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Mouse-Derived Isograft (MDI) In Vivo Tumor Models I. Spontaneous sMDI Models: Characterization and Cancer Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020244. [PMID: 30791466 PMCID: PMC6406567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Syngeneic in vivo tumor models are valuable for the development and investigation of immune-modulating anti-cancer drugs. In the present study, we established a novel syngeneic in vivo model type named mouse-derived isografts (MDIs). Spontaneous MDIs (sMDIs) were obtained during a long-term observation period (more than one to two years) of naïve and untreated animals of various mouse strains (C3H/HeJ, CBA/J, DBA/2N, BALB/c, and C57BL/6N). Primary tumors or suspicious tissues were assessed macroscopically and re-transplanted in a PDX-like manner as small tumor pieces into sex-matched syngeneic animals. Nine outgrowing primary tumors were histologically characterized either as adenocarcinomas, histiocytic carcinomas, or lymphomas. Growth of the tumor pieces after re-transplantation displayed model heterogeneity. The adenocarcinoma sMDI model JA-0009 was further characterized by flow cytometry, RNA-sequencing, and efficacy studies. M2 macrophages were found to be the main tumor infiltrating leukocyte population, whereas only a few T cells were observed. JA-0009 showed limited sensitivity when treated with antibodies against inhibitory checkpoint molecules (anti-mPD-1 and anti-mCTLA-4), but high sensitivity to gemcitabine treatment. The generated sMDI are spontaneously occurring tumors of low passage number, propagated as tissue pieces in mice without any tissue culturing, and thus conserving the original tumor characteristics and intratumoral immune cell populations.
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Wei X, Mao T, Li S, He J, Hou X, Li H, Zhan M, Yang X, Li R, Xiao J, Yuan S, Sun L. DT-13 inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer via glycolytic metabolism and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:120-131. [PMID: 30668361 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging hallmark of cancer is reprogrammed cellular metabolism, increased glycolytic metabolism is physiological characteristic of human malignant neoplasms. Saponin monomer 13 of the dwarf lilyturf tuber (DT-13) is the main steroidal saponin from Liriopes Radix, which has been reported to exert anti-inflammation and anti-tumor activities but low toxicity to normal tissue. However, the effect of DT-13 on metabolism process is still unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to characterize the role of DT-13 in glucose metabolism in colorectal cancer cells, and investigate whether the metabolism process is involved in the anti-cancer response of DT-13. METHODS Colony formation assay was employed to determine anti-proliferative effect induced by DT-13 at 2.5, 5, 10 μM. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were detected by Annexin V/PI staining and PI staining, respectively. Genetic inhibition of glycolytic metabolism was carried out by knockdown of GLUT1. Orthotopic implantation mouse model of colorectal cancer was used to assess in vivo antitumor effect of DT-13 (0.625, 1.25, 2.5 mg/kg). The chemoprevention effect of DT-13 (10mg/kg) was evaluated by using C57BL/6J APCmin mice model. Glycolytic-related key enzymes and AMPK pathway were detected by using quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Our results showed that cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by DT-13 in a dose-dependent manner. DT-13 inhibited glucose uptake, ATP generation, and reduced lactate production. Furthermore, DT-13 remarkably inhibited GLUT1 expression in both mRNA and protein levels. Knocking down of GLUT1 led to reduced inhibition of glucose uptake after DT-13 treatment. Moreover, deletion of GLUT1 decreased inhibitory ratio of DT-13 on cancer growth. Orthotopic implantation mouse model of colorectal cancer further confirmed that DT-13 inhibited colorectal cancer growth via blocking GLUT1 in vivo. In addition, C57BL/6J APCmin mice model revealed that DT-13 dramatically reduced the total number of spontaneous adenomas in intestinal, which further confirmed the anti-tumor activity of DT-13 in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the mechanistically investigation showed DT-13 activated AMPK and inhibited m-TOR to block cancer growth in vitro. CONCLUSION DT-13 is a potent anticancer agent for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingting Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijing Li
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyong He
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiming Li
- Tasly Research Institute, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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203
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Du H, Hirabayashi K, Ahn S, Kren NP, Montgomery SA, Wang X, Tiruthani K, Mirlekar B, Michaud D, Greene K, Herrera SG, Xu Y, Sun C, Chen Y, Ma X, Ferrone CR, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, Yeh JJ, Liu R, Savoldo B, Ferrone S, Dotti G. Antitumor Responses in the Absence of Toxicity in Solid Tumors by Targeting B7-H3 via Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:221-237.e8. [PMID: 30753824 PMCID: PMC6645919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The high expression across multiple tumor types and restricted expression in normal tissues make B7-H3 an attractive target for immunotherapy. We generated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B7-H3 (B7-H3.CAR-Ts) and found that B7-H3.CAR-Ts controlled the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, ovarian cancer and neuroblastoma in vitro and in orthotopic and metastatic xenograft mouse models, which included patient-derived xenograft. We also found that 4-1BB co-stimulation promotes lower PD-1 expression in B7-H3.CAR-Ts, and superior antitumor activity when targeting tumor cells that constitutively expressed PD-L1. We took advantage of the cross-reactivity of the B7-H3.CAR with murine B7-H3, and found that B7-H3.CAR-Ts significantly controlled tumor growth in a syngeneic tumor model without evident toxicity. These findings support the clinical development of B7-H3.CAR-Ts.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B7 Antigens/genetics
- B7 Antigens/immunology
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- CD28 Antigens/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coculture Techniques
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/adverse effects
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neuroblastoma/genetics
- Neuroblastoma/immunology
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Neuroblastoma/therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/immunology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Du
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Koichi Hirabayashi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sarah Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nancy Porterfield Kren
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie Ann Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Karthik Tiruthani
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel Michaud
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin Greene
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Silvia Gabriela Herrera
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chuang Sun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuhui Chen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cristina Rosa Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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204
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Tu MJ, Ho PY, Zhang QY, Jian C, Qiu JX, Kim EJ, Bold RJ, Gonzalez FJ, Bi H, Yu AM. Bioengineered miRNA-1291 prodrug therapy in pancreatic cancer cells and patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Cancer Lett 2019; 442:82-90. [PMID: 30389433 PMCID: PMC6311422 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our recent studies have revealed that microRNA-1291 (miR-1291) is downregulated in pancreatic cancer (PC) specimens and restoration of miR-1291 inhibits tumorigenesis of PC cells. This study is to assess the efficacy and underlying mechanism of our bioengineered miR-1291 prodrug monotherapy and combined treatment with chemotherapy. AT-rich interacting domain protein 3B (ARID3B) was verified as a new target for miR-1291, and miR-1291 prodrug was processed to mature miR-1291 in PC cells which surprisingly upregulated ARID3B mRNA and protein levels. Co-administration of miR-1291 with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (Gem-nP) largely increased the levels of apoptosis, DNA damage and mitotic arrest in PC cells, compared to mono-drug treatment. Consequently, miR-1291 prodrug improved cell sensitivity to Gem-nP. Furthermore, systemic administration of in vivo-jetPEI-formulated miR-1291 prodrug suppressed tumor growth in both PANC-1 xenograft and PC patients derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models to comparable degrees as Gem-nP alone, while combination treatment reduced tumor growth more ubiquitously and to the greatest degrees (70-90%), compared to monotherapy. All treatments were well tolerated in mice. In conclusion, biologic miR-1291 prodrug has therapeutic potential as a monotherapy for PC, and a sensitizing agent to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Pui Yan Ho
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Qian-Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Chao Jian
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jing-Xin Qiu
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Edward J Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Richard J Bold
- Department of Surgery, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Huichang Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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205
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Engineered bone for probing organotypic growth and therapy response of prostate cancer tumoroids in vitro. Biomaterials 2019; 197:296-304. [PMID: 30682644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic analysis of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) biology and therapy response critically depends upon clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) bone-like, organotypic culture. We here combine an engineered bone-mimetic environment (BME) with longitudinal microscopy to test the growth and therapy response of 3D PCa tumoroids. Besides promoting both tumor-cell autonomous and microenvironment-dependent growth in PCa cell lines and patient-derived xenograft cells, the BME enables in vivo-like tumor cell response to therapy, and reveals bone stroma dependent resistance to chemotherapy and BME-targeted localization and induction of cytoxicity by Radium-223. The BME platform will allow the propagation, compound screening and mechanistic dissection of patient-derived bone tumor isolates and applications toward personalized medicine.
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206
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Sato K, Niida A, Masuda T, Shimizu D, Tobo T, Kuroda Y, Eguchi H, Nakagawa T, Suzuki Y, Mimori K. Multiregion Genomic Analysis of Serially Transplanted Patient-derived Xenograft Tumors. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:21-27. [PMID: 30587497 PMCID: PMC6348396 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is a major cause underlying therapeutic difficulty of cancer. Although an understanding of ITH is critically important in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies, experimental models that enable the examination of ITH in a time series are lacking. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed an experimental approach based on patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice and a multiregional sequencing approach (MRA). The multiple regions of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and serially transplanted PDX tumors were analyzed via whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS Our PDX-MRA of CRC indicated the spatiotemporal genetic transition of ITH. It was found that the subclonal architecture of CRC dynamically changes during serial transplantation. Furthermore, our data suggest that environmental selective pressures drive the development of minor pre-existing subclones in PDX-MRA. CONCLUSION PDX-MRA is a useful tool for understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of ITH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Division of Health Medical Computational Science, Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Dai Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Taro Tobo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kuroda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
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207
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Zebrafish disease models in hematology: Highlights on biological and translational impact. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:620-633. [PMID: 30593895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has proven to be a versatile and reliable in vivo experimental model to study human hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies. As vertebrates, zebrafish has significant anatomical and biological similarities to humans, including the hematopoietic system. The powerful genome editing and genome-wide forward genetic screening tools have generated models that recapitulate human malignant hematopoietic pathologies in zebrafish and unravel cellular mechanisms involved in these diseases. Moreover, the use of zebrafish models in large-scale chemical screens has allowed the identification of new molecular targets and the design of alternative therapies. In this review we summarize the recent achievements in hematological research that highlight the power of the zebrafish model for discovery of new therapeutic molecules. We believe that the model is ready to give an immediate translational impact into the clinic.
