201
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Bai T, Gu N. Micro/Nanoscale Thermometry for Cellular Thermal Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4590-610. [PMID: 27172908 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a key parameter to regulate cell function, and biochemical reactions inside a cell in turn affect the intracellular temperature. It's vitally necessary to measure cellular temperature to provide sufficient information to fully understand life science, while the conventional methods are incompetent. Over the last decade, many ingenious thermometers have been developed with the help of nanotechnology, and real-time intracellular temperature measurement at the micro/nanoscale has been realized with high temporal-spatial resolution. With the help of these techniques, several mechanisms of thermogenesis inside cells have been investigated, even in subcellular organelles. Here, current developments in cellular thermometers are highlighted, and a picture of their applications in cell biology is presented. In particular, temperature measurement principle, thermometer design and latest achievements are also introduced. Finally, the existing opportunities and challenges in this ongoing field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China.
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202
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Musolino S, Schartner EP, Tsiminis G, Salem A, Monro TM, Hutchinson MR. Portable optical fiber probe for in vivo brain temperature measurements. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:3069-3077. [PMID: 27570698 PMCID: PMC4986814 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the development of an optical fiber based probe for in vivo measurements of brain temperature. By utilizing a thin layer of rare-earth doped tellurite glass on the tip of a conventional silica optical fiber a robust probe, suitable for long-term in vivo measurements of temperature can be fabricated. This probe can be interrogated using a portable optical measurement setup, allowing for measurements to be performed outside of standard optical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Musolino
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Erik P. Schartner
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Georgios Tsiminis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Abdallah Salem
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Tanya M. Monro
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- The University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Mark R. Hutchinson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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203
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Garziano L, Macrì V, Stassi R, Di Stefano O, Nori F, Savasta S. One Photon Can Simultaneously Excite Two or More Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:043601. [PMID: 27494471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.043601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We consider two separate atoms interacting with a single-mode optical or microwave resonator. When the frequency of the resonator field is twice the atomic transition frequency, we show that there exists a resonant coupling between one photon and two atoms, via intermediate virtual states connected by counterrotating processes. If the resonator is prepared in its one-photon state, the photon can be jointly absorbed by the two atoms in their ground state which will both reach their excited state with a probability close to one. Like ordinary quantum Rabi oscillations, this process is coherent and reversible, so that two atoms in their excited state will undergo a downward transition jointly emitting a single cavity photon. This joint absorption and emission process can also occur with three atoms. The parameters used to investigate this process correspond to experimentally demonstrated values in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Garziano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
- CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Vincenzo Macrì
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Stassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
- CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Omar Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Franco Nori
- CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
- CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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204
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Abstract
Fibrous structures are an integral and dynamic feature of soft biological tissues that are directly related to the tissues' condition and function. A greater understanding of mechanical tissue behavior can be gained through quantitative analyses of structure alone, as well as its integration into computational models of soft tissue function. Histology and other nonoptical techniques have traditionally dominated the field of tissue imaging, but they are limited by their invasiveness, inability to provide resolution on the micrometer scale, and dynamic information. Recent advances in optical modalities can provide higher resolution, less invasive imaging capabilities, and more quantitative measurements. Here we describe contemporary optical imaging techniques with respect to their suitability in the imaging of tissue structure, with a focus on characterization and implementation into subsequent modeling efforts. We outline the applications and limitations of each modality and discuss the overall shortcomings and future directions for optical imaging of soft tissue structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Goth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - John Lesicko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Center for Cardiovascular Simulation, and
| | - Michael S Sacks
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Center for Cardiovascular Simulation, and
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712;
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205
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Su L, Huang L, Xu Y, Zhang C, Song Z. Quantitative Analysis of Collagen Produced by Rabbit Keratocytes using Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:195-200. [PMID: 27399973 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1180398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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206
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McLeod E, Ozcan A. Unconventional methods of imaging: computational microscopy and compact implementations. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:076001. [PMID: 27214407 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/7/076001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades or so, there has been a renaissance of optical microscopy research and development. Much work has been done in an effort to improve the resolution and sensitivity of microscopes, while at the same time to introduce new imaging modalities, and make existing imaging systems more efficient and more accessible. In this review, we look at two particular aspects of this renaissance: computational imaging techniques and compact imaging platforms. In many cases, these aspects go hand-in-hand because the use of computational techniques can simplify the demands placed on optical hardware in obtaining a desired imaging performance. In the first main section, we cover lens-based computational imaging, in particular, light-field microscopy, structured illumination, synthetic aperture, Fourier ptychography, and compressive imaging. In the second main section, we review lensfree holographic on-chip imaging, including how images are reconstructed, phase recovery techniques, and integration with smart substrates for more advanced imaging tasks. In the third main section we describe how these and other microscopy modalities have been implemented in compact and field-portable devices, often based around smartphones. Finally, we conclude with some comments about opportunities and demand for better results, and where we believe the field is heading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan McLeod
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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207
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Zhang Z, Wu J, Shang Z, Wang C, Cheng J, Qian X, Xiao Y, Xu Z, Yang Y. Photocalibrated NO Release from N-Nitrosated Napthalimides upon One-Photon or Two-Photon Irradiation. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7274-80. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chao Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | | | | | - Yi Xiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
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208
