201
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Prognostic value and underlying mechanism of autophagy-related genes in bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2219. [PMID: 35140317 PMCID: PMC8828781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy whose early diagnosis can ensure a better prognosis. However, the predictive accuracy of commonly used predictors, including patients’ general condition, histological grade, and pathological stage, is insufficient to identify the patients who need invasive treatment. Autophagy is regarded as a vital factor in maintaining mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis in cancer cells. Whether autophagy-related genes (ARGs) can predict the prognosis of BLCA patients deserves to be investigated. Based on BLCA data retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas and ARGs list obtained from the Human Autophagy Database website, we identified prognosis-related differentially expressed ARGs (PDEARGs) through Wilcox text and constructed a PDEARGs-based prognostic model through multivariate Cox regression analysis. The predictive accuracy, independent forecasting capability, and the correlation between present model and clinical variables or tumor microenvironment were evaluated through R software. Enrichment analysis of PDEARGs was performed to explore the underlying mechanism, and a systematic prognostic signature with nomogram was constructed by integrating clinical variables and the aforementioned PDEARGs-based model. We found that the risk score generated by PDEARGs-based model could effectively reflect deteriorated clinical variables and tumor-promoting microenvironment. Additionally, several immune-related gene ontology terms were significantly enriched by PDEARGs, which might provide insights for present model and propose potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients. Finally, a systematic prognostic signature with promoted clinical utility and predictive accuracy was constructed to assist clinician decision. PDEARGs are valuable prognostic predictors and potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients.
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202
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Haręża DA, Wilczyński JR, Paradowska E. Human Papillomaviruses as Infectious Agents in Gynecological Cancers―Oncogenic Properties of Viral Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031818. [PMID: 35163748 PMCID: PMC8836588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which belong to the Papillomaviridae family, constitute a group of small nonenveloped double-stranded DNA viruses. HPV has a small genome that only encodes a few proteins, and it is also responsible for 5% of all human cancers, including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. HPV types may be classified as high- and low-risk genotypes (HR-HPVs and LR-HPVs, respectively) according to their oncogenic potential. HR-HPV 16 and 18 are the most common types worldwide and are the primary types that are responsible for most HPV-related cancers. The activity of the viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which interfere with critical cell cycle points such as suppressive tumor protein p53 (p53) and retinoblastoma protein (pRB), is the major contributor to HPV-induced neoplastic initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. In addition, the E5 protein might also play a significant role in tumorigenesis. The role of HPV in the pathogenesis of gynecological cancers is still not fully understood, which indicates a wide spectrum of potential research areas. This review focuses on HPV biology, the distribution of HPVs in gynecological cancers, the properties of viral oncoproteins, and the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Haręża
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
- BioMedChem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek R. Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-272-3629; Fax: +48-42-272-3630
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203
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AKR1B1 as a Prognostic Biomarker of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030809. [PMID: 35159076 PMCID: PMC8834204 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We evaluated the levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in 99 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer and their association with clinicopathological characteristics, survival, and response to chemotherapy. An immunohistochemical analysis showed that higher AKR1B1 levels correlated with a better disease-free survival of patients whereas we saw no differences for AKR1B10 levels. A multivariant Cox analysis identified high AKR1B1 levels as an important prognostic factor for both overall and disease-free survival. A further analysis revealed no association between AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 levels and response to chemotherapy. Abstract Although aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) have been widely studied in cancer, no study to date has examined the roles of AKR family 1 members B1 (AKR1B1) and B10 (AKR1B10) in a large group of ovarian cancer patients. AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 play a significant role in inflammation and the metabolism of different chemotherapeutics as well as cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Due to these functions, we examined the potential of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 as tissue biomarkers. We assessed the immunohistochemical levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in tissue paraffin sections from 99 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) and compared these levels with clinicopathological characteristics, survival, and response to chemotherapy. A higher immunohistochemical AKR1B1 expression correlated with a better overall and disease-free survival of HGSC patients whereas AKR1B10 expression did not show any significant differences. A multivariant Cox analysis demonstrated that a high AKR1B1 expression was an important prognostic factor for both overall and disease-free survival. However, AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 were not associated with different responses to chemotherapy. Our data suggest that AKR1B1 is involved in the pathogenesis of HGSC and is a potential prognostic biomarker for this cancer.
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204
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Perez J, Twigg CAI, Guan W, Thomas SN. Proteomic Analysis Reveals Low-Dose PARP Inhibitor-Induced Differential Protein Expression in BRCA1-Mutated High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:242-250. [PMID: 34958553 PMCID: PMC8824432 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common form of ovarian cancer diagnosed in patients worldwide. Patients with BRCA1/2-mutated HGSOC have benefited from targeted treatments such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Despite the initial success of PARPi-based ovarian cancer treatment regimens, approximately 70% of patients with ovarian cancer relapse and the 5-year survival rate remains at 30%. PARPi exhibit variable treatment efficacy and toxicity profiles. Furthermore, the off-target effects of PARP inhibition have not yet been fully elucidated, warranting further study of these classes of molecules in the context of HGSOC treatment. Highly reproducible quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic workflows have been developed for the analysis of tumor tissues and cell lines. To detect the off-target effects of PARP inhibition, we conducted a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of a BRCA1-mutated HGSOC cell line treated with low doses of two PARPi, niraparib and rucaparib. Our goal was to identify PARPi-induced protein signaling pathway alterations toward a more comprehensive elucidation of the mechanism of action of PARPi beyond the DNA damage response pathway. A significant enrichment of nuclear and nucleoplasm proteins that are involved in protein binding was observed in the rucaparib-treated cells. Shared upregulated proteins between niraparib and rucaparib treatment demonstrated RNA II pol promoter-associated pathway enrichment in transcription regulation. Pathway enrichment analyses also revealed off-target effects in the Golgi apparatus and the ER. The results from our mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis highlights notable off-target effects produced by low-dose treatment of BRCA1-mutated HGSOC cells treated with rucaparib or niraparib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesenia
M. Perez
- Microbiology,
Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Carly A. I. Twigg
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division
of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota
School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Stefani N. Thomas
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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205
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Yin B, Ding J, Hu H, Yang M, Huang B, Dong W, Li F, Han L. Overexpressed CMTM6 Improves Prognosis and Associated With Immune Infiltrates of Ovarian Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:769032. [PMID: 35174213 PMCID: PMC8841687 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.769032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OV) is an epithelial malignancy that intrigues people for its high mortality and lack of efficient treatment. Chemokine-like factor (CKLF)–like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6) can be observed in various cancers, but its part in OV remains little known. Hence, the prognostic value and underlying mechanism of CMTM6 in OV were preliminarily evaluated. Here, we determined that CMTM6 expression was higher than that in normal controls. However, the upregulation of CMTM6 was associated with better prognosis. GSEA results suggested that CMTM6 is involved in the immune-related and metabolism-related pathways. GO/KEGG analysis of CMTM6 coexpressed genes was performed to survey the possible regulatory roles of CMTM6 in OV. Subsequently, CMTM6 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration levels of immune cells and the expression of diverse immune cell marker sets. Importantly, CMTM6 may influence prognosis partially by regulating immune infiltration in OV. Last, copy number variations (CNVs) and DNA methylation might prompt the abnormal CMTM6 expression in OV. In conclusion, CMTM6 can serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in patients with OV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yin
