201
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Scandola M, Canzano L, Avesani R, Leder M, Bertagnoli S, Gobbetto V, Aglioti SM, Moro V. Anosognosia for limb and bucco-facial apraxia as inferred from the recognition of gestural errors. J Neuropsychol 2020; 15:20-45. [PMID: 32080980 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Anosognosia is a multifaceted syndrome characterized by a lack of awareness of motor, cognitive, or emotional deficits. While most studies have focused on basic motor disorders such as hemiplegia, only recently, the issue of whether anosognosia also concerns higher-order motor disorders like apraxia has been addressed. Here, we explore the existence of a specific form of anosognosia for apraxia in forty patients with uni-hemispheric vascular lesions. The patients were requested to imitate actions involving upper limb or bucco-facial body parts and then judge their performance. Successively, they were also asked to observe video recordings of the same actions performed by themselves or by other patients and judge the accuracy of the displayed actions. The comparison of participants versus examiner judgement and between error recognition of others' versus self's actions was considered as an index of awareness deficit for the online and offline conditions, respectively. Evidence was found that awareness deficits occurred both immediately after action execution (online anosognosia) and in the video recording task (offline anosognosia). Moreover, bucco-facial and limb apraxic patients were specifically unaware of their errors in bucco-facial and limb actions, respectively, indicating for the first time a topographical organization of the syndrome. Our approach allowed us to distinguish awareness deficits from more general disorders in error recognition; indeed, anosognosic patients were able to identify errors when the same action was executed by another patient but not when the video showed their own actions. Finally, we provide evidence that anosognosia for apraxia might be associated with frontal cortical and subcortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Scandola
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | - Renato Avesani
- IRCSS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Mara Leder
- IRCSS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Bertagnoli
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Gobbetto
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Italy.,Verona Memory Center, CEMS, Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore M Aglioti
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University "La Sapienza" of Rome and Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Italy
| | - Valentina Moro
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Italy.,Verona Memory Center, CEMS, Verona, Italy
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202
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Geritz J, Maetzold S, Steffen M, Pilotto A, Corrà MF, Moscovich M, Rizzetti MC, Borroni B, Padovani A, Alpes A, Bang C, Barcellos I, Baron R, Bartsch T, Becktepe JS, Berg D, Bergeest LM, Bergmann P, Bouça-Machado R, Drey M, Elshehabi M, Farahmandi S, Ferreira JJ, Franke A, Friederich A, Geisler C, Hüllemann P, Gierthmühlen J, Granert O, Heinzel S, Heller MK, Hobert MA, Hofmann M, Jemlich B, Kerkmann L, Knüpfer S, Krause K, Kress M, Krupp S, Kudelka J, Kuhlenbäumer G, Kurth R, Leypoldt F, Maetzler C, Maia LF, Moewius A, Neumann P, Niemann K, Ortlieb CT, Paschen S, Pham MH, Puehler T, Radloff F, Riedel C, Rogalski M, Sablowsky S, Schanz EM, Schebesta L, Schicketmüller A, Studt S, Thieves M, Tönges L, Ullrich S, Urban PP, Vila-Chã N, Wiegard A, Warmerdam E, Warnecke T, Weiss M, Welzel J, Hansen C, Maetzler W. Motor, cognitive and mobility deficits in 1000 geriatric patients: protocol of a quantitative observational study before and after routine clinical geriatric treatment - the ComOn-study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:45. [PMID: 32028945 PMCID: PMC7006407 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-1445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor and cognitive deficits and consequently mobility problems are common in geriatric patients. The currently available methods for diagnosis and for the evaluation of treatment in this vulnerable cohort are limited. The aims of the ComOn (COgnitive and Motor interactions in the Older populatioN) study are (i) to define quantitative markers with clinical relevance for motor and cognitive deficits, (ii) to investigate the interaction between both motor and cognitive deficits and (iii) to assess health status as well as treatment outcome of 1000 geriatric inpatients in hospitals of Kiel (Germany), Brescia (Italy), Porto (Portugal), Curitiba (Brazil) and Bochum (Germany). METHODS This is a prospective, explorative observational multi-center study. In addition to the comprehensive geriatric assessment, quantitative measures of reduced mobility and motor and cognitive deficits are performed before and after a two week's inpatient stay. Components of the assessment are mobile technology-based assessments of gait, balance and transfer performance, neuropsychological tests, frailty, sarcopenia, autonomic dysfunction and sensation, and questionnaires to assess behavioral deficits, activities of daily living, quality of life, fear of falling and dysphagia. Structural MRI and an unsupervised 24/7 home assessment of mobility are performed in a subgroup of participants. The study will also investigate the minimal clinically relevant change of the investigated parameters. DISCUSSION This study will help form a better understanding of symptoms and their complex interactions and treatment effects in a large geriatric cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Geritz
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sara Maetzold
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Steffen
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta F. Corrà
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Moscovich
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maria C. Rizzetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annekathrin Alpes
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Igor Barcellos
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ralf Baron
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bartsch
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jos S. Becktepe
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lu M. Bergeest
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Raquel Bouça-Machado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal. CNS-Campus Neurológico Sénior, Torres Vedras, Portugal. Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Drey
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Morad Elshehabi
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susan Farahmandi
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joaquim J. Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal. CNS-Campus Neurológico Sénior, Torres Vedras, Portugal. Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Friederich
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Geisler
- Institute of Human nutrition, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Hüllemann
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Janne Gierthmühlen
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver Granert
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heinzel
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren K. Heller
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus A. Hobert
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Björn Jemlich
- Third Medical Clinic for Gastroenterology/Rheumatology, Städtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Kerkmann
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephanie Knüpfer
- Department of Urology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kress
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonja Krupp
- Research Group Geriatrics Lübeck, Red Cross Hospital Geriatric Centre, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kudelka
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gregor Kuhlenbäumer
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Roland Kurth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, ZIP, Centre for Integrative Psychiatry, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Leypoldt
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corina Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Luis F. Maia
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas Moewius
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Patricia Neumann
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Niemann
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Paschen
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Minh H. Pham
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Digital Signal Processing and System Theory, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Puehler
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska Radloff
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Riedel
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marten Rogalski
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simone Sablowsky
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elena M. Schanz
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Linda Schebesta
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Simone Studt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, ZIP, Centre for Integrative Psychiatry, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martina Thieves
- Geriatric Clinic, Städtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Tönges
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ullrich
- Third Medical Clinic for Gastroenterology/Rheumatology, Städtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter P. Urban
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nuno Vila-Chã
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anna Wiegard
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elke Warmerdam
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Digital Signal Processing and System Theory, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Michael Weiss
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julius Welzel
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clint Hansen
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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203
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D'Imperio D, Avesani R, Rossato E, Aganetto S, Scandola M, Moro V. Recovery from tactile agnosia: a single case study. Neurocase 2020; 26:18-28. [PMID: 31755352 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2019.1694951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In a patient suffering from tactile agnosia a comparison was made (using the ABABAB paradigm) between three blocks of neuropsychological rehabilitation sessions involving off-line anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (anodal-tDCS) and three blocks of rehabilitation sessions without tDCS. During the blocks with anodal-tDCS, the stimulation was administered in counterbalanced order to two sites: i) the perilesional parietal area (specific stimulation) and ii) an occipital area far from the lesion (nonspecific stimulation).Rehabilitation associated with anodal-tDCS (in particular in the perilesional areas) is more efficacious than without stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D'Imperio
- Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,NPSY.Lab-Vr, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Renato Avesani
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Elena Rossato
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Serena Aganetto
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar, Italy
| | - Michele Scandola
- NPSY.Lab-Vr, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Moro
- NPSY.Lab-Vr, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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204
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Caffò AO, Lopez A, Spano G, Stasolla F, Serino S, Cipresso P, Riva G, Bosco A. The differential effect of normal and pathological aging on egocentric and allocentric spatial memory in navigational and reaching space. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:1741-1749. [PMID: 32002741 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topographical disorientation (TD) refers to a particular condition which determines the loss of spatial orientation, both in new and familiar environments. TD and spatial memory impairments occur relatively early as effect of cognitive decline in aging, even in prodromal stages of dementia, namely mild cognitive impairment (MCI). AIMS (a) To show that components linked to the recall of familiar spatial knowledge are relatively spared with respect to the learning of unfamiliar ones in normal aging, while they are not in MCI, and (b) to investigate gender differences for their impact on egocentric and allocentric frames of reference. METHOD Forty young participants (YC), 40 healthy elderly participants (HE), 40 elderly participants with subjective memory complaints (SMC), and 40 elderly with probable MCI were administered with egocentric and allocentric familiar tasks, based on the map of their hometown, and with egocentric and allocentric unfamiliar tasks, based on new material to be learned. A series of general linear models were used to analyze data. RESULTS No group differences were found on egocentric task based on familiar information. MCI performed worse than the other groups on allocentric tasks based on familiar information (YC = HE = SMC > MCI). Significant differences emerged between groups on egocentric and allocentric tasks based on unfamiliar spatial information (YC > HE = SMC > MCI). A gender difference was found, favoring men on allocentric unfamiliar task. CONCLUSION Familiarity of spatial memory traces can represent a protective factor for retrospective components of TD in normal aging. Conversely, using newly learned information for assessment may lead to overestimating TD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro O Caffò
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, Via Crisanzio, 42, 70122, Bari, BA, Italy.
| | - Antonella Lopez
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, Via Crisanzio, 42, 70122, Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Spano
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, Via Crisanzio, 42, 70122, Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stasolla
- University "Giustino Fortunato", Viale Raffaele Delcogliano, 12, 82100, Benevento, BN, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- MySpace Lab, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), Bâtiment Champ de l'Air, Rue du Bugnon, 21, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, I.R.C.C.S, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Pellizza da Volpedo, 41, 20149, Milan, MI, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20100, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, I.R.C.C.S, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Pellizza da Volpedo, 41, 20149, Milan, MI, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20100, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosco
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, Via Crisanzio, 42, 70122, Bari, BA, Italy
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205
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Is Parkinson's disease an unique clinical entity? Rigid or tremor dominant PD: Two faces of the same coin. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:18-24. [PMID: 31982272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is one of the most described neurodegenerative pathologies; though it is one of the most complex pathologies, is not fully understood, correctly identified, with its different types of presentation, its clinical course and the neural networks involved. We report on a series consisting of 432 de novo PD diagnosed patients, and 457 control cases. We identify a possible independent relationship between two clinical PD presentation, akinetic-rigid and tremor-dominant, and cognitive and behavioral changes. A 24-months follow-up allows to identify new information still not fully explored.