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Woo SJ, Park S, Jeong JE, Hong Y, Ku M, Kim BY, Jang IH, Heo SC, Wang T, Kim KH, Yang J, Kim JH, Woo HY. Synthesis and Characterization of Water-Soluble Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Biological Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15937-15947. [PMID: 27267787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores attract increasing attention as a molecular marker (or probe) for in vivo and in vitro biological fluorescence imaging. Three types of new NIR fluorescent conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs: Q-FlTBTTFl, Q-FlBBTFl, and Q-FlTBBTTFl) are synthesized with quaternized ammonium ionic groups in their side-chains for water solubility. The emission wavelength is modulated in the range 600-1300 nm, by adjusting the intramolecular charge transfer in the molecular backbone based on the electron-rich fluorene (and/or thiophene) and electron-deficient benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole (or benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole) moieties. The COEs show a remarkably larger Stokes shift (147-276 nm) compared to commercial rhodamine and cyanine dyes in water, avoiding self-quenching and interference from the excitation backscattered light. The photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency is improved substantially by up to 27.8% in water by fabricating a vesicular complex, COE/v, with a block ionomer, poly[(ethylene oxide)-block-(sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate)]. In vitro cellular uptake images with the COEs are obtained with good biocompatibility by confocal single-photon and two-photon microscopy. The ex vivo and in vivo images of a mouse xenograft model treated with the Q-FlBBTFl/v exhibit a substantially stronger fluorescence signal at the tumor site than at the other organs, highlighting the potential of the COE/v as an NIR fluorescent imaging agent for the diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Jae Woo
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University , Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoochan Hong
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Ku
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Yun Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Heo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejun Wang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hean Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoon Yang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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209
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Ruan Y, Dan D, Zhang M, Bai M, Lei M, Yao B, Yang X. Visualization of the 3D structures of small organisms via LED-SIM. Front Zool 2016; 13:26. [PMID: 27303437 PMCID: PMC4906844 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Innovative new techniques that aid in the visualization of microscopic anatomical structures have improved our understanding of organismal biology significantly. It is often challenging to observe internal 3D structures, despite the use of techniques such as confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and others. In the current paper, we assess LED-SIM (DMD-based LED-illumination structured illumination microscopy), which facilitates the acquisition of nano- and micro-3D structures of small organisms in a high-resolution format (500 nm in the XY-plane and 930 nm along the Z-axis). Results We compare other microstructural imaging techniques (involving conventional optical microscopy, CLSM and Micro-CT) with LED-SIM to assess the quality (e.g. resolution, penetration depth, etc.) of LED-SIM images, as well as to document the potential short-comings of LED-SIM. Based on these results we present an optimized set of protocols to ensure that LED-SIM arthropod and nematode samples with different cuticles or textures are prepared for analysis in an optimal manner. Six arthropod and nematode specimens were tested and shown to be suitable for LED-SIM imaging, which was found to yield high resolution 3D images. Conclusions Although LED-SIM still must be thoroughly tested before it is widely accepted and the Z-axis resolution still requires improvement, this technique offers distinct high quality 3D images. LED-SIM can be highly effective and may provide high quality 3D images for zoological studies following the guidelines of sample preparation presented in the current paper. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0158-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongying Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Dan Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Baoli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119 China
| | - Xingke Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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210
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In vivo 3D measurement of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin distributions in the mouse cornea using multiphoton microscopy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25339. [PMID: 27138688 PMCID: PMC4853790 DOI: 10.1038/srep25339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotics used in the clinic to prevent or treat ocular infections. Their pharmacokinetics in the cornea is usually measured from extracted ocular fluids or tissues, and in vivo direct measurement is difficult. In this study multiphoton microscopy (MPM), which is a 3D optical microscopic technique based on multiphoton fluorescence, was applied to the measurement of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin distribution in the cornea. Intrinsic multiphoton fluorescence properties of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were characterized, and their distributions in mouse cornea in vivo were measured by 3D MPM imaging. Both moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin had similar multiphoton spectra, while moxifloxacin had stronger fluorescence than gatifloxacin. MPM imaging of mouse cornea in vivo showed (1) moxifloxacin had good penetration through the superficial corneal epithelium, while gatifloxacin had relatively poor penetration, (2) both ophthalmic solutions had high intracellular distribution. In vivo MPM results were consistent with previous studies. This study demonstrates the feasibility of MPM as a method for in vivo direct measurement of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin in the cornea.
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211
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Stoltzfus CR, Rebane A. Optimizing ultrafast illumination for multiphoton-excited fluorescence imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:1768-82. [PMID: 27231620 PMCID: PMC4871080 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the optimal conditions for high throughput two-photon excited fluorescence (2PEF) and three-photon excited fluorescence (3PEF) imaging using femtosecond lasers. We derive relations that allow maximization of the rate of imaging depending on the average power, pulse repetition rate, and noise characteristics of the laser, as well as on the size and structure of the sample. We perform our analysis using ~100 MHz, ~1 MHz and 1 kHz pulse rates and using both a tightly-focused illumination beam with diffraction-limited image resolution, as well loosely focused illumination with a relatively low image resolution, where the latter utilizes separate illumination and fluorescence detection beam paths. Our theoretical estimates agree with the experiments, which makes our approach especially useful for optimizing high throughput imaging of large samples with a field-of-view up to 10x10 cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksander Rebane
- Physics Department, Montana State University, Bozeman MT 59717, USA
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
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212
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Dahal S, Cullum BM. Characterization of multiphoton photoacoustic spectroscopy for subsurface brain tissue diagnosis and imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:47001. [PMID: 27086691 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.4.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development and demonstration of a multiphoton photoacoustic imaging technique capable of providing high spatial resolution chemical images of subsurface tissue components as deep as 1.4 cm below the tissue surface is described. By combining multiphoton excitation in the diagnostic window (650 to 1100 nm), with ultrasonic detection of nonradiative relaxation events, it is possible to rapidly reconstruct three-dimensional, chemical specific, images of samples underneath overlying structures as well as chemical species of the same material. Demonstration of this technique for subsurface tissue differentiation is shown, with the ability to distinguish between grade III astrocytoma tissue and adjacent healthy tissue in blind studies. By employing photoacoustic signal detection, the high nonradiative relaxation rates of most biological tissue components (>90% >90% ) and the minimal signal attenuation of the resulting ultrasound compensate for excitation efficiency losses associated with two-photon absorption. Furthermore, the two-photon absorption process results in a highly localized excitation volume (ca., 60 μm 60 μm ). Characterization of the probing depth, spatial resolution, and ability to image through overlying structures is also demonstrated in this paper using tissue phantoms with well-characterized optical scattering properties, mimicking those of tissues.