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208
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Liu F, Zu X, Xie X, Liu K, Chen H, Wang T, Liu F, Bode AM, Zheng Y, Dong Z, Kim DJ. Ethyl gallate as a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor suppresses patient-derived esophageal tumor growth. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:533-543. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
| | - Xueyin Zu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
- The Pathophysiology Department; The School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Xiaomeng Xie
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
- The Pathophysiology Department; The School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute; University of Minnesota; Austin Minnesota
| | - Ting Wang
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
- The Pathophysiology Department; The School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute; University of Minnesota; Austin Minnesota
| | - Yan Zheng
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention; Zhengzhou Henan China
- The Hormel Institute; University of Minnesota; Austin Minnesota
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute; Henan China
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209
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Fluorescent humanized anti-CEA antibody specifically labels metastatic pancreatic cancer in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37333-37342. [PMID: 30647873 PMCID: PMC6324662 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease in part due to incomplete tumor resection. Targeting by tumor-specific antibodies conjugated with a fluorescent label can result in selective labeling of cancer in vivo for surgical navigation. In the present study, we describe a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft model of pancreatic cancer that recapitulated the disease on a gross and microscopic level, along with physiologic clinical manifestations. We additionally show that the use of an anti-CEA antibody conjugated to the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye, IRDye800CW, can selectively highlight the pancreatic cancer and its metastases in this model with a tumor-to-background ratio of 3.5 (SEM 0.9). The present results demonstrate the clinical potential of this labeling technique for fluorescence-guided surgery of pancreatic cancer.
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210
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Chauvin A, Boisvert FM. Clinical Proteomics in Colorectal Cancer, a Promising Tool for Improving Personalised Medicine. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040049. [PMID: 30513835 PMCID: PMC6313903 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common and the fourth most lethal cancer worldwide. In most of cases, patients are diagnosed at an advanced or even metastatic stage, thus explaining the high mortality. The lack of proper clinical tests and the complicated procedures currently used for detecting this cancer, as well as for predicting the response to treatment and the outcome of a patient's resistance in guiding clinical practice, are key elements driving the search for biomarkers. In the present overview, the different biomarkers (diagnostic, prognostic, treatment resistance) discovered through proteomics studies in various colorectal cancer study models (blood, stool, biopsies), including the different proteomic techniques used for the discovery of these biomarkers, are reviewed, as well as the various tests used in clinical practice and those currently in clinical phase. These studies define the limits and perspectives related to proteomic biomarker research for personalised medicine in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Chauvin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - François-Michel Boisvert
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
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211
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Zhang L, Liu Z, Kong C, Liu C, Yang K, Chen H, Huang J, Qian F. Improving Drug Delivery of Micellar Paclitaxel against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Coloading Itraconazole as a Micelle Stabilizer and a Tumor Vascular Manipulator. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802112. [PMID: 30444572 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although polymeric micelles of paclitaxel (PTX) significantly reduce excipient-induced toxicity compared with Taxol, they exhibit few clinical advantages in tumor inhibition and overall survival. To improve, itraconazole (ITA), an antifungal drug with potent anti-angiogenesis activity, is co-encapsulated together with PTX within the PEG-PLA micelles. The strong intermolecular interactions between the payloads inhibit drug crystallization and prevent drugs from binding with external proteins, render super-stable micelles upon dilution and exposure to biological environment, and enter the tumor cells through endocytosis. The co-encapsulated micelles show strong anti-proliferation potency against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and even PTX resistant NSCLC cells in vitro and significantly improve the drug accumulation within the tumor in vivo. Compared with PTX monotherapy or combination therapy using individual PTX and ITA micelles, the co-encapsulated micelle demonstrates strikingly superior efficacy in tumor growth inhibition, recurrence prevention, and reversion of PTX resistance, in Kras mutant patient derived xenografts, orthotropic models, and paclitaxel-resistance subcutaneous models. Besides the pharmacokinetic improvement, therapeutic benefits are also contributed by angiogenesis inhibition and blood vessel normalization by ITA. Utilizing the pharmaceutical and pharmacological synergies between the therapeutic agents, a simple yet effective design of a combination cancer nanomedicine that is industrially scalable and clinically translatable is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhengsheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chao Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medicine College, Beijing 100021, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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212
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Collins AT, Lang SH. A systematic review of the validity of patient derived xenograft (PDX) models: the implications for translational research and personalised medicine. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5981. [PMID: 30498642 PMCID: PMC6252062 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are increasingly being used in oncology drug development because they offer greater predictive value than traditional cell line models. Using novel tools to critique model validity and reliability we performed a systematic review to identify all original publications describing the derivation of PDX models of colon, prostate, breast and lung cancer. Validity was defined as the ability to recapitulate the disease of interest. The study protocol was registered with the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES). Searches were performed in Embase, MEDLINE and Pubmed up to July 2017. A narrative data synthesis was performed. We identified 105 studies of model validations; 29 for breast, 29 for colon, 25 for lung, 23 for prostate and 4 for multiple tissues. 133 studies were excluded because they did not perform any validation experiments despite deriving a PDX. Only one study reported following the ARRIVE guidelines; developed to improve the standard of reporting for animal experimentation. Remarkably, half of all breast (52%) and prostate (50%) studies were judged to have high concern, in contrast to 16% of colon and 28% of lung studies. The validation criteria that most commonly failed (evidence to the contrary) were: tissue of origin not proven and histology of the xenograft not comparable to the parental tumour. Overall, most studies were categorized as unclear because one or more validation conditions were not reported, or researchers failed to provide data for a proportion of their models. For example, failure to demonstrate tissue of origin, response to standard of care agents and to exclude development of lymphoma. Validation tools have the potential to improve reproducibility, reduce waste in research and increase the success of translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne T. Collins
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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213
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Coleman O, Henry M, O'Neill F, Roche S, Swan N, Boyle L, Murphy J, Meiller J, Conlon NT, Geoghegan J, Conlon KC, Lynch V, Straubinger NL, Straubinger RM, McVey G, Moriarty M, Meleady P, Clynes M. A Comparative Quantitative LC-MS/MS Profiling Analysis of Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Adjacent-Normal Tissue, and Patient-Derived Tumour Xenografts. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040045. [PMID: 30404163 PMCID: PMC6313850 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide; it develops in a relatively symptom-free manner, leading to rapid disease progression and metastasis, leading to a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. A lack of dependable diagnostic markers and rapid development of resistance to conventional therapies are among the problems associated with management of the disease. A better understanding of pancreatic tumour biology and discovery of new potential therapeutic targets are important goals in pancreatic cancer research. This study describes the comparative quantitative LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis of the membrane-enriched proteome of 10 human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 9 matched adjacent-normal pancreas and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in mice (10 at F1 generation and 10 F2). Quantitative label-free LC-MS/MS data analysis identified 129 proteins upregulated, and 109 downregulated, in PDAC, compared to adjacent-normal tissue. In this study, analysing peptide MS/MS data from the xenografts, great care was taken to distinguish species-specific peptides definitively derived from human sequences, or from mice, which could not be distinguished. The human-only peptides from the PDXs are of particular value, since only human tumour cells survive, and stromal cells are replaced during engraftment in the mouse; this list is, therefore, enriched in tumour-associated proteins, some of which might be potential therapeutic or diagnostic targets. Using human-specific sequences, 32 proteins were found to be upregulated, and 113 downregulated in PDX F1 tumours, compared to primary PDAC. Differential expression of CD55 between PDAC and normal pancreas, and expression across PDX generations, was confirmed by Western blotting. These data indicate the value of using PDX models in PDAC research. This study is the first comparative proteomic analysis of PDAC which employs PDX models to identify patient tumour cell-associated proteins, in an effort to find robust targets for therapeutic treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Coleman
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Fiona O'Neill
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Sandra Roche
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Niall Swan
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | | | - Jean Murphy
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Justine Meiller
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Neil T Conlon
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | | | - Kevin C Conlon
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Vincent Lynch
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Ninfa L Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Gerard McVey
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- St. Luke's Hospital, Highfield Road, Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland.
| | - Michael Moriarty
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- St. Luke's Hospital, Highfield Road, Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland.
