201
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Shuturminska K, Tarakina NV, Azevedo HS, Bushby AJ, Mata A, Anderson P, Al-Jawad M. Elastin-Like Protein, with Statherin Derived Peptide, Controls Fluorapatite Formation and Morphology. Front Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28642715 PMCID: PMC5462913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of enamel biomineralization is multi-step, complex and mediated by organic molecules. The lack of cells in mature enamel leaves it unable to regenerate and hence novel ways of growing enamel-like structures are currently being investigated. Recently, elastin-like protein (ELP) with the analog N-terminal sequence of statherin (STNA15-ELP) has been used to regenerate mineralized tissue. Here, the STNA15-ELP has been mineralized in constrained and unconstrained conditions in a fluoridated solution. We demonstrate that the control of STNA15-ELP delivery to the mineralizing solution can form layered ordered fluorapatite mineral, via a brushite precursor. We propose that the use of a constrained STNA15-ELP system can lead to the development of novel, bioinspired enamel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya Shuturminska
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Nadezda V Tarakina
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Bushby
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro Mata
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Anderson
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Maisoon Al-Jawad
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom.,Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondon, United Kingdom
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202
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How do wettability, zeta potential and hydroxylation degree affect the biological response of biomaterials? MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 74:542-555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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203
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Smith Q, Chan XY, Carmo AM, Trempel M, Saunders M, Gerecht S. Compliant substratum guides endothelial commitment from human pluripotent stem cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1602883. [PMID: 28580421 PMCID: PMC5451190 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The role of mechanical regulation in driving human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) differentiation has been minimally explored. Although endothelial cell (EC) fate from hiPSCs has been demonstrated using small molecules to drive mesoderm induction, the effects of substrate stiffness with regard to EC differentiation efficiency have yet to be elucidated. We hypothesized that substrate compliance can modulate mesoderm differentiation kinetics from hiPSCs and affect downstream EC commitment. To this end, we used polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-a transparent, biocompatible elastomeric material-as a substrate to study EC commitment of hiPSCs using a stepwise differentiation scheme. Using physiologically stiff (1.7 MPa) and soft (3 kPa) PDMS substrates, compared to polystyrene plates (3 GPa), we demonstrate that mechanical priming during mesoderm induction activates the Yes-associated protein and drives Wnt/β-catenin signaling. When mesoderm differentiation was induced on compliant PDMS substrates in both serum and serum-free E6 medium, mesodermal genetic signatures (T, KDR, MESP-1, GATA-2, and SNAIL-1) were enhanced. Furthermore, examination of EC fate following stiffness priming revealed that compliant substrates robustly improve EC commitment through VECad, CD31, vWF, and eNOS marker expression. Overall, we show that substrate compliance guides EC fate by enhancing mesoderm induction through Wnt activation without the addition of small molecules. These findings are the first to show that the mechanical context of the differentiation niche can be as potent as chemical cues in driving EC identity from hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Xin Yi Chan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ana Maria Carmo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michelle Trempel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michael Saunders
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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204
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Bock RM, Jones EN, Ray DA, Sonny Bal B, Pezzotti G, McEntire BJ. Bacteriostatic behavior of surface modulated silicon nitride in comparison to polyetheretherketone and titanium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1521-1534. [PMID: 28000413 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative and latent infections are leading causes of revision surgery for orthopaedic devices resulting in significant increased patient care, comorbidities, and attendant costs. Identifying biomaterial surfaces that inherently resist biofilm adhesion and bacterial expression is an important emerging strategy in addressing implant-related infections. This in vitro study was designed to compare biofilm formation on three biomaterials commonly employed in spinal fusion surgery-silicon nitride (Si3 N4 ), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V-ELI) -using one gram-positive and one gram-negative bacterial species. Disc samples from various surface treated Si3 N4 , PEEK, and Ti6Al4V were inoculated with 105 CFU/mm2 Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC®14990™) or Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922™) and cultured in PBS, 7% glucose, and 10% human plasma for 24 and 48 h, followed by retrieval and rinsing. Vortexed solutions were diluted, plated, and incubated at 37 °C for 24 to 48 h. Colony forming units (CFU/mm2 ) were determined using applicable dilution factors and surface areas. A two-tailed, heteroscedastic Student's t-test (95% confidence) was used to determine statistical significance. The various Si3 N4 samples showed the most favorable bacterial resistance for both bacilli tested. The mechanisms for the bacteriostatic behavior of Si3 N4 are likely due to multivariate surface effects including submicron-topography, negative charging, and chemical interactions which form peroxynitrite (an oxidative agent). Si3 N4 is a new biomaterial with the apparent potential to inhibit biofilm formation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1521-1534, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Bock
- Amedica Corporation, 1885 W. 2100 S, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119
| | - Erin N Jones
- Amedica Corporation, 1885 W. 2100 S, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119
| | - Darin A Ray
- Amedica Corporation, 1885 W. 2100 S, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119
| | - B Sonny Bal
- Amedica Corporation, 1885 W. 2100 S, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65212
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Bryan J McEntire
- Amedica Corporation, 1885 W. 2100 S, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119
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205
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Huang Q, Yang Y, Zheng D, Song R, Zhang Y, Jiang P, Vogler EA, Lin C. Effect of construction of TiO 2 nanotubes on platelet behaviors: Structure-property relationships. Acta Biomater 2017; 51:505-512. [PMID: 28093367 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood compatibility of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) has been assessed in rabbit platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which combines activation of both blood plasma coagulation and platelets. We find that (i) amorphous TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) with relatively larger outer diameters led to reduced platelet adhesion/activation, (ii) TNTs with relatively smaller outer diameters in a predominately rutile phase also inhibited platelet adhesion and activation, and (iii) a pervasive fibrin network formed on larger outer diameter TNTs in a predominately anatase phase. Thus, this study suggests that combined effect of crystalline phase and surface chemistry controls blood-contact behavior of TNTs. A more comprehensive mechanism is proposed for understanding hemocompatibility of TiO2 which might prove helpful as a guide to prospective design of TiO2-based biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE To realize optimal design and construction of biomaterials with desired properties for blood contact materials, a comprehensive understanding of structure-property relationships is required. In the existing literature, TiO2 nanotube has been reported to be a good candidate for biomedical applications. However, it is noticeable that the blood compatibility of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) remains obscure or even inconsistent in the previously published works. The inconsistency could derive from different research protocols, material properties or blood sources. Thus, a thorough investigation of the effect of surface properties on blood compatibility is crucial to the development of titanium based materials. In this paper, we explored the effect of surface properties on the response of platelet-rich plasma, especially surface morphology, chemistry, wettability and crystalline phase. The results indicated that crystalline phase was a dominant factor in platelet behaviors. Reduced adhesion and activation of platelets were observed on amorphous and rutile dominated TNTs, whereas anatase dominated TNTs activated the formation of fibrin network. We further proposed a hypothetical mechanism for better understanding of how surface properties affect the response of platelet-rich plasma. Therefore, this study expands the fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationships of titanium based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Beijing Medical Implant Engineering Research Center, Beijing 100082, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Functional Medical Materials and Devices, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Dajiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ran Song
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Beijing Medical Implant Engineering Research Center, Beijing 100082, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Functional Medical Materials and Devices, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Pinliang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Erwin A Vogler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Bioengineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Changjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Beijing Medical Implant Engineering Research Center, Beijing 100082, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Functional Medical Materials and Devices, Beijing 100082, China.
