201
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Calderaro J, Petitprez F, Becht E, Laurent A, Hirsch TZ, Rousseau B, Luciani A, Amaddeo G, Derman J, Charpy C, Zucman-Rossi J, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures are associated with a low risk of early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2019; 70:58-65. [PMID: 30213589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) provide a local and critical microenvironment for generating anti-tumor cellular and humoral immune responses. TLSs are associated with improved clinical outcomes in most solid tumors investigated to date. However, their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is debated, as they have recently been shown to promote the growth of malignant hepatocyte progenitors in the non-tumoral liver. METHODS We aimed to determine, by pathological review, the prognostic significance of both intra-tumoral and non-tumoral TLSs in a series of 273 patients with HCC treated by surgical resection in Henri Mondor University Hospital. Findings were further validated by gene expression profiling using a public data set (LCI cohort). RESULTS TLSs were identified in 47% of the tumors, by pathological review, with lymphoid aggregates, primary and secondary follicles in 26%, 16% and 5% of the cases, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that intra-tumoral TLSs significantly correlated with a lower risk of early relapse (<2 years after surgery, hazard ratio 0.46, p = 0.005). Interestingly, the risk of recurrence was also related to the degree of TLS maturation (primary or secondary follicles vs. lymphoid aggregates, p = 0.01). A gene expression signature associated with the presence of intra-tumoral TLS was also independently associated with a lower risk of early relapse in the LCI cohort. No association between the density of TLSs located in the adjacent non-tumoral liver and early or late recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that intra-tumoral TLSs are associated with a lower risk of early relapse in 2 independent cohorts of patients with HCC treated by surgical resection. Thus, intra-tumoral TLSs may reflect the existence of ongoing, effective anti-tumor immunity. LAY SUMMARY Tertiary lymphoid structures provide a critical microenvironment for generating anti-tumor immune responses, and are associated with improved clinical outcome in most cancers investigated. Their role in hepatocellular carcinoma is however debated. We show in the present study that intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures are associated with a low risk of early relapse after surgical resection, suggesting that they reflect the existence of in situ, effective anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Calderaro
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Team 18, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, France; INSERM UMR_S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe cancer et immunité anti-tumorale, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, F75006 Paris, France.
| | - Florent Petitprez
- INSERM UMR_S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe cancer et immunité anti-tumorale, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, F75006 Paris, France; Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Becht
- INSERM UMR_S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe cancer et immunité anti-tumorale, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, F75006 Paris, France; Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Hépatobiliaire, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Théo Z Hirsch
- INSERM, UMR 1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Inserm U955, Team 18, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, France; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Alain Luciani
- Inserm U955, Team 18, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, France; Service d'Imagerie Médicale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Giuliana Amaddeo
- Inserm U955, Team 18, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil, France; Service d'Hépatologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Jonathan Derman
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Charpy
- Département de Pathologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- INSERM, UMR 1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM UMR_S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe cancer et immunité anti-tumorale, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, F75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UPMC Université Paris 6, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM UMR_S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe cancer et immunité anti-tumorale, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, F75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UPMC Université Paris 6, F-75006 Paris, France
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202
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L'Hermitte A, Pham S, Cadoux M, Couchy G, Caruso S, Anson M, Crain-Denoyelle AM, Celton-Morizur S, Yamagoe S, Zucman-Rossi J, Desdouets C, Couty JP. Lect2 Controls Inflammatory Monocytes to Constrain the Growth and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology 2019; 69:160-178. [PMID: 30070727 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) was originally identified as a hepatocyte-secreted chemokine-like factor and a positive target of β-catenin signaling. Here, we dissected out the mechanisms by which LECT2 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development using both HCC mouse models and human HCC samples. We have demonstrated that LECT2 exhibits dual abilities as it has profound repercussions on the tumor phenotype itself and the immune microenvironment. Its absence confers Ctnnb-1-mutated tumor hepatocytes a stronger ability to undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition and fosters the accumulation of pejorative inflammatory monocytes harboring immunosuppressive properties and strong tumor-promoting potential. Consistent with our HCC mouse model, a low level of LECT2 in human HCC is strongly associated with high tumor grade and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, emphasizing the clinical value of LECT2 in human liver tumorigenesis. Conclusion: Our findings have demonstrated that LECT2 is a key player in liver tumorigenesis because its absence reshapes the tumor microenvironment and the tumor phenotype, revealing LECT2 as a promising immunotherapeutic option for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine L'Hermitte
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Pham
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Cadoux
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gabrielle Couchy
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unité mixte de recherche, UMR 1162 - Génétique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Paris, France
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unité mixte de recherche, UMR 1162 - Génétique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Paris, France
| | - Marie Anson
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Crain-Denoyelle
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Celton-Morizur
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Satoshi Yamagoe
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unité mixte de recherche, UMR 1162 - Génétique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Paris, France
| | - Chantal Desdouets
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Couty
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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203
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Liu YT, Tseng TC, Soong RS, Peng CY, Cheng YH, Huang SF, Chuang TH, Kao JH, Huang LR. A novel spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model for studying T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2018; 6:144. [PMID: 30526672 PMCID: PMC6286542 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has ushered in a new era of cancer therapy, and this is also applicable to therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this context, effective development of therapeutic strategies requires an HCC mouse model with known tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and an HCC growth reporter. We created such a model using hydrodynamic injection and a transposon system to introduce AKT and NRAS and open reading frames (ORFs) encoding surrogate tumor antigens and luciferase into chromosomes of hepatocytes to induce nodular and diffuse tumors in the liver. TAA-specific CD8+ T cells were detected during HCC progression; however, these showed exhausted-like phenotypes and were unable to control tumor growth. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) from the tumor microenvironment were found to contribute to the suppression of the CD8+ T-cell response. The transposon-based Akt/N-Ras-induced HCC mouse model we developed enables researchers to monitor tumor growth non-invasively and to quantify and characterize endogenous or adoptively transferred TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. These features make it a suitable preclinical model for exploration and evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cell-based immunotherapies for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tzu Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chung Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shyang Soong
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Peng
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsing Cheng
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Feng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Rung Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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204
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Roy S, Hooiveld GJ, Seehawer M, Caruso S, Heinzmann F, Schneider AT, Frank AK, Cardenas DV, Sonntag R, Luedde M, Trautwein C, Stein I, Pikarsky E, Loosen S, Tacke F, Ringelhan M, Avsaroglu SK, Goga A, Buendia MA, Vucur M, Heikenwalder M, Zucman-Rossi J, Zender L, Roderburg C, Luedde T. microRNA 193a-5p Regulates Levels of Nucleolar- and Spindle-Associated Protein 1 to Suppress Hepatocarcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:1951-1966.e26. [PMID: 30165047 PMCID: PMC6279541 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We performed an integrated analysis to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with altered expression in liver tumors from 3 mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and human tumor tissues. METHODS We analyzed miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of liver tissues from mice with diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, conditional expression of lymphotoxin alpha and lymphotoxin beta, or inducible expression of a Myc transgene (Tet-O-Myc mice), as well as male C57BL/6 mice (controls). miRNA mimics were expressed and miRNAs and mRNAs were knocked down in human (Huh7, Hep3B, JHH2) hepatoma cell lines; cells were analyzed for viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Cells were grown as xenograft tumors in nude mice and analyzed. We combined in silico target gene prediction with mRNA profiles from all 3 mouse models. We quantified miRNA levels in 146 fresh-frozen tissues from patients (125 HCCs, 17 matched nontumor tissues, and 4 liver samples from patients without cancer) and published human data sets and tested correlations with patient survival times using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. Levels of NUSAP1 mRNA were quantified in 237 HCCs and 5 nontumor liver samples using the TaqMan assay. RESULTS Levels of the miRNA 193a-5p (MIR193A-5p) were reduced in liver tumors from all 3 mouse tumor models and in human HCC samples, compared with nontumor liver tissues. Expression of a MIR193A-5p mimic in hepatoma cells reduced proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion and their growth as xenograft tumors in nude mice. We found nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) to be a target of MIR193A-5p; HCC cells and tissues with low levels of MIR193A-5p had increased expression of NUSAP1. Increased levels of NUSAP1 in HCC samples correlated with shorter survival times of patients. Knockdown of NUSAP1 in Huh7 cells reduced proliferation, survival, migration, and growth as xenograft tumors in nude mice. Hydrodynamic tail-vein injections of a small hairpin RNA against NUSAP1 reduced growth of Akt1-Myc-induced tumors in mice. CONCLUSIONS MIR193A-5p appears to prevent liver tumorigenesis by reducing levels of NUSAP1. Levels of MIR193A-5p are reduced in mouse and human HCC cells and tissues, leading to increased levels of NUSAP1, associated with shorter survival times of patients. Integrated analyses of miRNAs and mRNAs in tumors from mouse models can lead to identification of therapeutic targets in humans. The currently reported miRNA and mRNA profiling data have been submitted to the Gene Expression Omnibus (super-series accession number GSE102418).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Roy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology,Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Guido J. Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Seehawer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Inserm UMR-1162, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, University Paris Descartes, University University Paris Diderot, University Paris 13, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Paris, France
