201
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Tautzenberger A, Kovtun A, Ignatius A. Nanoparticles and their potential for application in bone. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4545-57. [PMID: 22923992 PMCID: PMC3423651 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials are commonly applied in regenerative therapy and tissue engineering in bone, and have been substantially refined in recent years. Thereby, research approaches focus more and more on nanoparticles, which have great potential for a variety of applications. Generally, nanoparticles interact distinctively with bone cells and tissue, depending on their composition, size, and shape. Therefore, detailed analyses of nanoparticle effects on cellular functions have been performed to select the most suitable candidates for supporting bone regeneration. This review will highlight potential nanoparticle applications in bone, focusing on cell labeling as well as drug and gene delivery. Labeling, eg, of mesenchymal stem cells, which display exceptional regenerative potential, makes monitoring and evaluation of cell therapy approaches possible. By including bioactive molecules in nanoparticles, locally and temporally controlled support of tissue regeneration is feasible, eg, to directly influence osteoblast differentiation or excessive osteoclast behavior. In addition, the delivery of genetic material with nanoparticulate carriers offers the possibility of overcoming certain disadvantages of standard protein delivery approaches, such as aggregation in the bloodstream during systemic therapy. Moreover, nanoparticles are already clinically applied in cancer treatment. Thus, corresponding efforts could lead to new therapeutic strategies to improve bone regeneration or to treat bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tautzenberger
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Musculoskeletal Research, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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202
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Simón-yarza T, Garbayo E, Tamayo E, Prósper F, Blanco-prieto* MJ. Drug Delivery in Tissue Engineering: General Concepts. NANOSTRUCTURED BIOMATERIALS FOR OVERCOMING BIOLOGICAL BARRIERS 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735292-00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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203
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Santo VE, Gomes ME, Mano JF, Reis RL. From nano- to macro-scale: nanotechnology approaches for spatially controlled delivery of bioactive factors for bone and cartilage engineering. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:1045-66. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of biomaterials has advanced towards the molecular and nanoscale design of bioactive systems for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and drug delivery. Spatial cues are displayed in the 3D extracellular matrix and can include signaling gradients, such as those observed during chemotaxis. Architectures range from the nanometer to the centimeter length scales as exemplified by extracellular matrix fibers, cells and macroscopic shapes. The main focus of this review is the application of a biomimetic approach by the combination of architectural cues, obtained through the application of micro- and nanofabrication techniques, with the ability to sequester and release growth factors and other bioactive agents in a spatiotemporal controlled manner for bone and cartilage engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor E Santo
- 3B’s Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables & Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables & Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- 3B’s Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables & Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B’s Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables & Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
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204
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Material-driven differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells in neuron growth factor-grafted poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) scaffolds. Biomaterials 2012; 33:5672-82. [PMID: 22591608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The potential of constructs comprising induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and biopolymers can be high for neurological surgery practice, if the systematic activity of neuronal regeneration is clarified. This study shows a guided differentiation of iPS cells toward neurons in neuron growth factor (NGF)-grafted poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) scaffolds. The porosity of PCL-PHB scaffolds enhanced with increasing the concentration of salt particles (porogen) and the weight percentage of PCL. An increase in the graft concentration of NGF elevated the atomic ratios of N/C and O/C on the surface of NGF-grafted PCL-PHB scaffolds. In addition, incorporating heparin and NGF promoted the adhesion and viability of iPS cells in constructs. When the weight percentage of PCL increased, the viability of iPS cells reduced; however, more PCL in constructs benefited the adhesion of iPS cells. Under the influence of heparin and NGF, a high weight percentage of PCL and a long inductive period improved iPS cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells carrying βIII tubulin and inhibited other differentiation(s). The material-driven differentiation in NGF-grafted PCL-PHB constructs can be promising in guiding iPS cells to produce neurons for nerve tissue engineering.