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyi Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiqin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoyou Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Fang Li, ; Lingfei Han,
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Fang Li, ; Lingfei Han,
| | - Lingfei Han
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Fang Li, ; Lingfei Han,
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206
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Lodewijk I, Bernardini A, Suárez-Cabrera C, Bernal E, Sánchez R, Garcia JL, Rojas K, Morales L, Wang S, Han X, Dueñas M, Paramio JM, Manso L. Genomic landscape and immune-related gene expression profiling of epithelial ovarian cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. NPJ Precis Oncol 2022; 6:7. [PMID: 35087175 PMCID: PMC8795445 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery is an accepted treatment for patients with stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer who are not suitable for primary debulking surgery. The identification of suitable adjuvant treatments in these patients is an unmet need. Here, we explore potential genomic characteristics (mutational and immune-associated expression profiles) in a series of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor samples from biopsy and interval debulking surgery were analyzed for mutational landscape and immune profiling, together with detailed immunohistochemistry using different immune cell markers, and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and potential response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. No major differences in the mutational landscape were observed in paired biopsy and surgery samples. Genomic loss of heterozygosity was found to be higher in patients with total/near-total tumor response. The immune gene expression profile after neoadjuvant chemotherapy revealed activation of several immune regulation-related pathways in patients with no/minimal or partial response. In parallel, neoadjuvant therapy caused a significant increase of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte population abundance, primarily due to an augmentation of the CD8+ T cell population. Remarkably, these changes occurred irrespective of potential homologous recombination defects, such as those associated with BRCA1/2 mutations. Our study strengthens the use of loss of heterozygosity as a biomarker of homologous repair deficiency. The changes of immune states during neoadjuvant chemotherapy reveal the dynamic nature of tumor-host immune interactions and suggest the potential use of immune checkpoint inhibitors or their combination with poly-ADP polymerase inhibitors in high stage and grade epithelial ovarian cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Bernardini
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Suárez-Cabrera
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Bernal
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology, Infant Cristina University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Sánchez
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Garcia
- Pathology Department, University Hospital 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Rojas
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Wang
- Experimental Medicine Unit, Oncology, GlaxoSmithKline, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - X Han
- Experimental Medicine Unit, Oncology, GlaxoSmithKline, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - M Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Manso
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
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207
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Winarto H, Welladatika A, Habiburrahman M, Purwoto G, Kusuma F, Utami TW, Putra AD, Anggraeni T, Nuryanto KH. Overall Survival and Related Factors of Advanced-stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients Underwent Debulking Surgery in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Single-center Experience. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The worrisome prognosis of advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) needs a new perspective from developing countries. Thus, we attempted to study the 5-year overall survival (OS) of advanced-stage EOC patients who underwent debulking surgery in an Indonesian tertiary hospital.
METHODS: A retrospective study recruited forty-eight subjects between 2013 and 2015. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to predict risk factors leading to unwanted disease outcomes. The OS was evaluated through the Kaplan–Meier curve and Log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression examined prognostic factors of patients.
RESULTS: Prominent characteristics of our patients were middle age (mean: 51.9 ± 8.9 years), obese, with normal menarche onset, multiparous, not using contraception, premenopausal, with serous EOC, and FIGO stage IIIC. The subjects mainly underwent primary debulking surgery (66.8%), with 47.9% of all individuals acquiring optimal results, 77.1% of patients treated had the residual disease (RD), and 52.1% got adjuvant chemotherapy. The risk factor for serous EOC was menopause (odds ratio [OR] = 4.82). The predictors of suboptimal surgery were serous EOC (OR = 8.25) and FIGO stage IV (OR = 11.13). The different OS and median survival were observed exclusively in RD, making it an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 3.50). 5-year A five year OS and median survival for patients with advanced-stage EOC who underwent debulking surgery was 37.5% and 32 months, respectively. Optimal versus suboptimal debulking surgery yielded OS 43.5% versus 32% and median survival of 39 versus 29 months. Both optimal and suboptimal debulking surgery followed with chemotherapy demonstrated an OS 40% lower than those not administered (46.2% and 20%, respectively). The highest 5-year OS was in serous EOC (50%). Meanwhile, the most extended median survival was with mucinous EOC (45 months).
CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy following optimal and suboptimal debulking surgery has the best OS among approaches researched in this study. RD is a significant prognostic factor among advanced-stage EOC. Suboptimal surgery outcomes can be predicted by stage and histological subtype.
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208
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Antigrowth effects of Kaempferia parviflora extract enriched in anthocyanidins on human ovarian cancer cells through Ca2+-ROS overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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209
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Belotti Y, Lim EH, Lim CT. The Role of the Extracellular Matrix and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in the Prognostication of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:404. [PMID: 35053566 PMCID: PMC8773831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth global leading cause of cancer-related death among women. The most common form is the high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). No further improvements in the 5-year overall survival have been seen over the last 40 years since the adoption of platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy. Hence, a better understanding of the mechanisms governing this aggressive phenotype would help identify better therapeutic strategies. Recent research linked onset, progression, and response to treatment with dysregulated components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in many types of cancer. In this study, using bioinformatic approaches, we identified a 19-gene TME-related HGSOC prognostic genetic panel (19 prognostic genes (PLXNB2, HMCN2, NDNF, NTN1, TGFBI, CHAD, CLEC5A, PLXNA1, CST9, LOXL4, MMP17, PI3, PRSS1, SERPINA10, TLL1, CBLN2, IL26, NRG4, and WNT9A) by assessing the RNA sequencing data of 342 tumors available in the TCGA database. Using machine learning, we found that specific patterns of infiltrating immune cells characterized each risk group. Furthermore, we demonstrated the predictive potential of our risk score across different platforms and its improved prognostic performance compared with other gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Belotti
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Elaine Hsuen Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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210
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Caffeic acid phenethyl ester targets ubiquitin-specific protease 8 and synergizes with cisplatin in endometrioid ovarian carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114900. [PMID: 34995485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) mediate the removal of ubiquitin from diverse proteins that participate in the regulation of cell survival, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and drug resistance. Previous studies have shown an association between activation of cell survival pathways and platinum-drug resistance in ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Among the strategies available to inhibit DUBs, curcumin derivatives appear promising, thus we hypothesized their use to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma preclinical models. The caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), inhibited ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8), but not proteasomal DUBs in cell-free assays. When CAPE was combined with cisplatin in nine cell lines representative of various histotypes a synergistic effect was observed in TOV112D cells and in the cisplatin-resistant IGROV-1/Pt1 variant, both of endometrioid type and carrying mutant TP53. In the latter cells, persistent G1 accumulation upon combined treatment associated with p27kip1 protein levels was observed. The synergy was not dependent on apoptosis induction, and appeared to occur in cells with higher USP8 levels. In vivo antitumor activity studies supported the advantage of the combination of CAPE and cisplatin in the subcutaneous model of cisplatin-resistant IGROV-1/Pt1 ovarian carcinoma as well as CAPE activity on intraperitoneal disease. This study reveals the therapeutic potential of CAPE in cisplatin-resistant ovarian tumors as well as in tumors expressing USP8.