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206
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Effect of test instructions: The example of the pantomime production task. Brain Cogn 2020; 139:105516. [PMID: 31935628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The production of pantomime is a sensible task to detect praxis deficits. It is usually assessed by presenting objects visually or by verbal command. Verbal instructions are given either by providing the name of the object (e.g., "Show me how to use a pen") or by requiring the object function (e.g., "Show me how to write"). These modes of testing are used interchangeably. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the different instructions generate different performances. Fifty-one healthy participants (17-89 years old) were assessed on three pantomime production tasks differing for the instruction given: two with verbal instructions (Pantomime by Name and Pantomime by Function) and one with the object visually presented (Pantomime by Object). Results showed that Pantomime by Function produced the poorest performance and the highest frequency of Body Parts as Tool (BPT) errors, suggesting that the way the instructions are given may determine the performance in a task. Nuances in test instructions could result in misleading outcome.
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207
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De Lucia N, Peluso S, Esposito M, Masi A, Saccà F, Bruzzese D, De Michele G, De Rosa A. Frontal defect contribution to decreasing of body mass index in Parkinson's disease patients. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 72:229-232. [PMID: 31839381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight loss is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been reported that low Body Mass Index (BMI) is associated with disease progression in these patients, but only a few data are available on the relationship between BMI and cognitive dysfunctions in PD patients. In the present study we systematically assessed the possible relationship between BMI index and specific cognitive defects. METHOD We enrolled a prospective sample of 37 PD individuals and 30 healthy controls (HC) of similar age, sex, and education. The BMI was calculated in each participant, who underwent a neuropsychological assessment exploring the general cognitive skills, frontal/executive, visuo-spatial, visuo-constructional and memory abilities. RESULTS We showed that PD group had significant lower BMI value compared to HC group. In PD patients, the BMI was negatively correlated to disease duration and number of errors at the Stroop-Color Word Test, and positively to score on Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Moreover, a regression analysis revealed that, the BMI in PD patients was associated with disease duration and score on FAB. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to reveal that the relationship between height and weight is strongly related to frontal cognitive dysfunctions in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia De Lucia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvio Peluso
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Esposito
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Saccà
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Michele
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
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208
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Performance at the clock drawing test of individuals affected by Parkinson’s disease and healthy subjects: a retrospective study. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:843-849. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04167-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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209
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Tremolizzo L, Lizio A, Santangelo G, Diamanti S, Lunetta C, Gerardi F, Messina S, La Foresta S, Riva N, Falzone Y, Filippi M, Woolley SC, Sansone VA, Siciliano M, Ferrarese C, Appollonio I. ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen (ALS-CBS): normative values for the Italian population and clinical usability. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:835-841. [PMID: 31807998 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients often express cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions within the so-called "frontotemporal spectrum disorders." Guidelines recommend screening of such dysfunctions, albeit only ALS dedicated tools are eventually suitable, due to the profound motor limitations induced by the disease. ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen (ALS-CBS) is such a screening tool but normative data are not available, limiting its widespread implementation. Our aim consisted in producing normative data for the Italian version of the ALS-CBS. The scale was administered to n = 458 healthy controls with different age and education. Following translation and back translation of the original version of the test, normative data and correction scores for the ALS-CBS cognitive subtest (ALS-CBSci) were generated. Furthermore, n = 100 ALS consecutive outpatients with a wide range of cognitive and motor severity underwent to the ALS-CBS, besides FAB and Weigl sorting test (WST), in order to check its usability. Completion rate was 100% for ALS-CBS and WST, and 68% for the FAB. Corrected ALS-CBS scores showed 12% detection rate of significant cognitive dysfunction with a moderate kappa with FAB and WST. For the ALS-CBS behavioral subtest (ALS-CBSbi), a caregiver was available for n = 81 ALS patients and asked to complete the subset. The detection rate for behavioral dysfunction was 55.5%, and a mild correlation between with the Caregiver Burden Inventory was present (r = - 0.26, p = 0.04). In conclusion, we offer here normative data for the ALS-CBS, a handy tool for screening frontotemporal spectrum dysfunctions in ALS patients, and confirm its usability and validity in an outpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Tremolizzo
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, U8 Via Cadore 48 -, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy.
- Neurology, "San Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy.
| | - Andrea Lizio
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santangelo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Susanna Diamanti
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, U8 Via Cadore 48 -, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
- Neurology, "San Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Christian Lunetta
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gerardi
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Messina
- NEuroMuscular Omnicenter (NEMO) SUD Clinical Center, Aurora Onlus Foundation, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefania La Foresta
- NEuroMuscular Omnicenter (NEMO) SUD Clinical Center, Aurora Onlus Foundation, Messina, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuri Falzone
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Susan C Woolley
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, 5150 Hill Rd E, Lakeport, CA, 95453, USA
| | - Valeria Ada Sansone
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Health, University of Milano, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Mattia Siciliano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - MRI Research Center Vanvitelli-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, U8 Via Cadore 48 -, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
- Neurology, "San Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- School of Medicine and Surgery and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, U8 Via Cadore 48 -, 20900, Monza, MB, Italy
- Neurology, "San Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
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210
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Calvi E, Marchetti M, Santagata F, Luppi C, Coppo E, Massaia M, Isaia GC. Similar neurocognitive patterns in patients treated with lenalidomide: chemobrain effect? Neurocase 2019; 25:259-262. [PMID: 31522586 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2019.1666876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: o report and describe cognitive impairments during lenalidomide treatment in three patients. Despite the relevant clinical impact of chemotherapy-related cognitive deficit (known as "chemobrain effect"), very few data are available in the literature. Methods: We present three subjects who developed cognitive impairment during treatment with lenalidomide. Their neuropsychological assessment was evaluated in order to better define the cognitive areas involved. For each patient medical history, drug therapy, physical examination and other instrumental tests (brain CT scan and/or MRI scan, FDG-PET and electroencephalography) were collected. Results: In all patients, we observed an homogeneous neuropsychological pattern characterized by long-term verbal and visuospatial memory deficits, and decline in attentional and executive functions. Conclusions: Lenalidomide treatments can determine severe cognitive impairments especially in elderly patients. Our data suggest the need for a careful evaluation of cognitive decline risk before and after drug administration. However, larger studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Calvi
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Margherita Marchetti
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Francesca Santagata
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Chiara Luppi
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Eleonora Coppo
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Massaia
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Giovanni Carlo Isaia
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
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211
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Wennberg A, Lorusso R, Dassie F, Benavides-Varela S, Parolin M, De Carlo E, Fallo F, Mioni R, Vettor R, Semenza C, Maffei P. Sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunction in acromegaly. Endocrine 2019; 66:634-641. [PMID: 31473920 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the general population, sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The prevalence of sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, in acromegalic patients is higher than in the general population, and they may have additional risk of cognitive impairment due to acromegaly treatment and comorbidities. We aim to study the relationship between sleep disturbances and cognitive dysfunction in a group of acromegalic patients. METHODS We studied 67 consecutive acromegalic patients. We performed a neurocognitive assessment and patients completed the Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQoL), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS Of the 67 acromegaly patients in the study, 38.8% were male and median age at the neurological examination was 56 (IQR 48, 65). Approximately 6-10% of patients had impaired cognitive assessment, depending on the test. In linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, disease duration, and disease activity, poorer sleep quality was associated with lower global cognitive z-score (B = -0.03, 95% CI -0.06, -0.002). Daytime somnolence was associated with poorer physical AcroQoL sub-score (B = -0.04, 95% CI -0.08, -0.002). Sleep quality was associated with poorer overall AcroQoL (B = -0.03, 95% CI -0.05, -0.006), physical AcroQoL (B = -0.04, 95% CI -0.07, -0.005), psychological AcroQoL (B = -0.02, 95% CI -0.04, -0.001), and social AcroQoL (B = -0.02, 95% CI -0.04, -0.0009). CONCLUSIONS In acromegaly patients, we found robust evidence that poor sleep quality is associated with poorer quality of life, and some evidence that it is associated with poorer cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wennberg
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - R Lorusso
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - F Dassie
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy.
