201
|
Gupta S, Mitra A. Heal the heart through gut (hormone) ghrelin: a potential player to combat heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 26:417-435. [PMID: 33025414 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-10032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin, a small peptide hormone (28 aa), secreted mainly by X/A-like cells of gastric mucosa, is also locally produced in cardiomyocytes. Being an orexigenic factor (appetite stimulant), it promotes release of growth hormone (GH) and exerts diverse physiological functions, viz. regulation of energy balance, glucose, and/or fat metabolism for body weight maintenance. Interestingly, administration of exogenous ghrelin significantly improves cardiac functions in CVD patients as well as experimental animal models of heart failure. Ghrelin ameliorates pathophysiological condition of the heart in myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, cachexia, and ischemia reperfusion injury. This peptide also exerts significant impact at the level of vasculature leading to lowering high blood pressure and reversal of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanism of actions elucidating the healing effects of ghrelin on the cardiovascular system is still a matter of conjecture. Some experimental data indicate its beneficial effects via complex cellular cross talks between autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular cells, some other suggest more direct receptor-mediated molecular actions via autophagy or ionotropic regulation and interfering with apoptotic and inflammatory pathways of cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Here, in this review, we summarise available recent data to encourage more research to find the missing links of unknown ghrelin receptor-mediated pathways as we see ghrelin as a future novel therapy in cardiovascular protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Gupta
- Department of Zoology, Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, Paschim Bardhaman, 713347, India
| | - Arkadeep Mitra
- Department of Zoology, City College , 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, India.
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Chen J, Lodi R, Zhang S, Su Z, Wu Y, Xia L. The double-edged role of IL-22 in organ fibrosis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:392-399. [PMID: 32689851 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1799388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is unregulated tissue repair in damaged or diseased organs, and the accumulation of excess extracellular matrix (ECM) impacts the structure and functions of organs, leading to death. Fibrosis is usually triggered by inflammation and tissue damage, and inflammatory mediators stimulate the proliferation of myofibroblasts and the excessive production of ECM. The IL-10 family cytokines play important roles in the development of fibrosis, and its member IL-22 has recently attracted specific attention. IL-22 plays great roles in preventing pathogens invasion and tissue damage, as well as making a contribution to pathogenic processes. Increasing evidence suggested that IL-22 is a key molecule in tissue repair, proliferation and mucosal barrier defense, and it has also been suggested to play both pro-fibrotic and anti-fibrotic roles in tissues. In this review, we summarized the pro-fibrotic and anti-fibrotic functions of IL-22 in various organs which may be of great significance for the development of potential therapeutic strategies for fibrosis-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Shiqing Zhang
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Central Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lin Xia
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Zhu Y, Zou C, Jia Y, Zhang H, Ma X, Zhang J. Knockdown of circular RNA circMAT2B reduces oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced inflammatory injury in H9c2 cells through up-regulating miR-133. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2622-2630. [PMID: 32897801 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1814025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Reperfusion ways can cause damage to cardiomyocytes. CircMAT2B, a novel circRNA, takes positive roles in regulating glucose metabolism under hypoxia. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of circMAT2B on MI. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced H9c2 cell model was employed to stimulate MI. Ex-circMAT2B, si-circMAT2B, miR-133 inhibitor and relative control were transfected into H9c2 cells. qRT-PCR was employed to examine levels of circMAT2B and miR-133. Cell activity, apoptosis, ROS generation and release of inflammatory factors were assessed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, ROS species assay kit and ELISA, respectively. Moreover, the expression of apoptosis-related and pathway-related factors was detected through western blot analysis. The results showed that circMAT2B expression was notably up-regulated by OGD treatment. Moreover, circMAT2B knockdown could effectively decrease OGD-induced the increasing of apoptosis, ROS generation and the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Besides, miR-133 was positively regulated by si-circMAT2B. CircMAT2B knockdown attenuated OGD-induced H9c2 cell damage and alleviated OGD-induced the inhibition of PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK pathways through up-regulating miR-133. In brief, circMAT2B knockdown works as an inflammatory inhibitor in OGD-induced H9c2 cells inflammatory injury through up-regulating miR-133.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengwei Zou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanting Jia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haizhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaochun Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University , Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Parama D, Boruah M, Yachna K, Rana V, Banik K, Harsha C, Thakur KK, Dutta U, Arya A, Mao X, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, and its analogs: Effective therapies against different chronic diseases. Life Sci 2020; 260:118182. [PMID: 32781063 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic diseases are a major cause of mortality worldwide, and despite the recent development in treatment modalities, synthetic drugs have continued to show toxic side effects and development of chemoresistance, thereby limiting their application. The use of phytochemicals has gained attention as they show minimal side effects. Diosgenin is one such phytochemical which has gained importance for its efficacy against the life-threatening diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, nervous system disorders, asthma, arthritis, diabetes, and many more. AIM To evaluate the literature available on the potential of diosgenin and its analogs in modulating different molecular targets leading to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. METHOD A detailed literature search has been carried out on PubMed for gathering information related to the sources, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, biological activities, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and toxicity of diosgenin and its analogs. KEY FINDINGS The literature search resulted in many in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials that reported the efficacy of diosgenin and its analogs in modulating important molecular targets and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK, etc., which play a crucial role in the development of most of the diseases. Reports have also revealed the safety of the compound and the adaptation of nanotechnological approaches for enhancing its bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, the review summarizes the efficacy of diosgenin and its analogs for developing as a potent drug against several chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Monikongkona Boruah
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Kumari Yachna
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam 781001, India
| | - Aditya Arya
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Cardioprotective effects of memantine in myocardial ischemia: Ex vivo and in vivo studies. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173277. [PMID: 32544502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) refers to the loss of cardiomyocytes due to inadequate coronary blood flow and subsequently a reduced oxygen supply. Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been linked to myocardial infarction. The aim of the present study was to determine the cardioprotective effects of memantine, in myocardial infarction both in ex vivo and in vivo models. Effects of memantine on the electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern, cardiodynamic parameters, infarct size and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in the isolated perfused rat heart. Moreover, in in vivo studies in rats, the protective effects of memantine on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction model (administration of 100 mg/kg isoproterenol subcutaneously for 2 consecutive days) was evaluated by measuring ECG pattern, mean arterial pressure, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, cardiac tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level and cardiac remodeling. The results from the ex vivo isolated perfused heart showed that memantine treatment increased heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular maximal rate of pressure increase, and decreased cardiac arrhythmia, MDA level and infarct size in comparison to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group. The isoproterenol-induced MI (Iso) as used in the in vivo model demonstrated that MDA levels and MPO activity were decreased in memantine groups. Memantine treatment reduced the expression of cardiac TNF-α in comparison to Iso group. Cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy were lower in memantine groups. In conclusion, memantine exerts cardioprotective effects in models of myocardial infarction, which may be attributed to reduction of pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress factors and subsequently a decrease in cardiac remodeling.
