201
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Soler M, González-Bártulos M, Soriano-Castell D, Ribas X, Costas M, Tebar F, Massaguer A, Feliu L, Planas M. Identification of BP16 as a non-toxic cell-penetrating peptide with highly efficient drug delivery properties. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1652-63. [PMID: 24480922 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42422g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are an interesting source of non-cytotoxic drug delivery vectors. Herein, we report on the identification of a new cell-penetrating peptide (KKLFKKILKKL-NH2, BP16) from a set of antimicrobial peptides selected from a library of cecropin-melittin hybrids (CECMEL11) previously designed to be used in plant protection. This set of peptides was screened for their cytotoxicity against breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7, pancreas adenocarcinoma CAPAN-1 and mouse embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cell lines. BP16 resulted to be non-toxic against both malignant and non-malignant cells at concentrations up to 200 μM. We demonstrated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy that BP16 is mainly internalized in the cells through a clathrin dependent endocytosis and that it efficiently accumulates in the cell cytoplasm. We confirmed that the cell-penetrating properties of BP16 are retained after conjugating it to the breast tumor homing peptide CREKA. Furthermore, we assessed the potential of BP16 as a drug delivery vector by conjugating the anticancer drug chlorambucil to BP16 and to a CREKA-BP16 conjugate. The efficacy of the drug increased between 6 and 9 times when conjugated to BP16 and between 2 and 4.5 times when attached to the CREKA-BP16 derivative. The low toxicity and the excellent cell-penetrating properties clearly suggest that BP16 is a suitable vector for the delivery of therapeutic agents into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Soler
- QBIS-CAT Research Group, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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202
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Isolation and identification of an antiproliferative peptide derived from heated products of peptic hydrolysates of half-fin anchovy (Setipinna taty). J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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203
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Szczepanski C, Tenstad O, Baumann A, Martinez A, Myklebust R, Bjerkvig R, Prestegarden L. Identification of a novel lytic peptide for the treatment of solid tumours. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:186-200. [PMID: 25061502 PMCID: PMC4104761 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally known as host defence peptides for their substantial bacteriotoxic effects, many cationic antimicrobial peptides also exhibit a potent cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. Their mode of action is characterized mostly by electrostatic interactions with the plasma membrane, leading to membrane disruption and rapid necrotic cell death. In this work, we have designed a novel cationic peptide of 27 amino acids (Cypep-1), which shows efficacy against a number of cancer cell types, both in vitro and in vivo, while normal human fibroblasts were significantly less affected. Surface plasmon resonance experiments as well as liposome leakage assays monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a substantial binding affinity of Cypep-1 to negatively charged liposomes and induced significant leakage of liposome content after exposure to the peptide. The observed membranolytic effect of Cypep-1 was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as by time-lapse confocal microscopy. Pharmacokinetic profiling of Cypep-1 in rats showed a short plasma half-life after i.v. injection, followed mainly by retention in the liver, spleen and kidneys. Extremely low concentrations within the organs of the central nervous system indicated that Cypep-1 did not pass the blood-brain-barrier. Local treatment of 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma allografts by means of a single local bolus injection of Cypep-1 led to a significant reduction of tumour growth in the following weeks and prolonged survival. Detailed histological analysis of the treated tumours revealed large areas of necrosis. In sum, our findings show that the novel cationic peptide Cypep-1 displays a strong cytolytic activity against cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo and thus holds a substantial therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olav Tenstad
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Baumann
- Biorecognition Group, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Biorecognition Group, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Reidar Myklebust
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé, Luxembourg, Luxemburg
| | - Lars Prestegarden
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology, Dept. of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Dept. of Dermatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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204
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Conlon JM, Mechkarska M, Lukic ML, Flatt PR. Potential therapeutic applications of multifunctional host-defense peptides from frog skin as anti-cancer, anti-viral, immunomodulatory, and anti-diabetic agents. Peptides 2014; 57:67-77. [PMID: 24793775 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Frog skin constitutes a rich source of peptides with a wide range of biological properties. These include host-defense peptides with cytotoxic activities against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, and mammalian cells. Several hundred such peptides from diverse species have been described. Although attention has been focused mainly on antimicrobial activity, the therapeutic potential of frog skin peptides as anti-infective agents remains to be realized and no compound based upon their structures has yet been adopted in clinical practice. Consequently, alternative applications are being explored. Certain naturally occurring frog skin peptides, and analogs with improved therapeutic properties, show selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells and viruses and so have potential for development into anti-cancer and anti-viral agents. Some peptides display complex cytokine-mediated immunomodulatory properties. Effects on the production of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by peritoneal macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been observed so that clinical applications as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and immunostimulatory agents are possible. Several frog skin peptides, first identified on the basis of antimicrobial activity, have been shown to stimulate insulin release both in vitro and in vivo and so show potential as incretin-based therapies for treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review assesses the therapeutic possibilities of peptides from frogs belonging to the Ascaphidae, Alytidae, Pipidae, Dicroglossidae, Leptodactylidae, Hylidae, and Ranidae families that complement their potential role as anti-infectives for use against multidrug-resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Peter R Flatt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
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205
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Sheng M, Zhao Y, Zhang A, Wang L, Zhang G. The effect of LfcinB9 on human ovarian cancer cell SK-OV-3 is mediated by inducing apoptosis. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:803-10. [PMID: 24965354 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjia Sheng
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
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206
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Zhang Y, Song J, Zhang W, Liang R, Ma Y, Zhang L, Wei X, Ni J, Wang R. Functional properties of a novel hybrid antimicrobial peptide NS: potent antitumor activity and efficient plasmid delivery. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:785-93. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
- School of Pharmacy; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ranran Liang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yinyun Ma
- School of Pharmacy; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiaojin Wei
- School of Pharmacy; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jingman Ni
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
- School of Pharmacy; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
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207
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Mille BG, Peigneur S, Diego-García E, Predel R, Tytgat J. Partial transcriptomic profiling of toxins from the venom gland of the scorpion Parabuthus stridulus. Toxicon 2014; 83:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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208
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Wu D, Gao Y, Qi Y, Chen L, Ma Y, Li Y. Peptide-based cancer therapy: opportunity and challenge. Cancer Lett 2014; 351:13-22. [PMID: 24836189 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional cancer therapies mainly focus on mass cell killing without high specificity and often cause severe side effects and toxicities. Peptides are a novel class of anticancer agents that could specifically target cancer cells with lower toxicity to normal tissues, which will offer new opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment. Anticancer peptides face several therapeutic challenges. In this review, we present the sources and mechanisms of anticancer peptides and further discuss modification strategies to improve the anticancer effects of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Lixiang Chen