| | - S Benavides-Varela
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - M Parolin
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - E De Carlo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - F Fallo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - R Mioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - R Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
| | - C Semenza
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia, Italy
| | - P Maffei
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, PD, Italy
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212
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Lombardi G, Polito C, Berti V, Bagnoli S, Nacmias B, Pupi A, Sorbi S. Contribution of Bilingualism to Cognitive Reserve of an Italian Literature Professor at High Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:1389-1395. [PMID: 30475769 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bilingualism is an independent component of cognitive reserve that permits to delay dementia onset up to 5 years. We describe a case of a bilingual Italian man affected by mild cognitive impairment with high cognitive reserve that, despite the presence of multiple risk factors (ApoE ɛ4/ɛ4 genotype, older age, untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, AD-like biomarker alterations) did not convert to Alzheimer's disease up to 5 years follow-up. The present case confirms the role of bilingualism as a strong protective factor for dementia, even in the occurrence of multiple risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Lombardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Polito
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Berti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Bagnoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Pupi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
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213
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A Computational Approach for the Assessment of Executive Functions in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111975. [PMID: 31739514 PMCID: PMC6912564 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) showed impairments in executive domains, particularly in cognitive inhibition. In this perspective, the use of virtual reality showed huge potential in the assessment of executive functions; however, unfortunately, to date, no study on the assessment of these patients took advantage of the use of virtual environments. One of the main problems faced within assessment protocols is the use of a limited number of variables and tools when tailoring a personalized program. The main aim of this study was to provide a heuristic decision tree for the future development of tailored assessment protocols. To this purpose, we conducted a study that involved 58 participants (29 OCD patients and 29 controls) to collect both classic neuropsychological data and precise data based on a validated protocol in virtual reality for the assessment of executive functions, namely, the VMET (virtual multiple errands test). In order to provide clear indications for working on executive functions with these patients, we carried out a cross-validation based on three learning algorithms and computationally defined two decision trees. We found that, by using three neuropsychological tests and two VMET scores, it was possible to discriminate OCD patients from controls, opening a novel scenario for future assessment protocols based on virtual reality and computational techniques.
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214
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D'Antonio F, Di Vita A, Zazzaro G, Brusà E, Trebbastoni A, Campanelli A, Ferracuti S, de Lena C, Guariglia C, Boccia M. Psychosis of Alzheimer's disease: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging longitudinal study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1689-1697. [PMID: 31368183 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may represent a distinct disease phenotype; however, neuropsychological profile and neural basis linked to this phenotype have not yet been clarified. In this study, we aimed at detecting whether impairment in specific cognitive domains predicts the onset of psychosis in AD patients and what grey matter alterations, their location, and the rate of atrophy are associated with psychosis of AD. METHODS Longitudinal neuropsychological data from AD patients with and without psychosis were analysed to determine whether the neuropsychological profile can predict the onset of psychosis. A voxel-based morphometry (VBM) on longitudinal T1-weighted images was used to explore differences in grey matter volume and in the rate of atrophy between groups. RESULTS Noncognitive domain predicted the psychosis onset. However, AD patients with psychosis exhibited greater atrophy in the right anterior-inferior temporal lobe, including the fusiform gyrus (cluster-p-family-wise error [pfwe] < 0.05; peak-p uncorrected [pUNC] < 0.001) as well as greater rate of atrophy in the right insula than nonpsychotic patients (cluster-pFWE = 0.075; peak-pUNC < 0.001). The anterior-inferior temporal lobe is part of the ventral visual stream, and the insula plays a key role in the salience network. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests that damage in these areas underpins an impairment in the visual processing of the objects and an impairment in the attribution of salience to the misperceived stimuli, which in turn leads to the onset of psychosis. These findings tie in well with the neuropsychological model of psychosis, according to which the simultaneous presence of two factors, namely misperception and misattribution, underlies psychosis in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia D'Antonio
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Vita
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Zazzaro
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Brusà
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo de Lena
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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215
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Abbruzzese L, Magnani N, Robertson IH, Mancuso M. Age and Gender Differences in Emotion Recognition. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2371. [PMID: 31708832 PMCID: PMC6819430 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Existing literature suggests that age affects recognition of affective facial expressions. Eye-tracking studies highlighted that age-related differences in recognition of emotions could be explained by different face exploration patterns due to attentional impairment. Gender also seems to play a role in recognition of emotions. Unfortunately, little is known about the differences in emotion perception abilities across lifespans for men and women, even if females show more ability from infancy. Objective The present study aimed to examine the role of age and gender on facial emotion recognition in relation to neuropsychological functions and face exploration strategies. We also aimed to explore the associations between emotion recognition and quality of life. Methods 60 healthy people were consecutively enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: Younger Adults and Older Adults. Participants were assessed for: emotion recognition, attention abilities, frontal functioning, memory functioning and quality of life satisfaction. During the execution of the emotion recognition test using the Pictures of Facial Affects (PoFA) and a modified version of PoFA (M-PoFA), subject’s eye movements were recorded with an Eye Tracker. Results Significant differences between younger and older adults were detected for fear recognition when adjusted for cognitive functioning and eye-gaze fixations characteristics. Adjusted means of fear recognition were significantly higher in the younger group than in the older group. With regard to gender’s effects, old females recognized identical pairs of emotions better than old males. Considering the Satisfaction Profile (SAT-P) we detected negative correlations between some dimensions (Physical functioning, Sleep/feeding/free time) and emotion recognition (i.e., sadness, and disgust). Conclusion The current study provided novel insights into the specific mechanisms that may explain differences in emotion recognition, examining how age and gender differences can be outlined by cognitive functioning and face exploration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Magnani
- Adult Mental Health Service, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Ian H Robertson
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mauro Mancuso
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Italy.,Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Grosseto, Italy
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216
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Bernini S, Alloni A, Panzarasa S, Picascia M, Quaglini S, Tassorelli C, Sinforiani E. A computer-based cognitive training in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease. NeuroRehabilitation 2019; 44:555-567. [PMID: 31256092 DOI: 10.3233/nre-192714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no successful pharmacological treatment for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's Disease, therefore treatments capable of slowing down the progression of cognitive dysfunction are needed. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive training, supported by the CoRe computerized tool, in patients with Parkinson's Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment. METHODS This is a prospective, open-unblinded, randomized, controlled study. After baseline cognitive assessment (T0), enrolled patients were randomized to receive motor rehabilitation plus cognitive intervention (G1) or motor rehabilitation only (G2). Follow-up assessments were scheduled 4 weeks (T1) and 6 months after (T2). Global cognitive functioning scores (MOCA and MMSE) were considered as primary outcome. Outcome measures at T0, T1 and T2 were compared within- and between-groups. A percentage change score between T0 and next assessments was calculated to identify patients who improved, remain stable or worsened. RESULTS Differently from G2, G1 showed a medium/large effect size improvement in primary (MoCA) and secondary outcome, both between T0 and T1 and T0 and T2. Moreover, within G1, most patients improved their cognitive state compared to the baseline. CONCLUSIONS Patients trained with CoRe showed a better evolution of cognitive decline, while untreated patients tended to get worse over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bernini
- Neuropsychology/Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Alloni
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Panzarasa
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Picascia
- Neuropsychology/Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvana Quaglini
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Tassorelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Sinforiani
- Neuropsychology/Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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217
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Vignando M, Rumiati RI, Manganotti P, Cattaruzza T, Aiello M. Establishing links between abnormal eating behaviours and semantic deficits in dementia. J Neuropsychol 2019; 14:431-448. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo Manganotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences University of Trieste Italy
| | - Tatiana Cattaruzza
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences University of Trieste Italy
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218
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Longarzo M, Cavaliere C, Orsini M, Tramontano L, Aiello M, Salvatore M, Grossi D. A Multimodal Imaging Study in a Case of Bilateral Thalamic Damage With Multidomain Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1048. [PMID: 31681141 PMCID: PMC6802733 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe thalamic injury can determine a particular type of vascular dementia affecting multiple network dysfunctions, considered the central role of thalamus as a hub for afferent and efferent stimuli. A 67-year-old male patient with bilateral thalamic stroke was studied with positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive assessment, performed at baseline and at two follow-up evaluations. A pattern primarily involving thalamo-frontal connections was observed by both PET and tractography analyses. All significant differences between the patient and controls involved the anterior thalamic radiation, one of the major fiber tracts in the fronto-thalamic circuitry. In particular, altered tractography indices of higher radial diffusivity and apparent diffusion coefficient and reduced fractional anisotropy values for the anterior thalamic radiation were reported. In accordance with imaging findings, neuropsychological evaluation demonstrated a multidomain impairment including memory, executive functions, and attention. Additionally, the patients displayed behavioral symptoms, in absence of mood alterations. Multimodal imaging assessment, revealing the metabolic and microstructural alterations that attend to multidomain neuropsychological impairment, demonstrated multiple levels of adaptations to bilateral vascular thalamic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dario Grossi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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219
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Abu-Rumeileh S, Mometto N, Bartoletti-Stella A, Polischi B, Oppi F, Poda R, Stanzani-Maserati M, Cortelli P, Liguori R, Capellari S, Parchi P. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia Spectrum: A Single-Center Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:551-563. [PMID: 30320576 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) core biomarker levels have been evaluated in cohorts of patients with frontotemporal dementia spectrum (FTD), but the distribution of values across the different clinical syndromes and underlying proteinopathies, and the relative diagnostic accuracy appear discordant among studies. We measured CSF NfL, total (t)-tau, phosphorylated (p)-tau, and amyloid-β (Aβ)42 in healthy controls (n = 38) and subjects with a clinical, genetic, CSF biomarker-based, and/or neuropathological diagnosis of FTD (n = 141) or AD (n = 60). Sub-analyses were conducted in a proportion of subjects with definite and/or probable frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau (FTLD-TAU) (n = 42) or TDP43 pathology (FTLD-TDP) (n = 36). Both FTD and AD groups showed significantly increased CSF NfL levels in comparison to controls (p < 0.001). CSF NfL levels were significantly higher in FTD patients than in AD (p < 0.001), reaching the highest values in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with FTD. Patients with probable and definite FTLD-TDP had significantly higher NfL levels (p < 0.001) and lower p-tau/t-tau values (p < 0.001) in comparison with probable and definite FTLD-TAU cases. NfL showed good diagnostic accuracy in the distinction between FTD and controls (AUC 0.862±0.027) and yielded an accuracy (AUC 0.861±0.045) comparable to that of the p-tau/t-tau ratio (AUC 0.814±0.050), with 80.0% sensitivity and 81.0% specificity, in the discrimination between probable/definite FTLD-TAU and FTLD-TDP. Our data further validate CSF NfL as a surrogate biomarker of neurodegeneration and disease severity in patients with FTD spectrum. Moreover, they demonstrate a good diagnostic value for NfL and p-tau/t-tau ratio in the discrimination between FTLD-TAU and FTLD-TDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Abu-Rumeileh