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206
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Lavery KS, Rhodes C, Mcgraw A, Eppihimer MJ. Anti-thrombotic technologies for medical devices. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 112:2-11. [PMID: 27496703 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis associated with medical devices may lead to dramatic increases in morbidity, mortality and increased health care costs. Innovative strategies are being developed to reduce this complication and provide a safe biocompatible interface between device and blood. This article aims to describe the biological phenomena underlying device-associated thrombosis, and surveys the literature describing current and developing technologies designed to overcome this challenge. To reduce thrombosis, biomaterials with varying topographical properties and incorporating anti-thrombogenic substances on their surface have demonstrated potential. Overall, there is extensive literature describing technical solutions to reduce thrombosis associated with medical devices, but clinical results are required to demonstrate significant long-term benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Lavery
- Preclinical Sciences, Boston Scientific Corporation, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA 01752-1234, United States
| | - Candace Rhodes
- Preclinical Sciences, Boston Scientific Corporation, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA 01752-1234, United States
| | - Adam Mcgraw
- Preclinical Sciences, Boston Scientific Corporation, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA 01752-1234, United States
| | - Michael J Eppihimer
- Preclinical Sciences, Boston Scientific Corporation, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA 01752-1234, United States
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207
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Schulte C, Podestà A, Lenardi C, Tedeschi G, Milani P. Quantitative Control of Protein and Cell Interaction with Nanostructured Surfaces by Cluster Assembling. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:231-239. [PMID: 28116907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of smart prosthetics, scaffolds, and biomaterials for tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip devices heavily depends on the understanding and control of biotic/abiotic interfaces. In recent years, the nanometer scale emerged as the predominant dimension for processes impacting on protein adsorption and cellular responses on surfaces. In this context, the extracellular matrix (ECM) can be seen as the prototype for an intricate natural structure assembled by nanoscale building blocks forming highly variable nanoscale configurations, dictating cellular behavior and fate. How exactly the ECM nanotopography influences mechanotransduction, that is, the cellular capacity to convert information received from the ECM into appropriate responses, remains partially understood due to the complexity of the involved biological structures, limiting also the attempts to artificially reproduce the nanoscale complexity of the ECM. In this Account, we describe and discuss our strategies for the development of an efficient and large-scale bottom-up approach to fabricate surfaces with multiscale controlled disorder as substrates to study quantitatively the effect of nanoscale topography on biological entities. Our method is based on the use of supersonic cluster beam deposition (SCBD) to assemble, on a substrate, neutral clusters produced in the gas phase and accelerated by a supersonic expansion. The assembling of clusters in the ballistic deposition regime follows simple scaling laws, allowing the quantitative control of surface roughness and asperity layout over large areas. Due to their biocompatibility, we focused on transition metal oxide nanostructured surfaces assembled by titania and zirconia clusters. We demonstrated the engineering of structural and functional properties of the cluster-assembled surfaces with high relevance for interactions at the biotic/abiotic interface. We observed that isoelectric point and wettability, crucial parameters for the adhesion of biological entities on surfaces, are strongly influenced and controlled by the nanoscale roughness. By developing a high-throughput method (protein surface interaction microarray, PSIM), we characterized quantitatively the capacity of the nanostructured surfaces to adsorb proteins, showing that with increasing roughness the adsorption rises beyond what could be expected by the increase in specific area, paralleled by an almost linear decrease in protein binding affinity. We also determined that the spatial layout of the surface asperities effectively perceived by the cells mimics at the nanoscale the topographical ECM characteristics. The interaction with these features consequently regulates parameters significant for cell adhesion and mechanotransductive signaling, such as integrin clustering, focal adhesion maturation, and the correlated cellular mechanobiology, eventually impacting the cellular program and differentiation, as we specifically showed for neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schulte
- Centro
Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMAINA)
e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Centro
Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMAINA)
e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Centro
Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMAINA)
e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Centro
Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMAINA)
e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CIMAINA
e Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria
10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Centro
Interdisciplinare Materiali e Interfacce Nanostrutturati (CIMAINA)
e Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
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208
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A Review of Techniques to Measure Protein Sorption to Soft Contact Lenses. Eye Contact Lens 2017; 43:276-286. [PMID: 28198731 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare and critically evaluate a variety of techniques to measure the quantity and biological activity of protein sorption to contact lenses over short time periods. METHODS A literature review was undertaken investigating the major techniques to measure protein sorption to soft contact lens materials, with specific reference to measuring protein directly on lenses using in situ, ex situ, protein structural, and biological activity techniques. RESULTS The use of in situ techniques to measure protein quantity provides excellent sensitivity, but many are not directly applicable to contact lenses. Many ex situ techniques struggle to measure all sorbed proteins, and these measurements can have significant signal interference from the lens materials themselves. Techniques measuring the secondary and tertiary structures of sorbed proteins have exhibited only limited success. CONCLUSIONS There are a wide variety of techniques to measure both the amount of protein and the biological activity of protein sorbed to soft contact lens materials. To measure the mass of protein sorbed to soft contact lenses (not just thin films) over short time periods, the method of choice should be I radiolabeling. This technique is sensitive enough to measure small amounts of deposited protein, provided steps are taken to limit and measure any interaction of the iodine tracer with the materials. To measure the protein activity over short time periods, the method of choice should be to measure the biological function of sorbed proteins. This may require new methods or adaptations of existing ones.
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209
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Evaluation of the role of substrate and albumin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm morphology through FESEM and FTIR studies on polymeric biomaterials. Prog Biomater 2017; 6:27-38. [PMID: 28155216 PMCID: PMC5433955 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-017-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms pose the greatest challenge to implant surgeries leading to device-related infections and implant failure. Our present study aims at monitoring the variation in the biofilm architecture of a clinically isolated strain and ATCC 27853 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on two polymeric biomaterials, used in implants. The perspective of our study is to recognize the potential of these two biomaterials to create biofilm infections and develop the understanding regarding their limitations of use and handle patients with this deeper insight. The final goal, however, is an accurate interpretation of substrate-microbe interactions in the two biomaterials, which will provide us the knowledge of possible surface modifications to develop of an efficacious anti-biofilm therapy for deterring implant infections. The reference strain ATCC 27853 and a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa collected from urinary catheters of patients suffering from urinary tract infections, have been used as microbes while clinical grades of polypropylene and high density polyethylene, have been used as 'substrates' for biofilm growth. The variation in the nature of the 'substrate' and 'conditioning layer' of BSA have been found to affect the biofilm architecture as well as the physiology of the biofilm-forming bacteria, accompanied by an alteration in the nature and volume of EPS (extracellular polysaccharide) matrices.