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211
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Li H, Lei Y, Li S, Li F, Lei J. MicroRNA-20a-5p Inhibits the Autophagy and Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer via Regulating DNMT3B-mediated DNA Methylation of RBP1. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 109:93-100. [PMID: 34990753 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the third most common female malignancy worldwide and poses great threats on women health. Chemotherapy is the most recommended post-surgery treatment for OvCa patients; but, cisplatin resistance is a main cause of chemotherapy failure. In addition, autophagy modulates the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, it is significant to explore the molecular mechanism concerning the autophagy and cisplatin resistance in OvCa. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect miR-20a-5p expression and western blot to measure RBP1 expression. A series of assays were conducted to explore the gain-of-function effects of miR-20a-5p. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to determine the downstream target of miR-20a-5p. The results proved that miR-20a-5p represses malignant phenotypes and autophagy in cisplatin-resistant OvCa cells. In addition, DNMT3B mediates DNA methylation of RBP1 to impair the promoting effects of RBP1 on carcinogenesis and autophagy in OvCa. Through rescue experiments, we certified that miR-20a-5p inhibits the autophagy and cisplatin resistance in OvCa via DNMT3B-mediated DNA methylation of RBP1. Collectively, we demonstrated that miR-20a-5p plays a crucial role in the modulation of autophagy and cisplatin resistance in OvCa, which might offer novel insights into developing effective treatment strategies for OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuansheng Lei
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Second hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuangxue Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Taigang Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Jieyun Lei
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030010, Shanxi, China.
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212
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Ritch SJ, Telleria CM. The Transcoelomic Ecosystem and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Dissemination. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886533. [PMID: 35574025 PMCID: PMC9096207 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is considered the deadliest gynecological disease and is normally diagnosed at late stages, at which point metastasis has already occurred. Throughout disease progression, EOC will encounter various ecosystems and the communication between cancer cells and these microenvironments will promote the survival and dissemination of EOC. The primary tumor is thought to develop within the ovaries or the fallopian tubes, both of which provide a microenvironment with high risk of causing DNA damage and enhanced proliferation. EOC disseminates by direct extension from the primary tumors, as single cells or multicellular aggregates. Under the influence of cellular and non-cellular factors, EOC spheroids use the natural flow of peritoneal fluid to reach distant organs within the peritoneal cavity. These cells can then implant and seed distant organs or tissues, which develop rapidly into secondary tumor nodules. The peritoneal tissue and the omentum are two common sites of EOC metastasis, providing a microenvironment that supports EOC invasion and survival. Current treatment for EOC involves debulking surgery followed by platinum-taxane combination chemotherapy; however, most patients will relapse with a chemoresistant disease with tumors developed within the peritoneum. Therefore, understanding the role of the unique microenvironments that promote EOC transcoelomic dissemination is important in improving patient outcomes from this disease. In this review article, we address the process of ovarian cancer cellular fate at the site of its origin in the secretory cells of the fallopian tube or in the ovarian surface epithelial cells, their detachment process, how the cells survive in the peritoneal fluid avoiding cell death triggers, and how cancer- associated cells help them in the process. Finally, we report the mechanisms used by the ovarian cancer cells to adhere and migrate through the mesothelial monolayer lining the peritoneum. We also discuss the involvement of the transcoelomic ecosystem on the development of chemoresistance of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina J. Ritch
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carlos M. Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Carlos M. Telleria, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-3538
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213
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Song H, Bak S, Kim I, Woo JY, Cho EJ, Choi YJ, Rha SE, Oh SA, Youn SY, Lee SJ. An Application of Machine Learning That Uses the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Metric, Mean Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, to Differentiate between the Histological Types of Ovarian Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010229. [PMID: 35011970 PMCID: PMC8745699 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective single-center study included patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the axial MRI maps that included the largest solid portion of the ovarian mass was analysed. The mean ADC values (ADCmean) were derived from the regions of interest (ROIs) of each largest solid portion. Logistic regression and three types of machine learning (ML) applications were used to analyse the ADCs and clinical factors. Of the 200 patients, 103 had high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), and 97 had non-HGSOC (endometrioid carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, and low-grade serous ovarian cancer). The median ADCmean of patients with HGSOC was significantly lower than that of patients without HGSOCs. Low ADCmean and CA 19-9 levels were independent predictors for HGSOC over non-HGSOC. Compared to stage I disease, stage III disease was associated with HGSOC. Gradient boosting machine and extreme gradient boosting machine showed the highest accuracy in distinguishing between the histological findings of HGSOC versus non-HGSOC and between the five histological types of EOC. In conclusion, ADCmean, disease stage at diagnosis, and CA 19-9 level were significant factors for differentiating between EOC histological types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekyoung Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Seongeun Bak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Imhyeon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Jae Yeon Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Eui Jin Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Youn Jin Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
| | - Sung Eun Rha
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Shin Ah Oh
- NAVER Clova, 246, Hwangsaeul-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13595, Korea;
| | - Seo Yeon Youn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.Y.Y.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Sung Jong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.S.); (S.B.); (I.K.); (J.Y.W.); (E.J.C.); (Y.J.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.Y.); (S.J.L.)
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Nelfinavir Induces Cytotoxicity towards High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells, Involving Induction of the Unfolded Protein Response, Modulation of Protein Synthesis, DNA Damage, Lysosomal Impairment, and Potentiation of Toxicity Caused by Proteasome Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010099. [PMID: 35008264 PMCID: PMC8750028 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for 70% of all ovarian-cancer-related deaths. Mainstay treatment with platinum-based drugs following surgery results in favorable outcomes in the majority of patients; however, in >80% of cases, the disease relapses with eventual drug resistance. As such, urgent development of improved alternative therapies is necessary for HGSOC patients with lower life expectancy. Rapid repurposing of market available drugs for cancer therapy is a cost-effective alternative to bypass the decade-long traditional drug development pipeline. Among potential drug-repurposing candidates, nelfinavir (NFV)—an anti-infective agent to treat acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)—has shown anti-cancer effects against diverse cancers; however, its remedial benefits against HGSOC are unknown. In this study, we explored how NFV targets HGSOC cells obtained from patients at platinum-sensitive and -resistant stages. We observed beneficial efficacy elicited by NFV against HGSOC in both disease conditions through multiple mechanistic avenues, suggesting positive drug-repurposing prospects. Abstract High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a significant cause of mortality among women worldwide. Traditional treatment consists of platinum-based therapy; however, rapid development of platinum resistance contributes to lower life expectancy, warranting newer therapies to supplement the current platinum-based protocol. Repurposing market-available drugs as cancer therapeutics is a cost- and time-effective way to avail new therapies to drug-resistant patients. The anti-HIV agent nelfinavir (NFV) has shown promising toxicity against various cancers; however, its role against HGSOC is unknown. Here, we studied the effect of NFV against HGSOC cells obtained from patients along disease progression and carrying different sensitivities to platinum. NFV triggered, independently of platinum sensitivity, a dose-dependent reduction in the HGSOC cell number and viability, and a parallel increase in hypo-diploid DNA content. Moreover, a dose-dependent reduction in clonogenic survival of cells escaping the acute toxicity was indicative of long-term residual damage. In addition, dose- and time-dependent phosphorylation of H2AX indicated NFV-mediated DNA damage, which was associated with decreased survival and proliferation signals driven by the AKT and ERK pathways. NFV also mediated a dose-dependent increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress-related molecules associated with long-term inhibition of protein synthesis and concurrent cell death; such events were accompanied by a proapoptotic environment, signaled by increased phospho-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and cleaved executer caspase-7. Finally, we show that NFV potentiates the short-term cell cycle arrest and long-term toxicity caused by the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. Overall, our in vitro study demonstrates that NFV can therapeutically target HGSOC cells of differential platinum sensitivities via several mechanisms, suggesting its prospective repurposing benefit considering its good safety profile.
