201
|
Drosatos K. Fatty old hearts: role of cardiac lipotoxicity in age-related cardiomyopathy. PATHOBIOLOGY OF AGING & AGE RELATED DISEASES 2016; 6:32221. [PMID: 27558317 PMCID: PMC4996860 DOI: 10.3402/pba.v6.32221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cardiomyopathy accounts for a significant part of heart failure cases. Imbalance of the energetic equilibrium of the heart along with mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired β-adrenergic receptor signaling contributes in the aggravation of cardiac function in the elderly. In this review article, studies that correlate cardiac aging with lipotoxicity are summarized. The involvement of inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, β-adrenergic receptor desensitization, and mitochondrial dysfunction as underlying mechanisms for the lipid-driven age-related cardiomyopathy are presented with the aim to indicate potential therapeutic targets for cardiac aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Buland JR, Wasserloos KJ, Tyurin VA, Tyurina YY, Amoscato AA, Mallampalli RK, Chen BB, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Ofori-Acquah S, Kagan VE, Pitt BR. Biosynthesis of oxidized lipid mediators via lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 hydrolysis of extracellular cardiolipin induces endothelial toxicity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L303-16. [PMID: 27233995 PMCID: PMC5142456 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00038.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We (66) have previously described an NSAID-insensitive intramitochondrial biosynthetic pathway involving oxidation of the polyunsaturated mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin (CL), followed by hydrolysis [by calcium-independent mitochondrial calcium-independent phospholipase A2-γ (iPLA2γ)] of oxidized CL (CLox), leading to the formation of lysoCL and oxygenated octadecadienoic metabolites. We now describe a model system utilizing oxidative lipidomics/mass spectrometry and bioassays on cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAECs) to assess the impact of CLox that we show, in vivo, can be released to the extracellular space and may be hydrolyzed by lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (Lp-PLA2). Chemically oxidized liposomes containing bovine heart CL produced multiple oxygenated species. Addition of Lp-PLA2 hydrolyzed CLox and produced (oxygenated) monolysoCL and dilysoCL and oxidized octadecadienoic metabolites including 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic (HODE) acids. CLox caused BPAEC necrosis that was exacerbated by Lp-PLA2 Lower doses of nonlethal CLox increased permeability of BPAEC monolayers. This effect was exacerbated by Lp-PLA2 and partially mimicked by authentic monolysoCL or 9- or 13-HODE. Control mice plasma contained virtually no detectable CLox; in contrast, 4 h after Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection, 34 ± 8 mol% (n = 6; P < 0.02) of circulating CL was oxidized. In addition, molar percentage of monolysoCL increased twofold after P. aeruginosa in a subgroup analyzed for these changes. Collectively, these studies suggest an important role for 1) oxidation of CL in proinflammatory environments and 2) possible hydrolysis of CLox in extracellular spaces producing lysoCL and oxidized octadecadienoic acid metabolites that may lead to impairment of pulmonary endothelial barrier function and necrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Buland
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Karla J Wasserloos
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew A Amoscato
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bill B Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Zhao
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yutong Zhao
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Solomon Ofori-Acquah
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce R Pitt
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Moon SH, Mancuso DJ, Sims HF, Liu X, Nguyen AL, Yang K, Guan S, Dilthey BG, Jenkins CM, Weinheimer CJ, Kovacs A, Abendschein D, Gross RW. Cardiac Myocyte-specific Knock-out of Calcium-independent Phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ) Decreases Oxidized Fatty Acids during Ischemia/Reperfusion and Reduces Infarct Size. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19687-700. [PMID: 27453526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.740597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ) is a mitochondrial enzyme that produces lipid second messengers that facilitate opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and contribute to the production of oxidized fatty acids in myocardium. To specifically identify the roles of iPLA2γ in cardiac myocytes, we generated cardiac myocyte-specific iPLA2γ knock-out (CMiPLA2γKO) mice by removing the exon encoding the active site serine (Ser-477). Hearts of CMiPLA2γKO mice exhibited normal hemodynamic function, glycerophospholipid molecular species composition, and normal rates of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. In contrast, CMiPLA2γKO mice demonstrated attenuated Ca(2+)-induced mPTP opening that could be rapidly restored by the addition of palmitate and substantially reduced production of oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Furthermore, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in CMiPLA2γKO mice (30 min of ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion in vivo) dramatically decreased oxidized fatty acid production in the ischemic border zones. Moreover, CMiPLA2γKO mice subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion in vivo developed substantially less cardiac necrosis in the area-at-risk in comparison with their WT littermates. Furthermore, we found that membrane depolarization in murine heart mitochondria was sensitized to Ca(2+) by the presence of oxidized PUFAs. Because mitochondrial membrane depolarization and calcium are known to activate iPLA2γ, these results are consistent with salvage of myocardium after I/R by iPLA2γ loss of function through decreasing mPTP opening, diminishing production of proinflammatory oxidized fatty acids, and attenuating the deleterious effects of abrupt increases in calcium ion on membrane potential during reperfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Moon
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - David J Mancuso
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Harold F Sims
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Xinping Liu
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 and
| | - Kui Yang
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Shaoping Guan
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Beverly Gibson Dilthey
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Christopher M Jenkins
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine
| | - Carla J Weinheimer
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 and
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 and
| | - Dana Abendschein
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 and
| | - Richard W Gross
- From the Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110 and Developmental Biology, and the Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Yadav PK, Rajasekharan R. Misregulation of a DDHD Domain-containing Lipase Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Yeast. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:18562-81. [PMID: 27402848 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.733378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The DDHD domain-containing proteins, which belong to the intracellular phospholipase A1 (iPLA1) family, have been predicted to be involved in phospholipid metabolism, lipid trafficking, membrane turnover, and signaling. Defective cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol remodeling cause Barth syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we report that Yor022c is a Ddl1 (DDHD domain-containing lipase 1) that hydrolyzes CL, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylglycerol. Ddl1 has been implicated in the remodeling of mitochondrial phospholipids and CL degradation. Our data also suggested that the accumulation of monolysocardiolipin is deleterious to the cells. We show that Aft1 and Aft2 transcription factors antagonistically regulate the DDL1 gene. This study reveals that the misregulation of DDL1 by Aft1/2 transcription factors alters CL metabolism and causes mitochondrial dysfunction in the cells. In humans, mutations in the DDHD1 and DDHD2 genes cause specific types of hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG28 and SPG54, respectively), and the yeast DDL1-defective strain produces similar phenotypes of hereditary spastic paraplegia (mitochondrial dysfunction and defects in lipid metabolism). Therefore, the DDL1-defective strain could be a good model system for understanding hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Yadav
- From the Lipidomic Centre, Department of Lipid Science and the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Ram Rajasekharan
- From the Lipidomic Centre, Department of Lipid Science and the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Baker CD, Basu Ball W, Pryce EN, Gohil VM. Specific requirements of nonbilayer phospholipids in mitochondrial respiratory chain function and formation. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:2161-71. [PMID: 27226479 PMCID: PMC4945136 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and cardiolipin have specific roles in the activity and assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes, respectively, whereas phosphatidylcholine is redundant. Nonmitochondrial PE can be transported into mitochondria, where it can fully substitute for the lack of mitochondrial PE biosynthesis. Mitochondrial membrane phospholipid composition affects mitochondrial function by influencing the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes into supercomplexes. For example, the loss of cardiolipin (CL), a signature non–bilayer-forming phospholipid of mitochondria, results in disruption of MRC supercomplexes. However, the functions of the most abundant mitochondrial phospholipids, bilayer-forming phosphatidylcholine (PC) and non–bilayer-forming phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), are not clearly defined. Using yeast mutants of PE and PC biosynthetic pathways, we show a specific requirement for mitochondrial PE in MRC complex III and IV activities but not for their formation, whereas loss of PC does not affect MRC function or formation. Unlike CL, mitochondrial PE or PC is not required for MRC supercomplex formation, emphasizing the specific requirement of CL in supercomplex assembly. Of interest, PE biosynthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can functionally substitute for the lack of mitochondrial PE biosynthesis, suggesting the existence of PE transport pathway from ER to mitochondria. To understand the mechanism of PE transport, we disrupted ER–mitochondrial contact sites formed by the ERMES complex and found that, although not essential for PE transport, ERMES facilitates the efficient rescue of mitochondrial PE deficiency. Our work highlights specific roles of non–bilayer-forming phospholipids in MRC function and formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charli D Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Writoban Basu Ball
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Erin N Pryce
- Integrated Imaging Center, Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Jhun BS, Mishra J, Monaco S, Fu D, Jiang W, Sheu SS, O-Uchi J. The mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter: regulation by auxiliary subunits and signal transduction pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C67-80. [PMID: 27122161 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00319.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis, the Ca(2+) influx-efflux balance, is responsible for the control of numerous cellular functions, including energy metabolism, generation of reactive oxygen species, spatiotemporal dynamics of Ca(2+) signaling, and cell growth and death. Recent discovery of the molecular identity of the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter (MCU) provides new possibilities for application of genetic approaches to study the mitochondrial Ca(2+) influx mechanism in various cell types and tissues. In addition, the subsequent discovery of various auxiliary subunits associated with MCU suggests that mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake is not solely regulated by a single protein (MCU), but likely by a macromolecular protein complex, referred to as the MCU-protein complex (mtCUC). Moreover, recent reports have shown the potential role of MCU posttranslational modifications in the regulation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake through mtCUC. These observations indicate that mtCUCs form a local signaling complex at the inner mitochondrial membrane that could significantly regulate mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling, as well as numerous mitochondrial and cellular functions. In this review we discuss the current literature on mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake mechanisms, with a particular focus on the structure and function of mtCUC, as well as its regulation by signal transduction pathways, highlighting current controversies and discrepancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bong Sook Jhun