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210
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Wells LA, Guo H, Emili A, Sefton MV. The profile of adsorbed plasma and serum proteins on methacrylic acid copolymer beads: Effect on complement activation. Biomaterials 2017; 118:74-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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211
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Abstract
Macrophages are the initial biologic responders to biomaterials. These highly plastic immune sentinels control and modulate responses to materials, foreign or natural. The responses may vary from immune stimulatory to immune suppressive. Several parameters have been identified that influence macrophage response to biomaterials, specifically size, geometry, surface topography, hydrophobicity, surface chemistry, material mechanics, and protein adsorption. In this review, the influence of these parameters is supported with examples of both synthetic and naturally derived materials and illustrates that a combination of these parameters ultimately influences macrophage responses to the biomaterial. Having an understanding of these properties may lead to highly efficient design of biomaterials with desirable biologic response properties.
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212
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Guan ZY, Huang CW, Huang MC, Wu CY, Liu HY, Ding ST, Chen HY. Controlling multi-function of biomaterials interfaces based on multiple and competing adsorption of functional proteins. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 149:130-137. [PMID: 27750087 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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213
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Tien HW, Lee CY, Lin IN, Chen YC. Long term in vivo functional stability and encapsulation reliability of using ultra-nanocrystalline diamond as an insulating coating layer for implantable microchips. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3706-3717. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00867h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (UNCD) films were evaluated for their use as encapsulating coatings for long-term implantable microchips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wen Tien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - Chi-Young Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
| | - I-Nan Lin
- Department of Physics
- Tamkang University
- Tamsui 251
- Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chieh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Republic of China
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214
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Park JH, Sut TN, Jackman JA, Ferhan AR, Yoon BK, Cho NJ. Controlling adsorption and passivation properties of bovine serum albumin on silica surfaces by ionic strength modulation and cross-linking. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:8854-8865. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the physicochemical factors that influence protein adsorption onto solid supports holds wide relevance for fundamental insights into protein structure and function as well as for applications such as surface passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Abdul Rahim Ferhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science
- Nanyang Technological University
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215
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Zou Q, Liao J, Li J, Li Y. Evaluation of the osteoconductive potential of poly(propylene carbonate)/nano-hydroxyapatite composites mimicking the osteogenic niche for bone augmentation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 28:350-364. [PMID: 28001498 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1274624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) reinforced poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) composites were prepared for bone repair and reconstruction. The effects of reinforcement on the morphology, mechanical properties and biological performance of n-HA/PPC composites were investigated. The surface morphology and mechanical properties of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal material testing machine. The analytical data showed that good incorporation and dispersion of n-HA crystals could be obtained in the PPC matrix at a 30:70 weight ratio. With the increase of n-HA content, the tensile strength increased and the fracture elongation rate decreased. In vitro cell culture revealed that the composite was favorable template for cell attachment and growth. In vivo implantation in femoral condyle defects of rabbits confirmed that the n-HA/PPC composite had good biocompatibility and gradual biodegradability, exhibiting good performance in guided bone regeneration. The results demonstrates that the incorporation of n-HA crystals into PPC matrix provides a practical way to produce biodegradable and cost-competitive composites mimicking the osteogenic niche for bone augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zou
- a Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Jianguo Liao
- b School of Materials Science and Engineering , Henan Polytechnic University , Jiaozuo , China
| | - Jidong Li
- a Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Yubao Li
- a Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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216
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Salivary and pellicle proteome: A datamining analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38882. [PMID: 27966577 PMCID: PMC5155218 DOI: 10.1038/srep38882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to comprehensively compare two compartmented oral proteomes, the salivary and the dental pellicle proteome. Systematic review and datamining was used to obtain the physico-chemical, structural, functional and interactional properties of 1,515 salivary and 60 identified pellicle proteins. Salivary and pellicle proteins did not differ significantly in their aliphatic index, hydrophaty, instability index, or isoelectric point. Pellicle proteins were significantly more charged at low and high pH and were significantly smaller (10–20 kDa) than salivary proteins. Protein structure and solvent accessible molecular surface did not differ significantly. Proteins of the pellicle were more phosphorylated and glycosylated than salivary proteins. Ion binding and enzymatic activities also differed significantly. Protein-protein-ligand interaction networks relied on few key proteins. The identified differences between salivary and pellicle proteins could guide proteome compartmentalization and result in specialized functionality. Key proteins could be potential targets for diagnostic or therapeutic application.
