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Cardona HRA, Froes TQ, Souza BCD, Leite FHA, Brandão HN, Buaruang J, Kijjoa A, Alves CQ. Thermal shift assays of marine-derived fungal metabolites from Aspergillus fischeri MMERU 23 against Leishmania major pteridine reductase 1 and molecular dynamics studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11968-11976. [PMID: 34415221 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1966510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Marine-derived fungi are a promising source of bioactive molecules, especially species from extreme habitats. Although several secondary metabolites such as meroterpenoids and alkaloids have been isolated from cultures of Aspergillus fischeri, obtained from terrestrial habitats, there is no report on compounds isolated from marine-derived strains. Many metabolites isolated from marine-derived fungi exhibited a myriad of biological activities. Marine natural products have shown to be an important source of bioactive compounds and can assist in the discovery of molecules with affinity against validated targets from exclusive strains of parasites of medical importance such as pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1), from Leishmania major, which is essential for cell growth. Leishmaniasis is responsible for approximately 65,000 annual deaths. Despite the mortality data, drugs available for the treatment of patients are insufficient and have moderate therapeutic efficacy in addition to serious adverse effects, which make the development of new drugs urgent. The previously described aszonalenin (ASL), aszonapyrone A (ASP), acetylaszonalenin (ACZ), and helvolic acid (HAC) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a marine sponge-associated A. fischeri MMERU 23 and their affinities against PTR1 were determined by ThermoFluor®. Among the tested compounds, only ACZ showed dose-dependent affinity against PTR1. Moreover, complementary molecular dynamics studies (t = 100 000 ps) have showed that this molecule performs hydrogen bonds with key residues at the active site for more than 60% of the productive trajectory time. The results indicate that ACZ could be a promising PTR1 inhibitor and a potential candidate for development of antileishmanial drug.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thamires Q Froes
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno C De Souza
- Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Franco H A Leite
- Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Hugo Neves Brandão
- Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jamrearn Buaruang
- Marine Microbe Environment Research Unit, Division of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clayton Q Alves
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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202
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Kim S, Lim SW, Choi J. Drug discovery inspired by bioactive small molecules from nature. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:254-265. [PMID: 36605590 PMCID: PMC9809404 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2157480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have greatly contributed to the development of novel treatments for human diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and infections. Compared to synthetic chemical compounds, primary and secondary metabolites from medicinal plants, fungi, microorganisms, and our bodies are promising resources with immense chemical diversity and favorable properties for drug development. In addition to the well-validated significance of secondary metabolites, endogenous small molecules derived from central metabolism and signaling events have shown great potential as drug candidates due to their unique metabolite-protein interactions. In this short review, we highlight the values of NPs, discuss recent scientific and technological advances including metabolomics tools, chemoproteomics approaches, and artificial intelligence-based computation platforms, and explore potential strategies to overcome the current challenges in NP-driven drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Seyun Kim
| | - Seol-Wa Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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203
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Arif N, Shafiq Z, Noureen S, Khalid M, Ashraf A, Yaqub M, Irshad S, Khan MU, Arshad MN, Carmo Braga AA, Ragab AH, Al-Mhyawi SR. Synthesis, spectroscopic, SC-XRD/DFT and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of chromene derivatives. RSC Adv 2022; 13:464-477. [PMID: 36605672 PMCID: PMC9769377 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we reported the efficient synthesis of novel, heterocyclic, coumarin-based pyrano-chromene derivatives, 2-amino-8-methyl-5-oxo-4-[2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carbonitrile (4a) and 2-amino-8-methyl-5-oxo-4-[2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylmethoxy)-phenyl]-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester (4b). The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were resolved by employing various spectroscopic techniques like UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H & 13C NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis. The compounds; 4a and 4b, with appealing π-bonded skeleton were further analyzed in terms of their electronic and structural aspects using an integral approach of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD/DFT). The methodology: M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level of theory was applied to compare their experimental data with theoretical outcomes using quantum chemical analysis. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) study revealed that, 4a possesses a low band gap (5.168 eV) as compared to 4b (6.308 eV). Global reactivity parameters were associated with E gap values as 4a, with the lowest band gap showed the smaller value of hardness (0.094 eV) and a larger value of softness (5.266 eV). The non-linear optical (NLO) insight exhibited that, the average polarizability 〈α〉 and second hyperpolarizability (γ tot) were observed in 4a as 6.77005 × 10-23 and 0.145 × 104 esu, respectively. Overall, the computational studies suggest that the investigated compounds have distinct NLO properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Arif
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan-60800Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan-60800Pakistan
| | - Sajida Noureen
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur63100Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan,Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan
| | - Abida Ashraf
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan-60800Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yaqub
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemistry Division, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan-60800Pakistan
| | - Shabana Irshad
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan,Centre for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Nadeem Arshad
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Ataualpa Albert Carmo Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São PauloAv. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748São Paulo05508-000Brazil
| | - Ahmed H. Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid UniversityAbha 62224Saudi Arabia
| | - Saedah R. Al-Mhyawi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of JeddahJeddah 21419Saudi Arabia
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Behera S, Behera A, Mekap SK, Behera CC, Kadam A, Mohanty PK. Periplaneta americana L . a potential source of traditional medicine: chemometric analysis, in vitro and in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9931-9947. [PMID: 34151747 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1938681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
'Mayurbhanj is the ethnic dominant tribal population district in Odisha, India. The triabl's of Mayurbhanj depends on traditional medicines since time immemorial for health-related issues. Due to the imperative ethnic claim of traditional healers, the financial stringency of the patient community and the necessity to produce a better therapeutic effect has led to investigate ethno zoological sources and to find out the biochemical moiety responsible for the healing process. Considering the ethnic communities' acceptability of the zoological source as traditional medicine, the current evidence-based research study is conducted to investigate the biochemical moiety present in Periplaneta americana, responsible for therapeutic activity. The whole powdered Periplaneta americana was extracted using maceration techniques with n-hexane and methanol as solvent. The obtained extracts were subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify the biochemical moiety. To check the potential biological activity, an in-vitro antimicrobial test was carried out in both turbidimetry and a viable count method against E. coli. Moreover, the obtained biochemical molecules were exposed to in silico studies for their binding modes and their affinity using Discovery studio software. The major compounds were found to be hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, n-hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, octadecanoic acid along with other minor constituents. The maximum inhibitory activity of n-hexane and methanol extract against S. aureus at a concentration of 400 µg/mL was found to be 89 and 87%, respectively. The binding models of almost all identified compounds confer very good binding affinities with some key and strong non-covalent interactions with various amino acid residues of receptor active site pocket, which predict the compounds to be potent inhibitors of various infectious bacteria. These findings suggested that the hexane extract of P. americana could be exploited as a potential natural source. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismeeta Behera
- Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.,State Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Amulyaratna Behera
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Suman Kumar Mekap
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Chinmaya Chidananda Behera
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Atul Kadam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Santkrupa College of Pharmacy, Ghogaon, India
| | - Prafulla K Mohanty
- Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
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205
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Cytotoxic Potential of Bioactive Compounds from Aspergillus flavus, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Cynodon dactylon, against Breast Cancer: Experimental and Computational Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248814. [PMID: 36557944 PMCID: PMC9784115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that colonize the inter- or intracellular spaces of plants and exhibit mutual benefits. Their interactions with the host plant and other microbiomes are multidimensional and play a crucial role in the production of secondary metabolites. We screened bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Aspergillus flavus, an endophytic fungus isolated from the roots of the medicinal grass Cynodon dactylon, for its anticancer potential. An in vitro analysis of the Ethyl acetate extract from A. flavus showed significant cytostatic effects (IC50: 16.25 μg/mL) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). A morphological analysis of the cells and a flow cytometry of the cells with annexin V/Propidium Iodide suggested that the extract induced apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells. The extract of A. flavus increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MCF-7 cells. To identify the metabolites that might be responsible for the anticancer effect, the extract was subjected to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Interestingly, nine phytochemicals that induced cytotoxicity in the breast cancer cell line were found in the extract. The in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that two compounds, 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone and 3α, 5 α-cyclo-ergosta-7,9(11), 22t-triene-6beta-ol exhibited significant binding affinities (-9.20, and -9.50 Kcal/mol, respectively) against Bcl-2, along with binding stability and intermolecular interactions of its ligand-Bcl-2 complexes. Overall, the study found that the endophytic A. flavus from C. dactylon contains plant-like bioactive compounds that have a promising effect in breast cancer.