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Jyotsna Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Monaco
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Deming Fu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wenmin Jiang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jin O-Uchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Peck B, Schug ZT, Zhang Q, Dankworth B, Jones DT, Smethurst E, Patel R, Mason S, Jiang M, Saunders R, Howell M, Mitter R, Spencer-Dene B, Stamp G, McGarry L, James D, Shanks E, Aboagye EO, Critchlow SE, Leung HY, Harris AL, Wakelam MJO, Gottlieb E, Schulze A. Inhibition of fatty acid desaturation is detrimental to cancer cell survival in metabolically compromised environments. Cancer Metab 2016; 4:6. [PMID: 27042297 PMCID: PMC4818530 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-016-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced macromolecule biosynthesis is integral to growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Lipid biosynthesis has been predicted to be an essential process in cancer cells. However, it is unclear which enzymes within this pathway offer the best selectivity for cancer cells and could be suitable therapeutic targets. RESULTS Using functional genomics, we identified stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), an enzyme that controls synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, as essential in breast and prostate cancer cells. SCD inhibition altered cellular lipid composition and impeded cell viability in the absence of exogenous lipids. SCD inhibition also altered cardiolipin composition, leading to the release of cytochrome C and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, SCD was required for the generation of poly-unsaturated lipids in cancer cells grown in spheroid cultures, which resemble those found in tumour tissue. We also found that SCD mRNA and protein expression is elevated in human breast cancers and predicts poor survival in high-grade tumours. Finally, silencing of SCD in prostate orthografts efficiently blocked tumour growth and significantly increased animal survival. CONCLUSIONS Our data implicate lipid desaturation as an essential process for cancer cell survival and suggest that targeting SCD could efficiently limit tumour expansion, especially under the metabolically compromised conditions of the tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barrie Peck
- />Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
- />Present address: The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB UK
| | - Zachary T. Schug
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- />Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
| | - Beatrice Dankworth
- />Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dylan T. Jones
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | | | - Rachana Patel
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Susan Mason
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Rebecca Saunders
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Michael Howell
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Richard Mitter
- />Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Service, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- />Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Gordon Stamp
- />Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Lynn McGarry
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Daniel James
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Emma Shanks
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- />Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN UK
| | | | - Hing Y. Leung
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | | | - Eyal Gottlieb
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Almut Schulze
- />Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
- />Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- />Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Josef-Schneider-Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Hofmanová J, Slavík J, Ovesná P, Tylichová Z, Vondráček J, Straková N, Vaculová AH, Ciganek M, Kozubík A, Knopfová L, Šmarda J, Machala M. Dietary fatty acids specifically modulate phospholipid pattern in colon cells with distinct differentiation capacities. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1493-1508. [PMID: 26983609 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although beneficial effects of the dietary n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or butyrate in colon carcinogenesis have been implicated, the mechanisms of their action are not fully clear. Here, we investigated modulations of composition of individual phospholipid (PL) classes, with a particular emphasis on cardiolipins (CLs), in colon cells treated with DHA, sodium butyrate (NaBt), or their combination (DHA/NaBt), and we evaluated possible associations between lipid changes and cell fate after fatty acid treatment. METHODS In two distinct human colon cell models, foetal colon (FHC) and adenocarcinoma (HCT-116) cells, we compared patterns and composition of individual PL classes following the fatty acid treatment by HPLC-MS/MS. In parallel, we measured the parameters reflecting cell proliferation, differentiation and death. RESULTS In FHC cells, NaBt induced primarily differentiation, while co-treatment with DHA shifted their response towards cell death. In contrast, NaBt induced apoptosis in HCT-116 cells, which was not further affected by DHA. DHA was incorporated in all main PL types, increasing their unsaturation, while NaBt did not additionally modulate these effects in either cell model. Nevertheless, we identified an unusually wide range of CL species to be highly increased by NaBt and particularly by DHA/NaBt, and these effects were more pronounced in HCT-116 cells. DHA and DHA/NaBt enhanced levels of high molecular weight and more unsaturated CL species, containing DHA, which was specific for either differentiation or apoptotic responses. CONCLUSIONS We identified a wide range of CL species in the colon cells which composition was significantly modified after DHA and NaBt treatment. These specific CL modulations might contribute to distinct cellular differentiation or apoptotic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiřina Hofmanová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Slavík
- Veterinary Research Institute, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Ovesná
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Tylichová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nicol Straková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hyršlová Vaculová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Knopfová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
209
|
Hsu P, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang HG, Ye JM, Shi Y. Cardiolipin remodeling by TAZ/tafazzin is selectively required for the initiation of mitophagy. Autophagy 2016; 11:643-52. [PMID: 25919711 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1023984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tafazzin (TAZ) is a phospholipid transacylase that catalyzes the remodeling of cardiolipin, a mitochondrial phospholipid required for oxidative phosphorylation. Mutations of TAZ cause Barth syndrome, which is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy, leading to premature death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cause of mitochondrial dysfunction in Barth syndrome remain poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of TAZ in regulating mitochondrial function and mitophagy. Using primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with doxycycline-inducible knockdown of Taz, we showed that TAZ deficiency in MEFs caused defective mitophagosome biogenesis, but not other autophagic processes. Consistent with a key role of mitophagy in mitochondria quality control, TAZ deficiency in MEFs also led to impaired oxidative phosphorylation and severe oxidative stress. Together, these findings provide key insights on mitochondrial dysfunction in Barth syndrome, suggesting that pharmacological restoration of mitophagy may provide a novel treatment for this lethal condition.
Collapse
Key Words
- AdGFP-LC3, recombinant adenovirus expressing GFP tagged MAP1LC3B
- AdTAZ, recombinant adenovirus expressing Myc-tagged TAZ
- BTHS, Barth syndrome
- BafA1, bafilomycin A1
- Barth syndrome
- CCCP, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone
- CL, cardiolipin
- Dox, doxycycline
- FCCP, carbonyl cyanide p-triflouromethoxyphenylhydrazone
- LTG, LysoTracker Green
- MAP1LC3B/LC3B, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta
- MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast
- MLCL, monolysocardiolipin
- MTR, MitoTracker Red
- PARK2, parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase
- PINK1, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1
- SOD2, superoxide dismutase 2 mitochondrial
- TAZ, tafazzin
- TLCL, tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin
- autophagy
- cardiolipin
- mitochondrial dysfunction
- mitophagosome
- mitophagy
- tafazzin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hsu
- a Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology ; Hershey , PA USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
210
|
Lasserre JP, Dautant A, Aiyar RS, Kucharczyk R, Glatigny A, Tribouillard-Tanvier D, Rytka J, Blondel M, Skoczen N, Reynier P, Pitayu L, Rötig A, Delahodde A, Steinmetz LM, Dujardin G, Procaccio V, di Rago JP. Yeast as a system for modeling mitochondrial disease mechanisms and discovering therapies. Dis Model Mech 2016; 8:509-26. [PMID: 26035862 PMCID: PMC4457039 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are severe and largely untreatable. Owing to the many essential processes carried out by mitochondria and the complex cellular systems that support these processes, these diseases are diverse, pleiotropic, and challenging to study. Much of our current understanding of mitochondrial function and dysfunction comes from studies in the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Because of its good fermenting capacity, S. cerevisiae can survive mutations that inactivate oxidative phosphorylation, has the ability to tolerate the complete loss of mitochondrial DNA (a property referred to as ‘petite-positivity’), and is amenable to mitochondrial and nuclear genome manipulation. These attributes make it an excellent model system for studying and resolving the molecular basis of numerous mitochondrial diseases. Here, we review the invaluable insights this model organism has yielded about diseases caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, which ranges from primary defects in oxidative phosphorylation to metabolic disorders, as well as dysfunctions in maintaining the genome or in the dynamics of mitochondria. Owing to the high level of functional conservation between yeast and human mitochondrial genes, several yeast species have been instrumental in revealing the molecular mechanisms of pathogenic human mitochondrial gene mutations. Importantly, such insights have pointed to potential therapeutic targets, as have genetic and chemical screens using yeast. Summary: In this Review, we discuss the use of budding yeast to understand mitochondrial diseases and help in the search for their treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Lasserre
- University Bordeaux-CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Alain Dautant
- University Bordeaux-CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Raeka S Aiyar
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Roza Kucharczyk
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Annie Glatigny
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Déborah Tribouillard-Tanvier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1078, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, CHRU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest F-29200, France
| | - Joanna Rytka
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Marc Blondel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1078, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, CHRU Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Brest F-29200, France
| | - Natalia Skoczen
- University Bordeaux-CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux F-33000, France Department of Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Pascal Reynier
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers 49933, Cedex 9, France Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers 49933, Cedex 9, France
| | - Laras Pitayu
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, rue Gregor Mendel, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Agnès Rötig
- Inserm U1163, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75015, France
| | - Agnès Delahodde