| | - Florian Heinzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Anna K. Frank
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | | | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Mark Luedde
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Kiel, 25105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ilan Stein
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sven Loosen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Marc Ringelhan
- Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 München
| | - Seda Kilinc Avsaroglu
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452
| | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452
| | - Marie-Annick Buendia
- Inserm Unit U1193, University Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm UMR-1162, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, University Paris Descartes, University University Paris Diderot, University Paris 13, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Paris, France
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Tom Luedde
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, Aachen Germany; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
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205
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Obesity Drives STAT-1-Dependent NASH and STAT-3-Dependent HCC. Cell 2018; 175:1289-1306.e20. [PMID: 30454647 PMCID: PMC6242467 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major driver of cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevailing view is that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis or cirrhosis are required for HCC in obesity. Here, we report that NASH and fibrosis and HCC in obesity can be dissociated. We show that the oxidative hepatic environment in obesity inactivates the STAT-1 and STAT-3 phosphatase T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP) and increases STAT-1 and STAT-3 signaling. TCPTP deletion in hepatocytes promoted T cell recruitment and ensuing NASH and fibrosis as well as HCC in obese C57BL/6 mice that normally do not develop NASH and fibrosis or HCC. Attenuating the enhanced STAT-1 signaling prevented T cell recruitment and NASH and fibrosis but did not prevent HCC. By contrast, correcting STAT-3 signaling prevented HCC without affecting NASH and fibrosis. TCPTP-deletion in hepatocytes also markedly accelerated HCC in mice treated with a chemical carcinogen that promotes HCC without NASH and fibrosis. Our studies reveal how obesity-associated hepatic oxidative stress can independently contribute to the pathogenesis of NASH, fibrosis, and HCC. Obesity promotes hepatic STAT-1 and STAT-3 signaling Obesity promotes STAT-1-dependent T cell-infiltration, NASH, and fibrosis Obesity promotes NASH-independent STAT-3-dependent HCC
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206
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Laplane L, Duluc D, Larmonier N, Pradeu T, Bikfalvi A. The Multiple Layers of the Tumor Environment. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:802-809. [PMID: 30470302 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The notion of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been brought to the forefront of recent scientific literature on cancer. However, there is no consensus on how to define and spatially delineate the TME. We propose that the time is ripe to go beyond an all-encompassing list of the components of the TME, and to construct a multilayered view of cancer. We distinguish six layers of environmental interactions with the tumor and show that they are associated with distinct mechanisms, and ultimately with distinct therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Laplane
- IHPST, CNRS UMR 8590, Paris, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, UMR 8590, France
| | - Dorothée Duluc
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Larmonier
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Pradeu
- ImmunoConcept, CNRS UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Co-last authors.
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- IHPST, CNRS UMR 8590, Paris, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; LAMC-INSERM U1029, Bordeaux, France; Co-last authors.
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207
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Prescott JA, Cook SJ. Targeting IKKβ in Cancer: Challenges and Opportunities for the Therapeutic Utilisation of IKKβ Inhibitors. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090115. [PMID: 30142927 PMCID: PMC6162708 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated NF-κB signalling is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human inflammatory disorders and malignancies. Consequently, the NF-κB pathway has attracted attention as an attractive therapeutic target for drug discovery. As the primary, druggable mediator of canonical NF-κB signalling the IKKβ protein kinase has been the historical focus of drug development pipelines. Thousands of compounds with activity against IKKβ have been characterised, with many demonstrating promising efficacy in pre-clinical models of cancer and inflammatory disease. However, severe on-target toxicities and other safety concerns associated with systemic IKKβ inhibition have thus far prevented the clinical approval of any IKKβ inhibitors. This review will discuss the potential reasons for the lack of clinical success of IKKβ inhibitors to date, the challenges associated with their therapeutic use, realistic opportunities for their future utilisation, and the alternative strategies to inhibit NF-κB signalling that may overcome some of the limitations associated with IKKβ inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Prescott
- Signalling Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Simon J Cook
- Signalling Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK.
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208
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Sheppard S, Ferry A, Guedes J, Guerra N. The Paradoxical Role of NKG2D in Cancer Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1808. [PMID: 30150983 PMCID: PMC6099450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activating receptor NKG2D and its ligands are recognized as a potent immune axis that controls tumor growth and microbial infections. With regards to cancer surveillance, various studies have demonstrated the antitumor function mediated by NKG2D on natural killer cells and on conventional and unconventional T cells. The use of NKG2D-deficient mice established the importance of NKG2D in delaying tumor development in transgenic mouse models of cancer. However, we recently demonstrated an unexpected, flip side to this coin, the ability for NKG2D to contribute to tumor growth in a model of inflammation-driven liver cancer. With a focus on the liver, here, we review current knowledge of NKG2D-mediated tumor surveillance and discuss evidence supporting a dual role for NKG2D in cancer immunity. We postulate that in certain advanced cancers, expression of ligands for NKG2D can drive cancer progression rather than rejection. We propose that the nature of the microenvironment within and surrounding tumors impacts the outcome of NKG2D activation. In a form of autoimmune attack, NKG2D promotes tissue damage, mostly in the inflamed tissue adjacent to the tumor, facilitating tumor progression while being ineffective at rejecting transformed cells in the tumor bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Sheppard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Zuckerman Research Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amir Ferry
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Guedes
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Guerra
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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209
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Greten TF. The ABC of adaptive immunity in liver cancer. Hepatology 2018; 68:777-779. [PMID: 29427558 PMCID: PMC6309554 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim F Greten
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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210
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Nishida N, Kudo M. Immune checkpoint blockade for the treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2018; 48:622-634. [PMID: 29734514 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a high recurrence rate. Currently, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the first-line treatment for cases refractory to conventional therapies. However, the acquisition of somatic mutations can result in TKI resistance. Clinical evidence suggests that acquired immunity contributes to the suppression of tumor recurrence, indicating the potential of induced antitumor immune reaction for the treatment of HCC. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become available for the treatment of malignancies. They are effective regardless of the response to prior therapies and a durable effect can be expected, which should be attributed to an adaptive immunity to HCC components. The results of phase I/II trials of nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death-1 antibody, showed that 20% of patients showed objective response and that nivolumab was effective regardless of prior sorafenib treatment and viral status. Nivolumab received expedited Food and Drug Administration approval in 2017 for the treatment of advanced HCC after failure or intolerance to sorafenib. However, the majority of the patients remain refractory, likely due to the solid immune suppressive status, which involves many stromal cells, humoral mediators, and suppressive checkpoint molecules. Therefore, current clinical trials are focusing on how immunosuppressive conditions in HCC might be overcome using immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with different types of immune checkpoint blockades, TKIs, and other conventional treatments. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors is rapidly progressing and these inhibitors are likely to be key agents for HCC treatment in the near feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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211
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Hill DG, Yu L, Gao H, Balic JJ, West A, Oshima H, McLeod L, Oshima M, Gallimore A, D'Costa K, Bhathal PS, Sievert W, Ferrero RL, Jenkins BJ, Jones GW. Hyperactive gp130/STAT3-driven gastric tumourigenesis promotes submucosal tertiary lymphoid structure development. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:167-178. [PMID: 29417587 PMCID: PMC5969244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) display phenotypic and functional characteristics of secondary lymphoid organs, and often develop in tissues affected by chronic inflammation, as well as in certain inflammation-associated cancers where they are prognostic of improved patient survival. However, the mechanisms that govern the development of tumour-associated TLSs remain ill-defined. Here, we observed tumour-associated TLSs in a preclinical mouse model (gp130F/F ) of gastric cancer, where tumourigenesis is dependent on hyperactive STAT3 signalling through the common IL-6 family signalling receptor, gp130. Gastric tumourigenesis was associated with the development of B and T cell-rich submucosal lymphoid aggregates, containing CD21+ cellular networks and high endothelial venules. Temporally, TLS formation coincided with the development of gastric adenomas and induction of homeostatic chemokines including Cxcl13, Ccl19 and Ccl21. Reflecting the requirement of gp130-driven STAT3 signalling for gastric tumourigenesis, submucosal TLS development was also STAT3-dependent, but independent of the cytokine IL-17 which has been linked with lymphoid neogenesis in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Interestingly, upregulated lymphoid chemokine expression and TLS formation were also observed in a chronic gastritis model induced by Helicobacter felis infection. Tumour-associated TLSs were also observed in patients with intestinal-type gastric cancer, and a gene signature linked with TLS development in gp130F/F mice was associated with advanced clinical disease, but was not prognostic of patient survival. Collectively, our in vivo data reveal that hyperactive gp130-STAT3 signalling closely links gastric tumourigenesis with lymphoid neogenesis, and while a TLS gene signature was associated with advanced gastric cancer in patients, it did not indicate a favourable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Hill
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySystems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesUnited Kingdom
| | - Liang Yu
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Hugh Gao