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217
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Lü X, Yang F, Huang Y, Yu Y. Role of integrin in influencing differentiation of PC12 cell grown on PLLA-aligned nanofiber: a mRNA–microRNA–protein integrative study. Regen Biomater 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Yadong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
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218
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Frachon T, Bruckert F, Le Masne Q, Monnin E, Weidenhaupt M. Insulin Aggregation at a Dynamic Solid-Liquid-Air Triple Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:13009-13019. [PMID: 27951683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins are privileged in drug development because of their exquisite specificity, which is due to their three-dimensional conformation in solution. During their manufacture, storage, and delivery, interactions with material surfaces and air interfaces are known to affect their stability. The growing use of automated devices for handling and injection of therapeutics increases their exposure to protocols involving intermittent wetting, during which the solid-liquid and liquid-air interfaces meet at a triple contact line, which is often dynamic. Using a microfluidic setup, we analyze the effect of a moving triple interface on insulin aggregation in real time over a hydrophobic surface. We combine thioflavin T fluorescence and reflection interference microscopy to concomitantly monitor insulin aggregation and the morphology of the liquid as it dewets the surface. We demonstrate that insulin aggregates in the region of a moving triple interface and not in regions submitted to hydrodynamic shear stress alone, induced by the moving liquid. During dewetting, liquid droplets form on the surface anchored by adsorbed proteins, and the accumulation of amyloid aggregates is observed exclusively as fluorescent rings growing eccentrically around these droplets. The fluorescent rings expand until the entire channel surface sweeped by the triple interface is covered by amyloid fibers. On the basis of our experimental results, we propose a model describing the growth mechanism of insulin amyloid fibers at a moving triple contact line, where proteins adsorbed at a hydrophobic surface are exposed to the liquid-air interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Frachon
- LMGP, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Eveon S.A.S. , Inovallée, F-38330 Montbonnot Saint Martin, France
| | - Franz Bruckert
- LMGP, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Quentin Le Masne
- Eveon S.A.S. , Inovallée, F-38330 Montbonnot Saint Martin, France
| | - Emmanuel Monnin
- Eveon S.A.S. , Inovallée, F-38330 Montbonnot Saint Martin, France
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219
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Nanoparticle-protein complexes mimicking corona formation in ocular environment. Biomaterials 2016; 109:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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220
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Huang Q, Antensteiner M, Liu XY, Lin C, Vogler EA. Graphical analysis of mammalian cell adhesion in vitro. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:211-219. [PMID: 27606494 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Short-term (<2h) cell adhesion kinetics of 3 different mammalian cell types: MDCK (epithelioid), MC3T3-E1 (osteoblastic), and MDA-MB-231 (cancerous) on 7 different substratum surface chemistries spanning the experimentally-observable range of water wettability (surface energy) are graphically analyzed to qualitatively elucidate commonalities and differences among cell/surface/suspending media combinations. We find that short-term mammalian cell attachment/adhesion in vitro correlates with substratum surface energy as measured by water adhesion tension, τ≡γlvcosθ, where γlv is water liquid-vapor interfacial energy (72.8 mJ/m2) and cosθ is the cosine of the advancing contact angle subtended by a water droplet on the substratum surface. No definitive functional relationships among cell-adhesion kinetic parameters and τ were observed as in previous work, but previously-observed general trends were reproduced, especially including a sharp transition in the magnitude of kinetic parameters from relatively low-to-high near τ=0mJ/m2, although the exact adhesion tension at which this transition occurs is difficult to accurately estimate from the current data set. We note, however, that the transition is within the hydrophobic range based on the τ=30mJ/m2 surface-energetic dividing line that has been proposed to differentiate "hydrophobic" surfaces from "hydrophilic". Thus, a rather sharp hydrophobic/hydrophilic contrast is observed for cell adhesion for disparate cell/surface combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Huang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Martin Antensteiner
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Bioengineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Xiang Yang Liu
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542, Singapore, Singapore; Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Changjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Erwin A Vogler
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Bioengineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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221
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Leclercq L, Vert M. Comparison between protein repulsions by diblock PLA-PEO and albumin nanocoatings using OWLS. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 28:177-193. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1262160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Leclercq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IBMM-UMR CNRS 5247, University of Montpellier – CNRS, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Michel Vert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, IBMM-UMR CNRS 5247, University of Montpellier – CNRS, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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222
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Winzen S, Schwabacher JC, Müller J, Landfester K, Mohr K. Small Surfactant Concentration Differences Influence Adsorption of Human Serum Albumin on Polystyrene Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3845-3851. [PMID: 27783498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants, even in miniscule amounts, are often used for the synthesis and especially the stabilization of nanomaterials, which is essential for in vivo applications. In this study, we show that the interaction between nanoparticles and proteins strongly depends on the type of stabilizing surfactants and their (small) concentration changes. The reaction between human serum albumin and polystyrene nanoparticles stabilized by an ionic or nonionic surfactant-sodium dodecyl sulfate or Lutensol AT50, respectively-was monitored using isothermal titration calorimetry. It was found that the amount of surfactant molecules on the surface significantly determines the protein binding affinity and adsorption stoichiometry, which is important for all nanomaterials coming into contact with biological components such as blood plasma proteins. Thus after synthesizing nanomaterials for in vivo applications as drug delivery agents, it is crucial to perform a detailed analysis of the obtained surface chemistry that accounts for the presence of minimal amounts of stabilizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Winzen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - James C Schwabacher
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Julius Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Mohr
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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223
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Falde EJ, Yohe ST, Colson YL, Grinstaff MW. Superhydrophobic materials for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2016; 104:87-103. [PMID: 27449946 PMCID: PMC5136454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are actively studied across a wide range of applications and industries, and are now finding increased use in the biomedical arena as substrates to control protein adsorption, cellular interaction, and bacterial growth, as well as platforms for drug delivery devices and for diagnostic tools. The commonality in the design of these materials is to create a stable or metastable air layer at the material surface, which lends itself to a number of unique properties. These activities are catalyzing the development of new materials, applications, and fabrication techniques, as well as collaborations across material science, chemistry, engineering, and medicine given the interdisciplinary nature of this work. The review begins with a discussion of superhydrophobicity, and then explores biomedical applications that are utilizing superhydrophobicity in depth including material selection characteristics, in vitro performance, and in vivo performance. General trends are offered for each application in addition to discussion of conflicting data in the literature, and the review concludes with the authors' future perspectives on the utility of superhydrophobic biomaterials for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Falde
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry and Medicine, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stefan T Yohe
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry and Medicine, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yolonda L Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry and Medicine, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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224
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Bhuvanesh T, Saretia S, Roch T, Schöne AC, Rottke FO, Kratz K, Wang W, Ma N, Schulz B, Lendlein A. Langmuir-Schaefer films of fibronectin as designed biointerfaces for culturing stem cells. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanga Bhuvanesh
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute-Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Shivam Saretia
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Toralf Roch
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute-Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Anne-Christin Schöne
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Falko O. Rottke
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute-Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute-Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
| | - Burkhard Schulz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute-Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
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225
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Stępnik KE, Malinowska I. Determination of binding properties of ampicillin in drug-human serum albumin standard solution using N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer combined with the micellar systems. Talanta 2016; 162:241-248. [PMID: 27837825 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that only the unbound (free) drug fraction can achieve a pharmacological effect. Therefore the determination of free drug concentration is a very important issue in the field of pharmacology. In this study poly-1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (VP) crosslinked with divinylbenzene (DVB) compared with the micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) with and without pre-made drug adsorption was used for quantitative analysis of free ampicillin concentration in the standard solution of drug-human serum albumin owing to its ability to block protein adsorption. The commonly recognized adsorption method based on drug adsorption on VP-DVB has been compared to the entirely new application of MLC with direct sample injection (DSI) not requiring pre-made adsorption. Micellar aggregates are able to solubilize various compounds therefore micellar environment can be used for direct determination of free drug concentration. The obtained results show that the free drug concentration values obtained in the micellar systems based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) (93.98μgL-1, 78.3%) as well as on polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether (Brij35) (91.15μgL-1, 75.9%) are similar to those obtained after the drug adsorption on VP-DVB using both RP-HPLC (95.85μgmL-1, 79.9%) and spectrophotometry (96.47μgmL-1, 80.4%). However, only %PPB (% plasma protein binding) value calculated on the basis of Brij35 retention factor is similar to the literature data. The obtained results are within the analytical range of % of free drug concentration. Therefore N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer as well as micellar system based on the non-ionic surfactant can be successfully applied for determination of free drug concentration. Moreover, the new application of MLC with DSI can be recognized as a promising, fast and simple method for quantitative determination of free drug concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna E Stępnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Planar Chromatography, Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, M. Curie - Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Irena Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Planar Chromatography, Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, M. Curie - Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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226
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Dutta S, Lefort R, Morineau D, Mhanna R, Merdrignac-Conanec O, Saint-Jalmes A, Leclercq T. Thermodynamics of binary gas adsorption in nanopores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:24361-9. [PMID: 27532892 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01587e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MCM-41 nanoporous silicas show a very high selectivity for monoalcohols over aprotic molecules during adsorption of a binary mixture in the gas phase. We present here an original use of gravimetric vapour sorption isotherms to characterize the role played by the alcohol hydrogen-bonding network in the adsorption process. Beyond simple selectivity, vapour sorption isotherms measured for various compositions help to completely unravel at the molecular level the step by step adsorption mechanism of the binary system in the nanoporous solid, from the first monolayers to the complete liquid condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeet Dutta
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France.