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206
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El-Seedi HR, Kotb SM, Musharraf SG, Shehata AA, Guo Z, Alsharif SM, Saeed A, Hamdi OAA, Tahir HE, Alnefaie R, Verpoorte R, Khalifa SAM. Saudi Arabian Plants: A Powerful Weapon against a Plethora of Diseases. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3436. [PMID: 36559548 PMCID: PMC9783889 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA) ranks fifth in Asia in terms of area. It features broad biodiversity, including interesting flora, and was the historical origin of Islam. It is endowed with a large variety of plants, including many herbs, shrubs, and trees. Many of these plants have a long history of use in traditional medicine. The aim of this review is to evaluate the present knowledge on the plants growing in SA regarding their pharmacological and biological activities and the identification of their bioactive compounds to determine which plants could be of interest for further studies. A systematic summary of the plants' history, distribution, various pharmacological activities, bioactive compounds, and clinical trials are presented in this paper to facilitate future exploration of their therapeutic potential. The literature was obtained from several scientific search engines, including Sci-Finder, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, MDPI, Wiley publications, and Springer Link. Plant names and their synonyms were validated by 'The Plant List' on 1 October 2021. SA is home to approximately 2247 plant species, including native and introduced plants that belong to 142 families and 837 genera. It shares the flora of three continents, with many unique features due to its extreme climate and geographical and geological conditions. As plants remain the leading supplier of new therapeutic agents to treat various ailments, Saudi Arabian plants may play a significant role in the fight against cancer, inflammation, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To date, 102 active compounds have been identified in plants from different sites in SA. Plants from the western and southwestern regions have been evaluated for various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation, and cytotoxic activities. The aerial parts of the plants, especially the leaves, have yielded most of the bioactive compounds. Most bioactivity tests involve in vitro assessments for the inhibition of the growth of tumour cell lines, and several compounds with in vitro antitumour activity have been reported. More in-depth studies to evaluate the mode of action of the compounds are necessary to pave the way for clinical trials. Ecological and taxonomical studies are needed to evaluate the flora of SA, and a plan for the conservation of wild plants should be implemented, including the management of the protection of endemic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Kotb
- Department of Chemistry & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Syed G. Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sultan M. Alsharif
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah 887, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Omer A. A. Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | | | - Rasha Alnefaie
- Department of Biology, Faculity of Science, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65779, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rob Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Secondary Metabolites Diversity of Aspergillus unguis and Their Bioactivities: A Potential Target to Be Explored. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121820. [PMID: 36551248 PMCID: PMC9775040 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus unguis belongs to the Aspergillus section Nidulantes. This species is found in soils and organisms from marine environments, such as jellyfishes and sponges. The first chemical study reported in the literature dates from 1970, with depsidones nidulin (1), nornidulin (2), and unguinol (3) being the first isolated compounds. Fifty-two years since this first study, the isolation and characterization of ninety-seven (97) compounds have been reported. These compounds are from different classes, such as depsides, depsidones, phthalides, cyclopeptides, indanones, diarylethers, pyrones, benzoic acid derivatives, orcinol/orsenillate derivatives, and sesterpenoids. In terms of biological activities, the first studies on isolated compounds from A. unguis came only in the 1990s. Considering the tendency for antiparasitic and antibiotics to become ineffective against resistant microorganisms and larvae, A. unguis compounds have also been extensively investigated and some compounds are considered very promising. In addition to these larvicidal and antimicrobial activities, these compounds also show activity against cancer cell lines, animal growth promotion, antimalarial and antioxidant activities. Despite the diversity of these compounds and reported biological activities, A. unguis remains an interesting target for studies on metabolic induction to produce new compounds, the determination of new biological activities, medicinal chemistry, structural modification, biotechnological approaches, and molecular modeling, which have yet to be extensively explored.
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208
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Nano-technology platforms to increase the antibacterial drug suitability of essential oils: A drug prospective assessment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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209
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Dehghani H, Rashedinia M, Mohebbi GH, Vazirizadeh A, Maryamabadi A, Barmak AR. The in vitro and in silico Anticholinesterase Ac-tivities of Brittle Star (Ophiocoma erinaceus) crude venoms from the Persian Gulf-Bushehr. IRANIAN SOUTH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 25:297-325. [DOI: 10.52547/ismj.25.4.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
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210
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Bruno MC, Gagliardi A, Mancuso A, Barone A, Tarsitano M, Cosco D, Cristiano MC, Fresta M, Paolino D. Oleic acid-based vesicular nanocarriers for topical delivery of the natural drug thymoquinone: Improvement of anti-inflammatory activity. J Control Release 2022; 352:74-86. [PMID: 36228953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The topical administration of a drug compound remains the first choice for the treatment of many local skin ailments. Many skin diseases can be treated by applying the active formulation directly to the skin, but unfortunately some drugs are unable to overcome the stratum corneum and exert their pharmacological action. An example is thymoquinone, a naturally derived drug obtained from Nigella sativa L. and potentially effective in the treatment of inflammatory and oxidative skin conditions. Since its physico-chemical properties are not suitable for overcoming the stratum corneum, we wanted to circumvent the problem by proposing new lipid-based nanovesicles called "oleoethosomes", made up of naturally derived ingredients, for its delivery. Among several formulations of oleoethosomes, the sample made up of 2% (w/w) oleic acid:PL90G 1:1 (molar ratio), and ethanol 15% showed the best physico-chemical characteristics and above all it showed the capacity to contain a suitable amount of thymoquinone (2 mg/ml). The formulation was tested in vitro on stratum corneum and viable epidermis membranes confirming its ability to induce the passage of thymoquinone through the human stratum corneum and to act as a permeation enhancer. In fact, it showed thymoquinone permeation values of 22.63 ± 1.49% regarding the applied drug amount. Oleoethosomes were compared with oleosomes, another kind of naturally derived nanosystems but free of ethanol. The experimental data confirmed that ethanol was an important component that enhanced the activity of the oleoethosomes when tested on the skin of healthy volunteers. The thymoquinone-loaded oleoethosome treatment demonstrated a significantly greater extent of anti-inflammatory activity than the treatment with thymoquinone-loaded oleosomes or the conventional dosage form of the drug. These in vivo results confirmed the synergic effect between oleic acid and ethanol on the lipid and protein compartments of the outermost skin layer, thus promoting a greater penetration capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Bruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Antonia Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Antonella Barone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Martine Tarsitano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Cristiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy.
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy.
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta"- Building of BioSciences, Viale Europa, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy.
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Gupta N, Qayum A, Singh S, Mujwar S, Sangwan PL. Isolation, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, Docking, ADMET and Drug Likeness Studies of Secondary Metabolites from the Stem Bark of
Anthocephalus cadamba
(Roxb.). ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu 180001 India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry M. M. College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana Ambala Haryana India 133207
| | - Arem Qayum
- Cancer Pharmacology Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu 180001 India
| | - Shashank Singh
- Cancer Pharmacology Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu 180001 India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University, Rajpura Punjab India 140401
| | - Payare L. Sangwan
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu 180001 India
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Sahoo A, Jena AK, Panda M. Experimental and clinical trial investigations of phyto-extracts, phyto-chemicals and phyto-formulations against oral lichen planus: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115591. [PMID: 35963418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bio-assay guided phytoextracts and derived phytoconstituents reported having multipotent biological activities and nearly 60-80% of the global population still using natural regimens as an alternative therapeutic source. This study focused on the ethnopharmacological and experimental evidence of natural remedies that are effective in treating oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic T-cell mediated autoimmune disease that is associated with oral cancer transmission. AIM OF THE REVIEW A number of studies have shown that antioxidants and antiinflammatory phytoextracts and phyto-constituents are effective against OLP. In this systematic review, we summarize the details of experimentally assessed ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Indian Ayurveda or Ayurvedic Medicine, and Japanese Kampo Medicine (JKM) regimens (crude extracts, individual phytochemicals, and phyto-formulations) that reduce oral lesion, severity index and pain associated with OLP based on studies conducted in vivo, in vitro, and in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental, clinical and RCT investigation reports were gathered and presented according to PRISMA-2020 format. Briefly, the information was obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley journal library, Scopus, Google Scholar with ClinicalTrials.gov (a clinical trial registry database operated by the National Library of Medicine in the United States). Further, individual phytochemical structures were verified from PubChem and ChemSpider databases and visualized by ChemDraw 18.0 software. RESULTS We summarized 11 crude phytoextracts, 7 individual phytochemicals, 9 crude formulations, 8 specific TCM and JKM herbal cocktails, and 6 RCTs/patents corroborated by multiple in vitro, in vivo and enzyme assay methods. Briefly, plants and their family name, used plant parts, reported phytochemicals and their chemical structure, treatment doses, and duration of each experiment were presented more concisely and scientifically. CONCLUSION Documentation of evidence-based natural ethnomedicines or remedies could be useful for promoting them as potential, cost-effective and less toxic alternatives or as complementary to commonly prescribed steroids towards the control of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaka Sahoo
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
| | - Ajaya K Jena
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Maitreyee Panda
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