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205
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Orlando G, Wood KJ, De Coppi P, Baptista PM, Binder KW, Bitar KN, Breuer C, Burnett L, Christ G, Farney A, Figliuzzi M, Holmes JH, Koch K, Macchiarini P, Mirmalek Sani SH, Opara E, Remuzzi A, Rogers J, Saul JM, Seliktar D, Shapira-Schweitzer K, Smith T, Solomon D, Van Dyke M, Yoo JJ, Zhang Y, Atala A, Stratta RJ, Soker S. Regenerative medicine as applied to general surgery. Ann Surg 2012; 255:867-80. [PMID: 22330032 PMCID: PMC3327776 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e318243a4db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present review illustrates the state of the art of regenerative medicine (RM) as applied to surgical diseases and demonstrates that this field has the potential to address some of the unmet needs in surgery. RM is a multidisciplinary field whose purpose is to regenerate in vivo or ex vivo human cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function through exploitation of the potential to regenerate, which is intrinsic to human cells, tissues, and organs. RM uses cells and/or specially designed biomaterials to reach its goals and RM-based therapies are already in use in several clinical trials in most fields of surgery. The main challenges for investigators are threefold: Creation of an appropriate microenvironment ex vivo that is able to sustain cell physiology and function in order to generate the desired cells or body parts; identification and appropriate manipulation of cells that have the potential to generate parenchymal, stromal and vascular components on demand, both in vivo and ex vivo; and production of smart materials that are able to drive cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Orlando
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
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206
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Montero RB, Vial X, Nguyen DT, Farhand S, Reardon M, Pham SM, Tsechpenakis G, Andreopoulos FM. bFGF-containing electrospun gelatin scaffolds with controlled nano-architectural features for directed angiogenesis. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:1778-91. [PMID: 22200610 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current therapeutic angiogenesis strategies are focused on the development of biologically responsive scaffolds that can deliver multiple angiogenic cytokines and/or cells in ischemic regions. Herein, we report on a novel electrospinning approach to fabricate cytokine-containing nanofibrous scaffolds with tunable architecture to promote angiogenesis. Fiber diameter and uniformity were controlled by varying the concentration of the polymeric (i.e. gelatin) solution, the feed rate, needle to collector distance, and electric field potential between the collector plate and injection needle. Scaffold fiber orientation (random vs. aligned) was achieved by alternating the polarity of two parallel electrodes placed on the collector plate thus dictating fiber deposition patterns. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was physically immobilized within the gelatin scaffolds at variable concentrations and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded on the top of the scaffolds. Cell proliferation and migration was assessed as a function of growth factor loading and scaffold architecture. HUVECs successfully adhered onto gelatin B scaffolds and cell proliferation was directly proportional to the loading concentrations of the growth factor (0-100 bFGF ng/mL). Fiber orientation had a pronounced effect on cell morphology and orientation. Cells were spread along the fibers of the electrospun scaffolds with the aligned orientation and developed a spindle-like morphology parallel to the scaffold's fibers. In contrast, cells seeded onto the scaffolds with random fiber orientation, did not demonstrate any directionality and appeared to have a rounder shape. Capillary formation (i.e. sprouts length and number of sprouts per bead), assessed in a 3-D in vitro angiogenesis assay, was a function of bFGF loading concentration (0 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng per scaffold) for both types of electrospun scaffolds (i.e. with aligned or random fiber orientation).
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207
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Draenert FG, Nonnenmacher AL, Kämmerer PW, Goldschmitt J, Wagner W. BMP-2 and bFGF release and in vitro effect on human osteoblasts after adsorption to bone grafts and biomaterials. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 24:750-7. [PMID: 22524399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02481.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combination of scaffolds and growth factors is a promising option for several clinical problems in bone biomaterials. Simplified growth factor loading by adsorption from aqueous solution is one important option for this technology. We evaluated the adsorption followed by PBS rinsing, release and biological effect of transient loading with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) on fresh frozen bone, processed bone matrix, collagen, and a ceramic material with immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and qRT-PCR. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of three in vitro experiments (immunofluorescence, ELISA, and qRT-PCR) in human osteoblasts (HOB). The first evaluated the adsorption of the growth factors bFGF and BMP-2 to the biomaterials, analyzed by immunofluorescence assays. The second experiment used ELISA to analyze the release of the growth factors from the matrix. The biological effect of the growth factors on HOB was then studied with qRT-PCR experiments as the third step. RESULTS Strongest sustained release peaks in ELISA were observed in bFGF loading on processed bone matrix (steam-resistant mineralized bone matrix, SMBM) with up to 553 pg/ml medium. BMP-2 loading was less effective in ELISA peak release experiments with up to 257 pg/ml medium in processed bone matrix (SMBM). bFGF showed also higher release peaks in collagen material (192 pg/ml) compared with BMP-2 (101 pg/ml). Cumulative release values 0-72 h were estimated. The expression of runX2, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase as markers for osteoblast activity was correlating. CONCLUSION The results showed sustained release of BMP-2 and bFGF after transient loading on bone biomaterials with a stronger effect in biological scaffolds. This is interesting for therapeutic growth factor loading as well as insights in natural growth factor matrix deposition during bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian G Draenert
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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208
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Wongpanit P, Ueda H, Tabata Y, Rujiravanit R. In Vitro and In Vivo Release of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Using a Silk Fibroin Scaffold as Delivery Carrier. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 21:1403-19. [DOI: 10.1163/092050609x12517858243706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Panya Wongpanit
- a The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hiroki Ueda
- b Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- c Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ratana Rujiravanit
- d The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center for Petroleum, Petrochemicals, and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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209
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Murphy C, Pillay V, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Ndesendo VMK, Chirwa N, Kumar P. Optimization of a dual mechanism gastrofloatable and gastroadhesive delivery system for narrow absorption window drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2012; 13:1-15. [PMID: 22048877 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-011-9711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to overcome poor bioavailability of narrow absorption window drugs, a gastrosphere system comprising two mechanisms of gastric retention, namely buoyancy and gastroadhesion, has been investigated in this study employing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polyacrylic acid (PAA), alginate, pectin, and a model drug metformin hydrochloride. Fifteen formulations were obtained using a Box-Behnken statistical design. The gastrosphere yield was above 80% in all cases; however, due to the high water solubility of metformin, drug entrapment efficacy was between 18% and 54%. Mean dissolution time and gastroadhesive strength were used as the formulation responses in order to optimize the formulation. Furthermore, the molecular mechanics force field simulations were performed to corroborate the experimental findings. Drug release profiles revealed three different release kinetics, namely, burst, first-order and zero-order release. Varying gastroadhesive results were obtained, and were highly sensitive to changes in polymer concentrations. FTIR revealed that strong bonds of PAA and PLGA were retained within the gastrosphere. Surface area and porosity analysis provided supporting evidence that the lyophilization process resulted in a significant increase in the porosity. Analysis of the surface morphology by SEM revealed that air pockets were spread over the entire surface of the gastrosphere, providing a visual proof of the high porosity and hence low density of the gastrosphere. The spatial disposition and energetic profile of the sterically constrained and geometrically optimized multi-polymeric complex of alginate, pectin, PAA, and PLGA corroborated the experimental results in terms of in vitro drug release and gastroadhesive strength of the fabricated gastrospheres.