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Mometto
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Polischi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Oppi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Poda
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Parchi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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220
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Cera N, Esposito R, Cieri F, Tartaro A. Altered Cingulate Cortex Functional Connectivity in Normal Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:857. [PMID: 31572106 PMCID: PMC6753224 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies revealed that the brain is organized into specialized networks constituted by regions that show a coherent fluctuation of spontaneous activity. Among these networks, the cingulate cortex appears to play a crucial role, particularly in the default mode network, the dorsal attention network and the salience network. In the present study, we mapped the functional connectivity (FC) pattern of different regions of the cingulate cortex: the anterior cingulate cortex, midcingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex/retro splenial cortex, which have been in turn divided into a total of 9 subregions. We compared FC patterns of the cingulate subregions in a sample of mild cognitive impairment patients and healthy elderly subjects. Methods We enrolled 19 healthy elders (age range: 61-72 y.o.) and 16 Mild cognitive impairment patients (age range 64-87 y.o.). All participants had comparable levels of education (8-10 years) and were neurologically examined to exclude visual and motor impairments, major medical conditions, psychiatric or neurological disorders and consumption of psychotropic drugs. The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment was performed according to Petersen criteria. Subjects were evaluated with Mini-Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery, and prose memory (Babcock story) tests. In addition, with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we investigated resting-state network activities. Results Healthy elderly, compared to mild cognitive impairment, showed significant increased level of FC for the ventral part of the anterior cingulate cortex in correspondence to the bilateral caudate and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, for the midcingulate cortex the healthy elderly group showed increased levels of FC in the somatomotor region, prefrontal cortex, and superior parietal lobule. Meanwhile, the mild cognitive impairment group showed an increased level of FC for the superior frontal gyrus, frontal eye field and orbitofrontal cortex compared to the healthy elderly group. Conclusion Our findings indicate that cognitive decline observed in mild cognitive impairment patients damages the global FC of the cingulate cortex, supporting the idea that abnormalities in resting-state activities of the cingulate cortex could be a useful additional tool in order to better understand the brain mechanisms of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Cera
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roberto Esposito
- Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Filippo Cieri
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Armando Tartaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Mioni G, Meligrana L, Perini F, Marcon M, Stablum F. Lack of Temporal Impairment in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Integr Neurosci 2019; 13:42. [PMID: 31572135 PMCID: PMC6751304 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate possible temporal impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the amount of temporal distortions caused by the presentation of emotional facial expressions (anger, shame, and neutral) in MCI patients and controls. Twelve older adults with MCI and 14 healthy older adults were enrolled in the present study. All participants underwent a complete neuropsychological evaluation. We used three timing tasks to tap temporal abilities, namely time bisection (standard intervals lasting 400 and 1600 ms), finger-tapping (free and 1 s), and simple reaction-time tasks. The stimuli used in the time bisection task were facial emotional stimuli expressing anger or shame to investigate a possible contribution of emotional information as previously observed in healthy adults. MCI patients showed temporal abilities comparable to controls. We observed an effect of facial emotional stimuli on time perception when data were analyzed in terms of proportion of long responses, and this result was mainly driven by the temporal overestimation when a facial expression of anger was presented in controls. Results seem to suggest that the severity of the cognitive dysfunction accounts more for subjective temporal impairment than a compromised internal clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Mioni
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia Meligrana
- U.O. Neurologia e Geriatria Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Perini
- U.O. Neurologia e Geriatria Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Michela Marcon
- U.O. Neurologia e Geriatria Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Franca Stablum
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
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222
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Moreira HS, Costa AS, Machado Á, Castro SL, Lima CF, Vicente SG. Distinguishing mild cognitive impairment from healthy aging and Alzheimer's Disease: The contribution of the INECO Frontal Screening (IFS). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221873. [PMID: 31504056 PMCID: PMC6736301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive functions are affected differently in healthy aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and evaluating them is important for differential diagnosis. The INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) is a brief neuropsychological screening tool, developed to assess executive dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. GOALS We aimed to examine whether and how MCI patients can be differentiated from cognitively healthy controls (HC) and mild to moderate AD patients based on IFS performance. We also explored how IFS scores are associated with age, years of education, and depressive/anxious symptoms (as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). METHOD IFS total scores were compared between 26 HC, 32 MCI and 21 mild to moderate AD patients. The three groups were matched for age and education. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was analyzed and optimal cut-offs were determined. RESULTS Healthy participants had higher IFS scores than both clinical groups, and MCI patients had higher scores than AD patients. IFS showed high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of MCI (AUC = .89, p < .001) and AD (AUC = .99, p < .001), and for the differentiation between the clinical groups (AUC = .76, p < .001). We provide optimal cut-offs for the identification of MCI and AD and for their differentiation. We also found that, in general, higher education predicted higher IFS scores (no associations with age and depressive/anxious symptoms were observed). Altogether, these findings indicate that evaluating executive functions with the IFS can be valuable for the identification of MCI, a high-risk group for dementia, and for differentiating this condition from healthy aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Sofia Costa
- Neurocognition Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Aachen, Germany
| | - Álvaro Machado
- Neurocognition Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - São Luís Castro
- Centre for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - César F. Lima
- Centre for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Selene G. Vicente
- Centre for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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223
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Efficacy and impact on cognitive functions and quality of life of perampanel as first add-on therapy in patients with epilepsy: A retrospective study. Epilepsy Behav 2019; 98:139-144. [PMID: 31374469 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunctions are frequent in patients with epilepsy. This comorbidity significantly alters their quality of life and plays an important role in their therapeutic management. Perampanel is a noncompetitive antagonist of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors and is considered a new generation AED (antiepileptic drug) with limited impact on cognitive functions.The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of perampanel as first add-on therapy and its impact on cognitive functions and quality of life in patients with epilepsy followed for 6 months at the Neurology Division of "A. Cardarelli" Hospital in Naples (Italy).
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224
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Pezzoli S, Cagnin A, Antonini A, Venneri A. Frontal and subcortical contribution to visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease. Postgrad Med 2019; 131:509-522. [DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2019.1656515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pezzoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Angelo Antonini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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225
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Izzo VA, Donati MA, Torre E, Ramat S, Primi C. Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease versus in healthy controls: A different predictive model. J Neuropsychol 2019; 14:318-332. [PMID: 31423741 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICDs), including compulsive gambling, buying, sexual behaviour and eating, are not only a severe disorder that can affect the general, non-clinical population, but also a serious, increasingly recognized psychiatric complication in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous research detected some risk factors for their occurrence in PD patients and in the general population, including impulsivity. However, impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that comprises several aspects, including reflection impulsivity and delay discounting. The present work assessed different facets of impulsivity in both PD patients and in the healthy controls (HCs) to examine whether they scored differently, and if the occurrence of ICDs in PD patients and in the HCs was predicted by different aspects of impulsivity. The results showed that ICDs in PD patients were predicted by a strong preference for immediate rewards, whereas ICDs in the HCs were predicted by a deficient reflective ability. The present findings may help clinicians in the early identification of PD patients who could develop ICDs by simply assessing their impulsivity in terms of delay discounting. Furthermore, this work contributed to identify another risk factor for ICDs in the non-clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Angela Izzo
- NEUROFARBA Department - Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Anna Donati
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Torre
- Azienda Usl 4 di Prato - U. O. Neurologia, Prato, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Primi
- NEUROFARBA Department - Section of Psychology, University of Florence, Italy
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226
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Upper limb movements in dementia with Lewy body: a quantitative analysis. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:2105-2110. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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227
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Di Rosa E, Brigadoi S, Cutini S, Tarantino V, Dell'Acqua R, Mapelli D, Braver TS, Vallesi A. Reward motivation and neurostimulation interact to improve working memory performance in healthy older adults: A simultaneous tDCS-fNIRS study. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116062. [PMID: 31369810 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have evaluated the effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the prefrontal cortex (PFC) for the enhancement of working memory (WM) performance in healthy older adults. However, the mixed results obtained so far suggest the need for concurrent brain imaging, in order to more directly examine tDCS effects. The present study adopted a continuous multimodal approach utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the interactive effects of tDCS combined with manipulations of reward motivation. Twenty-one older adults (mean age = 69.7 years; SD = 5.05) performed an experimental visuo-spatial WM task before, during and after the delivery of 1.5 mA anodal tDCS/sham over the left prefrontal cortex (PFC). During stimulation, participants received performance-contingent reward for every fast and correct response during the WM task. In both sessions, hemodynamic activity of the bilateral frontal, motor and parietal areas was recorded across the entire duration of the WM task. Cognitive functions and reward sensitivity were also assessed with standard measures. Results demonstrated a significant impact of tDCS on both WM performance and hemodynamic activity. Specifically, faster responses in the WM task were observed both during and after anodal tDCS, while no differences were found under sham control conditions. However, these effects emerged only when taking into account individual visuo-spatial WM capacity. Additionally, during and after the anodal tDCS, increased hemodynamic activity relative to sham was observed in the bilateral PFC, while no effects of tDCS were detected in the motor and parietal areas. These results provide the first evidence of tDCS-dependent functional changes in PFC activity in healthy older adults during the execution of a WM task. Moreover, they highlight the utility of combining reward motivation with prefrontal anodal tDCS, as a potential strategy to improve WM efficiency in low performing healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Di Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA.