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Jesse J. Balic
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Alison West
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- Division of GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Louise McLeod
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of GeneticsCancer Research Institute, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySystems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesUnited Kingdom
| | - Kimberley D'Costa
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Prithi S. Bhathal
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - William Sievert
- Department of MedicineMonash Medical Centre, Monash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Richard L. Ferrero
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of MicrobiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Brendan J. Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious DiseasesHudson Institute of Medical ResearchClaytonVICAustralia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Gareth W. Jones
- Division of Infection and ImmunitySystems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesUnited Kingdom
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212
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Choi BK, Hwang SH, Kim YI, Singh R, Kwon BS. The hyaluronic acid-rich node and duct system is a structure organized for innate immunity and mediates the local inflammation. Cytokine 2018; 113:74-82. [PMID: 29907431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Hyaluronic Acid-rich Node and Duct System (HAR-NDS or NDS), Primo Vascular System (PVS) or Bonghan System (BHS), is thought to be a third circulatory system independent of the blood and lymphatic systems and a structure of connected nodes and ducts. Although it seems to be part of the immune system as it is enriched with cells of innate immunity, little is known about its immunological roles. We performed cellular profiling and secretome analysis of NDS in a steady state and under TLR2- or TLR4-mediated local inflammation, and found that the NDS is pre-dominantly enriched with the myeloid cells, selectively attracts the inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils, has a flexible structure just like the lymph node, and is structured with the fibroblastic reticular cells and reticular network. NDS dominantly harbored the myeloid cells in both steady and activated status, and secreted various types of inflammatory cytokines by proinflammatory stimuli. These results suggest that NDS is the lymphoid structure for the innate immunity and plays an intermediary role in the innate immune cell-mediated local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom K Choi
- Biomedicine Production Branch, National Cancer Center Institute, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun H Hwang
- Eutilex, Co., Ltd., Suite# 1401, Daeryung Technotown 17 Gasan digital 1-ro 25, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08594, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu I Kim
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center Institute, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohit Singh
- Immunotherapeutics Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center Institute, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung S Kwon
- Eutilex, Co., Ltd., Suite# 1401, Daeryung Technotown 17 Gasan digital 1-ro 25, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08594, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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213
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Synergistic and low adverse effect cancer immunotherapy by immunogenic chemotherapy and locally expressed PD-L1 trap. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2237. [PMID: 29884866 PMCID: PMC5993831 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although great success has been obtained in the clinic, the current immune checkpoint inhibitors still face two challenging problems: low response rate and immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Here we report the combination of immunogenic chemotherapy and locally expressed PD-L1 trap fusion protein for efficacious and safe cancer immunotherapy. We demonstrate that oxaliplatin (OxP) boosts anti-PD-L1 mAb therapy against murine colorectal cancer. By design of a PD-L1 trap and loading its coding plasmid DNA into a lipid-protamine-DNA nanoparticle, PD-L1 trap is produced transiently and locally in the tumor microenvironment, and synergizes with OxP for tumor inhibition. Significantly, unlike the combination of OxP and anti-PD-L1 mAb, the combination of OxP and PD-L1 trap does not induce obvious Th17 cells accumulation in the spleen, indicating better tolerance and lower tendency to irAEs. The reports here may highlight the potential of applying PD-L1 inhibitor, especially locally expressed PD-L1 trap, in cancer therapy following OxP-based chemotherapy. Microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) has shown poor response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Here, the authors show that the combination of oxaliplatin with anti-PDL1 mAb is specifically efficient in the treatment of MSS CRC.
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214
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Binnewies M, Roberts EW, Kersten K, Chan V, Fearon DF, Merad M, Coussens LM, Gabrilovich DI, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Hedrick CC, Vonderheide RH, Pittet MJ, Jain RK, Zou W, Howcroft TK, Woodhouse EC, Weinberg RA, Krummel MF. Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy. Nat Med 2018; 24:541-550. [PMID: 29686425 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3119] [Impact Index Per Article: 519.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The clinical successes in immunotherapy have been both astounding and at the same time unsatisfactory. Countless patients with varied tumor types have seen pronounced clinical response with immunotherapeutic intervention; however, many more patients have experienced minimal or no clinical benefit when provided the same treatment. As technology has advanced, so has the understanding of the complexity and diversity of the immune context of the tumor microenvironment and its influence on response to therapy. It has been possible to identify different subclasses of immune environment that have an influence on tumor initiation and response and therapy; by parsing the unique classes and subclasses of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) that exist within a patient's tumor, the ability to predict and guide immunotherapeutic responsiveness will improve, and new therapeutic targets will be revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Binnewies
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward W Roberts
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Kersten
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Chan
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Vonderheide
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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215
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Immune-based identification of cancer patients at high risk of progression. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:97-102. [PMID: 29554496 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumors are highly heterogeneous structures where malignant cells interact with a large variety of cell populations, including a clinically-relevant immune component. We review and compare the most recent methods designed to analyze and quantify the composition of immune and stromal microenvironment of tumors and discuss their use in identification of patients for high risk of progression. If the impact of the various immune components on patient's relapse share common rules in most malignancies, clear cell renal cell tumors behave differently with regards to immunity. We focus on this specific pathology to show how the tumor interacts with the host's immune system and how this intricate relationship shapes the clinical outcome.
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216
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Verzella D, Bennett J, Fischietti M, Thotakura AK, Recordati C, Pasqualini F, Capece D, Vecchiotti D, D'Andrea D, Di Francesco B, De Maglie M, Begalli F, Tornatore L, Papa S, Lawrence T, Forbes SJ, Sica A, Alesse E, Zazzeroni F, Franzoso G. GADD45β Loss Ablates Innate Immunosuppression in Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1275-1292. [PMID: 29279355 PMCID: PMC5935595 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T-cell exclusion from the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major barrier to overcoming immune escape. Here, we identify a myeloid-intrinsic mechanism governed by the NF-κB effector molecule GADD45β that restricts tumor-associated inflammation and T-cell trafficking into tumors. In various models of solid cancers refractory to immunotherapies, including hepatocellular carcinoma and ovarian adenocarcinoma, Gadd45b inhibition in myeloid cells restored activation of proinflammatory tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and intratumoral immune infiltration, thereby diminishing oncogenesis. Our results provide a basis to interpret clinical evidence that elevated expression of GADD45B confers poor clinical outcomes in most human cancers. Furthermore, they suggest a therapeutic target in GADD45β for reprogramming TAM to overcome immunosuppression and T-cell exclusion from the TME.Significance: These findings define a myeloid-based immune checkpoint that restricts T-cell trafficking into tumors, with potentially important therapeutic implications to generally improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Res; 78(5); 1275-92. ©2017 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation/physiology
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Immunosuppression Therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid Cells/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Myeloid Cells/pathology
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Verzella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jason Bennett
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariafausta Fischietti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anil K Thotakura
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Mouse & Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Vecchiotti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Di Francesco
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Federica Begalli
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Tornatore
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Papa
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Current address: Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology (LICAP), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Lawrence
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale 'Amedeo Avogadro', Novara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Alesse
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Centre for Cell Signalling and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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217
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Role of nonresolving inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018; 2:6. [PMID: 29872724 PMCID: PMC5871907 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-018-0048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a leading cause of cancer-related death, making the elucidation of its underlying mechanisms an urgent priority. Inflammation is an adaptive response to infection and tissue injury under strict regulations. When the host regulatory machine runs out of control, nonresolving inflammation occurs. Nonresolving inflammation is a recognized hallmark of cancer that substantially contributes to the development and progression of HCC. The HCC-associated inflammation can be initiated and propagated by extrinsic pathways through activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) by pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs) derived from gut microflora or damage-associated molecule patterns (DAMPs) released from dying liver cells. The inflammation can also be orchestrated by the tumor itself through secreting factors that recruit inflammatory cells to the tumor favoring the buildup of a microenvironment. Accumulating datas from human and mouse models showed that inflammation promotes HCC development by promoting proliferative and survival signaling, inducing angiogenesis, evading immune surveillance, supporting cancer stem cells, activating invasion and metastasis as well as inducing genomic instability. Targeting inflammation may represent a promising avenue for the HCC treatment. Some inhibitors targeting inflammatory pathways have been developed and under different stages of clinical trials, and one (sorafenib) have been approved by FDA. However, as most of the data were obtained from animal models, and there is a big difference between human HCC and mouse HCC models, it is challenging on successful translation from bench to bedside.