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213
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Zhang X, Xu C, Ren Z. A simple and general strategy for generating frequency-anticorrelated photon pairs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24509. [PMID: 27087255 PMCID: PMC4834487 DOI: 10.1038/srep24509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, two-photon excitation microscopy is the method of choice for imaging living cells within thick specimen. A remaining problem for this technique is the damage caused by the high photon flux in the excitation region. To reduce the required flux, a promising solution is to use highly frequency-anticorrelated photon pairs, which are known to induce two-photon transitions much more efficiently. It is still an open question what the best scheme is for generating such photon pairs. Here we propose one simple general strategy for this task. As an example, we show explicitly that this general strategy can be realized faithfully within the widely applicable coherently pumped Jaynes-Cummings model. It is shown quantitatively that this strategy can generate highly frequency-anticorrelated photon pairs which can dramatically enhance two-photon excitation efficiency. We believe the proposed strategy can guide new designs for generating frequency-anticorrelated photon pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Center of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhongzhou Ren
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Center of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy-Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000, China
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214
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Stoltzfus CR, Rebane A. High contrast two-photon imaging of fingermarks. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24142. [PMID: 27053515 PMCID: PMC4823789 DOI: 10.1038/srep24142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically-acquired fingermarks are widely used as evidence across law enforcement agencies as well as in the courts of law. A common technique for visualizing latent fingermarks on nonporous surfaces consists of cyanoacrylate fuming of the fingerprint material, followed by impregnation with a fluorescent dye, which under ultra violet (UV) illumination makes the fingermarks visible and thus accessible for digital recording. However, there exist critical circumstances, when the image quality is compromised due to high background scattering, high auto-fluorescence of the substrate material, or other detrimental photo-physical and photo-chemical effects such as light-induced damage to the sample. Here we present a novel near-infrared (NIR), two-photon induced fluorescence imaging modality, which significantly enhances the quality of the fingermark images, especially when obtained from highly reflective and/or scattering surfaces, while at the same time reducing photo-damage to sensitive forensic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb R Stoltzfus
- Physics Department, Montana State University, Bozeman MT. 59717, USA
| | - Aleksander Rebane
- Physics Department, Montana State University, Bozeman MT. 59717, USA.,National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia, 12618
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215
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Amato SP, Pan F, Schwartz J, Ragan TM. Whole Brain Imaging with Serial Two-Photon Tomography. Front Neuroanat 2016; 10:31. [PMID: 27047350 PMCID: PMC4802409 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging entire mouse brains at submicron resolution has historically been a challenging undertaking and largely confined to the province of dedicated atlasing initiatives. This has limited systematic investigations into important areas of neuroscience, such as neural circuits, brain mapping and neurodegeneration. In this article, we describe in detail Serial Two-Photon (STP) tomography, a robust, reliable method for imaging entire brains with histological detail. We provide examples of how the basic methodology can be extended to other imaging modalities, such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), in order to provide unique contrast mechanisms. Furthermore, we provide a survey of the research that STP tomography has enabled in the field of neuroscience, provide examples of how this technology enables quantitative whole brain studies, and discuss the current limitations of STP tomography-based approaches.
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216
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Peng H, Tang H, Jiang J. Recent progress in gold nanoparticle-based biosensing and cellular imaging. Sci China Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-5570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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217
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Liuzzi R, Carciati A, Guido S, Caserta S. Transport efficiency in transdermal drug delivery: What is the role of fluid microstructure? Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 139:294-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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218
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Fischer MC, Wilson JW, Robles FE, Warren WS. Invited Review Article: Pump-probe microscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:031101. [PMID: 27036751 PMCID: PMC4798998 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy has rapidly gained popularity in biomedical imaging and materials science because of its ability to provide three-dimensional images at high spatial and temporal resolution even in optically scattering environments. Currently the majority of commercial and home-built devices are based on two-photon fluorescence and harmonic generation contrast. These two contrast mechanisms are relatively easy to measure but can access only a limited range of endogenous targets. Recent developments in fast laser pulse generation, pulse shaping, and detection technology have made accessible a wide range of optical contrasts that utilize multiple pulses of different colors. Molecular excitation with multiple pulses offers a large number of adjustable parameters. For example, in two-pulse pump-probe microscopy, one can vary the wavelength of each excitation pulse, the detection wavelength, the timing between the excitation pulses, and the detection gating window after excitation. Such a large parameter space can provide much greater molecular specificity than existing single-color techniques and allow for structural and functional imaging without the need for exogenous dyes and labels, which might interfere with the system under study. In this review, we provide a tutorial overview, covering principles of pump-probe microscopy and experimental setup, challenges associated with signal detection and data processing, and an overview of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Jesse W Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Francisco E Robles
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Departments of Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, Physics, and Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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219
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Chen Y, Guan R, Zhang C, Huang J, Ji L, Chao H. Two-photon luminescent metal complexes for bioimaging and cancer phototherapy. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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220
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Faure E, Savy T, Rizzi B, Melani C, Stašová O, Fabrèges D, Špir R, Hammons M, Čúnderlík R, Recher G, Lombardot B, Duloquin L, Colin I, Kollár J, Desnoulez S, Affaticati P, Maury B, Boyreau A, Nief JY, Calvat P, Vernier P, Frain M, Lutfalla G, Kergosien Y, Suret P, Remešíková M, Doursat R, Sarti A, Mikula K, Peyriéras N, Bourgine P. A workflow to process 3D+time microscopy images of developing organisms and reconstruct their cell lineage. Nat Commun 2016; 7:8674. [PMID: 26912388 PMCID: PMC4773431 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantitative and systematic analysis of embryonic cell dynamics from in vivo 3D+time image data sets is a major challenge at the forefront of developmental biology. Despite recent breakthroughs in the microscopy imaging of living systems, producing an accurate cell lineage tree for any developing organism remains a difficult task. We present here the BioEmergences workflow integrating all reconstruction steps from image acquisition and processing to the interactive visualization of reconstructed data. Original mathematical methods and algorithms underlie image filtering, nucleus centre detection, nucleus and membrane segmentation, and cell tracking. They are demonstrated on zebrafish, ascidian and sea urchin embryos with stained nuclei and membranes. Subsequent validation and annotations are carried out using Mov-IT, a custom-made graphical interface. Compared with eight other software tools, our workflow achieved the best lineage score. Delivered in standalone or web service mode, BioEmergences and Mov-IT offer a unique set of tools for in silico experimental embryology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Faure
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Research Center in Applied Epistemology (CREA, UMR7656), CNRS and Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Savy