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Tekalign E, Tadege G, Fisseha N, Nureye D. Suppressive, Curative, and Prophylactic Effects of Maesa lanceolata Forssk. against Rodent Malaria Parasite Plasmodium berghei. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8901555. [PMID: 36411769 PMCID: PMC9675603 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8901555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The artemisinin partial resistance is believed to be spread to artemisinin-based combination therapy partner drugs. As a result, new antiplasmodial compounds are required to treat resistant malaria infections. In the invention of antimalarial substances, claimed medical plants are precious resources. So, the current study was designed to assess the antiplasmodial effects of Maesa lanceolata in mice. In this study, preliminary phytoconstituent and in vivo acute oral toxicity tests were done. Early infection, established infection, and residual infection tests were employed to determine the antimalarial effects of the test drugs. Three doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of the extracts were provided orally to the test mice. Analysis of variance (one-way) followed by post hoc Tukey's test was used to analyze the difference between and within groups. Terpenoids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids were detected in the phytochemical constituent analysis. Both 80% methanolic crude extract and solvent fractions had no toxic result at the 2000 mg/kg dose. All test drug doses suppressed parasite levels in a significant manner at all tests. The activity of chloroform fraction (maximum percentage suppression, 81.28%) overwhelms the crude extract activity. The curative effects of 80% methanolic crude extract, with a maximum of 80.22% parasitemia suppression, were greater than its suppressive and prophylactic effects. The 400 mg/kg dose of chloroform fraction resulted in a maximum survival period (18 days) than other doses of tested materials. The results of this investigation provide support for the activity of M. lanceolata leaf extract against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyob Tekalign
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, P.O. Box 260, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Tadege
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Nebeyi Fisseha
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Dejen Nureye
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
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214
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Liu YQ, Zhou GB. Promising anticancer activities and mechanisms of action of active compounds from the medicinal herb Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154397. [PMID: 36084403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch (C. minima) has been used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine to treat multiple diseases, including sinusitis, rhinitis, headache, and allergy. To date, the anticancer properties of C. minima have drawn considerable attention owing to the anticancer potential of C. minima extracts, the identification of active components, and the elucidation of underlying molecular mechanisms. However, the anticancer properties and significance of active components in C. minima have rarely been summarized. PURPOSE This review presents a comprehensive summary of the anticancer properties exhibited by active components of C. minima. METHODS An extensive search for published articles on the anticancer activities and active components of C. minima was performed using Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. RESULTS C. minima extracts exhibited both anticancer and chemosensitizing effects. Phytochemical studies have identified the active anticancer components of C. minima extracts. Sesquiterpene lactones, such as 6-O-angeloylplenolin (6-OAP, or brevilin A) and arnicolide D, have similar structures and anticancer mechanisms. As the most abundant sesquiterpene lactone in C. minima, 6-OAP exhibits anticancer activities mainly by targeting Skp1-Cullin1-F-box protein (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). Clinical trials have assessed the potential of 6-OAP in patients with vertex balding and alopecia areata, given its effect on JAK-STATs signaling. Chlorogenic acid, a representative organic acid in C. minima, reportedly possesses anticancer potential and inhibits tumor growth by affecting tumor microenvironment and has been approved for phase II clinical trials in patients with glioma in China. CONCLUSION In the present review, we highlight intriguing anticancer properties mediated by active compounds isolated from C. minima extracts, particularly sesquiterpene lactones, which might provide clues for developing novel anticancer drugs. Relevant clinical trials on chlorogenic acid and 6-OAP can promote anticancer clinical applications. Therefore, it is worth comprehensively elucidating underlying anticancer mechanisms and conducting clinical trials on C. minima and its active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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215
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Wang Y, Xu Y, Liu Z. A review of plant antipathogenic constituents: Source, activity and mechanism. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105225. [PMID: 36464345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Green prevention and control of plant pathogens is a development direction of sustainable and low-carbon agriculture given the limitation of traditional chemicals. Plant-derived antipathogenic constituents (PAPCs) exhibit the advantages of being environmental benign and a broad spectrum of target pathogens over traditional chemicals. Here, we review the research advances on plant sources, chemical compositions, activities of antipathogenic constituents in the past 20 years. Reported PAPCs are classified into categories of phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and antimicrobial peptides. Angiosperms, gymnosperms and some lower plants are the main plant source of detected PAPCs. The PAPCs act on pathogens through multiple pathways including destroying cell structures, blocking key composition synthesis and inhibiting cell metabolism. The development trends of PAPCs are finally prospected. This review serves as a comprehensive review on the study of plant antipathogenic constituents and a key reference for forecasting the source, characteristic and activity of PAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Wang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongdong Xu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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216
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Swain SS, Hussain T. Combined Bioinformatics and Combinatorial Chemistry Tools to Locate Drug-Able Anti-TB Phytochemicals: A Cost-Effective Platform for Natural Product-Based Drug Discovery. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200267. [PMID: 36307750 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Based on extensive experimental studies, a huge number of phytochemicals showed potential activity against tuberculosis (TB) at a lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fewer toxicity profiles. However, these promising drugs have not been able to convert from 'lead' to 'mainstream' due to inadequate drug-ability profiles. Thus, early drug-prospective analyses are required at the primary stage to accelerate natural-product-based drug discovery with limited resources and time. In the present study, we have selected seventy-three potential anti-TB phytochemicals (MIC value ≤10 μg/mL) and assessed the drug-ability profiles using bioinformatics and combinatorial chemistry tools, systematically. Primarily, the molecular docking study was done against two putative drug targets, catalase-peroxidase enzyme (katG) and RNA polymerase subunit-β (rpoB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) using AutoDock 4.2 software. Further, assessed the drug-ability score from Molsoft, toxicity profiles from ProTox, pharmacokinetics from SwisADME, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) by ChemMine tools and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) with Avogadro and structural activity relationships (SAR) analysis with ChemDraw 18.0 software. Above analyses indicated that, lower MIC exhibited anti-TB phytochemicals, abietane, 12-demethylmulticaulin exhibited poor docking and drug-ability scores, while tiliacorinine, 2-nortiliacorinine showed higher binding energy and drug-ability profiles. Overall, tiliacorinine, 2-nortiliacorinine, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (AHR), (2S)-naringenin and isovachhalcone were found as the most active and drug-able anti-TB candidates from 73 candidates. Phytochemicals are always a vital source of mainstream drugs, but the MIC value of a phytochemical is not sufficient for it to be promoted. An ideal drug-ability profile is therefore essential for achieving clinical success, where advanced bioinformatics tools help to assess and analyse that profile. Additionally, several natural pharmacophores found in existing anti-TB drugs in SAR analyses also provide crucial information for developing potential anti-TB drug. As a conclusion, combined bioinformatics and combinatorial chemistry are the most effective strategies to locate potent-cum-drug-able candidates in the current drug-development module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasank S Swain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Tahziba Hussain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
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217
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Shinde RR, Fatema S, Dhawale S, Farooqui M. Design, synthesis, cytotoxicity, and molecular docking studies of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- N-substituted phenyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2137681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra R. Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad, India
| | - Samreen Fatema
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad, India
| | - Sachin Dhawale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shreeyash Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Aurangabad, India
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad, India
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218
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Bhat P, Upadhya V, Hegde GR, Hegde HV, Roy S. Attenuation of dermal wounds through topical application of ointment containing phenol enriched fraction of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025848. [PMID: 36313327 PMCID: PMC9608657 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. is one of the important medicinal plants used by the traditional healers of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka (India) for treating wounds. In our previous study ethanol extract of the plant was evaluated for its wound healing activity. In continuation, the present study was aimed to evaluate the phenol enriched fraction (PEF) of ethanol extract for wound healing activity along with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The potent wound healing activity of PEF was evidenced by observation of increased rate of cell migration in L929, 3T3L1 and L6 cells (92.59 ± 1.53%, 98.42 ± 0.82% and 96.63 ± 0.61% respectively) at 7.81 μg/ml doses in assays carried out in vitro. Significantly enhanced rate of wound contraction (97.92 ± 0.41%), tensile strength (973.67 ± 4.43 g/mm2), hydroxyproline (31.31 ± 0.64 mg/g) and hexosamine (8.30 ± 0.47 mg/g) contents were observed on 15th post wounding day in 5% PEF treated animals. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic cellular antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) were upregulated (15.89 ± 0.17 U/mg, 48.30 ± 4.60 U/mg and 4.04 ± 0.12 μg/g respectively) with the administration of 5% PEF. The significant antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities support the positive correlation of PEF with its enhanced wound healing activity. PEF contains expressive amounts of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents (578.28 ± 2.30 mg GAE/g and 270.76 ± 2.52 mg QE/g). Of the various chemicals displayed in RP-UFLC-DAD analysis of PEF, gallic acid (68.08 μg/mg) and ethyl gallate (255.91 μg/mg) were predominant. The results indicate that PEF has great potential for the topical management of open wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Bhat
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Indian Council of Medical Research, Belagavi, India
- Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
| | - Vinayak Upadhya
- Department of Forest Products and Utilization, College of Forestry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Sirsi, India
| | - Ganesh R. Hegde
- Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
| | - Harsha V. Hegde
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Indian Council of Medical Research, Belagavi, India
| | - Subarna Roy
- National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Indian Council of Medical Research, Belagavi, India
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219
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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Lophanic Acid Derivatives as Antifungal and Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206836. [PMID: 36296430 PMCID: PMC9611534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to discover more promising antifungal and antibacterial agents, a series of new derivatives were designed and synthesized by structure modification based on the naturally occurring antimicrobial compound lophanic acid. The structures of all the target compounds were well characterized by spectroscopic data. The stereochemistry of these compounds was further determined through the X-ray diffraction analysis of 6a. The synthetic compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against filamentous fungi (T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes), yeasts (C. neoformans, C. albicans) and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MRSA, S. mutans, S. sobrinus, and E. coli). Among them, 3d and 3i are found as the most promising leads that showed potent inhibitory effects against all the tested fungal and bacterial strains except for E. coli. The presence of the C-20 carboxylic ester groups and the free hydroxy group at C-13 was found to be essential for the antifungal and antibacterial activities of the lophanic acid derivatives.