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, rue Gregor Mendel, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Lars M Steinmetz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany Stanford Genome Technology Center, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5301, USA
| | - Geneviève Dujardin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers 49933, Cedex 9, France Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers 49933, Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Paul di Rago
- University Bordeaux-CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Tryon LD, Vainshtein A, Memme J, Crilly MJ, Hood DA. WITHDRAWN: Relationship between the regulation of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial turnover during chronic disuse. Integr Med Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
212
|
Le Guen M, Chaté V, Hininger-Favier I, Laillet B, Morio B, Pieroni G, Schlattner U, Pison C, Dubouchaud H. A 9-wk docosahexaenoic acid-enriched supplementation improves endurance exercise capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in adult rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E213-24. [PMID: 26646102 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00468.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Decline in skeletal muscle mass and function starts during adulthood. Among the causes, modifications of the mitochondrial function could be of major importance. Polyunsaturated fatty (ω-3) acids have been shown to play a role in intracellular functions. We hypothesize that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation could improve muscle mitochondrial function that could contribute to limit the early consequences of aging on adult muscle. Twelve-month-old male Wistar rats were fed a low-polyunsaturated fat diet and were given DHA (DHA group) or placebo (control group) for 9 wk. Rats from the DHA group showed a higher endurance capacity (+56%, P < 0.05) compared with control animals. Permeabilized myofibers from soleus muscle showed higher O2 consumptions (P < 0.05) in the DHA group compared with the control group, with glutamate-malate as substrates, both in basal conditions (i.e., state 2) and under maximal conditions (i.e., state 3, using ADP), along with a higher apparent Km for ADP (P < 0.05). Calcium retention capacity of isolated mitochondria was lower in DHA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Phospho-AMPK/AMPK ratio and PPARδ mRNA content were higher in the DHA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Results showed that DHA enhanced endurance capacity in adult animals, a beneficial effect potentially resulting from improvement in mitochondrial function, as suggested by our results on permeabilized fibers. DHA supplementation could be of potential interest for the muscle function in adults and for fighting the decline in exercise tolerance with age that could imply energy-sensing pathway, as suggested by changes in phospho-AMPK/AMPK ratio.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases/drug effects
- 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases/metabolism
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calorimetry, Indirect
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Citrate (si)-Synthase/drug effects
- Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism
- Dietary Supplements
- Docosahexaenoic Acids/pharmacology
- Electron Transport/drug effects
- Exercise Tolerance/drug effects
- Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
- Male
- Mitochondria, Muscle/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
- Phospholipids/metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Physical Endurance/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Triglycerides/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Le Guen
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Chaté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Hininger-Favier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Brigitte Laillet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Béatrice Morio
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Uwe Schlattner
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Pison
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Saric A, Andreau K, Armand AS, Møller IM, Petit PX. Barth Syndrome: From Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Associated with Aberrant Production of Reactive Oxygen Species to Pluripotent Stem Cell Studies. Front Genet 2016; 6:359. [PMID: 26834781 PMCID: PMC4719219 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme tafazzin, TAZ, cause Barth syndrome (BTHS). Individuals with this X-linked multisystem disorder present cardiomyopathy (CM) (often dilated), skeletal muscle weakness, neutropenia, growth retardation, and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. Biopsies of the heart, liver and skeletal muscle of patients have revealed mitochondrial malformations and dysfunctions. It is the purpose of this review to summarize recent results of studies on various animal or cell models of Barth syndrome, which have characterized biochemically the strong cellular defects associated with TAZ mutations. Tafazzin is a mitochondrial phospholipidlysophospholipid transacylase that shuttles acyl groups between phospholipids and regulates the remodeling of cardiolipin (CL), a unique inner mitochondrial membrane phospholipid dimer consisting of two phosphatidyl residues linked by a glycerol bridge. After their biosynthesis, the acyl chains of CLs may be modified in remodeling processes involving up to three different enzymes. Their characteristic acyl chain composition depends on the function of tafazzin, although the enzyme itself surprisingly lacks acyl specificity. CLs are crucial for correct mitochondrial structure and function. In addition to their function in the basic mitochondrial function of ATP production, CLs play essential roles in cardiac function, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle regulation and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Recent developments in tafazzin research have provided strong insights into the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An important tool has been the generation of BTHS-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from BTHS patients. In a complementary approach, disease-specific mutations have been introduced into wild-type iPSC lines enabling direct comparison with isogenic controls. iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were then characterized using biochemical and classical bioenergetic approaches. The cells are tested in a "heart-on-chip" assay to model the pathophysiology in vitro, to characterize the underlying mechanism of BTHS deriving from TAZ mutations, mitochondrial deficiencies and ROS production and leading to tissue defects, and to evaluate potential therapies with the use of mitochondrially targeted antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Saric
- INSERM U 1124 "Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire" and "FR 3567" CNRS Chimie, Toxicologie, Signalisation Cellulaire et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Université Paris Descartes - Centre Universitaire des Saints-PèresParis, France; Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković InstituteZagreb, Croatia
| | - Karine Andreau
- INSERM U 1124 "Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire" and "FR 3567" CNRS Chimie, Toxicologie, Signalisation Cellulaire et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Université Paris Descartes - Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Armand
- INSERM U 1124 "Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire" and "FR 3567" CNRS Chimie, Toxicologie, Signalisation Cellulaire et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Université Paris Descartes - Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères Paris, France
| | - Ian M Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Patrice X Petit
- INSERM U 1124 "Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire" and "FR 3567" CNRS Chimie, Toxicologie, Signalisation Cellulaire et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Université Paris Descartes - Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Mondal M, Kundu JK, Misra KK. Variation in lipid and fatty acid uptake among nematode and cestode parasites and their host, domestic fowl: host-parasite interaction. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:1494-1518. [PMID: 27876973 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-015-0718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid synthesis is an important process in most organisms as well as in helminths. The present observation shows the variation of lipid and fatty acid uptake among cestode, Raillietina (Fuhrmannetta) echinobothrida; nematode, Ascaridia galli and their host, Gallus domesticus, the common country fowl. Total lipid (TL), neutral lipid (NL), glycolipid (GL), phospholipid (PL) and their fatty acid of cestode, nematode and liver and intestinal fluid of the host were analyzed by thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography respectively. The result shows that liver take more TL, PL and GL except NL. Utilization of lipid from intestinal fluid when compare between the parasites, it is found that TL and PL content of cestode are higher than nematode, whereas, nematode absorbs more NL and GL than cestode. The percent of cholesterol is more in cestode than nematode. Palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic are the predominant fatty acids among all the samples. The present study reveals that the cestode having large surface area is more opportunistic in the resource utilization over the nematode as well as the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Mondal
- Department of Zoology, Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya, Ajodhya, West Bengal 711312 India
| | - J K Kundu
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal 721102 India
| | - K K Misra
- Department of Zoology, R. B. C. College, Naihati, India
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Matsuzaki W, Takahashi H, Nakamura H, Murayama T. Effects of Glycerophospholipids on Ceramide Kinase Activity: Cardiolipin-Affected Cellular Formation of Ceramide-1-phosphate. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1708-1717. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hiromasa Takahashi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Nakahira K, Hisata S, Choi AMK. The Roles of Mitochondrial Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:1329-50. [PMID: 26067258 PMCID: PMC4685486 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria, vital cellular power plants to generate energy, are involved in immune responses. Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules that are released from mitochondria to extracellular space during cell death and include not only proteins but also DNA or lipids. Mitochondrial DAMPs induce inflammatory responses and are critically involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. RECENT ADVANCES Recent studies elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which mitochondrial DAMPs are released and initiate immune responses by use of genetically modulated cells or animals. Importantly, the levels of mitochondrial DAMPs in patients are often associated with severity and prognosis of human diseases, such as infection, asthma, ischemic heart disease, and cancer. CRITICAL ISSUES Although mitochondrial DAMPs can represent proinflammatory molecules in various experimental models, their roles in human diseases may be multifunctional and complex. It remains unclear where and how mitochondrial DAMPs are liberated into extracellular spaces and exert their biological functions particularly in vivo. In addition, while mitochondria can secrete several types of DAMPs during cell death, the interaction of each mitochondrial DAMP (e.g., synergistic effects) remains unclear. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Regulation of mitochondrial DAMP-mediated immune responses may be important to alter the progression of human diseases. In addition, measuring mitochondrial DAMPs in patients may be clinically useful as biomarkers to predict prognosis or response to therapies. Further studies of the mechanisms by which mitochondrial DAMPs impact the initiation and progression of diseases may lead to the development of therapeutics specifically targeting this pathway. Antioxid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Nakahira
- 1 Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital , New York, New York.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Shu Hisata
- 1 Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital , New York, New York.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- 1 Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital , New York, New York.,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Xiao H, Li P, Zhang W, Tang B. An ultrasensitive near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging mitochondrial polarity in live cells and in vivo. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1588-1593. [PMID: 29899900 PMCID: PMC5964966 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a new mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe MCY-BF2 that is singularly sensitive and specifically responsive to mitochondrial polarity.