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Research Center in Applied Epistemology (CREA, UMR7656), CNRS and Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Barbara Rizzi
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Electronics, Information and Systems, University of Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Camilo Melani
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Electronics, Information and Systems, University of Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Olga Stašová
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dimitri Fabrèges
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Róbert Špir
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mark Hammons
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Róbert Čúnderlík
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gaëlle Recher
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Lombardot
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Research Center in Applied Epistemology (CREA, UMR7656), CNRS and Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Louise Duloquin
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ingrid Colin
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jozef Kollár
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sophie Desnoulez
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Affaticati
- Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Maury
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Adeline Boyreau
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Yves Nief
- Computing Center of the National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics (CC-IN2P3, USR6402), CNRS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pascal Calvat
- Computing Center of the National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics (CC-IN2P3, USR6402), CNRS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Vernier
- Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Monique Frain
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Georges Lutfalla
- Dynamics of Membrane Interactions in Normal and Pathological Cells (DIMNP, UMR5235), CNRS and Université Montpellier 2, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Yannick Kergosien
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Medical Informatics and Knowledge Engineering in e-Health (LIMICS, UMR1142), CNRS and Université Paris 13, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Pierre Suret
- Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory (UMR8523), CNRS and Université Lille 1-Science and Technology, 59650 Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Mariana Remešíková
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - René Doursat
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Research Center in Applied Epistemology (CREA, UMR7656), CNRS and Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alessandro Sarti
- Department of Electronics, Information and Systems, University of Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Karol Mikula
- Department of Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry, Slovak University of Technology, 81005 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nadine Peyriéras
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paul Bourgine
- Complex Systems Institute Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF, UPS3611), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Research Center in Applied Epistemology (CREA, UMR7656), CNRS and Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, France
- Multiscale Dynamics in Animal Morphogenesis (MDAM), Neurobiology & Development (N&D, UPR3294), CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- BioEmergences Laboratory (USR3695), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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221
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Chen B, Feng G, He B, Goh C, Xu S, Ramos-Ortiz G, Aparicio-Ixta L, Zhou J, Ng L, Zhao Z, Liu B, Tang BZ. Silole-Based Red Fluorescent Organic Dots for Bright Two-Photon Fluorescence In vitro Cell and In vivo Blood Vessel Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:782-92. [PMID: 26701147 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Robust luminescent dyes with efficient two-photon fluorescence are highly desirable for biological imaging applications, but those suitable for organic dots fabrication are still rare because of aggregation-caused quenching. In this work, a red fluorescent silole, 2,5-bis[5-(dimesitylboranyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1-methyl-1,3,4-triphenylsilole ((MesB)2 DTTPS), is synthesized and characterized. (MesB)2 DTTPS exhibits enhanced fluorescence efficiency in nanoaggregates, indicative of aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE). The organic dots fabricated by encapsulating (MesB)2 DTTPS within lipid-PEG show red fluorescence peaking at 598 nm and a high fluorescence quantum yield of 32%. Upon excitation at 820 nm, the dots show a large two-photon absorption cross section of 3.43 × 10(5) GM, which yields a two-photon action cross section of 1.09 × 10(5) GM. These (MesB)2 DTTPS dots show good biocompatibility and are successfully applied to one-photon and two-photon fluorescence imaging of MCF-7 cells and two-photon in vivo visualization of the blood vascular of mouse muscle in a high-contrast and noninvasive manner. Moreover, the 3D blood vasculature located at the mouse ear skin with a depth of over 100 μm can also be visualized clearly, providing the spatiotemporal information about the whole blood vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585
| | - Bairong He
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chiching Goh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore, 138648
| | - Shidang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585
| | | | | | - Jian Zhou
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Laiguan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore, 138648
| | - Zujin Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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222
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Jang WH, Shim S, Wang T, Yoon Y, Jang WS, Myung JK, Park S, Kim KH. In vivo characterization of early-stage radiation skin injury in a mouse model by two-photon microscopy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19216. [PMID: 26755422 PMCID: PMC4709756 DOI: 10.1038/srep19216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) injury is tissue damage caused by high energy electromagnetic waves such as X-ray and gamma ray. Diagnosis and treatment of IR injury are difficult due to its characteristics of clinically latent post-irradiation periods and the following successive and unpredictable inflammatory bursts. Skin is one of the many sensitive organs to IR and bears local injury upon exposure. Early-stage diagnosis of IR skin injury is essential in order to maximize treatment efficiency and to prevent the aggravation of IR injury. In this study, early-stage changes of the IR injured skin at the cellular level were characterized in an in vivo mouse model by two-photon microscopy (TPM). Various IR doses were applied to the mouse hind limbs and the injured skin regions were imaged daily for 6 days after IR irradiation. Changes in the morphology and distribution of the epidermal cells and damage of the sebaceous glands were observed before clinical symptoms. These results showed that TPM is sensitive to early-stage changes of IR skin injury and may be useful for its diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hyuk Jang
- Divison of Integrative Biosciences &Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Rep. of Korea
| | - Sehwan Shim
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Centre, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea
| | - Taejun Wang
- Divison of Integrative Biosciences &Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Rep. of Korea
| | - Yeoreum Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Rep. of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Jang
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Centre, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Centre, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological &Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Rep. of Korea
| | - Ki Hean Kim
- Divison of Integrative Biosciences &Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Rep. of Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Rep. of Korea
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223
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Dendritic Spine Shape Analysis: A Clustering Perspective. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46604-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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224