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218
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Abstract
Cancer patients with lymph node (LN) metastases have a worse prognosis than those without nodal disease. However, why LN metastases correlate with reduced patient survival is poorly understood. Recent findings provide insight into mechanisms underlying tumor growth in LNs. Tumor cells and their secreted molecules engage stromal, myeloid, and lymphoid cells within primary tumors and in the lymphatic system, decreasing antitumor immunity and promoting tumor growth. Understanding the mechanisms of cancer survival and growth in LNs is key to designing effective therapy for the eradication of LN metastases. In addition, uncovering the implications of LN metastasis for systemic tumor burden will inform treatment decisions. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the seeding, growth, and further dissemination of LN metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Jones
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ethel R Pereira
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timothy P Padera
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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219
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Ringelhan M, Pfister D, O'Connor T, Pikarsky E, Heikenwalder M. The immunology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:222-232. [PMID: 29379119 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 770] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to most other malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers, arises almost exclusively in the setting of chronic inflammation. Irrespective of etiology, a typical sequence of chronic necroinflammation, compensatory liver regeneration, induction of liver fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis often precedes hepatocarcinogenesis. The liver is a central immunomodulator that ensures organ and systemic protection while maintaining immunotolerance. Deregulation of this tightly controlled liver immunological network is a hallmark of chronic liver disease and HCC. Notably, immunotherapies have raised hope for the successful treatment of advanced HCC. Here we summarize the roles of specific immune cell subsets in chronic liver disease, with a focus on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and HCC. We review new advances in immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of HCC and discuss the challenges posed by the immunotolerant hepatic environment and the dual roles of adaptive and innate immune cells in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ringelhan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Pfister
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tracy O'Connor
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada and Department of Pathology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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220
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221
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Engelhard VH, Rodriguez AB, Mauldin IS, Woods AN, Peske JD, Slingluff CL. Immune Cell Infiltration and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as Determinants of Antitumor Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:432-442. [PMID: 29311385 PMCID: PMC5777336 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Limited representation of intratumoral immune cells is a major barrier to tumor control. However, simply enhancing immune responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes or through adoptive transfer may not overcome the limited ability of tumor vasculature to support effector infiltration. An alternative is to promote a sustained immune response intratumorally. This idea has gained traction with the observation that many tumors are associated with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), which organizationally resemble lymph nodes. These peri- and intratumoral structures are usually, but not always, associated with positive prognoses in patients. Preclinical and clinical data support a role for TLS in modulating immunity in the tumor microenvironment. However, there appear to be varied functions of TLS, potentially based on their structure or location in relation to the tumor or the origin or location of the tumor itself. Understanding more about TLS development, composition, and function may offer new therapeutic opportunities to modulate antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Engelhard
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Anthony B Rodriguez
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Ileana S Mauldin
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Amber N Woods
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - J David Peske
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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222
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Jones E, Gallimore A, Ager A. Defining High Endothelial Venules and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1845:99-118. [PMID: 30141010 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8709-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEVs) are structurally distinct blood vessels that develop during embryonic and neonatal life in all secondary lymphoid organs except the spleen. HEVs are critical for initiating and maintaining immune responses because they extract naïve and memory lymphocytes from the bloodstream, regardless of antigen receptor specificity, and deliver them to antigen-presenting cells inside lymph nodes under homeostatic conditions. HEVs also develop postnatally in nonlymphoid organs during chronic inflammation driven by autoimmunity, infection, allografts, and cancer. Extranodal HEVs are usually surrounded by dense lymphocytic infiltrates organized into lymph-node like, T- and B-cell-rich areas called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). HEV neogenesis is thought to facilitate the generation of tissue-destroying lymphocytes inside chronically inflamed tissues and cancers.We are studying the mechanisms underpinning HEV neogenesis in solid cancers and the role of homeostatic T-cell trafficking in controlling cancer immunity. In this chapter we describe methods for identifying HEV in tissue sections of cancerous tissues in humans and mice using immunohistochemical staining for the HEV-specific marker peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd). L-selectin binding to PNAd is a necessary first step in homeostatic lymphocyte trafficking which is the defining function of HEV. We also describe methods to measure L-selectin-dependent homing of lymphocytes from the bloodstream into lymphoid tissues and tumors in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
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Teillaud JL, Regard L, Martin C, Sibéril S, Burgel PR. Exploring the Role of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Using a Mouse Model of Bacteria-Infected Lungs. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1845:223-239. [PMID: 30141016 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8709-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Animal models can be helpful tools for deciphering the generation, maintenance, and role of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) during infections or tumor development. We describe here the establishment of a persistent lung infection in immune-competent mice by intratracheal instillation of agarose beads containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. After instillation, animals develop a chronic pulmonary infection, marked by the presence of TLS. This experimental setting allows the study of the function of TLS induced by bacteria encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus are the two main bacterial strains that infect bronchi of adult CF patients. Additionally, we describe also how to manipulate the immune response in these infected animals by targeting immune cells involved in TLS function. Overall, this approach makes it possible to explore the role of chronic inflammation in the induction and maintenance of TLS in infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Teillaud
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory "Cancer, immune Control and Escape", Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1138, Paris Cedex 06, France. .,Cordeliers Research Center, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Paris, France. .,Cordeliers Research Center, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Paris, France.
| | - Lucile Regard
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, UPRES EA 2511, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie et Service de Physiologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Martin
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, UPRES EA 2511, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie et Service de Physiologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Sibéril
- Cordeliers Research Center, Laboratory "Cancer, immune Control and Escape", Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 1138, Paris Cedex 06, France.,Cordeliers Research Center, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1138, Paris, France.,Cordeliers Research Center, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, UPRES EA 2511, Paris, France.,Service de Pneumologie et Service de Physiologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
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224
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Colbeck EJ, Ager A, Gallimore A, Jones GW. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer: Drivers of Antitumor Immunity, Immunosuppression, or Bystander Sentinels in Disease? Front Immunol 2017; 8:1830. [PMID: 29312327 PMCID: PMC5742143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary lymphoid organs are integral to initiation and execution of adaptive immune responses. These organs provide a setting for interactions between antigen-specific lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells recruited from local infected or inflamed tissues. Secondary lymphoid organs develop as a part of a genetically preprogrammed process during embryogenesis. However, organogenesis of secondary lymphoid tissues can also be recapitulated in adulthood during de novo lymphoid neogenesis of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). These ectopic lymphoid-like structures form in the inflamed tissues afflicted by various pathological conditions, including cancer, autoimmunity, infection, or allograft rejection. Studies are beginning to shed light on the function of such structures in different disease settings, raising important questions regarding their contribution to progression or resolution of disease. Data show an association between the tumor-associated TLSs and a favorable prognosis in various types of human cancer, attracting the speculation that TLSs support effective local antitumor immune responses. However, definitive evidence for the role for TLSs in fostering immune responses in vivo are lacking, with current data remaining largely correlative by nature. In fact, some more recent studies have even demonstrated an immunosuppressive, tumor-promoting role for cancer-associated TLSs. In this review, we will discuss what is known about the development of cancer-associated TLSs and the current understanding of their potential role in the antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Wyn Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Dusséaux M, Masse-Ranson G, Darche S, Ahodantin J, Li Y, Fiquet O, Beaumont E, Moreau P, Rivière L, Neuveut C, Soussan P, Roingeard P, Kremsdorf D, Di Santo JP, Strick-Marchand H. Viral Load Affects the Immune Response to HBV in Mice With Humanized Immune System and Liver. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:1647-1661.e9. [PMID: 28851562 PMCID: PMC5733397 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects hepatocytes, but the mechanisms of the immune response against the virus and how it affects disease progression are unclear. METHODS We performed studies with BALB/c Rag2-/-Il2rg-/-SirpaNODAlb-uPAtg/tg mice, stably engrafted with human hepatocytes (HUHEP) with or without a human immune system (HIS). HUHEP and HIS-HUHEP mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of HBV. Mononuclear cells were isolated from spleen and liver for analysis by flow cytometry. Liver was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and mRNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasma levels of HBV DNA were quantified by PCR reaction, and antigen-specific antibodies were detected by immunocytochemistry of HBV-transfected BHK-21 cells. RESULTS Following HBV infection, a complete viral life cycle, with production of HBV DNA, hepatitis B e (HBe), core (HBc) and surface (HBs) antigens, and covalently closed circular DNA, was observed in HUHEP and HIS-HUHEP mice. HBV replicated unrestricted in HUHEP mice resulting in high viral titers without pathologic effects. In contrast, HBV-infected HIS-HUHEP mice developed chronic hepatitis with 10-fold lower titers and antigen-specific IgGs, (anti-HBs, anti-HBc), consistent with partial immune control. HBV-infected HIS-HUHEP livers contained infiltrating Kupffer cells, mature activated natural killer cells (CD69+), and PD-1+ effector memory T cells (CD45RO+). Reducing the viral inoculum resulted in more efficient immune control. Plasma from HBV-infected HIS-HUHEP mice had increased levels of inflammatory and immune-suppressive cytokines (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 and interleukin 10), which correlated with populations of intrahepatic CD4+ T cells (CD45RO+PD-1+). Mice with high levels of viremia had HBV-infected liver progenitor cells. Giving the mice the nucleoside analogue entecavir reduced viral loads and decreased liver inflammation. CONCLUSION In HIS-HUHEP mice, HBV infection completes a full life cycle and recapitulates some of the immunopathology observed in patients with chronic infection. Inoculation with different viral loads led to different immune responses and levels of virus control. We found HBV to infect liver progenitor cells, which could be involved in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. This is an important new system to study anti-HBV immune responses and screen for combination therapies against hepatotropic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Dusséaux
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvie Darche
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - James Ahodantin
- INSERM U1135, Faculté de Médecine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Yan Li
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Oriane Fiquet
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Beaumont
- INSERM U966, Université François Rabelais and CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Pierrick Moreau
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Lise Rivière
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Christine Neuveut
- Unité des Hépacivirus et Immunité Innée, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Soussan
- INSERM U1135, Faculté de Médecine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- INSERM U966, Université François Rabelais and CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Dina Kremsdorf
- INSERM U1135, Faculté de Médecine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - James P. Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Helene Strick-Marchand
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, Paris, France.