Mitochondrial polarity is a crucial characteristic of these indispensable organelles, and tremendously impacts cellular events. Herein, we describe a new mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe MCY-BF2 that is singularly sensitive and specifically responsive to mitochondrial polarity. The pull–push system in the conjugated structure of MCY-BF2 is responsible for the polarity-ultrasensitivity due to the excited state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). By combining with cardiolipin, MCY-BF2 preferentially accumulates in mitochondria. Because the fluorescence emission wavelengths exhibit an obvious red-shift with increasing media polarity, the fluorescence intensity ratio at two different wavelengths versus the solvent dielectric constant can quantify the mitochondrial polarity. Experimental results demonstrate that the fluorescent intensity of MCY-BF2 in a non-polar solvent, dioxane, is 120 times higher than that in a polar solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide. As the first near-infrared (NIR) and most sensitive fluorescent imaging probe for polarity, MCY-BF2 can locate exclusively in mitochondria in various cells and discriminate polarity differences between normal and cancer cells. Also, the intrinsic polarity variance at different developmental stages in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was reported here for the first time. Interestingly, the embryonic development stage has a more non-polar environment with a dielectric constant of 7.20, and in contrast the polarity at the young adult stage changes to 10.07. In addition, in vivo imaging results suggest that the tumor tissues of mice have an obviously lower polarity than that in normal tissues. Altogether, the merits of the NIR property, high sensitivity and moderate Stokes shift all greatly promote the accuracy of imaging. This probe will be a promising tool for studying biological processes and the pathological mechanism of polarity-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Xiao
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Magalon A, Alberge F. Distribution and dynamics of OXPHOS complexes in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1857:198-213. [PMID: 26545610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is an essential process for most living organisms mostly sustained by protein complexes embedded in the cell membrane. In order to thrive, cells need to quickly respond to changes in the metabolic demand or in their environment. An overview of the strategies that can be employed by bacterial cells to adjust the OXPHOS outcome is provided. Regulation at the level of gene expression can only provide a means to adjust the OXPHOS outcome to long-term trends in the environment. In addition, the actual view is that bioenergetic membranes are highly compartmentalized structures. This review discusses what is known about the spatial organization of OXPHOS complexes and the timescales at which they occur. As exemplified with the commensal gut bacterium Escherichia coli, three levels of spatial organization are at play: supercomplexes, membrane microdomains and polar assemblies. This review provides a particular focus on whether dynamic spatial organization can fine-tune the OXPHOS through the definition of specialized functional membrane microdomains. Putative mechanisms responsible for spatio-temporal regulation of the OXPHOS complexes are discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Organization and dynamics of bioenergetic systems in bacteria, edited by Conrad Mullineaux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Magalon
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne (UMR 7283), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7283, 13009 Marseille, France.
| | - François Alberge
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne (UMR 7283), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, 13009 Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7283, 13009 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Van houcke J, De Groef L, Dekeyster E, Moons L. The zebrafish as a gerontology model in nervous system aging, disease, and repair. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:358-68. [PMID: 26538520 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Considering the increasing number of elderly in the world's population today, developing effective treatments for age-related pathologies is one of the biggest challenges in modern medical research. Age-related neurodegeneration, in particular, significantly impacts important sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, seriously constraining life quality of many patients. Although our understanding of the causal mechanisms of aging has greatly improved in recent years, animal model systems still have much to tell us about this complex process. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have gained enormous popularity for this research topic over the past decade, since their life span is relatively short but, like humans, they are still subject to gradual aging. In addition, the extensive characterization of its well-conserved molecular and cellular physiology makes the zebrafish an excellent model to unravel the underlying mechanisms of aging, disease, and repair. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress made in zebrafish gerontology, with special emphasis on nervous system aging. We review the evidence that classic hallmarks of aging can also be recognized within this small vertebrate, both at the molecular and cellular level. Moreover, we illustrate the high level of similarity with age-associated human pathologies through a survey of the functional deficits that arise as zebrafish age.
Collapse
|
220
|
Ruiz-Ramírez A, Barrios-Maya MA, López-Acosta O, Molina-Ortiz D, El-Hafidi M. Cytochrome c release from rat liver mitochondria is compromised by increased saturated cardiolipin species induced by sucrose feeding. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 309:E777-86. [PMID: 26353385 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00617.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c release from mitochondria has been described to be related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. With ROS generation being increased in fatty liver from sucrose-fed (SF) rats, we hypothesized that cytochrome c release might be positively associated with H2O2 generation from SF mitochondria. Surprisingly, cytochrome c release from mitochondria of SF liver was found to be significantly lower compared with control (C) mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate/malate or succinate. Exposure of mitochondria to exogenous superoxide radical generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system elicits a dose-response cytochrome c release in both control and SF mitochondria, but cytochrome c release remains lower in SF mitochondria compared with C mitochondria. Furthermore, the addition of ebselen, PEG-catalase, or catalase, a H2O2 scavenger, significantly reduces cytochrome c release from C and SF mitochondria. Our results suggest that both intra- and extramitochondrial H2O2 are involved in cytochrome c release, but the persisting difference between C and SF levels can be attributed to the differences in cardiolipin compositions. Indeed, the ratio of palmitic acid-rich cardiolipin species was found to be increased in lipid membrane from SF mitochondria compared with C mitochondria, whereas that of linoleic acid-rich cardiolipin species was found decreased. In addition, the content of tafazzin, a protein responsible for cardiolipin remodeling, was decreased in SF mitochondria. Therefore, we conclude that the changes observed in the composition of cardiolipin molecular species in SF mitochondria may be involved in cytochrome c interaction with mitochondrial inner membrane lipid and in its reduced release from SF mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico; and
| | - Miguel-Angel Barrios-Maya
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico; and
| | - Ocarol López-Acosta
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico; and
| | - Dora Molina-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico; and
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Bobela W, Aebischer P, Schneider BL. Αlpha-Synuclein as a Mediator in the Interplay between Aging and Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2675-700. [PMID: 26501339 PMCID: PMC4693253 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation and misfolding of the alpha-synuclein protein are core mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. While the normal function of alpha-synuclein is mainly related to the control of vesicular neurotransmission, its pathogenic effects are linked to various cellular functions, which include mitochondrial activity, as well as proteasome and autophagic degradation of proteins. Remarkably, these functions are also affected when the renewal of macromolecules and organelles becomes impaired during the normal aging process. As aging is considered a major risk factor for Parkinson's disease, it is critical to explore its molecular and cellular implications in the context of the alpha-synuclein pathology. Here, we discuss similarities and differences between normal brain aging and Parkinson's disease, with a particular emphasis on the nigral dopaminergic neurons, which appear to be selectively vulnerable to the combined effects of alpha-synuclein and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Bobela
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Aebischer
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
222
|
Moulin M, Solgadi A, Veksler V, Garnier A, Ventura-Clapier R, Chaminade P. Sex-specific cardiac cardiolipin remodelling after doxorubicin treatment. Biol Sex Differ 2015; 6:20. [PMID: 26478810 PMCID: PMC4608149 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-015-0039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Imbalance in lipid metabolism and membrane lipid homeostasis has been observed in numerous diseases including heart failure and cardiotoxicity. Growing evidence links phospholipid alterations especially cardiolipins (CLs) to defects in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in heart failure. We have shown recently that doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is more severe in male than female Wistar rats. We aimed to study whether this sex specificity is linked to differences in cardiac phospholipid profiles. Results Adult male and female rats were injected 2 mg/kg doxorubicin weekly for 7 weeks. Cardiac phospholipid molecular species were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry fragmentation (LC)/MSn. Sex difference in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine species containing docosahexaenoic and docosapentaenoic acyl chains was observed, females having more than males. In both sexes, doxorubicin induced an important loss of the main CL(18:2)4, while the level of monolysocardiolipin MLCL(18:2)3 remained stable. However, a severe remodelling appeared in treated rats with the longest CL acyl chains in doxorubicin-treated females, which might compensate for the loss of tetra-linoleoyl CL. The level of oxidized cardiolipin was not particularly increased after doxorubicin treatment. Finally, expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid appeared to be decreased in doxorubicin-treated males. Conclusions These results emphasize for the first time the cardiac remodelling in the phospholipid classes after doxorubicin treatment. These observations suggest that doxorubicin has a sex-specific impact on the heart phospholipidome especially on cardiolipin, an essential mitochondrial lipid. Further studies are needed to better understand the roles of lipids in the anthracycline cardiotoxicity and sex differences, but phospholipid cardioprotection seems a valuable new additive therapeutic strategy for anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-015-0039-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Moulin
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France ; Current address: Université Paris Diderot, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Solgadi
- SFR IPSIT (Institut Paris-Saclay d'Innovation Thérapeutique), Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France ; UMS IPSIT Service d'Analyse des Médicaments et Métabolites, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Anne Garnier
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Renée Ventura-Clapier
- UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pierre Chaminade
- SFR IPSIT (Institut Paris-Saclay d'Innovation Thérapeutique), Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France ; UMS IPSIT Service d'Analyse des Médicaments et Métabolites, Châtenay-Malabry, France ; Lip(Sys)2 ex EA4041, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| |
Collapse
|
223
|
Shi J, Dai W, Hale SL, Brown DA, Wang M, Han X, Kloner RA. Bendavia restores mitochondrial energy metabolism gene expression and suppresses cardiac fibrosis in the border zone of the infarcted heart. Life Sci 2015; 141:170-8. [PMID: 26431885 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We have observed that Bendavia, a mitochondrial-targeting peptide that binds the phospholipid cardiolipin and stabilizes the components of electron transport and ATP generation, improves cardiac function and prevents left ventricular remodeling in a 6week rat myocardial infarction (MI) model. We hypothesized that Bendavia restores mitochondrial biogenesis and gene expression, suppresses cardiac fibrosis, and preserves sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SERCA2a) level in the noninfarcted border zone of infarcted hearts. MAIN METHODS Starting 2h after left coronary artery ligation, rats were randomized to receive Bendavia (3mg/kg/day), water or sham operation. At 6weeks, PCR array and qRT-PCR was performed to detect gene expression. Picrosirius red staining was used to analyze collagen deposition. KEY FINDINGS There was decreased expression of 70 out of 84 genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism in the border zone of untreated hearts. This down-regulation was largely reversed by Bendavia treatment. Downregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose & fatty acid (FA) oxidation related genes were restored by administration of Bendavia. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP1) gene expression were significantly increased in the border zone of untreated hearts. Bendavia completely prevented up-regulation of MMP9, but maintained TIMP1 gene expression. Picrosirius red staining demonstrated that Bendavia suppressed collagen deposition within border zone. In addition, Bendavia showed a trend toward restoring SERCA2a expression. SIGNIFICANCE Bendavia restored expression of mitochondrial energy metabolism related genes, prevented myocardial matrix remodeling and preserved SERCA2a expression in the noninfarcted border, which may have contributed to the preservation of cardiac structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Shi