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215
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The Role of TRIP6, ABCC3 and CPS1 Expression in Resistance of Ovarian Cancer to Taxanes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010073. [PMID: 35008510 PMCID: PMC8744980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The main problem precluding successful therapy with conventional taxanes is de novo or acquired resistance to taxanes. Therefore, novel experimental taxane derivatives (Stony Brook taxanes; SB-Ts) are synthesized and tested as potential drugs against resistant solid tumors. Recently, we reported alterations in ABCC3, CPS1, and TRIP6 gene expression in a breast cancer cell line resistant to paclitaxel. The present study aimed to investigate gene expression changes of these three candidate molecules in the highly resistant ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro and corresponding in vivo models treated with paclitaxel and new experimental Stony Brook taxanes of the third generation (SB-T-121605 and SB-T-121606). We also addressed their prognostic meaning in ovarian carcinoma patients treated with taxanes. We estimated and observed changes in mRNA and protein profiles of ABCC3, CPS1, and TRIP6 in resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer cells and after the treatment of resistant ovarian cancer models with paclitaxel and Stony Brook taxanes in vitro and in vivo. Combining Stony Brook taxanes with paclitaxel caused downregulation of CPS1 in the paclitaxel-resistant mouse xenograft tumor model in vivo. Moreover, CPS1 overexpression seems to play a role of a prognostic biomarker of epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients’ poor survival. ABCC3 was overexpressed in EOC tumors, but after the treatment with taxanes, its up-regulation disappeared. Based on our results, we can suggest ABCC3 and CPS1 for further investigations as potential therapeutic targets in human cancers.
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216
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Huang D, Chowdhury S, Wang H, Savage SR, Ivey RG, Kennedy JJ, Whiteaker JR, Lin C, Hou X, Oberg AL, Larson MC, Eskandari N, Delisi DA, Gentile S, Huntoon CJ, Voytovich UJ, Shire ZJ, Yu Q, Gygi SP, Hoofnagle AN, Herbert ZT, Lorentzen TD, Calinawan A, Karnitz LM, Weroha SJ, Kaufmann SH, Zhang B, Wang P, Birrer MJ, Paulovich AG. Multiomic analysis identifies CPT1A as a potential therapeutic target in platinum-refractory, high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100471. [PMID: 35028612 PMCID: PMC8714940 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to platinum compounds is a major determinant of patient survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). To understand mechanisms of platinum resistance and identify potential therapeutic targets in resistant HGSOC, we generated a data resource composed of dynamic (±carboplatin) protein, post-translational modification, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) profiles from intra-patient cell line pairs derived from 3 HGSOC patients before and after acquiring platinum resistance. These profiles reveal extensive responses to carboplatin that differ between sensitive and resistant cells. Higher fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway expression is associated with platinum resistance, and both pharmacologic inhibition and CRISPR knockout of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), which represents a rate limiting step of FAO, sensitize HGSOC cells to platinum. The results are further validated in patient-derived xenograft models, indicating that CPT1A is a candidate therapeutic target to overcome platinum resistance. All multiomic data can be queried via an intuitive gene-query user interface (https://sites.google.com/view/ptrc-cell-line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Huang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shrabanti Chowdhury
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sara R. Savage
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard G. Ivey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jacob J. Kennedy
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ann L. Oberg
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Melissa C. Larson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Najmeh Eskandari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Davide A. Delisi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Saverio Gentile
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Uliana J. Voytovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zahra J. Shire
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven P. Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew N. Hoofnagle
- Department of Lab Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Zachary T. Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Travis D. Lorentzen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anna Calinawan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - S. John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael J. Birrer
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Wang Q, Zheng Y, Wang P, Zhang J, Liu H, Li Q, Yin R, Bian C, Peng H, Peng Z. The prognostic factor for recurrence in advanced-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer after complete clinical remission: a nested case-control study. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:179. [PMID: 34930386 PMCID: PMC8690464 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with advanced-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are likely to have a bad prognosis. Relapses are common in patients even with no evidence of disease after primary treatment. We aimed to identify the prognostic factors for disease recurrence in these patients. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted in a large medical center in Southwest China. The primary outcome was recurrence of disease within 3 years after clinical remission (CR). Cox regression was used to calculate the time to event analysis in different groups. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients were finally included. Fifty-seven patients (58.8%) relapsed within 3 years after CR. Among all the variables, the difference in posttreatment CA-125 level was statistically significant (P <0.05) between the recurrent group and the progression-free group in both univariate and multivariable analysis. A cutoff value was set at the median level in the recurrent group (10 U/ml) to categorize patients into two arms. In Cox regression, the posttreatment CA-125 level was identified as a prognostic factor for recurrence with an OR of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02-1.10, P = 0.033). The median time (from initiation of treatment) until relapse was 25 months for patients whose posttreatment CA-125 levels were higher than 10 U/ml, while it was undefined for patients whose posttreatment CA-125 level were ≤ 10 U/ml. Patients with a higher posttreatment CA-125 level showed an increased risk for OC relapse compared to those with a lower posttreatment CA-125 level. Furthermore, as shown in line graphs recording serum CA-125 levels during follow-up in each recurrent case, the increments of serum CA-125 levels were delayed in recurrent OC patients who had a posttreatment CA125 level ≤ 10 U/ml compared with those with a higher CA-125 level. CONCLUSION A low serum CA-125 level after primary treatment was a potential prognostic factor in women with advanced HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilan Peng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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218
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Meng L, Zhang Q, Huang X. Abnormal 5-methylcytosine lncRNA methylome is involved in human high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13625-13639. [PMID: 35035702 PMCID: PMC8748087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methylcytosine (m5C) is an important posttranscriptional RNA methylation modification. Studies have reported that aberrant RNA methylation can regulate tumorigenesis and development, indicating the importance of exploring the distribution and biological functions of m5C modification in human high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) lncRNAs. In the current study, we identified 2,050 dysregulated m5C peaks, 1,767 of which were significantly upregulated, while 283 were significantly downregulated by performing methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing on 3 pairs of human HGSOC tissues and paired normal tissues. GO enrichment analysis showed that genes altered by the m5C peak played a key role in phylogeny, protein metabolism, and gene mismatch repair. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these genes were enriched in some important pathways in cancer regulation, such as the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, and mismatch repair pathways. In addition, through joint analysis of MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq data, we identified 1671 differentially methylated m5C peaks and synchronous differentially expressed genes. These genes play a key role in cell growth or maintenance, RNA metabolism and material transport. We analyzed expression of the m5C modification regulatory gene collagen type IV alpha 3 chain (COL4A3) in 80 HGSOC tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and found that high expression of COL4A3 was significantly correlated with CA125 level (P=0.016), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), degree of interstitial invasion (P<0.001) and FIGO staging (P<0.001) and indicated a poorer prognosis. Our results revealed the critical role of m5C methylation of lncRNAs in HGSOC, and provided a reference for the prognostic stratification and treatment strategy of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Xianghua Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