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Park C, Hwang IY, Kehrl JH. Intravital Two-Photon Imaging of Lymphocytes Crossing High Endothelial Venules and Cortical Lymphatics in the Inguinal Lymph Node. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1407:195-206. [PMID: 27271904 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3480-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte recirculation through lymph nodes (LNs) requires their crossing of endothelial barriers present in blood vessels and lymphatics by means of chemoattractant-triggered cell migration. The chemoattractant-chemoattractant receptor axes that predominately govern the trafficking of lymphocytes into, and out of, LNs are CCL19/CCR7 and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1), respectively. Blood-borne lymphocytes downregulate S1PR1 and use CCR7 signaling to adhere to high endothelial venules (HEVs) for transmigration. During their LN residency, recirculating lymphocytes reacquire S1PR1 and attenuate their sensitivity to chemokines. Eventually lymphocytes exit the LN by entering the cortical or medullary lymphatics, a process that depends upon S1PR1 signaling. Upon entering into the lymph, lymphocytes lose their polarity, downregulate their sensitivity to S1P due to the high concentration of S1P, and upregulate their sensitivity to chemokines. However, many of the details of lymphocyte transmigration across endothelial barriers remain poorly understood. Intravital two-photon imaging with advanced microscope technologies not only allows the real-time observation of immune cells in intact LN of a live mouse, but also provides a means to monitor the interactions between circulating lymphocytes and stromal barriers. Here, we describe procedures to visualize lymphocytes engaging and crossing HEVs, and approaching and crossing the cortical lymphatic endothelium to enter the efferent lymph in live mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Park
- B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 11B08, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1876, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Il-Young Hwang
- B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 11B08, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1876, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John H Kehrl
- B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 11B08, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1876, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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225
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Linkov P, Krivenkov V, Nabiev I, Samokhvalov P. High Quantum Yield CdSe/ZnS/CdS/ZnS Multishell Quantum Dots for Biosensing and Optoelectronic Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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226
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Pinkerton NM, Frongia C, Lobjois V, Wilson BK, Bruzek MJ, Prud'homme RK, Anthony J, Bolze F, Chassaing S. Red-emitting, EtTP-5-based organic nanoprobes for two-photon imaging in 3D multicellular biological models. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09954h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible and biostable EtTP-5-loaded organic core–shell nanoparticles have been successfully evaluated for their potential as red-emitting fluorescent nanoprobes for two-photon imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brian K. Wilson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | | | - Robert K. Prud'homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | - John Anthony
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington
- USA
| | - Frédéric Bolze
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application des Molécules Bioactives
- UMR 7199
- Equipe de Chimie et Neurologie Moléculaire
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
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227
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Ravaro LP, Almeida TR, Albuquerque RQ, de Camargo ASS. The polynuclear complex Cu4I4py4 loaded in mesoporous silica: photophysics, theoretical investigation, and highly sensitive oxygen sensing application. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:17652-17661. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03121h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The polynuclear complex Cu4I4py4 has been largely studied in solution and in the powder form due to its interesting luminescent properties, which are largely dependent on temperature and pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro P. Ravaro
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Tiago. R. Almeida
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences
- Liverpool John Moores University, L3 3AF Liverpool
- UK
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
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228
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Cai ZB, Shen HM, Zhou M, Li SL, Tian YP. Novel A–(π–D–π–A)1–3 branched fluorophores displaying high two-photon absorption. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02733d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel A–(π–D–π–A)3 compounds bearing pyridine end groups are apparently effective in achieving large two-photon responses owing to strong charge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Hai-Min Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Mao Zhou
- Zhejiang Poly Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Hangzhou 310009
- P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Peng Tian
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- P. R. China
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229
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Banno M, Nagashima A, Yui H. Stimulated Raman photoacoustic spectroscopy for chemical-contrast imaging of a sample deeply buried in scattering media. Analyst 2016; 141:5747-5752. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an01211f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of a wavelength-variable stimulated Raman scattering photoacoustic spectrometer and its application to a sample buried in highly scattering media are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Banno
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Ami Nagashima
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Hiroharu Yui
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
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230
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Yadav P, Gill HS, Chand K, Li L, Kumar J, Sharma SK. Synthesis and Sensing Applications of Fluorescent 3-Cinnamoyl Coumarins. SENSORS 2015; 15:31987-98. [PMID: 26703600 PMCID: PMC4721820 DOI: 10.3390/s151229902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized two novel fluorescent 3-(4-diethylaminocinnamoyl) coumarins that exhibit fluorescence quenching upon exposure to a nerve agent simulant, diethylchlorophosphate (DCP), providing a basis for rapid and sensitive DCP chemosensing. Furthermore, these coumarin derivatives display two-photon fluorescence upon illumination with near-infrared laser pulses and their two-photon (TP) absorption cross-section was evaluated. The potential for TP bio-imaging of these compounds was investigated by their cellular uptake in HeLa cells by TP confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Hardeep Singh Gill
- Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Karam Chand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Lian Li
- Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Sunil K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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231
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Zhang G, Sun Y, He X, Zhang W, Tian M, Feng R, Zhang R, Li X, Guo L, Yu X, Zhang S. Red-Emitting Mitochondrial Probe with Ultrahigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enables High-Fidelity Fluorescent Images in Two-Photon Microscopy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12088-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Sun
- School
of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiuquan He
- Department
of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Minggang Tian
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqing Feng
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyao Zhang
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Guo
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shangli Zhang
- College
of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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232
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Chien FC, Lien CH, Dai YH. Dual-color dynamic tracking of GM-CSF receptors/JAK2 kinases signaling activation using temporal focusing multiphoton fluorescence excitation and astigmatic imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:30943-30955. [PMID: 26698726 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.030943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The dual-color dynamic particle tracking approach that uses temporal focusing multiphoton fluorescence excitation and two-channel astigmatic imaging is utilized to track molecular trajectories in three dimensions to explore molecular interactions. Images of two fluorophores were obtained to extract their positions by optical sectioning excitation using a fast temporal focusing multiphoton excitation microscope (TFMPEM) and by the simultaneous collection of data in two channels. The presented pair of cylindrical lenses, which was used to adjust the astigmatism effect with the minimum shifting of the imaging plane, was more feasible and flexible than single cylindrical lens for aligning two separate detection channels in astigmatic imaging. The lateral and axial positioning resolutions were observed to be approximately 9-13 nm and 23-30 nm respectively, for the two fluorescence channels. The dynamic movement and binding behavior of clusters of GM-CSF receptors and JAK2 kinases in HeLa cells in the presence of GM-CSF ligands were observed. Therefore, the proposed dual-color tracking strategy is useful for the dynamic study of molecular interactions in living specimens with a fast frame rate, less photobleaching, better penetration depth, and minimum optical trapping force.