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210
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Tang G, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Li X, Yuan X, Wang M. Prolonged release from PLGA/HAp scaffolds containing drug-loaded PLGA/gelatin composite microspheres. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:419-429. [PMID: 22095448 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Porous scaffolds that can prolong the release of bioactive factors are urgently required in bone tissue engineering. In this study, PLGA/gelatin composite microspheres (PGMs) were carefully designed and prepared by entrapping poly(L: -lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres (PMs) in gelatin matrix. By mixing PGMs with PLGA solution directly, drug-loaded PLGA/carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAp)/PGMs composite scaffolds were successfully fabricated. In vitro release of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD70S) as a model drug from the scaffolds as well as PMs and PGMs was studied by immersing samples in phosphate buffered saline (pH = 7.4) at 37°C for 32 days. Compared with PMs, PGMs and PLGA/HAp/PGMs scaffolds exhibited slow and steady release behavior with constant release rate and insignificantly original burst release. The swelling of PGMs, diffusion of drugs, and degradation of polymer dominated the release behaviors synergistically. The PLGA/HAp/PGMs scaffold offers a novel option for sequential or simultaneous release of several drugs in terms of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongwen Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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211
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Pritchard EM, Dennis PB, Omenetto F, Naik RR, Kaplan DL. Review physical and chemical aspects of stabilization of compounds in silk. Biopolymers 2012; 97:479-98. [PMID: 22270942 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The challenge of stabilization of small molecules and proteins has received considerable interest. The biological activity of small molecules can be lost as a consequence of chemical modifications, while protein activity may be lost due to chemical or structural degradation, such as a change in macromolecular conformation or aggregation. In these cases, stabilization is required to preserve therapeutic and bioactivity efficacy and safety. In addition to use in therapeutic applications, strategies to stabilize small molecules and proteins also have applications in industrial processes, diagnostics, and consumer products like food and cosmetics. Traditionally, therapeutic drug formulation efforts have focused on maintaining stability during product preparation and storage. However, with growing interest in the fields of encapsulation, tissue engineering, and controlled release drug delivery systems, new stabilization challenges are being addressed; the compounds or protein of interest must be stabilized during: (1) fabrication of the protein or small molecule-loaded carrier, (2) device storage, and (3) for the duration of intended release needs in vitro or in vivo. We review common mechanisms of compound degradation for small molecules and proteins during biomaterial preparation (including tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery systems), storage, and in vivo implantation. We also review the physical and chemical aspects of polymer-based stabilization approaches, with a particular focus on the stabilizing properties of silk fibroin biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor M Pritchard
- Department for Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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212
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213
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Xu X, Jha AK, Harrington DA, Farach-Carson MC, Jia X. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels: from a Natural Polysaccharide to Complex Networks. SOFT MATTER 2012; 8:3280-3294. [PMID: 22419946 PMCID: PMC3299088 DOI: 10.1039/c2sm06463d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is one of nature's most versatile and fascinating macromolecules. Being an essential component of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), HA plays an important role in a variety of biological processes. Inherently biocompatible, biodegradable and non-immunogenic, HA is an attractive starting material for the construction of hydrogels with desired morphology, stiffness and bioactivity. While the interconnected network extends to the macroscopic level in HA bulk gels, HA hydrogel particles (HGPs, microgels or nanogels) confine the network to microscopic dimensions. Taking advantage of various scaffold fabrication techniques, HA hydrogels with complex architecture, unique anisotropy, tunable viscoelasticity and desired biologic outcomes have been synthesized and characterized. Physical entrapment and covalent integration of hydrogel particles in a secondary HA network give rise to hybrid networks that are hierarchically structured and mechanically robust, capable of mediating cellular activities through the spatial and temporal presentation of biological cues. This review highlights recent efforts in converting a naturally occurring polysaccharide to drug releasing hydrogel particles, and finally, complex and instructive macroscopic networks. HA-based hydrogels are promising materials for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | - Amit K. Jha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
| | | | | | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