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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214
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Gahete MD, Jimenez-Vacas JM, Alors-Perez E, Herrero-Aguayo V, Fuentes-Fayos AC, Pedraza-Arevalo S, Castaño JP, Luque RM. Mouse models in endocrine tumors. J Endocrinol 2018; 240:JOE-18-0571.R1. [PMID: 30475226 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors comprise a highly heterogeneous group of neoplasms that can arise from (neuro)endocrine cells, either from endocrine glands or from the widespread diffuse neuroendocrine system, and, consequently, are widely distributed throughout the body. Due to their diversity, heterogeneity and limited incidence, studying in detail the molecular and genetic alterations that underlie their development and progression is still a highly elusive task. This, in turn, hinders the discovery of novel therapeutic options for these tumors. To circumvent these limitations, numerous mouse models of endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors have been developed, characterized and used in pre-clinical, co-clinical (implemented in mouse models and patients simultaneously) and post-clinical studies, for they represent powerful and necessary tools in basic and translational tumor biology research. Indeed, different in vivo mouse models, including cell line-based xenografts (CDXs), patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMs), have been used to delineate the development, progression and behavior of human tumors. Results gained with these in vivo models have facilitated the clinical application in patients of diverse breakthrough discoveries made in this field. Herein, we review the generation, characterization and translatability of the most prominent mouse models of endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors reported to date, as well as the most relevant clinical implications obtained for each endocrine and neuroendocrine tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel D Gahete
- M Gahete, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, 14011, Spain
| | - Juan M Jimenez-Vacas
- J Jimenez-Vacas, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Emilia Alors-Perez
- E Alors-Perez, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Inmunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC) / University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- V Herrero-Aguayo, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- A Fuentes-Fayos, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arevalo
- S Pedraza-Arevalo, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- J Castaño, Dpt. of Cell Biology-University of Córdoba, IMIBIC-Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Cordoba, E-14004, Spain
| | - Raul M Luque
- R Luque, Dept of Cell Biology, Phisiology and Inmunology, Section of Cell Biology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, 14014, Spain
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215
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A patient derived xenograft model of cervical cancer and cervical dysplasia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206539. [PMID: 30365542 PMCID: PMC6203389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To develop a patient derived xenograft (PDX) model of cervical cancer and cervical dysplasia using the subrenal capsule. Methods Cervical cancer (12 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 1 Adenocarcinoma, 1 Adenosquamous Carcinoma), 7 cervical dysplasia biopsy and normal cervical tissues were transplanted beneath the renal capsule of immunocompromised NOD/SCID/gamma mice. Resulting tumours were harvested and portions serially transplanted into new recipient mice for up to three in vivo passages. Parent and xenograft tumours were examined by immunohistochemistry for p16INK41, HPV, and CD-45. Single cell suspensions of mixed mouse and human, or human only cell populations were also transplanted. Results The overall engraftment rate for the primary cervical cancer PDX model was 71.4 ±12.5% (n = 14). Tumours maintained morphological, histoarchitecture and immunohistochemical features of the parent tumour, and demonstrated invasiveness into local tissues. Single cell suspensions did not produce tumour growth in this model. Mean length of time (32.4 +/- 3.5 weeks) for the transplanted tissue to generate a tumour in the animal was similar between successive transplantations. Three of four xenografted cervical dysplasia tissues generated microscopic cystic structures resembling dysplastic cervical tissue. Normal cervical tissue (4 of 5 xenografted) also developed microscopic cervical tissue grafts. Conclusion The subrenal capsule can be used for a PDX model of human cervical cancer with a good engraftment rate and the ability to model in vivo characteristics of cervical cancer. For the first time we have demonstrated that cervical dysplasia and normal cervical tissue generated microscopic tissues in a PDX model.
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216
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Xiong G, Stewart RL, Chen J, Gao T, Scott TL, Samayoa LM, O'Connor K, Lane AN, Xu R. Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase 1 is essential for HIF-1α stabilization and TNBC chemoresistance. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4456. [PMID: 30367042 PMCID: PMC6203834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H) expression and collagen hydroxylation in cancer cells are necessary for breast cancer progression. Here, we show that P4H alpha 1 subunit (P4HA1) protein expression is induced in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2 positive breast cancer. By modulating alpha ketoglutarate (α-KG) and succinate levels P4HA1 expression reduces proline hydroxylation on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α, enhancing its stability in cancer cells. Activation of the P4HA/HIF-1 axis enhances cancer cell stemness, accompanied by decreased oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Inhibition of P4HA1 sensitizes TNBC to the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel and doxorubicin in xenografts and patient-derived models. We also show that increased P4HA1 expression correlates with short relapse-free survival in TNBC patients who received chemotherapy. These results suggest that P4HA1 promotes chemoresistance by modulating HIF-1-dependent cancer cell stemness. Targeting collagen P4H is a promising strategy to inhibit tumor progression and sensitize TNBC to chemotherapeutic agents. Hyperactivation of HIF-1α is crucial in progression of triple-negative breast cancer, but how HIF-1α stability is maintained in a hypoxia-independent manner is unclear. Here, the authors show collagen prolyl-4-hydroylase 1 stabilises HIF-1α and is involved in chemoresistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Xiong
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Rachel L Stewart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Tianyan Gao
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Timothy L Scott
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Luis M Samayoa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kathleen O'Connor
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ren Xu
- UK Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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217
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Wang Z, Fu S, Zhao J, Zhao W, Shen Z, Wang D, Duan J, Bai H, Wan R, Yu J, Wang S, Chen H, Chen B, Wang L, Wang J. Transbronchoscopic patient biopsy-derived xenografts as a preclinical model to explore chemorefractory-associated pathways and biomarkers for small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 440-441:180-188. [PMID: 30347283 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient tumor tissue is a major barrier for cancer biology research in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and has driven the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from biopsy tumor tissues. Here, we utilized transbronchoscopic biopsy specimens from SCLC tumors to establish PDXs and evaluated the genomic profile using next-generation sequencing and an RNA sequencing platform. The PDX establishment rate was 54.1% (40/74). PDXs largely recapitulated the major characteristics of their corresponding primary tumors, such as histopathology, genetic profile, and chemo-responsiveness. Compared with chemosensitive (chemo-S) PDXs, chemorefractory (chemo-R) PDXs demonstrated significant gene aberrances in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and a higher frequency of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-related genes. Phosphorylated ERK (pERK) was associated with chemo-R status. Patients with positive pERK expression demonstrated significantly inferior progression-free survival after first-line chemotherapy compared with that of patients who were negative for pERK (p < 0.001). Collectively, transbronchoscopic biopsy SCLC PDXs can serve as a model for genomic profiling and identifying biomarkers predictive of chemo-R status. Using PDXs, RTK-related gene aberrances and pERK expression were found to be associated with chemo-R SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Shen
- The BeiGene Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- GCP Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bolu Chen
- CATS Academy Boston, 2001 Washington Street, Braintree, MA, 02184, USA
| | - Lai Wang
- The BeiGene Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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218
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Kulkarni N, Alessandrì L, Panero R, Arigoni M, Olivero M, Ferrero G, Cordero F, Beccuti M, Calogero RA. Reproducible bioinformatics project: a community for reproducible bioinformatics analysis pipelines. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:349. [PMID: 30367595 PMCID: PMC6191970 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reproducibility of a research is a key element in the modern science and it is mandatory for any industrial application. It represents the ability of replicating an experiment independently by the location and the operator. Therefore, a study can be considered reproducible only if all used data are available and the exploited computational analysis workflow is clearly described. However, today for reproducing a complex bioinformatics analysis, the raw data and the list of tools used in the workflow could be not enough to guarantee the reproducibility of the results obtained. Indeed, different releases of the same tools and/or of the system libraries (exploited by such tools) might lead to sneaky reproducibility issues. Results To address this challenge, we established the Reproducible Bioinformatics Project (RBP), which is a non-profit and open-source project, whose aim is to provide a schema and an infrastructure, based on docker images and R package, to provide reproducible results in Bioinformatics. One or more Docker images are then defined for a workflow (typically one for each task), while the workflow implementation is handled via R-functions embedded in a package available at github repository. Thus, a bioinformatician participating to the project has firstly to integrate her/his workflow modules into Docker image(s) exploiting an Ubuntu docker image developed ad hoc by RPB to make easier this task. Secondly, the workflow implementation must be realized in R according to an R-skeleton function made available by RPB to guarantee homogeneity and reusability among different RPB functions. Moreover she/he has to provide the R vignette explaining the package functionality together with an example dataset which can be used to improve the user confidence in the workflow utilization. Conclusions Reproducible Bioinformatics Project provides a general schema and an infrastructure to distribute robust and reproducible workflows. Thus, it guarantees to final users the ability to repeat consistently any analysis independently by the used UNIX-like architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kulkarni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Alessandrì
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Panero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Olivero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrero
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Cordero
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Beccuti
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaele A Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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219
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Drug screening of biopsy-derived spheroids using a self-generated microfluidic concentration gradient. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14672. [PMID: 30279484 PMCID: PMC6168499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing drug screening of tissue derived from cancer patient biopsies using physiologically relevant 3D tumour models presents challenges due to the limited amount of available cell material. Here, we present a microfluidic platform that enables drug screening of cancer cell-enriched multicellular spheroids derived from tumour biopsies, allowing extensive anticancer compound screening prior to treatment. This technology was validated using cell lines and then used to screen primary human prostate cancer cells, grown in 3D as a heterogeneous culture from biopsy-derived tissue. The technology enabled the formation of repeatable drug concentration gradients across an array of spheroids without external fluid actuation, delivering simultaneously a range of drug concentrations to multiple sized spheroids, as well as replicates for each concentration. As proof-of-concept screening, spheroids were generated from two patient biopsies and a panel of standard-of-care compounds for prostate cancer were tested. Brightfield and fluorescence images were analysed to provide readouts of spheroid growth and health, as well as drug efficacy over time. Overall, this technology could prove a useful tool for personalised medicine and future drug development, with the potential to provide cost- and time-reduction in the healthcare delivery.