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
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209
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Lee MO, Jang HJ, Han JY, Womack JE. Chicken NK-lysin is an alpha-helical cationic peptide that exerts its antibacterial activity through damage of bacterial cell membranes. Poult Sci 2014; 93:864-70. [PMID: 24706963 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are important elements of the first line of defense against pathogens in animals, and an important constituent of innate immunity. Antimicrobial peptides act on a broad spectrum of microbial organisms. NK-Lysin is a cationic antibacterial peptide that was originally isolated from porcine intestinal tissue based on its antibacterial activity. We synthesized peptides corresponding to each helical region of chicken NK-lysin and analyzed their secondary structures in addition to their antimicrobial activity. Circular dichroism spectroscopy of the synthetic chicken NK-lysin (cNK-78) and 4 small peptides in negatively charged liposomes demonstrated transition in the conformation of α-helical peptides relative to the charged environment. Chicken NK-lysin inhibits the growth of a representative gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial activity of 2 peptides designated H23 and H34 was similar to that of mature NK-lysin, cNK-78. Microscopic analyses revealed the death of bacterium with disrupted membranes after peptide treatment, suggesting that chicken NK-lysin, an alpha-helical cationic peptide, exerts its antimicrobial activity by damaging the bacterial cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ok Lee
- World Class University Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea 151-742
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210
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The effect of Lfcin-B on non-small cell lung cancer H460 cells is mediated by inhibiting VEGF expression and inducing apoptosis. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:261-71. [PMID: 24691828 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Lfcin-B, an antimicrobial peptide found in various exocrine secretions of mammals, showed antitumor effects. However, the effect and relative mechanism of Lfcin-B on non-small cell lung cancer is unclear. In this study, assay of cell viability, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, annexin V/propidium iodide assay, flow cytometry and tumor-xenograft model were applied to elucidate the mechanism of Lfcin-B on non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 (H460) cells. Lfcin-B significantly suppressed the proliferation of H460 cells in vitro. Additionally, the transcription and translation of the VEGF gene in H460 cells were restrained after exposure to Lfcin-B. Moreover, the apoptosis of H460 cells was induced by Lfcin-B through stimulating caspase-3, caspase-9 and preventing survivin expression on both the transcription and translation level. Meanwhile, Lfcin-B increased the production of reactive oxygen species and suppressed the RNA of antioxidant enzymes (GPX1, GPX2, SOD3 and catalase) in H460 cells. Finally, Lfcin-B significantly prevented the tumor growth in the H460-bearing mice model. These results indicated that Lfcin-B could be a potential candidate for the treatment of lung cancer.
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211
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Mishra A, Gauri SS, Mukhopadhyay SK, Chatterjee S, Das SS, Mandal SM, Dey S. Identification and structural characterization of a new pro-apoptotic cyclic octapeptide cyclosaplin from somatic seedlings of Santalum album L. Peptides 2014; 54:148-58. [PMID: 24503375 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small cyclic peptides exhibiting potent biological activity have great potential for anticancer therapy. An antiproliferative cyclic octapeptide, cyclosaplin was purified from somatic seedlings of Santalum album L. (sandalwood) using gel filtration and RP-HPLC separation process. The molecular mass of purified peptide was found to be 858 Da and the sequence was determined by MALDI-ToF-PSD-MS as 'RLGDGCTR' (cyclic). The cytotoxic activity of the peptide was tested against human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell line in a dose and time-dependent manner. The purified peptide exhibited significant antiproliferative activity with an IC50 2.06 μg/mL. In a mechanistic approach, apoptosis was observed in differential microscopic studies for peptide treated MDA-MB-231 cells, which was further confirmed by mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation assay, cell cycle analysis and caspase 3 activities. The modeling and docking experiments revealed strong affinity (kcal/mol) of peptide toward EGFR and procaspase 3. The co-localization studies revealed that the peptide sensitizes MDA-MB-231 cells by possibly binding to EGFR and induces apoptosis. This unique cyclic octapeptide revealed to be a favorable candidate for development of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abheepsa Mishra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Samiran S Gauri
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav K Mukhopadhyay
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumya Chatterjee
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Shibendu S Das
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Santi M Mandal
- Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Satyahari Dey
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
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212
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Poon IKH, Baxter AA, Lay FT, Mills GD, Adda CG, Payne JAE, Phan TK, Ryan GF, White JA, Veneer PK, van der Weerden NL, Anderson MA, Kvansakul M, Hulett MD. Phosphoinositide-mediated oligomerization of a defensin induces cell lysis. eLife 2014; 3:e01808. [PMID: 24692446 PMCID: PMC3968744 DOI: 10.7554/elife.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) such as defensins are ubiquitously found innate immune molecules that often exhibit broad activity against microbial pathogens and mammalian tumor cells. Many CAPs act at the plasma membrane of cells leading to membrane destabilization and permeabilization. In this study, we describe a novel cell lysis mechanism for fungal and tumor cells by the plant defensin NaD1 that acts via direct binding to the plasma membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). We determined the crystal structure of a NaD1:PIP2 complex, revealing a striking oligomeric arrangement comprising seven dimers of NaD1 that cooperatively bind the anionic headgroups of 14 PIP2 molecules through a unique 'cationic grip' configuration. Site-directed mutagenesis of NaD1 confirms that PIP2-mediated oligomerization is important for fungal and tumor cell permeabilization. These observations identify an innate recognition system by NaD1 for direct binding of PIP2 that permeabilizes cells via a novel membrane disrupting mechanism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01808.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan KH Poon
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy A Baxter
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fung T Lay
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Grant D Mills
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher G Adda
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer AE Payne
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thanh Kha Phan
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gemma F Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie A White
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Prem K Veneer
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicole L van der Weerden
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marilyn A Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marc Kvansakul
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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213
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Camilio KA, Berge G, Ravuri CS, Rekdal O, Sveinbjørnsson B. Complete regression and systemic protective immune responses obtained in B16 melanomas after treatment with LTX-315. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:601-13. [PMID: 24676901 PMCID: PMC4024132 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive and deadliest form of skin cancer due to its highly metastatic potential, which calls for new and improved therapies. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) are naturally occurring molecules found in most species, in which they play a significant role in the first line of defense against pathogens, and several CAPs have shown promising potential as novel anticancer agents. Structure-activity relationship studies on the CAP bovine lactoferricin allowed us to de novo design short chemically modified lytic anticancer peptides. In the present study, we investigated the in vivo antitumor effects of LTX-315 against intradermally established B16 melanomas in syngeneic mice. Intratumoral administration of LTX-315 resulted in tumor necrosis and the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor parenchyma followed by complete regression of the tumor in the majority of the animals. LTX-315 induced the release of danger-associated molecular pattern molecules such as the high mobility group box-1 protein in vitro and the subsequent upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6 and IL18 in vivo. Animals cured by LTX-315 treatment were protected against a re-challenge with live B16 tumor cells both intradermally and intravenously. Together, our data indicate that intratumoral treatment with LTX-315 can provide local tumor control followed by protective immune responses and has potential as a new immunotherapeutic agent.
