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Kumar D, Sharma S, Kumar S. Botanical description, phytochemistry, traditional uses, and pharmacology of Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham.: an updated review. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham., an important medicinal plant of the Capparidaceae family, is widely distributed in India and tropical and subtropical parts of the world. It has been reported for its folkloric use in various disorders such as blood purifier, breathing problems, fever, metabolic disorders, wound healing, memory loss, and weak immune system.
Results
The present review has focused on the botanical description and ethnomedicinal and traditional uses of C. nurvala along with its reported pharmacological activities. Chief chemical constituents and pharmacological aspects of C. nurvala have been deeply explored to unravel the unexplored folklore/ethnomedicinal uses of this plant so that the researchers working on this plant may be able to find new insights to continue further investigation on this plant. The pharmacological aspects like anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, anti-diarrheal, anti-fertility, anti-pyretic, and anti-cancer potentials evaluated by various in vitro/in vivo methods on this plant have been reported.
Conclusion
Various traditional uses have been reported that need to be scientifically investigated in depth and several pharmacological activities have been reported for the C. nurvala, but more detailed and mechanism-based studies linked to a particular lead compound need to be targeted in the future. Moreover, this plant has not been completely assessed on the basis of its safety and efficacy on humans. It is expected that this review will compile and improve the existing knowledge on the potential utilization of C. nurvala in complementary and alternative medicine.
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Wu H, Su M, Jin H, Li X, Wang P, Chen J, Chen J. Rutin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles With Antithrombotic Function. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598977. [PMID: 33324624 PMCID: PMC7723967 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we fabricated rutin-loaded silver nanoparticles (Rutin@AgNPs) as the nano-anticoagulant with antithrombotic function. The serum stability, anticoagulation activity, and bleeding risk of Rutin@AgNPs were evaluated. The results showed Rutin@AgNPs had good serum stability, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. The anticoagulation activity of rutin was maintained, and its stability and aqueous solubility were improved. The Rutin@AgNPs could provide a sustained release to prolong the half-life of rutin. The results of the coagulation parameter assay and thrombus formation test in mice model showed that the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged, and Rutin@AgNPs inhibited the thrombosis in the 48 h period. Moreover, the limited bleeding time indicated that the Rutin@AgNPs significantly minimized the hemorrhage risk of rutin. This Rutin@AgNPs is a potential anticoagulant for antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jingxiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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203
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Luthar Z, Germ M, Likar M, Golob A, Vogel-Mikuš K, Pongrac P, Kušar A, Pravst I, Kreft I. Breeding Buckwheat for Increased Levels of Rutin, Quercetin and Other Bioactive Compounds with Potential Antiviral Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1638. [PMID: 33255469 PMCID: PMC7760024 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) are sources of many bioactive compounds, such as rutin, quercetin, emodin, fagopyrin and other (poly)phenolics. In damaged or milled grain under wet conditions, most of the rutin in common and Tartary buckwheat is degraded to quercetin by rutin-degrading enzymes (e.g., rutinosidase). From Tartary buckwheat varieties with low rutinosidase activity it is possible to prepare foods with high levels of rutin, with the preserved initial levels in the grain. The quercetin from rutin degradation in Tartary buckwheat grain is responsible in part for inhibition of α-glucosidase in the intestine, which helps to maintain normal glucose levels in the blood. Rutin and emodin have the potential for antiviral effects. Grain embryos are rich in rutin, so breeding buckwheat with the aim of producing larger embryos may be a promising strategy to increase the levels of rutin in common and Tartary buckwheat grain, and hence to improve its nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlata Luthar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Matevž Likar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (M.G.); (M.L.); (A.G.); (K.V.-M.); (P.P.)
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anita Kušar
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Igor Pravst
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Ivan Kreft
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (I.P.)
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204
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Ekaette I, Saldaña MDA. Ultrasound processing of rutin in food-grade solvents: Derivative compounds, antioxidant activities and optical rotation. Food Chem 2020; 344:128629. [PMID: 33272752 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasound was studied on the flavonoid rutin to understand its hydrolysis to aglycones, antioxidant capacity and optical rotation. The total phenolic content increased >56% at 3.6-36 kJ/cm3, indicating production of phenolic compounds. In the water media, at 27 kJ/cm3 and 47 °C, the total flavonoid content increased from control 0.26 ± 0.01 to 0.45 ± 0.02 mg catechin equivalent/mg rutin hydrate. Quercetin yield in citric acid media increased with change in energy density from 0.34 ± 0.09% at 0.1 kJ/cm3 (68 °C) to 2.23 ± 0.04% at 7.0 kJ/cm3 (86 °C). A plummeting effect was only observed in water media after 27 kJ/cm3 by FRAP (47 °C) and DPPH (86 °C) antioxidant activities, indicating that the presence of solutes (citric acid and NaCl) after 27 kJ/cm3 reduced degradation of flavonoids. Furthermore, ultrasonication increased levorotatory rutin enantiomers, that can be used to further modify physico-chemical properties of other food components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idaresit Ekaette
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Marleny D A Saldaña
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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205
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Song K, Sivanesan I, Ak G, Zengin G, Cziáky Z, Jekő J, Rengasamy KRR, Lee ON, Kim DH. Screening of Bioactive Metabolites and Biological Activities of Calli, Shoots, and Seedlings of Mertensia maritima (L.) Gray. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111551. [PMID: 33198181 PMCID: PMC7697918 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mertensia maritima (L.) Gray is threatened with extinction owing to climate change, poor seed germination, and ocean warming. In vitro explant-culture is used for ex situ preservation and plantlet massive production. In vitro cell and organ cultures serve as an alternative plant material source to investigate the biological activities and phytochemical profiles of rare plants. We aimed to develop an efficient callus and shoot production protocol and investigate bioactive metabolites, antioxidants, and enzyme inhibitory potential of M. maritima calli, shoots, and in vivo seedlings. The effects of combinations of different plant growth regulators, 6-BA (N6-benzyladenine), 6-KN (Kinetin), TDZ (Thidiazuron), and NAA (1-Naphthylacetic acid), in MS (Murashige and Skoog) nutrient medium were studied. The highest callus proliferation was obtained after 5-week cultivation over a 16-h photoperiod on growth medium MS enriched with 4 µM each of 6-BA and NAA. The medium with 2 µM 6-BA and 4 µM 6-KN had the best shoot induction rate (91.1%) with a mean of 13.4 shoots. The combination of two cytokinins (6-BA and 6-KN) was found to be effective in M. maritima shoot regeneration. The rooting frequency was 100% in ½ MS with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA 2 µM). The number of detected compounds and chemical composition in the M. maritima shoots and seedlings extracts were similar. The total amount of phenolics in the shoots was 216.4% and 369.5% higher than in seedlings and calli, respectively. The total amount of flavonoids in the shoots was 241.1% and 429.3% higher than in seedlings and calli, respectively. The best antioxidant activity was obtained in the shoots, followed by seedlings and calli. However, the order was seedlings > calli > shoots regarding metal chelating ability. The strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties were obtained in the calli, followed by seedlings and shoots. However, the tested samples can be ranked as seedlings > shoots > calli in butylcholinestrase inhibition assay. This study is the first report on the enzyme inhibitory effects of M. maritima extracts, providing valuable contributions to the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihwan Song
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2450-0576
| | - Gunes Ak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey; (G.A.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zoltán Cziáky
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - József Jekő
- Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; (Z.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Kannan RR Rengasamy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2745, North West Province, South Africa
| | - O New Lee
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Doo Hwan Kim
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
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206
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Añibarro-Ortega M, Pinela J, Ćirić A, Martins V, Rocha F, Soković MD, Barata AM, Carvalho AM, Barros L, Ferreira IC. Valorisation of table tomato crop by-products: Phenolic profiles and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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207