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214
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Gomes S, Leonor IB, Mano JF, Reis RL, Kaplan DL. Natural and Genetically Engineered Proteins for Tissue Engineering. Prog Polym Sci 2012; 37:1-17. [PMID: 22058578 PMCID: PMC3207498 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the limitations of traditionally used autografts, allografts and, to a lesser extent, synthetic materials, there is the need to develop a new generation of scaffolds with adequate mechanical and structural support, control of cell attachment, migration, proliferation and differentiation and with bio-resorbable features. This suite of properties would allow the body to heal itself at the same rate as implant degradation. Genetic engineering offers a route to this level of control of biomaterial systems. The possibility of expressing biological components in nature and to modify or bioengineer them further, offers a path towards multifunctional biomaterial systems. This includes opportunities to generate new protein sequences, new self-assembling peptides or fusions of different bioactive domains or protein motifs. New protein sequences with tunable properties can be generated that can be used as new biomaterials. In this review we address some of the most frequently used proteins for tissue engineering and biomedical applications and describe the techniques most commonly used to functionalize protein-based biomaterials by combining them with bioactive molecules to enhance biological performance. We also highlight the use of genetic engineering, for protein heterologous expression and the synthesis of new protein-based biopolymers, focusing the advantages of these functionalized biopolymers when compared with their counterparts extracted directly from nature and modified by techniques such as physical adsorption or chemical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Gomes
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
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215
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Krenzlin S, Vincent C, Munzke L, Gnansia D, Siepmann J, Siepmann F. Predictability of drug release from cochlear implants. J Control Release 2011; 159:60-8. [PMID: 22233971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simplified mathematical theory is presented allowing for in silico simulation of the effects of key parameters of miniaturized implants (size and composition) on the resulting drug release kinetics. Such devices offer a great potential, especially for local drug treatments, e.g. of the inner ear. However, the preparation and characterization of these systems is highly challenging, due to the small system dimensions. The presented mathematical theory is based on Fick's second law of diffusion. Importantly, theoretical predictions do not require the knowledge of many system-specific parameters: Only the "apparent" diffusion coefficient of the drug within the implant matrix is needed. This parameter can be easily determined via drug release measurements from thin, macroscopic films. The validity of the theoretical model predictions was evaluated by comparison with experimental results obtained with a cochlear implant. The latter consisted of miniaturized electrodes, which were embedded in a silicone matrix loaded with various amounts of dexamethasone. Importantly, independent experimental results confirmed the theoretical predictions. Thus, the presented simplified theory can help to significantly speed up the optimization of this type of controlled drug delivery systems, especially if long release periods are targeted (e.g., several months or years). Straightforward experiments with thin, macroscopic films and computer simulations can allow for rapid identification of optimal system design.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krenzlin
- University of Lille, College of Pharmacy, 3 Rue du Prof. Laguesse, Lille, France
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216
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Vasilev K, Poulter N, Martinek P, Griesser HJ. Controlled release of levofloxacin sandwiched between two plasma polymerized layers on a solid carrier. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:4831-4836. [PMID: 22103351 DOI: 10.1021/am201320a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery and controlled local release of drugs has a number of advantages over conventional systemic drug delivery approaches. Novel platforms for local delivery from solid drug carriers are needed to satisfy the requirements of various medical applications, in particular for the incorporation and release of hydrophilic drugs from a solid carrier material. We have utilized the plasma polymerization of n-heptylamine for the generation of two thin coated layers that serve two distinct purposes. First, an n-heptylamine plasma polymer layer is applied onto the surface of the solid carrier material in order to facilitate spreading of the drug, which is applied by solvent casting; levofloxacin in ethanol was used for this study. A second n-heptylamine plasma polymer coating then serves as a thin barrier coating to control the release. We show that the rate of release can be adjusted via the thickness of the plasma polymer overlayer. We also show that this modality of controlled release of levofloxacin completely inhibits Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization and biofilm formation on and near the coated biomaterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir Vasilev
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Adelaide, Australia.