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214
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Cichoń T, Smolarczyk R, Matuszczak S, Barczyk M, Jarosz M, Szala S. D-K6L 9 peptide combination with IL-12 inhibits the recurrence of tumors in mice. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 62:341-51. [PMID: 24487722 PMCID: PMC4092230 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
D-K6L9 peptide is bound by phosphatidylserine and induces necrosis in cancer cells. In our therapeutic experience, this peptide, when administered directly into B16-F10 murine melanoma tumors, inhibited their growth. Cessation of therapy results, however, in tumor relapse. We aimed at developing a combined therapy involving D-K6L9 and additional factors that would yield complete elimination of tumor cells in experimental animals. To this purpose, we employed glycyrrhizin, an inhibitor of HMGB1 protein, BP1 peptide and interleukin (IL)-12. Glycyrrhizin or BP1, when combined with D-K6L9, inhibits growth of primary tumors only during the period of their administration. A long-term tumor growth inhibitory effect was obtained only in combining D-K6L9 with IL-12. At 2 months following therapy cessation, 60 % of animals were alive. Prolonged survival was noted in mice bearing B16-F10 tumors as well as in mice bearing C26 colon carcinoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Cichoń
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland,
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215
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Conlon JM, Mechkarska M. Host-defense peptides with therapeutic potential from skin secretions of frogs from the family pipidae. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2014; 7:58-77. [PMID: 24434793 PMCID: PMC3915195 DOI: 10.3390/ph7010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin secretions from frogs belonging to the genera Xenopus, Silurana, Hymenochirus, and Pseudhymenochirus in the family Pipidae are a rich source of host-defense peptides with varying degrees of antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicities to mammalian cells. Magainin, peptide glycine-leucine-amide (PGLa), caerulein-precursor fragment (CPF), and xenopsin-precursor fragment (XPF) peptides have been isolated from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from several species of Xenopus and Silurana. Hymenochirins and pseudhymenochirins have been isolated from Hymenochirus boettgeri and Pseudhymenochirus merlini. A major obstacle to the development of these peptides as anti-infective agents is their hemolytic activities against human erythrocytes. Analogs of the magainins, CPF peptides and hymenochirin-1B with increased antimicrobial potencies and low cytotoxicities have been developed that are active (MIC < 5 μM) against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Despite this, the therapeutic potential of frog skin peptides as anti-infective agents has not been realized so that alternative clinical applications as anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, or immunomodulatory drugs are being explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE.
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE.
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216
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Molecular mechanisms of anticancer action and cell selectivity of short α-helical peptides. Biomaterials 2013; 35:1552-61. [PMID: 24246647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of functional biomaterials and drugs with good biocompatibility towards host cells but with high potency against cancer cells is a challenging endeavor. By drawing upon the advantageous features of natural antimicrobial peptides and α-helical proteins, we have designed a new class of short α-helical peptides G(IIKK)(n)I-NH2 (n = 1-4) with different potency and high selectivity against cancer cells. We show that the peptides with n = 3 and 4 kill cancer cells effectively whilst remaining benign to the host cells at their working concentrations, through mechanistic processes similar to their bactericidal effects. The high cell selectivity could stem from their preferential binding to the outer cell membranes containing negative charges and high fluidity. In addition to rapid membrane-permeabilizing capacities, the peptides can also induce the programmed cell death of cancer cells via both mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway, without inducing non-specific immunogenic responses. Importantly, these peptides can also inhibit tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model without eliciting side effects. Whilst this study reveals the clinical potential of these peptides as potent drugs and for other medical and healthcare applications, it also points to the significance of fundamental material research in the future development of highly selective peptide functional materials.