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227
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Galli C, Parisi L, Piergianni M, Smerieri A, Passeri G, Guizzardi S, Costa F, Lumetti S, Manfredi E, Macaluso GM. Improved scaffold biocompatibility through anti-Fibronectin aptamer functionalization. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:147-156. [PMID: 27449338 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Protein adsorption is the first and decisive step to define cell-biomaterial interaction. Guiding the adsorption of desired protein species may represent a viable approach to promote cell activities conducive to tissue regeneration. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether immobilized anti-Fibronectin aptamers could promote the attachment and growth of osteoblastic cells. Polyethyleneglycole diacrylate/thiolated Hyaluronic Acid hydrogels (PEGDA/tHA) were coated with anti-Fibronectin aptamers. Hydrogel loading and Fibronectin bonding were investigated, through spectrophotometry and Bradford assay. Subsequently, human osteoblasts (hOBs) were cultured on hydrogels for 10days in 2D and 3D cultures. Cells were monitored through microscopy and stained for focal adhesions, microfilaments and nuclei using fluorescence microscopy. Samples were also included in paraffin and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Cell number on hydrogels was quantitated over time. Cell migration into the hydrogels was also studied through Calcein AM staining. Aptamers increased the number of adherent hOBs and their cytoplasm appeared more spread and richer in adhesion complexes than on control hydrogels. Viability assays confirmed that significantly more cells were present on hydrogels in the presence of aptamers, already after 48h of culture. When hOBs were encapsulated into hydrogels, cells were more numerous on aptamer-containing PEGDA-tHA. Cells migrated deeper in the gel in the presence of DNA aptamers, appearing on different focus planes. Our data demonstrate that anti-Fibronectin aptamers promote scaffold enrichment for this protein, thus improving cell adhesion and scaffold colonization. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We believe aptamer coating of biomaterials is a useful and viable approach to improve the performance of scaffold materials for both research and possibly clinical purposes, because different medical devices could be envisaged able to capture bioactive mediators from the patients' blood and concentrate them where they are needed, on the biomaterial itself. At the same time, this technology could be used to confer 3D cell culture scaffold with the ability to store proteins, such as Fibronectin, taking it from the medium and capture what is produced by cells. This is an improvement of traditional biomaterials that can be enriched with exogenous molecules but are not able to selectively capture a desired molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Galli
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Istituto Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy.
| | - L Parisi
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M Piergianni
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Smerieri
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Passeri
- Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Guizzardi
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Costa
- Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Lumetti
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - E Manfredi
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G M Macaluso
- Dep. Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Istituto Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy
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228
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Fonseca-García A, Pérez-Alvarez J, Barrera C, Medina J, Almaguer-Flores A, Sánchez RB, Rodil SE. The effect of simulated inflammatory conditions on the surface properties of titanium and stainless steel and their importance as biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 66:119-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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229
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Kamble H, Barton MJ, Jun M, Park S, Nguyen NT. Cell stretching devices as research tools: engineering and biological considerations. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3193-203. [PMID: 27440436 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00607h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cells within the human body are subjected to continuous, cyclic mechanical strain caused by various organ functions, movement, and growth. Cells are well known to have the ability to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli. This process is referred to as mechanotransduction. A better understanding of mechanotransduction is of great interest to clinicians and scientists alike to improve clinical diagnosis and understanding of medical pathology. However, the complexity involved in in vivo biological systems creates a need for better in vitro technologies, which can closely mimic the cells' microenvironment using induced mechanical strain. This technology gap motivates the development of cell stretching devices for better understanding of the cell response to mechanical stimuli. This review focuses on the engineering and biological considerations for the development of such cell stretching devices. The paper discusses different types of stretching concepts, major design consideration and biological aspects of cell stretching and provides a perspective for future development in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshad Kamble
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Matthew J Barton
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Myeongjun Jun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, QLD 4111, Australia.
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230
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Hill MJ, Cheah C, Sarkar D. Interfacial energetics approach for analysis of endothelial cell and segmental polyurethane interactions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:46-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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231
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Wu B, Wang X, Yang J, Hua Z, Tian K, Kou R, Zhang J, Ye S, Luo Y, Craig VSJ, Zhang G, Liu G. Reorganization of hydrogen bond network makes strong polyelectrolyte brushes pH-responsive. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600579. [PMID: 27532049 PMCID: PMC4975552 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Weak polyelectrolytes have found extensive practical applications owing to their rich pH-responsive properties. In contrast, strong polyelectrolytes have long been regarded as pH-insensitive based on the well-established fact that the average degree of charging of strong polyelectrolyte chains is independent of pH. The possible applications of strong polyelectrolytes in smart materials have, thus, been severely limited. However, we demonstrate that almost all important properties of strong polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs), such as chain conformation, hydration, stiffness, surface wettability, lubricity, adhesion, and protein adsorption are sensitive to pH. The pH response originates from the reorganization of the interchain hydrogen bond network between the grafted chains, triggered by the pH-mediated adsorption-desorption equilibrium of hydronium or hydroxide with the brushes. The reorganization process is firmly identified by advanced sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. Our findings not only provide a new understanding of the fundamental properties of SPBs but also uncover an extensive family of building blocks for constructing pH-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zan Hua
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kangzhen Tian
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ran Kou
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Vincent S. J. Craig
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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232
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Winzen S, Koynov K, Landfester K, Mohr K. Fluorescence labels may significantly affect the protein adsorption on hydrophilic nanomaterials. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 147:124-128. [PMID: 27497932 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescently labelled proteins are often used to study processes in vitro, e.g. the binding of proteins to cell surfaces or the adsorption of plasma proteins on drug nanocarriers. However, the fact that the fluorescent labelling may affect the protein properties is frequently neglected. On the example of a simple model system, we reiterate the importance of this issue by showing that even a single label may perturb interactions between hydrophilic starch-based nanocapsules and serum albumin and thus prevent binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Winzen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Kristin Mohr
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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233
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Costa D, Savio L, Pradier CM. Adsorption of Amino Acids and Peptides on Metal and Oxide Surfaces in Water Environment: A Synthetic and Prospective Review. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7039-52. [PMID: 27366959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids and peptides are often used as "model" segments of proteins for studying their behavior in various types of environments, and/or elaborating functional surfaces. Indeed, though the protein behavior is much more complex than that of their isolated segments, knowledge of the binding mode as well as of the chemical structure of peptides on metal or oxide surfaces is a significant step toward the control of materials in a biological environment. Such knowledge has considerably increased in the past few years, thanks to the combination of advanced characterization techniques and of modeling methods. Investigations of biomolecule-surface interactions in water/solvent environments are quite numerous, but only in a few cases is it possible to reach an understanding of the molecule-(water)-surface interaction with a level of detail comparable to that of the UHV studies. This contribution aims at reviewing the recent data describing the amino acid and peptide interaction with metal or oxide surfaces in the presence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Costa