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States; Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Wangde Dai
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States; Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sharon L Hale
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States; Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Miao Wang
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Xianlin Han
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Robert A Kloner
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States; Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Paradies G, Paradies V, Ruggiero FM, Petrosillo G. Cardiolipin alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in heart ischemia/reperfusion injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.15.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
225
|
Altered Traffic of Cardiolipin during Apoptosis: Exposure on the Cell Surface as a Trigger for "Antiphospholipid Antibodies". J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:847985. [PMID: 26491702 PMCID: PMC4603604 DOI: 10.1155/2015/847985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis has been reported to induce changes in the remodelling of membrane lipids; after death receptor engagement, specific changes of lipid composition occur not only at the plasma membrane, but also in intracellular membranes. This paper focuses on one important aspect of apoptotic changes in cellular lipids, namely, the redistribution of the mitochondria-specific phospholipid, cardiolipin (CL). CL predominantly resides in the inner mitochondrial membrane, even if the rapid remodelling of its acyl chains and the subsequent degradation occur in other membrane organelles. After death receptor stimulation, CL appears to concentrate into mitochondrial “raft-like” microdomains at contact sites between inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, leading to local oligomerization of proapoptotic proteins, including Bid. Clustering of Bid in CL-enriched contacts sites is interconnected with pathways of CL remodelling that intersect membrane traffic routes dependent upon actin. In addition, CL association with cytoskeleton protein vimentin was observed. Such novel association also indicated that CL molecules may be expressed at the cell surface following apoptotic stimuli. This observation adds a novel implication of biomedical relevance. The association of CL with vimentin at the cell surface may represent a “new” target antigen in the context of the apoptotic origin of anti-vimentin/CL autoantibodies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
Collapse
|
226
|
Tang S, Xie M, Cao N, Ding S. Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Disease Modeling and Phenotypic Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2015; 59:2-15. [PMID: 26322868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell models are invaluable tools for studying diseases and discovering drugs. Human induced pluripotent stem cells, particularly derived from patients, are an advantageous resource for generating ample supplies of cells to create unique platforms that model disease. This manuscript will review recent developments in modeling a variety of diseases (including their cellular phenotypes) with induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patients. It will also describe how researchers have exploited these models to validate drugs as potential therapeutics for these devastating diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibing Tang
- Gladstone Institutes , 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Min Xie
- Gladstone Institutes , 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Nan Cao
- Gladstone Institutes , 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Sheng Ding
- Gladstone Institutes , 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Quarles EK, Dai DF, Tocchi A, Basisty N, Gitari L, Rabinovitch PS. Quality control systems in cardiac aging. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 23:101-15. [PMID: 25702865 PMCID: PMC4686341 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac aging is an intrinsic process that results in impaired cardiac function, along with cellular and molecular changes. These degenerative changes are intimately associated with quality control mechanisms. This review provides a general overview of the clinical and cellular changes which manifest in cardiac aging, and the quality control mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis and retarding aging. These mechanisms include autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated turnover, apoptosis, mitochondrial quality control and cardiac matrix homeostasis. Finally, we discuss aging interventions that have been observed to impact cardiac health outcomes. These include caloric restriction, rapamycin, resveratrol, GDF11, mitochondrial antioxidants and cardiolipin-targeted therapeutics. A greater understanding of the quality control mechanisms that promote cardiac homeostasis will help to understand the benefits of these interventions, and hopefully lead to further improved therapeutic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K Quarles
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| | - Dao-Fu Dai
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| | - Autumn Tocchi
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| | - Nathan Basisty
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| | - Lemuel Gitari
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| | - Peter S Rabinovitch
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Perspectives on the membrane fatty acid unsaturation/pacemaker hypotheses of metabolism and aging. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 191:48-60. [PMID: 26291495 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The membrane pacemaker hypotheses of metabolism and aging are distinct, but interrelated hypotheses positing that increases in unsaturation of lipids within membranes are correlated with increasing basal metabolic rate and decreasing longevity, respectively. The two hypotheses each have evidence that either supports or contradicts them, but consensus has failed to emerge. In this review, we identify sources of weakness of previous studies supporting and contradicting these hypotheses and suggest different methods and lines of inquiry. The link between fatty acyl composition of membranes and membrane-bound protein activity is a central tenet of the membrane pacemaker hypothesis of metabolism, but the mechanism by which unsaturation would change protein activity is not well defined and, whereas fatty acid desaturases have been put forward by some as the mechanism behind evolutionary differences in fatty acyl composition of phospholipids among organisms, there have been no studies to differentiate whether desaturases have been more affected by natural selection on aging and metabolic rate than have elongases or acyltransferases. Past analyses have been hampered by potentially incorrect estimates of the peroxidizability of lipids and longevity of study animals, and by the confounding effect of phylogeny. According to some authors, body mass may also be a confounding effect that should be taken into account, though this is not universally accepted. Further research on this subject should focus more on mechanisms and take weaknesses of past studies into account.
Collapse
|
229
|
Reynolds S. Successful management of Barth syndrome: a systematic review highlighting the importance of a flexible and multidisciplinary approach. J Multidiscip Healthc 2015; 8:345-58. [PMID: 26251611 PMCID: PMC4524586 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s54802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes and summarizes the available evidence related to the treatment and management of Barth syndrome. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were used to identify articles published between December 2004 and January 2015. The Cochrane Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome, Study Design (PICOS) approach was used to guide the article selection and evaluation process. Of the 128 articles screened, 28 articles matched the systematic review inclusion criteria. The results of this review indicate the need for a flexible and multidisciplinary approach to manage the symptoms most commonly associated with Barth syndrome. It is recommended that a comprehensive care team should include individuals with Barth syndrome, their family members and caregivers, as well as medical, rehabilitative, nutritional, psychological, and educational professionals. The evidence for specific treatments, therapies, and techniques for individuals with Barth syndrome is currently lacking in both quality and quantity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Reynolds
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Vergara D, D'Alessandro M, Rizzello A, De Riccardis L, Lunetti P, Del Boccio P, De Robertis F, Trianni G, Maffia M, Giudetti AM. A lipidomic approach to the study of human CD4(+) T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurosci 2015. [PMID: 26205308 PMCID: PMC4513631 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipids play different important roles in central nervous system so that dysregulation of lipid pathways has been implicated in a growing
number of neurodegenerative disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most prevalent autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, with neurological symptoms caused by inflammation and demyelination. In this study, a lipidomic analysis was performed for the rapid profile of CD4+ T lymphocytes from MS patient and control samples in an untargeted approach. Methods A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry based approach was used for the analysis of lipid extracts using 9-aminoacridine as matrix. Lipids were analyzed in negative mode and selected species fragmented using MALDI tandem mass spectrometry for their structural assignments. Results The analysis reveals some modifications in the phospholipid pattern of MS CD4+ T lymphocytes with respect to healthy controls with a significant increase of cardiolipin species in MS samples. Conclusions These results demonstrate the feasibility of a MALDI-TOF approach for the analysis of CD4+ lipid extracts and suggest how alterations in the lipid metabolism characterized lymphocytes of MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Vergara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy. .,Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, "Giovanni Paolo II" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Piazzetta F. Muratore, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Michele D'Alessandro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Antonia Rizzello
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy. .,Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, "Giovanni Paolo II" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Piazzetta F. Muratore, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Lidia De Riccardis
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Francesca De Robertis
- Department of Neurology, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Piazzetta F. Muratore, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Trianni
- Department of Neurology, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Piazzetta F. Muratore, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Michele Maffia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy. .,Laboratory of Clinical Proteomic, "Giovanni Paolo II" Hospital, ASL-Lecce, Piazzetta F. Muratore, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Anna M Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Tocchi A, Quarles EK, Basisty N, Gitari L, Rabinovitch PS. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac aging. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1424-33. [PMID: 26191650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in most developed nations. While it has received the least public attention, aging is the dominant risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, as the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases increases dramatically with increasing age. Cardiac aging is an intrinsic process that results in impaired cardiac function, along with cellular and molecular changes. Mitochondria play a great role in these processes, as cardiac function is an energetically demanding process. In this review, we examine mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac aging. Recent research has demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction can disrupt morphology, signaling pathways, and protein interactions; conversely, mitochondrial homeostasis is maintained by mechanisms that include fission/fusion, autophagy, and unfolded protein responses. Finally, we describe some of the recent findings in mitochondrial targeted treatments to help meet the challenges of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Autumn Tocchi
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, USA.
