201
|
Busè M, Cuttaia HC, Palazzo D, Mazara MV, Lauricella SA, Malacarne M, Pierluigi M, Cavani S, Piccione M. Expanding the phenotype of reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications: a case series. Ital J Pediatr 2017; 43:61. [PMID: 28724436 PMCID: PMC5518118 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-017-0380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications have been associated with variable phenotypes. Phenotypic features described in association with 1q21.1 microdeletions include developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphism and congenital anomalies. The 1q21.1 reciprocal duplication has been associated with macrocephaly or relative macrocephaly, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, developmental delay, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. METHODS Our study describes seven patients, who were referred to us for developmental delay/intellectual disability, dysmorphic features and, in some cases, congenital anomalies, in whom we identified 1q21.1 CNVs by array-CGH. RESULTS Our data confirm the extreme phenotypic variability associated with 1q21.1 microdeletion and microduplication. We observed common phenotypic features, described in previous studies, but we also described, for the first time, congenital hypothyroidism in association with 1q21.1 deletion and trigonocephaly associated with 1q21.1 duplication. CONCLUSIONS The aim of this study is to contribute to the definition of the phenotype associated with reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Busè
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Helenia C Cuttaia
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetic, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Palazzo
- Regional Referral Centre for Rare Genetic and Chromosomal Diseases, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcella V Mazara
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetic, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Michela Malacarne
- S.C. Laboratory of Human Genetics, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mauro Pierluigi
- S.C. Laboratory of Human Genetics, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Cavani
- S.C. Laboratory of Human Genetics, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Piccione
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Lesueur P, Chevalier F, Austry JB, Waissi W, Burckel H, Noël G, Habrand JL, Saintigny Y, Joly F. Poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitors as radiosensitizers: a systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical human studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69105-69124. [PMID: 28978184 PMCID: PMC5620324 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are becoming important actors of anti-neoplasic agents landscape, with recent but narrow FDA's approvals for ovarian BRCA mutated cancers and prostatic cancer. Nevertheless, PARP inhibitors are also promising drugs for combined treatments particularly with radiotherapy. More than seven PARP inhibitors have been currently developed. Central Role of PARP in DNA repair, makes consider PARP inhibitor as potential radiosensitizers, especially for tumors with DNA repair defects, such as BRCA mutation, because of synthetic lethality. Furthermore the replication-dependent activity of PARP inhibitor helps to maintain the differential effect between tumoral and healthy tissues. Inhibition of chromatin remodeling, G2/M arrest, vasodilatory effect induced by PARP inhibitor, also participate to their radio-sensitization effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, after highlighting mechanisms of PARP inhibitors radiosensitization we methodically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Databases and meeting proceedings for human pre-clinical and clinical studies that evaluated PARP inhibitor radiosensitizing effect. Enhancement ratio, when available, was systematically reported. RESULTS Sixty four studies finally met our selection criteria and were included in the analysis. Only three pre-clinical studies didn't find any radiosensitizing effect. Median enhancement ratio vary from 1,3 for prostate tumors to 1,5 for lung cancers. Nine phase I or II trials assessed safety data. CONCLUSION PARP inhibitors are promising radiosensitizers, but need more clinical investigation. The next ten years will be determining for judging their real potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lesueur
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France.,Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Radiotherapy Unit, 14000 Caen, France
| | - François Chevalier
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Austry
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Waisse Waissi
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Burckel
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Georges Noël
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Louis Habrand
- Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Radiotherapy Unit, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Yannick Saintigny
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Florence Joly
- Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Clinical Research Unit, 14000 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Gupte R, Liu Z, Kraus WL. PARPs and ADP-ribosylation: recent advances linking molecular functions to biological outcomes. Genes Dev 2017; 31:101-126. [PMID: 28202539 PMCID: PMC5322727 DOI: 10.1101/gad.291518.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this review, Gupte et al. discuss new findings on the diverse roles of PARPs in chromatin regulation, transcription, RNA biology, and DNA repair as well as recent advances that link ADP-ribosylation to stress responses, metabolism, viral infections, and cancer. The discovery of poly(ADP-ribose) >50 years ago opened a new field, leading the way for the discovery of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of enzymes and the ADP-ribosylation reactions that they catalyze. Although the field was initially focused primarily on the biochemistry and molecular biology of PARP-1 in DNA damage detection and repair, the mechanistic and functional understanding of the role of PARPs in different biological processes has grown considerably of late. This has been accompanied by a shift of focus from enzymology to a search for substrates as well as the first attempts to determine the functional consequences of site-specific ADP-ribosylation on those substrates. Supporting these advances is a host of methodological approaches from chemical biology, proteomics, genomics, cell biology, and genetics that have propelled new discoveries in the field. New findings on the diverse roles of PARPs in chromatin regulation, transcription, RNA biology, and DNA repair have been complemented by recent advances that link ADP-ribosylation to stress responses, metabolism, viral infections, and cancer. These studies have begun to reveal the promising ways in which PARPs may be targeted therapeutically for the treatment of disease. In this review, we discuss these topics and relate them to the future directions of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gupte
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Ziying Liu
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - W Lee Kraus
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Abstract
Cells are exposed to various endogenous and exogenous insults that induce DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, impairs genome integrity and leads to the development of various diseases, including cancer. Recent evidence has implicated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in various DNA repair pathways and in the maintenance of genomic stability. The inhibition of PARP1 is therefore being exploited clinically for the treatment of various cancers, which include DNA repair-deficient ovarian, breast and prostate cancers. Understanding the role of PARP1 in maintaining genome integrity is not only important for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents, but is also crucial for gaining insights into the mechanisms of chemoresistance in cancer cells. In this Review, we discuss the roles of PARP1 in mediating various aspects of DNA metabolism, such as single-strand break repair, nucleotide excision repair, double-strand break repair and the stabilization of replication forks, and in modulating chromatin structure.
Collapse
|
205
|
Fontana P, Bonfiglio JJ, Palazzo L, Bartlett E, Matic I, Ahel I. Serine ADP-ribosylation reversal by the hydrolase ARH3. eLife 2017; 6:e28533. [PMID: 28650317 PMCID: PMC5552275 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is a posttranslational modification (PTM) of proteins that controls many cellular processes, including DNA repair, transcription, chromatin regulation and mitosis. A number of proteins catalyse the transfer and hydrolysis of ADPr, and also specify how and when the modification is conjugated to the targets. We recently discovered a new form of ADPr that is attached to serine residues in target proteins (Ser-ADPr) and showed that this PTM is specifically made by PARP1/HPF1 and PARP2/HPF1 complexes. In this work, we found by quantitative proteomics that histone Ser-ADPr is reversible in cells during response to DNA damage. By screening for the hydrolase that is responsible for the reversal of Ser-ADPr, we identified ARH3/ADPRHL2 as capable of efficiently and specifically removing Ser-ADPr of histones and other proteins. We further showed that Ser-ADPr is a major PTM in cells after DNA damage and that this signalling is dependent on ARH3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Fontana
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luca Palazzo
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Bartlett
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Matic
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Rajawat J, Shukla N, Mishra DP. Therapeutic Targeting of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP1) in Cancer: Current Developments, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Opportunities. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1461-1491. [PMID: 28510338 DOI: 10.1002/med.21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a central role in numerous cellular processes including DNA repair, replication, and transcription. PARP interacts directly, indirectly or via PARylation with various oncogenic proteins and regulates several transcription factors thereby modulating carcinogenesis. Therapeutic inhibition of PARP is therefore perceived as a promising anticancer strategy and a number of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are currently under development and clinical evaluation. PARPi inhibit the DNA repair pathway and thus form the concept of synthetic lethality in cancer therapeutics. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown the potential of PARPi as chemopotentiator, radiosensitizer, or as adjuvant therapeutic agents. Recent studies have shown that PARP-1 could be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive in different cancers. PARP inhibitor resistance is also a growing concern in the clinical setting. Recently, changes in the levels of PARP-1 activity or expression in cancer patients have provided the basis for consideration of PARP-1 regulatory proteins as potential biomarkers. This review focuses on the current developments related to the role of PARP in cancer progression, therapeutic strategies targeting PARP-associated oncogenic signaling, and future opportunities in use of PARPi in anticancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyotika Rajawat