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233
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Duan Y, Chen N. Hybrid wide-field and scanning microscopy for high-speed 3D imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:5251-5254. [PMID: 26565847 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.005251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Wide-field optical microscopy is efficient and robust in biological imaging, but it lacks depth sectioning. In contrast, scanning microscopic techniques, such as confocal microscopy and multiphoton microscopy, have been successfully used for three-dimensional (3D) imaging with optical sectioning capability. However, these microscopic techniques are not very suitable for dynamic real-time imaging because they usually take a long time for temporal and spatial scanning. Here, a hybrid imaging technique combining wide-field microscopy and scanning microscopy is proposed to accelerate the image acquisition process while maintaining the 3D optical sectioning capability. The performance was demonstrated by proof-of-concept imaging experiments with fluorescent beads and zebrafish liver.
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234
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Rose M, Hirmiz N, Moran-Mirabal JM, Fradin C. Lipid Diffusion in Supported Lipid Bilayers: A Comparison between Line-Scanning Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy and Single-Particle Tracking. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:702-21. [PMID: 26610279 PMCID: PMC4704007 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5040702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion in lipid membranes is an essential component of many cellular process and fluorescence a method of choice to study membrane dynamics. The goal of this work was to directly compare two common fluorescence methods, line-scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and single-particle tracking, to observe the diffusion of a fluorescent lipophilic dye, DiD, in a complex five-component mitochondria-like solid-supported lipid bilayer. We measured diffusion coefficients of DFCS ~ 3 um2 * s-1 and DSPT ~ 2 um2 * s-1, respectively. These comparable, yet statistically different values are used to highlight the main message of the paper, namely that the two considered methods give access to distinctly different dynamic ranges: D sup or approximatively 1um2 * s-1 for FCS and D inf or approximatively 5 um2 s-1 for SPT (with standard imaging conditions). In the context of membrane diffusion, this means that FCS allows studying lipid diffusion in fluid membranes, as well as the diffusion of loosely-bound proteins hovering above the membrane. SPT, on the other hand, is ideal to study the motions of membrane-inserted proteins, especially those presenting different conformations, but only allows studying lipid diffusion in relatively viscous membranes, such as supported lipid bilayers and cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rose
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Nehad Hirmiz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Jose M Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Cécile Fradin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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235
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Feng R, Sun Y, Tian M, Zhang G, Zhang R, Guo L, Li X, Yu X, Zhao N. A membrane-permeable dye for living cells with large two-photon excited fluorescence action cross-sections for bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8644-8649. [PMID: 32262721 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00940e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of two-photon fluorophores remains an important issue. Dyes that possess both large two-photon excited fluorescence action cross-sections and cell membrane permeability are especially in demand to maximize the underlying virtue of two-photon microscopy for bioimaging. Herein, a novel two-photon excited fluorescence dye has been synthesized. This V-shaped dye exhibited large two-photon excited fluorescence action cross-sections and high plasma membrane permeability. Cell imaging experiments demonstrated that the dye could stain living cells with bright two-photon excited fluorescence. All the results have indicated the potential of the dye as a basic platform for the development of two-photon excited fluorescence probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Feng
- Center of Bio & Micro/Nano Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
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236
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Park CY, Lee JK, Zhang C, Chuck RS. New Details of the Human Corneal Limbus Revealed With Second Harmonic Generation Imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:6058-66. [PMID: 26393473 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report novel findings of the human corneal limbus by using second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. METHODS Corneal limbus was imaged by using an inverted two-photon excitation fluorescence microscope. Laser (Ti:Sapphire) was tuned at 850 nm for two-photon excitation. Backscatter signals of SHG and autofluorescence (AF) were collected through a 425/30-nm emission filter and a 525/45-emission filter, respectively. Multiple, consecutive, and overlapping image stacks (z-stack) were acquired for the corneal limbal area. RESULTS Two novel collagen structures were revealed by SHG imaging at the limbus: an anterior limbal cribriform layer and presumed anchoring fibers. Anterior limbal cribriform layer is an intertwined reticular collagen architecture just beneath the limbal epithelial niche and is located between the peripheral cornea and Tenon's/scleral tissue. Autofluorescence imaging revealed high vascularity in this structure. Central to the anterior limbal cribriform layer, radial strands of collagen were found to connect the peripheral cornea to the limbus. These presumed anchoring fibers have both collagen and elastin and were found more extensively in the superficial layers than deep layer and were absent in very deep limbus near Schlemm's canal. CONCLUSIONS By using SHG imaging, new details of the collagen architecture of human corneal limbal area were elucidated. High resolution images with volumetric analysis revealed two novel collagen structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choul Yong Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Kyunggido, South Korea 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Jimmy K Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Roy S Chuck
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
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237
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Organic Nanomaterials with Two-Photon Absorption Properties for Biomedical Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7315-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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238
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Wu Y, Fu F, Lian Y, Nie Y, Zhuo S, Wang C, Chen J. Monitoring the progression from intraductal carcinoma to invasive ductal carcinoma based on multiphoton microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:096007. [PMID: 26358820 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.9.096007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma is a precancerous lesion of the breast and the immediate precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) was used to monitor the progression from intraductal carcinoma to invasive ductal carcinoma, which can improve early detection of precursor lesions and halt progression to invasive neoplastic disease. It was found that MPM has the capability to reveal the qualitative changes in features of cells, structure of basement membranes, and architecture of collagens during the development from intraductal carcinoma to invasive ductal carcinoma, as well as the quantitative alterations in nuclear area, circle length of basement membrane, and collagen density. Combined with intra-fiberoptic ductoscopy or transdermal biopsy needle, MPM has the potential to provide immediate histological diagnosis of tumor progression in the field of breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Fujian Normal University, Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, No. 8, Shangsan Road, Ca
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Breast Surgery, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Gulou, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuane Lian
- Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Pathology, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Gulou, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuting Nie
- Fujian Normal University, Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, No. 8, Shangsan Road, Ca
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Fujian Normal University, Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, No. 8, Shangsan Road, Ca
| | - Chuan Wang
- Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Department of Breast Surgery, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Gulou, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Fujian Normal University, Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, No. 8, Shangsan Road, Ca
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239