| | - Ellen K Quarles
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, USA.
| | - Nathan Basisty
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, USA.
| | - Lemuel Gitari
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, USA.
| | - Peter S Rabinovitch
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 357470, Seattle, WA 98195-7470, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
232
|
Protective effects of dietary avocado oil on impaired electron transport chain function and exacerbated oxidative stress in liver mitochondria from diabetic rats. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2015; 47:337-53. [PMID: 26060181 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-015-9614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction, excessive ROS generation and lipid peroxidation are hallmarks of mitochondrial injury in the diabetic liver, with these alterations also playing a role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Enhanced mitochondrial sensitivity to lipid peroxidation during diabetes has been also associated to augmented content of C22:6 in membrane phospholipids. Thus, we aimed to test whether avocado oil, a rich source of C18:1 and antioxidants, attenuates the deleterious effects of diabetes on oxidative status of liver mitochondria by decreasing unsaturation of acyl chains of membrane lipids and/or by improving ETC functionality and decreasing ROS generation. Streptozocin-induced diabetes elicited a noticeable increase in the content of C22:6, leading to augmented mitochondrial peroxidizability index and higher levels of lipid peroxidation. Mitochondrial respiration and complex I activity were impaired in diabetic rats with a concomitant increase in ROS generation using a complex I substrate. This was associated to a more oxidized state of glutathione, All these alterations were prevented by avocado oil except by the changes in mitochondrial fatty acid composition. Avocado oil did not prevented hyperglycemia and polyphagia although did normalized hyperlipidemia. Neither diabetes nor avocado oil induced steatosis. These results suggest that avocado oil improves mitochondrial ETC function by attenuating the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in the liver of diabetic rats independently of a hypoglycemic effect or by modifying the fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes. These findings might have also significant implications in the progression of NAFLD in experimental models of steatosis.
Collapse
|
233
|
Katunga LA, Gudimella P, Efird JT, Abernathy S, Mattox TA, Beatty C, Darden TM, Thayne KA, Alwair H, Kypson AP, Virag JA, Anderson EJ. Obesity in a model of gpx4 haploinsufficiency uncovers a causal role for lipid-derived aldehydes in human metabolic disease and cardiomyopathy. Mol Metab 2015; 4:493-506. [PMID: 26042203 PMCID: PMC4443294 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipid peroxides and their reactive aldehyde derivatives (LPPs) have been linked to obesity-related pathologies, but whether they have a causal role has remained unclear. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) is a selenoenzyme that selectively neutralizes lipid hydroperoxides, and human gpx4 gene variants have been associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease in epidemiological studies. This study tested the hypothesis that LPPs underlie cardio-metabolic derangements in obesity using a high fat, high sucrose (HFHS) diet in gpx4 haploinsufficient mice (GPx4(+/-)) and in samples of human myocardium. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and GPx4(+/-) mice were fed either a standard chow (CNTL) or HFHS diet for 24 weeks, with metabolic and cardiovascular parameters measured throughout. Biochemical and immuno-histological analysis was performed in heart and liver at termination of study, and mitochondrial function was analyzed in heart. Biochemical analysis was also performed on samples of human atrial myocardium from a cohort of 103 patients undergoing elective heart surgery. RESULTS Following HFHS diet, WT mice displayed moderate increases in 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-adducts and carbonyl stress, and a 1.5-fold increase in GPx4 enzyme in both liver and heart, while gpx4 haploinsufficient (GPx4(+/-)) mice had marked carbonyl stress in these organs accompanied by exacerbated glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and liver steatosis. Although normotensive, cardiac hypertrophy was evident with obesity, and cardiac fibrosis more pronounced in obese GPx4(+/-) mice. Mitochondrial dysfunction manifesting as decreased fat oxidation capacity and increased reactive oxygen species was also present in obese GPx4(+/-) but not WT hearts, along with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes. Patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia exhibited significantly less GPx4 enzyme and greater HNE-adducts in their hearts, compared with age-matched non-diabetic patients. CONCLUSION These findings suggest LPPs are key factors underlying cardio-metabolic derangements that occur with obesity and that GPx4 serves a critical role as an adaptive countermeasure.
Collapse
Key Words
- 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal
- BMI, body mass index
- CNTL, control
- Coll1a1, collagen, type I, alpha
- Coll4a1, collagen, type IV, alpha 1
- EF, ejection fraction
- FS, fractional shortening
- GPx4, glutathione peroxidase 4
- Glutathione peroxidase 4
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HFHS, high fat, high sucrose
- Human heart
- IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- Inflammation
- LPPs, lipid peroxidation end products
- Lipid peroxidation
- Mitochondria
- Nrf2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2
- Obesity
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TG, triglycerides
- TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1
- TGF-β2, transforming growth factor beta 2
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- WT, wild type
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- β-MHC, β myosin heavy chain
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalage A. Katunga
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Preeti Gudimella
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Jimmy T. Efird
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- East Carolina Heart Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Scott Abernathy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Taylor A. Mattox
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Cherese Beatty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Timothy M. Darden
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Kathleen A. Thayne
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Hazaim Alwair
- East Carolina Heart Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Alan P. Kypson
- East Carolina Heart Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Jitka A. Virag
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ethan J. Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Cardiac metabolic pathways affected in the mouse model of barth syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128561. [PMID: 26030409 PMCID: PMC4451073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a mitochondrial phospholipid essential for electron transport chain (ETC) integrity. CL-deficiency in humans is caused by mutations in the tafazzin (Taz) gene and results in a multisystem pediatric disorder, Barth syndrome (BTHS). It has been reported that tafazzin deficiency destabilizes mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and affects supercomplex assembly. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Taz-knockdown on the mitochondrial proteomic landscape and metabolic processes, such as stability of respiratory chain supercomplexes and their interactions with fatty acid oxidation enzymes in cardiac muscle. Proteomic analysis demonstrated reduction of several polypeptides of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, including Rieske and cytochrome c1 subunits of complex III, NADH dehydrogenase alpha subunit 5 of complex I and the catalytic core-forming subunit of F0F1-ATP synthase. Taz gene knockdown resulted in upregulation of enzymes of folate and amino acid metabolic pathways in heart mitochondria, demonstrating that Taz-deficiency causes substantive metabolic remodeling in cardiac muscle. Mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes are destabilized in CL-depleted mitochondria from Taz knockdown hearts resulting in disruption of the interactions between ETC and the fatty acid oxidation enzymes, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, potentially affecting the metabolic channeling of reducing equivalents between these two metabolic pathways. Mitochondria-bound myoglobin was significantly reduced in Taz-knockdown hearts, potentially disrupting intracellular oxygen delivery to the oxidative phosphorylation system. Our results identify the critical pathways affected by the Taz-deficiency in mitochondria and establish a future framework for development of therapeutic options for BTHS.