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226
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Systematic Screening of Chemokines to Identify Candidates to Model and Create Ectopic Lymph Node Structures for Cancer Immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15996. [PMID: 29167448 PMCID: PMC5700067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of ectopic lymph node structures (ELNs) holds great promise to augment immunotherapy against multiple cancers including metastatic melanoma, in which ELN formation has been associated with a unique immune-related gene expression signature composed of distinct chemokines. To investigate the therapeutic potential of ELNs induction, preclinical models of ELNs are needed for interrogation of these chemokines. Computational models provide a non-invasive, cost-effective method to investigate leukocyte trafficking in the tumor microenvironment, but parameterizing such models is difficult due to differing assay conditions and contexts among the literature. To better achieve this, we systematically performed microchemotaxis assays on purified immune subsets including human pan-T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, and NK cells, with 49 recombinant chemokines using a singular technique, and standardized conditions resulting in a dataset representing 238 assays. We then outline a groundwork computational model that can simulate cellular migration in the tumor microenvironment in response to a chemoattractant gradient created from stromal, lymphoid, or antigen presenting cell interactions. The resulting model can then be parameterized with standardized data, such as the dataset presented here, and demonstrates how a computational approach can help elucidate developing ELNs and their impact on tumor progression.
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227
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Migrating into the Tumor: a Roadmap for T Cells. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:797-808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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228
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Colbeck EJ, Jones E, Hindley JP, Smart K, Schulz R, Browne M, Cutting S, Williams A, Parry L, Godkin A, Ware CF, Ager A, Gallimore A. Treg Depletion Licenses T Cell-Driven HEV Neogenesis and Promotes Tumor Destruction. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:1005-1015. [PMID: 28947544 PMCID: PMC5668144 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
T-cell infiltration into tumors represents a critical bottleneck for immune-mediated control of cancer. We previously showed that this bottleneck can be overcome by depleting immunosuppressive Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), a process that can increase frequencies of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes through promoting the development of specialized portals for lymphocyte entry, namely high endothelial venules (HEVs). In this paper, we used a carcinogen-induced tumor model that allows for coevolution of the tumor microenvironment and the immune response to demonstrate that Treg depletion not only results in widespread disruption to HEV networks in lymph nodes (LNs) but also activates CD8+ T cells, which then drive intratumoral HEV development. Formation of these vessels contrasts with ontogenic HEV development in LNs in that the process is dependent on the TNF receptor and independent of lymphotoxin β receptor-mediated signaling. These intratumoral HEVs do not express the chemokine CCL21, revealing a previously undescribed intratumoral blood vessel phenotype. We propose a model where Treg depletion enables a self-amplifying loop of T-cell activation, which promotes HEV development, T-cell infiltration, and ultimately, tumor destruction. The findings point to a need to test for HEV development as part of ongoing clinical studies in patients with cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(11); 1005-15. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Colbeck
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Emma Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - James P Hindley
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kathryn Smart
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ralph Schulz
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Molly Browne
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Scott Cutting
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anwen Williams
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lee Parry
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrew Godkin
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Carl F Ware
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, San Diego, California
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, SIURI, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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229
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Koti M, Xu AS, Ren KYM, Visram K, Ren R, Berman DM, Siemens DR. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Associate with Tumour Stage in Urothelial Bladder Cancer. Bladder Cancer 2017; 3:259-267. [PMID: 29152550 PMCID: PMC5676768 DOI: 10.3233/blc-170120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly prevalent disease in North America, however its optimal management remains elusive. The contribution of B cell associated responses is poorly understood in bladder cancer. Lymphoid neogenesis is a hallmark of an active immune response at tumor sites that sometimes leads to formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that resemble germinal centers formed in secondary lymphoid organs. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted with an aim to investigate the presence and characteristics of TLS in UBC with a focus to compare and contrast the TLS formation in treatment naive low grade non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancers (MIBC). METHODS The study cohort consisted of transurethral bladder resection tumour (TURBT) specimens from 28 patients. Sections showing lymphoid aggregates in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained TURBT specimens were further subjected to multi-color immunohistochemistry using immune cell markers specific to CD20+ B cells, CD3+ and CD8+ T cells, PNAd+ high endothelial venules, CD208+ mature dendritic cells, CD21+ follicular dendritic cells to confirm the hallmarks of classical germinal centers. RESULTS Our pilot study investigating the presence of TLS in bladder cancer patients is the first to demonstrate that well-formed TLS are more common in aggressive high grade MIBC tumors compared to low grade NIMBC. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings suggest B cell mediated anti-tumour humoral immune responses in bladder cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Queen’s Cancer Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Shuo Xu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Yi Mi Ren
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kash Visram
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Runhan Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - David M. Berman
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Queen’s Cancer Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - D. Robert Siemens
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Urology Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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230
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Sato Y, Yanagita M. Resident fibroblasts in the kidney: a major driver of fibrosis and inflammation. Inflamm Regen 2017; 37:17. [PMID: 29259716 PMCID: PMC5725902 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-017-0048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a growing social and economic burden. The prevalence and burden of CKD is anticipated to further increase over the next decades as a result of aging. Main body of abstract In the pathogenesis of CKD, irrespective of the etiology, resident fibroblasts are key players and have been demonstrated to play crucial roles for disease initiation and progression. In response to injury, resident fibroblasts transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts that express alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and have an increased capacity to produce large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to renal fibrosis. In addition to this fundamental role of fibroblasts as drivers for renal fibrosis, growing amounts of evidence have shown that resident fibroblasts are also actively involved in initiating and promoting inflammation during kidney injury. During the myofibroblastic transition described above, resident fibroblasts activate NF-κB signaling and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promoting inflammation. Furthermore, under aging milieu, resident fibroblasts transdifferentiate into several distinct phenotypic fibroblasts, including CXCL13/CCL19-producing fibroblasts, retinoic acid-producing fibroblasts, and follicular dendritic cells, in response to injury and orchestrate tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT) formation, which results in uncontrolled aberrant inflammation and retards tissue repair. Anti-inflammatory agents can improve myofibroblastic transdifferentiation and abolish TLT formation, suggesting that targeting these inflammatory fibroblasts can potentially ameliorate kidney disease. Short conclusion Beyond its conventional role as an executor of fibrosis, resident fibroblasts display more pro-inflammatory phenotypes and contribute actively to driving inflammation during kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Medical Innovation Center, TMK project, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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231
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Abstract
Immunotherapy is currently the most rapidly advancing area of clinical oncology, and provides the unprecedented opportunity to effectively treat, and even cure, several previously untreatable malignancies. A growing awareness exists of the fact that the success of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, in which the patient's disease can be stabilized well beyond discontinuation of treatment (and occasionally is cured), also relies on the induction of a durable anticancer immune response. Indeed, the local immune infiltrate undergoes dynamic changes that accompany a shift from a pre-existing immune response to a therapy-induced immune response. As a result, the immune contexture, which is determined by the density, composition, functional state and organization of the leukocyte infiltrate of the tumour, can yield information that is relevant to prognosis, prediction of a treatment response and various other pharmacodynamic parameters. Several complementary technologies can be used to explore the immune contexture of tumours, and to derive biomarkers that could enable the adaptation of individual treatment approaches for each patient, as well as monitoring a response to anticancer therapies.