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220
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Lin S, Huang G, Cheng L, Li Z, Xiao Y, Deng Q, Jiang Y, Li B, Lin S, Wang S, Wu Q, Yao H, Cao S, Li Y, Liu P, Wei W, Pei D, Yao Y, Wen Z, Zhang X, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Cui S, Sun X, Qian X, Li P. Establishment of peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived humanized lung cancer mouse models for studying efficacy of PD-L1/PD-1 targeted immunotherapy. MAbs 2018; 10:1301-1311. [PMID: 30204048 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1518948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models used to evaluate efficacies of immune checkpoint inhibitors are insufficient or inaccurate. We thus examined two xenograft models used for this purpose, with the aim of optimizing them. One method involves the use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell line-derived xenografts (PBMCs-CDX model). For this model, we implanted human lung cancer cells into NOD-scid-IL2Rg-/- (NSI) mice, followed by injection of human PBMCs. The second method involves the use of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and CDX (HSPCs-CDX model). For this model, we first reconstituted the human immune system by transferring human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs-derived humanized model) and then transplanted human lung cancer cells. We found that the PBMCs-CDX model was more accurate in evaluating PD-L1/PD-1 targeted immunotherapies. In addition, it took only four weeks with the PBMCs-CDX model for efficacy evaluation, compared to 10-14 weeks with the HSPCs-CDX model. We then further established PBMCs-derived patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models, including an auto-PBMCs-PDX model using cancer and T cells from the same tumor, and applied them to assess the antitumor efficacies of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. We demonstrated that this PBMCs-derived PDX model was an invaluable tool to study the efficacies of PD-L1/PD-1 targeted cancer immunotherapies. Overall, we found our PBMCs-derived models to be excellent preclinical models for studying immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouheng Lin
- a Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Guohua Huang
- d Department of Respiratory medicine, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lin Cheng
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhen Li
- e MabSpace Biosciences Co. Ltd , Suzhou , China
| | - Yiren Xiao
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qiuhua Deng
- d Department of Respiratory medicine, Nanfang Hospital , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yuchuan Jiang
- f Department of Thoracic Oncology , Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Baiheng Li
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Simiao Lin
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Suna Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qiting Wu
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Huihui Yao
- g Department of Outpatient , The 91th Military Hospital , Jiaozuo , China
| | - Su Cao
- h Division of General Pediatrics , The 91th Military Hospital , Jiaozuo , China
| | - Yang Li
- i Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Pentao Liu
- j School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Centre , University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| | - Wei Wei
- k Guangdong Cord Blood Bank , Guangdong , China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yao Yao
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhesheng Wen
- f Department of Thoracic Oncology , Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xuchao Zhang
- l Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center , Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yilong Wu
- l Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center , Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- m Department of Radiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shuzhong Cui
- n Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- o Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | | | - Peng Li
- b Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China.,n Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Zhao Y, Shuen TWH, Toh TB, Chan XY, Liu M, Tan SY, Fan Y, Yang H, Lyer SG, Bonney GK, Loh E, Chang KTE, Tan TC, Zhai W, Chan JKY, Chow EKH, Chee CE, Lee GH, Dan YY, Chow PKH, Toh HC, Lim SG, Chen Q. Development of a new patient-derived xenograft humanised mouse model to study human-specific tumour microenvironment and immunotherapy. Gut 2018; 67:1845-1854. [PMID: 29602780 PMCID: PMC6145285 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the current therapeutic strategies for human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been proven to have limited effectiveness, immunotherapy becomes a compelling way to tackle the disease. We aim to provide humanised mouse (humice) models for the understanding of the interaction between human cancer and immune system, particularly for human-specific drug testing. DESIGN Patient-derived xenograft tumours are established with type I human leucocyte antigen matched human immune system in NOD-scid Il2rg-/- (NSG) mice. The longitudinal changes of the tumour and immune responses as well as the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors are investigated. RESULTS Similar to the clinical outcomes, the human immune system in our model is educated by the tumour and exhibits exhaustion phenotypes such as a significant declination of leucocyte numbers, upregulation of exhaustion markers and decreased the production of human proinflammatory cytokines. Notably, cytotoxic immune cells decreased more rapidly compared with other cell types. Tumour infiltrated T cells have much higher expression of exhaustion markers and lower cytokine production compared with peripheral T cells. In addition, tumour-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are found to be highly enriched in the tumour microenvironment. Interestingly, the tumour also changes gene expression profiles in response to immune responses by upregulating immune checkpoint ligands. Most importantly, in contrast to the NSG model, our model demonstrates both therapeutic and side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and ipilimumab. CONCLUSIONS Our work provides a model for immune-oncology study and a useful parallel-to-human platform for anti-HCC drug testing, especially immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | - Tan Boon Toh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xue Ying Chan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Sue Yee Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hechuan Yang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Shridhar Ganpathi Lyer
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Glenn Kunnath Bonney
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Eva Loh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Thiam Chye Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Guan Huei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pierce Kah-Hoe Chow
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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222
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Two novel camptothecin derivatives inhibit colorectal cancer proliferation via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:546-559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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223
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Sayles LC, Breese MR, Koehne AL, Leung SG, Lee AG, Liu HY, Spillinger A, Shah AT, Tanasa B, Straessler K, Hazard FK, Spunt SL, Marina N, Kim GE, Cho SJ, Avedian RS, Mohler DG, Kim MO, DuBois SG, Hawkins DS, Sweet-Cordero EA. Genome-Informed Targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma. Cancer Discov 2018; 9:46-63. [PMID: 30266815 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer for which treatment has remained essentially unchanged for more than 30 years. Osteosarcoma is characterized by widespread and recurrent somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA) and structural rearrangements. In contrast, few recurrent point mutations in protein-coding genes have been identified, suggesting that genes within SCNAs are key oncogenic drivers in this disease. SCNAs and structural rearrangements are highly heterogeneous across osteosarcoma cases, suggesting the need for a genome-informed approach to targeted therapy. To identify patient-specific candidate drivers, we used a simple heuristic based on degree and rank order of copy-number amplification (identified by whole-genome sequencing) and changes in gene expression as identified by RNA sequencing. Using patient-derived tumor xenografts, we demonstrate that targeting of patient-specific SCNAs leads to significant decrease in tumor burden, providing a road map for genome-informed treatment of osteosarcoma. SIGNIFICANCE: Osteosarcoma is treated with a chemotherapy regimen established 30 years ago. Although osteosarcoma is genomically complex, we hypothesized that tumor-specific dependencies could be identified within SCNAs. Using patient-derived tumor xenografts, we found a high degree of response for "genome-matched" therapies, demonstrating the utility of a targeted genome-informed approach.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne C Sayles
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Marcus R Breese
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Amanda L Koehne
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Stanley G Leung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alex G Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Heng-Yi Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Aviv Spillinger
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Avanthi T Shah
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Bogdan Tanasa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Krystal Straessler
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Florette K Hazard
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sheri L Spunt
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Neyssa Marina
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Grace E Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Soo-Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Raffi S Avedian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - David G Mohler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- Biostatistics Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Division of Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven G DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas S Hawkins
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - E Alejandro Sweet-Cordero
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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Kim H, Schaniel C. Modeling Hematological Diseases and Cancer With Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2243. [PMID: 30323816 PMCID: PMC6172418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) together with recent advances in genome editing, microphysiological systems, tissue engineering and xenograft models present new opportunities for the investigation of hematological diseases and cancer in a patient-specific context. Here we review the progress in the field and discuss the advantages, limitations, and challenges of iPSC-based malignancy modeling. We will also discuss the use of iPSCs and its derivatives as cellular sources for drug target identification, drug development and evaluation of pharmacological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huensuk Kim
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christoph Schaniel
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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225
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Callahan SJ, Tepan S, Zhang YM, Lindsay H, Burger A, Campbell NR, Kim IS, Hollmann TJ, Studer L, Mosimann C, White RM. Cancer modeling by Transgene Electroporation in Adult Zebrafish (TEAZ). Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.034561. [PMID: 30061297 PMCID: PMC6177007 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.034561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic animals are invaluable for modeling cancer genomics, but often require complex crosses of multiple germline alleles to obtain the desired combinations. Zebrafish models have advantages in that transgenes can be rapidly tested by mosaic expression, but typically lack spatial and temporal control of tumor onset, which limits their utility for the study of tumor progression and metastasis. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a method referred to as Transgene Electroporation in Adult Zebrafish (TEAZ). TEAZ can deliver DNA constructs with promoter elements of interest to drive fluorophores, oncogenes or CRISPR-Cas9-based mutagenic cassettes in specific cell types. Using TEAZ, we created a highly aggressive melanoma model via Cas9-mediated inactivation of Rb1 in the context of BRAFV600E in spatially constrained melanocytes. Unlike prior models that take ∼4 months to develop, we found that TEAZ leads to tumor onset in ∼7 weeks, and these tumors develop in fully immunocompetent animals. As the resulting tumors initiated at highly defined locations, we could track their progression via fluorescence, and documented deep invasion into tissues and metastatic deposits. TEAZ can be deployed to other tissues and cell types, such as the heart, with the use of suitable transgenic promoters. The versatility of TEAZ makes it widely accessible for rapid modeling of somatic gene alterations and cancer progression at a scale not achievable in other in vivo systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Callahan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Developmental Biology, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Gerstner Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stephanie Tepan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 2017 Summer Clinical Oncology Research Experience (SCORE) Program, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Hunter College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yan M Zhang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Helen Lindsay
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Alexa Burger
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Nathaniel R Campbell
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan-Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Isabella S Kim
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Travis J Hollmann
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Pathology, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Richard M White
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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226