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220
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Elattar EM, Shaban M, Saad HEA, Badria FA, Galala AA. Evaluation of antimicrobial, antiquorum sensing, and cytotoxic activities of new vanillin 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36194212 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2130299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Vanillin (1), the main constituent of vanilla species, was used as a starting natural scaffold for the synthesis of five new (2-6) and one known (7) triazole derivatives via click chemistry using the copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition method. Vanillin and its new derivatives; 4-{1-[2-Hydroxymethyl-5-(5 methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl]-1H[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethoxy}-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (2); [4-(4-Formyl-2methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl]-acetic acid methyl ester (3); 4-[1-(4-Acetyl-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethoxy]-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (4); 4-[4-(1-Benzyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethoxy)-3-methoxy-phenyl]-but-3-en-2-one (5); and 4-[4-(1-Benzyl-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethoxy)-3-methoxy-phenyl]-4-hydroxy-butan-2-one (6), as well as the previously known derivative (7) were subjected to antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and cytotoxic evaluation. Compounds 4-7 possessed the most notable enhancement in the anti-bacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. However, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited high antiquorum-sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum using catechin as a positive control. Compounds 4-7 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells compared to normal lung fibroblast cells (WI-38). These findings proved the usefulness of synthesis bioactive derivatives from vanillin through chemical modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Elattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona Shaban
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan-Elrady A Saad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal A Galala
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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221
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Singh G, Dal Grande F, Schmitt I. Genome mining as a biotechnological tool for the discovery of novel biosynthetic genes in lichens. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:993171. [PMID: 37746187 PMCID: PMC10512267 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.993171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) and their derivatives are a major contributor to modern medicine. Historically, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi have been instrumental in generating drugs and lead compounds because of the ease of culturing and genetically manipulating them. However, the ever-increasing demand for novel drugs highlights the need to bioprospect previously unexplored taxa for their biosynthetic potential. Next-generation sequencing technologies have expanded the range of organisms that can be explored for their biosynthetic content, as these technologies can provide a glimpse of an organism's entire biosynthetic landscape, without the need for cultivation. The entirety of biosynthetic genes can be compared to the genes of known function to identify the gene clusters potentially coding for novel products. In this study, we mine the genomes of nine lichen-forming fungal species of the genus Umbilicaria for biosynthetic genes, and categorize the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) as "associated product structurally known" or "associated product putatively novel". Although lichen-forming fungi have been suggested to be a rich source of NPs, it is not known how their biosynthetic diversity compares to that of bacteria and non-lichenized fungi. We found that 25%-30% of biosynthetic genes are divergent as compared to the global database of BGCs, which comprises 1,200,000 characterized biosynthetic genes from plants, bacteria, and fungi. Out of 217 BGCs, 43 were highly divergant suggesting that they potentially encode structurally and functionally novel NPs. Clusters encoding the putatively novel metabolic diversity comprise polyketide synthases (30), non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (12), and terpenes (1). Our study emphasizes the utility of genomic data in bioprospecting microorganisms for their biosynthetic potential and in advancing the industrial application of unexplored taxa. We highlight the untapped structural metabolic diversity encoded in the lichenized fungal genomes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation identifying genes coding for NPs with potentially novel properties in lichenized fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singh
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Dal Grande
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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222
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From Tradition to Health: Chemical and Bioactive Characterization of Five Traditional Plants. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196495. [PMID: 36235035 PMCID: PMC9571014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Several scientific studies have been proving the bioactive effects of many aromatic and medicinal plants associated with the presence of a high number of bioactive compounds, namely phenolic compounds. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial capacities of these molecules have aroused high interest in some industrial sectors, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This work aimed to determine the phenolic profiles of the infusions and hydroethanolic extracts of five plants (Carpobrotus edulis, Genista tridentata, Verbascum sinuatum, Cytisus multiflorus, and Calluna vulgaris) that have been employed in many traditional preparations. In addition, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral activity of each different preparation was evaluated using in vitro assays. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS profile revealed the presence of eighty phenolic compounds, belonging to seven different families of compounds. Regarding antioxidant properties, the hydroethanolic extract of C. edulis showed a potent effect in the TBARS assay (IC50 = 1.20 µg/mL), while G. tridentata hydroethanolic extract achieved better results in the OxHLIA test (IC50 = 76 µg/mL). For cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory results, V. sinuatum infusions stood out significantly, with GI50 = 59.1–92.1 µg/mL and IC50 = 121.1 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, C. edulis hydroethanolic extract displayed the most relevant antibacterial activity, showing MBC values of 0.25–1 mg/mL, while G. tridentata hydroethanolic extract exerted the greatest antifungal effects (MFC of 0.5–1 mg/mL). The results of this study deepen the knowledge of the phenolic profiles and also provide evidence on the bioactive properties of the species selected, which could be considered highly valuable options for research and application in several sectors, namely food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
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223
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Vidya Raj CK, Venugopal J, Muthaiah M, Chadha VK, Brammacharry U, Swappna M, Sangeetha AV, Dhandapani SP, Kareedhi VR, Calivarathan L, Karthick M, Jayapal K. In-vitro anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect of Eugenol. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 69:647-654. [PMID: 36460403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis has developed resistance to most of the available antimicrobials. Therefore research on the detection of new antimicrobials against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is needed urgently. Essential oils extracted from plants have been shown to have anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect in in-vitro experiments. Essential oil contains many chemicals and any one or more than one chemical may have the anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect. Eugenol is one such chemical in the essential oil and the anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect of eugenol is investigated. METHODS The anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect of eugenol was evaluated against H37Rv and twelve clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the BD BACTEC MGIT instrument using different volumes of eugenol. RESULTS H37Rv and all the twelve clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were inhibited by eugenol. The minimal inhibitory concentration of H37Rv was 2.5 μl (2.67 mg) and those of the clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ranged from to 2.5 μl (2.67 mg) to 10 μl (10.68 mg). CONCLUSION Eugenol has anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect in the in-vitro BD BACTEC MGIT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Vidya Raj
- State TB Training & Demonstration Center, Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Government Hospital for Chest Diseases, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Jayapal Venugopal
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University (Grade A), Pillaiyar Kuppam, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, 607 402, India.
| | - Muthuraj Muthaiah
- State TB Training & Demonstration Center, Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Government Hospital for Chest Diseases, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | | | - Usharani Brammacharry
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Tharamani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - M Swappna
- Central Leprosy Teaching & Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603001, India
| | - A V Sangeetha
- Central Leprosy Teaching & Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603001, India
| | - Senthil Pragash Dhandapani
- Central Leprosy Teaching & Research Institute, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603001, India
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El Mahdi O, Ouakil A, Lachkar M. Non-volatile constituents from Monimiaceae, Siparunaceae and Atherospermataceae plant species and their bioactivities: An up-date covering 2000-2021. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 202:113291. [PMID: 35787353 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Monimiaceae, Siparunaceae, and Atherospermataceae, formerly included in the broad ''old'' Monimiaceae family, have long been known for their uses in traditional medicine and have proven to be rich sources of chemically diverse specialized metabolites with numerous potent biological and therapeutical properties. The progress made recently has expanded their phytochemistry and pharmacology albeit to different extents. This review focuses on the non-volatile constituents isolated from the three plant families during the last two decades and their emerging therapeutic potential. Based on the data collected from multiple databases without statistical analysis, approximately 93 components, of which 35 undescribed compounds including γ-lactones, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and homogentisic acid derivatives, have been reported. Moreover, diverse biological activities of pure isolated compounds such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral, and antibacterial activities have been evidenced. Besides offering new important perspectives for different diseases' management, the chemical and biological diversities among the isolated compounds, open promising avenues of research and contribute to renewed interest in these families needing further studies. This review provides an updated overview of their potential as sources of leads for drug discovery, while also highlighting ongoing challenges and future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouafâa El Mahdi
- Laboratory of Natural Ressources and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, B.P. 1223, Taza Gare, Morocco.
| | - Abdelmoughite Ouakil
- Faculty of Sciences Dhar Lmehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Lachkar
- Faculty of Sciences Dhar Lmehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000, Fez, Morocco
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225
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Prasad SR, Kumar P, Mandal S, Mohan A, Chaurasia R, Shrivastava A, Nikhil P, Aishwarya D, Ramalingam P, Gajbhiye R, Singh S, Dasgupta A, Chourasia M, Ravichandiran V, Das P, Mandal D. Mechanistic insight into the role of mevalonate kinase by a natural fatty acid-mediated killing of Leishmania donovani. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16453. [PMID: 36180490 PMCID: PMC9525708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the anti-leishmanial efficacy of different saturated medium-chain fatty acids (FAs, C8–C18) where FA containing C8 chain, caprylic acid (CA), was found to be most potent against Leishmania donovani, the causative agent for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Different analogs of CA with C8 linear chain, but not higher, along with a carboxyl/ester group showed a similar anti-leishmanial effect. Ergosterol depletion was the major cause of CA-mediated cell death. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies indicated the enzyme mevalonate kinase (MevK) of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway as a possible target of CA. Enzyme assays with purified recombinant MevK and CA/CA analogs confirmed the target with a competitive inhibition pattern. Using biochemical and biophysical studies; strong binding interaction between MevK and CA/CA analogs was established. Further, using parasites with overexpressed MevK and proteomics studies of CA-treated parasites the direct role of MevK as the target was validated. We established the mechanism of the antileishmanial effect of CA, a natural product, against VL where toxicity and drug resistance with current chemotherapeutics demand an alternative. This is the first report on the identification of an enzymatic target with kinetic parameters and mechanistic insights against any organism for a natural medium-chain FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Rajit Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Prakash Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Saptarshi Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Anu Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Radhika Chaurasia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Ashish Shrivastava
- Translational Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Research Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, G.B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Pallaprolu Nikhil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Dande Aishwarya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - P Ramalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Rahul Gajbhiye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Shriya Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Rd, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Arunava Dasgupta
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Rd, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mukesh Chourasia
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India.,National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Prolay Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Debabrata Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Vaishali District, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India.