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Lee SL, Guo HW, Chen YF, Dong CY. Signal enhancement in multiphoton imaging by the use of coated glass substrates. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:3539-3545. [PMID: 26417521 PMCID: PMC4574677 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.003539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In nonlinear optical imaging of biological specimens, more than half of the generated luminescence signal is lost, when signal collection is performed in the epi-illuminated geometry. In this study, we enhanced the collected luminescence signal by the use of alternating multiply-coated layers of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) on standard microscope cover glasses that has high transmission in the near-infrared wavelength region and high reflection of the visible, luminescence signal. Our coating is biocompatible, allows visual examination of the specimens and optimize collection of the luminescence signal. We demonstrated this approach on a number of specimens including sulforhodamine solution, fluorescence microspheres, and labeled 3T3 cells. In all cases, the use of coated cover glass enhanced signal, optimally by a factor of about 2. Image analysis of labeled 3T3 cells also shows signal enhancement did not contribute to additional photobleaching. Our results show that properly designed coated cover glass can enhance detected signal in multiphoton microscopy and result in improved image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lin Lee
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wen Guo
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fan Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Y. F. Chen at
| | - Chen-Yuan Dong
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Center of Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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240
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Mizuta Y, Kurihara D, Higashiyama T. Two-photon imaging with longer wavelength excitation in intact Arabidopsis tissues. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1231-40. [PMID: 25588923 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In vivo imaging of living organisms is an important tool to investigate biological phenomena. Two-photon excitation microscopy (2PEM) is a laser-scanning microscopy that provides noninvasive, deep imaging in living organisms based on the principle of multiphoton excitation. However, application of 2PEM to plant tissues has not been fully developed, as plant-specific autofluorescence, optically dense tissues, and multiple light-scattering structures diminish the clarity of imaging. In this study, the advantages of 2PEM were identified for deep imaging of living and intact Arabidopsis thaliana tissues. When compared to single-photon imaging, near-infrared 2PEM, especially at 1000 nm, reduced chloroplast autofluorescence; autofluorescence also decreased in leaves, roots, pistils, and pollen grains. For clear and deep imaging, longer excitation wavelengths using the orange fluorescent proteins (FPs) TagRFP and tdTomato gave better results than with other colors. 2PEM at 980 nm also provided multicolor imaging by simultaneous excitation, and the combination of suitable FPs and excitation wavelengths allowed deep imaging of intact cells in root tips and pistils. Our results demonstrated the importance of choosing both suitable FPs and excitation wavelengths for clear two-photon imaging. Further advances in in vivo analysis using 2PEM will facilitate more extensive studies in the plant biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Mizuta
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan,
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241
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Cha JW, Yew EYS, Kim D, Subramanian J, Nedivi E, So PTC. Non-descanned multifocal multiphoton microscopy with a multianode photomultiplier tube. AIP ADVANCES 2015; 5:084802. [PMID: 25874160 PMCID: PMC4387602 DOI: 10.1063/1.4916040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) improves imaging speed over a point scanning approach by parallelizing the excitation process. Early versions of MMM relied on imaging detectors to record emission signals from multiple foci simultaneously. For many turbid biological specimens, the scattering of emission photons results in blurred images and degrades the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We have recently demonstrated that a multianode photomultiplier tube (MAPMT) placed in a descanned configuration can effectively collect scattered emission photons from each focus into their corresponding anodes significantly improving image SNR for highly scattering specimens. Unfortunately, a descanned MMM has a longer detection path resulting in substantial emission photon loss. Optical design constraints in a descanned geometry further results in significant optical aberrations especially for large field-of-view (FOV), high NA objectives. Here, we introduce a non-descanned MMM based on MAPMT that substantially overcomes most of these drawbacks. We show that we improve signal efficiency up to fourfold with limited image SNR degradation due to scattered emission photons. The excitation foci can also be spaced wider to cover the full FOV of the objective with minimal aberrations. The performance of this system is demonstrated by imaging interneuron morphological structures deep in the brains of living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Cha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elijah Y S Yew
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daekeun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dankook University , Korea
| | - Jaichandar Subramanian
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, USA
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242
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Dao L, Glancy B, Lucotte B, Chang LC, Balaban RS, Hsu LY. A Model-based approach for microvasculature structure distortion correction in two-photon fluorescence microscopy images. J Microsc 2015. [PMID: 26224257 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates a postprocessing approach to correct spatial distortion in two-photon fluorescence microscopy images for vascular network reconstruction. It is aimed at in vivo imaging of large field-of-view, deep-tissue studies of vascular structures. Based on simple geometric modelling of the object-of-interest, a distortion function is directly estimated from the image volume by deconvolution analysis. Such distortion function is then applied to subvolumes of the image stack to adaptively adjust for spatially varying distortion and reduce the image blurring through blind deconvolution. The proposed technique was first evaluated in phantom imaging of fluorescent microspheres that are comparable in size to the underlying capillary vascular structures. The effectiveness of restoring three-dimensional (3D) spherical geometry of the microspheres using the estimated distortion function was compared with empirically measured point-spread function. Next, the proposed approach was applied to in vivo vascular imaging of mouse skeletal muscle to reduce the image distortion of the capillary structures. We show that the proposed method effectively improve the image quality and reduce spatially varying distortion that occurs in large field-of-view deep-tissue vascular dataset. The proposed method will help in qualitative interpretation and quantitative analysis of vascular structures from fluorescence microscopy images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam Dao
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Brian Glancy
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Bertrand Lucotte
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Lin-Ching Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Robert S Balaban
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Li-Yueh Hsu
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
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243
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Kim B, Yue X, Sui B, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Bondar MV, Sawada J, Komatsu M, Belfield KD. Near-Infrared Fluorescent 4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene Probes for One- and Two-Photon Fluorescence Bioimaging. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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244
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Young MD, Field JJ, Sheetz KE, Bartels RA, Squier J. A pragmatic guide to multiphoton microscope design. ADVANCES IN OPTICS AND PHOTONICS 2015; 7:276-378. [PMID: 27182429 PMCID: PMC4863715 DOI: 10.1364/aop.7.000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy has emerged as a ubiquitous tool for studying microscopic structure and function across a broad range of disciplines. As such, the intent of this paper is to present a comprehensive resource for the construction and performance evaluation of a multiphoton microscope that will be understandable to the broad range of scientific fields that presently exploit, or wish to begin exploiting, this powerful technology. With this in mind, we have developed a guide to aid in the design of a multiphoton microscope. We discuss source selection, optical management of dispersion, image-relay systems with scan optics, objective-lens selection, single-element light-collection theory, photon-counting detection, image rendering, and finally, an illustrated guide for building an example microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Young