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217
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Immune modulation by multifaceted cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptides. Nat Chem Biol 2013; 9:761-8. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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218
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Gupta K, Jang H, Harlen K, Puri A, Nussinov R, Schneider JP, Blumenthal R. Mechanism of membrane permeation induced by synthetic β-hairpin peptides. Biophys J 2013; 105:2093-103. [PMID: 24209854 PMCID: PMC3824417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the membrane destabilizing properties of synthetic amphiphilic cationic peptides, MAX1 and MAX35, which have the propensity to form β-hairpin structures under certain conditions, and a control non-β-hairpin-forming peptide MAX8V16E. All three peptides bind to liposomes containing a mixture of zwitterionic POPC and negatively charged POPS lipids as determined by Zeta potential measurements. Circular dichroism measurements indicated folding of MAX1 and MAX35 in the presence of the POPC/POPS liposomes, whereas no such folding was observed with MAX8V16E. There was no binding or folding of these peptides to liposomes containing only POPC. MAX1 and MAX35 induced release of contents from negatively charged liposomes, whereas MAX8V16E failed to promote solute release under identical conditions. Thus, MAX1 and MAX35 bind to, and fold at the surface of negatively charged liposomes adopting a lytic conformation. We ruled out leaky fusion as a mechanism of release by including 2 mol % PEG-PE in the liposomes, which inhibits aggregation/fusion but not folding of MAX or MAX-induced leakage. Using a concentration-dependent quenching probe (calcein), we determined that MAX-induced leakage of liposome contents was an all-or-none process. At MAX1 concentrations, which cause release of ~50% of the liposomes that contain small (R(h) <1.5 nm) markers, only ~15% of those liposomes release a fluorescent dextran of 40 kDa. A multimeric model of the pore is presented based on these results. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations show that barrels consisting of 10 β-hairpin MAX1 and MAX35 peptides are relatively more stable than MAX8V16E barrels in the bilayer, suggesting that barrels of this size are responsible for the peptides lytic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Gupta
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Kevin Harlen
- Peptide Design and Materials Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Anu Puri
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Peptide Design and Materials Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert Blumenthal
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
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219
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Gu Y, Dong N, Shan A, Ma Q, Li J, Cheng B. Antitumor effect of the antimicrobial peptide GLI13-8 derived from domain of the avian β-defensin-4. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2013; 45:904-11. [PMID: 24047976 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that GLI13-8, one of cationic antimicrobial peptides from linear avian β-defensin-4 (RL38) analogs, exhibited high antimicrobial activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In the present study, we reported the in vitro cytotoxicity of GLI13-8 using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results showed that the cytotoxicity of GLI13-8 in three human carcinoma cells (HepG2, SGC7901, and A375) was in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentration of GLI13-8 is <128 μM, it had no toxicity towards the normal human fibroblasts (MRC-5). The Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining assay, the Hoechst 33258/PI staining assay, the permeability of fluorescein macromolecules and scanning electron microscope assays, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, caspases-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) assays have been carried out. Results indicated that apoptosis was induced by GLI13-8 in HepG2 cells, and demonstrated that GLI13-8 induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, disruption of HepG2 cell membranes, and activation of caspase-3 and PARP. These findings suggested that GLI13-8 may be an effective agent for HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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220
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Mulder KCL, Lima LA, Miranda VJ, Dias SC, Franco OL. Current scenario of peptide-based drugs: the key roles of cationic antitumor and antiviral peptides. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:321. [PMID: 24198814 PMCID: PMC3813893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and host defense peptides (HDPs) show vast potential as peptide-based drugs. Great effort has been made in order to exploit their mechanisms of action, aiming to identify their targets as well as to enhance their activity and bioavailability. In this review, we will focus on both naturally occurring and designed antiviral and antitumor cationic peptides, including those here called promiscuous, in which multiple targets are associated with a single peptide structure. Emphasis will be given to their biochemical features, selectivity against extra targets, and molecular mechanisms. Peptides which possess antitumor activity against different cancer cell lines will be discussed, as well as peptides which inhibit virus replication, focusing on their applications for human health, animal health and agriculture, and their potential as new therapeutic drugs. Moreover, the current scenario for production and the use of nanotechnology as delivery tool for both classes of cationic peptides, as well as the perspectives on improving them is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C L Mulder
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasília, Brazil
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221
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In silico models for designing and discovering novel anticancer peptides. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2984. [PMID: 24136089 PMCID: PMC6505669 DOI: 10.1038/srep02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of therapeutic peptides in cancer therapy has been receiving considerable attention in the recent years. Present study describes the development of computational models for predicting and discovering novel anticancer peptides. Preliminary analysis revealed that Cys, Gly, Ile, Lys, and Trp are dominated at various positions in anticancer peptides. Support vector machine models were developed using amino acid composition and binary profiles as input features on main dataset that contains experimentally validated anticancer peptides and random peptides derived from SwissProt database. In addition, models were developed on alternate dataset that contains antimicrobial peptides instead of random peptides. Binary profiles-based model achieved maximum accuracy 91.44% with MCC 0.83. We have developed a webserver, which would be helpful in: (i) predicting minimum mutations required for improving anticancer potency; (ii) virtual screening of peptides for discovering novel anticancer peptides, and (iii) scanning natural proteins for identification of anticancer peptides (http://crdd.osdd.net/raghava/anticp/).
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222
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Hsiao YC, Wang KS, Tsai SH, Chao WT, Lung FDT. Anticancer activities of an antimicrobial peptide derivative of Ixosin-B amide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5744-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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223
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Gaspar D, Veiga AS, Castanho MARB. From antimicrobial to anticancer peptides. A review. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:294. [PMID: 24101917 PMCID: PMC3787199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms. Although AMPs have been essentially studied and developed as potential alternatives for fighting infectious diseases, their use as anticancer peptides (ACPs) in cancer therapy either alone or in combination with other conventional drugs has been regarded as a therapeutic strategy to explore. As human cancer remains a cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide, an urgent need of new, selective, and more efficient drugs is evident. Even though ACPs are expected to be selective toward tumor cells without impairing the normal body physiological functions, the development of a selective ACP has been a challenge. It is not yet possible to predict antitumor activity based on ACPs structures. ACPs are unique molecules when compared to the actual chemotherapeutic arsenal available for cancer treatment and display a variety of modes of action which in some types of cancer seem to co-exist. Regardless the debate surrounding the definition of structure-activity relationships for ACPs, great effort has been invested in ACP design and the challenge of improving effective killing of tumor cells remains. As detailed studies on ACPs mechanisms of action are crucial for optimizing drug development, in this review we provide an overview of the literature concerning peptides' structure, modes of action, selectivity, and efficacy and also summarize some of the many ACPs studied and/or developed for targeting different solid and hematologic malignancies with special emphasis on the first group. Strategies described for drug development and for increasing peptide selectivity toward specific cells while reducing toxicity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gaspar
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisbon, Portugal
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224
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Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides toward the Development of Novel Antibiotics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013; 6:1055-81. [PMID: 24276381 PMCID: PMC3817730 DOI: 10.3390/ph6081055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial agents have eradicated many infectious diseases and significantly improved our living environment. However, abuse of antimicrobial agents has accelerated the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, and there is an urgent need for novel antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted attention as a novel class of antimicrobial agents because AMPs efficiently kill a wide range of species, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, via a novel mechanism of action. In addition, they are effective against pathogens that are resistant to almost all conventional antibiotics. AMPs have promising properties; they directly disrupt the functions of cellular membranes and nucleic acids, and the rate of appearance of AMP-resistant strains is very low. However, as pharmaceuticals, AMPs exhibit unfavorable properties, such as instability, hemolytic activity, high cost of production, salt sensitivity, and a broad spectrum of activity. Therefore, it is vital to improve these properties to develop novel AMP treatments. Here, we have reviewed the basic biochemical properties of AMPs and the recent strategies used to modulate these properties of AMPs to enhance their safety.