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Chamberlain CE, German MS, Yang K, Wang J, VanBrocklin H, Regan M, Shokat KM, Ducker GS, Kim GE, Hann B, Donner DB, Warren RS, Venook AP, Bergsland EK, Lee D, Wang Y, Nakakura EK. A Patient-derived Xenograft Model of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Identifies Sapanisertib as a Possible New Treatment for Everolimus-resistant Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2702-2709. [PMID: 30254185 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) commonly develop advanced disease and require systemic therapy. However, treatment options remain limited, in part, because experimental models that reliably emulate PNET disease are lacking. We therefore developed a patient-derived xenograft model of PNET (PDX-PNET), which we then used to evaluate two mTOR inhibitor drugs: FDA-approved everolimus and the investigational new drug sapanisertib. PDX-PNETs maintained a PNET morphology and PNET-specific gene expression signature with serial passage. PDX-PNETs also harbored mutations in genes previously associated with PNETs (such as MEN1 and PTEN), displayed activation of the mTOR pathway, and could be detected by Gallium-68 DOTATATE PET-CT. Treatment of PDX-PNETs with either everolimus or sapanisertib strongly inhibited growth. As seen in patients, some PDX-PNETs developed resistance to everolimus. However, sapanisertib, a more potent inhibitor of the mTOR pathway, caused tumor shrinkage in most everolimus-resistant tumors. Our PDX-PNET model is the first available, validated PDX model for PNET, and preclinical data from the use of this model suggest that sapanisertib may be an effective new treatment option for patients with PNET or everolimus-resistant PNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chester E Chamberlain
- Center for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael S German
- Center for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Katherine Yang
- Center for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jason Wang
- Center for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Henry VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Melanie Regan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- Department of Cellular Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Gregory S Ducker
- Department of Cellular Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Grace E Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Byron Hann
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - David B Donner
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert S Warren
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alan P Venook
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Emily K Bergsland
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Danny Lee
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric K Nakakura
- Helen Diller Family HDF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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227
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Dang SC, Fan YY, Cui L, Chen JX, Qu JG, Gu M. PLK1 as a potential prognostic marker of gastric cancer through MEK-ERK pathway on PDTX models. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6239-6247. [PMID: 30288059 PMCID: PMC6163028 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s169880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PLK1 has been identified as having a great effect on cell division and maintaining genomic stability in mitosis, spindle assembly, and DNA damage response by current studies. Materials and methods We assessed PLK1 expression in cervical cancer tissues and cells. We have also evaluated the effects of PLK1 on gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Results Our results show that PLK1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Inhibition of PLK1 contributes cell cycle G2-phase arrest and inhibits the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of gastric cancer (GC) cells, whereas its overexpression promotes proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in these cells. Moreover, PLK1 inhibition reduces expression of pMEK and pERK. More importantly, in vivo by analyzing tumorigenesis in patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models, the inhibition of PLK1 activity by BI6727 significantly decreased the volume and weight of the tumors compared with control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Our results found that PLK1 has a significant impact on the survival of GC cells; it may become a prognostic judge, a potential therapeutic target, and a preventative biomarker of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chun Dang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Yi Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Xiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Qu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gu
- Zhenjiang Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China,
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228
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Wilson JJ, Chow KH, Labrie NJ, Branca JA, Sproule TJ, Perkins BRA, Wolf EE, Costa M, Stafford G, Rosales C, Mills KD, Roopenian DC, Hasham MG. Enhancing the efficacy of glycolytic blockade in cancer cells via RAD51 inhibition. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:169-182. [PMID: 30183475 PMCID: PMC6343731 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1507666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the early steps of the glycolysis pathway in cancers is a well-established therapeutic strategy; however, the doses required to elicit a therapeutic effect on the cancer can be toxic to the patient. Consequently, numerous preclinical and clinical studies have combined glycolytic blockade with other therapies. However, most of these other therapies do not specifically target cancer cells, and thus adversely affect normal tissue. Here we first show that a diverse number of cancer models – spontaneous, patient-derived xenografted tumor samples, and xenografted human cancer cells – can be efficiently targeted by 2-deoxy-D-Glucose (2DG), a well-known glycolytic inhibitor. Next, we tested the cancer-cell specificity of a therapeutic compound using the MEC1 cell line, a chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell line that expresses activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID). We show that MEC1 cells, are susceptible to 4,4ʹ-Diisothiocyano-2,2ʹ-stilbenedisulfonic acid (DIDS), a specific RAD51 inhibitor. We then combine 2DG and DIDS, each at a lower dose and demonstrate that this combination is more efficacious than fludarabine, the current standard- of- care treatment for CLL. This suggests that the therapeutic blockade of glycolysis together with the therapeutic inhibition of RAD51-dependent homologous recombination can be a potentially beneficial combination for targeting AID positive cancer cells with minimal adverse effects on normal tissue. Implications: Combination therapy targeting glycolysis and specific RAD51 function shows increased efficacy as compared to standard of care treatments in leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wilson
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Kin-Hoe Chow
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Nathan J Labrie
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Jane A Branca
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Thomas J Sproule
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Bryant R A Perkins
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Elise E Wolf
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Mauro Costa
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Grace Stafford
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Christine Rosales
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | | | - Derry C Roopenian
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
| | - Muneer G Hasham
- a Research Department , The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor , Maine , USA
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Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Endometrial Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082431. [PMID: 30126113 PMCID: PMC6121639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy of the genital tract among women in developed countries. Recently, a molecular classification of EC has been performed providing a system that, in conjunction with histological observations, reliably improves EC classification and enhances patient management. Patient-derived xenograft models (PDX) represent nowadays a promising tool for translational research, since they closely resemble patient tumour features and retain molecular and histological features. In EC, PDX models have already been used, mainly as an individualized approach to evaluate the efficacy of novel therapies and to identify treatment-response biomarkers; however, their uses in more global or holistic approaches are still missing. As a collaborative effort within the ENITEC network, here we describe one of the most extensive EC PDX cohorts developed from primary tumour and metastasis covering all EC subtypes. Our models are histologically and molecularly characterized and represent an excellent reservoir of EC tumour samples for translational research. This review compiles the information on current methods of EC PDX generation and their utility and provides new perspectives for the exploitation of these valuable tools in order to increase the success ratio for translating results to clinical practice.
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230
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Guo S, Gao S, Liu R, Shen J, Shi X, Bai S, Wang H, Zheng K, Shao Z, Liang C, Peng S, Jin G. Oncological and genetic factors impacting PDX model construction with NSG mice in pancreatic cancer. FASEB J 2018; 33:873-884. [PMID: 30091943 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800617r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) approach, which relies on direct transplantation of tumor specimens into an immunocompromised animal, is a commonly used method for investigating tumor therapy predictions in vivo. This study evaluated influencing factors, including clinical, oncological, and genetic variables, for a pancreatic PDX model in mice. Tumor specimens were obtained from 121 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection at the Changhai Pancreatic Surgery Medical Center (Shanghai, China) between April 2016 and February 2017. Pancreatic cancer (PC) samples <3 mm3 were subcutaneously implanted into the NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Once the xenograft reached 300-500 mm3 or reached 180 d after cell inoculation, the tumor was excised. Part of the tumor was subsequently transplanted to next-generation mice, and another part was analyzed by using immunohistochemistry. Among the 121 patients with PC, tumor xenograft was successfully generated in 86 patients (71.1%). Primary tumor >3.5 cm in size was independently associated with xenograft formation rate. In addition, several enriched mutated genes within the VEGF pathway and higher microvessel density were found in the positive group (with xenograft) compared with the negative group (without xenograft). We concluded that tumor size and mutated VEGF pathway in PC are important factors affecting PDX model construction with NSG mice.-Guo, S., Gao, S., Liu, R., Shen, J., Shi, X., Bai, S., Wang, H., Zheng, K., Shao, Z., Liang, C., Peng, S., Jin, G. Oncological and genetic factors impacting PDX model construction with NSG mice in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Suizhi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Rendong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Xiaohan Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Sijia Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Kailian Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Zhuo Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
| | | | - Siying Peng
- Beijing IDMO Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and
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231
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Van Nyen T, Moiola CP, Colas E, Annibali D, Amant F. Modeling Endometrial Cancer: Past, Present, and Future. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2348. [PMID: 30096949 PMCID: PMC6121384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common type of cancer of the female reproductive tract. Although prognosis is generally good for patients with low-grade and early-stage diseases, the outcomes for high-grade and metastatic/recurrent cases remain poor, since traditional chemotherapy regimens based on platinum and taxanes have limited effects. No targeted agents have been approved so far, although several new drugs have been tested without striking results in clinical trials. Over the last decades, many efforts have been made towards the establishment and development of preclinical models, aiming at recapitulating the structural and molecular determinants of the disease. Here, we present an overview of the most commonly used in vitro and in vivo models and discuss their peculiar features, describing their main applications and the value in the advancement of both fundamental and translational endometrial cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Van Nyen
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Cristian P Moiola
- Pathological Oncology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Institute of Research, CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eva Colas
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Institute of Research, CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute (Avl-NKI) and University Medical Centra (UMC), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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232
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Dai W, Liu J, Li Q, Liu W, Li YX, Li YY. A comparison of next-generation sequencing analysis methods for cancer xenograft samples. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:345-350. [PMID: 30055875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in cancer is influenced by the quality and purity of tissue samples. This issue is especially critical for patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, which have proven to be by far the best preclinical tool for investigating human tumor biology, because the sensitivity and specificity of NGS analysis in xenograft samples would be compromised by the contamination of mouse DNA and RNA. This definitely affects downstream analyses by causing inaccurate mutation calling and gene expression estimates. The reliability of NGS data analysis for cancer xenograft samples is therefore highly dependent on whether the sequencing reads derived from the xenograft could be distinguished from those originated from the host. That is, each sequence read needs to be accurately assigned to its original species. Here, we review currently available methodologies in this field, including Xenome, Disambiguate, bamcmp and pdxBlacklist, and provide guidelines for users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Dai
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation & Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jixiang Liu
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation & Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Quanxue Li
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation & Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Xue Li
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation & Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation & Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai 201203, China.