- Center for Microintegrated Optics for Advanced Biological Control, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Field
- W. M. Keck Laboratory for Raman Imaging of Cell-to-Cell Communications, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Kraig E. Sheetz
- Photonics Research Center, Department of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - Randy A. Bartels
- W. M. Keck Laboratory for Raman Imaging of Cell-to-Cell Communications, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Jeff Squier
- Center for Microintegrated Optics for Advanced Biological Control, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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245
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Hosoi H, Tayama R, Takeuchi S, Tahara T. Solvent dependence of two-photon absorption spectra of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) chromophore. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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246
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Guan Y, Meurer M, Raghavan S, Rebane A, Lindquist JR, Santos S, Kats I, Davidson MW, Mazitschek R, Hughes TE, Drobizhev M, Knop M, Shah JV. Live-cell multiphoton fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with an improved large Stokes shift fluorescent protein. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2054-66. [PMID: 25877871 PMCID: PMC4472016 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-10-1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an improved variant of mKeima, a monomeric long Stokes shift red fluorescent protein, hmKeima8.5. The increased intracellular brightness and large Stokes shift (∼180 nm) make it an excellent partner with teal fluorescent protein (mTFP1) for multiphoton, multicolor applications. Excitation of this pair by a single multiphoton excitation wavelength (MPE, 850 nm) yields well-separable emission peaks (∼120-nm separation). Using this pair, we measure homo- and hetero-oligomerization interactions in living cells via multiphoton excitation fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (MPE-FCS). Using tandem dimer proteins and small-molecule inducible dimerization domains, we demonstrate robust and quantitative detection of intracellular protein-protein interactions. We also use MPE-FCCS to detect drug-protein interactions in the intracellular environment using a Coumarin 343 (C343)-conjugated drug and hmKeima8.5 as a fluorescence pair. The mTFP1/hmKeima8.5 and C343/hmKeima8.5 combinations, together with our calibration constructs, provide a practical and broadly applicable toolbox for the investigation of molecular interactions in the cytoplasm of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Guan
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Matthias Meurer
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg and Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ-ZMBH-Allianz, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarada Raghavan
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg and Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ-ZMBH-Allianz, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jake R Lindquist
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Sofia Santos
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1640-003, Portugal
| | - Ilia Kats
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg and Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ-ZMBH-Allianz, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael W Davidson
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Thomas E Hughes
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | | | - Michael Knop
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg and Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ-ZMBH-Allianz, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jagesh V Shah
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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247
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Yamamoto K, Flesch R, Ohigashi T, Hedtrich S, Klossek A, Patoka P, Ulrich G, Ahlberg S, Rancan F, Vogt A, Blume-Peytavi U, Schrade P, Bachmann S, Schäfer-Korting M, Kosugi N, Rühl E. Selective Probing of the Penetration of Dexamethasone into Human Skin by Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6173-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Yamamoto
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
| | - R. Flesch
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
| | - T. Ohigashi
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji,
Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - S. Hedtrich
- Institut
für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Klossek
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
| | - P. Patoka
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
| | - G. Ulrich
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
| | - S. Ahlberg
- Klinisches
Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Rancan
- Klinisches
Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Vogt
- Klinisches
Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - U. Blume-Peytavi
- Klinisches
Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - P. Schrade
- Abteilung für
Elektronenmikroskopie at CVK, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Bachmann
- Abteilung für
Elektronenmikroskopie at CVK, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - N. Kosugi
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji,
Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - E. Rühl
- Physikalische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Takustrasse
3, Germany
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248
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Layer-resolved colorectal tissues using nonlinear microscopy. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1589-97. [PMID: 26003427 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, multiphoton microscopy (MPM), based on the nonlinear optical processes two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG), was extended to evaluate the feasibility of using MPM to distinguish layers of the bowel wall. It was found that MPM has the ability to identify the four-layer microstructures of colorectal tissues including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa as there are many intrinsic signal sources in each layer. Our results also showed the capability of using the quantitative analyses of MPM images for quantifying some feature parameters including the nuclear area, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, and optical redox ratio. This work demonstrates that MPM has the potential in noninvasively monitoring the development and progression of colorectal diseases and then guiding effective treatment.
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249
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Guo L, Chan MS, Xu D, Tam DY, Bolze F, Lo PK, Wong MS. Indole-based cyanine as a nuclear RNA-selective two-photon fluorescent probe for live cell imaging. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1171-5. [PMID: 25689264 DOI: 10.1021/cb500927r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that the subcellular targeting properties of the indole-based cyanines can be tuned by the functional substituent attached onto the indole moiety in which the first example of a highly RNA-selective and two-photon active fluorescent light-up probe for high contrast and brightness TPEF images of rRNA in the nucleolus of live cells has been developed. It is important to find that this cyanine binds much stronger toward RNA than DNA in a buffer solution as well as selectively stains and targets to rRNA in the nucleolus. Remarkably, the TPEF brightness (Φσmax) is dramatically increased with 11-fold enhancement in the presence of rRNA, leading to the record high Φσmax of 228 GM for RNA. This probe not only shows good biocompatibility and superior photostability but also offers general applicability to various live cell lines including HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, and KB cells and excellent counterstaining compatibility with commercially available DNA or protein trackers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong
Kong SAR, China
| | - Miu Shan Chan
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee
Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong
Kong SAR, China
| | - Dick Yan Tam
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee
Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frédéric Bolze
- Laboratoire
de Conception et Application des Molécules Bioactives, UMR University of Strasbourg-CNRS 7199, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee
Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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250
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Abstract
Light scattering was thought to be the fundamental limitation for the depth at which optical imaging methods can retain their resolution and sensitivity. However, it was shown that light can be focused inside even the most strongly scattering objects by spatially shaping the wavefront of the incident light. This review summarizes recently developed feedback-based approaches for focusing light inside and through scattering objects.
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