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Liu P, Huang H, Qi X, Bian C, Cheng M, Liu L, Xue L, Zhao X, Yi T, Quan Y. Hypoxia-Induced LncRNA-MIR210HG Promotes Cancer Progression By Inhibiting HIF-1α Degradation in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:701488. [PMID: 34900667 PMCID: PMC8655245 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.701488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNA-MIR210HG plays crucial roles in the progression of diverse cancers. However, the expression and function of MIR210HG in ovarian cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to determine the expression and function of lncRNA-MIR210HG in ovarian cancer under hypoxic conditions. MIR210HG expression in ovarian cancer cells under hypoxic conditions was determined by qPCR analysis, and the distribution was determined by FISH and qPCR analysis based on cell nucleus and cytosol RNA extraction. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) assay and human umbilical vein endothelial cell-based tube formation and migration assays were employed to determine the potential function of MIR210HG in vitro, followed by establishment of a subcutaneous tumor model in mice. The direct target of MIR210HG was determined by RNA pull-down and western blotting. Furthermore, the expression and clinical correlation of MIR210HG was determined based on malignant tissues from ovarian cancer patients. Our results indicated that MIR210HG was induced by hypoxia, which is HIF-1α dependent and mainly located in the cytosol of ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of MIR210HG significantly inhibited EMT and tumor angiogenesis in vitro and impaired tumor growth in mice. Molecular investigations indicated that MIR210HG directly targets HIF-1α protein and inhibits VHL-dependent HIF-1α protein degradation in ovarian cancer. Further results demonstrated that MIR210HG was upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Our study suggests that hypoxia-induced MIR210HG promotes cancer progression by inhibiting HIF-1α degradation in ovarian cancer, which could be a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiqiong Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ce Bian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luqi Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Quan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Guo W, He X, Ni J, Ma L, Cheng X, Wang C, Chen X, Wang Y. High Serpin Family A Member 10 Expression Confers Platinum Sensitivity and Is Associated With Survival Benefit in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Based on Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:761960. [PMID: 34888242 PMCID: PMC8649623 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.761960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify differentially expressed proteins related with platinum sensitivity and to find biomarkers for predicting platinum response and survival outcomes in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Eligible HGSOC patients were divided into platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant groups according to platinum-free interval (PFI). Tissue protein lysates from tumor tissues were subjected to an in-solution tryptic digest followed by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling of the resulting peptides and mass spectrometric analysis. Candidate proteins were identified using differentially expressed protein and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and their survival relevance was evaluated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ovarian cancer cohort. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the protein expression profiling between the two patient groups. In the GSEA model, a gene set of 239 extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins was significantly enriched in the platinum-sensitive group [normalized enrichment score (NES) = 3.82, q < 10−5], and this finding was confirmed in TCGA ovarian cancer cohort. Interestingly, an ECM-related gene expression, serpin family A member 10 (SERPINA10), was identified to be significantly positively correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in TCGA ovarian cancer cohort (all p < 0.05). IHC results demonstrated that HGSOC patients with high SERPINA10 expression had longer PFI than the patients with low SERPINA10 expression (9 vs. 5 months, p = 0.038), and the SERPINA10 expression had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.758 (95% CI = 0.612–0.905; p = 0.005) to discriminate the platinum-sensitive group from the platinum-resistant group. In conclusion, the results suggested that SERPINA10 could be a promising biomarker for predicting the response and survival in platinum-based chemotherapy of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue He
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liya Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianzhong Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Congyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Multi-Marker Immunofluorescent Staining and PD-L1 Detection on Circulating Tumour Cells from Ovarian Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246225. [PMID: 34944844 PMCID: PMC8699768 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have the potential to serve as a rich source of information for cancer diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. To fully exploit this minimally invasive diagnostic resource requires techniques that aid in enriching heterogenous populations of CTCs and markers to efficiently characterise these cells as tumour derived. In the present study we eva-luated the microfluidic enrichment of CTCs and a multi-marker staining methodology for the identification of heterogeneous CTCs in ovarian cancer (OC) patients and evaluation of PD-L1 expression. We showed, for the first time, the existence of hybrid CTCs with an epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype and their association with PD-L1 in OC. Incorporation of this method in future clinical trials can help predict immunotherapy responsiveness in OC patients. Abstract Detection of ovarian cancer (OC) circulating tumour cells (CTCs) is primarily based on targeting epithelial markers, thus failing to detect mesenchymal tumour cells. More importantly, the immune checkpoint inhibitor marker PD-L1 has not been demonstrated on CTCs from OC patients. An antibody staining protocol was developed and tested using SKOV-3 and OVCA432 OC cell lines. We targeted epithelial (cytokeratin (CK) and EpCAM), mesenchymal (vimentin), and OC-specific (PAX8) markers for detection of CTCs, and CD45/16 and CD31 were used for the exclusion of white blood and vascular endothelial cells, respectively. PD-L1 was used for CTC characterisation. CTCs were enriched using the Parsortix™ system from 16 OC patients. Results revealed the presence of CTCs in 10 (63%) cases. CTCs were heterogeneous, with 113/157 (72%) cells positive for CK/EpCAM (epithelial marker), 58/157 (37%) positive for vimentin (mesenchymal marker), and 17/157 (11%) for both (hybrid). PAX8 was only found in 11/157 (7%) CTCs. In addition, 62/157 (39%) CTCs were positive for PD-L1. Positivity for PD-L1 was significantly associated with the hybrid phenotype when compared with the epithelial (p = 0.007) and mesenchymal (p = 0.0009) expressing CTCs. Characterisation of CTC phenotypes in relation to clinical outcomes is needed to provide insight into the role that epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity plays in OC and its relationship with PD-L1.
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Pepe F, Pisapia P, Russo G, Nacchio M, Pallante P, Vigliar E, De Angelis C, Insabato L, Bellevicine C, De Placido S, Troncone G, Malapelle U. BRCA1/2 NGS Somatic Testing in Clinical Practice: A Short Report. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121917. [PMID: 34946865 PMCID: PMC8702012 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common subtype of all ovarian carcinomas. HGSOC harboring BRCA1/2 germline or somatic mutations are sensitive to the poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Therefore, detecting these mutations is crucial to identifying patients for PARPi-targeted treatment. In the clinical setting, next generation sequencing (NGS) has proven to be a reliable diagnostic approach BRCA1/2 molecular evaluation. Here, we review the results of our BRCA1/2 NGS analysis obtained in a year and a half of diagnostic routine practice. BRCA1/2 molecular NGS records of HGSOC patients were retrieved from our institutional archive covering the period from January 2020 to September 2021. NGS analysis was performed on the Ion S5™ System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with the Oncomine™ BRCA Research Assay panel (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic according to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics by using the inspection of Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) and ClinVar (NCBI) databases. Sixty-five HGSOC patient samples were successfully analyzed. Overall, 11 (16.9%) out of 65 cases harbored a pathogenic alteration in BRCA1/2, in particular, six BRCA1 and five BRCA2 pathogenic variations. This study confirms the efficiency and high sensitivity of NGS analysis in detecting BRCA1/2 germline or somatic variations in patients with HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pepe
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Pasquale Pisapia
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Gianluca Russo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Mariantonia Nacchio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Pierlorenzo Pallante
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS) “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elena Vigliar
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.A.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Claudio Bellevicine
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.D.A.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +(011)-390-817-463-679
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.); (M.N.); (E.V.); (C.B.); (U.M.)