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233
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Patient-derived xenograft cryopreservation and reanimation outcomes are dependent on cryoprotectant type. J Transl Med 2018; 98:947-956. [PMID: 29520054 PMCID: PMC6072591 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are being increasingly utilized in preclinical oncologic research. Maintaining large colonies of early generation tumor-bearing mice is impractical and cost-prohibitive. Optimal methods for efficient long-term cryopreservation and subsequent reanimation of PDX tumors are critical to any viable PDX program. We sought to compare the performance of "Standard" and "Specialized" cryoprotectant media on various cryopreservation and reanimation outcomes in PDX tumors. Standard (10% DMSO media) and Specialized (Cryostor®) media were compared between overall and matched PDX tumors. Primary outcome was reanimation engraftment efficiency (REE). Secondary outcomes included time to tumor formation (TTF), time to harvest (TTH), and potential loss of unique PDX lines. Overall 57 unique PDX tumors underwent 484 reanimation engraftment attempts after previous cryopreservation. There were 10 unique PDX tumors cryopreserved with Standard (71 attempts), 40 with Specialized (272 attempts), and 7 with both (141 attempts). Median frozen time of reanimated tumors was 29 weeks (max. 177). Tumor pathology, original primary PDX growth rates, frozen storage times, and number of implantations per PDX model were similar between cryoprotectant groups. Specialized media resulted in superior REE (overall: 82 vs. 39%, p < 0.0001; matched: 97 vs. 36%, p < 0.0001; >52 weeks cryostorage: 59 vs. 9%, p < 0.0001), shorter TTF (overall 24 vs. 54 days, p = 0.0051; matched 18 vs. 53 days, p = 0.0013) and shorter TTH (overall: 64 vs. 89 days, p = 0.009; matched: 47 vs. 88 days, p = 0.0005) compared to Standard. Specialized media demonstrated improved REE with extended duration cryostorage (p = 0.048) compared to Standard. Potential loss of unique PDX lines was lower with Specialized media (9 vs. 35%, p = 0.017). In conclusion, cryopreservation with a specialized cryoprotectant appears superior to traditional laboratory-based media and can be performed with reliable reanimation even after extended cryostorage.
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234
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Abstract
The zinc metalloproteinase, PAPP-A, enhances local insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action through cleavage of inhibitory IGF-binding proteins, thereby increasing IGF available for IGF receptor-mediated cell proliferation, migration and survival. In many tumors, enhanced IGF receptor signaling is associated with tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. We will first discuss PAPP-A structure and function, and post-translational inhibitors of PAPP-A expression or proteolytic activity. We will then review the evidence supporting an important role for PAPP-A in many cancers, including breast, ovarian and lung cancer, and Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Conover
- From the Division of Endocrinology Mayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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235
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Wang H, Zhou L, Xie K, Wu J, Song P, Xie H, Zhou L, Liu J, Xu X, Shen Y, Zheng S. Polylactide-tethered prodrugs in polymeric nanoparticles as reliable nanomedicines for the efficient eradication of patient-derived hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2018; 8:3949-3963. [PMID: 30083272 PMCID: PMC6071539 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines have been extensively explored for cancer treatment, and their efficacies have arguably been proven in various cancer cell-derived xenograft (CDX) mouse models. However, they generally fail to show such therapeutic advantages in patients because of the huge pathological differences between human tumors and CDX models. Methods: In this study, we fabricated colloidal ultrastable nanomedicines from polymeric prodrugs and compared the therapeutic efficacies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) CDX and clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models, which closely mimic human tumor pathological properties. Working towards this goal, we esterified a highly potent SN38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin) agent using oligo- or polylactide (oLA or PLA) segments with varying molecular weights. Results: The resulting SN38 conjugates assembled with polyethylene glycol-block-polylactic acid to form systemically injectable nanomedicines. With increasing PLA chain length, the SN38 conjugates showed extended retention in the nanoparticles and superior antitumor activity, completely eradicating xenografted tumors in both mouse models. Our data implicate that these small-sized and ultrastable nanomedicines might also efficaciously treat cancer in patients. More interestingly, the systemically delivered nanomedicines notably alleviated the incidence of bloody diarrhea. Conclusion: Our studies demonstrate that the appropriate molecular editing of anticancer drugs enables the generation of better tolerated cytotoxic nanotherapy for cancer, which represents a potentially useful scaffold for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518112, P. R. China
| | - Liqian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Ke Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Penghong Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518112, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
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236
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Tamura H, Higa A, Hoshi H, Hiyama G, Takahashi N, Ryufuku M, Morisawa G, Yanagisawa Y, Ito E, Imai JI, Dobashi Y, Katahira K, Soeda S, Watanabe T, Fujimori K, Watanabe S, Takagi M. Evaluation of anticancer agents using patient-derived tumor organoids characteristically similar to source tissues. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:635-646. [PMID: 29917168 PMCID: PMC6072291 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor xenograft models represent a promising preclinical cancer model that better replicates disease, compared with traditional cell culture; however, their use is low-throughput and costly. To overcome this limitation, patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs) were established from human lung, ovarian and uterine tumor tissues, among others, to accurately and efficiently recapitulate the tissue architecture and function. PDOs were able to be cultured for >6 months, and formed cell clusters with similar morphologies to their source tumors. Comparative histological and comprehensive gene expression analyses proved that the characteristics of PDOs were similar to those of their source tumors, even following long-term expansion in culture. At present, 53 PDOs have been established by the Fukushima Translational Research Project, and were designated as Fukushima PDOs (F-PDOs). In addition, the in vivo tumorigenesis of certain F-PDOs was confirmed using a xenograft model. The present study represents a detailed analysis of three F-PDOs (termed REME9, 11 and 16) established from endometrial cancer tissues. These were used for cell growth inhibition experiments using anticancer agents. A suitable high-throughput assay system, with 96- or 384-well plates, was designed for each F-PDO, and the efficacy of the anticancer agents was subsequently evaluated. REME9 and 11 exhibited distinct responses and increased resistance to the drugs, as compared with conventional cancer cell lines (AN3 CA and RL95-2). REME9 and 11, which were established from tumors that originated in patients who did not respond to paclitaxel and carboplatin (the standard chemotherapy for endometrial cancer), exhibited high resistance (half-maximal inhibitory concentration >10 µM) to the two agents. Therefore, assay systems using F-PDOs may be utilized to evaluate anticancer agents using conditions that better reflect clinical conditions, compared with conventional methods using cancer cell lines, and to discover markers that identify the pharmacological effects of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirosumi Tamura
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Arisa Higa
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Hoshi
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Gen Hiyama
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Takahashi
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masae Ryufuku
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Gaku Morisawa
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yuka Yanagisawa
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Emi Ito
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Imai
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yuu Dobashi
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Katahira
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shu Soeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Watanabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Keiya Fujimori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Motoki Takagi
- Medical-Industrial Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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237
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Jiang Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li K, Li T, Chen X, Zhao S, Zhao S, Liu K, Dong Z. Establishment of lung cancer patient-derived xenograft models and primary cell lines for lung cancer study. J Transl Med 2018; 16:138. [PMID: 29788985 PMCID: PMC5964929 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is about 15% even with therapeutic drugs like tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Ideal models are urgently needed for exploring mechanisms and finding new drugs. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models and primary cells are both used to screen therapeutic regimens for cancer. However, PDX models and primary cells from the same patient are difficult to establish. Their consistency to the original tumor tissue is not well studied. Methods 31 lung cancer patient tissues were procured to establish the lung cancer PDX models and primary cell lines. Tumor growth measurements, histological and immunohistochemistry analysis, Western blotting, EGFR and K-RAS mutation detection and gefitinib sensitive assay were performed to evaluate the characteristic of established PDX models. Immunofluorescence analysis, anchorage-independent cell growth, Western blotting and gefitinib sensitive assay were performed to assay the characteristic of established primary cell lines. The whole-exome sequencing was used to compare the characteristic of the patient’s tumor tissue, established PDX and primary cell line. Results Twenty-one lung cancer PDX models (67.74%, 21/31) and ten primary cell lines (32.25%, 10/31) were established from patients’ tumor tissues. The histology and pathological immunohistochemistry of PDX xenografts are consistent with the patients’ tumor samples. Various signal pathways were activated in different PDX models (n = 5) and primary cell lines (n = 2). EGFR mutation PDX model and primary cell line (LG1) were sensitive to gefitinib treatment. The expression of CK8/18, TTF1 and NapsinA in LG1 and LG50 primary cells were also positive. And the activated signal pathways were activated in LG1 and LG50 primary cell lines. Furthermore, the gene mutation in PDX tumor tissues and primary cell line (LG50) was consistent with the mutation in LG50 patient’s tumor tissues. Conclusion These data suggested that established lung cancer PDX models and primary cell lines reserved mostly molecular characteristics of primary lung cancer and could provide a new tool to further understand the mechanisms and explore new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Tiepeng Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Simin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Song Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. .,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. .,The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. .,Henan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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238