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226
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The Effects of Drying Techniques on Phytochemical Contents and Biological Activities on Selected Bamboo Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196458. [PMID: 36234995 PMCID: PMC9571890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of bamboos has acquired global attention. Nonetheless, the biological activities of the plants are rarely considered due to limited available references in Sabah, Malaysia. Furthermore, the drying technique could significantly affect the retention and degradation of nutrients in bamboos. Consequently, the current study investigated five drying methods, namely, sun, shade, microwave, oven, and freeze-drying, of the leaves of six bamboo species, Bambusa multiplex, Bambusa tuldoides, Bambusa vulgaris, Dinochloa sublaevigata, Gigantochloa levis, and Schizostachyum brachycladum. The infused bamboo leaves extracts were analysed for their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The antioxidant activities of the samples were determined via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, whereas their toxicities were evaluated through the brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). The chemical constituents of the samples were determined using liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The freeze-drying method exhibited the highest phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity yield, excluding the B. vulgaris sample, in which the microwave-dried sample recorded the most antioxidant and phytochemical levels. The TPC and TFC results were within the 2.69 ± 0.01−12.59 ± 0.09 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 0.77 ± 0.01−2.12 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g ranges, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) were 2.92 ± 0.01−4.73 ± 0.02 and 1.89−0.01 to 3.47 ± 0.00 µg/mL, respectively, indicating high radical scavenging activities. The FRAP values differed significantly between the drying methods, within the 6.40 ± 0.12−36.65 ± 0.09 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g range. The phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacities exhibited a moderate correlation, revealing that the TPC and TFC were slightly responsible for the antioxidant activities. The toxicity assessment of the bamboo extracts in the current study demonstrated no toxicity against the BSLA based on the LC50 (lethal concentration 50) analysis at >1000 µg/mL. LC-MS analysis showed that alkaloid and pharmaceutical compounds influence antioxidant activities, as found in previous studies. The acquired information might aid in the development of bamboo leaves as functional food items, such as bamboo tea. They could also be investigated for their medicinal ingredients that can be used in the discovery of potential drugs.
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227
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Doan NQH, Nguyen NTK, Duong VB, Nguyen HTT, Vong LB, Duong DN, Nguyen NTT, Nguyen TLT, Do TTH, Truong TN. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of 1-Aryl-1 H-pyrazole-Fused Curcumin Analogues as Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33963-33984. [PMID: 36188331 PMCID: PMC9520563 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the growing burden of cancer and the shortcomings of chemotherapy in cancer treatment are the current research goals. Research to overcome the limitations of curcumin and to improve its anticancer activity via its heterocycle-fused monocarbonyl analogues (MACs) has immense potential. In this study, 32 asymmetric MACs fused with 1-aryl-1H-pyrazole (7a-10h) were synthesized and characterized to develop new curcumin analogues. Subsequently, via initial screening for cytotoxic activity, nine compounds exhibited potential growth inhibition against MDA-MB-231 (IC50 2.43-7.84 μM) and HepG2 (IC50 4.98-14.65 μM), in which seven compounds showing higher selectivities on two cancer cell lines than the noncancerous LLC-PK1 were selected for cell-free in vitro screening for effects on microtubule assembly activity. Among those, compounds 7d, 7h, and 10c showed effective inhibitions of microtubule assembly at 20.0 μM (40.76-52.03%), indicating that they could act as microtubule-destabilizing agents. From the screening results, three most potential compounds, 7d, 7h, and 10c, were selected for further evaluation of cellular effects on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The apoptosis-inducing study indicated that these three compounds could cause morphological changes at 1.0 μM and could enhance caspase-3 activity (1.33-1.57 times) at 10.0 μM in MDA-MB-231 cells, confirming their apoptosis-inducing activities. Additionally, in cell cycle analysis, compounds 7d and 7h at 2.5 μM and 10c at 5.0 μM also arrested MDA-MB-231 cells in the G2/M phase. Finally, the results from in silico studies revealed that the predicted absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and the toxicity (ADMET) profile of the most potent MACs might have several advantages in addition to potential disadvantages, and compound 7h could bind into (ΔG -10.08 kcal·mol-1) and access wider space at the colchicine-binding site (CBS) than that of colchicine or nocodazole via molecular docking studies. In conclusion, our study serves as a basis for the design of promising synthetic compounds as anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Q. H. Doan
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ngan T. K. Nguyen
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vu B. Duong
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ha T. T. Nguyen
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Long B. Vong
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Diem N. Duong
- Immunology
Lab, Vaccines and Biologicals Production Department, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyet-Thu T. Nguyen
- Immunology
Lab, Vaccines and Biologicals Production Department, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen L. T. Nguyen
- Saigon
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Center, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuoi T. H. Do
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen N. Truong
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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228
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The Regulatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Ferroptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4578381. [PMID: 36193068 PMCID: PMC9526626 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4578381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has significantly contributed to protecting human health and promoting the progress of world civilization. A total of 2,711 TCMs are included in the 2020 version of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which is an integral part of the world’s medical resources. Tu Youyou and her team discovered and purified artemisinin. And their contributions made the values and advantageous effects of TCM more and more recognized by the international community. There has been a lot of studies on TCM to treat diseases through antioxidant mechanisms, the reports on the new mechanisms beyond antioxidants of TCM has also increased year by year. Recently, many TCMs appear to have significant effects in regulating ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic, regulated cell death characterized by intracellular lipid peroxide accumulation and oxidative membrane damage. Recently, accumulating studies have demonstrated that numerous organ injuries and pathophysiological process of many diseases are companied with ferroptosis, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, acute renal injury, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. This work mainly introduces dozens of TCMs that can regulate ferroptosis and their possible mechanisms and targets.
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229
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Raidron C, Jordaan A, Seldon R, Warner DF, de Kock C, Taylor D, Louw S, Sunassee S, Hans RH. Antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities of crude and lead-like enhanced extracts from Namibian medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 295:115389. [PMID: 35589021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eight indigenous medicinal plants which are used traditionally for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and associated symptoms, were selected for this study. AIM OF STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities of the organic and aqueous crude extracts of different plant parts, by comparing the activities of subfractions (lead-like enhanced [LLE] extracts and methanol fractions) prepared from the bioactive crude extracts. MATERIALS & METHODS Crude aqueous and organic extracts were prepared for 25 different plant parts obtained from eight plant species. In vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase assay against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 and in vitro antimycobacterial activity determined against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv-GFP strain in a standard broth microdilution assay. The bioactive crude extracts were subjected to solid phase extraction with Strata-X 33 μm reversed phase cartridges and eluted with 70:30 MeOH: H2O:1% trifluoroacetic acid to yield the LLE extract, followed by a methanol rinse, herein referred to as the MeOH fraction. Both fractions were evaluated for antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activity. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) profiling of the crude and active fractions of the phytochemically unexplored Sarcocaulon marlothii Engl. were performed to aid the identification of a potential antiplasmodial lead compound. RESULTS Ten of the aqueous and organic crude extracts displayed antimycobacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) values ranging from 9.9 to 86.8 μg/mL, and four crude extracts showed antiplasmodial activity with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values between 5.2 and 17.8 μg/mL. Although the stems of S. marlothii are traditionally used to treat TB and related symptoms, the two crude extracts displayed weak antimycobacterial activity (MIC90 > 100 μg/mL) while the crude organic extract displayed moderate antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 value of 8.8 μg/mL. None of the LLE extracts prepared from the ten antimycobacterial-active crudes displayed any significant activity (MIC90 > 125 μg/mL). In contrast, fractionation of three antiplasmodial-active, crude organic extracts yielded MeOH fractions which displayed a 2-fold to 19-fold increase in activity. The 1H-NMR profiles of the active MeOH fraction (IC50 4.3 μg/mL) of S. marlothii (organic, stem) revealed the likely presence of an unidentified trisubstituted cinnamic acid derivative as one of the major compounds and UPLC-MS/MS data provided additional evidence that the compound may be a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative. Unfortunately, owing to the paucity of the material obtained, we were unable to purify and unequivocally determine the structure of this active compound. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on the phytochemical profiling of S. marlothii and, based on the antiplasmodial activity recorded, it merits an in-depth phytochemical analysis for the unequivocal characterization of a potential antiplasmodial lead compound. Results from this study lend support to the effectiveness of extract enrichment in combination with NMR fingerprinting for antiplasmodial lead identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestine Raidron
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Material Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Namibia, Private Bag, 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Audrey Jordaan
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology, and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Ronnett Seldon
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology, and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Digby F Warner
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pathology, and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Carmen de Kock
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Dale Taylor
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Stefan Louw
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Material Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Namibia, Private Bag, 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Suthananda Sunassee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Renate Hazel Hans
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Material Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Namibia, Private Bag, 13301, Windhoek, Namibia.