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225
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Parker JP, Devocelle M, Marmion CJ. Derivatisation of an Anti-Cancer Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide and its Complexation to Platinum(II). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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226
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BF-30 selectively inhibits melanoma cell proliferation via cytoplasmic membrane permeabilization and DNA-binding in vitro and in B16F10-bearing mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 707:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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227
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Yang QZ, Wang C, Lang L, Zhou Y, Wang H, Shang DJ. Design of potent, non-toxic anticancer peptides based on the structure of the antimicrobial peptide, temporin-1CEa. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:1302-10. [PMID: 23609760 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the search for novel anticancer agents have indicated that the positively charged antimicrobial peptides have emerged as promising agents offering several advantages over the conventional anticancer drugs. As a naturally occurring, cationic, α-helical antimicrobial peptide, temproin-1CEa has been proved to exhibit a potent anticancer effect and a moderate hemolytic activity. In order to reduce the hemolytic activity of temporin-1CEa and improve its anticancer potency towards a range of human breast cancer cells, in the present study, six analogs of temporin-1CEa were rationally designed and synthesized. The amphipathicity levels and α-helical structural patterns of peptides were reserved, while their cationic property and hydrophobicity were changed. The results of MTT and hemolysis assay indicated that the analog peptides displayed an improved anticancer activity and showed an overall optimized therapeutic index. The hydrophobicity of peptides was positively correlated with their hemolytic and antitumor activities. Moreover, the data suggest a strategy of increasing the cationicity while maintaining the moderate hydrophobicity of naturally occurring amphipathic α-helical peptides to generate analogs with improved cytotoxicity against tumor cells but decreased activity against non-neoplastic cells such as human erythrocytes. This work highlights the potential for rational design and synthesis of improved antimicrobial peptides that have the capability to be used therapeutically for treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zhu Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
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228
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Wang C, Zhou Y, Li S, Li H, Tian L, Wang H, Shang D. Anticancer mechanisms of temporin-1CEa, an amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptide, in Bcap-37 human breast cancer cells. Life Sci 2013; 92:1004-14. [PMID: 23583573 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Temporin-1CEa, a 17-residue antimicrobial peptide, is known to exert broad-spectrum anticancer activity that acts preferentially on cancer cells instead of normal cells. However, the mechanism of cancer cell death induced by temporin-1CEa is weakly understood. MAIN METHODS Here, we investigated the cytotoxic and membrane-disrupting effects of temporin-1CEa on human breast cancer cell line Bcap-37, using MTT assay, electronic microscope observation, fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis. KEY FINDINGS The MTT assay indicated that one-hour temporin-1CEa treatment led to rapid cell death in either caspase-dependent or -independent manner. The electronic microscope observation suggested that temporin-1CEa exposure resulted in profound morphological changes in Bcap-37 cells. The fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that temporin-1CEa exhibited membrane-disrupting property characterized by induction of cell-surface phosphatidylserine exposure, elevation of plasma membrane permeability, and rapid transmembrane potential depolarization. Moreover, temporin-1CEa might also induce rapid cell death through mitochondria-involved mechanisms, including rapid intracellular Ca(2+) leakage, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δφm) and over-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). SIGNIFICANCE In summary, the present study indicates that temporin-1CEa triggers a rapid cytotoxicity in Bcap-37 cells through membrane-destruction and intracellular mechanisms involving mitochondria. These intracellular mechanisms and direct membrane-destruction effect were evaluated helping to understand the detail action of antimicrobial peptides in mammalian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
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229
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Wang C, Tian LL, Li S, Li HB, Zhou Y, Wang H, Yang QZ, Ma LJ, Shang DJ. Rapid cytotoxicity of antimicrobial peptide tempoprin-1CEa in breast cancer cells through membrane destruction and intracellular calcium mechanism. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60462. [PMID: 23577112 PMCID: PMC3618425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporin-1CEa is an antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin secretions of the Chinese brown frog (Rana chensinensis). We have previously reported the rapid and broad-spectrum anticancer activity of temporin-1CEa in vitro. However, the detailed mechanisms for temporin-1CEa-induced cancer cell death are still weakly understood. In the present study, the mechanisms of temporin-1CEa-induced rapid cytotoxicity on two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, were investigated. The MTT assay and the LDH leakage assay indicated that one-hour of incubation with temporin-1CEa led to cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The morphological observation using electronic microscopes suggested that one-hour exposure of temporin-1CEa resulted in profound morphological changes in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. The membrane-disrupting property of temporin-1CEa was further characterized by induction of cell-surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, elevation of plasma membrane permeability and rapid depolarization of transmembrane potential. Moreover, temporin-1CEa evoked intracellular calcium ion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevations as well as collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δφm). In summary, the present study indicates that temporin-1CEa triggers rapid cell death in breast cancer cells. This rapid cytotoxic activity might be mediated by both membrane destruction and intracellular calcium mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Li Tian
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Li
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Pharmacology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hui-Bing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - He Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing-Zhu Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - De-Jing Shang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Faculty of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- * E-mail:
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230
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Xu H, Chen CX, Hu J, Zhou P, Zeng P, Cao CH, Lu JR. Dual modes of antitumor action of an amphiphilic peptide A(9)K. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2731-7. [PMID: 23352040 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Following our recent report of attractive antibacterial properties of a designed amphiphilic peptide, A(9)K, we have investigated its antitumor activities by examining the modes of its action against different mammalian cell types. The peptide strongly inhibited the growth of cancerous HeLa cells and human promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells whilst remaining benign to the host cells, including Cos 7 cells, mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and human red blood cells. Images from SEM and fluorescence microscopy showed that A(9)K penetrated HeLa cell membranes and disrupted membrane structures, a feature broadly similar to that observed from its bactericidal actions. Further interactions of A(9)K with inner cellular membranes caused mitochondrial dysfunction associated with the F-actin reorganization and the decreased transcription of bcl-2 and c-myc genes, resulting in HeLa cell apoptosis in a mitochondria-induced apoptosis pathway. Thus A(9)K has high selectivity against cancerous cells and kills them by dual modes of action: membrane disruption and cell apoptosis. In addition, the peptide does not induce non-specific immunological effects and is not degraded by proteases. These features are crucial for developing their applications in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum East China, Qingdao 266555, China.