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217
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Bergeron E, Leblanc E, Drevelle O, Giguère R, Beauvais S, Grenier G, Faucheux N. The evaluation of ectopic bone formation induced by delivery systems for bone morphogenetic protein-9 or its derived peptide. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 18:342-52. [PMID: 21902464 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have earlier shown that a peptide derived from the bone morphogenetic protein-9 (pBMP-9) stimulates mouse preosteoblasts MC3T3-E1 differentiation in vitro. Here, we evaluated the effects of two delivery systems (DSs) for pBMP-9, one based on collagen and the other on chitosan. The release kinetics of BMP-9 (used as control) and pBMP-9 from these DSs were first determined in vitro by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high performance liquid chromatography assays, respectively. Micro-computerized tomography and histological analysis were then performed to study in vivo the ectopic ossification induced by both DSs containing these molecules in C57BL/6 mouse quadriceps. We found that collagen DS released in vitro about 35% of its BMP-9 within 1 h, whereas chitosan DS released 80%. The pBMP-9 was released from both DSs more slowly for up to 10 days. These release kinetics seemed to fit the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Only chitosan DS containing BMP-9 induced strong bone formation in all mice quadriceps within 24 days. All mice quadriceps treated by pBMP-9 trapped in this DS also favored bone structures that started to mineralize. However, pBMP-9 in collagen DS failed to promote ectopic ossification within 24 days in vivo. This study highlights the importance to optimize carrier, thus improving the efficiency of pBMP-9 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Bergeron
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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218
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Conversion of Magnetic Impulses into Cellular Responses by Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Vesicle Hydrogels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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219
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de Cogan F, Booth A, Gough JE, Webb SJ. Conversion of magnetic impulses into cellular responses by self-assembled nanoparticle-vesicle hydrogels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:12290-3. [PMID: 22025452 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felicity de Cogan
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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Wang H, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Li Y, Jansen JA. The use of micro- and nanospheres as functional components for bone tissue regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 18:24-39. [PMID: 21806489 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, the use of micro- and nanospheres as functional components for bone tissue regeneration has drawn increasing interest. Scaffolds comprising micro- and nanospheres display several advantages compared with traditional monolithic scaffolds that are related to (i) an improved control over sustained delivery of therapeutic agents, signaling biomolecules and even pluripotent stem cells, (ii) the introduction of spheres as stimulus-sensitive delivery vehicles for triggered release, (iii) the use of spheres to introduce porosity and/or improve the mechanical properties of bulk scaffolds by acting as porogen or reinforcement phase, (iv) the use of spheres as compartmentalized microreactors for dedicated biochemical processes, (v) the use of spheres as cell delivery vehicle, and, finally, (vi) the possibility of preparing injectable and/or moldable formulations to be applied by using minimally invasive surgery. This article focuses on recent developments with regard to the use of micro- and nanospheres for bone regeneration by categorizing micro-/nanospheres by material class (polymers, ceramics, and composites) as well as summarizing the main strategies that employ these spheres to improve the functionality of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Wang
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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221
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Sun HH, Qu TJ, Zhang XH, Yu Q, Chen FM. Designing biomaterials for in situ periodontal tissue regeneration. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 28:3-20. [PMID: 21913341 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The regeneration of periodontal tissue poses a significant challenge to biomaterial scientists, tissue engineers and periodontal clinicians. Recent advances in this field have shifted the focus from the attempt to recreate tissue replacements/constructs ex vivo to the development of biofunctionalized biomaterials that incorporate and release regulatory signals in a precise and near-physiological fashion to achieve in situ regeneration. The molecular and physical information coded within the biomaterials define a local biochemical and mechanical niche with complex and dynamic regulation that establishes key interactions with host endogenous cells and, hence, may help to unlock latent regenerative pathways in the body by instructing cell homing and regulating cell proliferation/differentiation. In the future, these innovative principles and biomaterial devices promise to have a profound impact on periodontal reconstructive therapy and are also likely to reconcile the clinical and commercial pressures on other tissue engineering endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Sun
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
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222
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The three-dimensional vascularization of growth factor-releasing hybrid scaffold of poly (epsilon-caprolactone)/collagen fibers and hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Biomaterials 2011; 32:8108-17. [PMID: 21807407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A significant stumbling block in the creation of functional three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissues is the proper vascularization of the constructs. Furthermore, in the context of electrospinning, the development of 3D constructs using this technique has been hindered by the limited infiltration of cells into their structure. In an attempt to address these issues, a hybrid mesh of poly (ɛ-caprolactone)-collagen blend (PCL/Col) and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel, Heprasil™ was created via a dual electrodeposition system. Simultaneous deposition of HA and PCL/Col allowed the dual loading and controlled release of two potent angiogenic growth factors VEGF(165) and PDGF-BB over a period of five weeks in vitro. Furthermore, this manner of loading sustained the bioactivity of the two growth factors. Utilizing an in-house developed 3D co-culture assay model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and lung fibroblasts, the growth factor-loaded hybrid meshes was shown to not only support cellular attachment, but also their infiltration and the recapitulation of primitive capillary network in the scaffold's architecture. Thus, the creation of a PCL/Col-Heprasil hybrid scaffold is a step forward toward the attainment of a 3D bio-functionalized, vascularized tissue engineering construct.