- Institut de Recherches de Chimie de Paris UMR 8247 ENSCP Chimie Paristech , 11 Rue P. Et M. Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L Savio
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica e il Magnetismo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, U.O.S. Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - C-M Pradier
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7197 , 4 Place Jussieu, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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234
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Fernández-Montes Moraleda B, San Román J, Rodríguez-Lorenzo LM. Adsorption and conformational modification of fibronectin and fibrinogen adsorbed on hydroxyapatite. A QCM-D study. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2585-94. [PMID: 27254464 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite is a bioactive ceramic frequently used for bone engineering/replacement. One of the parameters that influence the biological response to implanted materials is the conformation of the first adsorbed protein layer. In this work, the adsorption and conformational changes of two fibroid serum proteins; fibronectin and fibrinogen adsorbed onto four different hydroxyapatite powders are studied with a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D). Each of the calcined apatites adsorbs less protein than their corresponding synthesized samples. Adsorption on synthesized samples yields always an extended conformation whereas a reorganization of the layer is observed for the calcined samples. Fg acquires a "Side on" conformation in all the samples at the beginning of the experiment except for one of the synthesized samples where an "End-on" conformation is obtained during the whole experiment. The Extended conformation is the active conformation for Fn. This conformation is favored by apatites with large specific surface area (SSA) and on highly concentrated media. Apatite surface features should be considered in the selection or design of materials for bone regeneration, since it is possible to control the conformation mode of attachment of Fn and Fg by an appropriate selection of them. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2585-2594, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Fernández-Montes Moraleda
- Biomaterials Group, ICTP-CSIC, Juan De La Cierva, 3, Madrid, 28006, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julio San Román
- Biomaterials Group, ICTP-CSIC, Juan De La Cierva, 3, Madrid, 28006, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luís M Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- Biomaterials Group, ICTP-CSIC, Juan De La Cierva, 3, Madrid, 28006, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Zaragoza, Spain
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235
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Abstract
Imaging a material with electrons at near-atomic resolution requires a thin specimen that is stable in the vacuum of the transmission electron microscope. For biological samples, this comprises a thin layer of frozen aqueous solution containing the biomolecular complex of interest. The process of preparing a high-quality specimen is often the limiting step in the determination of structures by single-particle electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM). Here, we describe a systematic approach for going from a purified biomolecular complex in aqueous solution to high-resolution electron micrographs that are suitable for 3D structure determination. This includes a series of protocols for the preparation of vitrified specimens on various supports, including all-gold and graphene. We also describe techniques for troubleshooting when a preparation fails to yield suitable specimens, and common mistakes to avoid during each part of the process. Finally, we include recommendations for obtaining the highest quality micrographs from prepared specimens with current microscope, detector, and support technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Passmore
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - C J Russo
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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236
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Lipoprotein interactions with a polyurethane and a polyethylene oxide-modified polyurethane at the plasma–material interface. Biointerphases 2016; 11:029810. [PMID: 27306077 DOI: 10.1116/1.4953867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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237
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Yang JM, Tsai RZ, Hsu CC. Protein adsorption on polyanion/polycation layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte films. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 142:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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238
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Ørning P, Hoem KS, Coron AE, Skjåk-Bræk G, Mollnes TE, Brekke OL, Espevik T, Rokstad AM. Alginate microsphere compositions dictate different mechanisms of complement activation with consequences for cytokine release and leukocyte activation. J Control Release 2016; 229:58-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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239
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Li R, Fu N, Wu Z, Wang Y, Liu W, Wang Y. Enhancing protein self-association at the gas–liquid interface for foam fractionation of bovine serum albumin from its highly diluted solution. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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240
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Hu Y, Jin J, Liang H, Ji X, Yin J, Jiang W. pH Dependence of Adsorbed Fibrinogen Conformation and Its Effect on Platelet Adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4086-4094. [PMID: 27035056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and dual polarization interferometry (DPI) were used to investigate fibrinogen (Fib) adsorption behavior on different surfaces by changing the pH value. Moreover, integrin adhesion to the adsorbed Fibs was studied using DPI. Qualitative and quantitative studies of platelet adhesion to the adsorbed Fibs were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Experimental results indicated that the conformation and orientation of the absorbed Fibs depended on surface property and pH cycling. For the hydrophilic surface, Fibs adsorbed at pH 7.4 and presented a αC-hidden orientation. As a result, no integrin adhesion was observed, and a small number of platelets were adhered because the αC-domains were hidden under the Fib molecule. By changing the rinsing solution pH from 7.4 to 3.2 and then back to 7.4, the adsorbed Fib orientation became αC-exposed via the transformation of Fib conformation during pH cycling. Therefore, integrin adhesion was more likely to occur, and more platelets were adhered and activated. For the hydrophobic surface, the adsorbed Fibs became more spread and stretched due to the strong interaction between the Fibs and surface. αC-exposed orientation remained unchanged when the rinsing solution pH changed from 7.4 to 3.2 and then back to 7.4. Therefore, a large number of integrins and platelets were adhered to the adsorbed Fibs, and almost all of the adhered platelets were activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Haojun Liang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiangling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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241
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Cross MC, Toomey RG, Gallant ND. Protein-surface interactions on stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:022002. [PMID: 26942693 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/2/022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Responsive surfaces: a review of the dependence of protein adsorption on the reversible volume phase transition in stimuli-responsive polymers. Specifically addressed are a widely studied subset: thermoresponsive polymers. Findings are also generalizable to other materials which undergo a similarly reversible volume phase transition. As of 2015, over 100,000 articles have been published on stimuli-responsive polymers and many more on protein-biomaterial interactions. Significantly, fewer than 100 of these have focused specifically on protein interactions with stimuli-responsive polymers. These report a clear trend of increased protein adsorption in the collapsed state compared to the swollen state. This control over protein interactions makes stimuli-responsive polymers highly useful in biomedical applications such as wound repair scaffolds, on-demand drug delivery, and antifouling surfaces. Outstanding questions are whether the protein adsorption is reversible with the volume phase transition and whether there is a time-dependence. A clear understanding of protein interactions with stimuli-responsive polymers will advance theoretical models, experimental results, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Cross
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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242