| | - Sabrina Brigadoi
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Cutini
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenza Tarantino
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Dell'Acqua
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Mapelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Todd S Braver
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Antonino Vallesi
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
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228
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Pace G, Orrù G, Monaro M, Gnoato F, Vitaliani R, Boone KB, Gemignani A, Sartori G. Malingering Detection of Cognitive Impairment With the b Test Is Boosted Using Machine Learning. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1650. [PMID: 31396127 PMCID: PMC6664275 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Here we report an investigation on the accuracy of the b Test, a measure to identify malingering of cognitive symptoms, in detecting malingerers of mild cognitive impairment. Method: Three groups of participants, patients with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (n = 21), healthy elders (controls, n = 21), and healthy elders instructed to simulate mild cognitive disorder (malingerers, n = 21) were administered two background neuropsychological tests (MMSE, FAB) as well as the b Test. Results: Malingerers performed significantly worse on all error scores as compared to patients and controls, and performed poorly than controls, but comparably to patients, on the time score. Patients performed significantly worse than controls on all scores, but both groups showed the same pattern of more omission than commission errors. By contrast, malingerers exhibited the opposite pattern with more commission errors than omission errors. Machine learning models achieve an overall accuracy higher than 90% in distinguishing patients from malingerers on the basis of b Test results alone. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that b Test error scores accurately distinguish patients with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder from malingerers and may complement other validated procedures such as the Medical Symptom Validity Test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Pace
- Department of Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Orrù
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Merylin Monaro
- Department of Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Kyle B Boone
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, California School of Forensic Studies, Alliant International University, Alhambra, CA, United States
| | - Angelo Gemignani
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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229
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Scarpina F, Magnani FG, Tagini S, Priano L, Mauro A, Sedda A. Mental representation of the body in action in Parkinson's disease. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:2505-2521. [PMID: 31327026 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mixed findings characterize studies in Parkinson's disease (PD): some studies indicate a relationship between physical impairments and the ability to mentally represent the body, while others suggest spared abilities for this cognitive function. To clarify the matter, in the present study we explored the mental representations of the body in action in the same PD patients, taking also into account lateralization of symptoms and visual imagery skills. 10 PD patients with left- (lPD), 10 with right (rPD) lateralized symptoms (lPD), and 20 matched healthy controls have been recruited for the study. All patients were screened for neuropsychological impairments. To explore a more implicit component we used the hand laterality task (HLT), while the mental motor chronometry (MMC) was used to explore a more explicit one. Two control tasks, with objects instead of body parts, were administered to control for visual imagery skills. In the HLT, we detected the effects of biomechanical constraints effects in both controls and PD patients. In the latter group, importantly, this was true independently from lateralization of symptoms. In the MMC, we found the expected positive correlation between executed and imagined movements for both hands in controls only, while all PD patients, again independently form lateralization, only showed this effect for the left hand. In terms of visual imagery, only rPD patients differed from controls when asked to implicitly rotate letters, and in terms of accuracy only. However, this difference is explained by executive functions measured through the neuropsychological assessment rather than by a "pure" visual imagery impairment. In summary, our findings suggest that two different aspects of the mental representations of the body in action, one more implicit and the other more explicit, can be differently affected by PD. These impairments are unlikely explained by a basic visual imagery deficit. When present, impairments concern a higher dimension, related to motor functions and awareness, and not driven by sensory impairments, as shown by the independence of effects from physical laterality of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Scarpina
- Division of Neurology and Neuro-Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, VCO, Italy.
| | - Francesca Giulia Magnani
- Cognitive Neuropsychology Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMi-Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Tagini
- Division of Neurology and Neuro-Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, VCO, Italy.,CIMeC, Center for the Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Priano
- Division of Neurology and Neuro-Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, VCO, Italy.,"Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauro
- Division of Neurology and Neuro-Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, VCO, Italy.,"Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Sedda
- Psychology Department, School of Social Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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230
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De Lucia N, Milan G, Conson M, Grossi D, Trojano L. Enactment effect in patients with Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 41:965-973. [PMID: 31311416 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1642306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Subjects can improve their performance on memory for action phrases if, during the encoding condition, they self-perform actions associated with verbs (subject-performed condition), or if they perceive the actions carried out by experimenter (experimenter-performed condition), with respect to a verbal task condition in which they only read or listen to the stimuli. This facilitation is labeled "Enactment effect" (EE), and is thought to be associated with episodic integration processes binding actions and nouns together in a coherent representation. Only recently, studies addressed EE in AD individuals reporting significant improvements on memory tasks in the subject-performed encoding condition. However, no studies tried to explore the cognitive mechanisms supporting EE in AD individuals. Method: Performance on recognition and cued recall tasks for action phrases were assessed in a sample of 32 mild-to-moderate AD individuals and 30 healthy adults, in verbal, subject-performed and experimenter-performed encoding conditions. Moreover, a cognitive assessment was completed to explore the possible correlates of EE in our participants. Results: Results showed that both subject-performed and experimenter-performed encoding conditions produced similar advantages over the verbal condition, in both memory tasks in both groups. Moreover, these memory advantages were strongly associated to executive processes, in both AD and healthy adults. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that EE is spared in mild to moderate AD. Our findings supported the role of episodic integration processes and suggested a contribution of executive processes in EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia De Lucia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University , Naples , Italy
| | - Graziella Milan
- Geriatric and Dementia Center "Frullone" ASL NA1 , Naples , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Conson
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli , Caserta , Italy
| | - Dario Grossi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli , Caserta , Italy
| | - Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli , Caserta , Italy
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231
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Somatic symptoms disorders in Parkinson's disease are related to default mode and salience network dysfunction. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101932. [PMID: 31491814 PMCID: PMC6658828 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Somatic Symptoms Disorder (SSD) has been shown to have a clinically very high prevalence in Parkinson's Disease (PD) with frequencies ranging from 7.0% to 66.7%, higher than in the general population (10%- 25%). SSD has been associated with dysfunction in Default Mode and Salience network. Aim With the present study we aim to verify by means of resting state functional MRI whether possible specific abnormalities in the activation and functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) and salience network in cognitively intact PD patients may be more prominent in PD patients with somatic symptoms (SSD-PD) as compared with patients without SSD (PD). Methods Eighteen SSD-PD patients (61% male), 18 PD patients (83% male) and 22 healthy age-matched subjects (59% male) were enrolled in the study and underwent resting state functional MRI. Results fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) showed reduced activity in bilateral lateral parietal cortex and in left anterior insula in both SSD-PD and PD compared to control group. Functional connectivity (FC) values in the DMN areas and between DMN and salience network areas were found to be lower in SSD-PD than in control group and PD. No significant correlation was found between fMRI results and demographic and clinical variables, excluding the effect of possible confounders on fMRI results. The present study, showing reduced activity in bilateral parietal areas and in the left anterior insula as compared to healthy controls, suggests a dysfunction of the DMN and salience network in PD, either with or without SSD. The FC reduction within DMN areas and between DMN and salience network areas in SSD-PD patients suggests a role of dysfunctional connectivity in the resting state network of patients with SSD. Reduced activity in parietal areas and in anterior insula in Parkinson's Disease. Functional connectivity is lower in Parkinson's disease with somatic symptoms. Somatic Symptoms in PD are related to default mode and salience network alterations.