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232
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Teillaud JL, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: An Anti-tumor School for Adaptive Immune Cells and an Antibody Factory to Fight Cancer? Front Immunol 2017; 8:830. [PMID: 28785261 PMCID: PMC5519532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) present in human solid tumors are essential for the shaping of a favorable immune micro-environment to control tumor development in most cases. They represent a formidable school for T-cell priming, B cell activation, and differentiation into plasma cells and an exquisitely located factory for antibody production. The manipulation of TLS neogenesis and maintenance represents, therefore, an exciting task to set up efficient anti-cancer vaccine strategies leading to long-lasting anti-tumor adaptive responses. To achieve this goal, a number of important issues are still pending. How TLS-T and -B cells and antibodies locally produced are related to the improved survival of cancer patients with high density of TLS is still unclear. In addition, the mechanisms by which tumors escape the immune surveillance exerted by TLS are still poorly understood and the role of immune suppressive cytokines, regulatory T cells, and/or antibodies in this process remains to be explored. The identification of the key parameters that distinguish TLS with anti- or possible pro-tumor activity is also essential to make the therapeutic targeting of TLS a success. Finally, how TLS-based therapeutic approaches can be associated with targeted therapies or immunointerventions, such as the use of ICP blockers to improve anti-tumor responses, is an open question. We will discuss these different issues in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Teillaud
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France.,Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC), Paris 06, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France.,Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC), Paris 06, Sorbonne University, UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
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233
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Goodwin TJ, Shen L, Hu M, Li J, Feng R, Dorosheva O, Liu R, Huang L. Liver specific gene immunotherapies resolve immune suppressive ectopic lymphoid structures of liver metastases and prolong survival. Biomaterials 2017; 141:260-271. [PMID: 28700955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to generate potent immunotherapies locally and transiently for the treatment of cancers is a promising strategy to improve efficacy and decrease off-target toxicities. Here, we explored an alternative approach for the delivery of immunotherapeutic agents, in which we deliver the pDNA of an engineered PD-L1 trap and/or CXCL12 trap to the nucleus of liver hepatocytes via a lipid calcium phosphate nanoparticle. This strategy greatly increased the concentrations of immunotherapeutic agents in the local tissue, allowing the therapy to inhibit the accumulation of immune suppressive cells and liver metastasis. Furthermore, we find that the lipid calcium phosphate nanoparticles containing the pCXCL12 trap resolved the formation of immune suppressive ectopic lymphoid structures, while the pPD-L1 trap promoted T-cell survival and migration into the liver following vaccination against tumor antigens (>180% increase in survival). This approach showed superior efficacy in the treatment of the liver metastasis compared to free protein immunotherapies. This strategy should be considered as an approach to support liver metastasis therapies as well as for future research interested in manipulating the chemokine/cytokine immune factors within the liver. SIGNIFICANCE Our approach results in transient liver specific expression of gene immunotherapies with improved efficacy and reduced off-target toxicities over traditional systemically administered immunotherapies. This approach would allow clinicians to manipulate the liver and immune microenvironment to resist cancer invasion, improve organ health, and prolong patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Goodwin
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Limei Shen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mengying Hu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Richard Feng
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Oleksandra Dorosheva
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Akiel M, Guo C, Li X, Rajasekaran D, Mendoza RG, Robertson CL, Jariwala N, Yuan F, Subler MA, Windle J, Garcia DK, Lai Z, Chen HIH, Chen Y, Giashuddin S, Fisher PB, Wang XY, Sarkar D. IGFBP7 Deletion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2017; 77:4014-4025. [PMID: 28619711 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activation of IGF signaling is a major oncogenic event in diverse cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this setting, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein IGFBP7 inhibits IGF signaling by binding the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), functioning as a candidate tumor suppressor. IGFBP7 abrogates tumors by inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing cancer-specific senescence and apoptosis. Here, we report that Igfbp7-deficient mice exhibit constitutively active IGF signaling, presenting with proinflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironments and spontaneous liver and lung tumors occurring with increased incidence in carcinogen-treated subjects. Igfbp7 deletion increased proliferation and decreased senescence of hepatocytes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, effects that were blocked by treatment with IGF1 receptor inhibitor. Significant inhibition of genes regulating immune surveillance was observed in Igfbp7-/- murine livers, which was associated with a marked inhibition in antigen cross-presentation by Igfbp7-/- dendritic cells. Conversely, IGFBP7 overexpression inhibited growth of HCC cells in syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes abolished this growth inhibition, identifying it as an immune-mediated response. Our findings define an immune component of the pleiotropic mechanisms through which IGFBP7 suppresses HCC. Furthermore, they offer a genetically based preclinical proof of concept for IGFBP7 as a therapeutic target for immune management of HCC. Cancer Res; 77(15); 4014-25. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaged Akiel
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devaraja Rajasekaran
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rachel G Mendoza
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jolene Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Dawn K Garcia
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hung-I Harry Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Shah Giashuddin
- Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian Health System at Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. .,VCUMassey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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235
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Jensen‐Jarolim E, Bax HJ, Bianchini R, Capron M, Corrigan C, Castells M, Dombrowicz D, Daniels‐Wells TR, Fazekas J, Fiebiger E, Gatault S, Gould HJ, Janda J, Josephs DH, Karagiannis P, Levi‐Schaffer F, Meshcheryakova A, Mechtcheriakova D, Mekori Y, Mungenast F, Nigro EA, Penichet ML, Redegeld F, Saul L, Singer J, Spicer JF, Siccardi AG, Spillner E, Turner MC, Untersmayr E, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN. AllergoOncology - the impact of allergy in oncology: EAACI position paper. Allergy 2017; 72:866-887. [PMID: 28032353 PMCID: PMC5498751 DOI: 10.1111/all.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Th2 immunity and allergic immune surveillance play critical roles in host responses to pathogens, parasites and allergens. Numerous studies have reported significant links between Th2 responses and cancer, including insights into the functions of IgE antibodies and associated effector cells in both antitumour immune surveillance and therapy. The interdisciplinary field of AllergoOncology was given Task Force status by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in 2014. Affiliated expert groups focus on the interface between allergic responses and cancer, applied to immune surveillance, immunomodulation and the functions of IgE-mediated immune responses against cancer, to derive novel insights into more effective treatments. Coincident with rapid expansion in clinical application of cancer immunotherapies, here we review the current state-of-the-art and future translational opportunities, as well as challenges in this relatively new field. Recent developments include improved understanding of Th2 antibodies, intratumoral innate allergy effector cells and mediators, IgE-mediated tumour antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells, as well as immunotherapeutic strategies such as vaccines and recombinant antibodies, and finally, the management of allergy in daily clinical oncology. Shedding light on the crosstalk between allergic response and cancer is paving the way for new avenues of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Jensen‐Jarolim
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - H. J. Bax
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - R. Bianchini
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - M. Capron
- LIRIC‐Unité Mixte de Recherche 995 INSERMUniversité de Lille 2CHRU de LilleLilleFrance
| | - C. Corrigan
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung BiologyMedical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms in AsthmaKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - M. Castells
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and AllergyDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - D. Dombrowicz
- INSERMCHU LilleEuropean Genomic Institute of DiabetesInstitut Pasteur de LilleU1011 – récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabèteUniversité de LilleLilleFrance
| | - T. R. Daniels‐Wells
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
| | - J. Fazekas
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - E. Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition ResearchDepartment of Medicine ResearchChildren's University Hospital BostonBostonMAUSA
| | - S. Gatault
- LIRIC‐Unité Mixte de Recherche 995 INSERMUniversité de Lille 2CHRU de LilleLilleFrance
| | - H. J. Gould
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung BiologyMedical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms in AsthmaKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - J. Janda
- Center PigmodInstitute of Animal Physiology and GeneticsAcademy of Sciences of Czech RepublicLibechovCzech Republic
| | - D. H. Josephs
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - P. Karagiannis
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - F. Levi‐Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics UnitFaculty of MedicineSchool of PharmacyThe Institute for Drug ResearchThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - A. Meshcheryakova
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - D. Mechtcheriakova
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Y. Mekori
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - F. Mungenast
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - E. A. Nigro
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - M. L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - F. Redegeld
- Division of PharmacologyFaculty of ScienceUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - L. Saul
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - J. Singer
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - J. F. Spicer
- Division of Cancer StudiesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - E. Spillner
- Immunological EngineeringDepartment of EngineeringAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - M. C. Turner
- ISGlobalCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | - E. Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - L. Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical SciencesNazarbayev University School of MedicineAstanaKazakhstan
| | - S. N. Karagiannis
- Division of Genetics & Molecular MedicineFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineSt. John's Institute of DermatologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College LondonKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