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Jeena K, Manju CA, Sajesh KM, Gowd GS, Sivanarayanan TB, Mol C D, Manohar M, Nambiar A, Nair SV, Koyakutty M. Brain-Tumor-Regenerating 3D Scaffold-Based Primary Xenograft Models for Glioma Stem Cell Targeted Drug Screening. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:139-148. [PMID: 33405881 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSC) present a critical therapeutic challenge for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Drug screening against GSC demands development of novel in vitro and in vivo platforms that can mimic brain microenvironment and support GSC maintenance and tumorigenesis. Here, we report, a 3-dimensionel (3D) biomimetic macro-porous scaffold developed by incorporating hyaluronic acid, porcine brain extra cellular matrix (ECM) and growth factors that facilitates regeneration of GBM from primary GSCs, ex vivo and in vivo. After characterizing with human and rat GBM cell lines and neurospheres, human GSCs expressing Notch1, Sox-2, Nestin, and CD133 biomarkers were isolated from GBM patients, cultured in the 3D scaffold, and implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to develop patient derived xenograft (PDX) models. Aggressive growth pattern of PDX with formation of intratumoral vascularization was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histopathological and phenotypial features of the original tumors were retained in the PDX models. We used this regenerated GBM platform to screen novel siRNA nanotherapeutics targeting Notch, Sox-2, FAK signaling for its ability to inhibit the tumorigenic potential of GSCs. Current clinical drug, Temozolomide and an anticancer phytochemical, nanocurcumin, were used as controls. The siRNA nanoparticles showed excellent efficacy in inhibiting tumorigenesis by GSCs in vivo. Our study suggests that the brain-ECM mimicking scaffold can regenerate primary gliomas from GSCs in vitro and in vivo, and the same can be used as an effective platform for screening drugs against glioma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kottarapat Jeena
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, ‡Central Lab Animal Facility, and §Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Cheripelil Abraham Manju
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and §Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Koythatta Meethalveedu Sajesh
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - G Siddaramana Gowd
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Thangalazhi Balakrishnan Sivanarayanan
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Deepthi Mol C
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Maneesh Manohar
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Ajit Nambiar
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Shantikumar V Nair
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Manzoor Koyakutty
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Central Lab Animal Facility, and Department of Pathology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekkara, Kochi 682 041, India
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Preclinical evaluation of novel fatty acid synthase inhibitors in primary colorectal cancer cells and a patient-derived xenograft model of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24787-24800. [PMID: 29872506 PMCID: PMC5973868 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), a key enzyme of de novo lipogenesis, is upregulated in many cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC); increased FASN expression is associated with poor prognosis. Potent FASN inhibitors (TVBs) developed by 3-V Biosciences demonstrate anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo and a favorable tolerability profile in a Phase I clinical trial. However, CRC characteristics associated with responsiveness to FASN inhibition are not fully understood. We evaluated the effect of TVB-3664 on tumor growth in nine CRC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and investigated molecular and metabolic changes associated with CRC responsiveness to FASN inhibition. CRC cells and PDXs showed a wide range of sensitivity to FASN inhibition. TVB-3664 treatment showed significant response (reduced tumor volume) in 30% of cases. Anti-tumor effect of TVB-3664 was associated with a significant decrease in a pool of adenine nucleotides and alterations in lipid composition including a significant reduction in fatty acids and phospholipids and an increase in lactosylceramide and sphingomyelin in PDXs sensitive to FASN inhibition. Moreover, Akt, Erk1/2 and AMPK were major oncogenic pathways altered by TVBs. In summary, we demonstrated that novel TVB inhibitors show anti-tumor activity in CRC and this activity is associated with a decrease in activation of Akt and Erk1/2 oncogenic pathways and significant alteration of lipid composition of tumors. Further understanding of genetic and metabolic characteristics of tumors susceptible to FASN inhibition may enable patient selection and personalized medicine approaches in CRC.
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240
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He S, Hu B, Li C, Lin P, Tang WG, Sun YF, Feng FYM, Guo W, Li J, Xu Y, Yao QL, Zhang X, Qiu SJ, Zhou J, Fan J, Li YX, Li H, Yang XR. PDXliver: a database of liver cancer patient derived xenograft mouse models. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:550. [PMID: 29743053 PMCID: PMC5944069 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths and characterized by heterogeneity and drug resistance. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have been widely used in cancer research because they reproduce the characteristics of original tumors. However, the current studies of liver cancer PDX mice are scattered and the number of available PDX models are too small to represent the heterogeneity of liver cancer patients. To improve this situation and to complement available PDX models related resources, here we constructed a comprehensive database, PDXliver, to integrate and analyze liver cancer PDX models. Description Currently, PDXliver contains 116 PDX models from Chinese liver cancer patients, 51 of them were established by the in-house PDX platform and others were curated from the public literatures. These models are annotated with complete information, including clinical characteristics of patients, genome-wide expression profiles, germline variations, somatic mutations and copy number alterations. Analysis of expression subtypes and mutated genes show that PDXliver represents the diversity of human patients. Another feature of PDXliver is storing drug response data of PDX mice, which makes it possible to explore the association between molecular profiles and drug sensitivity. All data can be accessed via the Browse and Search pages. Additionally, two tools are provided to interactively visualize the omics data of selected PDXs or to compare two groups of PDXs. Conclusion As far as we known, PDXliver is the first public database of liver cancer PDX models. We hope that this comprehensive resource will accelerate the utility of PDX models and facilitate liver cancer research. The PDXliver database is freely available online at: http://www.picb.ac.cn/PDXliver/
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng He
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei-Guo Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun-Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fang-You-Min Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian-Lan Yao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Xue Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computing Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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241
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Poetz O, Dieze T, Hammer H, Weiß F, Sommersdorf C, Templin MF, Esdar C, Zimmermann A, Stevanovic S, Bedke J, Stenzl A, Joos TO. Peptide-Based Sandwich Immunoassay for the Quantification of the Membrane Transporter Multidrug Resistance Protein 1. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5788-5794. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Poetz
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbH Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Theresa Dieze
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Helen Hammer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbH Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Frederik Weiß
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbH Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Sommersdorf
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbH Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Templin
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Christina Esdar
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Stevanovic
- Eberhard Karls University, Department of Immunology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Eberhard Karls University, Department of Urology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Eberhard Karls University, Department of Urology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas O. Joos
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tuebingen, Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbH Markwiesenstrasse 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
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242
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Turner TH, Alzubi MA, Sohal SS, Olex AL, Dozmorov MG, Harrell JC. Characterizing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics in patient-derived xenograft models of metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018. [PMID: 29532339 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Basal-like breast cancers are aggressive and often metastasize to vital organs. Treatment is largely limited to chemotherapy. This study aims to characterize the efficacy of cancer therapeutics in vitro and in vivo within the primary tumor and metastatic setting, using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. METHODS We employed two basal-like, triple-negative PDX models, WHIM2 and WHIM30. PDX cells, obtained from mammary tumors grown in mice, were treated with twelve cancer therapeutics to evaluate their cytotoxicity in vitro. Four of the effective drugs-carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dacarbazine-were tested in vivo for their efficacy in treating mammary tumors, and metastases generated by intracardiac injection of tumor cells. RESULTS RNA sequencing showed that global gene expression of PDX cells grown in the mammary gland was similar to those tested in culture. In vitro, carboplatin was cytotoxic to WHIM30 but not WHIM2, whereas bortezomib, dacarbazine, and cyclophosphamide were cytotoxic to both lines. Yet, these drugs were ineffective in treating both primary and metastatic WHIM2 tumors in vivo. Carboplatin and cyclophosphamide were effective in treating WHIM30 mammary tumors and reducing metastatic burden in the brain, liver, and lungs. WHIM2 and WHIM30 metastases showed distinct patterns of cytokeratin and vimentin expression, regardless of treatment, suggesting that different tumor cell subpopulations may preferentially seed in different organs. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the utility of PDX models for studying the efficacy of therapeutics in reducing metastatic burden in specific organs. The differential treatment responses between two PDX models of the same intrinsic subtype, in both the primary and metastatic setting, recapitulates the challenges faced in treating cancer patients and highlights the need for combination therapies and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia H Turner
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mohammad A Alzubi
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Sahib S Sohal
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Amy L Olex
- Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - J Chuck Harrell
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. .,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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243
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NIRF Optical/PET Dual-Modal Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Heptamethine Carbocyanine Dye. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 2018:4979746. [PMID: 29706843 PMCID: PMC5863326 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4979746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Combining near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and nuclear imaging techniques provides a novel approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Here, we report the synthesis and characteristics of a dual-modality NIRF optical/positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probe using heptamethine carbocyanine dye and verify its feasibility in both nude mice and rabbits with orthotopic xenograft liver cancer. This dye, MHI-148, is an effective cancer-specific NIRF imaging agent and shows preferential uptake and retention in liver cancer. The corresponding NIRF imaging intensity reaches 109/cm2 tumor area at 24 h after injection in mice with HCC subcutaneous tumors. The dye can be further conjugated with radionuclide 68Ga (68Ga-MHI-148) for PET tracing. We applied the dual-modality methodology toward the detection of HCC in both patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDX) models and rabbit orthotopic transplantation models. NIRF/PET images showed clear tumor delineation after probe injection (MHI-148 and 68Ga-MHI-148). The tumor-to-muscle (T/M) standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios were obtained from PET at 1 h after injection of 68Ga-MHI-148, which was helpful for effectively capturing small tumors in mice (0.5 cm × 0.3 cm) and rabbits (1.2 cm × 1.8 cm). This cancer-targeting NIRF/PET dual-modality imaging probe provides a proof of principle for noninvasive detection of deep-tissue tumors in mouse and rabbit and is a promising technique for more accurate and early detection of HCC.