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223
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The characterization of protein release from sericin film in the presence of an enzyme: Towards fibroblast growth factor-2 delivery. Int J Pharm 2011; 414:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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224
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Zou J, Yang Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Li X. Release kinetics and cellular profiles for bFGF-loaded electrospun fibers: Effect of the conjugation density and molecular weight of heparin. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue defects, sustained through disease or trauma, present enormous challenges in regenerative medicine. Modern tissue engineering (TE) aims at replacing or repairing these defects through a combined approach of biodegradable scaffolds, suitable cell sources and appropriate environmental cues, such as biomolecules presented on scaffold surfaces or sustainably released from within. AREAS COVERED This review provides a brief overview of the various drugs and bioactive molecules of interest to TE, as well as a selection of materials that have been proposed for TE scaffolds and matrices in the past. It then proceeds to discuss encapsulation, immobilization and controlled release strategies for bioactive proteins, before discussing recent advances in this area with a special focus on soft TE. EXPERT OPINION Overall, minimal clinical success has been achieved so far in using growth factor, morphogen, or adhesion factor modified scaffolds and matrices; only one growth factor delivery system (Regranex Gel), has been approved by the FDA for clinical use, with only a handful of other growth factors being approved for human use so far. However, many more growth factors are currently in clinical Phase I - II or preclinical trials and many delivery systems utilize materials already approved by the FDA for other purposes. With respect to drug delivery in soft TE, a combination of increased research efforts in hydrogel and support material development as well as growth factor development is needed before clinical success is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ladewig
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Parkville VIC, Australia.
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226
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Performance of biodegradable microcapsules of poly(butylene succinate), poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) and poly(butylene terephthalate-co-adipate) as drug encapsulation systems. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 84:498-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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227
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De Laporte L, des Rieux A, Tuinstra HM, Zelivyanskaya ML, De Clerck NM, Postnov AA, Préat V, Shea LD. Vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 delivery from spinal cord bridges to enhance angiogenesis following injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 98:372-82. [PMID: 21630429 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The host response to spinal cord injury can lead to an ischemic environment that can induce cell death and limits cell transplantation approaches to promote spinal cord regeneration. Spinal cord bridges that provide a localized and sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) were investigated for their ability to promote angiogenesis and nerve growth within the injury. Bridges were fabricated by fusion of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres using a gas foaming/particulate leaching technique, and proteins were incorporated by encapsulation into the microspheres and/or mixing with the microspheres before foaming. Compared to the mixing method, encapsulation reduced the losses during leaching and had a slower protein release, while VEGF was released more rapidly than FGF-2. In vivo implantation of bridges loaded with VEGF enhanced the levels of VEGF within the injury at 1 week, and bridges releasing VEGF and FGF-2 increased the infiltration of endothelial cells and the formation of blood vessel at 6 weeks postimplantation. Additionally, substantial neurofilament staining was observed within the bridge; however, no significant difference was observed between bridges with or without protein. Bridges releasing angiogenic factors may provide an approach to overcome an ischemic environment that limits regeneration and cell transplantation-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Laporte
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3120, USA
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228
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Torres-Giner S, Gimeno-Alcañiz JV, Ocio MJ, Lagaron JM. Optimization of electrospun polylactide-based ultrathin fibers for osteoconductive bone scaffolds. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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229
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Extraction and isolation of type I, III and V collagens and their SDS-PAGE analyses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12209-011-1543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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230
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Nguyen EH, Schwartz MP, Murphy WL. Biomimetic approaches to control soluble concentration gradients in biomaterials. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:483-92. [PMID: 21265021 PMCID: PMC3735129 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Soluble concentration gradients play a critical role in controlling tissue formation during embryonic development. The importance of soluble signaling in biology has motivated engineers to design systems that allow precise and quantitative manipulation of gradient formation in vitro. Engineering techniques have increasingly moved to the third dimension in order to provide more physiologically relevant models to study the biological role of gradient formation and to guide strategies for controlling new tissue formation for therapeutic applications. This review provides an overview of efforts to design biomimetic strategies for soluble gradient formation, with a focus on microfluidic techniques and biomaterials approaches for moving gradient generation to the third dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H. Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
| | - Michael P. Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
| | - William L. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA, Fax: (608) 265 9239. Department of Pharmacology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
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231
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Senta H, Bergeron E, Drevelle O, Park H, Faucheux N. Combination of synthetic peptides derived from bone morphogenetic proteins and biomaterials for medical applications. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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232