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Microencapsulation of polyphenols - The specific case of the microencapsulation of Sambucus Nigra L. extracts - A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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208
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Muñiz-Mouro A, Gullón B, Lu-Chau TA, Eibes G. Green and sustainable synthesis of oligorutin using an enzymatic membrane reactor: Process optimization. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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209
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Zhang B, Jaouhari AE, Wu X, Liu W, Zhu J, Liu X. Synthesis and characterization of PEDOT-MC decorated AgNPs for voltammetric detection of rutin in real samples. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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210
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First-time comparative investigation on Araucaria columnaris (G. Forst.) Hook. leaves: extraction techniques, phytochemicals, medicinal activities, and DFT study. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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211
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Silva PB, Mendes LG, Rehder APB, Duarte CR, Barrozo MAS. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from acerola waste. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:4627-4636. [PMID: 33087974 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The industrial processing of acerola (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) produces huge quantities of waste material that are badly discarded or undervalued. In spite of this, acerola wastes have a high content of antioxidant compounds. The aim of this work was to study the extraction of antioxidant compounds from acerola residues using ultrasound assisted extraction. Using multiple regression techniques, the effects of ethanol concentration in the hydroethanolic solution (C), extraction time (t), temperature (T), and liquid-solid ratio (R) on the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant potential were investigated. The best extraction conditions were identified using the desirability function, which is a multi-response optimization technique. The optimal processing parameters were 67.5% of ethanol concentration, temperature of 80.9 °C, liquid/solid ratio of 59.8 mL/g, and extraction time of 13.6 min. HPLC-UV has been used to identify the main antioxidant compounds obtained under these optimal condition. Based on the results, acerola waste has high potential for better use, such as in food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila B Silva
- Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Campus Timóteo, Timóteo, MG Brazil
| | - Lorena G Mendes
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Ana P B Rehder
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Claudio R Duarte
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Marcos A S Barrozo
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG Brazil
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212
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Lončarić A, Celeiro M, Jozinović A, Jelinić J, Kovač T, Jokić S, Babić J, Moslavac T, Zavadlav S, Lores M. Green Extraction Methods for Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Blueberry Pomace. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111521. [PMID: 33113955 PMCID: PMC7690751 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, green extraction methods—high voltage electrical discharges (HVED), pulsed electric field (PEF), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)—were compared in terms of extraction yield of total and individual polyphenolic compounds, as well as the antioxidant capacity of blueberry pomace extracts. All extractions were performed with methanol- and ethanol-based solvents. The highest total polyphenols content (TPC) (10.52 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g of dry weight (dw)) and antioxidant activity (AA) (0.83 mmol TE/g dw) were obtained by PEF-assisted extraction in the ethanol-based solvent after 100 pulses and 20 kV/cm, which corresponds to an energy input of 41.03 kJ/kg. A total of eighteen individual polyphenols were identified in all investigated blueberry pomace extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography with the diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (LC-(HESI)-MS/MS). The highest anthocyanin (1757.32 µg/g of dw) and flavanol (297.86 µg/g of dw) yields were obtained in the methanol-based solvent, while the highest phenolic acid (625.47 µg/g of dw) and flavonol (157.54 µg/g of dw) yields were obtained in the ethanol-based solvent by PEF-assisted extraction at the energy input of 41.03 kJ/kg. These results indicated that PEF is a promising green extraction method which can improve the blueberry pomace’s polyphenol extraction yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante Lončarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-31-544-350
| | - Maria Celeiro
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Antun Jozinović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Josip Jelinić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Tihomir Kovač
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Jurislav Babić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Tihomir Moslavac
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (A.J.); (J.J.); (T.K.); (S.J.); (J.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Sandra Zavadlav
- Department of Food Technology, Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J. J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia;
| | - Marta Lores
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.C.); (M.L.)
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213
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Ballard CR, Dos Santos EF, Dubois MJ, Pilon G, Cazarin CBB, Maróstica Junior MR, Marette A. Two polyphenol-rich Brazilian fruit extracts protect from diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:8800-8810. [PMID: 32959866 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01912g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of polyphenol-rich food is associated with better metabolic health. Tucum-do-Pantanal (Bactris setosa Mart) and taruma-do-cerrado (Vitex cymosa Bertero ex Spreng) are underexploited native Brazilian fruits with an important source of phytochemicals. In this study, we assessed the effects of 100 mg kg-1 tucum (TPE) and taruma (TCE) extracts on diet-induced obesity (DIO) C57BL/6J mice. After 8 weeks of daily treatment, TPE and TCE were found to significantly prevented the diet-induced body weight gain and fully protected against hepatic steatosis associated with a tendency to stimulate hepatic AMPK phosphorylation. TPE reduced visceral obesity and improved glucose metabolism as revealed by an improvement of the insulin tolerance test, a reduction in the insulin fasting level, and a decreased glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia during an oral glucose tolerance test. TPE and TCE showed promising effects on the treatment of obesity and NAFLD, furthermore, TPE on insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Reis Ballard
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato, 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, S/N Costa e Silva, 79070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Marie-Julie Dubois
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval Hospital, Laval University, Quebec City, 2725 Sainte Foy, G1V 4G5, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval Hospital, Laval University, Quebec City, 2725 Sainte Foy, G1V 4G5, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato, 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato, 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Andre Marette
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval Hospital, Laval University, Quebec City, 2725 Sainte Foy, G1V 4G5, Quebec, Canada.
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214
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Esquivel P, Viñas M, Steingass CB, Gruschwitz M, Guevara E, Carle R, Schweiggert RM, Jiménez VM. Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) by-Products as a Source of Carotenoids and Phenolic Compounds—Evaluation of Varieties With Different Peel Color. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.590597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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215
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Valorisation of Exhausted Olive Pomace by an Eco-Friendly Solvent Extraction Process of Natural Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9101010. [PMID: 33080930 PMCID: PMC7603280 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhausted olive pomace (EOP) is the waste generated from the drying and subsequent extraction of residual oil from the olive pomace. In this work, the effect of different aqueous solvents on the recovery of antioxidant compounds from this lignocellulosic biomass was assessed. Water extraction was selected as the best option for recovering bioactive compounds from EOP, and the influence of the main operational parameters involved in the extraction was evaluated by response surface methodology. Aqueous extraction of EOP under optimised conditions (10% solids, 85 °C, and 90 min) yielded an extract with concentrations (per g EOP) of phenolic compounds and flavonoids of 44.5 mg gallic acid equivalent and 114.9 mg rutin equivalent, respectively. Hydroxytyrosol was identified as the major phenolic compound in EOP aqueous extracts. Moreover, these extracts showed high antioxidant activity, as well as moderate bactericidal action against some food-borne pathogens. In general, these results indicate the great potential of EOP as a source of bioactive compounds, with potential uses in several industrial applications.