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236
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Barr JY, Wang X, Meyerholz DK, Lieberman SM. CD8 T cells contribute to lacrimal gland pathology in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of Sjögren syndrome. Immunol Cell Biol 2017; 95:684-694. [PMID: 28465508 PMCID: PMC5595634 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by targeted destruction of the lacrimal and salivary glands resulting in symptoms of severe ocular and oral dryness. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving autoimmune manifestations are unclear. In patients and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren syndrome, lymphocytic infiltrates consist of CD4 and CD8 T cells, although the role of CD8 T cells in disease pathogenesis has been largely unexplored. Here, we evaluated the contribution of CD8 T cells to lacrimal and salivary gland autoimmunity. Within the lacrimal and salivary glands of NOD mice, CD8 T cells were proliferating, expressed an activated phenotype, and produced inflammatory cytokines. Transfer of purified CD8 T cells isolated from the cervical lymph nodes (LNs) of NOD mice into NOD-severe combined immunodeficiency recipients resulted in inflammation of the lacrimal glands, but was not sufficient to cause inflammation of the salivary glands. Lacrimal gland-infiltrating CD8 T cells displayed a cytotoxic phenotype, and epithelial cell damage in the lacrimal glands was observed in recipients of CD8 T cells regardless of the presence of CD4 T cells. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CD8 T cells have a pathogenic role in lacrimal gland autoimmunity. The gland-specific pathogenicity of CD8 T cells makes them a valuable resource to further understand the mechanisms that discriminate lacrimal versus salivary gland autoimmunity and for the development of new therapeutics that target the early stages of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Barr
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Scott M Lieberman
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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237
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He H, Wu J, Zang M, Wang W, Chang X, Chen X, Wang R, Wu Z, Wang L, Wang D, Lu F, Sun Z, Qu C. CCR6 + B lymphocytes responding to tumor cell-derived CCL20 support hepatocellular carcinoma progression via enhancing angiogenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:1151-1163. [PMID: 28560063 PMCID: PMC5446480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Different immune cells in tumor microenvironment shape tumor progression. CCL20 over-expression was reported as one of the "stemness" trait in TP53 mutated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to understand the effect of CCL20 on HCC progression. METHODS In two HCC cohort patients (n=95, n=85 respectively), serum CCL20 concentration was quantified by using ELISA. Expressions of CCL20 and CCR6 in 41 paired HCC tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues were determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR, confirmed by immunohistochemistry (CCL20) or by flow cytometry analysis (CCR6). Chemotaxis of splenocytes or purified CD19+ B cells to tumor cell-derived CCL20, and angiogenesis of different CD19+ B subtypes responding to tumor cell-derived CCL20 were measured in vitro. H22 murine hepatoma cells were inoculated into immunocompetent or immunodeficient SCID mice, tumor growth and metastasis were monitored after the mice were treated with anti-CCL20 neutralizing antibody or depleted B cells by anti-CD20. RESULTS Elevation of pretherapy serum CCL20 in HCC patients and increase of CCR6 expression in HCC tissues were closely associated with tumor metastasis and disease poor prognosis. In HCC tissues, CCL20 expression was positively correlated with CCR6 (R2 =0.3134, P=0.0002), and CCR6 was exclusively identified in tumor infiltrated immune cells. CD19+CD5+ B lymphocytes expressed higher CCR6, responded to tumor cell-derived CCL20 and enhanced angiogenesis in vitro. Neutralizing CCL20 activity in immunocompetent mice, not in SCID mice, attenuated tumor incidence, restrained tumor growth and distal metastasis. Tumor angiogenesis was significantly inhibited after CCL20 activity was blockade. In addition, inhibiting B lymphocyte infiltration into tumor mileum also attenuated tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Tumor cell-derived CCL20 interacts with CCR6 highly expressed CD19+CD5+ B cells, to promote HCC progression, which might be via enhancing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Mengya Zang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Weihu Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
- Currently Address: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing 100142, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zongtang Sun
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, P. R. China
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238
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Sia D, Villanueva A, Friedman SL, Llovet JM. Liver Cancer Cell of Origin, Molecular Class, and Effects on Patient Prognosis. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:745-761. [PMID: 28043904 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 728] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and therefore a major public health challenge. We review hypotheses of the cell of origin of liver tumorigenesis and clarify the classes of liver cancer based on molecular features and how they affect patient prognosis. Primary liver cancer comprises hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), and other rare tumors, notably fibrolamellar carcinoma and hepatoblastoma. The molecular and clinical features of HCC versus iCCA are distinct, but these conditions have overlapping risk factors and pathways of oncogenesis. A better understanding of the cell types originating liver cancer can aid in exploring molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and therapeutic options. Molecular studies have identified adult hepatocytes as the cell of origin. These cells have been proposed to transform directly into HCC cells (via a sequence of genetic alterations), to dedifferentiate into hepatocyte precursor cells (which then become HCC cells that express progenitor cell markers), or to transdifferentiate into biliary-like cells (which give rise to iCCA). Alternatively, progenitor cells also give rise to HCCs and iCCAs with markers of progenitor cells. Advances in genome profiling and next-generation sequencing have led to the classification of HCCs based on molecular features and assigned them to categories such as proliferation-progenitor, proliferation-transforming growth factor β, and Wnt-catenin β1. iCCAs have been assigned to categories of proliferation and inflammation. Overall, proliferation subclasses are associated with a more aggressive phenotype and poor outcome of patients, although more specific signatures have refined our prognostic abilities. Analyses of genetic alterations have identified those that might be targeted therapeutically, such as fusions in the FGFR2 gene and mutations in genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenases (in approximately 60% of iCCAs) or amplifications at 11q13 and 6p21 (in approximately 15% of HCCs). Further studies of these alterations are needed before they can be used as biomarkers in clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sia
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Hematology, and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Hematology, and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Hematology, and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Divisions of Liver Diseases, Hematology, and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, BCLC, Liver Unit, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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239
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Ager A. High Endothelial Venules and Other Blood Vessels: Critical Regulators of Lymphoid Organ Development and Function. Front Immunol 2017; 8:45. [PMID: 28217126 PMCID: PMC5289948 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood vasculature regulates both the development and function of secondary lymphoid organs by providing a portal for entry of hemopoietic cells. During the development of lymphoid organs in the embryo, blood vessels deliver lymphoid tissue inducer cells that initiate and sustain the development of lymphoid tissues. In adults, the blood vessels are structurally distinct from those in other organs due to the requirement for high levels of lymphocyte recruitment under non-inflammatory conditions. In lymph nodes (LNs) and Peyer's patches, high endothelial venules (HEVs) especially adapted for lymphocyte trafficking form a spatially organized network of blood vessels, which controls both the type of lymphocyte and the site of entry into lymphoid tissues. Uniquely, HEVs express vascular addressins that regulate lymphocyte entry into lymphoid organs and are, therefore, critical to the function of lymphoid organs. Recent studies have demonstrated important roles for CD11c+ dendritic cells in the induction, as well as the maintenance, of vascular addressin expression and, therefore, the function of HEVs. Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are HEV containing LN-like structures that develop inside organized tissues undergoing chronic immune-mediated inflammation. In autoimmune lesions, the development of TLOs is thought to exacerbate disease. In cancerous tissues, the development of HEVs and TLOs is associated with improved patient outcomes in several cancers. Therefore, it is important to understand what drives the development of HEVs and TLOs and how these structures contribute to pathology. In several human diseases and experimental animal models of chronic inflammation, there are some similarities between the development and function of HEVs within LN and TLOs. This review will summarize current knowledge of how hemopoietic cells with lymphoid tissue-inducing, HEV-inducing, and HEV-maintaining properties are recruited from the bloodstream to induce the development and control the function of lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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240
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Dieu-Nosjean MC, Giraldo NA, Kaplon H, Germain C, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Tertiary lymphoid structures, drivers of the anti-tumor responses in human cancers. Immunol Rev 2016; 271:260-75. [PMID: 27088920 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of the microenvironment of human tumors led to the description of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) characterized by mature dendritic cells in a T-cell zone adjacent to B-cell follicle including a germinal center. TLS represent sites of lymphoid neogenesis that develop in most solid cancers. Analysis of the current literature shows that the TLS presence is associated with a favorable clinical outcome for cancer patients, regardless of the approach used to quantify TLS and the stage of the disease. Using several approaches that combine immunohistochemistry, gene expression assays, and flow cytometry on large series of lung tumors, our work demonstrated that TLS are important sites for the initiation and/or maintenance of the local and systemic T- and B-cell responses against tumors. Surrounded by high endothelial venules, they represent a privileged area for the recruitment of lymphocytes into tumors and generation of central-memory T and B cells that circulate and limit cancer progression. TLS can be considered as a novel biomarker to stratify the overall survival risk of untreated cancer patients and as a marker of efficient immunotherapies. The induction and manipulation of cancer-associated TLS using drug agonists and/or biotherapies should open new avenues to treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas A Giraldo
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Kaplon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Claire Germain
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
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241