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Indolfi L, Causa F, Giovino C, Ungaro F, Quaglia F, Netti PA. Microsphere-integrated drug-eluting stents: PLGA microsphere integration in hydrogel coating for local and prolonged delivery of hydrophilic antirestenosis agents. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 97:201-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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233
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Santoro M, Marchetti P, Rossi F, Perale G, Castiglione F, Mele A, Masi M. Smart Approach To Evaluate Drug Diffusivity in Injectable Agar−Carbomer Hydrogels for Drug Delivery. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:2503-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Santoro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - P. Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - F. Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - G. Perale
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - F. Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - A. Mele
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - M. Masi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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235
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The promotion of chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by multiple growth factors incorporated into nanosphere-coated microspheres. Biomaterials 2011; 32:28-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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236
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Artificial Scaffolds and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Hard Tissues. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 126:153-94. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2011_115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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237
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238
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Suwanpayak N, Jalil MA, Teeka C, Ali J, Yupapin PP. Optical vortices generated by a PANDA ring resonator for drug trapping and delivery applications. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 2:159-168. [PMID: 21326646 PMCID: PMC3028491 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel drug delivery system (DDS) by using a PANDA ring resonator to form, transmit and receive the microscopic volume by controlling some suitable ring parameters. The optical vortices (gradient optical field/well) can be generated and used to form the trapping tool in the same way as the optical tweezers. The microscopic volume (drug) can be trapped and moved (transported) dynamically within the wavelength router or network. In principle, the trapping force is formed by the combination between the gradient field and scattering photons, which has been reviewed. The advantage of the proposed system is that a transmitter and receiver can be formed within the same system, which is called transceiver, in which the use of such a system for microscopic volume (drug volume) trapping and transportation (delivery) can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaporn Suwanpayak
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Research Alliance, Advanced Research Center for Photonics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Arif Jalil
- Ibnu Sina Institute of Fundamental Science Studies (IIS), Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Chat Teeka
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Research Alliance, Advanced Research Center for Photonics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Jalil Ali
- Institute of Advanced Photonics Science, Nanotechnology, Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Preecha P. Yupapin
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Research Alliance, Advanced Research Center for Photonics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
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239
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Xu Y, Zhang D, Wang ZL, Gao ZT, Zhang PB, Chen XS. Preparation of porous nanocomposite scaffolds with honeycomb monolith structure by one phase solution freezedrying method. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-010-1015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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240
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Kuo YC, Tsai YT. Heparin-conjugated scaffolds with pore structure of inverted colloidal crystals for cartilage regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 82:616-23. [PMID: 21074384 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A uniform de novo production of neocartilage is a critical issue in the fabrication of tissue-engineered diarthrodial substitutes. The aim of this work is to develop homogeneous chondrogenesis in heparinized scaffolds with pores of inverted colloidal crystal (ICC) geometry. Monodispersed polystyrene microspheres were self-assembled by floating in the medium containing ethylene glycol, dried, annealed and infiltrated with heparin/chitin/chitosan gels. The results indicated that the colloidal template was in a structure of hexagonal arrays. In addition, the regularity of the organized pores in the scaffolds reduced when the concentration of ethylene glycol decreased. An increase in the weight percentage of heparin enhanced the viability of bovine knee chondrocytes (BKCs) in ICC matrices. Over 4 weeks of cultivation, the amount of cartilaginous components including BKCs, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen enhanced with time. Moreover, an increase in the weight percentage of heparin promoted the production of BKCs, GAGs and collagen in ICC constructs. Histological and immunochemical staining of the cultured ICC constructs revealed minor differences in BKCs, GAGs and type II collagen between the peripheral and core regions. Therefore, the ordered pores in the heparinized ICC constructs could favor the chondrocyte culture to regenerate a uniform distribution of cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, ROC.
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241
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Recent advances in the use of encapsulated cells for effective delivery of therapeutics. Ther Deliv 2010; 1:387-96. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.10.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell encapsulation can be defined as a living cell approach for the long-term delivery of therapeutic products. It consists of the immobilization of therapeutically active cells within a general polymer matrix that permits the ingress of nutrients and oxygen and the egress of therapeutic protein products but impedes the immune contact of the enclosed cells. In recent decades many attempts have evaluated the potential of this technology to release therapeutic agents for the treatment of different pathologies and disorders. At present, cell encapsulation may be used as a technological platform to improve knowledge and clinical use of stem cells. This review describes the main issues related to this cell-based approach and summarizes some of the most interesting therapeutic applications.