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216
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Negahdari R, Bohlouli S, Sharifi S, Maleki Dizaj S, Rahbar Saadat Y, Khezri K, Jafari S, Ahmadian E, Gorbani Jahandizi N, Raeesi S. Therapeutic benefits of rutin and its nanoformulations. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1719-1738. [PMID: 33058407 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rutin as a natural flavonoid compound has revealed an extensive range of therapeutic potentials. PURPOSE The current paper is focused on the numerous studies on rutin nanoformulations regarding its broad spectrum of therapeutic potentials. STUDY AND METHODS A review was conducted in electronic databases (PubMed) to identify relevant published literature in English. No restrictions on publication date were imposed. RESULTS The literature search provided 7,078 results for rutin. Among them, 25 papers were related to the potential biological activities of rutin nanoformulations. Polymeric nanoparticles were the most studied nanoformulations for rutin (14 titles) and lipid nanoparticles (5 titles) were in second place. The reviewed literature showed that rutin has been used as an antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-allergic agent. Improving the bioavailability of rutin using novel drug-delivery methods will help the investigators to use its useful effects in the treatment of various chronic human diseases. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the preparation of rutin nanomaterials for the various therapeutic objects confirmed the enhanced aqueous solubility as well as enhanced efficacy compared to conventional delivery of rutin. However, more investigations should be conducted to confirm the improved bioavailability of the rutin nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Negahdari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bohlouli
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khezri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran, University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Samira Jafari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negar Gorbani Jahandizi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safa Raeesi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Flavonoids are known for their numerous biological activities; however, their pharmacological application is limited by poor bioavailability. Glycosides are usually more stable and more soluble in water and in this form, flavonoids are present in nature. Likewise, the presence of the methyl group in the flavonoid skeleton results in facilitated absorption and greater bioavailability. Entomopathogenic filamentous fungi are effective in the biotransformation of flavonoids; they are known especially for efficient glycosylation. In the current study we used strains of Beauveria bassiana KCH J1.5 and Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2 to biotransform flavonoids with a single methyl group. 2′-Hydroxy-5′-methylchalcone was biotransformed by both strains into 2′-hydroxy-5′-methylchalcone 3-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. In the culture of B. bassiana KCH J1.5 four products were obtained from 6-methylflavanone: 4′-hydroxy-6-methylflavanone 3′-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside; 4′-hydroxyflavanone 6-methylene-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside; 6-hydroxymethylflavanone 3′-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 4′-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethylflavanone 3′-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. Biotransformation with I. fumosorosea KCH J2 as a biocatalyst resulted in the formation of 6-methylflavanone 4′-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 2-phenyl-6-methylchromane 4-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. All of these flavonoids can be used in biological activity tests and can be useful in studies concerning structure—bioactivity relationships.
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218
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Gamma radiation induced changes in antioxidant and radioprotective activities of flavonoids differing mainly with respect to –OH substitution pattern in B and C rings. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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219
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Gullón P, Gullón B, Astray G, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J. Valorization of by-products from olive oil industry and added-value applications for innovative functional foods. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109683. [PMID: 33233259 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, the consumption of olive oil has experienced a sharp rise due to its organoleptic and healthy properties and with this the wastes and by-products derived from the olive production and the olive oil industry have also increased causing important environmental and economic issues. However, the high content in bioactive compounds of these wastes and by-products makes that its recovery is both a great challenge and an excellent opportunity for the olive oil sector. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review encompasses the more outstanding aspects related to the advances achieved until date in the olive oil by-products valorisation and added-value applications for innovative functional foods. CONCLUSION Taking into account the information reported in this manuscript, the development of a multiproduct biorefinery in cascade using eco-friendly technologies interchangable seems a suitable stratety to obtaining high added value compounds from olive oil by-products with applications in the field of innovative functional foods. In addition, this would allow an integral valorization of these residues enhancing the profitability of the olive oil industry. On the other hand, the biocompounds fom olive oil by-products have been described by their interesting bioactivities with beneficial properties for the consumers' health; therefore, their incorporation into the formulation of functional foods opens new possibilities in the field of innovative foods. Future perspective: Despite the studies descibed in the literature, more research on the healthy properties of the recovered compounds and their interactions with food components is key to allow their reintegration in the food chain and therefore, the removal of the olive oil by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gullón
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Astray
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - María Carpena
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - María Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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220
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Gullón P, Gullón B, Astray G, Munekata PES, Pateiro M, Lorenzo JM. Value-Added Compound Recovery from Invasive Forest for Biofunctional Applications: Eucalyptus Species as a Case Study. Molecules 2020; 25:E4227. [PMID: 32942656 PMCID: PMC7570642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
From ancient times, the medicinal properties of the different Eucalyptus species are well known. In fact, plants from this family have been used in folk medicine as antiseptics, and to treat different ailments of the upper respiratory tract such as sinus congestion, common cold, or influenza. Moreover, other biological activities were described for Eucalyptus species such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In the last few decades, numerous investigations revealed that the compounds responsible for these properties are secondary metabolites that belonging to the group of phenolic compounds and are present in different parts of the plants such as leaves, bark, wood, fruits, and stumps. The increasing demand for natural compounds that can substitute synthetic antioxidants and the increase in resistance to traditional antibiotics have boosted the intense search for renewable natural sources containing substances with such bioactivities, as well as greener extraction technologies and avant-garde analytical methods for the identification of the target molecules. The literature data used in this paper were collected via Scopus (2001-2020) using the following search terms: Eucalyptus, extraction methods, phenolic compounds, and biological activities. This review collects the main studies related to the recovery of value-added compounds from different Eucalyptus species, as well as their biofunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gullón
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | - Gonzalo Astray
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
- CITACA, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.)
| | - José Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.)
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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221
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Mottaghipisheh J, Iriti M. Sephadex ® LH-20, Isolation, and Purification of Flavonoids from Plant Species: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184146. [PMID: 32927822 PMCID: PMC7570886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are considered one of the most diverse phenolic compounds possessing several valuable health benefits. The present study aimed at gathering all correlated reports, in which Sephadex® LH-20 (SLH) has been utilized as the final step to isolate or purify of flavonoid derivatives among all plant families. Overall, 189 flavonoids have been documented, while the majority were identified from the Asteraceae, Moraceae, and Poaceae families. Application of SLH has led to isolate 79 flavonols, 63 flavones, and 18 flavanones. Homoisoflavanoids, and proanthocyanidins have only been isolated from the Asparagaceae and Lauraceae families, respectively, while the Asteraceae was the richest in flavones possessing 22 derivatives. Six flavones, four flavonols, three homoisoflavonoids, one flavanone, a flavanol, and an isoflavanol have been isolated as the new secondary metabolites. This technique has been able to isolate quercetin from 19 plant species, along with its 31 derivatives. Pure methanol and in combination with water, chloroform, and dichloromethane have generally been used as eluents. This comprehensive review provides significant information regarding to remarkably use of SLH in isolation and purification of flavonoids from all the plant families; thus, it might be considered an appreciable guideline for further phytochemical investigation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.I.); Tel.: +36-60702756066 (J.M.); +39-0250316766 (M.I.)