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232
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Tanzilli A, Pace A, Fabi A, Telera S, Vidiri A, Carosi M, Terrenato I, Koudriavtseva T, Boccaletti R, Villani V. Neurocognitive evaluation in older adult patients affected by glioma. J Geriatr Oncol 2019; 11:701-708. [PMID: 31277954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) has an increasing incidence and dismal prognosis in older adults. This study evaluated neurocognitive status of an older adult population with GBM and its correlation with clinical and demographical variables. METHODS Each patient underwent an extended neuropsychological evaluation by means of a battery of standardized tests describing eight cognitive domains: global function; verbal learning; short- and long-term memory (LTM); executive functions (EFs); abstract reasoning (AR); attention; and visuo-constructional abilities (CA). RESULTS We assessed 79 patients with GBM (median age: 74 years). Out of this initial sample, a subgroup of seventeen patients with six-month median time underwent a follow-up test session. 46 out of the 79 patients (58.2%) presented multi-domain cognitive impairment, 24 patients (30.3%) showed single-domain cognitive impairment and only seven (9%) showed no cognitive impairment. Kaplan Meier estimator showed that patients with AR deficit had a poorer prognosis in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival (p < .001). At the multivariate analysis AR (deficit vs non; hazard ratio (HR) = 5.07, 95%; confidence interval (CI): 1.91-13.46; p < .001) was correlated with disease progression and overall survival, AR (deficit vs non; HR = 7.24, 95% CI: 2.58-20.32; p < .001). Eight out of seventeen patients who underwent follow-up test session showed cognitive improvement, five resulted in further deterioration, and four patients remained stable. LTM, EF, and CA were the most affected functions at follow-up, while verbal learning was the most improved one in patients with cognitive improvement. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive functioning evaluation should be included among the standard clinical endpoints in the treatment of older adult neuro-oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tanzilli
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pace
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Division of Medical Oncology, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Telera
- Division of Neurosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Division of Radiology, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Division of Neuropathology, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Terrenato
- Biostatistic Unit, Scientific Direction, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Tatiana Koudriavtseva
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Boccaletti
- Division of Neurosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Villani
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Baschi R, Nicoletti A, Restivo V, Recca D, Zappia M, Monastero R. Frequency and Correlates of Subjective Memory Complaints in Parkinson's Disease with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment: Data from the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Impairment Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:1015-1024. [PMID: 29710711 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Subjective memory complaints (SMC) may represent the preclinical phase of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease. Dementia/MCI have been described with a high prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD), but whether SMC may predict the development of cognitive impairment has been barely explored. To evaluate the frequency and clinical correlates of isolated SMC (PD-SMC) or within the construct of MCI in subjects with PD, 147 PD patients from the PArkinson's disease COgnitive impairment Study (PACOS) were consecutively recruited for the study. This is a multicenter study involving two Movement Disorder Centers in south Italy. All subjects underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation and PD-MCI was diagnosed according to Litvan's criteria. The Memory Assessment Clinics Questionnaire was used to assess SMC. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for demographics and significant covariates, was used to evaluate clinical differences between groups. Forty-two (28.6%) individuals presented with PD without SMC and/or MCI (PDw), 40 (27,2%) with PD-SMC, 48 (32,6%) PD-SMC-MCI, and 17 (11,6%) PD-MCI without SMC (PD-MCI). When compared to PDw, PD-SMC was significantly associated with anxiety (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.18-13.03), while PD-SMC-MCI related to motor progression (OR = 5.29, 95% CI = 1.12-24.86), and instrumental disability (OR = 6.98, 95% CI = 2.08-23.38). About 60% of patients showed SMC, in isolation or within the MCI frame. The role of SMC in PD seems to have a different etiology depending on the presence/absence of MCI. In particular, PD-SMC would represent a subjective reaction to the disease, while PD-SMC-MCI would depict motor progression and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Baschi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Restivo
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Deborah Recca
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Italy
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Artusi CA, Montanaro E, Tuttobene S, Romagnolo A, Zibetti M, Lopiano L. Pisa Syndrome in Parkinson's Disease Is Associated With Specific Cognitive Alterations. Front Neurol 2019; 10:577. [PMID: 31214112 PMCID: PMC6554440 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pisa syndrome (PS) is a lateral flexion of the trunk frequently associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). The pathophysiology of PS remains unclear, but the role of cognitive deficits has been postulated. Methods: We included 12 consecutive PD patients with PS (PS+) and 12 PD patients without PS (PS-) matched for gender, age, level of education, PD duration, and PD stage. As primary aim, we compared the neuropsychological scores of 16 tests evaluating 6 cognitive domains between PS+ and PS-. Additionally, we evaluated the presence of misperception of the trunk position in PS+, defined as a mismatch between the objective vs. subjective evaluation of the trunk bending angle >5°, and analyzed whether a correlation exists between the misperception of the trunk position and alterations in the visual-spatial abilities. Results: PS+ group showed significantly worse performances in the visual-spatial abilities (p: 0.008), attentional domain (p: 0.001), and language domain (p: 0.023). No differences were found in the other cognitive domains nor in the general cognitive assessment. All PS+ patients showed a misperception of the trunk position, with an average underestimation of the trunk bending angle of 11.7° ± 4.3. The degree of misperception of the trunk position showed a trend toward a correlation with the visual-spatial scores (p: 0.089). Conclusions: The study reveals an association between PS and specific cognitive alterations, suggesting a possible link between the abnormal posture of PD patients with PS and their cognitive functions.
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235
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Iuliano E, di Cagno A, Cristofano A, Angiolillo A, D'Aversa R, Ciccotelli S, Corbi G, Fiorilli G, Calcagno G, Di Costanzo A. Physical exercise for prevention of dementia (EPD) study: background, design and methods. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:659. [PMID: 31142290 PMCID: PMC6542067 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several observational studies have shown that exercise reduces the risk of cognitive decline; however, evidences from long-term, well-conducted, randomized controlled trials are scanty. The principal aim of this study is to verify whether a long-term program of multimodal supervised exercise improves the cognitive function and/or reduces the rate of cognitive decline in older adults at different degrees of risk for dementia. Methods/design EPD is a parallel group, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Community-dwelling volunteers aged 50 years or more are being recruited from different community centers and screened for eligibility. Enrolled subjects are being divided in 3 groups: a) without subjective or objective cognitive impairment, b) with subjective memory complaints, and c) with mild cognitive impairments. Participants in each group (at least 180) are being randomly assigned (1:1) to an experimental group, performing a supervised training including aerobic and resistance exercises of moderate/high intensity, or to a control group. Primary outcome will be 48-months changes in Mini Mental State Examinations. Secondary outcomes will be changes in several cognitive tests including a composite cognitive score. Time points will be at baseline, and at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. Statistical analysis will be done as intention to treat, complete case and mixed model analysis. Discussion EPD is the first trial to examine the effects of a long exercise program (48 months) on cognitive performances. If successful, this trial may provide evidence for using long-term and multimodal exercise interventions for dementia prevention programs in the aging population. Trial registration The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the code NCT02236416.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Iuliano
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus university, Via Isimbardi 10, 22060, Novedrate, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Cristofano
- Center for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonella Angiolillo
- Center for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rita D'Aversa
- Center for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Santina Ciccotelli
- Center for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Alfonso Di Costanzo
- Center for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
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Fonte C, Smania N, Pedrinolla A, Munari D, Gandolfi M, Picelli A, Varalta V, Benetti MV, Brugnera A, Federico A, Muti E, Tamburin S, Schena F, Venturelli M. Comparison between physical and cognitive treatment in patients with MCI and Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:3138-3155. [PMID: 31127076 PMCID: PMC6555450 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive and physical activity treatments (CT and PT) are two non-pharmacological approaches frequently used in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The aim of this study was to compare CT and PT in these diseases. Eighty-seven patients were randomly assigned to CT (n=30), PT (n=27) or control group (CTRL; n=30) for 6 months. The global cognitive function was measured by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Specific neuropsychological tests explored attention, memory, executive functions, behavioral disorders. Cardiovascular risk factors (CVD) were collected. All measures were performed before (T0), after treatments (T1), and at three-months follow-up (T2). MMSE did not change from T0 to T1 and T2 in patients assigned to PT and CT, while CTRL patients showed a decline MCI: -11.8%, AD: -16.2%). Between group differences (MCI vs AD) were not found at T1 and T2. Significant worsening was found for CTRL in MCI (T0- T1: P=.039; T0-T2: P<.001) and AD (T0-T1: P<.001; T0-T2: P<.001), and amelioration was found for CT in AD (T0-T2: P<.001). Attention, executive functions and behavioral disorders were unaffected by either PT or CT. Memory was increased in patients with MCI assigned to PT (+6.9%) and CT (+8.5%).. CVD were ameliorated in the PT group. CTRL patients of both groups, revealed significant decline in all functions and no between groups differences were detected. PT appear to ameliorate CVD. Although between groups differences were not found, results suggest a major retention in MCI compared with AD, suggesting that the latter might benefit better of constant rather than periodic treatments. This study confirms the positive effects of CT and PT in mitigating the cognitive decline in MCI and AD patients, and it is the first to demonstrate their similar effectiveness on maintaining cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fonte
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Smania
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Pedrinolla
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniele Munari
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Gandolfi
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Picelli
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Varalta
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria V. Benetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Brugnera
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Federico
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Tamburin
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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237
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Bubbico G, Chiacchiaretta P, Parenti M, di Marco M, Panara V, Sepede G, Ferretti A, Perrucci MG. Effects of Second Language Learning on the Plastic Aging Brain: Functional Connectivity, Cognitive Decline, and Reorganization. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:423. [PMID: 31156360 PMCID: PMC6529595 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning a new language requires the use of extensive neural networks and can represent a powerful tool to reorganize brain neuroplasticity. In this study, we analyze how a 4 months long second language learning program (16, 2 h sessions) can lead to functional changes in the brain of healthy elderly individuals. A large number of studies point out a decline of brain-skills with age; here it is analyzed how cognition together with functional brain organization can be improved later in life. Twenty-six older adults (59-79 years old) were enrolled in the present study. A complete neuropsychological examination was administered before and after the intervention to measure global cognition levels, short- and long-term memory, attention, language access and executive functions. At the end of the program, in the intervention group, the results showed a significant improvement in global cognition together with an increased functional connectivity in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), right superior frontal gyrus (rSFG) and left superior parietal lobule (lSPL). These findings can be added to the current neurobiological breakthroughs of reshaping brain networks with a short language learning practice in healthy elderly subjects. Therefore, learning a foreign-language may represent a potentially helpful cognitive intervention for promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Bubbico
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Parenti
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcin di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Panara
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging and Therapy, Radiology Division, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, “SS Annunziata” Hospital, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianna Sepede
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University “A. Moro” Bari, Chieti, Italy
- National Health Trust, Department of Mental Health, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferretti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mauro Gianni Perrucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Food knowledge depends upon the integrity of both sensory and functional properties: a VBM, TBSS and DTI tractography study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7439. [PMID: 31092880 PMCID: PMC6520382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Food constitutes a fuel of life for human beings. It is therefore of chief importance that their recognition system readily identifies the most relevant properties of food by drawing on semantic memory. One of the most relevant properties to be considered is the level of processing impressed by humans on food. We hypothesized that recognition of raw food capitalizes on sensory properties and that of transformed food on functional properties, consistently with the hypothesis of a sensory-functional organization of semantic knowledge. To test this hypothesis, patients with Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, primary progressive aphasia, and healthy controls performed lexical-semantic tasks with food (raw and transformed) and non-food (living and nonliving) stimuli. Correlations between task performance and local grey matter concentration (VBM) and white matter fractional anisotropy (TBSS) led to two main findings. First, recognition of raw food and living things implicated occipital cortices, typically involved in processing sensory information and, second, recognition of processed food and nonliving things implicated the middle temporal gyrus and surrounding white matter tracts, regions that have been associated with functional properties. In conclusion, the present study confirms and extends the hypothesis of a sensory and a functional organization of semantic knowledge.