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Metal release from stainless steel in biological environments: A review. Biointerphases 2016; 11:018901. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4934628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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243
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Li R, Wu Z, Wangb Y, Ding L, Wang Y. Role of pH-induced structural change in protein aggregation in foam fractionation of bovine serum albumin. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 9:46-52. [PMID: 28352591 PMCID: PMC5360987 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
For reducing protein aggregation in foam fractionation, the role of pH-induced structural change in the interface-induced protein aggregation was analyzed using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. The results show that the decrease in pH from 7.0 to 3.0 gradually unfolded the BSA structure to increase the molecular size and the relative content of β-sheet and thus reduced the stability of BSA in the aqueous solution. At the isoelectric point (pH 4.7), BSA suffered the lowest level in protein aggregation induced by the gas-liquid interface. In the pH range from 7.0 to 4.7, most BSA aggregates were formed in the defoaming process while in the pH range from 4.7 to 3.0, the BSA aggregates were formed at the gas-liquid interface due to the unfolded BSA structure and they further aggregated to form insoluble ones in the desorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, Dingzi Gu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Zhaoliang Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, Dingzi Gu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Yanji Wangb
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving, Hebei University of Technology, No. 8 Guangrong Road, Dingzi Gu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Linlin Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, Dingzi Gu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Lianyungang TCM Branch of Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Jiangsu Lianyungang 222006, China
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244
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Stępnik KE, Malinowska I, Maciejewska M. A new application of micellar liquid chromatography in the determination of free ampicillin concentration in the drug-human serum albumin standard solution in comparison with the adsorption method. Talanta 2016; 153:1-7. [PMID: 27130082 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The determination of free drug concentration is a very important issue in the field of pharmacology because only the unbound drug fraction can achieve a pharmacological effect. Due to the ability to solubilize many different compounds in micellar aggregates, micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) can be used for direct determination of free drug concentration. Proteins are not retained on the stationary phase probably due to the formation of protein - surfactant complexes which are excluded from the pores of stationary phase. The micellar method is simple and fast. It does not require any pre-preparation of the tested samples for analysis. The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate a completely new applicability of the analytical use of MLC concerning the determination of free drug concentration in the standard solution of human serum albumin. The well-known adsorption method using RP-HPLC and the spectrophotometric technique was applied as the reference method. The results show that the free drug concentration value obtained in the MLC system (based on the RP-8 stationary phase and CTAB) is similar to that obtained by the adsorption method: both RP-HPLC (95.83μgmL(-1), 79.86% of free form) and spectrophotometry (95.71μgmL(-1), 79.76%). In the MLC the free drug concentration was 93.98μgmL(-1) (78.3%). This indicates that the obtained results are within the analytical range of % of free ampicillin fraction and the MLC with direct sample injection can be treated like a promising method for the determination of free drug concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna E Stępnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Planar Chromatography, Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, M. Curie - Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Irena Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, Department of Planar Chromatography, Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, M. Curie - Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maciejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry, Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, Gliniana St. 33, 20-614 Lublin, Poland
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245
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Zhu X, Guo S, He T, Jiang S, Jańczewski D, Vancso GJ. Engineered, Robust Polyelectrolyte Multilayers by Precise Control of Surface Potential for Designer Protein, Cell, and Bacteria Adsorption. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1338-1346. [PMID: 26756285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked layer-by-layer (LbL) assemblies with a precisely tuned surface ζ-potential were fabricated to control the adsorption of proteins, mammalian cells, and bacteria for different biomedical applications. Two weak polyions including a synthesized polyanion and polyethylenimine were assembled under controlled conditions and cross-linked to prepare three robust LbL films as model surfaces with similar roughness and water affinity but displaying negative, zero, and positive net charges at the physiological pH (7.4). These surfaces were tested for their abilities to adsorb proteins, including bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYZ). In the adsorption tests, the LbL films bind more proteins with opposite charges but less of those with like charges, indicating that electrostatic interactions play a major role in protein adsorption. However, LYZ showed higher nonspecific adsorption than BSA, because of the specific behavior of LYZ molecules, such as stacked multilayer formation during adsorption. To exclude such stacking effects from experiments, protein molecules were covalently immobilized on AFM colloidal probes to measure the adhesion forces against the model surfaces utilizing direct protein molecule-surface contacts. The results confirmed the dominating role of electrostatic forces in protein adhesion. In fibroblast cell and bacteria adhesion tests, similar trends (high adhesion on positively charged surfaces, but much lower on neutral and negatively charged surfaces) were observed because the fibroblast cell and bacterial surfaces studied possess negative potentials. The cross-linked LbL films with improved stability and engineered surface charge described in this study provide an excellent platform to control the behavior of different charged objects and can be utilized in practical biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Shifeng Guo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Tao He
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Shan Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Dominik Jańczewski
- Laboratory of Technological Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology , Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Julius Vancso
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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246
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Vyner MC, Amsden BG. Polymer chain flexibility-induced differences in fetuin A adsorption and its implications on cell attachment and proliferation. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:89-98. [PMID: 26607770 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue cells are known to respond to the stiffness of the polymer substrate on which they are grown. It has been suggested that material stiffness influences the composition of the protein layer that adsorbs to the material surface, which affects subsequent cell behavior. Previously, the stiffness of a biomaterial elastomer formed from an acrylated star-poly(d,l lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) was found to influence both fibroblast proliferation as well as the adsorption of certain proteins. However, it remained unresolved as to whether material stiffness influenced protein adsorption from serum supplemented environments and which protein(s) may have been responsible for the difference in fibroblast proliferation. Using quantitative proteomics, we show that polymer stiffness influenced the composition of the protein layers that adsorb from serum supplemented media. Fetuin A was identified as a protein that influenced fibroblast proliferation and, when combined with basic fibroblast growth factor as a medium supplement, improved fibroblast proliferation over 14days. This study is the first to correlate cell proliferation to surface adsorbed fetuin A and presents the potential new application for fetuin A as biomaterial coating or surface modifier. This work also demonstrates a novel application of quantitative proteomics for the investigation of competitive protein adsorption to biomaterial surfaces. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cells are able to respond to the stiffness of their material substrate, but the method by which they sense material stiffness is still under investigation. Previously, material stiffness was found to impact the individual adsorption of fibronectin, a protein associated with cell attachment; however, it was unclear if stiffness was able to affect protein adsorption in environments with multiple proteins. This study shows that material stiffness affects the compositions of protein layers adsorbed from supplemented media, and suggests that cells may sense material stiffness via the adsorbed protein layer. Interestingly, fetuin A was found to be affecting cell proliferation and not fibronectin. Finally, this research demonstrates the use of relative quantitation proteomics as a potentially powerful method to improve biomaterial compatibility.