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.I.); Tel.: +36-60702756066 (J.M.); +39-0250316766 (M.I.)
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Nouri Z, Fakhri S, Nouri K, Wallace CE, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways in Cancer: The Rutin Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2276. [PMID: 32823876 PMCID: PMC7463935 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The conventional therapies used in cancer prevention/treatment suffer from low efficacy, considerable toxicity, and high cost. Hence, the discovery and development of novel multi-targeted agents to attenuate the dysregulated signaling in cancer is of great importance. In recent decades, phytochemicals from dietary and medicinal plants have been successfully introduced as alternative anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate numerous oncogenic and oncosuppressive signaling pathways. Rutin (also known as rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin) is an active plant-derived flavonoid that is widely distributed in various vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants, including asparagus, buckwheat, apricots, apples, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, oranges, and tea. Rutin has been shown to target various inflammatory, apoptotic, autophagic, and angiogenic signaling mediators, including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins, light chain 3/Beclin, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein, caspases, and vascular endothelial growth factor. A comprehensive and critical analysis of the anticancer potential of rutin and associated molecular targets amongst various cancer types has not been performed previously. Accordingly, the purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date and critical evaluation of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms through which the anticancer effects of rutin are known to be exerted. The current challenges and limitations as well as future directions of research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
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Fonseca DFS, Vilela C, Pinto RJB, Bastos V, Oliveira H, Catarino J, Faísca P, Rosado C, Silvestre AJD, Freire CSR. Bacterial nanocellulose-hyaluronic acid microneedle patches for skin applications: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111350. [PMID: 33254971 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop innovative patches for dermo-cosmetic applications based on dissolvable hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedles (MNs) combined with bacterial nanocellulose (BC) as the back layer. HA was employed as an active biomacromolecule, with hydrating and regenerative properties and volumizing effect, whereas BC was used as support for the incorporation of an additional bioactive molecule. Rutin, a natural antioxidant, was selected as the model bioactive compound to demonstrate the effectiveness of the system. The obtained HA-MNs arrays present homogenous and regular needles, with 200 μm in base width, 450 μm in height and 500 μm tip-to-tip distance, and with sufficient mechanical force to withstand skin insertion with a failure force higher than 0.15 N per needle. The antioxidant activity of rutin was neither affected by its incorporation in the MNs system nor by their storage at room temperature for 6 months. Preliminary in vivo studies in human volunteers unveiled their safety and cutaneous compatibility, as no significant changes in barrier function, stratum corneum hydration nor redness were detected. These results confirm the potentiality of this novel system for skin applications, e.g. cosmetics, taking advantage of the recognized properties of HA and the capacity of BC to control the release of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F S Fonseca
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Vilela
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J B Pinto
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Verónica Bastos
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Catarino
- CBIOS - Centre for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, 1740-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Faísca
- CBIOS - Centre for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, 1740-024 Lisbon, Portugal; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rosado
- CBIOS - Centre for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, 1740-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Armando J D Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carmen S R Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Zhang N, Zhang F, Xu S, Yun K, Wu W, Pan W. Formulation and evaluation of luteolin supersaturatable self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for enhanced oral bioavailability. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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225
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Humulus lupulus L. as a Natural Source of Functional Biomolecules. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are used traditionally in the brewing industry to confer bitterness, aroma, and flavor to beer. However, in recent years, it has been reported that female inflorescences contain a huge variety of bioactive compounds. Due to the growing interest of the consumers by natural ingredients, intense research has been carried out in the last years to find new sources of functional molecules. This review collects the works about the bioactive potential of hops with applications in the food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic industries. Moreover, an overview of the main extraction technologies to recover biomolecules from hops is shown. Bioactivities of hop extracts such as antibacterial, antifungal, cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral are also summarized. It can be concluded that hops present a high potential of bioactive ingredients with high quality that can be used as preservative agents in fresh foods, extending their shelf life, and they can be incorporated in cosmetic formulation for skincare as well.
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226
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Riaz M, Al-Tarouti M, Aloufi F, AlDarwish A, Alalaq B, Alhanfoush B, Khan Z. Optimization of extraction and quantification technique for phenolics content of garlic (Allium sativum): An application for comparative phytochemical evaluation based on cultivar origin. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4942. [PMID: 32656779 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A range of conventional, i.e. maceration, percolation, ultrasonic assisted, Soxhlet and Soxtec extraction (STE), to advanced extraction techniques of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was utilized for the first time in order to optimize the extract yield and recovery of phenolics-gallic acid (GA), rutin (RT) and quercetin (QT)-quantified via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD). The effect of solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol) and temperature (60, 80 and 100°C) upon extraction yield, phenolic content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS and DPPH) was studied, and the method was validated in commercial food samples from Saudi Arabia, China and India. A high extract yield with percentage recovery was observed for STE (1221.10 mg/5 g; 24.42%) and ASE techniques (91.50 mg/1 g; 9.15%) in methanol at 100°C. UHPLC-DAD showed retention times (min) of 0.67, 1.93 and 1.90 for GA, RT and QT, respectively in the shortest runtime of 3 min. The yield for phenolics was higher for STE/ASE (ppm): 15.27/15.29 (GA), 85.24/37.56 (RT) and 52.20/33.40 (QT), respectively. In terms of antioxidant activities, low IC50 values (μg/ml) of 1.09/1.18 (DPPH), 2.11/5.32 (ABTS) and 4.35/7.88 (phenazine methosulfate-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) were observed for STE and ASE, respectively. Multivariate analysis for STE showed a significant (P = 0.000) correlation for extraction type vs. extract yield and phenolics content; however, there was no significance for antioxidant activities vs. extraction type. ASE showed a positive correlation for solvent vs. extraction yield, phenolics and antioxidant activity; however, there was no correlation for extraction yield and DPPH activity. Principal component analysis for STE showed a major variability (52.02%) for extraction yield and phenolics in PC1 followed by PC2 (38.30%) for antioxidant activities. For ASE, PC1 (48.68%) showed a positive correlation for solvent vs. extraction yield and phenolics while PC2 (33.12%) showed a positive correlation for temperature and antioxidant activities. STE and ASE were the optimized extraction techniques for the garlic food sample while a significant effect of solvent and temperature was observed upon extraction yield, phenolics and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Product and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Pakistan
| | - Maria Al-Tarouti
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Aloufi
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa AlDarwish
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Alalaq
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriah Alhanfoush
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Bilić VL, Gašić U, Milojković-Opsenica D, Nemet I, Rončević S, Kosalec I, Rodriguez JV. First Extensive Polyphenolic Profile of Erodium cicutarium with Novel Insights to Elemental Composition and Antioxidant Activity. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000280. [PMID: 32634273 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Erodium cicutarium is known for its total polyphenolic content, but this work reveals the first highly detailed profile of E. cicutarium, obtained with UHPLC-LTQ OrbiTrap MS4 and UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS techniques. A total of 85 phenolic compounds were identified and 17 constituents were quantified. Overall, 25 new compounds were found, which have not yet been reported for the Erodium genera, or the family Geraniaceae. Along with methanolic extracts, the so far poorly investigated water extracts exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity according to all performed assays, including the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay (ABTS) and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity assay (CUPRAC). Elemental composition analysis performed with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and, additionally, hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HydrEA-ETAAS) showed six most abundant elements to be decreasing as follows: Mg>Ca>K>S>P>Na, and gave first data regarding inorganic arsenic content (109.3-248.4 ng g-1 ). These results suggest E. cicutarium to be a valuable source of various phenolic compounds with substantial potential for further bioactivity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Ljoljić Bilić
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Schrottova 39, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.,Present address: Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Nemet
- Department of Chemistry - Division of Analytical Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Horvatovac 102A, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanda Rončević
- Department of Chemistry - Division of Analytical Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Horvatovac 102A, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kosalec
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Schrottova 39, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jadranka Vuković Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Prado JM, Veggi PC, Náthia-Neves G, Meireles MAA. Extraction Methods for Obtaining Natural Blue Colorants. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666181115125740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Blue is a color not often present in food. Even so, it is especially attractive
to children. Today, most blue coloring agents used by the food industry are synthetic. With increasing
health issues concern by the scientific community and the general population, there is a trend to look
for natural alternatives to most synthetic products. There only exist few natural blue colorants, which
are presented in a literature survey, along with the methods currently used for their recovery from
natural sources. The best extraction methods and process parameters for the extraction of blue anthocyanins,
iridoids and phycocyanin are discussed.