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Activation of RIPK2-mediated NOD1 signaling promotes proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via NF-κB pathway. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 157:173-182. [PMID: 34825931 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of action of nucleotide oligomerization domain receptor 1 (NOD1) in ovarian cancer. Results showed that the expressions of NOD1 and receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (RIPK2) were notably upregulated in non-metastatic and metastatic ovarian tumors compared with matched non-tumor tissues, and their expression in metastatic tumor tissues was higher than that in non-metastatic tumors. Overexpression of NOD1 facilitated the expression of proliferation-related proteins (PCNA and Ki67) and proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Overexpression of NOD1 promoted NF-κB expression and phosphorylation. Importantly, NOD1 bound with RIPK2, and silencing of RIPK2 partly rescued the promotion of NOD1 to NF-κB expression and its phosphorylation. The promotion of NOD1 to ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion was partly reversed by RIPK2 silencing. Results from our in vivo study indicate that overexpression of NOD1 accelerated the growth of ovarian cancer tumors, expression of proliferation-related proteins, and activation of NF-κB. However, silencing of NOD1 suppressed tumor growth. In summary, NOD1 facilitates ovarian cancer progression by activating NF-κB signaling by binding to RIPK2. We suggest a new strategy for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Multicellular Ovarian Cancer Model for Evaluation of Nanovector Delivery in Ascites and Metastatic Environments. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111891. [PMID: 34834307 PMCID: PMC8625169 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel multicellular model composed of epithelial ovarian cancer and fibroblast cells was developed as an in vitro platform to evaluate nanovector delivery and ultimately aid the development of targeted therapies. We hypothesized that the inclusion of peptide-based scaffold (PuraMatrix) in the spheroid matrix, to represent in vivo tumor microenvironment alterations along with metastatic site conditions, would enhance spheroid cell growth and migration and alter nanovector transport. The model was evaluated by comparing the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells exposed to stromal cell activation and tissue hypoxia. Fibroblast activation was achieved via the TGF-β1 mediated pathway and tissue hypoxia via 3D spheroids incubated in hypoxia. Surface-modified nanovector transport was assessed via fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Consistent with previous in vivo observations in ascites and at distal metastases, spheroids exposed to activated stromal microenvironment were denser, more contractile and with more migratory cells than nonactivated counterparts. The hypoxic conditions resulted in negative radial spheroid growth over 5 d compared to a radial increase in normoxia. Nanovector penetration attenuated in PuraMatrix regardless of surface modification due to a denser environment. This platform may serve to evaluate nanovector transport based on ovarian ascites and metastatic environments, and longer term, it provide a means to evaluate nanotherapeutic efficacy.
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225
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Zhang H, Wu Y, Li H, Sun L, Meng X. Model constructions of chemosensitivity and prognosis of high grade serous ovarian cancer based on evaluation of immune microenvironment and immune response. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:593. [PMID: 34736480 PMCID: PMC8567582 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients is closely related to the immune microenvironment and immune response. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to construct a model to predict chemosensitivity and prognosis, and provide novel biomarkers for immunotherapy and prognosis evaluation of HGSOC. METHODS GSE40595 (38 samples), GSE18520 (63 samples), GSE26712 (195 samples), TCGA (321 samples) and GTEx (88 samples) were integrated to screen differential expressed genes (DEGs) of HGSOC. The prognosis related DEGs (DEPGs) were screened through overall survival analysis. The DEGs-encoded protein-protein interaction network was constructed and hub genes of DEPGs (DEPHGs) were generated by STRING. Immune characteristics of the samples were judged by ssGSEA, ESTIMATE and CYBERSORT. TIMER was used to analyze the relationship between DEPHGs and tumor-infiltrating immunocytes, as well as the immune checkpoint genes, finally immune-related DEPHGs (IDEPHGs) were determined, and whose expression in 12 pairs of HGSOC tissues and tumor-adjacent tissues were analyzed by histological verification. Furthermore, the chemosensitivity genes in IDEPHGs were screened according to GSE15622 (n = 65). Finally, two prediction models of paclitaxel sensitivity score (PTX score) and carboplatin sensitivity score (CBP score) were constructed by lasso algorithm. The area under curve was calculated to estimate the accuracy of candidate gene models in evaluating chemotherapy sensitivity. RESULTS 491 DEGs were screened and 37 DEGs were identified as DEPGs, and 11 DEPHGs were further identified. Among them, CXCL13, IDO1, PI3, SPP1 and TRIM22 were screened as IDEPHGs and verified in the human tissues. Further analysis showed that IDO1, PI3 and TRIM22 could independently affect the chemotherapy sensitivity of HGSOC patients. The PTX score was significantly better than TRIM22, PI3, SPP1, IDO1 and CXCL13 in predicting paclitaxel sensitivity, so was CBP score in predicting carboplatin sensitivity. What's more, both of the HGSOC patients with high PTX score or high CBP score had longer survival time. CONCLUSIONS Five IDEPHGs identified through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis were closely related with the prognosis, immune microenvironment and chemotherapy sensitivity of HGSOC. Two prediction models based on IDEPHGs might have potential application of chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis for patients with HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, and Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, and Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, and Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangkai Meng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Chen H, Liu Y, Liu P, Dai Q, Wang P. LINC01094 promotes the invasion of ovarian cancer cells and regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting miR-532-3p. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1228. [PMID: 34539824 PMCID: PMC8438678 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the development of ovarian cancer (OC). The present study aimed to explore the roles of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1094 (LINC01094) in OC. LINC01094 and microRNA (miR)-532-3p expression in OC tissues and cells were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell migration and invasion were detected using wound healing assays and Transwell assays, respectively. The binding of LINC01094 or β-catenin to miR-126-5p was detected using a Dual-luciferase reporter assay, and protein expression was confirmed using western blot analysis. The expression level of LINC01094 in patients with OC was higher in OC tissues compared with in adjacent tissues, and LINC01094 was upregulated in OC cell lines. In addition, LINC01094 overexpression promoted the viability, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression of OC cells, and inhibited OC cell apoptosis. Moreover, LINC01094 negatively regulated miR-532-3p in OC cells and tissues. miR-532-3p overexpression decreased the viability, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression of OC cells alongside downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway protein expression, as well as increasing OC cell apoptosis. Inhibition of LINC01094 with small interfering (si)-LINC01094 and overexpression of LINC01094 respectively reversed the effect of miR-532-3p inhibitor and mimics on OC cells. miR-532-3p could directly target β-catenin, and miR-532-3p inhibitor increased β-catenin expression, while si-LINC01094 attenuated this effect. In addition, LINC01094 overexpression promoted tumor growth in vivo by regulating miR-532-3p. Taken together, LINC01094 promoted the growth, migration, invasion and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway expression of OC cells by modulating miR-532-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hainan West Central Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan 571799, P.R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Dai
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecology, Hainan Modern Women and Children's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570300, P.R. China
| | - Peiliang Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
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Henderson E, Huynh G, Wilson K, Plebanski M, Corrie S. The Development of Nanoparticles for the Detection and Imaging of Ovarian Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1554. [PMID: 34829783 PMCID: PMC8615601 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains as one of the most lethal gynecological cancers to date, with major challenges associated with screening, diagnosis and treatment of the disease and an urgent need for new technologies that can meet these challenges. Nanomaterials provide new opportunities in diagnosis and therapeutic management of many different types of cancers. In this review, we highlight recent promising developments of nanoparticles designed specifically for the detection or imaging of ovarian cancer that have reached the preclinical stage of development. This includes contrast agents, molecular imaging agents and intraoperative aids that have been designed for integration into standard imaging procedures. While numerous nanoparticle systems have been developed for ovarian cancer detection and imaging, specific design criteria governing nanomaterial targeting, biodistribution and clearance from the peritoneal cavity remain key challenges that need to be overcome before these promising tools can accomplish significant breakthroughs into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Henderson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (E.H.); (G.H.)