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231
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O'Connor S, Szwej E, Nikodinovic-Runic J, O'Connor A, Byrne AT, Devocelle M, O'Donovan N, Gallagher WM, Babu R, Kenny ST, Zinn M, Zulian QR, O'Connor KE. The anti-cancer activity of a cationic anti-microbial peptide derived from monomers of polyhydroxyalkanoate. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2710-8. [PMID: 23343631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradable polymer medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mclPHA), produced by Pseudomonas putida CA-3, was depolymerised and the predominant monomer (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid (R10) purified. R10 was conjugated to a d-peptide DP18 and its derivatives. All peptides conjugated with R10 exhibited greater anti-cancer activity compared to the unconjugated peptides. Unconjugated and conjugated peptides were cytocidal for cancer cells. Conjugation of R10 to peptides was essential for enhanced anti-proliferation activity, as unconjugated mixes did not result in enhancement of anti-cancer activity. The conjugation of R10 resulted in more rapid uptake of peptides into HeLa and MiaPaCa cells compared to unconjugated peptide. Both unconjugated and R10 conjugated peptides localized to the mitochondria of HeLa and MiaPaCa cells and induced apoptosis. Peptide conjugated with a terminally hydroxylated decanoic acid (ω-hydroxydecanoic acid) exhibited 3.3 and 6.3 fold higher IC(50) values compared to R10 conjugated peptide indicating a role for the position of the hydroxyl moiety in enhancement of anti-cancer activity. Conjugation of decanoic acid (C10) to peptides resulted in similar or higher IC(50) values compared to R10 conjugates but C10 conjugates did not exhibit any cancer selectivity. Combination studies showed that R10DP18L exhibited synergy with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and taxotere with IC(50) values in the nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O'Connor
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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232
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Kim SJ, Kim JS, Lee YS, Sim DW, Lee SH, Bahk YY, Lee KH, Kim EH, Park SJ, Lee BJ, Won HS. Structural characterization of de novo designed L5K5W model peptide isomers with potent antimicrobial and varied hemolytic activities. Molecules 2013; 18:859-76. [PMID: 23344198 PMCID: PMC6270530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to develop short antimicrobial peptides with simple amino acid compositions, we generated a series of undecapeptide isomers having the L5K5W formula. Amino acid sequences were designed to be perfectly amphipathic when folded into a helical conformation by converging leucines onto one side and lysines onto the other side of the helical axis. The single tryptophans, whose positions were varied in the primary structures, were located commonly at the critical amphipathic interface in the helical wheel projection. Helical conformations and the tryptophanyl environments of the 11 L5K5W peptides were confirmed and characterized by circular dichroism, fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All of the isomers exhibited a potent, broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity with just a slight variance in individual potency, whereas their hemolytic activities against human erythrocytes were significantly diversified. Interestingly, helical dispositions and fluorescence blue shifts of the peptides in aqueous trifluoroethanol solutions, rather than in detergent micelles, showed a marked linear correlation with their hemolytic potency. These results demonstrate that our de novo design strategy for amphipathic helical model peptides is effective for developing novel antimicrobial peptides and their hemolytic activities can be estimated in correlation with structural parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Jin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Yoo-Sup Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Dae-Won Sim
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Young-Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Sung-Jean Park
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 534-2 Yeonsu 3-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Won
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-701, Korea
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +82-43-840-3589; Fax: +82-43-852-3616
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233
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Liu S, Yang H, Wan L, Cheng J, Lu X. Penetratin-mediated delivery enhances the antitumor activity of the cationic antimicrobial peptide Magainin II. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:289-97. [PMID: 23286306 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) with antitumor activity have potential for use as novel antitumor agents because of their lower risk for induction of resistance. Of these peptides, magainin II (MG2) exhibited cytotoxicity in tumor cells only at high concentrations, likely due to the inefficiency of MG2 in cell membrane binding and cell entry. Conjugation to a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) might enhance the cytotoxicity of MG2 in tumor cells. Here, we constructed a fusion peptide MG2A by conjugating MG2 to the N-terminus of the CPP penetratin (Antp). It was found that the fusion peptide MG2A is more potent than unconjugated MG2 at tumor cell killing. The IC50s of MG2A for the tumor cells tested were at least 30 times lower than the IC50s of unconjugated MG2. These data indicate that conjugation to Antp significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of MG2 in tumor cells. Moreover, the IC50s of MG2A for tumor cells are within 2 to 3 μM, which are about three to five times lower than the IC50 for normal cells. Furthermore, chondroitin sulfate (CS) was found to be overexpressed on the surface of the tested tumor cells, and the cytotoxicity of MG2A could be inhibited by the addition of exogenous CS. These results suggest that binding of Antp to CS on tumor cells might be one important cause for the selective cytotoxicity of MG2A in tumor cells. Taken together, conjugation of MG2 to Antp can significantly enhance its antitumor activity, and the fusion of CAP to Antp might be an alternative for cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
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234
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Lemeshko VV. Electrical potentiation of the membrane permeabilization by new peptides with anticancer properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:1047-56. [PMID: 23262194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New polycationic peptides were designed on the basis of 16-mer and 14-mer fragments of the peptide BTM-P1, derived from the Cry11Bb protoxin. The peptides caused mitochondrial, but not red blood cell membrane permeabilization. Conjugation of the cell penetrating hepta-arginine vector to their N- or C-termini through two glycine residues resulted in more active peptides, which also permeabilized the red blood cells with a relatively high plasma membrane potential generated in the presence of valinomycin. The efficiency of the peptides was remarkably higher in the lower ionic strength media. The capability of the plasma membrane permeabilization of the normal red blood cells by the designed conjugated peptides and by known anticancer peptide R7-KLA was also strongly potentiated by the external electrical pulses applied to the cell suspension. These results open the new avenues of the local destruction of solid tumors using the combined "peptide--electrical pulses" synergistic treatment. The designed peptides were active against the human leukemia Jurkat cells but not against the normal wild type CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Lemeshko
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
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235