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239
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Bault N, di Pellegrino G, Puppi M, Opolczynski G, Monti A, Braghittoni D, Thibaut F, Rustichini A, Coricelli G. Dissociation between Private and Social Counterfactual Value Signals Following Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:639-656. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Individuals learn by comparing the outcome of chosen and unchosen actions. A negative counterfactual value signal is generated when this comparison is unfavorable. This can happen in private as well as in social settings—where the foregone outcome results from the choice of another person. We hypothesized that, despite sharing similar features such as supporting learning, these two counterfactual signals might implicate distinct brain networks. We conducted a neuropsychological study on the role of private and social counterfactual value signals in risky decision-making. Patients with lesions in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), lesion controls, and healthy controls repeatedly chose between lotteries. In private trials, participants could observe the outcomes of their choices and the outcomes of the unselected lotteries. In social trials, participants could also see the other player's choices and outcome. At the time of outcome, vmPFC patients were insensitive to private counterfactual value signals, whereas their responses to social comparison were similar to those of control participants. At the time of choice, intact vmPFC was necessary to integrate counterfactual signals in decisions, although amelioration was observed during the course of the task, possibly driven by social trials. We conclude that if the vmPFC is critical in processing private counterfactual signals and in integrating those signals in decision-making, then distinct brain areas might support the processing of social counterfactual signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Giorgio Coricelli
- University of Trento, Mattarello, Italy
- University of Southern California
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De Marchi F, Sarnelli MF, Solara V, Bersano E, Cantello R, Mazzini L. Depression and risk of cognitive dysfunctions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2019; 139:438-445. [PMID: 30712314 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not only a motor disorder: More than 50% of patients have cognitive dysfunctions over the course of the disease. At the same time, mood disorders may also occur in ALS patients following diagnosis due to the fatal prognosis; however, little data are available on any depression beforehand. Starting from these considerations, the aim of our study was to investigate the occurrence of depression in Italian ALS patients prior to diagnosis, evaluating its prevalence in the subjects who have developed cognitive dysfunctions and in those who did not. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 318 patients, establishing the presence of depression in the 5 years before ALS diagnosis. Patients underwent a complete battery of neuropsychological tests with the aim to evaluate the executive functions, behavior, language, and memory. RESULTS Before diagnosis, 40 patients with ALS had been diagnosed with depression: Among them, 29 patients had cognitive impairment over the course of the disease and only 11 did not develop any cognitive alteration (OR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.26-1.66, adjusted for sex, age, and disease phenotype, P: 0.038). Moreover, there is a significant difference in survival time between ALS patients with depression before ALS, compared to ALS patients without previous depression (P: 0.006). CONCLUSIONS We reported a high prevalence of depression in the past in patients with ALS and cognitive impairment, as compared to patients without cognitive deficits, showing also that patients with both had a shorter survival time. These aspects require multidisciplinary approach at disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
| | | | - Valentina Solara
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
| | - Enrica Bersano
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
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241
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Venturelli M, Villa F, Ruzzante F, Tarperi C, Rudi D, Milanese C, Cavedon V, Fonte C, Picelli A, Smania N, Calabria E, Skafidas S, Layec G, Schena F. Neuromuscular and Muscle Metabolic Functions in MELAS Before and After Resistance Training: A Case Study. Front Physiol 2019; 10:503. [PMID: 31105594 PMCID: PMC6498991 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and recurrent stroke-like episodes syndrome (MELAS) is a rare degenerative disease. Recent studies have shown that resistant training (RT) can ameliorate muscular force in mitochondrial diseases. However, the effects of RT in MELAS are unknown. The aim of this case report was to investigate the effects of RT on skeletal muscle and mitochondrial function in a 21-years old patient with MELAS. RT included 12 weeks of RT at 85% of 1 repetition maximum. Body composition (DXA), in vivo mitochondrial respiration capacity (mVO2) utilizing Near-infrared spectroscopy on the right plantar-flexor muscles, maximal voluntary torque (MVC), electrically evoked resting twitch (EET) and maximal voluntary activation (VMA) of the right leg extensors (LE) muscles were measured with the interpolated twitch technique. The participant with MELAS exhibited a marked increase in body mass (1.4 kg) and thigh muscle mass (0.3 kg). After the training period MVC (+5.5 Nm), EET (+2.1 N⋅m) and VMA (+13.1%) were ameliorated. Data of mVO2 revealed negligible changes in the end-exercise mVO2 (0.02 mM min-1), Δ mVO2 (0.09 mM min-1), while there was a marked amelioration in the kinetics of mVO2 (τ mVO2; Δ70.2 s). This is the first report of RT-induced ameliorations on skeletal muscle and mitochondrial function in MELAS. This case study suggests a preserved plasticity in the skeletal muscle of a patient with MELAS. RT appears to be an effective method to increase skeletal muscle function, and this effect is mediated by both neuromuscular and mitochondrial adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Federica Villa
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Ruzzante
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cantor Tarperi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Doriana Rudi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Cavedon
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Fonte
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Picelli
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Smania
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Calabria
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Spyros Skafidas
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gwenael Layec
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, United States
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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242
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Salsone M, Arabia G, Manfredini L, Quattrone A, Chiriaco C, Vescio B, Sturniolo M, Morelli M, Nistico' R, Novellino F, Gambardella A, Quattrone A. REM-Sleep Behavior Disorder in Patients With Essential Tremor: What Is Its Clinical Significance? Front Neurol 2019; 10:315. [PMID: 31068885 PMCID: PMC6491751 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is an important risk factor for the dementia development and for the deterioration of autonomic functions in patients with Parkinson's Disease. RBD has also been reported in patients with Essential Tremor (ET). However, its clinical significance in ET remains still unknown. We aimed to investigate clinical, neuropsychological and cardiac autonomic scintigraphic differences between ET patients with and without RBD. Methods: To assess RBD symptoms, RBD Single-Question has been administered in a cohort of 55 patients with a clinical diagnosis of ET. Patients with clinical RBD underwent polysomnography (PSG) confirmation. All patients completed a battery of neuropsychological assessment of memory, executive function, attention, language, and visuospatial function. Cardiac MIBG scintigraphy was performed in order to measure the cardiac autonomic innervation. Results: Ten ET patients (18%) had a PSG-confirmed RBD (ETRBD+). Compared to ET patients without RBD (ETRBD−), significantly reduced scores on memory domain tests such as Rey auditory verbal learning test immediate recall (p = 0.015) and Rey auditory verbal learning test delayed recall (p = 0.004) and phonemic fluency test (p = 0.028) were present in ETRBD+. By contrast, no other significant clinical difference has emerged from the comparison between two ET groups. Similarly, ETRBD+ patients have cardiac MIBG tracer uptake in the normal value range as occurred in those with ETRBD−. Conclusions: This study improves the knowledge on clinical significance of RBD symptoms in ET patients. Our preliminary findings demonstrate that presence of RBD in ET is associated with neurocognitive impairment, but not with cardiac autonomic dysfunction. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether ET patients with RBD will develop a frank dementia over the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salsone
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennarina Arabia
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Manfredini
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmelina Chiriaco
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Sturniolo
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio Morelli
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Nistico'
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabiana Novellino
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Quattrone
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy.,Neuroscience Center, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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243
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Cecchini MP, Federico A, Zanini A, Mantovani E, Masala C, Tinazzi M, Tamburin S. Olfaction and taste in Parkinson's disease: the association with mild cognitive impairment and the single cognitive domain dysfunction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 126:585-595. [PMID: 30911822 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-01996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and chemosensory dysfunction are non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but their association is unclear. We explored if MCI and the involvement of single cognitive domains influence olfaction and taste in PD. The role of demographic, clinical and neuropsychiatric variables was tested. We recruited 50 PD patients without dementia, no other reasons for cognitive impairment, no condition that could influence evaluation of cognition, olfaction and taste. They underwent a full neuropsychological and chemosensory (i.e., olfaction and taste) test with the Sniffin' Sticks Extended test (SSET), Whole Mouth test (WMT) and Taste Strips test (TST). Fifty age- and sex-matched healthy subjects served as controls. Olfactory function and sweet identification were worse in PD than controls. MCI negatively influenced odor identification. Factors associated with poor olfactory function were age, overall cognition, apathy, and visuospatial dysfunction. Sour identification was affected by MCI and executive dysfunction, and salty identification by executive dysfunction. MCI, age and executive dysfunction worsened TST score. Awareness of olfactory dysfunction was impaired in PD with MCI. Education positively influenced SSET and TST scores. Our data confirmed that olfaction is abnormal in PD, while taste was only slightly impaired. Olfaction was worse in PD patients with visuospatial dysfunction, while sour and salty identification was worse in those with MCI and executive dysfunction, suggesting different underlying anatomical abnormalities. Future studies should incorporate neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid data to confirm this hypothesis. SSET odor identification and TST sour identification could be explored as quick screening tests for PD-MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Cecchini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Angela Federico
- Section of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Zanini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantovani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Carla Masala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Tinazzi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Tamburin
- Section of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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244