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Nidhi Shukla
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Hilmi K, Jangal M, Marques M, Zhao T, Saad A, Zhang C, Luo VM, Syme A, Rejon C, Yu Z, Krum A, Fabian MR, Richard S, Alaoui-Jamali M, Orthwein A, McCaffrey L, Witcher M. CTCF facilitates DNA double-strand break repair by enhancing homologous recombination repair. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601898. [PMID: 28560323 PMCID: PMC5443639 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is mediated via two major pathways, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) repair. DSB repair is vital for cell survival, genome stability, and tumor suppression. In contrast to NHEJ, HR relies on extensive homology and templated DNA synthesis to restore the sequence surrounding the break site. We report a new role for the multifunctional protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in facilitating HR-mediated DSB repair. CTCF is recruited to DSB through its zinc finger domain independently of poly(ADP-ribose) polymers, known as PARylation, catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). CTCF ensures proper DSB repair kinetics in response to γ-irradiation, and the loss of CTCF compromises HR-mediated repair. Consistent with its role in HR, loss of CTCF results in hypersensitivity to DNA damage, inducing agents and inhibitors of PARP. Mechanistically, CTCF acts downstream of BRCA1 in the HR pathway and associates with BRCA2 in a PARylation-dependent manner, enhancing BRCA2 recruitment to DSB. In contrast, CTCF does not influence the recruitment of the NHEJ protein 53BP1 or LIGIV to DSB. Together, our findings establish for the first time that CTCF is an important regulator of the HR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hilmi
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Maïka Jangal
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Maud Marques
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Amine Saad
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Vincent M. Luo
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montréal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Alasdair Syme
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Physics Unit, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Carlis Rejon
- Department of Oncology, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Zhenbao Yu
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Asiev Krum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Physics Unit, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Marc R. Fabian
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Moulay Alaoui-Jamali
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Alexander Orthwein
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montréal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Luke McCaffrey
- Department of Oncology, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Michael Witcher
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin Côte-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Weems JC, Slaughter BD, Unruh JR, Boeing S, Hall SM, McLaird MB, Yasukawa T, Aso T, Svejstrup JQ, Conaway JW, Conaway RC. Cockayne syndrome B protein regulates recruitment of the Elongin A ubiquitin ligase to sites of DNA damage. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6431-6437. [PMID: 28292928 PMCID: PMC5399097 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c117.777946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elongin A performs dual functions as the transcriptionally active subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) elongation factor Elongin and as the substrate recognition subunit of a Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitylates Pol II in response to DNA damage. Assembly of the Elongin A ubiquitin ligase and its recruitment to sites of DNA damage is a tightly regulated process induced by DNA-damaging agents and α-amanitin, a drug that induces Pol II stalling. In this study, we demonstrate (i) that Elongin A and the ubiquitin ligase subunit CUL5 associate in cells with the Cockayne syndrome B (CSB) protein and (ii) that this interaction is also induced by DNA-damaging agents and α-amanitin. In addition, we present evidence that the CSB protein promotes stable recruitment of the Elongin A ubiquitin ligase to sites of DNA damage. Our findings are consistent with the model that the Elongin A ubiquitin ligase and the CSB protein function together in a common pathway in response to Pol II stalling and DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juston C Weems
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Brian D Slaughter
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Jay R Unruh
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Stefan Boeing
- the Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms EN6 3LD, United Kingdom
| | - Shawn M Hall
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Merry B McLaird
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Takashi Yasukawa
- the Department of Functional Genomics, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Teijiro Aso
- the Department of Functional Genomics, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Jesper Q Svejstrup
- the Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms EN6 3LD, United Kingdom
| | - Joan W Conaway
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, and
| | - Ronald C Conaway
- From the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, and
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Abu-Zhayia ER, Khoury-Haddad H, Guttmann-Raviv N, Serruya R, Jarrous N, Ayoub N. A role of human RNase P subunits, Rpp29 and Rpp21, in homology directed-repair of double-strand breaks. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1002. [PMID: 28432356 PMCID: PMC5430778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is needed to repair damaged DNA for genomic integrity preservation. Defective DDR causes accumulation of deleterious mutations and DNA lesions that can lead to genomic instabilities and carcinogenesis. Identifying new players in the DDR, therefore, is essential to advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which cells keep their genetic material intact. Here, we show that the core protein subunits Rpp29 and Rpp21 of human RNase P complex are implicated in DDR. We demonstrate that Rpp29 and Rpp21 depletion impairs double-strand break (DSB) repair by homology-directed repair (HDR), but has no deleterious effect on the integrity of non-homologous end joining. We also demonstrate that Rpp29 and Rpp21, but not Rpp14, Rpp25 and Rpp38, are rapidly and transiently recruited to laser-microirradiated sites. Rpp29 and Rpp21 bind poly ADP-ribose moieties and are recruited to DNA damage sites in a PARP1-dependent manner. Remarkably, depletion of the catalytic H1 RNA subunit diminishes their recruitment to laser-microirradiated regions. Moreover, RNase P activity is augmented after DNA damage in a PARP1-dependent manner. Altogether, our results describe a previously unrecognized function of the RNase P subunits, Rpp29 and Rpp21, in fine-tuning HDR of DSBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enas R Abu-Zhayia
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hanan Khoury-Haddad
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Noga Guttmann-Raviv
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Raphael Serruya
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nayef Jarrous
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Nabieh Ayoub
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Basset C, Bonnet-Magnaval F, Navarro MGJ, Touriol C, Courtade M, Prats H, Garmy-Susini B, Lacazette E. Api5 a new cofactor of estrogen receptor alpha involved in breast cancer outcome. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52511-52526. [PMID: 28881748 PMCID: PMC5581047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Api5 (Apoptosis inhibitor 5) is an anti-apoptotic factor that confers resistance to genotoxic stress in human cancer. Api5 is also expressed in endothelial cells and participates to the Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) signaling to promote cell migration. In this study, we found an over expression of Api5 in human breast cancer. Given that we show that high expression of Api5 in breast cancer patients is associated with shorter recurrence free survival, we investigated the relationship between ERα and Api5 at the molecular level. We found that Api5 Nuclear Receptor box (NR box) drives a direct interaction with the C domain of ERα. Furthermore, Api5 participates to gene transcription activation of ERα target genes upon estrogen treatment. Besides, Api5 expression favors tumorigenicity and migration and is necessary for tumor growth in vivo in mice xenografted model of breast cancer cell line. These finding suggest that Api5 is a new cofactor of ERα that functionally participates to the tumorigenic phenotype of breast cancer cells. In ERα breast cancer patients, Api5 overexpression is associated with poor survival, and may be used as a predictive marker of breast cancer recurrence free survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Basset
- U1037-CRCT, INSERM, Université Toulouse, F-31037, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Faculté de Médecine Rangueil, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Monique Courtade
- U1037-CRCT, INSERM, Université Toulouse, F-31037, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Faculté de Médecine Rangueil, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Prats
- U1037-CRCT, INSERM, Université Toulouse, F-31037, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Eric Lacazette
- UMR 1048-I2MC, INSERM, Université Toulouse, F-31432, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Raschellà G, Melino G, Malewicz M. New factors in mammalian DNA repair-the chromatin connection. Oncogene 2017; 36:4673-4681. [PMID: 28394347 PMCID: PMC5562846 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In response to DNA damage mammalian cells activate a complex network of stress response pathways collectively termed DNA damage response (DDR). DDR involves a temporary arrest of the cell cycle to allow for the repair of the damage. DDR also attenuates gene expression by silencing global transcription and translation. Main function of DDR is, however, to prevent the fixation of debilitating changes to DNA by activation of various DNA repair pathways. Proper execution of DDR requires careful coordination between these interdependent cellular responses. Deregulation of some aspects of DDR orchestration is potentially pathological and could lead to various undesired outcomes such as DNA translocations, cellular transformation or acute cell death. It is thus critical to understand the regulation of DDR in cells especially in the light of a strong linkage between the DDR impairment and the occurrence of common human diseases such as cancer. In this review we focus on recent advances in understanding of mammalian DNA repair regulation and a on the function of PAXX/c9orf142 and ZNF281 proteins that recently had been discovered to play a role in that process. We focus on regulation of double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair via the non-homologous end joining pathway, as unrepaired DSBs are the primary cause of pathological cellular states after DNA damage. Interestingly these new factors operate at the level of chromatin, which reinforces a notion of a central role of chromatin structure in the regulation of cellular DDR regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Raschellà