Methods:
A literature survey was conducted to detect the main sources of blue colorants found in nature.
The focus was on the extraction methods used to recover such molecules, with the objective of
finding efficient and environmentally safe techniques for application at industrial level, and, thus, allowing
the production of natural blue colorants at scale high enough for food industry consumption.
Results:
The main natural blue colorants found in literature are anthocyanins, phycocyanin, and genipin.
While anthocyanins can be recovered from a variety of plants, the source of phycocyanin are
algae, and genipin can be obtained specifically from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Genipa americana
L. Several extraction techniques have been applied to recover blue colorants from such sources,
from classical methods using organic solvents, to more sophisticated technologies as ultrasoundassisted
extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, high-pressure extraction,
and enzyme-assisted extraction.
Conclusion:
There is great potential for anthocyanins, phycocyanin and genipin use as natural food
additives with health benefits, besides imparting color. However, the technologies for the colorants
recovery and application are not mature enough. Therefore, this area is still developing, and it is necessary
to evaluate the economic feasibility of the proposed extraction processes, along with the safety
and acceptance of colored food using these additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. Prado
- Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla C. Veggi
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), School of Chemical Engineering, 210 Sao Nicolau Street, 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Grazielle Náthia-Neves
- LASEFI/DEA/FEA (College of Food Engineering)/ UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80; 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M. Angela A. Meireles
- LASEFI/DEA/FEA (College of Food Engineering)/ UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80; 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Mocan A, Babotă M, Pop A, Fizeșan I, Diuzheva A, Locatelli M, Carradori S, Campestre C, Menghini L, Sisea CR, Sokovic M, Zengin G, Păltinean R, Bădărău S, C. Vodnar D, Crișan G. Chemical Constituents and Biologic Activities of Sage Species: A Comparison between Salvia officinalis L., S. glutinosa L. and S. transsylvanica (Schur ex Griseb. & Schenk) Schur. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E480. [PMID: 32498441 PMCID: PMC7346212 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though Salvia genus is one of the most known and studied taxa of Lamiaceae family, the knowledge regarding the chemical composition and health-related benefits of some locally used Salvia species (mostly endemic) is still scarce. In this regard, the present work aims to evaluate the chemical profile and potential bioactivities of 70% (v/v) ethanolic extracts obtained from the less-studied S. transsylvanica and S. glutinosa in comparison with S. officinalis. HPLC-PDA analysis revealed the presence of rutin and catechin as the main compounds in the extracts of the three studied species (using the employed HPLC method), whereas the presence of naringenin was highlighted only in S. glutinosa extract. Chlorogenic acid, rutin and quercetin were identified and quantified for the first time in S. transsylvanica extracts. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of each extract was tested through complementary methods (phosphomolybdenum assay, DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC and FRAP assays), and correlated with the presence of phenolics (especially flavonoids) in high amounts. The neuroprotective and antidiabetic abilities of S. officinalis (the most active as AChE, BChE and α-glucosidase inhibitor), S. glutinosa (the most active as α-amylase inhibitor) and S. transsylvanica were also studied. For each extract it was determined the antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects using in vitro assays. The obtained results confirm the potential of S. transsylvanica and S. glutinosa as promising sources of bioactive compounds and as a starting point for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Mocan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Mihai Babotă
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Anca Pop
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Ionel Fizeșan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Alina Diuzheva
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Campestre
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristian R. Sisea
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus/Konya, 42250 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Ramona Păltinean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Sabin Bădărău
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gianina Crișan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (M.B.); (A.P.); (I.F.); (R.P.); (G.C.)
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Giuliano E, Paolino D, Cristiano MC, Fresta M, Cosco D. Rutin-Loaded Poloxamer 407-Based Hydrogels for In Situ Administration: Stability Profiles and Rheological Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061069. [PMID: 32486354 PMCID: PMC7352531 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is a flavone glycoside contained in many plants, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and wound-healing properties. The main disadvantage related to the use of this molecule for pharmaceutical application is its poor bioavailability, due to its low solubility in aqueous media. Poloxamer 407-hydrogels show interesting thermo-sensitive properties that make them attractive candidates as pharmaceutical formulations. The hydrophobic domains in the chemical structure of the copolymer, a polymer made up of two or more monomer species, are useful for retaining poorly water-soluble compounds. In this investigation various poloxamer 407-based hydrogels containing rutin were developed and characterized as a function of the drug concentration. In detail, the Turbiscan stability index, the micro- and dynamic rheological profiles and in vitro drug release were investigated and discussed. Rutin (either as a free powder or solubilized in ethanol) did not modify the stability or the rheological properties of these poloxamer 407-based hydrogels. The drug leakage was constant and prolonged for up to 72 h. The formulations described are expected to represent suitable systems for the in situ application of the bioactive as a consequence of their peculiar versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Giuliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Maria Chiara Cristiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.G.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4119
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231
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Pinto DCGA, Simões MAM, Silva AMS. Genista tridentata L.: A Rich Source of Flavonoids with Anti-inflammatory Activity. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7060031. [PMID: 32486147 PMCID: PMC7345318 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7060031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Genista tridentata L. is an endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula used in Portuguese traditional medicine to treat inflammation-related diseases; this and other health-promoting effects are usually associated with the flavonoids produced by this species. In fact, anti-inflammatory properties were established for several of these flavonoid derivatives. Methods: A careful survey of the reported data, using mainly the Scopus database and Genista tridentata and Pterospartum tridentatum as keywords, was done. We have examined the papers involving the plant and those about the most relevant flavonoids anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The literature survey demonstrates that species are used to treat several health problems such as antihyperglycemia, hypertension, and inflammatory episodes. It was also possible to establish its richness in flavonoid derivatives, from which several are potential anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusions: From our described and discussed analysis, it can be concluded that Genista tridentata is an excellent source of bioactive flavonoids. Moreover, its traditional use to treat inflammation episodes may be due to its flavonoid content, from which genistein, biochanin A, rutin, and daidzein can be emphasized.