Collapse
|
206
|
Wasserman AH, Venkatesan M, Aguirre A. Bioactive Lipid Signaling in Cardiovascular Disease, Development, and Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:E1391. [PMID: 32503253 PMCID: PMC7349721 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death globally. Understanding and characterizing the biochemical context of the cardiovascular system in health and disease is a necessary preliminary step for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring cardiovascular function. Bioactive lipids are a class of dietary-dependent, chemically heterogeneous lipids with potent biological signaling functions. They have been intensively studied for their roles in immunity, inflammation, and reproduction, among others. Recent advances in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques have revealed a staggering number of novel bioactive lipids, most of them unknown or very poorly characterized in a biological context. Some of these new bioactive lipids play important roles in cardiovascular biology, including development, inflammation, regeneration, stem cell differentiation, and regulation of cell proliferation. Identifying the lipid signaling pathways underlying these effects and uncovering their novel biological functions could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at CVD and cardiovascular regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H. Wasserman
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Manigandan Venkatesan
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Regenerative Biology and Cell Reprogramming Laboratory, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (A.H.W.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Li M, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Li Q, Huang H. Identification of Post-myocardial Infarction Blood Expression Signatures Using Multiple Feature Selection Strategies. Front Physiol 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 32581823 PMCID: PMC7287215 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a type of serious heart attack in which the blood flow to the heart is suddenly interrupted, resulting in injury to the heart muscles due to a lack of oxygen supply. Although clinical diagnosis methods can be used to identify the occurrence of MI, using the changes of molecular markers or characteristic molecules in blood to characterize the early phase and later trend of MI will help us choose a more reasonable treatment plan. Previously, comparative transcriptome studies focused on finding differentially expressed genes between MI patients and healthy people. However, signature molecules altered in different phases of MI have not been well excavated. We developed a set of computational approaches integrating multiple machine learning algorithms, including Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS), incremental feature selection (IFS), and support vector machine (SVM), to identify gene expression characteristics on different phases of MI. 134 genes were determined to serve as features for building optimal SVM classifiers to distinguish acute MI and post-MI. Subsequently, functional enrichment analyses followed by protein-protein interaction analysis on 134 genes identified several hub genes (IL1R1, TLR2, and TLR4) associated with progression of MI, which can be used as new diagnostic molecules for MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Integrating Literature-Based Knowledge Database and Expression Data to Explore Molecular Pathways Connecting PPARG and Myocardial Infarction. PPAR Res 2020; 2020:1892375. [PMID: 32565767 PMCID: PMC7284928 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1892375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) might play a protective role in the development of myocardial infarction (MI) with limited mechanisms identified. Genes associated with both PPARG and MI were extracted from Elsevier Pathway Studio to construct the initial network. The gene expression activity within the network was estimated through a mega-analysis with eight independent expression datasets derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to build PPARG and MI connecting pathways. After that, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore the functional profile of the genes involved in the PPARG-driven network. PPARG demonstrated a significantly low expression in MI patients (LFC = −0.52; p < 1.84e − 9). Consequently, PPARG could indicatively be promoting three MI inhibitors (e.g., SOD1, CAV1, and POU5F1) and three MI-downregulated markers (e.g., ALB, ACADM, and ADIPOR2), which were deactivated in MI cases (p < 0.05), and inhibit two MI-upregulated markers (RELA and MYD88), which showed increased expression levels in MI cases (p = 0.0077 and 0.047, respectively). These eight genes were mainly enriched in nutrient- and cell metabolic-related pathways and functionally linked by GSEA and PPCN. Our results suggest that PPARG could protect the heart against both the development and progress of MI through the regulation of nutrient- and metabolic-related pathways.