- ENEA Research Center Casaccia, Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, Rome, Italy
| | - G Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine &Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, UK
| | - M Malewicz
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Du Y, Yamaguchi H, Hsu JL, Hung MC. PARP inhibitors as precision medicine for cancer treatment. Natl Sci Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwx027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPersonalized or precision medicine is an emerging treatment approach tailored to individuals or certain groups of patients based on their unique characteristics. These types of therapies guided by biomarkers tend to be more effective than traditional approaches, especially in cancer. The inhibitor against poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), olaparib (Lynparza, AstraZeneca), which was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014, demonstrated efficacy specifically for ovarian cancer patients harboring mutations in BRCA genes, which encode proteins in DNA double-strand break repairs. However, the response to PARP inhibitors has been less encouraging in other cancer types that also carry defects in the BRCA genes. Thus, furthering our understanding of the underlying mechanism of PARP inhibitors and resistance is critical to improve their efficacy. In this review, we summarize the results of preclinical studies and the clinical application of PARP inhibitors, and discuss the future direction of PARP inhibitors as a potential marker-guided personalized medicine for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
| | - Jennifer L. Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Imre G, Berthelet J, Heering J, Kehrloesser S, Melzer IM, Lee BI, Thiede B, Dötsch V, Rajalingam K. Apoptosis inhibitor 5 is an endogenous inhibitor of caspase-2. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:733-744. [PMID: 28336776 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases are key enzymes responsible for mediating apoptotic cell death. Across species, caspase-2 is the most conserved caspase and stands out due to unique features. Apart from cell death, caspase-2 also regulates autophagy, genomic stability and ageing. Caspase-2 requires dimerization for its activation which is primarily accomplished by recruitment to high molecular weight protein complexes in cells. Here, we demonstrate that apoptosis inhibitor 5 (API5/AAC11) is an endogenous and direct inhibitor of caspase-2. API5 protein directly binds to the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) of caspase-2 and impedes dimerization and activation of caspase-2. Interestingly, recombinant API5 directly inhibits full length but not processed caspase-2. Depletion of endogenous API5 leads to an increase in caspase-2 dimerization and activation. Consistently, loss of API5 sensitizes cells to caspase-2-dependent apoptotic cell death. These results establish API5/AAC-11 as a direct inhibitor of caspase-2 and shed further light onto mechanisms driving the activation of this poorly understood caspase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Imre
- MSU-FZI, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jean Berthelet
- MSU-FZI, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kehrloesser
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Inga Maria Melzer
- MSU-FZI, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU, Mainz, Germany
| | - Byung Il Lee
- Division of Convergence Technology, Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- MSU-FZI, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU, Mainz, Germany .,UCT, Mainz, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Densham RM, Morris JR. The BRCA1 Ubiquitin ligase function sets a new trend for remodelling in DNA repair. Nucleus 2017; 8:116-125. [PMID: 28032817 PMCID: PMC5403137 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2016.1267092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein product of the breast and ovarian cancer gene, BRCA1, is part of an obligate heterodimer with BARD1. Together these RING bearing proteins act as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Several functions have been attributed to BRCA1 that contribute to genome integrity but which of these, if any, require this enzymatic function was unclear. Here we review recent studies clarifying the role of BRCA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase in DNA repair. Perhaps the most surprising finding is the narrow range of BRCA1 functions this activity relates to. Remarkably ligase activity promotes chromatin remodelling and 53BP1 positioning through the remodeller SMARCAD1, but the activity is dispensable for the cellular survival in response to cisplatin or replication stressing agents. Implications for therapy response and tumor susceptibility are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M. Densham
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology and Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Medical and Dental School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna R. Morris
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology and Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Medical and Dental School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Ludwigsen J, Pfennig S, Singh AK, Schindler C, Harrer N, Forné I, Zacharias M, Mueller-Planitz F. Concerted regulation of ISWI by an autoinhibitory domain and the H4 N-terminal tail. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28109157 PMCID: PMC5305211 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ISWI-family nucleosome remodeling enzymes need the histone H4 N-terminal tail to mobilize nucleosomes. Here we mapped the H4-tail binding pocket of ISWI. Surprisingly the binding site was adjacent to but not overlapping with the docking site of an auto-regulatory motif, AutoN, in the N-terminal region (NTR) of ISWI, indicating that AutoN does not act as a simple pseudosubstrate as suggested previously. Rather, AutoN cooperated with a hitherto uncharacterized motif, termed AcidicN, to confer H4-tail sensitivity and discriminate between DNA and nucleosomes. A third motif in the NTR, ppHSA, was functionally required in vivo and provided structural stability by clamping the NTR to Lobe 2 of the ATPase domain. This configuration is reminiscent of Chd1 even though Chd1 contains an unrelated NTR. Our results shed light on the intricate structural and functional regulation of ISWI by the NTR and uncover surprising parallels with Chd1. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21477.001 In the cells of animals, plants and other eukaryotes, DNA wraps tightly around proteins called histones to form structures known as nucleosomes that resemble beads on a string. When nucleosomes are sufficiently close to each other they interact and clump together, which compacts the DNA and prevents the genes in that stretch of DNA being activated. But how do cells mobilize their nucleosomes? A nucleosome remodeling enzyme called ISWI can slide nucleosomes along DNA. ISWI becomes active when it interacts with a ‘tail’ region of a histone protein called H4. However, the H4 tail prefers to interact with neighboring nucleosomes instead of with ISWI. Therefore when ISWI slides a nucleosome close to another one, the H4 tail of the nucleosome binds instead to its new neighbor so that ISWI cannot continue to slide. By this mechanism, ISWI is proposed to pile up nucleosomes, which subsequently compact, leading to the inactivation of this part of the genome. To investigate how ISWI recognizes the H4 tail, Ludwigsen et al. mapped where the H4 tail binds to ISWI by combining the biochemical methods of cross-linking and mass spectrometry. In addition, mutagenesis experiments identified a new motif in the enzyme that is essential for recognizing the H4 tail. In the absence of the nucleosome, this motif – called AcidicN – works with a neighboring motif called AutoN to keep ISWI in an inactive state. The two motifs also work together to enable ISWI to distinguish between nucleosomes and DNA. Further evidence suggests that other remodeling enzymes have similar regulation mechanisms; therefore this method of controlling nucleosome remodeling may have been conserved throughout evolution. Further studies are now needed to detect the shape changes that occur in ISWI as it recognizes the histone tail and work out how this leads to nucleosome remodeling. Inside cells, ISWI is usually found within large complexes that consist of many proteins. It therefore also remains to be discovered whether the proteins in these complexes impose additional layers of regulation and complexity on the activity of ISWI. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21477.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ludwigsen
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Pfennig
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ashish K Singh
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Schindler
- Physics Department (T38), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadine Harrer
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ignasi Forné
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Physics Department (T38), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
216
|
Zhang J, Zhi X, Shi S, Tao R, Chen P, Sun S, Bian L, Xu Z, Ma L. SPOCK1 is up-regulated and promotes tumor growth via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:870-876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
217
|
Identification of CHD1L as an Important Regulator for Spermatogonial Stem Cell Survival and Self-Renewal. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4069543. [PMID: 28003832 PMCID: PMC5149700 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4069543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene (Chd1l) participates in chromatin-dependent processes, including transcriptional activation and DNA repair. In this study, we have found for the first time that Chd1l is mainly expressed in the testicular tissues of prepubertal and adult mice and colocalized with PLZF, OCT4, and GFRα1 in the neonatal mouse testis and THY1+ undifferentiated spermatogonia or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Knockdown of endogenous Chd1l in cultured mouse undifferentiated SSCs inhibited the expression levels of Oct4, Plzf, Gfrα1, and Pcna genes, suppressed SSC colony formation, and reduced BrdU incorporation, while increasing SSC apoptosis. Moreover, the Chd1l gene expression is activated by GDNF in the cultured mouse SSCs, and the GDNF signaling pathway was modulated by endogenous levels of Chd1l; as demonstrated by the gene expression levels of GDNF, inducible transcripts Etv5, Bcl6b, Pou3f, and Lhx1, but not that of GDNF-independent gene, Taf4b, were significantly downregulated by Chd1l knockdown in mouse SSCs. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence to support the notion that Chd1l is an intrinsic and novel regulator for SSC survival and self-renewal, and it exerts such regulation at least partially through a GDNF signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
218
|