Collapse
|
235
|
Hu C, Wang Y, Fan Y, Li H, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhang S, Han X, Wen C. Lipidomics revealed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis-induced hepatic lipid disorders corrected with treatment of baicalin in a murine model. AAPS J 2015; 17:711-22. [PMID: 25762447 PMCID: PMC4406959 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease. The current standard treatment with glucocorticoids (GCs) leads to many adverse effects, and its effectiveness is questionable. Thus, it is critical and urgent to find new drug(s) for treatment of IPF. Baicalin (BAI) is an attractive candidate for this purpose. Herein, utilizing shotgun lipidomics, we revealed that IPF could lead to a lipid disorder of the liver in an animal model induced by bleomycin and confirmed through histopathological studies of the lung. Lipidomics further demonstrated that this disorder could virtually be corrected after treatment with BAI, but not with dexamethasone (DEX) (a commonly used GC for treatment of IPF). In contrast, the treatment with DEX did not improve IPF but led to tremendous alterations in hepatic lipidomes and accumulation of fat in the liver, which was very different from the lipid disorder induced by IPF. The underpinning mechanisms of the IPF-resultant lipid disorder and DEX-induced lipotoxicity as revealed by shotgun lipidomics were extensively discussed. Taken together, the current study showed that IPF could lead to hepatic lipid disorder, which can be treated with BAI, and demonstrated that lipidomics could be a powerful tool for drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Hu
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Yiqi Wang
- />Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Haichang Li
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- />Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827 USA
| | - Jida Zhang
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Shuijuan Zhang
- />Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| | - Xianlin Han
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
- />Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827 USA
| | - Chengping Wen
- />College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 China
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Shaikh SR, Wassall SR, Brown DA, Kosaraju R. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Lipid Microclusters, and Vitamin E. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2015; 75:209-31. [PMID: 26015284 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased consumption of long-chain marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has potential health benefits for the general population and for select clinical populations. However, several key limitations remain in making adequate dietary recommendations on n-3 PUFAs in addition to translating the fatty acids into clinical trials for select diseases. One major constraint is an incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action of n-3 PUFAs. In this review, we highlight studies to show n-3 PUFA acyl chains reorganize the molecular architecture of plasma membrane sphingolipid-cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts and potentially sphingolipid-rich cholesterol-free domains and cardiolipin-protein scaffolds in the inner mitochondrial membrane. We also discuss the possibility that the effects of n-3 PUFAs on membrane organization could be regulated by the presence of vitamin E (α-tocopherol), which is necessary to protect highly unsaturated acyl chains from oxidation. Finally, we propose the integrated hypothesis, based predominately on studies in lymphocytes, cancer cells, and model membranes, that the mechanism by which n-3 PUFAs disrupt signaling microclusters is highly dependent on the type of lipid species that incorporate n-3 PUFA acyl chains. The current evidence suggests that n-3 PUFA acyl chains disrupt lipid raft formation by incorporating primarily into phosphatidylethanolamines but can also incorporate into other lipid species of the lipidome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Stephen R Wassall
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David A Brown
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Rasagna Kosaraju
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Paradies G, Paradies V, Ruggiero FM, Petrosillo G. Protective role of melatonin in mitochondrial dysfunction and related disorders. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:923-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1475-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
238
|
Li XX, Tsoi B, Li YF, Kurihara H, He RR. Cardiolipin and its different properties in mitophagy and apoptosis. J Histochem Cytochem 2015; 63:301-11. [PMID: 25673287 DOI: 10.1369/0022155415574818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique dimeric phospholipid that exists almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) in eukaryotic cells. Two chiral carbons and four fatty acyl chains in CL result in a flexible body allowing interactions with respiratory chain complexes and mitochondrial substrate carriers. Due to its high content of unsaturated fatty acids, CL is particularly prone to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative attacks. Under mild mitochondrial damage, CL is redistributed to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) and serves as a recognition signal for dysfunctional mitochondria, which are rapidly sequestered by autophagosomes. However, peroxidation of CL is far greater in response to severe stress than under normal or mild-damage conditions. The accumulation of oxidized CL on the OMM results in recruitment of Bax and formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), which releases Cytochrome c (Cyt c) from mitochondria. Over the past decade, the significance of CL in the function of mitochondrial bioenergy has been explored. Moreover, approaches to analyzing CL have become more effective and accurate. In this review, we discuss the unique structural features of CL as well as the current understanding of CL-based molecular mechanisms of mitophagy and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Li
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (XXL, BT, YFL, HK, RRH)
| | - Bun Tsoi
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (XXL, BT, YFL, HK, RRH)
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (XXL, BT, YFL, HK, RRH)
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (XXL, BT, YFL, HK, RRH)
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (XXL, BT, YFL, HK, RRH)
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Altered metabolomic profiles may be associated with sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in neonatal rats. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:788-99. [PMID: 25663300 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies demonstrate that inhaled anesthetics can cause neurodegeneration and neurobehavioral dysfunctions. Evidence suggests changes in cerebral metabolism following inhaled anesthetics treatment can perturb cerebral homeostasis, which may be associated with their induced neurotoxicity. Seven-day-old rat pups were divided into two groups: control group (Group C) and sevoflurane group (Group S, 3 % sevoflurane exposure for 6 h). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for analyzed differential metabolites of cerebral cortex in both groups, Also western blot, flow cytometry, enzymatic methods and electron microscopy were performed in various biochemical and anatomical assays. Sevoflurane exposure significantly elevated caspase-3 activation and ROS levels, decreased mitochondrial cardiolipin contents, and changed cellular ultrastructure in the cerebral cortex. Correspondingly, these results corroborated the GC-MS findings which showed altered metabolic pathways of glucose, amino acids, and lipids, as well as intracellular antioxidants and osmolyte systems in neonatal brain following prolonged exposure to high sevoflurane concentration. Our data indicate that sevoflurane anesthesia causes significant oxidative stress, neuroapoptosis, and cellular ultrastructure damage which is associated with altered brain metabotype in the neonatal rat. Our study also confirmed that GC-MS is a strategic and complementary platform for the metabolomic characterization of sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in the developing brain.
Collapse
|
240
|
Lu YW, Claypool SM. Disorders of phospholipid metabolism: an emerging class of mitochondrial disease due to defects in nuclear genes. Front Genet 2015; 6:3. [PMID: 25691889 PMCID: PMC4315098 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The human nuclear and mitochondrial genomes co-exist within each cell. While the mitochondrial genome encodes for a limited number of proteins, transfer RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nuclear genome. Of the multitude of mitochondrial disorders known to date, only a fifth are maternally inherited. The recent characterization of the mitochondrial proteome therefore serves as an important step toward delineating the nosology of a large spectrum of phenotypically heterogeneous diseases. Following the identification of the first nuclear gene defect to underlie a mitochondrial disorder, a plenitude of genetic variants that provoke mitochondrial pathophysiology have been molecularly elucidated and classified into six categories that impact: (1) oxidative phosphorylation (subunits and assembly factors); (2) mitochondrial DNA maintenance and expression; (3) mitochondrial protein import and assembly; (4) mitochondrial quality control (chaperones and proteases); (5) iron–sulfur cluster homeostasis; and (6) mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion). Here, we propose that an additional class of genetic variant be included in the classification schema to acknowledge the role of genetic defects in phospholipid biosynthesis, remodeling, and metabolism in mitochondrial pathophysiology. This seventh class includes a small but notable group of nuclear-encoded proteins whose dysfunction impacts normal mitochondrial phospholipid metabolism. The resulting human disorders present with a diverse array of pathologic consequences that reflect the variety of functions that phospholipids have in mitochondria and highlight the important role of proper membrane homeostasis in mitochondrial biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Pan J, Cheng X, Sharp M, Ho CS, Khadka N, Katsaras J. Structural and mechanical properties of cardiolipin lipid bilayers determined using neutron spin echo, small angle neutron and X-ray scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:130-138. [PMID: 25369786 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The detailed structural and mechanical properties of a tetraoleoyl cardiolipin (TOCL) bilayer were determined using neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy, small angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS, respectively), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We used MD simulations to develop a scattering density profile (SDP) model, which was then utilized to jointly refine SANS and SAXS data. In addition to commonly reported lipid bilayer structural parameters, component distributions were obtained, including the volume probability, electron density and neutron scattering length density. Of note, the distance between electron density maxima DHH (39.4 Å) and the hydrocarbon chain thickness 2DC (29.1 Å) of TOCL bilayers were both found to be larger than the corresponding values for dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) bilayers. Conversely, TOCL bilayers have a smaller overall bilayer thickness DB (36.7 Å), primarily due to their smaller headgroup volume per phosphate. SDP analysis yielded a lipid area of 129.8 Å(2), indicating that the cross-sectional area per oleoyl chain in TOCL bilayers (i.e., 32.5 Å(2)) is smaller than that for DOPC bilayers. Multiple sets of MD simulations were performed with the lipid area constrained at different values. The calculated surface tension versus lipid area resulted in a lateral area compressibility modulus KA of 342 mN m(-1), which is slightly larger compared to DOPC bilayers. Model free comparison to experimental scattering data revealed the best simulated TOCL bilayer from which detailed molecular interactions were determined. Specifically, Na(+) cations were found to interact most strongly with the glycerol hydroxyl linkage, followed by the phosphate and backbone carbonyl oxygens. Inter- and intra-lipid interactions were facilitated by hydrogen bonding between the glycerol hydroxyl and phosphate oxygen, but not with the backbone carbonyl. Finally, analysis of the intermediate scattering functions from NSE spectroscopy measurements of TOCL bilayers yielded a bending modulus KC of 1.06 × 10(-19) J, which was larger than that observed in DOPC bilayers. Our results show the physicochemical properties of cardiolin bilayers that may be important in explaining their functionality in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Pan
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
242
|
Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates oxidative stress and protects human gingival fibroblasts against cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide and butyric acid. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:144-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
243
|
Accumulating evidence for a role of oxidized phospholipids in infectious diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 72:1059-71. [PMID: 25410378 PMCID: PMC7079780 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) were originally discovered as by-products and mediators of chronic inflammation such as in atherosclerosis. Over the last years, an increasing body of evidence led to the notion that OxPL not only contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory processes but in addition play an integral role as modulators of inflammation during acute infections. Thereby, host defense mechanisms involve the generation of oxygen radicals that oxidize ubiquitously present phospholipids, which in turn act as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These OxPL-derived DAMPs can exhibit both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions that ultimately alter the host response to pathogens. In this review, we summarize the currently available data on the role of OxPL in infectious diseases.