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Togre NS, Vargas AM, Bhargavi G, Mallakuntla MK, Tiwari S. Fragment-Based Drug Discovery against Mycobacteria: The Success and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10669. [PMID: 36142582 PMCID: PMC9500838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses an increasing global threat that urgently demands the development of new potent anti-mycobacterial drugs. One of the approaches toward the identification of new drugs is fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD), which is the most ingenious among other drug discovery models, such as structure-based drug design (SBDD) and high-throughput screening. Specialized techniques, such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and many others, are part of the drug discovery approach to combat the Mtb and NTM global menaces. Moreover, the primary drawbacks of traditional methods, such as the limited measurement of biomolecular toxicity and uncertain bioavailability evaluation, are successfully overcome by the FBDD approach. The current review focuses on the recognition of fragment-based drug discovery as a popular approach using virtual, computational, and biophysical methods to identify potent fragment molecules. FBDD focuses on designing optimal inhibitors against potential therapeutic targets of NTM and Mtb (PurC, ArgB, MmpL3, and TrmD). Additionally, we have elaborated on the challenges associated with the FBDD approach in the identification and development of novel compounds. Insights into the applications and overcoming the challenges of FBDD approaches will aid in the identification of potential therapeutic compounds to treat drug-sensitive and drug-resistant NTMs and Mtb infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sangeeta Tiwari
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Centre, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Steverding D, do Nascimento LG, Perez-Castillo Y, de Sousa DP. Gallic Acid Alkyl Esters: Trypanocidal and Leishmanicidal Activity, and Target Identification via Modeling Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185876. [PMID: 36144611 PMCID: PMC9501172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight gallic acid alkyl esters (1−8) were synthesized via Fischer esterification and evaluated for their trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity using bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei and promastigotes of Leishmania major. The general cytotoxicity of the esters was evaluated with human HL-60 cells. The compounds displayed moderate to good trypanocidal but zero to low leishmanicidal activity. Gallic acid esters with alkyl chains of three or four carbon atoms in linear arrangement (propyl (4), butyl (5), and isopentyl (6)) were found to be the most trypanocidal compounds with 50% growth inhibition values of ~3 μM. On the other hand, HL-60 cells were less susceptible to the compounds, thus, resulting in moderate selectivity indices (ratio of cytotoxic to trypanocidal activity) of >20 for the esters 4−6. Modeling studies combining molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the trypanocidal mechanism of action of gallic acid alkyl esters could be related to the inhibition of the T. brucei alternative oxidase. This suggestion is supported by the observation that trypanosomes became immobile within minutes when incubated with the esters in the presence of glycerol as the sole substrate. These results indicate that gallic acid alkyl esters are interesting compounds to be considered for further antitrypanosomal drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Steverding
- Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (D.P.d.S.)
| | - Lázaro Gomes do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Yunierkis Perez-Castillo
- Bio-Cheminformatics Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170516, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Área de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170516, Ecuador
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (D.P.d.S.)
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Protection against Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress by Curcuma longa Extract-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Embryos. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183773. [PMID: 36145919 PMCID: PMC9503139 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between oxidative stress and environmental factors plays an important role in chronic degenerative diseases; therefore, exogenous antioxidants could be an effective alternative to combat disease progression and/or most significant symptoms. Curcuma longa L. (CL), commonly known as turmeric, is mostly composed of curcumin, a multivalent molecule described as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Poor chemical stability and low oral bioavailability and, consequently, poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and limited tissue distribution are major restrictions to its applicability. The advent of nanotechnology, by combining nanosacale with multi-functionality and bioavailability improvement, offers an opportunity to overcome these limitations. Therefore, in this work, poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles were developed to incorporate the methanolic extract of CL, and their bioactivity was assessed in comparison to free or encapsulated curcumin. Their toxicity was evaluated using zebrafish embryos by applying the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity test, following recommended OECD guidelines. The protective effect against paraquat-induced oxidative damage of CL extract, free or encapsulated in PCL nanoparticles, was evaluated. This herbicide is known to cause oxidative damage and greatly affect neuromotor functions. The overall results indicate that CL-loaded PCL nanoparticles have an interesting protective capacity against paraquat-induced damage, particularly in neuromuscular development that goes well beyond that of CL extract itself and other known antioxidants.
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de Oliveira TE, Greatti VR, Sorrechia R, Pietro RCLR. Antimicrobial activity: potential of Spondias purpurea (Anacardiaceae) against bacterial and fungal species. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 36099168 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Plants have been used as medicines for centuries to treat human diseases. Studies with plants are extremely important for the development of future drugs that can benefit the human population.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. With the emergence of pathogens resistant to antimicrobial agents, there is an urgent need to direct research towards the discovery of new antimicrobials.Aim. In this study, Spondias purpurea L. (Anacardiaceae) was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.Methodology. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the MIC using the 96-well plate microdilution technique of ethanolic, hexanic and dicloromethanic extracts of dried S. purpurea leaves against bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi. The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) method. To evaluate the safety of extracts, a cytotoxicity study against HaCat, J774 and HepG2 cells was performed.Results. The extracts had no activity against the bacteria at the maximum concentration of 5.0 mg ml-1, but showed fungistatic action against Candida species and dermatophytes. The ethanolic extract showed 88 % antioxidant activity and showed no significant cytotoxicity against the previously mentioned cells.Conclusion. This study showed that the 100 % ethanolic (EtOH) extract was favourable for antifungal and antioxidant activities and did not present significant cytotoxicity against the three studied cell lines, indicating that S. purpurea leaves are promising for the development of new antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Emboaba de Oliveira
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, Km 1, CEP 14800-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Raquel Greatti
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, Km 1, CEP 14800-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sorrechia
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, Km 1, CEP 14800-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire C L R Pietro
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, Km 1, CEP 14800-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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234
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Progress and Impact of Latin American Natural Product Databases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091202. [PMID: 36139041 PMCID: PMC9496143 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are a rich source of structurally novel molecules, and the chemical space they encompass is far from being fully explored. Over history, NPs have represented a significant source of bioactive molecules and have served as a source of inspiration for developing many drugs on the market. On the other hand, computer-aided drug design (CADD) has contributed to drug discovery research, mitigating costs and time. In this sense, compound databases represent a fundamental element of CADD. This work reviews the progress toward developing compound databases of natural origin, and it surveys computational methods, emphasizing chemoinformatic approaches to profile natural product databases. Furthermore, it reviews the present state of the art in developing Latin American NP databases and their practical applications to the drug discovery area.
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Sebak M, Molham F, Greco C, Tammam MA, Sobeh M, El-Demerdash A. Chemical diversity, medicinal potentialities, biosynthesis, and pharmacokinetics of anthraquinones and their congeners derived from marine fungi: a comprehensive update. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24887-24921. [PMID: 36199881 PMCID: PMC9434105 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03610j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine fungi receive excessive attention as prolific producers of structurally unique secondary metabolites, offering promising potential as substitutes or conjugates for current therapeutics, whereas existing research has only scratched the surface in terms of secondary metabolite diversity and potential industrial applications as only a small share of bioactive natural products have been identified from marine-derived fungi thus far. Anthraquinones derived from filamentous fungi are a distinct large group of polyketides containing compounds which feature a common 9,10-dioxoanthracene core, while their derivatives are generated through enzymatic reactions such as methylation, oxidation, or dimerization to produce a large variety of anthraquinone derivatives. A considerable number of reported anthraquinones and their derivatives have shown significant biological activities as well as highly economical, commercial, and biomedical potentialities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Accordingly, and in this context, this review comprehensively covers the state-of-art over 20 years of about 208 structurally diverse anthraquinones and their derivatives isolated from different species of marine-derived fungal genera along with their reported bioactivity wherever applicable. Also, in this manuscript, we will present in brief recent insights centred on their experimentally proved biosynthetic routes. Moreover, all reported compounds were extensively investigated for their in-silico drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics properties which intriguingly highlighted a list of 20 anthraquinone-containing compounds that could be considered as potential drug lead scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sebak
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62514 Egypt
| | - Fatma Molham
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62514 Egypt
| | - Claudio Greco
- Molecular Microbiology Department, The John Innes Center Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK
| | - Mohamed A Tammam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University Fayoum 63514 Egypt
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P) Ben Guerir Morocco
| | - Amr El-Demerdash
- Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt +00447834240424
- Department of Metabolic Biology and Biological Chemistry, The John Innes Center Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK
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Wang Y, Yu F, Li A, He Z, Qu C, He C, Ma X, Zhan H. The progress and prospect of natural components in rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) in the treatment of renal fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919967. [PMID: 36105187 PMCID: PMC9465315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal fibrosis is a key pathological change that occurs in the progression of almost all chronic kidney diseases . CKD has the characteristics of high morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is increasing each year on a global scale, which seriously affects people’s health and quality of life. Natural products have been used for new drug development and disease treatment for many years. The abundant natural products in R. ribes L. can intervene in the process of renal fibrosis in different ways and have considerable therapeutic prospects. Purpose: The etiology and pathology of renal fibrosis were analyzed, and the different ways in which the natural components of R. ribes L. can intervene and provide curative effects on the process of renal fibrosis were summarized. Methods: Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Life Science, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, were searched using the keywords ‘R. ribes L.’, ‘kidney fibrosis’, ‘emodin’ and ‘rhein’, and the various ways in which the natural ingredients protect against renal fibrosis were collected and sorted out. Results: We analyzed several factors that play a leading role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, such as the mechanism of the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Additionally, we reviewed the progress of the treatment of renal fibrosis with natural components in R. ribes L. and the intervention mechanism of the crucial therapeutic targets. Conclusion: The natural components of R. ribes L. have a wide range of intervention effects on renal fibrosis targets, which provides new ideas for the development of new anti-kidney fibrosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangwei Yu
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ao Li
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijia He
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiyan Qu
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiying He
- Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Huakui Zhan,
| | - Huakui Zhan
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Sichuan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Huakui Zhan,
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237
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In Vitro and Human Pilot Studies of Different Topical Formulations Containing Rosa Species for the Treatment of Psoriasis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175499. [PMID: 36080266 PMCID: PMC9458126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of the extracts from three Rosa species (R. canina, R. damascena, R. cairo), to develop and investigate topical formulations with lyophilized forms of extracts for the treatment of psoriasis. Phytochemical screening and in vitro total antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC, SOD) of studied samples were examined and compared. Lyophilized extracts of roses were dissolved in Transcutol HP and different formulations of creams were prepared. Franz diffusion method was used to evaluate the drug release and biocompatibility was tested on HaCaT cells. Rosa damascene had the best results regarding all the analyses that were conducted. After the evaluation of topical products, the formulation with Rosa damascena extract in a self-emulsifying drug delivery system was tested on a human clinical study that involved 20 patients. At the end of the clinical study an improvement in the quality of life of the patients was observed and erythema, induration and scaling were reduced. The present study indicates that our examined extracts exhibited great phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and safety profile of topical formulation and therefore can be used as a reliable source of natural antioxidants and may be used as a complementary treatment to improve the quality life of patients with psoriasis or may be tested on another diseases.