Collapse
|
209
|
Saqib F, Mujahid K, Aslam MA, Modhi A, Moga MA, Bobescu E, Marceanu L. Ex vivo and in vivo studies of Viola tricolor Linn. as potential cardio protective and hypotensive agent: Inhibition of voltage-gated Ca ++ ion channels. FASEB J 2020; 34:9102-9119. [PMID: 32475023 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000658r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Viola tricolor Linn. is used as cardio-protective and anti-hypertensive agent in traditional medicine. Current study objective was to evaluate cardio-protective and hypotensive effects of Viola tricolor L. in vitro and in vivo studies. Viola tricolor L. crude extract (Vt.Cr) and its fractions (Aqueous and organic) were tested at rabbit atria and aorta coupled to Power Lab Data Acquisition System for cardio depressant and vasorelaxant effects in vitro whereas in vivo Blood Pressure was checked by invasive method in normotensive ketamine-diazepam anesthetized rats. Isoproterenol was employed for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) development and cardioprotective effects of Vt.Cr were evaluated hemodynamically and histopathologically. Vt.Cr and its fractions decreased heart rate and contractile force in paired atria and relaxed Phenylephrine (1 µM) and K+ (80 mM) stimulated contractions in aorta possibly mediated through Voltage dependent L-type calcium channels blockage supported by in vivo hypotensive action. In LVH, Vt.Cr lowered Angiotensin Converting Enzymes and renin, increased cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate and nitric oxide levels, decreased cardiomyocytes size and fibrosis attributed to Gallic acid as detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Partial positive results were seen hemodynamically and histologically in AMI Viola tricolor L. showed vasorelaxant, cardio-relaxant, hypotensive, and cardio protective effect validating traditional practice in cardiovascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Khizra Mujahid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Alotaibi Modhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elena Bobescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Luigi Marceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Tian X, Zuo Y, Chen S, Li H, He Y, Zhang L, An J, Wu S, Luo Y, Wang A. Association of changes in lipids with risk of myocardial infarction among people without lipid-lowering therapy. Atherosclerosis 2020; 301:69-78. [PMID: 32388104 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although serum lipids are widely accepted as independent predictors of myocardial infarction (MI), there is insufficient evidence for associations of changes in lipid levels with MI. The present study aimed at investigating the associations between changes in lipids and incidence of MI in people without lipid-lowering therapy. METHODS 64,031 Chinese participants (mean age: 53.42 ± 11.95 years) without previous MI were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into four categories based on quartiles of lipid changes. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MI. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 7.03 years, 599 individuals developed MI. After adjustment for covariates, increased total cholesterol (TC), increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increased non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were associated with elevated risk of MI, with HRs (95% CIs) in the highest quartile group compared with the lowest quartile group of 1.56 (1.21-2.01), 1.96 (1.49-2.57), 1.95 (1.52-2.50), and 0.69 (0.53-0.90), respectively. However, changes in triglyceride (TG) were not associated with MI risk (p = 0.8030). CONCLUSIONS Changes in levels of TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and HDL-C, but not TG, were associated with risk of MI. Early detection and control of lipid levels may be beneficial and necessary for young people and those with healthy lipid levels at baseline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yingting Zuo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ji An
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan, China.
| | - Yanxia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Long Noncoding RNA SOX2-OT Exacerbates Hypoxia-Induced Cardiomyocytes Injury by Regulating miR-27a-3p/TGF βR1 Axis. Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:2016259. [PMID: 32528555 PMCID: PMC7262654 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2016259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) was a severe cardiovascular disease resulted from acute, persistent hypoxia, or ischemia condition. Additionally, MI generally led to heart failure, even sudden death. A multitude of research studies proposed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) frequently participated in the regulation of heart diseases. The specific function and molecular mechanism of SOX2-OT in MI remained unclear. Aim of the Study. The current research was aimed to explore the role of SOX2-OT in MI. Methods Bioinformatics analysis (DIANA tools and Targetscan) and a wide range of experiments (CCK-8, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, luciferase reporter, RIP, caspase-3 activity, trans-well, and western blot assays) were adopted to investigate the function and mechanism of SOX2-OT. Results We discovered that hypoxia treatment decreased cell viability but increased cell apoptosis. Besides, lncRNA SOX2-OT expression was upregulated in hypoxic HCMs. Hereafter, we confirmed that SOX2-OT could negatively regulate miR-27a-3p levels by directly binding with miR-27a-3p, and miR-27a-3p also could negatively regulate SOX2-OT levels. Furthermore, knockdown of SOX2-OT promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but limited cell apoptosis. However, these effects were reversed by anti-miR-27a-5p. Besides, we verified that miR-27a-3p binding with the 3′UTR of TGFBR1 and SOX2-OT regulated TGFβR1 level by collaborating with miR-27a-3p in HCMs. Eventually, rescue assays validated that the influence of SOX2-OT silence or miR-27a-3p overexpression on cellular processes in cardiomyocytes injury was counteracted by TGFBR1 overexpression. Conclusions Long noncoding RNA SOX2-OT exacerbated hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes injury by regulating miR-27a-3p/TGFβR1 axis, which may provide a novel insight for heart failure treatment.