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242
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Nie H, Dong Z, Arifin DY, Hu Y, Wang CH. Core/shell microspheres via coaxial electrohydrodynamic atomization for sequential and parallel release of drugs. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 95:709-16. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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243
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Lim HJ, Ghim HD, Choi JH, Chung HY, Lim JO. Controlled release of BMP-2 from alginate nanohydrogels enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. Macromol Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-010-0804-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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244
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d’Angelo I, Garcia-Fuentes M, Parajó Y, Welle A, Vántus T, Horváth A, Bökönyi G, Kéri G, Alonso MJ. Nanoparticles Based on PLGA:Poloxamer Blends for the Delivery of Proangiogenic Growth Factors. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1724-33. [DOI: 10.1021/mp1001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yolanda Parajó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander Welle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Vántus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Bökönyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Kéri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria José Alonso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, University Federico II, Naples, Italy, Institute for Biological Interfaces, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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245
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Davis HE, Leach JK. Designing bioactive delivery systems for tissue regeneration. Ann Biomed Eng 2010; 39:1-13. [PMID: 20676773 PMCID: PMC3010216 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-010-0135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The direct infusion of macromolecules into defect sites generally does not impart adequate physiological responses. Without the protection of delivery systems, inductive molecules may likely redistribute away from their desired locale and are vulnerable to degradation. In order to achieve efficacy, large doses supplied at interval time periods are necessary, often at great expense and ensuing detrimental side effects. The selection of a delivery system plays an important role in the rate of re-growth and functionality of regenerating tissue: not only do the release kinetics of inductive molecules and their consequent bioactivities need to be considered, but also how the delivery system interacts and integrates with its surrounding host environment. In the current review, we describe the means of release of macromolecules from hydrogels, polymeric microspheres, and porous scaffolds along with the selection and utilization of bioactive delivery systems in a variety of tissue-engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary E Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, 2303 Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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246
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Fu Y, Kao WJ. Drug release kinetics and transport mechanisms of non-degradable and degradable polymeric delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:429-44. [PMID: 20331353 DOI: 10.1517/17425241003602259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 731] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD The advancement in material design and engineering has led to the rapid development of new materials with increasing complexity and functions. Both non-degradable and degradable polymers have found wide applications in the controlled delivery field. Studies on drug release kinetics provide important information into the function of material systems. To elucidate the detailed transport mechanism and the structure-function relationship of a material system, it is critical to bridge the gap between the macroscopic data and the transport behavior at the molecular level. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The structure and function information of selected non-degradable and degradable polymers have been collected and summarized from literature published after the 1990s. The release kinetics of selected drug compounds from various material systems is discussed in case studies. Recent progress in the mathematical models based on different transport mechanisms is highlighted. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This article aims to provide an overview of structure-function relationships of selected non-degradable and degradable polymers as drug delivery matrices. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Understanding the structure-function relationship of the material system is key to the successful design of a delivery system for a particular application. Moreover, developing complex polymeric matrices requires more robust mathematical models to elucidate the solute transport mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Yu NYC, Schindeler A, Little DG, Ruys AJ. Biodegradable poly(alpha-hydroxy acid) polymer scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 93:285-95. [PMID: 20127987 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic graft materials are emerging as a viable alternative to autogenous bone graft and bone allograft for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects. These materials can be osteoconductive but are rarely intrinsically osteogenic, although this can be greatly enhanced by the application of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). This review will discuss the versatility of biodegradable poly(alpha-hydroxy acids) for the delivery of BMPs for bone tissue engineering. Poly(alpha-hydroxy acids) have a considerable potential for customization and adaptability via modification of design parameters, including scaffold architecture, composition, and biodegradability. Different fabrication techniques will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y C Yu
- Biomedical Engineering, School of AMME J07, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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248
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Staples M. Microchips and controlled-release drug reservoirs. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 2:400-17. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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249
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Duan B, Wang M. Customized Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: design, fabrication, surface modification and sustained release of growth factor. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7 Suppl 5:S615-29. [PMID: 20504805 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0127.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating an advanced manufacturing technique, nanocomposite material and controlled delivery of growth factor to form multifunctional tissue engineering scaffolds was investigated in this study. Based on calcium phosphate (Ca-P)/poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposite microspheres, three-dimensional Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds with customized architecture, controlled porosity and totally interconnected porous structure were successfully fabricated using selective laser sintering (SLS), one of the rapid prototyping technologies. The cytocompatibility of sintered Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds, as well as PHBV polymer scaffolds, was studied. For surface modification of nanocomposite scaffolds, gelatin was firstly physically entrapped onto the scaffold surface and heparin was subsequently immobilized on entrapped gelatin. The surface-modification improved the wettability of scaffolds and provided specific binding site between conjugated heparin and the growth factor recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). The surface-modified Ca-P/PHBV nanocomposite scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 significantly enhanced the alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic differentiation markers in gene expression of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. Together with osteoconductive nanocomposite material and controlled growth factor delivery strategies, the use of SLS technique to form complex scaffolds will provide a promising route towards individualized bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Duan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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250
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Toward delivery of multiple growth factors in tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2010; 31:6279-308. [PMID: 20493521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by physiological events that accompany the "wound healing cascade", the concept of developing a tissue either in vitro or in vivo has led to the integration of a wide variety of growth factors (GFs) in tissue engineering strategies in an effort to mimic the natural microenvironments of tissue formation and repair. Localised delivery of exogenous GFs is believed to be therapeutically effective for replication of cellular components involved in tissue development and the healing process, thus making them important factors for tissue regeneration. However, any treatment aiming to mimic the critical aspects of the natural biological process should not be limited to the provision of a single GF, but rather should release multiple therapeutic agents at an optimised ratio, each at a physiological dose, in a specific spatiotemporal pattern. Despite several obstacles, delivery of more than one GF at rates mimicking an in vivo situation has promising potential for the clinical management of severely diseased tissues. This article summarises the concept of and early approaches toward the delivery of dual or multiple GFs, as well as current efforts to develop sophisticated delivery platforms for this ambitious purpose, with an emphasis on the application of biomaterials-based deployment technologies that allow for controlled spatial presentation and release kinetics of key biological cues. Additionally, the use of platelet-rich plasma or gene therapy is addressed as alternative, easy, cost-effective and controllable strategies for the release of high concentrations of multiple endogenous GFs, followed by an update of the current progress and future directions of research utilising release technologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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