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Sand SL, Nissen-Meyer J, Sand O, Haug TM. Plantaricin A, a cationic peptide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum, permeabilizes eukaryotic cell membranes by a mechanism dependent on negative surface charge linked to glycosylated membrane proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:249-59. [PMID: 23142566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum C11 releases plantaricin A (PlnA), a cationic peptide pheromone that has a membrane-permeabilizing, antimicrobial effect. We have previously shown that PlnA may also permeabilize eukaryotic cells, with a potency that differs between cell types. It is generally assumed that cationic antimicrobial peptides exert their effects through electrostatic attraction to negatively charged phospholipids in the membrane. The aim of the present study was to investigate if removal of the negative charge linked to glycosylated proteins at the cell surface reduces the permeabilizing potency of PlnA. The effects of PlnA were tested on clonal rat anterior pituitary cells (GH(4) cells) using patch clamp and microfluorometric techniques. In physiological extracellular solution, GH(4) cells are highly sensitive to PlnA, but the sensitivity was dramatically reduced in solutions that partly neutralize the negative surface charge of the cells, in agreement with the notion that electrostatic interactions are probably important for the PlnA effects. Trypsination of cells prior to PlnA exposure also rendered the cells less sensitive to the peptide, suggesting that negative charges linked to membrane proteins are involved in the permeabilizing action. Finally, pre-exposure of cells to a mixture of enzymes that split carbohydrate residues from the backbone of glycosylated proteins also impeded the PlnA-induced membrane permeabilization. We conclude that electrostatic attraction between PlnA and glycosylated membrane proteins is probably an essential first step before PlnA can interact with membrane phospholipids. Deviating glycosylation patterns may contribute to the variation in PlnA sensitivity of different cell types, including cancerous cells and their normal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre L Sand
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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236
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Devocelle M. Targeted antimicrobial peptides. Front Immunol 2012; 3:309. [PMID: 23060887 PMCID: PMC3464401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Devocelle
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
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237
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Hansen T, Ausbacher D, Zachariassen ZG, Anderssen T, Havelkova M, Strøm MB. Anticancer activity of small amphipathic β²,²-amino acid derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:22-9. [PMID: 23085771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the anticancer activity from screening of a series of synthetic β(2,2)-amino acid derivatives that were prepared to confirm the pharmacophore model of short cationic antimicrobial peptides with high anti-Staphylococcal activity. The most potent derivatives against human Burkitt's lymphoma (Ramos) cells displayed IC(50) values below 8 μM, and low toxicity against human red blood cells (EC(50) > 200 μM). A more than 5-fold preference for Ramos cancer cells compared to human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) was also obtained for the most promising β(2,2)-amino acid derivative 3-amino-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2,2-bis(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)propanamide (5c). Screening of 5c at the National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) confirmed its anticancer potency and revealed a very broad range of anticancer activity with IC(50) values of 0.32-3.89 μM against 59 different cancer cell lines. Highest potency was obtained against the colon cancer cell lines, a non-small cell lung cancer, a melanoma, and three leukemia cell lines included in the NCI screening panel. The reported β(2,2)-amino acid derivatives constitute a promising new class of anticancer agents based on their high anticancer potency, ease of synthesis, mode-of-action, and optimized pharmacokinetic properties compared to much larger antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terkel Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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238
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Yuan T, Zhang X, Hu Z, Wang F, Lei M. Molecular dynamics studies of the antimicrobial peptides piscidin 1 and its mutants with a DOPC lipid bilayer. Biopolymers 2012; 97:998-1009. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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239
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Wu SP, Huang TC, Lin CC, Hui CF, Lin CH, Chen JY. Pardaxin, a fish antimicrobial peptide, exhibits antitumor activity toward murine fibrosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:1852-1872. [PMID: 23015777 PMCID: PMC3447341 DOI: 10.3390/md10081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of pardaxin, a fish antimicrobial peptide, has not been previously examined in in vitro and in vivo systems for treating murine fibrosarcoma. In this study, the antitumor activity of synthetic pardaxin was tested using murine MN-11 tumor cells as the study model. We show that pardaxin inhibits the proliferation of MN-11 cells and reduces colony formation in a soft agar assay. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that pardaxin altered the membrane structure similar to what a lytic peptide does, and also produced apoptotic features, such as hollow mitochondria, nuclear condensation, and disrupted cell membranes. A qRT-PCR and ELISA showed that pardaxin induced apoptosis, activated caspase-7 and interleukin (IL)-7r, and downregulated caspase-9, ATF 3, SOCS3, STAT3, cathelicidin, p65, and interferon (IFN)-γ suggesting that pardaxin induces apoptosis through the death receptor/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway after 14 days of treatment in tumor-bearing mice. An antitumor effect was observed when pardaxin (25 mg/kg; 0.5 mg/day) was used to treat mice for 14 days, which caused significant inhibition of MN-11 cell growth in mice. Overall, these results indicate that pardaxin has the potential to be a novel therapeutic agent to treat fibrosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; (S.-P.W.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chun Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Cho-Fat Hui
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (J.-Y.C.); (C.-F.H.); Tel.: +886-920802111 (J.-Y.C.); +886-987836032 (C.-F.H.); Fax: +886-39871035
| | - Cheng-Hui Lin
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; (S.-P.W.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd., Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan;
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (J.-Y.C.); (C.-F.H.); Tel.: +886-920802111 (J.-Y.C.); +886-987836032 (C.-F.H.); Fax: +886-39871035
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240
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Gaspar D, Veiga AS, Sinthuvanich C, Schneider JP, Castanho MARB. Anticancer peptide SVS-1: efficacy precedes membrane neutralization. Biochemistry 2012; 51:6263-5. [PMID: 22839778 PMCID: PMC3448009 DOI: 10.1021/bi300836r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer peptides are polycationic amphiphiles capable of preferentially killing a wide spectrum of cancer cells relative to noncancerous cells. Their primary mode of action is an interaction with the cell membrane and subsequent activation of lytic effects; however, the exact mechanism responsible for this mode of action remains controversial. Using zeta potential analyses we demonstrate the interaction of a small anticancer peptide with membrane model systems and cancer cells. Electrostatic interactions have a pivotal role in the cell killing process, and in contrast to the antimicrobial peptides action cell death occurs without achieving full neutralization of the membrane charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gaspar
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Veiga
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Chomdao Sinthuvanich
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Miguel A. R. B. Castanho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
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241
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Li F, Feterl M, Mulyana Y, Warner JM, Collins JG, Keene FR. In vitro susceptibility and cellular uptake for a new class of antimicrobial agents: dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:2686-95. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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242
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Pinheiro da Silva F, Machado MCC. Antimicrobial peptides: clinical relevance and therapeutic implications. Peptides 2012; 36:308-14. [PMID: 22659161 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules that provide protection against environmental pathogens, acting against a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeast, virus and others. Two major groups of antimicrobial peptides are found in humans: cathelicidins and defensins. Recently, several studies have furnished information that besides their role in infection diseases, antimicrobial peptides play a role in diseases as diverse as inflammatory disorders, autoimmunity and cancer. Here, we discuss the role of antimicrobial peptides and vitamin D have in such complex diseases and propose their use should be more explored in the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.