Lalić J, Posavec Marjanović M, Palazzo L, Perina D, Sabljić I, Žaja R, Colby T, Pleše B, Halasz M, Jankevicius G, Bucca G, Ahel M, Matić I, Ćetković H, Luić M, Mikoč A, Ahel I. Disruption of Macrodomain Protein SCO6735 Increases Antibiotic Production in Streptomyces coelicolor. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23175-23187. [PMID: 27634042 PMCID: PMC5087735 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.721894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification that can alter the physical and chemical properties of target proteins and that controls many important cellular processes. Macrodomains are evolutionarily conserved structural domains that bind ADP-ribose derivatives and are found in proteins with diverse cellular functions. Some proteins from the macrodomain family can hydrolyze ADP-ribosylated substrates and therefore reverse this post-translational modification. Bacteria and Streptomyces, in particular, are known to utilize protein ADP-ribosylation, yet very little is known about their enzymes that synthesize and remove this modification. We have determined the crystal structure and characterized, both biochemically and functionally, the macrodomain protein SCO6735 from Streptomyces coelicolor This protein is a member of an uncharacterized subfamily of macrodomain proteins. Its crystal structure revealed a highly conserved macrodomain fold. We showed that SCO6735 possesses the ability to hydrolyze PARP-dependent protein ADP-ribosylation. Furthermore, we showed that expression of this protein is induced upon DNA damage and that deletion of this protein in S. coelicolor increases antibiotic production. Our results provide the first insights into the molecular basis of its action and impact on Streptomyces metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Palazzo
- the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Roko Žaja
- the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
- the Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10002, Croatia
| | - Thomas Colby
- the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931 Cologne, Germany, and
| | | | | | - Gytis Jankevicius
- the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Giselda Bucca
- the School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marijan Ahel
- the Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10002, Croatia
| | - Ivan Matić
- the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, D-50931 Cologne, Germany, and
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Ahel
- the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom,
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Sellou H, Lebeaupin T, Chapuis C, Smith R, Hegele A, Singh HR, Kozlowski M, Bultmann S, Ladurner AG, Timinszky G, Huet S. The poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent chromatin remodeler Alc1 induces local chromatin relaxation upon DNA damage. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:3791-3799. [PMID: 27733626 PMCID: PMC5170603 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-05-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP1 and its effector, the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler Alc1/Chd1L, are identified as key players during the rapid chromatin relaxation at DNA damage sites. Chromatin relaxation is one of the earliest cellular responses to DNA damage. However, what determines these structural changes, including their ATP requirement, is not well understood. Using live-cell imaging and laser microirradiation to induce DNA lesions, we show that the local chromatin relaxation at DNA damage sites is regulated by PARP1 enzymatic activity. We also report that H1 is mobilized at DNA damage sites, but, since this mobilization is largely independent of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, it cannot solely explain the chromatin relaxation. Finally, we demonstrate the involvement of Alc1, a poly(ADP-ribose)- and ATP-dependent remodeler, in the chromatin-relaxation process. Deletion of Alc1 impairs chromatin relaxation after DNA damage, while its overexpression strongly enhances relaxation. Altogether our results identify Alc1 as an important player in the fast kinetics of the NAD+- and ATP-dependent chromatin relaxation upon DNA damage in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafida Sellou
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, 35043 Rennes, France.,Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Théo Lebeaupin
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, 35043 Rennes, France.,Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Catherine Chapuis
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Rebecca Smith
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna Hegele
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hari R Singh
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marek Kozlowski
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bultmann
- Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas G Ladurner
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gyula Timinszky
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sébastien Huet
- CNRS, UMR 6290, Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France .,Université de Rennes 1, Structure fédérative de recherche Biosit, 35043 Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Ha K, Shen Y, Graves T, Kim CH, Kim HG. The presence of two rare genomic syndromes, 1q21 deletion and Xq28 duplication, segregating independently in a family with intellectual disability. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:74. [PMID: 27708714 PMCID: PMC5041540 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 1q21 microdeletion syndrome is a rare contiguous gene deletion disorder with de novo or autosomal dominant inheritance patterns and its phenotypic features include intellectual disability, distinctive facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, cardiac abnormalities, and cataracts. MECP2 duplication syndrome is an X-linked recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, global developmental delay, and other neurological complications including late-onset seizures. Previously, these two different genetic syndromes have not been reported segregating independently in a same family. Case presentation Here we describe two siblings carrying either a chromosome 1q21 microdeletion or a chromosome Xq28 duplication. Using a comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array, we identified a 1.24 Mb heterozygous deletion at 1q21 resulting in the loss of 9 genes in a girl with learning disability, hypothyroidism, short stature, sensory integration disorder, and soft dysmorphic features including cupped ears and a unilateral ear pit. We also characterized a 508 kb Xq28 duplication encompassing MECP2 in her younger brother with hypotonia, poor speech, cognitive and motor impairment. The parental CGH and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses revealed that the 1q21 deletion in the elder sister is de novo, but the Xq28 duplication in the younger brother was originally inherited from the maternal grandmother through the mother, both of whom are asymptomatic carriers. RT-qPCR assays revealed that the affected brother has almost double the amount of MECP2 mRNA expression compared to other family members of both genders including maternal grandmother and mother who have the same Xq28 duplication with no phenotype. This suggests the X chromosome with an Xq28 duplication in the carrier females is preferentially silenced. Conclusion From our understanding, this would be the first report showing the independent segregation of two genetically unrelated syndromes, 1q21 microdeletion and Xq28 duplication, in a same family, especially in siblings. Although these two chromosomal abnormalities share some similar phenotypes such as intellectual disability, mild dysmorphic features, and cardiac abnormalities, the presence of two unrelated and rare syndromes in siblings is very unusual. Therefore, further comprehensive investigations in similar cases are required for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoo Ha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA ; Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Yiping Shen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Tyler Graves
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Section of Reproductive Endocrinology, Infertility & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Abplanalp J, Hottiger MO. Cell fate regulation by chromatin ADP-ribosylation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:114-122. [PMID: 27693398 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is an evolutionarily conserved complex posttranslational modification that alters protein function and/or interaction. Intracellularly, it is mainly catalyzed by diphtheria toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTDs), which attach one or several ADP-ribose residues onto target proteins. Several specific mono- and poly-ADP-ribosylation binding modules exist; hydrolases reverse the modification. The best-characterized ARTD family member, ARTD1, regulates various DNA-associated processes. Here, we focus on the role of ARTD1-mediated chromatin ADP-ribosylation in development, differentiation, and pluripotency, and the recent development of new methodologies that will enable more insight into these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Abplanalp
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
A versatile strategy for the design and synthesis of novel ADP conjugates and their evaluation as potential poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 inhibitors. Mol Divers 2016; 21:101-113. [PMID: 27677737 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A versatile strategy for the synthesis of [Formula: see text] mimetics was developed, involving an efficient pyrophosphate linkage formation in key conjugates containing a functional amino group which acts as useful reactive anchor for further derivatization. These [Formula: see text] mimetics consist of ADP conjugated through a diphosphate chain to an extended aliphatic linker bearing an aromatic acid residue. A number of conjugates containing aromatic carboxylic acids were found to inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). A new class of potential PARP-1 inhibitors mimicking [Formula: see text], a substrate in the PARP-1 catalyzed reaction, was proposed.
Collapse
|
223
|
Posavec Marjanović M, Crawford K, Ahel I. PARP, transcription and chromatin modeling. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:102-113. [PMID: 27677453 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Compaction mode of chromatin and chromatin highly organised structures regulate gene expression. Posttranslational modifications, histone variants and chromatin remodelers modulate the compaction, structure and therefore function of specific regions of chromatin. The generation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is emerging as one of the key signalling events on sites undergoing chromatin structure modulation. PAR is generated locally in response to stresses. These include genotoxic stress but also differentiation signals, metabolic and hormonal cues. A pictures emerges in which transient PAR formation is essential to orchestrate chromatin remodelling and transcription factors allowing the cell to adapt to alteration in its environment. This review summarizes the diverse factors of ADP-ribosylation in the adaptive regulation of chromatin structure and transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerryanne Crawford
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK,.