Collapse
|
212
|
Younis NS. D-Limonene mitigate myocardial injury in rats through MAPK/ERK/NF-κB pathway inhibition. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:259-266. [PMID: 32392917 PMCID: PMC7193911 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.3.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the primary reason of mortality, among which myocardial infarction (MI) is the most dominant and prevalent. This study was considered to examine D-Limonene protective action against isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI. Wister male rats were dispersed into four groups. Normal and D-Limonene control group in which rats administered saline or D-Limonene. ISO control animals were administered saline for 21 days then challenged with ISO (85 mg/kg, subcutaneously) on 20th and 21st day for MI induction. D-Limonene pretreated group in which animals were pretreated with D-Limonene 50 mg/kg orally for 21 days then administered ISO on 20th and 21st day. MI prompted variations were assessed by myocardial infarction area determination, blood pressure (BP) alterations, cardiac injury biomarkers and inflammatory mediators measurements. For more depth investigation, both the apoptotic status was evaluated via measuring mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK-ERK) signal transduction were investigated via Western blotting. MI group revealed significant infarcted area, blood pressure alterations, myocardial injury enzymes intensification together with inflammatory cytokines amplification. MI was associated with activation of MAPK-ERK signal pathway and apoptotic status within the myocardium. On the other hand, pretreated with D-Limonene demonstrated deterred infracted area, reduced myocardial enzymes, improved BP indices, lessened inflammatory levels. Furthermore, D-Limonene pretreatment caused a decline in MAPK proteins pathway and Bax relative mRNA expression, while intensifying Bcl-2 mRNA expression promoting that D-Limonene may constrain MI induced myocardial apoptosis. D-Limonene mitigated MI injury through MAPK/NF-κB pathway inhibition and anti-apoptotic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Safwat Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Wei X, Peng H, Deng M, Feng Z, Peng C, Yang D. MiR-703 protects against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury via inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:155-164. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09832-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
214
|
Sun GZ, Meng FJ, Cai HQ, Diao XB, Zhang B, Bai XP. Ginsenoside Rg3 protects heart against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by activating AMPK mediated autophagy. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:153-160. [PMID: 32420095 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2020.01.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Panax ginseng is a well-known medicinal herb that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating various diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) is thought to be one of the most important active ingredients of Panax ginseng. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of Rg3 has been elusive. Methods In the mouse heart injury model induced by isoproterenol (ISO), we used brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase-3 ELISA kits to test myocardium injury. To test whether Rg3 protects myocardial injury through AMPK mediated autophagy, we used specific AMPK inhibitor in combination with Rg3. NLRP3 inflammasome related molecules such as NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 were measured by western-blot following Rg3 treatment. Results We found that Rg3 significantly reduced ISO induced myocardial injury indicated by the downregulation of serum BNP and LDH. In addition, we showed that the improvement of myocardial injury by Rg3 was associated with enhanced expression of autophagy related protein and activation of AMPK downstream signaling pathway. Conclusions We observed that inhibition of AMPK significantly reversed the myocardial protective effect of Rg3, which is associated with a decrease of Rg3 induced autophagy. These together suggested that Rg3 may improve myocardial injury during MI through AMPK mediated autophagy. Our study also provides important translational evidence for using Rg3 in treating myocardial infarction (MI).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Zhi Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fan-Ji Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Huai-Qiu Cai
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xue-Bo Diao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Hotham WE, Henson FMD. The use of large animals to facilitate the process of MSC going from laboratory to patient-'bench to bedside'. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 36:103-114. [PMID: 32206986 PMCID: PMC7196082 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Large animal models have been widely used to facilitate the translation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the laboratory to patient. MSC, with their multi-potent capacity, have been proposed to have therapeutic benefits in a number of pathological conditions. Laboratory studies allow the investigation of cellular and molecular interactions, while small animal models allow initial 'proof of concept' experiments. Large animals (dogs, pigs, sheep, goats and horses) are more similar physiologically and structurally to man. These models have allowed clinically relevant assessments of safety, efficacy and dosing of different MSC sources prior to clinical trials. In this review, we recapitulate the use of large animal models to facilitate the use of MSC to treat myocardial infarction-an example of one large animal model being considered the 'gold standard' for research and osteoarthritis-an example of the complexities of using different large animal models in a multifactorial disease. These examples show how large animals can provide a research platform that can be used to evaluate the value of cell-based therapies and facilitate the process of 'bench to bedside'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W E Hotham
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - F M D Henson
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, UK
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Qi L, Zhang J, Wu K, Shi S, Ji Q, Miao H, Que B. IL-19 as a Biomarker for the Severity of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:160-166. [PMID: 32111500 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-19 (IL-19) has been shown to be involved in coronary artery diseases and atherosclerosis, while its expression in myocardial infarction is poorly understood. In this study, the dynamic increase in circulating IL-19 in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients was detected. METHOD Both plasma IL-19 levels and IL-19 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from STEMI patients and chest pain syndrome (CPS) patients were detected at different time points, including 1 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after treatment and on admission. RESULTS Compared with the CPS patients, IL-19 levels and IL-19 gene expression were significantly increased in STEMI patients and peaked at 1 d. From 1-14 d, refocusing treatment, including emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombolysis, markedly reduced IL-19 expression and promoted its recovery; of the treatments, the effect of emergency PCI was most significant. In addition, similar trends were also observed with cTnI, NT-proBNP and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that IL-19 levels were positively correlated with cTnI, NT-proBNP, CRP levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in STEMI patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-19 is correlated with the severity of acute myocardial infarction, which may be a new idea for the clinical treatment of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kui Wu
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shutian Shi
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwei Ji
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huangtai Miao
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Que
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Aluganti Narasimhulu C, Singla DK. The Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (BMP-7) in Inflammation in Heart Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020280. [PMID: 31979268 PMCID: PMC7073173 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-7 is (BMP-7) is a potent anti-inflammatory growth factor belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It plays an important role in various biological processes, including embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, neurogenesis and skeletal morphogenesis. BMP-7 stimulates the target cells by binding to specific membrane-bound receptor BMPR 2 and transduces signals through mothers against decapentaplegic (Smads) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. To date, rhBMP-7 has been used clinically to induce the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells bordering the bone fracture site into chondrocytes, osteoclasts, the formation of new bone via calcium deposition and to stimulate the repair of bone fracture. However, its use in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetic cardiomyopathy is currently being explored. More importantly, these cardiovascular diseases are associated with inflammation and infiltrated monocytes where BMP-7 has been demonstrated to be a key player in the differentiation of pro-inflammatory monocytes, or M1 macrophages, into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which reduces developed cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of BMP-7 treatment in cardiovascular disease and its role as an anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory growth factor, which emphasizes its potential therapeutic significance in heart diseases.