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232
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Comparison of Centella with Flavonoids for Treatment of Symptoms in Hemorrhoidal Disease and After Surgical Intervention: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8009. [PMID: 32409760 PMCID: PMC7224176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlebotonics’ effects were evaluated to reduce time-to-stop bleeding and anal irritation in 130 patients who complained of hemorrhoidal disease (HD); bleeding and pain after hemorrhoidectomy (31 patients) and hemorrhoidal thrombosis (34 patients) in the short time. Sixty patients were randomized to receive the routine treatment (both conservative and surgical) (control Group C). The treated group (both conservative and surgical) was divided into two subgroups: one treated with flavonoids (Group A, n = 73), the other with Centella (Group B, n = 66). Time-to-stop bleeding was checked at baseline and checkups (0 up to day 42). Healing was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method, the Kruskal-Wallis test estimated changes in the VAS scores. The HD median time-to-stop bleeding was 2 weeks for Groups A and B; 3 weeks for Group C. VAS scores comparison among Groups (irritation): A vs C, p = 0.007; B vs C, p = 0.041; and A vs B, p = 0.782 resulted respectively. As for operated hemorrhoids, the time-to-stop bleeding was 3 and 4 weeks in Groups A and B and 5 in Group C. Histopathology showed an association between flavonoids and piles’ fibrosis (p = 0.008). Phlebotonics in HD, as well as after surgery, showed significant beneficial effects. Flavonoids are the most effective phlebotonics against bleeding and anal irritation.
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233
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Yu Q, Fan L, Li J. A novel process for asparagus polyphenols utilization by ultrasound assisted adsorption and desorption using resins. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 63:104920. [PMID: 31945570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasound assisted purification of asparagus polyphenols by adsorption and desorption on the macroporous resins was investigated. The ultrasound within the selected intensities (12-120 W) and temperatures (25-35 °C) increased the adsorption and desorption capacities of asparagus polyphenols on D101 resins. Higher ultrasound intensity (120 W) and lower temperature (25 °C) benefited the adsorption process and the adsorption capacity of total polyphenols after ultrasound was 3.95 mg/g, which was 2 times than that obtained after shaking at 120 rpm. Meanwhile, ultrasound can significantly shorten the equilibrium time and the adsorption process of asparagus polyphenols could be well described by Pseudo-second order model and Freundlich model. Stereoscopic microscope was first used to investigate the microstructure characterization of resins, indicating that ultrasound mainly enhanced the surface roughness of resins. Interestingly, rutin possessed the highest adsorption capacities and ferulic acid had the highest the desorption capacities among the studied individual polyphenols. The obtained results evidenced on a progressive insight of application of ultrasound assisted resins for purification of asparagus polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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234
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Paczkowska M, McDonagh AF, Bialek K, Tajber L, Cielecka-Piontek J. Mechanochemical activation with cyclodextrins followed by compaction as an effective approach to improving dissolution of rutin. Int J Pharm 2020; 581:119294. [PMID: 32247814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rutin is one of the most important flavonoids with poor bioavailability. This work aimed at addressing the issue of poor biopharmaceutical performance of rutin by applying a combination of complexation with secondary processing into tablets. Mechanical activation was the most suitable method of rutin complex formation with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), while the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) complex successfully formed by kneading with an ethanol/water mixture. Complexation was confirmed by thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy. Dynamic vapour sorption showed that stability of powders at high humidity conditions was satisfactory, however, the β-CD complex retained around 8% of moisture. The complexes were compacted with or without tricalcium phosphate (TRI-CAFOS) filler at a range of compression pressures (19-113 MPa). The best tabletability was determined for rutin/HP-β-CD, compressibility for the TRI-CAFOS blends with complexes and compactibility for the rutin/HP-β-CD + TRI-CAFOS mix. Dissolution studies showed quicker and more complete dissolution (pH 1.2) of rutin/HP-β-CD tablets, however the compacts comprising the filler were superior than pure complexes. The tablets manufactured in this study appear to be promising delivery systems of rutin and it is recommended to combine rutin/HP-β-CD with TRI-CAFOS and compact at 38-76 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Paczkowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alan F McDonagh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Klaudia Bialek
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lidia Tajber
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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235
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El Jaouhari A, Yan L, Zhu J, Zhao D, Zaved Hossain Khan M, Liu X. Enhanced molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor based on zeolitic imidazolate framework/reduced graphene oxide for highly recognition of rutin. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1106:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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236
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Li B, Yang X. Rutin-loaded cellulose acetate/poly(ethylene oxide) fiber membrane fabricated by electrospinning: A bioactive material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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237
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Domínguez Moré GP, Feltrin C, Brambila PF, Cardona MI, Echeverry SM, Simões CMO, Aragón DM. Matrix effects of the hydroethanolic extract and the butanol fraction of calyces from Physalis peruviana L. on the biopharmaceutics classification of rutin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 72:738-747. [PMID: 32162346 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) categorizes active pharmaceutical ingredients according to their solubility and permeability properties, which are susceptible to matrix or formulation effects. The aim of this research was to evaluate the matrix effects of a hydroethanolic extract of calyces from Physalis peruviana L. (HEE) and its butanol fraction (BF), on the biopharmaceutics classification of their major compound, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin, RU). METHODS Rutin was quantified by HPLC-UV, and Caco-2 cell monolayer transport studies were performed to obtain the apparent permeability values (Papp ). Aqueous solubility was determined at pH 6.8 and 7.4. KEY FINDINGS The Papp values followed this order: BF > HEE > RU (1.77 ± 0.02 > 1.53 ± 0.07 > 0.90 ± 0.03 × 10-5 cm/s). The lowest solubility values followed this order: HEE > RU > BF (2.988 ± 0.07 > 0.205 ± 0.002 > 0.189 ± 0.005 mg/ml). CONCLUSIONS According to these results, rutin could be classified as BCS classes III (high solubility/low permeability) and IV (low solubility/low permeability), depending on the plant matrix. Further work needs to be done in order to establish how apply the BCS for research and development of new botanical drugs or for bioequivalence purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Paola Domínguez Moré
- Programa de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Centro de Servicios Farmacéuticos y Monitoreo de Fármacos, Universidad del Atlántico, Atlántico, Colombia.,Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Clarissa Feltrin
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paula Freire Brambila
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - María Isabel Cardona
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Sandra Milena Echeverry
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Diana Marcela Aragón
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Guzmán-Hernández DS, Palomar-Pardavé M, Sánchez-Pérez F, Juárez-Gómez J, Corona-Avendaño S, Romero-Romo M, Ramírez-Silva MT. Spectro-electrochemical characterization and quantification of Rutin in aqueous media. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 228:117814. [PMID: 31780308 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