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Thomson RES, D'Cunha SA, Hayes MA, Gillam EMJ. Use of engineered cytochromes P450 for accelerating drug discovery and development. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 95:195-252. [PMID: 35953156 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous steps in drug development, including the generation of authentic metabolites and late-stage functionalization of candidates, necessitate the modification of often complex molecules, such as natural products. While it can be challenging to make the required regio- and stereoselective alterations to a molecule using purely chemical catalysis, enzymes can introduce changes to complex molecules with a high degree of stereo- and regioselectivity. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are biocatalysts of unequalled versatility, capable of regio- and stereoselective functionalization of unactivated CH bonds by monooxygenation. Collectively they catalyze over 60 different biotransformations on structurally and functionally diverse organic molecules, including natural products, drugs, steroids, organic acids and other lipophilic molecules. This catalytic versatility and substrate range makes them likely candidates for application as potential biocatalysts for industrial chemistry. However, several aspects of the P450 catalytic cycle and other characteristics have limited their implementation to date in industry, including: their lability at elevated temperature, in the presence of solvents, and over lengthy incubation times; the typically low efficiency with which they metabolize non-natural substrates; and their lack of specificity for a single metabolic pathway. Protein engineering by rational design or directed evolution provides a way to engineer P450s for industrial use. Here we review the progress made to date toward engineering the properties of P450s, especially eukaryotic forms, for industrial application, and including the recent expansion of their catalytic repertoire to include non-natural reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raine E S Thomson
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephlina A D'Cunha
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin A Hayes
- Compound Synthesis and Management, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth M J Gillam
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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239
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Diaporine Potentiates the Anticancer Effects of Oxaliplatin and Doxorubicin on Liver Cancer Cells. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081318. [PMID: 36013267 PMCID: PMC9410505 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that diaporine, a novel fungal metabolic product, has a strong in vitro and in vivo anticancer effect on human non-small-cell lung and breast cancers. In this study, three human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh7) were used to evaluate the efficacy of diaporine alone and in combination with the standard cytotoxic drugs oxaliplatin and doxorubicin for the treatment of liver cancer. We demonstrated that diaporine, oxaliplatin, and doxorubicin triggered a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in the number of HepG2 cells. Diaporine at a concentration of 2.5 μM showed almost 100% inhibition of cell counts at 72 h. Similar effects were observed only with much higher concentrations (100 μM) of oxaliplatin or doxorubicin. Decreases in cell numbers after 48 h treatment with diaporine, oxaliplatin, and doxorubicin were also demonstrated in two additional hepatoma cell lines, Hep3B and Huh7. The combination of these drugs at low concentration for 48 h in vitro noticeably showed that diaporine improved the inhibitory effect on the number of cancer cells induced by oxaliplatin or doxorubicin. Additionally, this combination effectively inhibited colony growth in vitro. We found that inhibition of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 significantly increased when diaporine was used in combination with other agents. In addition, we also found that when diaporine was used in combination with doxorubicin or oxaliplatin, their proapoptotic effect greatly increased. We further revealed that the induction of apoptosis in hepatoma cells after treatment is due, at least in part, to the inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT, leading to the activation of caspase-3, inactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and subsequently to DNA damage, as indicated by the increased level of H2AX. Based on these findings, we suggest that diaporine in combination with the standard cytotoxic drugs oxaliplatin and doxorubicin may play a role in the treatment of liver cancer.
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240
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Covington BC, Seyedsayamdost MR. Vitamin B3 Triggers Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolite Dormancy Signals in Streptococcus suis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14997-15001. [PMID: 35969232 PMCID: PMC10171913 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human-associated streptococci have not been viewed as productive sources of natural products. Against expectation, bioinformatic searches recently revealed a large collection of diverse biosynthetic gene clusters coding for ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) in streptococcal genomes. The most abundant of these, the tqq gene cluster, is specific to Streptococcus suis, a burdensome agricultural pathogen and zoonotic agent. Herein, we used high-throughput elicitor screening to identify both small molecule elicitors and products of the tqq cluster. We show that the B3 vitamin niacin effectively elicits the tqq cluster leading to the biosynthesis of a family of RiPP natural products, which we termed threoglucins and characterized structurally. The defining feature of threoglucins is an aliphatic ether bond giving rise to a substituted 1,3-oxazinane heterocycle in the peptide backbone. Isolation of 22 congeners of threoglucins facilitated structure activity relationship studies, demonstrating the requirement for the oxazinane substructure and a Trp-Tyr C-terminal dyad for biological activity, namely antibiotic persistence and allolysis at low and high doses, respectively. Potential therapeutic applications of threoglucins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett C Covington
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Mohammad R Seyedsayamdost
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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The Rare Actinobacterium Crossiella sp. Is a Potential Source of New Bioactive Compounds with Activity against Bacteria and Fungi. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081575. [PMID: 36013993 PMCID: PMC9415966 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a global problem in recent decades. A gradual reduction in drug discoveries has led to the current antimicrobial resistance crisis. Caves and other subsurface environments are underexplored thus far, and they represent indispensable ecological niches that could offer new molecules of interest to medicine and biotechnology. We explored Spanish show caves to test the bioactivity of the bacteria dwelling in the walls and ceilings, as well as airborne bacteria. We reported the isolation of two strains of the genus Crossiella, likely representing a new species, isolated from Altamira Cave, Spain. In vitro and in silico analyses showed the inhibition of pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, as well as the taxonomical distance of both strains from their closest relative, Crossiella cryophila. The presence of an exclusive combination of gene clusters involved in the synthesis of lanthipeptides, lasso peptides, nonribosomal peptides and polyketides indicates that species of this genus could represent a source of new compounds. Overall, there is promising evidence for antimicrobial discovery in subterranean environments, which increases the possibility of identifying new bioactive molecules.
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242
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Sarli DA, Teixeira Gomes G, Reznikov S, Acosta FF, Fariña JI, Delgado OD, Sánchez LA. Cold-adapted strains as plant growth-promoting bacteria on soybean seeds and biocontrol agents against Macrophomina phaseolina. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2835-2850. [PMID: 35921041 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To characterise cold-adapted bacteria by testing their PGP features and antagonistic activity against Macrophomina phaseolina, both in vitro and coating soybean seeds (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). METHODS AND RESULTS Burkholderia gladioli MB39, Serratia proteamaculans 136 and Serratia proteamaculans 137 were evaluated. In vitro tests showed that S. proteamaculans 136 and 137 produce siderophore and indole-acetic acid (IAA), solubilise phosphate and fix nitrogen. Additionally, B. gladioli MB39 and S. proteamaculans 137 showed hydrolase activity and potent antifungal effects. The biocontrol efficacy over soybean seeds was evaluated using in vitro and green-house methods by immersing seeds into each bacterial suspension. As a result, S. proteamaculans 136 has improved the performance in all the seed-germination evaluated parameters. In addition, S. proteamaculans 137 and B. gladioli MB39 strongly inhibited M. phaseolina, reducing the infection index values to 10% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION Serratia proteamaculans 136, 137 and Burkholderia gladioli MB39 showed plant growth promotion features and inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina infection by producing different antifungal compounds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our results reinforce the application of cold-adapted Serratia proteamaculans and Burkholderia gladioli bacterial strains as candidates for developing microbial formulation to promote plant growth and guarantee antifungal protection in soybean crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinorah Anabella Sarli
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, (T4001MVB). San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Gisele Teixeira Gomes
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, (T4001MVB). San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Reznikov
- Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Av. William, W. Cross 3150 (T4101XAC) Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Federico Francisco Acosta
- Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral [ICIVET-LITORAL]. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET - Santa Fé, [CCT SANTA FE]
| | - Julia Inés Fariña
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, (T4001MVB). San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo Daniel Delgado
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, (T4001MVB). San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCa). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología (CEBIOTEC). Av. Belgrano 300, (K4751XAK) San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Leandro A Sánchez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, (T4001MVB). San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Extraction Methods, Quantitative and Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants for Antimicrobial Textiles: A Review. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152011. [PMID: 35956489 PMCID: PMC9370299 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the product of natural drug discoveries and have gained traction due to their pharmacological activities. Pathogens are everywhere, and they thrive in ideal conditions depending on the nutrients, moisture, temperature, and pH that increase the growth of harmful pathogens on surfaces and textiles. Thus, antimicrobial agents and finishes may be the solution to the destruction of pathogens. This review article presents an analysis of various aspects of producing antimicrobial finishings, the microorganisms, their mechanism of attachment to natural and synthetic fibre, the effect of microbial growth, and the principle and mechanism of the microbial activity of the medicinal plants. Furthermore, the extraction methods, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluations of antimicrobial efficacy, and developments of antimicrobial treated textiles using various agents are covered in this review.