Collapse
|
218
|
Irisin Improves Autophagy of Aged Hepatocytes via Increasing Telomerase Activity in Liver Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6946037. [PMID: 31976032 PMCID: PMC6959141 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6946037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An aged liver has decreased reparative capacity during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. A recent study showed that plasma irisin levels predict telomere length in healthy adults. The aim of the present study is to clarify the role of irisin, telomerase activity, and autophagy during hepatic IR in the elderly. To study this, hepatic IR was established in 22-month- and 3-month-old rats and primary hepatocytes were isolated. The results showed that the old rats exhibited more serious liver injury and lower levels of irisin expression, telomerase activity, autophagy ability, and mitochondrial function than young rats during hepatic IR. Irisin activated autophagy and improved mitochondrial function via increasing telomerase activity in aged hepatocytes. Inhibition of telomerase activity by BIBP1532 abolished the protective role of irisin in hepatocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Additionally, this study proved irisin increased the telomerase activity via inhibition of the phosphorylation of JNK during hepatic IR. Administration of exogenous irisin significantly mitigated the inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and liver injury in an old rat model of hepatic IR. In conclusion, irisin improves autophagy of aged hepatocytes via increasing telomerase activity in hepatic IR. Irisin exhibits conspicuous benefits in increasing reparative capacity of an aged liver during hepatic IR.
Collapse
|
219
|
Xing Y, Yang SD, Wang MM, Feng YS, Dong F, Zhang F. The Beneficial Role of Exercise Training for Myocardial Infarction Treatment in Elderly. Front Physiol 2020; 11:270. [PMID: 32390856 PMCID: PMC7194188 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, elderly people have a higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI), which is associated with body function aging and a sedentary lifestyle. In addition to medication, exercise training is a well-established supplementary method to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Substantial evidence has shown the value of different intensity exercise programs in the prevention and treatment of MI, and exercise rehabilitation programs are also applicable to elderly patients with MI. Although exercise rehabilitation programs could significantly improve function, quality of life (QoL), and lower mortality and morbidity for people with MI, such programs are underused because their mechanisms are not accurately elucidated. To promote the application of exercise therapy for MI, this review summarizes the benefits and mechanisms of exercise rehabilitation for post-MI patients and provides rationalized proposals for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Si-Dong Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Man-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Shuo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Orthopedic Biomechanics Key Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
|
221
|
Shamshirian A, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Abedi S, Jafarpour H, Fazli H, Hosseini S, Hessami A, Karimifar K, Yosefi S, Zahedi M, Motamen S, Ghorbanpour A, Zarandi B, Esfahani A, Rostamian-Moghaddam Y, Mehdipour S, Heydari K, Aghajanian S, Mehdi SP, Azad A, Azizi S. Levels of Blood Biomarkers among Patients with Myocardial Infarction in Comparison to Control Group. Ethiop J Health Sci 2020; 30:5-12. [PMID: 32116427 PMCID: PMC7036464 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) as a term for a heart attack happens due to reduced blood flow to heart myocardium and lack of oxygen supply caused by plaques in the interior walls of coronary arteries. With respect to the importance of MI etiology, we aimed to study the relationship of MI and blood examination variables. METHODS This study was conducted in Mazandaran Heart Center as a hospital-based case-control Comprising 894 participants including 465 cases and 429 controls, individually matched by sex and age. Considered blood markers were analyzed using routine laboratory methods and equipment. RESULTS Of all participants, 64.3% of the cases and 51.0% of the controls were males with a mean age of 61.2 (±13.8) in cases and 62.4 (±14.) in controls. We could not find any differences between cases and controls for total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) (P>0.05). However, levels of creatine-kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) (P<0.0001), fasting-blood-sugar (FBS) (P<0.0001), aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.0001), alanine-transferase (ALT) (P<0.0001) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P=0.001) were significantly higher in cases compared to the controls (P<0.05). Multivariable analyses revealed that the risk of MI was associated with high levels of AST (adjusted OR=24.3, 95%CI=3.5±165.6, P=0.001) and LDL (adjusted OR=7.4, 95%CI=1.0±51.8, P=0.001). CONCLUSION Our investigation indicated that the levels of CK-MB, FBS, AST, ALT and ESR were significantly higher in patients with MI. Besides, our findings showed that the risk of MI in cases with high levels of AST and LDL was about 24 and 7 times more than the control group respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shamshirian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Samira Abedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hamed Jafarpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hanieh Fazli
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Samira Hosseini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Hessami
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Keyvan Karimifar
- Student Research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sedighe Yosefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zahedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Sepideh Motamen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Ghorbanpour
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Bahman Zarandi
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Esfahani
- Student Research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Mehdipour
- Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Keyvan Heydari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Aghajanian
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Somayeh Pour Mehdi
- Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Alireza Azad
- Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Soheil Azizi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Mazandaran Heart Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Dai J, Ma J, Liao Y, Luo X, Chen G. Polydatin protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia-induced injury via up-regulating long non-coding RNA DGCR5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8834. [PMID: 31826181 PMCID: PMC6903803 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polydatin (PD), a monocrystalline polyphenolic drug mainly found in the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum, has various pharmacological activities. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 5 (DGCR5) was found to participate in the suppression of multiple cancers. Here, we proposed to study the effect of PD on myocardial infarction (MI) by inducing DGCR5. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the viability of H9c2 cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to test apoptosis of H9c2 cells. These results determined the optimal concentration and effect time of hypoxia as well as PD. Si-DGCR5 was transfected into cells and the expression level was determined by qRT-PCR. Western blot was utilized to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3, as well as autophagy-associated proteins including Beclin-1, p62, and LC3-II/LC3-I. As a result, PD efficiently attenuated hypoxia-induced apoptosis and autophagy in H9c2 cells. The expression of DGCR5 was down-regulated by hypoxia and up-regulated by PD. Besides, knocking-down the expression of DGCR5 inhibited the protection of PD in H9c2 cells. In addition, PD up-regulated the accumulation of DGCR5, DGCR5 decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and p62, raised the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, and the proportion of LC3-II/LC3-I. PD stimulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways via up-regulating the expression of DGCR5. Our data demonstrated that PD reduced cell apoptosis and autophagy induced by hypoxia in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, PD activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways by up-regulating the expression of DGCR5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianbo Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufeng Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianhai Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo Mental Health Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Zhang T, Dang M, Zhang W, Lin X. Gold nanoparticles synthesized from Euphorbia fischeriana root by green route method alleviates the isoprenaline hydrochloride induced myocardial infarction in rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 202:111705. [PMID: 31812087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The procurance of gold nanoparticles in the plant extracts is an excellent way to attain nanomaterials natural and eco-friendly nanomaterials. The Dehydrated roots of Chinese Euphorbia fischeriana flowering plant are called "Lang-Du". In this study, the retrieving of gold nanoparticles from Euphorbia fischeriana root was amalgamated by standard procedure. Fabricated gold nanoparticles were portrayed through the investigations of ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-Vis and FTIR results explicated the obtained particles were sphere-shaped and the terpenoids of Euphorbia fischeriana had strong communications with gold surface. The HRTEM and XRD images exposed the produced gold nanoparticles had an extreme composition of crystal arrangement and excellent uniformed size of particles. In our study, the Isoprenaline induced myocardial damage established the elevation in TBARS, LOOH of heart tissues and notable decline in antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH. This biochemical result was additionally proved by histopathological assessment. Remarkably, the pretreatment with EF-AuNps(50 mg/kg b.w) illustrated stabilized levels of serum creatine and cardiotropins in myocardial infarcted animals. And further we understood the essential function of NF-ƙB, TNF-α, IL-6 signaling molecules and its way progression in the development of vascular tenderness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tipeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450007, China
| | - Minyan Dang
- Innoscience Research SdnBhd, Jalan USJ 25/1, 47650 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- Innoscience Research SdnBhd, Jalan USJ 25/1, 47650 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xue Lin
- Emergency Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027 China.
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Yuan X, Pan J, Wen L, Gong B, Li J, Gao H, Tan W, Liang S, Zhang H, Wang X. MiR-144-3p Enhances Cardiac Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction by Targeting PTEN. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:249. [PMID: 31737623 PMCID: PMC6828614 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) may cause heart failure and seriously harm human health. During the genesis of cardiac fibrosis after MI, the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts contribute to secretion and maintenance of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Many miRNAs have been highly implicated in the processes of cardiac fibrosis after MI. However, the molecular mechanisms for how miRNAs involve in cardiac fibrosis remain largely unexplored. Based on MI model in miniature pigs, the potential miRNAs involved in MI were identified by using small RNA sequencing. Using human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) as a cellular model, EdU, Transwell, and the expression of ECM-related proteins were applied to investigate the cell proliferation, migration and collagen synthesis. In this study, using MI model based on miniature pigs, 84 miRNAs were identified as the differentially expressed miRNAs between MI and control group, and miR-144-3p, one of differentially expressed miRNAs, was identified to be higher expressed in infarct area. The cell proliferation, migration activity, and the mRNA and protein levels of the ECM-related genes were significantly increased by miR-144-3p mimic but significantly decreased by miR-144-3p inhibitor in cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, miR-144-3p was observed to repress transcription and translation of PTEN, and interfering with the expression of PTEN up-regulated the mRNAs and proteins levels of α-SMA, Col1A1, and Col3A1, and promoted the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts, which was in line with that of miR-144-3p mimics, but this observation could be reversed by miR-144-3p inhibitor. Collectively, miR-144-3p promotes cell proliferation, migration, and collagen production by targeting PTEN in cardiac fibroblasts, suggesting that miR-144-3p-mediated-PTEN regulation might be a novel therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Swine Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- National Engineering Research Center for Swine Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyong Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Swine Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijiang Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Swine Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Anti-Myocardial Infarction Effects of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Extracts and Their Influence on Small Molecules in the Heart Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194837. [PMID: 31569464 PMCID: PMC6801437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (fuzi) is the processed product of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux tuber, and has great potential anti-myocardial infarction effects, including improving myocardial damage and energy metabolism in rats. However, the effects of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata extracts in a rat model of myocardial infarction have not yet been