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Gabriel Huynh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (E.H.); (G.H.)
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Simon Corrie
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (E.H.); (G.H.)
- ARC Training Center for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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228
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Qi L, Chen D, Li C, Li J, Wang J, Zhang C, Li X, Qiao G, Wu H, Zhang X, Ma W. Diagnosis of Ovarian Neoplasms Using Nomogram in Combination With Ultrasound Image-Based Radiomics Signature and Clinical Factors. Front Genet 2021; 12:753948. [PMID: 34650603 PMCID: PMC8505695 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.753948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To establish and validate a nomogram integrating radiomics signatures from ultrasound and clinical factors to discriminate between benign, borderline, and malignant serous ovarian tumors. Materials and methods: In this study, a total of 279 pathology-confirmed serous ovarian tumors collected from 265 patients between March 2013 and December 2016 were used. The training cohort was generated by randomly selecting 70% of each of the three types (benign, borderline, and malignant) of tumors, while the remaining 30% was included in the validation cohort. From the transabdominal ultrasound scanning of ovarian tumors, the radiomics features were extracted, and a score was calculated. The ability of radiomics to differentiate between the grades of ovarian tumors was tested by comparing benign vs borderline and malignant (task 1) and borderline vs malignant (task 2). These results were compared with the diagnostic performance and subjective assessment by junior and senior sonographers. Finally, a clinical-feature alone model and a combined clinical-radiomics (CCR) model were built using predictive nomograms for the two tasks. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were performed to evaluate the model performance. Results: The US-based radiomics models performed satisfactorily in both the tasks, showing especially higher accuracy in the second task by successfully discriminating borderline and malignant ovarian serous tumors compared to the evaluations by senior sonographers (AUC = 0.789 for seniors and 0.877 for radiomics models in task one; AUC = 0.612 for senior and 0.839 for radiomics model in task 2). We showed that the CCR model, comprising CA125 level, lesion location, ascites, and radiomics signatures, performed the best (AUC = 0.937, 95%CI 0.905-0.969 in task 1, AUC = 0.924, 95%CI 0.876-0.971 in task 2) in the training as well as in the validation cohorts (AUC = 0.914, 95%CI 0.851-0.976 in task 1, AUC = 0.890, 95%CI 0.794-0.987 in task 2). The calibration curve and DCA analysis of the CCR model more accurately predicted the classification of the tumors than the clinical features alone. Conclusion: This study integrates novel radiomics signatures from ultrasound and clinical factors to create a nomogram to provide preoperative diagnostic information for differentiating between benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian serous tumors, thereby reducing unnecessary and risky biopsies and surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Qi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasonographic Diagnosis and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghan Li
- Department of Ultrasonographic Diagnosis and Therapy, Tianjin Ninghe Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Qiao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixiao Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Breast Imaging, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Sabol M, Calleja-Agius J, Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Ozcan S, Ward MP, Ozretić P. (In)Distinctive Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Common and Rare Ovarian Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205040. [PMID: 34680193 PMCID: PMC8534192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare ovarian cancers (ROCs) are OCs with an annual incidence of fewer than 6 cases per 100,000 women. They affect women of all ages, but due to their low incidence and the potential clinical inexperience in management, there can be a delay in diagnosis, leading to a poor prognosis. The underlying causes for these tumors are varied, but generally, the tumors arise due to alterations in gene/protein expression in cellular processes that regulate normal proliferation and its checkpoints. Dysregulation of the cellular processes that lead to cancer includes gene mutations, epimutations, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are defined as transcribed RNA molecules, more than 200 nucleotides in length which are not translated into proteins. They regulate gene expression through several mechanisms and therefore add another level of complexity to the regulatory mechanisms affecting tumor development. Since few studies have been performed on ROCs, in this review we summarize the mechanisms of action of lncRNA in OC, with an emphasis on ROCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (J.C.-A.); (R.D.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sureyya Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey;
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyl), Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-(1)-4571292
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Pisano S, Lenna S, Healey GD, Izardi F, Meeks L, Jimenez YS, Velazquez OS, Gonzalez D, Conlan RS, Corradetti B. Assessment of the immune landscapes of advanced ovarian cancer in an optimized in vivo model. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e551. [PMID: 34709744 PMCID: PMC8506632 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is typically diagnosed late, associated with high rates of metastasis and the onset of ascites during late stage disease. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and how it impacts the efficacy of current treatments, including immunotherapies, needs effective in vivo models that are fully characterized. In particular, understanding the role of immune cells within the tumor and ascitic fluid could provide important insights into why OC fails to respond to immunotherapies. In this work, we comprehensively described the immune cell infiltrates in tumor nodules and the ascitic fluid within an optimized preclinical model of advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-ID8 OC cells were injected intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 mice and the development of advanced stage OC monitored. Nine weeks after tumor injection, mice were sacrificed and tumor nodules analyzed to identify specific immune infiltrates by immunohistochemistry. Ascites, developed in tumor bearing mice over a 10-week period, was characterized by mass cytometry (CyTOF) to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the distribution of the immune cell subsets, and their relationship to ascites from ovarian cancer patients. RESULTS Tumor nodules in the peritoneal cavity proved to be enriched in T cells, antigen presenting cells and macrophages, demonstrating an active immune environment and cell-mediated immunity. Assessment of the immune landscape in the ascites showed the predominance of CD8+ , CD4+ , B- , and memory T cells, among others, and the coexistance of different immune cell types within the same tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS We performed, for the first time, a multiparametric analysis of the ascitic fluid and specifically identify immune cell populations in the peritoneal cavity of mice with advanced OC. Data obtained highlights the impact of CytOF as a diagnostic tool for this malignancy, with the opportunity to concomitantly identify novel targets, and define personalized therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pisano
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
- Center for NanoHealthSwansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
| | - Stefania Lenna
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
| | | | | | - Lucille Meeks
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
| | - Yajaira S. Jimenez
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
- Texas A&M Health Science CenterCollege of MedicineBryanTexas
| | - Oscar S Velazquez
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
| | | | - Robert Steven Conlan
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
- Center for NanoHealthSwansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
| | - Bruna Corradetti
- Department of NanomedicineHouston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTexas
- Center for NanoHealthSwansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Texas A&M Health Science CenterCollege of MedicineBryanTexas
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231
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A New Paradigm in Managing Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Differentiating Patients Requiring Neoadjuvant Treatment from Primary Cytoreduction. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194925. [PMID: 34638409 PMCID: PMC8508489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study evaluates the comparability of patients treated with primary cytoreduction and patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced stages high grade serous ovarian carcinoma by comparing the preoperative and postoperative characteristics after a propensity score matching analysis during ten years in a tertiary cancer center. Abstract Our study aims to evaluate the comparability of primary debulking surgery (PDS) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) patients. This single-center retrospective study includes all patients treated for advanced stages high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) between 2007 and 2017. Preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared after a propensity score matching analysis. Of the 221 patients included, 38% underwent PDS, and 62% received NACT. There was no age difference at diagnosis; however, CA125 levels, PCI score levels, and rates of stage IV were higher in the NACT group. There were no differences concerning the rate and the severity of complications (p = 0.29). The propensity score distribution showed a broad distinction between PDS patients and NACT patients with no significant overlap. Survival analyses demonstrate, after a median follow-up of 66.5 months, an overall survival (OS) of 105.9 and progression-free survival (PFS) of 29.2 months in the PDS group, compared to OS of 52.8 and PFS of 18.9 months in the NACT group. Advanced HGSOC is a heterogeneous population, in which inoperable patients should be differentiated from PDS patients based on many factors, primarily tumor burden.