Collapse
|
244
|
Almaida-Pagán PF, De Santis C, Rubio-Mejía OL, Tocher DR. Dietary fatty acids affect mitochondrial phospholipid compositions and mitochondrial gene expression of rainbow trout liver at different ages. J Comp Physiol B 2014; 185:73-86. [PMID: 25398637 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-014-0870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are among the first responders to various stressors that challenge the homeostasis of cells and organisms. Mitochondrial decay is generally associated with impairment in the organelle bioenergetics function and increased oxidative stress, and it appears that deterioration of mitochondrial inner membrane phospholipids (PL), particularly cardiolipin (CL), and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are among the main mechanisms involved in this process. In the present study, liver mitochondrial membrane PL compositions, lipid peroxidation, and mtDNA gene expression were analyzed in rainbow trout fed three diets with the same base formulation but with lipid supplied either by fish oil (FO), rapeseed oil (RO), or high DHA oil (DHA) during 6 weeks. Specifically, two feeding trials were performed using fish from the same population of two ages (1 and 3 years), and PL class compositions of liver mitochondria, fatty acid composition of individual PL classes, TBARS content, and mtDNA expression were determined. Dietary fatty acid composition strongly affected mitochondrial membrane composition from trout liver but observed changes did not fully reflect the diet, particularly when it contained high DHA. The changes were PL specific, CL being particularly resistant to changes in DHA. Some significant differences observed in expression of mtDNA with diet may suggest long-term dietary effects in mitochondrial gene expression which could affect electron transport chain function. All the changes were influenced by fish age, which could be related to the different growth rates observed between 1- and 3-year-old trout but that could also indicate age-related changes in the ability to maintain structural homeostasis of mitochondrial membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P F Almaida-Pagán
- School of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
245
|
Paradies G, Paradies V, Ruggiero FM, Petrosillo G. Oxidative stress, cardiolipin and mitochondrial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14205-18. [PMID: 25339807 PMCID: PMC4202349 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is today considered the most common form of chronic liver disease, affecting a high proportion of the population worldwide. NAFLD encompasses a large spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Obesity, hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia are the most important risk factors. The pathogenesis of NAFLD and its progression to fibrosis and chronic liver disease is still unknown. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the physiopathology of NAFLD, although the mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are still unclear. Oxidative stress is considered an important factor in producing lethal hepatocyte injury associated with NAFLD. Mitochondrial respiratory chain is the main subcellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may damage mitochondrial proteins, lipids and mitochondrial DNA. Cardiolipin, a phospholipid located at the level of the inner mitochondrial membrane, plays an important role in several reactions and processes involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as in mitochondrial dependent steps of apoptosis. This phospholipid is particularly susceptible to ROS attack. Cardiolipin peroxidation has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple tissues in several physiopathological conditions, including NAFLD. In this review, we focus on the potential roles played by oxidative stress and cardiolipin alterations in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with NAFLD.
Collapse
|
246
|
Malaguti C, La Guardia PG, Leite ACR, Oliveira DN, de Lima Zollner RL, Catharino RR, Vercesi AE, Oliveira HCF. Oxidative stress and susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition precedes the onset of diabetes in autoimmune non-obese diabetic mice. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1494-504. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.966706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
247
|
Alleman RJ, Katunga LA, Nelson MAM, Brown DA, Anderson EJ. The "Goldilocks Zone" from a redox perspective-Adaptive vs. deleterious responses to oxidative stress in striated muscle. Front Physiol 2014; 5:358. [PMID: 25278906 PMCID: PMC4166897 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Consequences of oxidative stress may be beneficial or detrimental in physiological systems. An organ system's position on the “hormetic curve” is governed by the source and temporality of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, proximity of ROS to moieties most susceptible to damage, and the capacity of the endogenous cellular ROS scavenging mechanisms. Most importantly, the resilience of the tissue (the capacity to recover from damage) is a decisive factor, and this is reflected in the disparate response to ROS in cardiac and skeletal muscle. In myocytes, a high oxidative capacity invariably results in a significant ROS burden which in homeostasis, is rapidly neutralized by the robust antioxidant network. The up-regulation of key pathways in the antioxidant network is a central component of the hormetic response to ROS. Despite such adaptations, persistent oxidative stress over an extended time-frame (e.g., months to years) inevitably leads to cumulative damages, maladaptation and ultimately the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Indeed, persistent oxidative stress in heart and skeletal muscle has been repeatedly demonstrated to have causal roles in the etiology of heart disease and insulin resistance, respectively. Deciphering the mechanisms that underlie the divergence between adaptive and maladaptive responses to oxidative stress remains an active area of research for basic scientists and clinicians alike, as this would undoubtedly lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we provide an overview of major types of ROS in striated muscle and the divergent adaptations that occur in response to them. Emphasis is placed on highlighting newly uncovered areas of research on this topic, with particular focus on the mitochondria, and the diverging roles that ROS play in muscle health (e.g., exercise or preconditioning) and disease (e.g., cardiomyopathy, ischemia, metabolic syndrome).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rick J Alleman
- Departments of Physiology, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lalage A Katunga
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Margaret A M Nelson
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - David A Brown
- Departments of Physiology, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Ethan J Anderson
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Recent advances in mitochondrial turnover during chronic muscle disuse. Integr Med Res 2014; 3:161-171. [PMID: 28664093 PMCID: PMC5481769 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic muscle disuse, such as that resulting from immobilization, denervation, or prolonged physical inactivity, produces atrophy and a loss of mitochondria, yet the molecular relationship between these events is not fully understood. In this review we attempt to identify the key regulatory steps mediating the loss of muscle mass and the decline in mitochondrial content and function. An understanding of common intracellular signaling pathways may provide much-needed insight into the possible therapeutic targets for treatments that will maintain aerobic energy metabolism and preserve muscle mass during disuse conditions.
Collapse
|
249
|
Chatfield KC, Sparagna GC, Sucharov CC, Miyamoto SD, Grudis JE, Sobus RD, Hijmans J, Stauffer BL. Dysregulation of cardiolipin biosynthesis in pediatric heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:251-9. [PMID: 24937604 PMCID: PMC4114989 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin, a unique phospholipid in the inner mitochondrial membrane, is critical for optimal mitochondrial function. CL abnormalities have been demonstrated in the failing rodent and adult human heart. The aim of this study was to determine whether abnormalities in CL content and the CL biosynthesis and remodeling pathways are present in pediatric idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). A cross-sectional analysis of myocardial tissue from 119 IDC and non-failing (NF) control samples was performed. Electrospray ionizing mass spectrometry was used to measure total CL and CL species content in LV tissue. RT-PCR was employed to measure gene expression of the enzymes in the CL biosynthesis and remodeling pathways in both the adult and pediatric heart. Significantly lower total and (18:2)4CL (the beneficial species) content was demonstrated in myocardium from pediatric patients with IDC compared to NF controls. Analysis of mitochondrial gene transcripts was used to demonstrate that there is no decrease in mitochondrial content. Expression of two biosynthesis enzymes and one remodeling enzyme was significantly lower in pediatric IDC compared to NF controls. Expression of two phospholipases involved in CL degradation were also altered, one up- and one down-regulated. Except for one remodeling enzyme, these changes are unique from those in the failing adult heart. Similar to what has been seen in adults and in a rat model of IDC, total and (18:2)4CL are lower in pediatric IDC. Unique CL species profiles are seen in heart tissue from children with IDC compared to adults. Differences in CL biosynthesis and remodeling enzyme expression likely explain the differences in CL profiles observed in IDC and implicate unique age-related mechanisms of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | | | - Carmen C Sucharov
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shelley D Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Rebecca D Sobus
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jamie Hijmans
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA; Division of Cardiology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Shaikh SR, Sullivan EM, Alleman RJ, Brown DA, Zeczycki TN. Increasing mitochondrial membrane phospholipid content lowers the enzymatic activity of electron transport complexes. Biochemistry 2014; 53:5589-91. [PMID: 25145682 DOI: 10.1021/bi500868g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Activities of the enzymes involved in cellular respiration are markedly influenced by the composition of the phospholipid environment of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Contrary to previous suppositions, we show that fusion of mitochondria isolated from healthy cardiac muscle with cardiolipin or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine results in a 2-6-fold reduction in the activity of complexes I, II, and IV. The activity of complex III was unaffected by increased phospholipid levels. Phospholipid content had an indiscriminate yet detrimental effect on the combined activities of complexes I+III and II+III. These results have strong implications for therapeutic lipid replacement strategies, in which phospholipid modification of the mitochondria is proposed to enhance mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|