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Schuhwerk H, Atteya R, Siniuk K, Wang ZQ. PARPing for balance in the homeostasis of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:81-91. [PMID: 27664469 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite more than 50 years of research, the vast majority of the biology of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) still remains a gross mystery. Originally described to be a part of the DNA repair machinery, poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is synthesized immediately by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs, also known as ARTDs) upon DNA damage and then rapidly removed by degrading enzymes. PAR provides a delicate and spatiotemporal interaction scaffold for numerous target proteins. Thus, the multifaceted PARylation system, consisting of PAR itself and its synthesizers and erasers, plays diverse roles in the DNA damage response (DDR), in DNA repair, transcription, replication, chromatin remodelling, metabolism and cell death. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the biology of PARylation, focusing on the functionality and the activities of the PARPs' founding member PARP1/ARTD1, which is modulated by a variety of posttranslational modifications. We also discuss the homeostasis of PAR - a process which is maintained by the balance of PAR synthesizers and erasers. We aim to sensitize the scientific community to the complexity of PAR homeostasis. Finally, we provide some perspective on how future research could try to disentangle the biology of PARylation - perhaps the most sophisticated, but still intricate posttranslational modification described to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schuhwerk
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Reham Atteya
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kanstantsin Siniuk
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Kari V, Mansour WY, Raul SK, Baumgart SJ, Mund A, Grade M, Sirma H, Simon R, Will H, Dobbelstein M, Dikomey E, Johnsen SA. Loss of CHD1 causes DNA repair defects and enhances prostate cancer therapeutic responsiveness. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:1609-1623. [PMID: 27596623 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201642352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The CHD1 gene, encoding the chromo-domain helicase DNA-binding protein-1, is one of the most frequently deleted genes in prostate cancer. Here, we examined the role of CHD1 in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in prostate cancer cells. We show that CHD1 is required for the recruitment of CtIP to chromatin and subsequent end resection during DNA DSB repair. Our data support a role for CHD1 in opening the chromatin around the DSB to facilitate the recruitment of homologous recombination (HR) proteins. Consequently, depletion of CHD1 specifically affects HR-mediated DNA repair but not non-homologous end joining. Together, we provide evidence for a previously unknown role of CHD1 in DNA DSB repair via HR and show that CHD1 depletion sensitizes cells to PARP inhibitors, which has potential therapeutic relevance. Our findings suggest that CHD1 deletion, like BRCA1/2 mutation in ovarian cancer, may serve as a marker for prostate cancer patient stratification and the utilization of targeted therapies such as PARP inhibitors, which specifically target tumors with HR defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Kari
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wael Yassin Mansour
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sanjay Kumar Raul
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simon J Baumgart
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mund
- Chromatin Structure and Function Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marian Grade
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hüseyin Sirma
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Will
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Dobbelstein
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Dikomey
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Gunn AR, Banos-Pinero B, Paschke P, Sanchez-Pulido L, Ariza A, Day J, Emrich M, Leys D, Ponting CP, Ahel I, Lakin ND. The role of ADP-ribosylation in regulating DNA interstrand crosslink repair. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3845-3858. [PMID: 27587838 PMCID: PMC5087659 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.193375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation by ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) has a well-established role in DNA strand break repair by promoting enrichment of repair factors at damage sites through ADP-ribose interaction domains. Here, we exploit the simple eukaryote Dictyostelium to uncover a role for ADP-ribosylation in regulating DNA interstrand crosslink repair and redundancy of this pathway with non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). In silico searches were used to identify a protein that contains a permutated macrodomain (which we call aprataxin/APLF-and-PNKP-like protein; APL). Structural analysis reveals that this permutated macrodomain retains features associated with ADP-ribose interactions and that APL is capable of binding poly(ADP-ribose) through this macrodomain. APL is enriched in chromatin in response to cisplatin treatment, an agent that induces DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). This is dependent on the macrodomain of APL and the ART Adprt2, indicating a role for ADP-ribosylation in the cellular response to cisplatin. Although adprt2− cells are sensitive to cisplatin, ADP-ribosylation is evident in these cells owing to redundant signalling by the double-strand break (DSB)-responsive ART Adprt1a, promoting NHEJ-mediated repair. These data implicate ADP-ribosylation in DNA ICL repair and identify that NHEJ can function to resolve this form of DNA damage in the absence of Adprt2. Summary: Here, we identify a role for post-translational modification ADP-ribosylation in the response to DNA interstrand crosslinks in the model Dictyostelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair R Gunn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Benito Banos-Pinero
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Peggy Paschke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Luis Sanchez-Pulido
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, The MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
| | - Antonio Ariza
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Joseph Day
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Mehera Emrich
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - David Leys
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street 131, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Chris P Ponting
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, The MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Nicholas D Lakin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Oza J, Ganguly B, Kulkarni A, Ginjala V, Yao M, Ganesan S. A Novel Role of Chromodomain Protein CBX8 in DNA Damage Response. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22881-22893. [PMID: 27555324 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.725879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of DNA damage induces a dynamic repair process involving DNA repair factors and epigenetic regulators. Chromatin alterations must occur for DNA repair factors to gain access to DNA lesions and restore original chromatin configuration to preserve the gene expression profile. We characterize the novel role of CBX8, a chromodomain-containing protein with established roles in epigenetic regulation in DNA damage response. CBX8 protein rapidly accumulates at the sites of DNA damage within 30 s and progresses to accumulate until 4 min before gradually dispersing back to its predamage distribution by 15 min. CBX8 recruitment to the sites of DNA damage is dependent upon PARP1 activation and not dependent on ATM activation. CBX8 biochemically interacts with TRIM33, and its recruitment to DNA damage is also dependent on the presence of TRIM33. Knockdown of CBX8 using siRNA significantly reduces the efficiency of both homologous and the other non-homologous recombination, as well as increases sensitivity of cells to ionizing radiation. These findings demonstrate that CBX8 functions in the PARP-dependent DNA damage response partly through interaction with TRIM33 and is required for efficient DNA repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Oza
- From the MD-PhD Program, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.,the Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers-Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.,the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and.,the Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766
| | - Bratati Ganguly
- the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and
| | - Atul Kulkarni
- the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and
| | - Vasudeva Ginjala
- the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and
| | - Ming Yao
- the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- the Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers-Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, .,the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, and
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
The Transcriptional Response to DNA-Double-Strand Breaks in Physcomitrella patens. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161204. [PMID: 27537368 PMCID: PMC4990234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The model bryophyte Physcomitrella patens is unique among plants in supporting the generation of mutant alleles by facile homologous recombination-mediated gene targeting (GT). Reasoning that targeted transgene integration occurs through the capture of transforming DNA by the homology-dependent pathway for DNA double-strand break (DNA-DSB) repair, we analysed the genome-wide transcriptomic response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage and generated mutants in candidate DNA repair genes. Massively parallel (Illumina) cDNA sequencing identified potential participants in gene targeting. Transcripts encoding DNA repair proteins active in multiple repair pathways were significantly up-regulated. These included Rad51, CtIP, DNA ligase 1, Replication protein A and ATR in homology-dependent repair, Xrcc4, DNA ligase 4, Ku70 and Ku80 in non-homologous end-joining and Rad1, Tebichi/polymerase theta, PARP in microhomology-mediated end-joining. Differentially regulated cell-cycle components included up-regulated Rad9 and Hus1 DNA-damage-related checkpoint proteins and down-regulated D-type cyclins and B-type CDKs, commensurate with the imposition of a checkpoint at G2 of the cell cycle characteristic of homology-dependent DNA-DSB repair. Candidate genes, including ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling helicases associated with repair and recombination, were knocked out and analysed for growth defects, hypersensitivity to DNA damage and reduced GT efficiency. Targeted knockout of PpCtIP, a cell-cycle activated mediator of homology-dependent DSB resection, resulted in bleomycin-hypersensitivity and greatly reduced GT efficiency.