fully illustrated. Herein, Radix Aconiti Lateral Preparata was used to prepare Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata extract (RAE), fuzi polysaccharides (FPS), and fuzi total alkaloid (FTA). Then, we aimed to compare the effects of RAE, FPS, and FTA in MI rats and further explore their influence on small molecules in the heart. We reported that Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata extract (RAE) and fuzi total alkaloid (FTA) significantly improved left ventricular function and structure, and reduced myocardial damage and infarct size in rats with myocardial infarction by the left anterior descending artery ligation. In contrast, fuzi polysaccharides (FPS) was less effective than RAE and FTA, indicating that alkaloids might play a major role in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Moreover, via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI–MSI), we further showed that RAE and FTA containing alkaloids as the main common components regulated myocardial energy metabolism-related molecules and phospholipids levels and distribution patterns against myocardial infarction. In particular, it was FTA, not RAE, that could also regulate potassium ions and glutamine to play a cardioprotective role in myocardial infarction, which revealed that an appropriate dose of alkaloids generated more obvious cardiotonic effects. These findings together suggested that Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata extracts containing an appropriate dose of alkaloids as its main pharmacological active components exerted protective effects against myocardial infarction by improving myocardial energy metabolism abnormalities and changing phospholipids levels and distribution patterns to stabilize the cardiomyocyte membrane structure. Thus, RAE and FTA extracted from Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata are potential candidates for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
|
226
|
Guo J, Xing X, Lv N, Zhao J, Liu Y, Gong H, Du Y, Lu Q, Dong Z. Therapy for myocardial infarction: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of puerarin-prodrug and tanshinone co-loaded lipid nanoparticulate system. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109480. [PMID: 31562980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nanoparticle systems carrying drugs have already been developed to treat MI. To improve the efficiency of tanshinone (TAN), and to achieve the synergistic effect of TAN and puerarin (PUE), PUE-prodrug and TAN co-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) was structured and utilized for MI treatment in the present research. PUE-prodrug was synthesized by an esterification reaction. PUE-prodrug and TAN co-loaded SLN (PUEp/TAN-SLN) were prepared by a single emulsification followed by a solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical properties of SLN were characterized and the in vivo infarct therapy effects were evaluated in MI rats. PUE-prodrug and TAN contained SLN showed a size of 112.6 ± 3.1 nm. The SLN encapsulation reduced the cytotoxicity of drugs and was a safer system. PUEp-SLN exhibited a 1.7-fold increase in comparison to PUE-SLN (21.2 ± 2.1 versus 12.5 ± 1.5 mg/L), in the mean time a 3.4-fold increase compared with free PUE in heart drug concentration (21.2 ± 2.1 versus 6.3 ± 0.9 mg/L). In vivo infarct therapy efficiency of double drugs loaded PUEp/TAN-SLN (17 ± 1.9%) was significantly better than the single drug loaded PUEp-SLN (31 ± 1.6%) and TAN-SLN (40 ± 2.2%). PUE-prodrug contained, double drugs co-loaded SLN can be utilized as promising candidate delivery system for cardioprotective drugs in treatment of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Xing
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Na Lv
- Jinan Lixia District Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Ji'nan, 250014, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jingjie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Huiping Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yimeng Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Zhaoqiang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250033, Shandong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Jin H, Yu J. Lidocaine protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia-induced injury through regulation of the MAPK/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4125-4131. [PMID: 31641386 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Lidocaine on hypoxia-induced injury in cardiomyoblasts whilst exploring the associated molecular mechanism. In the present study, hypoxia was induced in H9c2 cells to establish an in vitro model of myocardial infarction. The cells were treated with lidocaine (0.5, 1, 5, 10 mM) for 48 h under hypoxic conditions. Cell viability and apoptosis levels were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines released. A creatine kinase isoenzyme/cardiac troponin I detection kit was used to show that lidocaine significantly reduced hypoxia-induced cardiac troponin 1 and creatine kinase-muscle/brain release in a dose-dependent manner. Mitochondrial viability staining suggested that lidocaine significantly enhanced mitochondrial viability under hypoxic conditions. Lidocaine also significantly reduced hypoxia-induced apoptosis and increased H9c2 viability in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, under hypoxic conditions, lidocaine dose-dependently promoted Bcl-2 expression, while decreasing Bax and caspase-3 expression in H9c2 cells. ELISA and reverse transcription quantitative PCR were used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 released by H9c2 cells. Results showed that lidocaine markedly reduced the hypoxia-induced expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, protein levels of phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2 and NF-κB p-p65 were analyzed by western blotting, and results indicated that lidocaine significantly increased the protein levels of p-ERK1/2 and decreased the protein level of NF-κB p-p65 in a dose-dependent manner under hypoxic conditions. These data suggested that lidocaine might protect cardiomyoblasts from hypoxia-induced injury via activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Liberation Army 951 Hospital, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Colpaert RMW, Calore M. MicroRNAs in Cardiac Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:E737. [PMID: 31323768 PMCID: PMC6678080 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery 20 years ago, microRNAs have been related to posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in major cardiac physiological and pathological processes. We know now that cardiac muscle phenotypes are tightly regulated by multiple noncoding RNA species to maintain cardiac homeostasis. Upon stress or various pathological conditions, this class of non-coding RNAs has been found to modulate different cardiac pathological conditions, such as contractility, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, and inherited cardiomyopathies. This review summarizes and updates microRNAs playing a role in the different processes underlying the pathogenic phenotypes of cardiac muscle and highlights their potential role as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin M W Colpaert