From UV-Vis spectrophotometric measurements the acidity constants of Rutin in aqueous media, at 25 °C and 0.1 M ionic strength, were determined as: pK1 = 4.392 ± 0.167, pK2 = 7.130 ± 0.050, pK3 = 8.661 ± 0.042 and pK4 = 12.354 ± 0.020 and the molar absorptivity coefficients of all the Rutin pH-dependent species were reported as a function of wavelength. Furthermore, the electrochemical behavior of Rutin at neutral pH was investigated using a bare carbon paste electrode, CPE. It was found that both: Rutin electrochemical oxidation and reduction are reversible, adsorption-controlled processes, involving 2 electron transfers. Moreover, the bare CPE was used for the electrochemical quantification of Rutin in neutral aqueous media, displaying the following features: (1.078 ± 0.440) μM, (3.594 ± 0.400) μM and (0.308 ± 0.014) μA μM-1 for the detection and quantification limits and sensitivity, respectively, within the 1-11 μM linear range. Meanwhile the spectrophotometric method displayed the following analytical features: (3.385 ± 1.318) μM, (11.283 ± 3.114) μM and (0.0120 ± 0.0001) AU μM-1 for the detection and quantification limits and sensitivity, respectively within the 11-110 μM linear range. In like manner, the bare CPE is also shown as a robust electrochemical sensor that allows Rutin quantification even in the presence of ascorbic acid, commonly found in Rutin samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Guzmán-Hernández
- CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Química, Av. San Rafael Atlixco #186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 09340, Mexico
| | - M Palomar-Pardavé
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Departamento de Materiales, Av. San Pablo #180, Col. Reynosa-Tamaulipas, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 02200, Mexico
| | - F Sánchez-Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Química, Av. San Rafael Atlixco #186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 09340, Mexico
| | - J Juárez-Gómez
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Química, Av. San Rafael Atlixco #186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 09340, Mexico
| | - S Corona-Avendaño
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Departamento de Materiales, Av. San Pablo #180, Col. Reynosa-Tamaulipas, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 02200, Mexico
| | - M Romero-Romo
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Departamento de Materiales, Av. San Pablo #180, Col. Reynosa-Tamaulipas, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 02200, Mexico
| | - M T Ramírez-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Química, Av. San Rafael Atlixco #186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, CDMX C.P. 09340, Mexico.
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239
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Ekaette I, Saldaña MD. Barley starch behavior in the presence of rutin under subcritical water conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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240
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Lück M, Bergs F, Jupke A. Solvent accessibility limitation by plant matrix compounds in extraction of rutin from
Solanum lycopersicum. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lück
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT)RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Frederik Bergs
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT)RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT)RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)
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241
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Slimestad R, Fossen T, Brede C. Flavonoids and other phenolics in herbs commonly used in Norwegian commercial kitchens. Food Chem 2020; 309:125678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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242
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Caparica R, Júlio A, Araújo MEM, Baby AR, Fonte P, Costa JG, Santos de Almeida T. Anticancer Activity of Rutin and Its Combination with Ionic Liquids on Renal Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020233. [PMID: 32033222 PMCID: PMC7072522 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. Identifying novel and more effective therapies, while minimizing toxicity, continues to be fundamental in curtailing RCC. Rutin, a bioflavonoid widely found in nature, has shown promising anticancer properties, but with limited applicability due to its poor water solubility and pharmacokinetics. Thus, the potential anticancer effects of rutin toward a human renal cancer cell line (786-O), while considering its safety in Vero kidney cells, was assessed, as well as the applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) to improve drug delivery. Rutin (up to 50 µM) did not show relevant cytotoxic effects in Vero cells. However, in 786-O cells, a significant decrease in cell viability was already observed at 50 µM. Moreover, exposure to rutin caused a significant increase in the sub-G1 population of 786-O cells, reinforcing the possible anticancer activity of this biomolecule. Two choline-amino acid ILs, at non-toxic concentrations, enhanced rutin’s solubility/loading while allowing the maintenance of rutin’s anticancer effects. Globally, our findings suggest that rutin may have a beneficial impact against RCC and that its combination with ILs ensures that this poorly soluble drug is successfully incorporated into ILs–nanoparticles hybrid systems, allowing controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Caparica
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Júlio
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Eduarda Machado Araújo
- CQE, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - André Rolim Baby
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 580 Prof. Lineu Prestes Av., Bl. 15, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Fonte
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve and Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - João Guilherme Costa
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Correspondence: (J.G.C.); (T.S.d.A.); Tel.: +351-217515500 (T.S.d.A.)
| | - Tânia Santos de Almeida
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- CQE, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.G.C.); (T.S.d.A.); Tel.: +351-217515500 (T.S.d.A.)
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243
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Sobhani M, Farzaei MH, Kiani S, Khodarahmi R. Immunomodulatory; Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant Effects of Polyphenols: A Comparative Review on the Parental Compounds and Their Metabolites. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1717523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sobhani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sarah Kiani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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244
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Lončarić A, Matanović K, Ferrer P, Kovač T, Šarkanj B, Skendrović Babojelić M, Lores M. Peel of Traditional Apple Varieties as a Great Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction by Micro-Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion. Foods 2020; 9:E80. [PMID: 31940769 PMCID: PMC7022635 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro matrix solid phase dispersion (micro-MSPD) was optimized by response surface methodology for the extraction of polyphenols from the peel of twelve traditional and eight commercial apple varieties grown in Croatia. The optimized micro-MSPD procedure includes the use of 0.2 g of sample, 0.8 g of dispersant, a 57% solution of methanol in water as the solvent and 5 mL of extract volume. The total polyphenolic index (TPI) and antioxidant activity (AA) were measured by spectrophotometric assays. Eighteen polyphenolic compounds were identified in all investigated apples by HPLC-DAD and LC-(ESI)-MS. The peel of traditional apple varieties had higher contents of all investigated polyphenols. Calculated relative contribution of polyphenol groups indicated non-flavonoids (28.6%) and flavanols (46.2%) as the major contributors to the total polyphenolic content in traditional and commercial apple varieties, respectively. The most abundant polyphenol in traditional apple peel was chlorogenic acid, procyanidin B2 and epicatechin (1143 ± 755 µg/g dw, 954 ± 343 µg/g dw and 560 ± 362 µg/g dw, respectively). The peel of varieties 'Apistar', 'Bobovac' and 'Božićnica' could be highlighted as an important source of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante Lončarić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Katarina Matanović
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Perla Ferrer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Tihomir Kovač
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Bojan Šarkanj
- Department of Food Technology, University Centre Koprivnica, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia;
| | | | - Marta Lores
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.F.); (M.L.)
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245
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Ma Y, Li M, Shi K, Chen Z, Yang B, Rao D, Li X, Ma W, Hou S, Gou G, Yao H. Multiple stimuli-switchable electrocatalysis and logic gates of rutin based on semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel films. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03681a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The switching properties of PAA–PDEA films polymerized as a semi-IPN were studied with rutin as a probe and a logic gate was constructed.