Collapse
|
229
|
Li L, Shi L, Yang S, Yan R, Zhang D, Yang J, He L, Li W, Yi X, Sun L, Liang J, Cheng Z, Shi L, Shang Y, Yu W. SIRT7 is a histone desuccinylase that functionally links to chromatin compaction and genome stability. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12235. [PMID: 27436229 PMCID: PMC4961794 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although SIRT7 is a member of sirtuin family proteins that are described as NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases, the intrinsic enzymatic activity of this sirtuin protein remains to be investigated and the cellular function of SIRT7 remains to be explored. Here we report that SIRT7 is an NAD+-dependent histone desuccinylase. We show that SIRT7 is recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in a PARP1-dependent manner and catalyses desuccinylation of H3K122 therein, thereby promoting chromatin condensation and DSB repair. We demonstrate that depletion of SIRT7 impairs chromatin compaction during DNA-damage response and sensitizes cells to genotoxic stresses. Our study indicates SIRT7 is a histone desuccinylase, providing a molecular basis for the understanding of epigenetic regulation by this sirtuin protein. Our experiments reveal that SIRT7-catalysed H3K122 desuccinylation is critically implemented in DNA-damage response and cell survival, providing a mechanistic insight into the cellular function of SIRT7. SIRT7 is a member of sirtuin family proteins that are described as NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases. Here, the authors show that SIRT7 is histone desuccinylase catalysing H3K122 desuccinylation, thereby promoting chromatin condensation and repair of DNA double strand breaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shangda Yang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruorong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wanjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xia Yi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Luyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongyi Cheng
- Jingjie PTM BioLab Co. Ltd., Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Area, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Shi
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yongfeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wenhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Chen Q, Yao YT, Xu H, Chen YB, Gu M, Cai ZK, Wang Z. SPOCK1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis in human prostate cancer. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2311-21. [PMID: 27486308 PMCID: PMC4958368 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s91321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed noncutaneous cancer and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American males. Metastasis is the primary cause of prostate cancer mortality. Survival rate is only 28% for metastatic patients, but is nearly 100% for patients with localized prostate cancers. Molecular mechanisms that underlie this malignancy remain obscure, and this study investigated the role of SPARC/osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domain proteoglycan 1 (SPOCK1) in prostate cancer progression. Initially, we found that SPOCK1 expression was significantly higher in prostate cancer tissues relative to noncancerous tissues. In particular, SPOCK1 expression was also markedly high in metastatic tissues compared with nonmetastatic cancerous tissues. SPOCK1 expression knockdown by specific short hairpin RNA in PC3 cells was significantly inhibited, whereas SPOCK1 overexpression in RWPE-1 cells promoted cell viability, colony formation in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, the SPOCK1 knockdown in PC3 cells was associated with cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, while the SPOCK1 overexpression in RWPE-1 cells induced cell cycle arrest in S phase. The SPOCK1 knockdown in PC3 cells even increased cell apoptosis. SPOCK1 modulation was also observed to affect cancerous cell proliferation and apoptotic processes in the mouse model of prostate cancer. Additionally, the SPOCK1 knockdown decreased, whereas the SPOCK1 overexpression increased cell migration and invasion abilities in vitro. Injection of SPOCK1-depleted PC3 cells significantly decreased metastatic nodules in mouse lungs. These findings suggest that SPOCK1 is a critical mediator of tumor growth and metastasis in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Yuan-Ting Yao
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Yan-Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Zhi-Kang Cai
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Jagot-Lacoussiere L, Kotula E, Villoutreix BO, Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, Poyet JL. A Cell-Penetrating Peptide Targeting AAC-11 Specifically Induces Cancer Cells Death. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5479-90. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
232
|
Jiang BH, Chen WY, Li HY, Chien Y, Chang WC, Hsieh PC, Wu P, Chen CY, Song HY, Chien CS, Sung YJ, Chiou SH. CHD1L Regulated PARP1-Driven Pluripotency and Chromatin Remodeling During the Early-Stage Cell Reprogramming. Stem Cells 2016. [PMID: 26201266 PMCID: PMC4832376 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PARP1 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) have been shown to be essential for the initial steps of cellular reprogramming. However, the mechanism underlying PARP1/PARylation-regulated activation of pluripotency loci remains undetermined. Here, we demonstrate that CHD1L, a DNA helicase, possesses chromatin remodeling activity and interacts with PARP1/PARylation in regulating pluripotency during reprogramming. We found that this interaction is mediated through the interplay of the CHD1L macro-domain and the PAR moiety of PARylated-PARP1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the co-occupancy of CHD1L and PARP1 at Pou5f1, Nanog, and Esrrb pluripotency loci. Knockdown of CHD1L significantly blocked the binding activity of PARP1 at pluripotency loci and inhibited the efficiency of PARP1-driven reprogramming. Notably, we found that CHD1L-promoted reprogramming requires both a PARP1-interacting domain and DNA helicase activity, partly contributing to the chromatin-remodeling states of pluripotency loci. Taken together, these results identify CHD1L as a key chromatin remodeler involved in PARP1/PARylation-regulated early-stage reprogramming and pluripotency in stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hua Jiang
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,VGH-YM Genomic/Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yang Li
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping Wu
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,VGH-YM Genomic/Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yung Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jen Sung
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Jubin T, Kadam A, Jariwala M, Bhatt S, Sutariya S, Gani AR, Gautam S, Begum R. The PARP family: insights into functional aspects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in cell growth and survival. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:421-37. [PMID: 27329285 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP family members can be found spread across all domains and continue to be essential molecules from lower to higher eukaryotes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), newly termed ADP-ribosyltransferase D-type 1 (ARTD1), is a ubiquitously expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) enzyme involved in key cellular processes such as DNA repair and cell death. This review assesses current developments in PARP-1 biology and activation signals for PARP-1, other than conventional DNA damage activation. Moreover, many essential functions of PARP-1 still remain elusive. PARP-1 is found to be involved in a myriad of cellular events via conservation of genomic integrity, chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. This article briefly focuses on its other equally important overlooked functions during growth, metabolic regulation, spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, epigenetics and differentiation. Understanding the role of PARP-1, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms in the cell and its dysregulation resulting in diseased states, will help in harnessing its true therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Jubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A Kadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - M Jariwala
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Sutariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A R Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - R Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Ghosh R, Roy S, Kamyab J, Danzter F, Franco S. Common and unique genetic interactions of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 with DNA double-strand break repair pathways. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 45:56-62. [PMID: 27373144 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, chromatin poly(ADP-ribos)ylation (PARylation) at sites of DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) is mediated by two highly related enzymes, PARP1 and PARP2. However, enzyme-specific genetic interactions with other DSB repair factors remain largely undefined. In this context, it was previously shown that mice lacking PARP1 and H2AX, a histone variant that promotes DSB repair throughout the cell cycle, or the core nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) factor Ku80 are not viable, while mice lacking PARP1 and the noncore NHEJ factor DNA-PKcs are severely growth retarded and markedly lymphoma-prone. Here, we have examined the requirement for PARP2 in these backgrounds. We find that, like PARP1, PARP2 is essential for viability in mice lacking H2AX. Moreover, treatment of H2AX-deficient primary fibroblasts or B lymphocytes with PARP inhibitors leads to activation of the G2/M checkpoint and accumulation of chromatid-type breaks in a lineage- and gene-dose dependent manner. In marked contrast to PARP1, loss of PARP2 does not result in additional phenotypes in growth, development or tumorigenesis in mice lacking either Ku80 or DNA-PKcs. Altogether these findings highlight specific nonoverlapping functions of PARP1 and PARP2 at H2AX-deficient chromatin during replicative phases of the cell cycle and uncover a unique requirement for PARP1 in NHEJ-deficient cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Ghosh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Sanchita Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Johan Kamyab
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Francoise Danzter
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Unit, University of Strasbourg, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Sonia Franco
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Wei H, Yu X. Functions of PARylation in DNA Damage Repair Pathways. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2016; 14:131-139. [PMID: 27240471 PMCID: PMC4936651 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a widespread post-translational modification at DNA lesions, which is catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). This modification regulates a number of biological processes including chromatin reorganization, DNA damage response (DDR), transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and mitosis. PARP1, functioning as a DNA damage sensor, can be activated by DNA lesions, forming PAR chains that serve as a docking platform for DNA repair factors with high biochemical complexity. Here, we highlight molecular insights into PARylation recognition, the expanding role of PARylation in DDR pathways, and the functional interaction between PARylation and ubiquitination, which will offer us a better understanding of the biological roles of this unique post-translational modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Wei