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244
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Allison Stewart C, Tong P, Cardnell RJ, Sen T, Li L, Gay CM, Masrorpour F, Fan Y, Bara RO, Feng Y, Ru Y, Fujimoto J, Kundu ST, Post LE, Yu K, Shen Y, Glisson BS, Wistuba I, Heymach JV, Gibbons DL, Wang J, Byers LA. Dynamic variations in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), ATM, and SLFN11 govern response to PARP inhibitors and cisplatin in small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28575-28587. [PMID: 28212573 PMCID: PMC5438673 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, with a 5-year survival <7%. A major barrier to progress is the absence of predictive biomarkers for chemotherapy and novel targeted agents such as PARP inhibitors. Using a high-throughput, integrated proteomic, transcriptomic, and genomic analysis of SCLC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and profiled cell lines, we identified biomarkers of drug sensitivity and determined their prevalence in patient tumors. In contrast to breast and ovarian cancer, PARP inhibitor response was not associated with mutations in homologous recombination (HR) genes (e.g., BRCA1/2) or HRD scores. Instead, we found several proteomic markers that predicted PDX response, including high levels of SLFN11 and E-cadherin and low ATM. SLFN11 and E-cadherin were also significantly associated with in vitro sensitivity to cisplatin and topoisomerase1/2 inhibitors (all commonly used in SCLC). Treatment with cisplatin or PARP inhibitors downregulated SLFN11 and E-cadherin, possibly explaining the rapid development of therapeutic resistance in SCLC. Supporting their functional role, silencing SLFN11 reduced in vitro sensitivity and drug-induced DNA damage; whereas ATM knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition enhanced sensitivity. Notably, SCLC with mesenchymal phenotypes (i.e., loss of E-cadherin and high epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature scores) displayed striking alterations in expression of miR200 family and key SCLC genes (e.g., NEUROD1, ASCL1, ALDH1A1, MYCL1). Thus, SLFN11, EMT, and ATM mediate therapeutic response in SCLC and warrant further clinical investigation as predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert J Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fatemah Masrorpour
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - You Fan
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rasha O Bara
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ying Feng
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical, San Rafael, CA 94901, USA
| | - Yuanbin Ru
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical, San Rafael, CA 94901, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samrat T Kundu
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Karen Yu
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical, San Rafael, CA 94901, USA
| | - Yuqiao Shen
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical, San Rafael, CA 94901, USA
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ignacio Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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245
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Williams JA. Using PDX for Preclinical Cancer Drug Discovery: The Evolving Field. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E41. [PMID: 29498669 PMCID: PMC5867567 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to create patient derived xenografts (PDXs) has evolved considerably from the breakthrough of the development of immune compromised mice. How researchers in drug discovery have utilized PDX of certain cancer types has also changed from traditionally selecting a few models to profile a drug, to opting to assess inter-tumor response heterogeneity by screening across a broad range of tumor models, and subsequently to enable clinical stratification strategies. As with all models and methodologies, imperfections with this approach are apparent, and our understanding of the fidelity of these models continues to expand. To date though, they are still viewed as one of the most faithful modeling systems in oncology. Currently, there are many efforts ongoing to increase the utility and translatability of PDXs, including introducing a human immune component to enable immunotherapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet A Williams
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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246
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Yen CS, Choy CS, Huang WJ, Huang SW, Lai PY, Yu MC, Shiue C, Hsu YF, Hsu MJ. A Novel Hydroxamate-Based Compound WMJ-J-09 Causes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Death via LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK-p63-Survivin Cascade. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:167. [PMID: 29545751 PMCID: PMC5837967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that hydroxamate-based compounds exhibit broad-spectrum pharmacological properties including anti-tumor activity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying hydroxamate derivative-induced cancer cell death remain incomplete understood. In this study, we explored the anti-tumor mechanisms of a novel aliphatic hydroxamate-based compound, WMJ-J-09, in FaDu head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. WMJ-J-09 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in FaDu cells. These actions were associated with liver kinase B1 (LKB1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation, transcription factor p63 phosphorylation, as well as modulation of p21 and survivin. LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK signaling blockade reduced WMJ-J-09’s enhancing effects in p63 phosphorylation, p21 elevation and survivin reduction. Moreover, WMJ-J-09 caused an increase in α-tubulin acetylation and interfered with microtubule assembly. Furthermore, WMJ-J-09 suppressed the growth of subcutaneous FaDu xenografts in vivo. Taken together, WMJ-J-09-induced FaDu cell death may involve LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK-p63-survivin signaling cascade. HDACs inhibition and disruption of microtubule assembly may also contribute to WMJ-J-09’s actions in FaDu cells. This study suggests that WMJ-J-09 may be a potential lead compound and warrant the clinical development in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sheng Yen
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Sing Choy
- Department of Emergency, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Community Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Ye Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Shiue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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247
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MEOHAS WALTER, GRANATO REGINAALCANTARA, GUIMARÃES JOÃOANTONIOMATHEUS, DIAS RHAYRABRAGA, FORTUNA-COSTA ANNELIESE, DUARTE MARIAEUGENIALEITE. PATIENT-DERIVED XENOGRAFTS AS A PRECLINICAL MODEL FOR BONE SARCOMAS. ACTA ORTOPEDICA BRASILEIRA 2018; 26:98-102. [PMID: 29983625 PMCID: PMC6032614 DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220182602186998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to reproduce a mouse model of bone sarcomas for use in cancer research. Methods: A fresh sample of the tumor tissue was implanted subcutaneously into nude mice. When the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) reached a volume of 1500 mm3, it was harvested for re-implantation into additional mice. Histology was used to compare the morphological characteristics of different generations of sarcoma xenografts with the primary tumor. Results: Sixteen sarcoma tissue samples were engrafted into nude mice. Nine patients were diagnosed with osteosarcoma, two with chondrosarcoma, two with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, one with synovial sarcoma, one with pleomorphic sarcoma, and one with Ewing’s sarcoma. PDX tumors were generated in 11 of the 16 implanted specimens (69% success rate in P1). Six P1 tumors grew sufficiently for transfer into additional mice, producing the P2 generation, and three P2 tumors established the P3 generation. Conclusion: PDX tumors generated from bone sarcomas were successfully established in immunodeficient mice and reproduced the characteristics of the primary tumor with a high degree of fidelity. The preclinical PDX model described herein may represent an important tool for translational oncology research and for evaluating therapeutic strategies for bone sarcomas. Level of Evidence I; Experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- WALTER MEOHAS
- Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Brazil
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248
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Zhao X, Wang X, Sun W, Cheng K, Qin H, Han X, Lin Y, Wang Y, Lang J, Zhao R, Zheng X, Zhao Y, shi J, Hao J, Miao QR, Nie G, Ren H. Precision design of nanomedicines to restore gemcitabine chemosensitivity for personalized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment. Biomaterials 2018; 158:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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249
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Bhadury J, Einarsdottir BO, Podraza A, Bagge RO, Stierner U, Ny L, Dávila López M, Nilsson JA. Hypoxia-regulated gene expression explains differences between melanoma cell line-derived xenografts and patient-derived xenografts. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23801-11. [PMID: 27009863 PMCID: PMC5029664 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell line-derived xenografts (CDXs) are an integral part of drug efficacy testing during development of new pharmaceuticals against cancer but their accuracy in predicting clinical responses in patients have been debated. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are thought to be more useful for predictive biomarker identification for targeted therapies, including in metastatic melanoma, due to their similarities to human disease. Here, tumor biopsies from fifteen patients and ten widely-used melanoma cell lines were transplanted into immunocompromised mice to generate PDXs and CDXs, respectively. Gene expression profiles generated from the tumors of these PDXs and CDXs clustered into distinct groups, despite similar mutational signatures. Hypoxia-induced gene signatures and overexpression of the hypoxia-regulated miRNA hsa-miR-210 characterized CDXs. Inhibition of hsa-miR-210 with decoys had little phenotypic effect in vitro but reduced sensitivity to MEK1/2 inhibition in vivo, suggesting down-regulation of this miRNA could result in development of resistance to MEK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Bhadury
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berglind O Einarsdottir
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agnieszka Podraza
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Olofsson Bagge
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Stierner
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Ny
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcela Dávila López
- The Bioinformatics Core Facility at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas A Nilsson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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250
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Zhao N, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Bai B, An J, Zhang H, Wu JB, Shi C. Optical imaging of gastric cancer with near-infrared heptamethine carbocyanine fluorescence dyes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57277-57289. [PMID: 27329598 PMCID: PMC5302988 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging agents are promising tools for noninvasive cancer imaging. Here, we explored the tumor-specific targeting ability of NIRF heptamethine carbocyanine MHI-148 dye in cultured gastric cancer cells, gastric cancer cell-derived and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models. We show that the NIRF dye specifically accumulated in tumor regions of both xenograft models, suggesting the potential utility of the dye for tumor-specific imaging and targeting in gastric cancer. We also demonstrated significant correlations between NIRF signal intensity and tumor volume in PDX models. Mechanistically, the higher cellular uptake of MHI-148 in gastric cancer cells than in normal cells was stimulated by hypoxia and activation of a group of organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) genes. Importantly, this NIRF dye was not retained in inflammatory stomach tissues induced by gastric ulcer in mice. In addition, fresh clinical gastric tumor specimens, when perfused with NIR dye, exhibited increased uptake of NIR dye in situ. Together, these results show the possibility of using NIRF dyes as novel candidate agents for clinical imaging and detection of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jiaze An
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jason Boyang Wu
- Urologic Oncology Research Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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