- IMAiA-Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Calore
- IMAiA-Institute for Molecular Biology and RNA Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Wang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Yong C, Mao Y. Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha Prolifera Ameliorate Acute Myocardial Infarction in Vitro and in Vivo via Up-Regulating HIF-1α. Int Heart J 2019; 60:964-973. [PMID: 31257333 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious heart disease and the main reason for heart failure and sudden death worldwide. This study investigated the effects of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera (PEP) on AMI in vitro and in vivo, as well as the underlying mechanisms.Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMVEC) were cultured in vitro in an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) environment to induce injury. The viability and apoptosis of HCMVEC were then detected using CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. ELISA was performed to measure the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. Cell transfection was conducted to reduce the expression of HIF-1α. Expression of key factors involving in cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, MEK/ERK, and the NF-κB and mTOR pathways were evaluated using Western blotting. In vivo, Wistar rats were pre-treated by PEP and AMI was induced. The infarct size and cardiac functions (LVEDD, LVEF and LVFS) were measured.In vitro, PEP treatment significantly protected HCMVEC from OGD-induced viability loss, proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine expression, and autophagy. Moreover, PEP enhanced the expression of HIF-1α in HCMVEC via the MEK/ERK pathway. HIF-1α participated in the protective effects of PEP on OGD-treated HCMVEC. Furthermore, PEP attenuated OGD-induced NF-κB pathway activation and promoted the mTOR pathway in HCMVEC. In vivo, PEP pre-treatment reduced the infarct size and enhanced the LVEDD, LVEF and LVFS of rats via up-regulation of HIF-1α.PEP ameliorated AMI in vitro and in vivo through up-regulation of HIF-1α. In vitro, PEP could activate the MEK/ERK and mTOR pathways, but inactivate the NF-κB pathway in OGD-treated HCMVEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongqiu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Chunming Yong
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Yongjun Mao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Zhang Z, Li H, Liu M, He J, Zhang X, Chen Y. Skullcapflavone I protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-caused injury through up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2019; 33:2058738419857537. [PMID: 31220954 PMCID: PMC6589964 DOI: 10.1177/2058738419857537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious heart disease in which cardiomyocytes are damaged, caused by hypoxia. This study explored the possible protective activity of Skullcapflavone I (SF I), a flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, on hypoxia-stimulated cardiomyocytes cell injury in vitro. Viability and apoptosis of H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes were tested using cell counting kit–8 (CCK-8) assay and Guava Nexin Reagent, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the long non-coding RNA regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-ROR) expression. si-ROR was transfected to knockdown lincRNA-ROR. Western blotting was conducted to assess the protein levels of key molecules related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) pathway. We discovered that hypoxia stimulation obviously reduced H9c2 cell and primary cardiomyocytes’ viability and proliferation, but promoted cell apoptosis. SF I treatment mitigated the cell viability and proliferation inhibition, as well as cell apoptosis caused by hypoxia. Moreover, SF I promoted the hypoxia-caused up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR in H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of lincRNA-ROR reversed the influence of SF I on hypoxia-stimulated H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Besides, SF I activated MEK/ERK pathway in H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes via up-regulating lincRNA-ROR. To sum up, our research verified the beneficial activity of SF I on hypoxia-caused cardiomyocytes injury. SF I protected cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-caused injury through up-regulation of lincRNA-ROR and activation of MEK/ERK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiao Zhang
- 1 Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- 1 Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianshuai He
- 2 Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- 2 Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- 3 Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Klasan A, Amic F, Dworschak P, Madzarac G, Heyse TJ, Neri T. Risk factors for ileus after hip and knee arthroplasty. Int J Colorectal Dis 2019; 34:261-267. [PMID: 30386890 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-018-3184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postoperative ileus (POI) is one of the complications that can occur after every surgical procedure including arthroplasty. It can have detrimental consequences for the patient and portrays an economic burden on health care systems. The risk factors for POI after arthroplasty described in the literature are scarce and include hip arthroplasty, male gender and previous abdominal surgery. The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors for POI after hip and knee arthroplasty. METHODS A retrospective review of 2760 patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty was performed. An in-depth analysis of patient history and physical operative and postoperative course was reviewed and statistically analyzed in a univariate and multivariate setting. RESULTS Overall incidence of POI was 0.54%. History of myocardial infarction and chronic kidney disease were statistically significant risk factors for developing POI after arthroplasty with values of p = 0.023 and p = 0.004, respectively. Other risk factors included previous abdominal surgery (p < 0.001) and hip arthroplasty (p = 0.026). Age or gender correlations were not observed. CONCLUSIONS Although postoperative ileus is an uncommon complication after joint arthroplasty, in addition to the known risk factors of male age, hip arthroplasty, and previous abdominal surgery, this study describes two previously unknown risk factors: chronic kidney disease and history of myocardial infarction. Patients with these risk factors should be monitored closely for developing postoperative ileus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Klasan
- Department for Orthopedics, Schwarzwald Baar Klinikum, 78166, Donaueschingen, Germany. .,Center for Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Fedor Amic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Philipp Dworschak
- Center for Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Goran Madzarac
- Department for Thoracic Surgery, Clinic for Lung Diseases, University Hospital Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Thomas Neri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital St Etienne, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| |
Collapse
|