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246
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Lucas CIS, Ferreira AF, Costa MAPDC, Silva FDL, Estevinho LM, Carvalho CALD. Phytochemical study and antioxidant activity of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum. RODRIGUÉSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202071049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The chemical profile of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum has been indicated as the botanical origin of Brazilian red propolis, an apicultural product with proven therapeutic properties. However, few studies have investigated this plant species. This study evaluated and compared microbiological quality, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of stem and leaf samples of D. ecastaphyllum. The samples were collected in February 2015, in the southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. We performed the microbiological analyses, determined the contents of fatty acid, total phenol and flavonoid, and identified the chemical profile and antioxidant activit. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and sulfite reducing clostridial spores were not detected in the samples. Acids of the family ω3 were recorded in the stems and ω6 in the leaves. The leaves presented better nutritional quality of the fraction, better antioxidant capacity in the tests by the DPPH method and β-carotene bleaching. There were 49 chemical compounds, of which 38 belonged to the class of flavonoids. The results indicate that stems and leaves of D. ecastaphyllum have biological properties. Leaves particularly are better for functional food formulation and as natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adailton Freitas Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brasil; Centro Universitário de Tecnologia e Ciências - UniFTC, Brasil
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247
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Lopez-Polo J, Silva-Weiss A, Giménez B, Cantero-López P, Vega R, Osorio FA. Effect of lyophilization on the physicochemical and rheological properties of food grade liposomes that encapsulate rutin. Food Res Int 2019; 130:108967. [PMID: 32156401 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential use of liposomes as carriers for food active ingredients can be limited by their physical and chemical instabilities in aqueous dispersions, especially for long-term storage. Lyophilization, a process commonly used in the food industry, can also be applied to stabilize and preserve liposomes and to extend their shelf-life. In this work, liposomes with potential use for designing functional foods were prepared with soy phospholipids and rutin. Homogenization and ultrasound were used for particle size reduction. Liposomal stability was evaluated by Dynamic Light Scattering, microscopy and rheological properties. Spherical and unilamellar liposomes were obtained in this work. Zeta potential (ξ = values were around -40 mV), which indicates a great suspension stability even for more than 30 days of storage. Rutin exerted a protective effect by both preventing damage to the liposome bilayer and maintaining the spherical structure after 56 days of storage. Lyophilization caused an increase in the size of the vesicles, reaching sizes around 419 nm and aggregation of vesicles with probably structural damage after 21 storage days. However, it helped to keep the rutin encapsulated (81.9%) for longer time, when compared to refrigerated liposomes. Rheological measurements showed, in general, that the power law model fitted most of the experimental results and dynamic rheological tests showed a sol-gel phase transition between 35 and 45 °C. Lyophilization caused a significant change in all evaluated rheological parameters. For the in vitro release tests, the liposomal bilayer acted as a barrier for the rutin release to the food simulating medium; therefore, the release rate of the antioxidant from the rutin encapsulated liposome was slow compared to the free rutin release rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana Lopez-Polo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3769, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrea Silva-Weiss
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3769, Santiago, Chile
| | - Begoña Giménez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3769, Santiago, Chile
| | - Plinio Cantero-López
- Center of Applied Nanoscience (CANS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Vega
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3769, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando A Osorio
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3769, Santiago, Chile.
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248
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Mousavi SM, Hashemi SA, Ramakrishna S, Esmaeili H, Bahrani S, Koosha M, Babapoor A. Green synthesis of supermagnetic Fe3O4–MgO nanoparticles via Nutmeg essential oil toward superior anti-bacterial and anti-fungal performance. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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249
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Latos-Brozio M, Masek A. Structure-Activity Relationships Analysis of Monomeric and Polymeric Polyphenols (Quercetin, Rutin and Catechin) Obtained by Various Polymerization Methods. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900426. [PMID: 31657102 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant polyphenols, especially flavonoids, are active and pro-health substances found in fruits and vegetables. Quercetin and its glycoside rutin are representatives of flavonoids, commonly found in plant products. Catechins found in large quantities in tea are also a well-known group of natural polyphenols. These compounds are based on the structure of flavan-3-ol, which is why the number, positions and types of substitutions affect the scavenging of radicals and other properties. Despite some inconsistent evidence, several structure-activity relationships of monomeric flavonoids are well established in vitro. However, the relationships between the activity and other properties of the polymeric forms of flavonoids and their structures are poorly understood so far. The aim of this article is to compare the data on polymerization of quercetin, rutin and catechin, as well as to systematize knowledge about the structure-activity relationship of the polymeric forms of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Latos-Brozio
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, 90-924, Lodz, Stefanowskiego 12/16, Poland
| | - Anna Masek
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, 90-924, Lodz, Stefanowskiego 12/16, Poland
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250
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Junker-Frohn LV, Lück M, Schmittgen S, Wensing J, Carraresi L, Thiele B, Groher T, Reimer JJ, Bröring S, Noga G, Jupke A, Schurr U, Usadel B, Wiese-Klinkenberg A, Wormit A. Tomato's Green Gold: Bioeconomy Potential of Residual Tomato Leaf Biomass as a Novel Source for the Secondary Metabolite Rutin. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19071-19080. [PMID: 31763530 PMCID: PMC6868607 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
At the end of the annual horticultural production cycle of greenhouse-grown crops, large quantities of residual biomass are discarded. Here, we propose a new value chain to utilize horticultural leaf biomass for the extraction of secondary metabolites. To increase the secondary metabolite content of leaves, greenhouse-grown crop plants were exposed to low-cost abiotic stress treatments after the last fruit harvest. As proof of concept, we evaluated the production of the flavonoid rutin in tomato plants subjected to nitrogen deficiency. In an interdisciplinary approach, we observed the steady accumulation of rutin in young plants under nitrogen deficiency, tested the applicability of nitrogen deficiency in a commercial-like greenhouse, developed a high efficiency extraction for rutin, and evaluated the acceptance of the proposed value chain by its key actors economically. On the basis of the positive interdisciplinary evaluation, we identified opportunities and challenges for the successful establishment of horticultural leaf biomass as a novel source for secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V. Junker-Frohn
- Institute of Bio
and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Manuel Lück
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Simone Schmittgen
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), Horticultural
Sciences, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Joana Wensing
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics
(ILR), Chair for Technology and Innovation Management in Agribusiness, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Laura Carraresi
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics
(ILR), Chair for Technology and Innovation Management in Agribusiness, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Thiele
- Institute of Bio
and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Tanja Groher
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), Horticultural
Sciences, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Julia J. Reimer
- Institute for Biology I—Botany, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bröring
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics
(ILR), Chair for Technology and Innovation Management in Agribusiness, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg Noga
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), Horticultural
Sciences, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Chair of Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schurr
- Institute of Bio
and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute of Bio
and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Biology I—Botany, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anika Wiese-Klinkenberg
- Institute of Bio
and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wormit
- Institute for Biology I—Botany, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy
Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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