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243
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Fitzgerald-Hughes D, Devocelle M, Humphreys H. Beyond conventional antibiotics for the future treatment of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusinfections: two novel alternatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 65:399-412. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2012.00954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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244
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Wynendaele E, Pauwels E, Van de Wiele C, Burvenich C, De Spiegeleer B. The potential role of quorum-sensing peptides in oncology. Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:814-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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245
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Rosés C, Carbajo D, Sanclimens G, Farrera-Sinfreu J, Blancafort A, Oliveras G, Cirac AD, Bardají E, Puig T, Planas M, Feliu L, Albericio F, Royo M. Cell-penetrating γ-peptide/antimicrobial undecapeptide conjugates with anticancer activity. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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246
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Efficacy of continuously administered PEDF-derived synthetic peptides against osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:230298. [PMID: 22701300 PMCID: PMC3369529 DOI: 10.1155/2012/230298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent antiangiogenic pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has shown promise against osteosarcoma, a tumour that originates in the bone and metastasises to the lungs. Neurotrophic, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic properties of PEDF have been attributed to a number of functional epitopes on the PEDF glycoprotein. StVOrth-2 (residues 78–102) and StVOrth-3 (residues 90–114) are two PEDF-derived peptides based on these functional epitopes. StVOrth-2 has previously been shown to inhibit osteosarcoma cell proliferation, while StVOrth-3 increased osteosarcoma cell adhesion to collagen I in vitro. In this paper, we have evaluated systemically and continuously delivered StVOrth-2 and StVOrth-3 using a clinically relevant murine model of osteosarcoma with spontaneous metastasis. Treatment with StVOrth-2 or StVOrth-3 with microosmotic pumps was initiated after primary osteosarcoma was established in the tibia. While treatment with StVOrth-2 and StVOrth-3 did not appear to affect local tumour invasion, tumour necrosis or apoptosis, StVOrth-2 predominantly restricted the growth of primary tumours, while StVOrth-3 restricted the burden of pulmonary metastatic disease. No peptide caused gross toxicity in mouse tissues as assessed by measuring weight of animals, serum biochemistry, and gross tissue observation. The differential effects exhibited by StVOrth-2 and StVOrth-3 in this orthotopic model of osteosarcoma may be related to the functional epitopes on the PEDF glycoprotein that they represent.
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247
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Diao Y, Han W, Zhao H, Zhu S, Liu X, Feng X, Gu J, Yao C, Liu S, Sun C, Pan F. Designed synthetic analogs of the α-helical peptide temporin-La with improved antitumor efficacies via charge modification and incorporation of the integrin αvβ3 homing domain. J Pept Sci 2012; 18:476-86. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Diao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Wenyu Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Honglei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Seng Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Xin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Jingmin Gu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Cuimei Yao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Changjiang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
| | - Fengguang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine; Jilin University; Changchun 130062 China
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248
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Kesting MR, Stoeckelhuber M, Kuppek A, Hasler R, Rohleder N, Wolff KD, Nieberler M. Human β-defensins and psoriasin/S100A7 expression in salivary glands: anti-oncogenic molecules for potential therapeutic approaches. BioDrugs 2012; 26:33-42. [PMID: 22149099 DOI: 10.2165/11597570-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host defence peptides (HDPs), including human β-defensins (hBDs) and psoriasin/S100A7, exert antimicrobial and immunoregulatory functions of the innate defense system. In addition to these functions, the search for cancer biomarkers has identified HDPs as playing a potential role in both tumor suppression and oncogenesis. Although HDPs are highly expressed in salivary glands, their role as molecules for potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has not yet been analyzed. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate whether expression levels of putative pro- or anti-oncogenic hBDs, including hBD-1, -2, -3, and psoriasin/S100A7, are altered in salivary gland tumor tissue as potential targets for molecular-based therapeutic approaches. METHODS We analyzed the expression levels of hBD-1, -2, -3, and psoriasin/S100A7 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in a case control study by comparing salivary gland tumor samples relative to healthy control specimens from 58 patients. Expression level analysis of hBD-1, -2, -3, and psoriasin/S100A7 by qrt-PCR was normalized to the endogenous 18S rRNA expression levels. RESULTS The results demonstrate the significant downregulation of hBD-1 (p < 0.001), hBD-2 (p = 0.003), hBD-3 (p = 0.002), and psoriasin/S100A7 (p = 0.003) mRNA in human salivary gland tumors compared with healthy control specimens. Protein expression levels of hBD-1, -2, -3, and psoriasin/S100A7 in salivary gland tumor tissue were strongly reduced compared with healthy control specimens. CONCLUSION The data indicates a putative role of the innate defense system in salivary gland tumor formation. The identification of immunoregulatory molecules as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets could provide new approaches for molecular-based diagnostic and therapeutic support to treat salivary gland tumors as well as other malignancies. We suggest that HDPs should be taken into consideration for use in molecular-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco R Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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249
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Bechinger B, Salnikov ES. The membrane interactions of antimicrobial peptides revealed by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:282-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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250
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Sinthuvanich C, Veiga AS, Gupta K, Gaspar D, Blumenthal R, Schneider JP. Anticancer β-hairpin peptides: membrane-induced folding triggers activity. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6210-7. [PMID: 22413859 DOI: 10.1021/ja210569f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently been shown to display anticancer activity via a mechanism that usually entails the disruption of cancer cell membranes. In this work, we designed an 18-residue anticancer peptide, SVS-1, whose mechanism of action is designed to take advantage of the aberrant lipid composition presented on the outer leaflet of cancer cell membranes, which makes the surface of these cells electronegative relative to the surface of noncancerous cells. SVS-1 is designed to remain unfolded and inactive in aqueous solution but to preferentially fold at the surface of cancer cells, adopting an amphiphilic β-hairpin structure capable of membrane disruption. Membrane-induced folding is driven by electrostatic interaction between the peptide and the negatively charged membrane surface of cancer cells. SVS-1 is active against a variety of cancer cell lines such as A549 (lung carcinoma), KB (epidermal carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), and MDA-MB-436 (breast carcinoma). However, the cytotoxicity toward noncancerous cells having typical membrane compositions, such as HUVEC and erythrocytes, is low. CD spectroscopy, appropriately designed peptide controls, cell-based studies, liposome leakage assays, and electron microscopy support the intended mechanism of action, which leads to preferential killing of cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chomdao Sinthuvanich
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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