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247
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Silverstein JS, Casey BJ, Kofinas P, Dair BJ. Protein Adsorption on Chemically Modified Block Copolymer Nanodomains: Influence of Charge and Flow. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 16:1460-70. [PMID: 27433605 PMCID: PMC6209447 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.10895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions of biomacromolecules with nanoengineered surfaces is vital for assessing material biocompatibility. This study focuses on the dynamics of protein adsorption on nanopatterned block copolymers (BCPs). Poly(styrene)-block-poly(1,2-butadiene) BCPs functionalized with an acid, amine, amide, or captopril moieties were processed to produce nanopatterned films. These films were characterized using water contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy in air and liquid to determine how the modification process affected. wettability and swelling. Protein adsorption experiments were conducted under static and dynamic conditions via a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Proteins of various size, charge, and stability were investigated to determine whether their physical characteristics affected adsorption. Significantly decreased contact angles were caused by selective swelling of modified BCP domains. The results indicate that nanopatterned chemistry and experimental conditions strongly impact adsorption dynamics. Depending on the structural stability of the protein, polyelectrolyte surfaces significantly increased adsorption over controls. Further analysis suggested that protein stability may correlate with dissipation versus frequency plots.
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Gleason C, Yee C, Masatani P, Middaugh CR, Vance A. Probing Shear Thinning Behaviors of IgG Molecules at the Air-Water Interface via Rheological Methods. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:496-504. [PMID: 26673996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Shear thinning behavior, often observed in shear viscosity tests of IgG therapeutic molecules, could lead to significant disparities in the projections for the viscosity profile of a molecule. Despite its importance, molecular determinants of sheer thinning in protein suspensions are largely unknown. To better understand the factors influencing sheer thinning, viscosity profiles of IgG1 and IgG2 molecules were monitored over a wide range of bulk concentrations (0.007-70 mg/mL). The degree of shear-thinning of 70 and 0.007 mg/mL samples was minimal in comparison to the 0.7 mg/mL solution for both IgG molecules. These observations suggest that bulk concentration alone does not determine the degree of sheer thinning, and additional factors play a role. Additional data reveals, within a threshold range of concentrations, that a strong correlation exists between the degree of shear thinning and the surface area to volume (SA:V) ratio of an IgG sample exposed to the interface. The influence of the interface, however, diminishes when the bulk concentration falls outside this concentration window. Also revealed by interfacial oscillatory rheological testing, both IgG molecules showed solid-like behavior (G'i) at the air-water interface at 0.7 mg/mL, whereas liquid-like behavior (G″i) was dominant at 0.007 and 70 mg/mL concentrations. These observations imply that the lack of solid-like behavior was due to the absence of a network structure. Likewise the addition of polysorbate 20 (PS20) to the 0.7 mg/mL solutions decreased the degree of shear thinning by disrupting the network structure at the interface. Taken together, the results presented here suggest that, although shear thinning behavior is a manifestation of an interfacial, rather than a bulk, phenomenon, the extent of it depends on how susceptible the surface molecules are to the air-water interface, where the surface molecular structures are influenced by the bulk properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Gleason
- Materials and System Analytics, Amgen Inc. , Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Chanel Yee
- Materials and System Analytics, Amgen Inc. , Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Peter Masatani
- Materials and System Analytics, Amgen Inc. , Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - C Russell Middaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Aylin Vance
- Materials and System Analytics, Amgen Inc. , Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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Kumar A, Bicer EM, Morgan AB, Pfeffer PE, Monopoli M, Dawson KA, Eriksson J, Edwards K, Lynham S, Arno M, Behndig AF, Blomberg A, Somers G, Hassall D, Dailey LA, Forbes B, Mudway IS. Enrichment of immunoregulatory proteins in the biomolecular corona of nanoparticles within human respiratory tract lining fluid. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1033-1043. [PMID: 26767511 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED When inhaled nanoparticles deposit in the lungs, they transit through respiratory tract lining fluid (RTLF) acquiring a biomolecular corona reflecting the interaction of the RTLF with the nanomaterial surface. Label-free snapshot proteomics was used to generate semi-quantitative profiles of corona proteins formed around silica (SiO2) and poly(vinyl) acetate (PVAc) nanoparticles in RTLF, the latter employed as an archetype drug delivery vehicle. The evolved PVAc corona was significantly enriched compared to that observed on SiO2 nanoparticles (698 vs. 429 proteins identified); however both coronas contained a substantial contribution from innate immunity proteins, including surfactant protein A, napsin A and complement (C1q and C3) proteins. Functional protein classification supports the hypothesis that corona formation in RTLF constitutes opsonisation, preparing particles for phagocytosis and clearance from the lungs. These data highlight how an understanding of the evolved corona is necessary for the design of inhaled nanomedicines with acceptable safety and tailored clearance profiles. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Inhaled nanoparticles often acquire a layer of protein corona while they go through the respiratory tract. Here, the authors investigated the identity of these proteins. The proper identification would improve the understanding of the use of inhaled nanoparticles in future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, LondonUK.
| | - Elif Melis Bicer
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health and NIHR-HPRU in the Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, Environmental and Analytical Research, Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Anna Babin Morgan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, LondonUK
| | - Paul E Pfeffer
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Marco Monopoli
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jonny Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Steven Lynham
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Matthew Arno
- Genomics Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - Annelie F Behndig
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Graham Somers
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Dave Hassall
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, LondonUK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, LondonUK
| | - Ian S Mudway
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health and NIHR-HPRU in the Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, Environmental and Analytical Research, Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College, London, UK
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250
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Aravamudhan A, Ramos DM, Jenkins NA, Dyment NA, Sanders MM, Rowe DW, Kumbar SG. Collagen nanofibril self-assembly on a natural polymeric material for the osteoinduction of stem cells in vitro and biocompatibility in vivo. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript reports the characterization of molecularly self-assembled collagen nanofibers on a natural polymeric microporous structure and their ability to support stem cell differentiation in vitro and host tissue response in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Aravamudhan
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering
- University of Connecticut Health Center
- Farmington
- USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
| | - D. M. Ramos
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering
- University of Connecticut Health Center
- Farmington
- USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
| | - N. A. Jenkins
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering
- University of Connecticut Health Center
- Farmington
- USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
| | - N. A. Dyment
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences
- School of Dental Medicine
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine
- Farmington
- USA
| | - M. M. Sanders
- Division of Pathology
- University of Connecticut Health Center
- Farmington
- USA
| | - D. W. Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences
- School of Dental Medicine
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine
- Farmington
- USA
| | - S. G. Kumbar
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering
- University of Connecticut Health Center
- Farmington
- USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
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