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Gibbs-Seymour I, Fontana P, Rack JGM, Ahel I. HPF1/C4orf27 Is a PARP-1-Interacting Protein that Regulates PARP-1 ADP-Ribosylation Activity. Mol Cell 2016; 62:432-442. [PMID: 27067600 PMCID: PMC4858568 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the identification of histone PARylation factor 1 (HPF1; also known as C4orf27) as a regulator of ADP-ribosylation signaling in the DNA damage response. HPF1/C4orf27 forms a robust protein complex with PARP-1 in cells and is recruited to DNA lesions in a PARP-1-dependent manner, but independently of PARP-1 catalytic ADP-ribosylation activity. Functionally, HPF1 promotes PARP-1-dependent in trans ADP-ribosylation of histones and limits DNA damage-induced hyper-automodification of PARP-1. Human cells lacking HPF1 exhibit sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and PARP inhibition, thereby suggesting an important role for HPF1 in genome maintenance and regulating the efficacy of PARP inhibitors. Collectively, our results demonstrate how a fundamental step in PARP-1-dependent ADP-ribosylation signaling is regulated and suggest that HPF1 functions at the crossroads of histone ADP-ribosylation and PARP-1 automodification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Gibbs-Seymour
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Pietro Fontana
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | | | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Liu M, Chen L, Ma NF, Chow RKK, Li Y, Song Y, Chan THM, Fang S, Yang X, Xi S, Jiang L, Li Y, Zeng TT, Li Y, Yuan YF, Guan XY. CHD1L promotes lineage reversion of hepatocellular carcinoma through opening chromatin for key developmental transcription factors. Hepatology 2016; 63:1544-59. [PMID: 27100146 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED High-grade tumors with poor differentiation usually show phenotypic resemblance to their developmental ancestral cells. Cancer cells that gain lineage precursor cell properties usually hijack developmental signaling pathways to promote tumor malignant progression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. In this study, the chromatin remodeler chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding-protein 1-like (CHD1L) was found closely associated with liver development and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor differentiation. Expression of CHD1L decreased during hepatocyte maturation and increased progressively from well-differentiated HCCs to poorly differentiated HCCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput deep sequencing found that CHD1L could bind to the genomic sequences of genes related to development. Bioinformatics-aided network analysis indicated that CHD1L-binding targets might form networks associated with developmental transcription factor activation and histone modification. Overexpression of CHD1L conferred ancestral precursor-like properties of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of CHD1L reversed tumor differentiation and sensitized HCC cells to sorafenib treatment. Mechanism studies revealed that overexpression of CHD1L could maintain an active "open chromatin" configuration at promoter regions of estrogen-related receptor-beta and transcription factor 4, both of which are important regulators of HCC self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, we found a significant correlation of CHD1L with developmental transcriptional factors and lineage differentiation markers in clinical HCC patients. CONCLUSION Genomic amplification of chromatin remodeler CHD1L might drive dedifferentiation of HCC toward an ancestral lineage through opening chromatin for key developmental transcriptional factors; further inhibition of CHD1L might "downgrade" poorly differentiated HCCs and provide novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Raymond Kwok Kei Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yangyang Song
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim Hon Man Chan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shaoyan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingxi Jiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting-Ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Fei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Bock FJ, Chang P. New directions in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase biology. FEBS J 2016; 283:4017-4031. [PMID: 27087568 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) regulate the function of target proteins by modifying them with ADP-ribose, a large and unique post-translational modification. Humans express 17 PARPs; however, historically, much of the focus has been on PARP1 and its function in DNA damage repair. Recent work has uncovered an amazing diversity of function for these enzymes including the regulation of fundamental physiological processes in the cell and at the organismal level, as well as new roles in regulating cellular stress responses. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in our understanding of this important protein family, and technological developments that have been critical for moving the field forward. Finally, we discuss new directions that we feel are important areas of further scientific exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian J Bock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
239
|
RNA-Seq reveals common and unique PXR- and CAR-target gene signatures in the mouse liver transcriptome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:1198-1217. [PMID: 27113289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) are well-known xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors with overlapping functions. However, there lacks a quantitative characterization to distinguish between the PXR and CAR target genes and signaling pathways in the liver. The present study performed a transcriptomic comparison of the PXR- and CAR-targets using RNA-Seq in livers of adult wild-type mice that were treated with the prototypical PXR ligand PCN (200mg/kg, i.p. once daily for 4days in corn oil) or the prototypical CAR ligand TCPOBOP (3mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 4days in corn oil). At the given doses, TCPOBOP differentially regulated many more genes (2125) than PCN (212), and 147 of the same genes were differentially regulated by both chemicals. As expected, the top pathways differentially regulated by both PCN and TCPOBOP were involved in xenobiotic metabolism, and they also up-regulated genes involved in retinoid metabolism, but down-regulated genes involved in inflammation and iron homeostasis. Regarding unique pathways, PXR activation appeared to overlap with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, whereas CAR activation appeared to overlap with the farnesoid X receptor signaling, acute-phase response, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The mRNAs of differentially regulated drug-processing genes (DPGs) partitioned into three patterns, namely TCPOBOP-induced, PCN-induced, as well as TCPOBOP-suppressed gene clusters. The cumulative mRNAs of the differentially regulated DPGs, phase-I and -II enzymes, as well as efflux transporters were all up-regulated by both PCN and TCPOBOPOP, whereas the cumulative mRNAs of the uptake transporters were down-regulated only by TCPOBOP. The absolute mRNA abundance in control and receptor-activated conditions was examined in each DPG category to predict the contribution of specific DPG genes in the PXR/CAR-mediated pharmacokinetic responses. The preferable differential regulation by TCPOBOP in the entire hepatic transcriptome correlated with a marked change in the expression of many DNA and histone epigenetic modifiers. In conclusion, the present study has revealed known and novel, as well as common and unique targets of PXR and CAR in mouse liver following pharmacological activation using their prototypical ligands. Results from this study will further support the role of these receptors in regulating the homeostasis of xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism in the liver, and aid in distinguishing between PXR and CAR signaling at various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Xenobiotic nuclear receptors: New Tricks for An Old Dog, edited by Dr. Wen Xie.
Collapse
|
240
|
D'Annessa I, Coletta A, Desideri A. Geometrical constraints limiting the poly(ADP-ribose) conformation investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. Biopolymers 2016; 101:78-86. [PMID: 23666795 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) is a post-transductional modification that regulates protein's function. Most of the proteins subjected to this control mechanism belong to machineries involved in DNA damage repair, or DNA interacting proteins. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymers are long chains of even 100 monomer length that can be branched at several positions but, not withstanding its importance, nothing is known concerning its structure. To understand, which are the geometrical parameters that confer to the polymer the structural constraints that determine its interaction with the target proteins, we have performed molecular dynamics of three chains of different length, made by 5, 25, and 30 units, the last one being branched. Analysis of the simulations allowed us to identify the main intra- and inter-monomer dihedral angles that govern the structure of the polymer that however, does not reach a unique definite conformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilda D'Annessa
- Department of Biology and Centro di Bioinformatica e Biostatistica, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
241
|
Pellegrino S, Altmeyer M. Interplay between Ubiquitin, SUMO, and Poly(ADP-Ribose) in the Cellular Response to Genotoxic Stress. Front Genet 2016; 7:63. [PMID: 27148359 PMCID: PMC4835507 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells employ a complex network of molecular pathways to cope with endogenous and exogenous genotoxic stress. This multilayered response ensures that genomic lesions are efficiently detected and faithfully repaired in order to safeguard genome integrity. The molecular choreography at sites of DNA damage relies heavily on post-translational modifications (PTMs). Protein modifications with ubiquitin and the small ubiquitin-like modifier SUMO have recently emerged as important regulatory means to coordinate DNA damage signaling and repair. Both ubiquitylation and SUMOylation can lead to extensive chain-like protein modifications, a feature that is shared with yet another DNA damage-induced PTM, the modification of proteins with poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). Chains of ubiquitin, SUMO, and PAR all contribute to the multi-protein assemblies found at sites of DNA damage and regulate their spatio-temporal dynamics. Here, we review recent advancements in our understanding of how ubiquitin, SUMO, and PAR coordinate the DNA damage response and highlight emerging examples of an intricate interplay between these chain-like modifications during the cellular response to genotoxic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Altmeyer
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of ZurichZürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Liu C, Yu X. ADP-ribosyltransferases and poly ADP-ribosylation. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2016; 16:491-501. [PMID: 25938242 DOI: 10.2174/1389203716666150504122435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein ADP-ribosylation is an important posttranslational modification that plays versatile roles in multiple biological processes. ADP-ribosylation is catalyzed by a group of enzymes known as ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs). Using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) as the donor, ARTs covalently link single or multiple ADP-ribose moieties from NAD(+) to the substrates, forming mono ADP-ribosylation or poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation). Novel functions of ARTs and ADPribosylation have been revealed over the past few years. Here we summarize the current knowledge on ARTs and PARylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaochun Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Ganguly B, Dolfi SC, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Ganesan S, Hirshfield KM. Role of Biomarkers in the Development of PARP Inhibitors. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:15-25. [PMID: 26997874 PMCID: PMC4786099 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s36679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Defects in DNA repair lead to genomic instability and play a critical role in cancer development. Understanding the process by which DNA damage repair is altered or bypassed in cancer may identify novel therapeutic targets and lead to improved patient outcomes. Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has an important role in DNA repair, and novel therapeutics targeting PARP1 have been developed to treat cancers with defective DNA repair pathways. Despite treatment successes with PARP inhibitors (PARPi), intrinsic and acquired resistances have been observed. Preclinical studies and clinical trials in cancer suggest that combination therapy using PARPi and platinating agents is more effective than monotherapy in circumventing drug resistance mechanisms. Additionally, identification of biomarkers in response to PARPi will lead to improved patient selection for targeted cancer treatment. Recent technological advances have provided the necessary tools to examine many potential avenues to develop such biomarkers. This review examines the mechanistic rationale of PARP inhibition and potential biomarkers in their development for personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Ganguly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sonia C. Dolfi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kim M. Hirshfield