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244
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Fazle R, Amir Z, Amna N. Assessment of phytotoxic, genotoxic and enzyme inhibition potential of. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2022; 42:595-603. [PMID: 35848976 PMCID: PMC9924791 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaves for phytotoxic, genotoxic and enzymes inhibition potential. METHODS Phytotoxic activity of both stem bark and leaves were screened using Lemna minor. The genotoxic activity of Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaves extracts were tested using comet assay protocol while enzyme inhibition activity of crude extract and various fractions of both stem bark and leaves were evaluated using acetyl cholinesterase, lipoxygenase, β-glu-curonidase, urease, xanthine oxidase and carbonic anhydrase. RESULTS Phytotoxic activity showed significant results in dose dependant manner in both stem bark (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) and leaves (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and n-hexane) fractions. In genotoxic activity, dichloromethane fraction showed significant activity followed by ethyl acetate fraction. Acetyl cholinesterease inhibitory activity showed significant results in both stem bark and leaves fractions, while significant lipoxygenase inhibition was shown by ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, crude extract and n-hexane fractions of both stem bark and leaves. β-glucuronidase, urease and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity showed highly significant results in ethyl acetate fraction of both stem bark and leaves, while xanthine oxidase inhibition was shown by dichloromethane fraction of stem bark and leaves extracts. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the important phytotoxic, genotoxic and enzyme inhibition effects of Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaves. Hence, it is clear that Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaves possess phytotoxic, genotoxic and enzyme inhibitory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabbi Fazle
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Fazle Rabbi, Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. , Telephone: +92-0314-9244566
| | - Zada Amir
- 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Amna
- 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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245
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Ismail NA, Matawali A, Kanak FA, Lee PC, How SE, Goh LPW, Gansau JA. Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical properties of Blumea balsamifera against pathogenic microorganisms. J Med Life 2022; 15:951-954. [PMID: 36188644 PMCID: PMC9514820 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been widely used in healthcare based on traditional knowledge. We investigated the antimicrobial activities and phytochemical contents of a plant known as Blumea balsamifera (B. balsamifera), which Sabah native people have used for health benefits. Methanolic extracts and fractions of the leaves of B. balsamifera were tested for their phytochemical contents and their antimicrobial activities against four Gram-negative and five Gram-positive strains of bacteria. The extracts of B. balsamifera showed antimicrobial activities against three Gram-positive, and one Gram-negative bacteria, with the zone of inhibition ranging from 7.8 mm±0.41 to 10.5 mm±0.71. Fraction CE.F7 exerted the broadest antimicrobial activity towards four Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. The phytochemical constituents identified in the extracts were alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, and cardiac glycosides. The plant extract demonstrated antimicrobial activities and contained multiple phytochemical constituents. Further investigations into potential antimicrobial agents containing promising fractions would validate the medicinal properties of B. balsamifera used in Sabah.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Ismail
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Azlinah Matawali
- Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fadzilah Awang Kanak
- Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ping-Chin Lee
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia,Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Eng How
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Lucky Poh Wah Goh
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jualang Azlan Gansau
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia,Corresponding Author: Jualang Azlan Gansau, Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia. E-mail:
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Shrestha UB, Lamsal P, Ghimire SK, Shrestha BB, Dhakal S, Shrestha S, Atreya K. Climate change-induced distributional change of medicinal and aromatic plants in the Nepal Himalaya. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9204. [PMID: 35991283 PMCID: PMC9379350 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) contribute to human well-being via health and economic benefits. Nepal has recorded 2331 species of MAPs, of which around 300 species are currently under trade. Wild harvested MAPs in Nepal are under increasing pressure from overexploitation for trade and the effects of climate change and development. Despite some localized studies to examine the impact of climate change on MAPs, a consolidated understanding is lacking on how the distribution of major traded species of MAPs will change with future climate change. This study identifies the potential distribution of 29 species of MAPs in Nepal under current and future climate using an ensemble modeling and hotspot approach. Future climate change will reduce climatically suitable areas of two-third of the studied species and decrease climatically suitable hotspots across elevation, physiography, ecoregions, federal states, and protected areas in Nepal. Reduction in climatically suitable areas for MAPs might have serious consequences for the livelihood of people that depend on the collection and trade of MAPs as well as Nepal's national economy. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the threats that future climate change may have on distribution of MAPs while designing protected areas and devising environmental conservation and climate adaptation policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bharat B. Shrestha
- Global Institute for Interdisciplinary StudiesKathmanduNepal
- Central Department of BotanyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Sajita Dhakal
- National Herbarium and Plant LaboratoriesLalitpurNepal
| | - Sujata Shrestha
- Global Institute for Interdisciplinary StudiesKathmanduNepal
| | - Kishor Atreya
- School of Forestry and Natural Resource Management, Institute of Forestry, Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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247
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Guha L, Bhat IA, Bashir A, Rahman JU, Pottoo FH. Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:781-799. [PMID: 35676850 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220608144551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women around the world, having a sudden spread nowadays because of the poor sedentary lifestyle of people. Comprising several subtypes, one of the most dangerous and aggressive ones is triple-negative breast cancer or TNBC. Even though conventional surgical approaches like single and double mastectomy and preventive chemotherapeutic approaches are available, they are not selective to cancer cells and are only for symptomatic treatment. A new branch called nanotechnology has emerged in the last few decades that offers various novel characteristics, such as size in nanometric scale, enhanced adherence to multiple targeting moieties, active and passive targeting, controlled release, and site-specific targeting. Among various nanotherapeutic approaches like dendrimers, lipid-structured nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes, etc., nanoparticle targeted therapeutics can be termed the best among all for their specific cytotoxicity to cancer cells and increased bioavailability to a target site. This review focuses on the types and molecular pathways involving TNBC, existing treatment strategies, various nanotechnological approaches like exosomes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, lipid, and carbon-based nanocarriers, and especially various nanoparticles (NPs) like polymeric, photodynamic, peptide conjugated, antibody-conjugated, metallic, inorganic, natural product capped, and CRISPR based nanoparticles already approved for treatment or are under clinical and pre-clinical trials for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahanya Guha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Bhat
- Northern Railway Hospital, Sri Mata Vaishno Devi, Katra, Reasi 182320, India
| | - Aasiya Bashir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India
| | - Jawad Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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248
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NPvis: An Interactive Visualizer of Peptidic Natural Product–MS/MS Matches. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080706. [PMID: 36005578 PMCID: PMC9415073 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidic natural products (PNPs) represent a medically important class of secondary metabolites that includes antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and antitumor agents. Advances in tandem mass spectra (MS/MS) acquisition and in silico database search methods have enabled high-throughput PNP discovery. However, the resulting spectra annotations are often error-prone and their validation remains a bottleneck. Here, we present NPvis, a visualizer suitable for the evaluation of PNP–MS/MS matches. The tool interactively maps annotated spectrum peaks to the corresponding PNP fragments and allows researchers to assess the match correctness. NPvis accounts for the wide chemical diversity of PNPs that prevents the use of the existing proteomics visualizers. Moreover, NPvis works even if the exact chemical structure of the matching PNP is unknown. The tool is available online and as a standalone application. We hope that it will benefit the community by streamlining PNP data analysis and validation.
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249
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Kumar T, Kumar A, Bishwas AJ, Pramod Kumar Khare. A survey of ethno-medicinally important tree species in Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, central India. JOURNAL OF THREATENED TAXA 2022. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.7819.14.7.21442-21448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was carried out in Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, central India. The forest is classified as a tropical dry deciduous type, with teak Tectona grandis as the predominant species. Extensive field trips were carried out during 2018–2020 to document the medicinally important tree species. The medicinal importance of these plants was recorded through interviews, group discussions with local tribal communities and on the basis of the literature available. Enumeration of tree species in this area showed occurrence of 50 tree species belonging to 37 genera and 21 families. The study further observed that several species were being used as traditional medicine by the local tribal folks, traditional healers in the study area, and also by pharmaceutical industries. The study observed that some species in the sanctuary were rare due to several developmental projects, forest destruction, and over-exploitation. The study provides details about the botanical identity, family, local name, plant parts utilised and uses for treatment of diseases. The present paper identified the tree species for their conservation status and accordingly recommends the priority for their conservation in the study area. We recommend that tree species documentation might be helpful for drug formulation and the preservation of traditional knowledge.
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250
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Liu E, Gao H, Zhao Y, Pang Y, Yao Y, Yang Z, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang S, Ma X, Zeng J, Guo J. The potential application of natural products in cutaneous wound healing: A review of preclinical evidence. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:900439. [PMID: 35935866 PMCID: PMC9354992 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal circumstances, wound healing can be summarized as three processes. These include inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The vast majority of wounds heal rapidly; however, a large percentage of nonhealing wounds have still not been studied significantly. The factors affecting wound nonhealing are complex and diverse, and identifying an effective solution from nature becomes a key goal of research. This study aimed to highlight and review the mechanisms and targets of natural products (NPs) for treating nonhealing wounds. The results of relevant studies have shown that the effects of NPs are associated with PI3K-AKT, P38MAPK, fibroblast growth factor, MAPK, and ERK signaling pathways and involve tumor growth factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α, interleukin-1β, and expression of other cytokines and proteins. The 25 NPs that contribute to wound healing were systematically summarized by an inductive collation of the six major classes of compounds, including saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, anthraquinones, polysaccharides, and others, which will further direct the attention to the active components of NPs and provide research ideas for further development of new products for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liu
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongjin Gao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YiJia Zhao
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaobing Pang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yejing Yao
- Neijiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Neijiang, China
| | - Zhengru Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - YanJin Wang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Jing Guo,
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