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Ambron E, Beschin N, Cerrone C, Della Sala S. Closing-In Behavior and Motor Distractibility in Persons with Brain Injury. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGISTS 2019; 34:214-221. [PMID: 29688299 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates closing-in behavior (CIB), a phenomenon observed in graphic copying tasks when responses encroach upon or overlap the model. The behavior is most common amongst individuals with dementia and amongst pre-school children. We explored the relationship between CIB and the 'distractor effect' in reaching, whereby salient visual stimuli can influence the spatial trajectory of the reach. METHOD A group of individuals with overlap-CIB (n = 9), without CIB (n = 9) and healthy controls (HC; n = 6) underwent a task-irrelevant and a task-relevant distractors and the deviation of the movement trajectory towards the distractor location was measured in both tasks. RESULTS Individuals with graphic CIB showed more distractor-directed veering during reaching than did individuals without CIB or HC, provided that the distractor was relevant for the reaching task. CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the relationship between CIB and the distractor effect and reinforce the hypothesis that CIB represents a disinhibited tendency to act towards the focus of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Ambron
- Laboratory for Cognition and Neural Stimulation, Neurology Department, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3710 Hamilton Walk, PA, Philadelphia
| | - Nicoletta Beschin
- Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Rehabilitation Department, Hospital S. Antonio Abate Gallarate, Varese, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerrone
- Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Rehabilitation Department, Hospital S. Antonio Abate Gallarate, Varese, Italy
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Center of Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK
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245
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Aiello M, Terenzi D, Furlanis G, Catalan M, Manganotti P, Eleopra R, Belgrado E, Rumiati RI. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and the temporal discounting of primary and secondary rewards. J Neurol 2019; 266:1113-1119. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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246
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D'Onofrio G, Panza F, Sancarlo D, Addante F, Solfrizzi V, Cantarini C, Mangiacotti A, Lauriola M, Cascavilla L, Paris F, Lozupone M, Daniele A, Greco A, Seripa D. Executive Dysfunction Detected with the Frontal Assessment Battery in Alzheimer's Disease Versus Vascular Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:699-711. [PMID: 29480171 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) lead to progressive decline in executive function. We estimated the prevalence of executive dysfunction in AD and VaD patients, investigating cognitive, functional, and clinical correlates and also using a multidimensional approach based on a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). We included 215 patients (115 AD patients and 100 VaD patients) consecutively evaluated with a complete cognitive and affective assessment, a CGA, and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) with six subtests investigating conceptualization, mental flexibility, motor programming, sensitivity to interference, inhibitory control, and environmental autonomy. The prevalence of dysexecutive syndrome screened with a FAB score <12 points was high in both AD (97 patients) and VaD (77 patients) (84.3% versus 77.0%, p = 0.171). AD patients were significantly younger, with higher grade of cognitive impairment and less severe comorbidity and polypharmacy than VaD patients. AD patients showed a significantly higher impairment in FAB total score and five FAB subtests (conceptualization, motor programming, sensitivity to interference, inhibitory control, and environmental autonomy) than VaD patients. These findings were largely confirmed in a sub-analysis conducted subdividing the sample in mild and moderate-to-severe demented patients and suggesting that in moderate-to-severe AD there was higher impairment in FAB total score and four FAB subtests (conceptualization, sensitivity to interference, inhibitory control, and environmental autonomy). Executive dysfunction could be greater in AD patients with moderate-to-severe dementia compared to VaD patients, although our groups were also not matched for age, comorbidity or polypharmacy, which could also exert an effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia D'Onofrio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.,Department of Basic Medicine, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniele Sancarlo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Addante
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Cantarini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Mangiacotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Lauriola
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Leandro Cascavilla
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Paris
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Basic Medicine, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric Unit and Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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247
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Siciliano M, Chiorri C, Passaniti C, Sant'Elia V, Trojano L, Santangelo G. Comparison of alternate and original forms of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): an Italian normative study. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:691-702. [PMID: 30637545 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-3700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening test widely used in clinical practice and suited for detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment. Alternate forms of the MoCA were developed to avoid "learning effect" in serial assessments, and the present study aimed at investigating inter-form parallelism and at providing normative values for the Italian versions of MoCAs 2 and 3. METHOD Three separate convenience samples were recruited: the first (n = 78) completed three alternate MoCA versions for ascertaining inter-form parallelism; the second (n = 302) and the third (n = 413) samples were administered MoCA 2 or 3 to compute normative data. RESULTS A three-step procedure complemented by confirmatory factor analysis and a mixed factorial ANOVA suggested that the three MoCA versions are not strictly parallel. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age and education significantly influenced MoCA 2 and 3 total scores. No significant effect of sex was found. From the derived linear equation, correction grids for MoCA 2 and 3 raw scores were built and equivalent scores computed. Inferential cutoff for adjusted scores, estimated using a non-parametric technique, were 17.49 for MoCA 2 and 18.34 for MoCA 3. Correlation analysis showed strong correlations of MoCA 2 (r = 0.69, p < .001) and MoCA 3 (r = 0.61, p < .001) adjusted total scores with MMSE adjusted scores. CONCLUSION The three MoCA forms are not strictly parallel. Specifically developed normative data must be adopted for using MoCA in serial cognitive assessments for clinical and research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Siciliano
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences - MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Carlo Chiorri
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carla Passaniti
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Valeria Sant'Elia
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Santangelo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy
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248
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Adenzato M, Manenti R, Enrici I, Gobbi E, Brambilla M, Alberici A, Cotelli MS, Padovani A, Borroni B, Cotelli M. Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances theory of mind in Parkinson's disease patients with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study. Transl Neurodegener 2019; 8:1. [PMID: 30627430 PMCID: PMC6322239 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s Disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (PD-MCI) represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been demonstrated to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD, to date, no study has investigated the effects of tDCS on Theory of Mind (ToM), i.e., the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours, in PD-MCI. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study, we applied active tDCS over the medial frontal cortex (MFC) to modulate ToM performance in twenty patients with PD-MCI. Twenty matched healthy controls (HC) were also enrolled and were asked to perform the ToM task without receiving tDCS. Results In the patients with PD-MCI, i) ToM performance was worse than that in the HC, ii) ToM abilities were poorer in those with fronto-executive difficulties, and iii) tDCS over the MFC led to significant shortening of latency for ToM tasks. Conclusions We show for the first time that active tDCS over the MFC enhances ToM in patients with PD-MCI, and suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation could be used to ameliorate ToM deficits observed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Adenzato
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosa Manenti
- 3Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ivan Enrici
- 4Department of Philosophy and Educational Sciences, University of Turin, via Gaudenzio Ferrari 9, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Gobbi
- 3Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Brambilla
- 3Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Alberici
- 5Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Cotelli
- 5Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- 5Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- 5Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Cotelli
- 3Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio - Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
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249
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Beyond Cognitive Rehabilitation: Immersive but Noninvasive Treatment for Elderly. LECTURE NOTES OF THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES, SOCIAL INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25872-6_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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250
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Ortelli P, Ferrazzoli D, Zarucchi M, Maestri R, Frazzitta G. Asymmetric Dopaminergic Degeneration and Attentional Resources in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:972. [PMID: 30618591 PMCID: PMC6304447 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Attention is crucial to voluntary perform actions in Parkinson's disease (PD), allowing patients to bypass the impaired habitual motor control. The asymmetrical degeneration of the dopaminergic system could affect the attentional functions. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the asymmetric dopaminergic degeneration and the attentional resources in Parkinsonian patients with right-side (RPD) and left-side (LPD) motor symptoms predominance. Methods: 50 RPD, 50 LPD, and 34 healthy controls underwent visual (V), auditory (A), and multiple choices (MC) reaction time (RTs) tasks. For PD patients, these tasks were performed before and after a 4-week intensive, motor-cognitive rehabilitation treatment (MIRT). The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated assessing Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III and Timed-up and Go Test (TUG). Results: RTs did not differ between PD patients and healthy controls. Before MIRT, no differences between LPD and RPD patients were observed in RTs (p = 0.20), UPDRS III (p = 0.60), and TUG (p = 0.38). No differences in dopaminergic medication were found between groups (p = 0.44 and p = 0.66 before and after MIRT, respectively). After MIRT, LPD patients showed a significant reduction in MC RTs (p = 0.05), V RTs (p = 0.02), and MC-V RTs. A significant association between changes in RTs and improvements in UPDRS III and TUG was observed in LPD patients. Conclusion: attention does not differ among RPD patients, LPD patients and healthy controls. Only LPD patients improved their performances on attentional tasks after MIRT. We argue that the increased early susceptibility of the left nigrostriatal system to degeneration affects differently the cognitive modifiability and the neuroplastic potential. Our results could provide insight into new therapeutic approaches, highlighting the importance to design different treatments for RPD patients and LPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ortelli
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Moriggia-Pelascini Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Davide Ferrazzoli
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Moriggia-Pelascini Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Marianna Zarucchi
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Moriggia-Pelascini Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Roberto Maestri
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Biomedical Engineering Unit of Montescano Institute, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frazzitta
- Department of Parkinson's Disease, Movement Disorders and Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Moriggia-Pelascini Hospital, Como, Italy
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