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Rack JGM, Perina D, Ahel I. Macrodomains: Structure, Function, Evolution, and Catalytic Activities. Annu Rev Biochem 2016; 85:431-54. [PMID: 26844395 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments indicate that macrodomains, an ancient and diverse protein domain family, are key players in the recognition, interpretation, and turnover of ADP-ribose (ADPr) signaling. Crucial to this is the ability of macrodomains to recognize ADPr either directly, in the form of a metabolic derivative, or as a modification covalently bound to proteins. Thus, macrodomains regulate a wide variety of cellular and organismal processes, including DNA damage repair, signal transduction, and immune response. Their importance is further indicated by the fact that dysregulation or mutation of a macrodomain is associated with several diseases, including cancer, developmental defects, and neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize the current insights into macrodomain evolution and how this evolution influenced their structural and functional diversification. We highlight some aspects of macrodomain roles in pathobiology as well as their emerging potential as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dragutin Perina
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10002, Croatia;
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; ,
| |
Collapse
|
245
|
Kossatz S, Weber WA, Reiner T. Optical Imaging of PARP1 in Response to Radiation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147752. [PMID: 26808835 PMCID: PMC4726809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting and inhibiting DNA repair pathways is a powerful strategy of controlling malignant growth. One such strategy includes the inhibition of PARP1, a central element in the intracellular DNA damage response. To determine and visualize the expression and intercellular distribution of PARP1 in vivo, and to monitor the pharmacokinetics of PARP1 targeted therapeutics, fluorescent small probes were developed. To date, however, it is unclear how these probes behave in a more realistic clinical setting, where DNA damage has been induced through one or more prior lines of therapy. Here, we use one such imaging agent, PARPi-FL, in tissues both with and without prior DNA damage, and investigate its value as a probe for PARP1 imaging. We show that PARP1 expression in oral cancer is high, and that the uptake of PARPi-FL is selective, irrespective of whether cells were exposed to irradiation or not. We also show that PARPi-FL uptake increases in response to DNA damage, and that this increase is reflected in higher enzyme expression. Our findings provide a framework for measuring exposure of cells to external beam radiation, and could help to elucidate the effects of such treatments non-invasively in mouse models of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang A. Weber
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Zou LH, Shang ZF, Tan W, Liu XD, Xu QZ, Song M, Wang Y, Guan H, Zhang SM, Yu L, Zhong CG, Zhou PK. TNKS1BP1 functions in DNA double-strand break repair though facilitating DNA-PKcs autophosphorylation dependent on PARP-1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:7011-22. [PMID: 25749521 PMCID: PMC4466666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TNKS1BP1 was originally identified as an interaction protein of tankyrase 1, which belongs to the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily. PARP members play important roles for example in DNA repair, telomere stability and mitosis regulation. Although the TNKS1BP1 protein was considered to be a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation acceptor of tankyrase 1, its function is still unknown. Here we firstly identified that TNKS1BP1 was up-regulated by ionizing radiation (IR) and the depletion of TNKS1BP1 significantly sensitized cancer cells to IR. Neutral comet assay, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and γH2AX foci analysis indicated that TNKS1BP1 is required for the efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). The TNKS1BP1 protein was demonstrated to interact with DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), by co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Moreover, TNKS1BP1 was shown to promote the association of PARP-1 and DNA-PKcs. Overexpression of TNKS1BP1 induced the autophosphorylation of DNA-PKcs/Ser2056 in a PARP-1 dependent manner, which contributed to an increased capability of DNA DSB repair. Inhibition of PARP-1 blocked the TNKS1BP1-mediated DNA-PKcs autophosphorylation and attenuated the PARylation of DNA-PKcs. TNKS1BP1 is a newly described component of the DNA DSB repair machinery, which provides much more mechanistic evidence for the rationale of developing effective anticancer measures by targeting PARP-1 and DNA-PKcs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Hong Zou
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.,School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Dan Liu
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Zhi Xu
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Man Song
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.,School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Meng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cai-Gao Zhong
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, P. R. China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.,School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
ATM kinase: Much more than a DNA damage responsive protein. DNA Repair (Amst) 2015; 39:1-20. [PMID: 26777338 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ATM, mutation of which causes Ataxia telangiectasia, has emerged as a cardinal multifunctional protein kinase during past two decades as evidenced by various studies from around the globe. Further to its well established and predominant role in DNA damage response, ATM has also been understood to help in maintaining overall functional integrity of cells; since its mutation, inactivation or deficiency results in a variety of pathological manifestations besides DNA damage. These include oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome, mitochondrial dysfunction as well as neurodegeneration. Recently, high throughput screening using proteomics, metabolomics and transcriptomic studies revealed several proteins which might be acting as substrates of ATM. Studies that can help in identifying effective regulatory controls within the ATM-mediated pathways/mechanisms can help in developing better therapeutics. In fact, more in-depth understanding of ATM-dependent cellular signals could also help in the treatment of variety of other disease conditions since these pathways seem to control many critical cellular functions. In this review, we have attempted to put together a detailed yet lucid picture of the present-day understanding of ATM's role in various pathophysiological conditions involving DNA damage and beyond.
Collapse
|
248
|
Teloni F, Altmeyer M. Readers of poly(ADP-ribose): designed to be fit for purpose. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:993-1006. [PMID: 26673700 PMCID: PMC4756826 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate many aspects of protein function and are indispensable for the spatio-temporal regulation of cellular processes. The proteome-wide identification of PTM targets has made significant progress in recent years, as has the characterization of their writers, readers, modifiers and erasers. One of the most elusive PTMs is poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), a nucleic acid-like PTM involved in chromatin dynamics, genome stability maintenance, transcription, cell metabolism and development. In this article, we provide an overview on our current understanding of the writers of this modification and their targets, as well as the enzymes that degrade and thereby modify and erase poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). Since many cellular functions of PARylation are exerted through dynamic interactions of PAR-binding proteins with PAR, we discuss the readers of this modification and provide a synthesis of recent findings, which suggest that multiple structurally highly diverse reader modules, ranging from completely folded PAR-binding domains to intrinsically disordered sequence stretches, evolved as PAR effectors to carry out specific cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Teloni
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Altmeyer
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation Affects Histone Acetylation and Transcription. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144287. [PMID: 26636673 PMCID: PMC4670112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a posttranslational protein modification catalyzed by members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme family. PARylation regulates a wide variety of biological processes in most eukaryotic cells including energy metabolism and cell death, maintenance of genomic stability, chromatin structure and transcription. Inside the nucleus, cross-talk between PARylation and other epigenetic modifications, such as DNA and histone methylation, was already described. In the present work, using PJ34 or ABT888 to inhibit PARP activity or over-expressing poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), we show decrease of global histone H3 and H4 acetylation. This effect is accompanied by a reduction of the steady state mRNA level of p300, Pcaf, and Tnfα, but not of Dnmt1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses, performed at the level of the Transcription Start Site (TSS) of these four genes, reveal that changes in histone acetylation are specific for each promoter. Finally, we demonstrate an increase of global deacetylase activity in nuclear extracts from cells treated with PJ34, whereas global acetyltransferase activity is not affected, suggesting a role for PARP in the inhibition of histone deacetylases. Taken together, these results show an important link between PARylation and histone acetylation regulated transcription.
Collapse
|
250
|
Dantuma NP, van Attikum H. Spatiotemporal regulation of posttranslational modifications in the DNA damage response. EMBO J 2015; 35:6-23. [PMID: 26628622 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201592595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A timely and accurate cellular response to DNA damage requires tight regulation of the action of DNA damage response (DDR) proteins at lesions. A multitude of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of chromatin and chromatin-associated proteins coordinates the recruitment of critical proteins that dictate the appropriate DNA repair pathway and enable the actual repair of lesions. Phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, neddylation, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, acetylation, and methylation are among the DNA damage-induced PTMs that have taken center stage as important DDR regulators. Redundant and multivalent interactions of DDR proteins with PTMs may not only be a means to facilitate efficient relocalization, but also a feature that allows high temporal and spatial resolution of protein recruitment to, and extraction from, DNA damage sites. In this review, we will focus on the complex interplay between such PTMs, and discuss the importance of their interconnectivity in coding DNA lesions and maintaining the integrity of the genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nico P Dantuma
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haico van Attikum
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|