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Affo S, Yu LX, Schwabe RF. The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Fibrosis in Liver Cancer. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2016; 12:153-186. [PMID: 27959632 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-052016-100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, causing more than 700,000 deaths annually. Because of the wide landscape of genomic alterations and limited therapeutic success of targeting tumor cells, a recent focus has been on better understanding and possibly targeting the microenvironment in which liver tumors develop. A unique feature of liver cancer is its close association with liver fibrosis. More than 80% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) develop in fibrotic or cirrhotic livers, suggesting an important role of liver fibrosis in the premalignant environment (PME) of the liver. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), in contrast, is characterized by a strong desmoplasia that typically occurs in response to the tumor, suggesting a key role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and fibrosis in its tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we discuss the functional contributions of myofibroblasts, CAFs, and fibrosis to the development of HCC and CCA in the hepatic PME and TME, focusing on myofibroblast- and extracellular matrix-associated growth factors, fibrosis-associated immunosuppressive pathways, as well as mechanosensitive signaling cascades that are activated by increased tissue stiffness. Better understanding of the role of myofibroblasts in HCC and CCA development and progression may provide the basis to target these cells for tumor prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Affo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032;
| | - Le-Xing Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032;
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032;
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242
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Pikarsky E, Heikenwalder M. Focal and Local: Ectopic Lymphoid Structures and Aggregates of Myeloid and Other Immune Cells in Liver. Gastroenterology 2016; 151:780-783. [PMID: 27693322 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada and Department of Pathology, Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg and Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
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243
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Upregulation of miR-98 Inhibits Apoptosis in Cartilage Cells in Osteoarthritis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:645-653. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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244
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Jing F, Choi EY. Potential of Cells and Cytokines/Chemokines to Regulate Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Human Diseases. Immune Netw 2016; 16:271-280. [PMID: 27799872 PMCID: PMC5086451 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.5.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid tissues involved in chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and cancer. They exhibit almost all the characteristics of secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), which are associated with adaptive immune responses; as such, they contain organized B-cell follicles with germinal centers, distinct areas containing T cells and dendritic cells, high endothelial venules, and lymphatics. In this review, we briefly describe the formation of SLO, and describe the cellular subsets and molecular cues involved in the formation and maintenance of TLS. Finally, we discuss the associations of TLS with human diseases, especially autoimmune diseases, and the potential for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifeng Jing
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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245
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Flores-Borja F, Irshad S, Gordon P, Wong F, Sheriff I, Tutt A, Ng T. Crosstalk between Innate Lymphoid Cells and Other Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:7803091. [PMID: 27882334 PMCID: PMC5110869 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7803091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge and understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been recently expanded with the recognition of the important role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC). Three different groups of ILC have been described based on their ability to produce cytokines that mediate the interactions between innate and adaptive immune cells in a variety of immune responses in infection, allergy, and autoimmunity. However, recent evidence from experimental models and clinical studies has demonstrated that ILC contribute to the mechanisms that generate suppressive or tolerant environments that allow tumor regression or progression. Defining the complex network of interactions and crosstalk of ILC with other immune cells and understanding the specific contributions of each type of ILC leading to tumor development will allow the manipulation of their function and will be important to develop new interventions and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Flores-Borja
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sheeba Irshad
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Peter Gordon
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Felix Wong
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Randall Division & Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Medical School Campus, London SE1 1ULK, UK
| | - Ibrahim Sheriff
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Randall Division & Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Medical School Campus, London SE1 1ULK, UK
| | - Andrew Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Tony Ng
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Randall Division & Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Medical School Campus, London SE1 1ULK, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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246
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Bandiera S, Billie Bian C, Hoshida Y, Baumert TF, Zeisel MB. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Curr Opin Virol 2016; 20:99-105. [PMID: 27741441 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causes of advanced liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. While the knowledge about the molecular virology of HCV infection has markedly advanced, the molecular mechanisms of disease progression leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC are still unclear. Accumulating experimental and clinical studies indicate that HCV may drive hepatocarcinogenesis directly via its proteins or transcripts, and/or indirectly through induction of chronic liver inflammation. Despite the possibility to eradicate HCV infection through direct-acting antiviral treatment, the risk of HCC persists although specific biomarkers to estimate this risk are still missing. Thus, a better understanding of HCV-induced HCC and more physiological liver disease models are required to prevent cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Bandiera
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Billie Bian
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Mirjam B Zeisel
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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247
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Jones GW, Hill DG, Jones SA. Understanding Immune Cells in Tertiary Lymphoid Organ Development: It Is All Starting to Come Together. Front Immunol 2016; 7:401. [PMID: 27752256 PMCID: PMC5046062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are frequently observed in tissues affected by non-resolving inflammation as a result of infection, autoimmunity, cancer, and allograft rejection. These highly ordered structures resemble the cellular composition of lymphoid follicles typically associated with the spleen and lymph node compartments. Although TLOs within tissues show varying degrees of organization, they frequently display evidence of segregated T and B cell zones, follicular dendritic cell networks, a supporting stromal reticulum, and high endothelial venules. In this respect, they mimic the activities of germinal centers and contribute to the local control of adaptive immune responses. Studies in various disease settings have described how these structures contribute to either beneficial or deleterious outcomes. While the development and architectural organization of TLOs within inflamed tissues requires homeostatic chemokines, lymphoid and inflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules, our understanding of the cells responsible for triggering these events is still evolving. Over the past 10–15 years, novel immune cell subsets have been discovered that have more recently been implicated in the control of TLO development and function. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of these cell types and consider the potential to develop new therapeutic strategies that target TLOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth W Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity URI, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - David G Hill
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity URI, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity URI, The School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
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248
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Sautès-Fridman C, Lawand M, Giraldo NA, Kaplon H, Germain C, Fridman WH, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancers: Prognostic Value, Regulation, and Manipulation for Therapeutic Intervention. Front Immunol 2016; 7:407. [PMID: 27752258 PMCID: PMC5046074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates that reflect lymphoid neogenesis occurring in tissues at sites of inflammation. They are detected in tumors where they orchestrate local and systemic anti-tumor responses. A correlation has been found between high densities of TLS and prolonged patient's survival in more than 10 different types of cancer. TLS can be regulated by the same set of chemokines and cytokines that orchestrate lymphoid organogenesis and by regulatory T cells. Thus, TLS offer a series of putative new targets that could be used to develop therapies aiming to increase the anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Lawand
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas A Giraldo
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Kaplon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Claire Germain
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
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249
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Villanueva A, Luedde T. The transition from inflammation to cancer in the liver. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2016; 8:89-93. [PMID: 31041071 PMCID: PMC6490202 DOI: 10.1002/cld.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Villanueva
- Division of Liver Diseases, Liver Cancer Program, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of MedicineIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Tom Luedde
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary OncologyUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany
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250
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Koroleva EP, Fu YX, Tumanov AV. Lymphotoxin in physiology of lymphoid tissues - Implication for antiviral defense. Cytokine 2016; 101:39-47. [PMID: 27623349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lymphotoxin (LT) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily of cytokines which serves multiple functions, including the control of lymphoid organ development and maintenance, as well as regulation of inflammation and autoimmunity. Although the role of LT in organogenesis and maintenance of lymphoid organs is well established, the contribution of LT pathway to homeostasis of lymphoid organs during the immune response to pathogens is less understood. In this review, we highlight recent advances on the role of LT pathway in antiviral immune responses. We discuss the role of LT signaling in lymphoid organ integrity, type I IFN production and regulation of protection and immunopathology during viral infections. We further discuss the potential of therapeutic targeting LT pathway for controlling immunopathology and antiviral protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina P Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY.
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