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232
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Esmail S, Danter WR. Stem-cell based, machine learning approach for optimizing natural killer cell-based personalized immunotherapy for high-grade ovarian cancer. FEBS J 2021; 289:985-998. [PMID: 34582617 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer continues to be a therapeutic challenge for those affected using the current therapeutic interventions. There is an increasing interest in personalized cancer immunotherapy using activated natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells account for approximately 15% of circulating white blood cells. They are also an important element of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the body's immune response to cancers. In the present study, DeepNEU-C2Rx, a machine learning platform, was first used to create validated artificially induced pluripotent stem cell simulations. These simulations were then used to generate wild-type artificially induced NK cells (aiNK-WT) and TME simulations. Once validated, the aiNK-WT simulations were exposed to artificially induced high-grade serous ovarian cancer represented by aiOVCAR3. Cytolytic activity of aiNK was evaluated in presence and absence of aiOVCAR3 and data were compared with the literature for validation. The TME simulations suggested 26 factors that could be evaluated based on their ability to enhance aiNK-WT cytolytic activity in the presence of aiOVCAR3. The addition of programmed cell death-1 inhibitor leads to significant reinvigoration of aiNK cytolytic activity. The combination of programmed cell death-1 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors showed further improvement. Further addition of ascitic fluid factor inhibitors leads to optimal aiNK activation. Our data showed that NK cell simulations could be used not only to pinpoint novel immunotherapeutic targets to reinvigorate the activity of NK cells against cancers, but also to predict the outcome of targeting tumors with specific genetic expression and mutation profiles.
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Winkler C, King M, Berthe J, Ferraioli D, Garuti A, Grillo F, Rodriguez-Canales J, Ferrando L, Chopin N, Ray-Coquard I, Delpuech O, Rinchai D, Bedognetti D, Ballestrero A, Leo E, Zoppoli G. SLFN11 captures cancer-immunity interactions associated with platinum sensitivity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. JCI Insight 2021; 6:146098. [PMID: 34549724 PMCID: PMC8492341 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.146098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Large independent analyses on cancer cell lines followed by functional studies have identified Schlafen 11 (SLFN11), a putative helicase, as the strongest predictor of sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents (DDAs), including platinum. However, its role as a prognostic biomarker is undefined, partially due to the lack of validated methods to score SLFN11 in human tissues. Here, we implemented a pipeline to quantify SLFN11 in human cancer samples. By analyzing a cohort of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) specimens before platinum-based chemotherapy treatment, we show, for the first time to our knowledge, that SLFN11 density in both the neoplastic and microenvironmental components was independently associated with favorable outcome. We observed SLFN11 expression in both infiltrating innate and adaptive immune cells, and analyses in a second, independent, cohort revealed that SLFN11 was associated with immune activation in HGSOC. We found that platinum treatments activated immune-related pathways in ovarian cancer cells in an SLFN11-dependent manner, representative of tumor-immune transactivation. Moreover, SLFN11 expression was induced in activated, isolated immune cell subpopulations, hinting that SLFN11 in the immune compartment may be an indicator of immune transactivation. In summary, we propose SLFN11 is a dual biomarker capturing simultaneously interconnected immunological and cancer cell–intrinsic functional dispositions associated with sensitivity to DDA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julie Berthe
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Garuti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and
| | - Federica Grillo
- Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Davide Bedognetti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and.,Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alberto Ballestrero
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Zoppoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties and.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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Potential Role of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystalline for Early Diagnostics of Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101741. [PMID: 34679439 PMCID: PMC8534774 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcification is one of the clinical and morphological manifestations of ovarian tumors and it begins at the initial stages of carcinogenesis. Thus, this process can be used for the early diagnostics of some malignant ovarian tumors. We compared the results of ultrasound and histology and found that calcifications of a size less than 200 μm are not detected by ultrasound. These calcified structures are round fragile particles of different sizes. In the EDX (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) spectra, the main lines were from Ca and P, and the ratio of these elements corresponds to hydroxyapatite. Thus, we established that hydroxyapatite is the main mineral component of ovarian psammoma bodies and could be used for early diagnostics of ovarian malignant neoplasia.
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Hu W, Li M, Chen Y, Gu X. UBE2S promotes the progression and Olaparib resistance of ovarian cancer through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:121. [PMID: 34535173 PMCID: PMC8447717 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Olaparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), is becoming widely used in ovarian cancer treatment. The overall survival of ovarian cancer has not been significantly changed over the past decades and ovarian cancer has become increasingly resistant to the Olaparib. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) has been proved to promote malignant behaviors in many cancers. However, the function of UBE2S in the development and Olaparib resistance of ovarian cancer are unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we detected the expression of UBE2S in normal fallopian tube (FT) and HGSOC tissues. A2780 and SKOV3 cells were stably transfected with PCMV-UBE2S, PCMV-UBE2S-C95S, UBE2S shRNAs, and negative controls. The CCK8 assay and clonogenic assay were conducted to analyze ovarian cancer proliferation and Olaparib resistance. The transwell assay was performed to determine the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. The relative protein levels of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were tested using western blot. The ovarian cancer cells were treated with XAV-939 to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in Olaparib resistance. Moreover, we repeated some above procedures in the xenograft model. RESULTS The results demonstrated that UBE2S was highly upregulated in HGSOC and that high UBE2S expression was correlated with poor outcomes in HGSOC. UBE2S promoted ovarian cancer proliferation and drived the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. UBE2S activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ovarian cancer resulting in Olaparib resistance in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, UBE2S enhanced the proliferation and Olaparib resistance of ovarian cancer in its enzymatic activity dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a possible molecular mechanism of proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer and highlight the potential role of UBE2S as a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hu
- Ultrasonic Diagnosis Room, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Ultrasound Department, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Xinxian Gu
- Ultrasonic Diagnosis Room, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, China. .,Ultrasound Department, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Horst EN, Bregenzer ME, Mehta P, Snyder CS, Repetto T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Mehta G. Personalized models of heterogeneous 3D epithelial tumor microenvironments: Ovarian cancer as a model. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:401-420. [PMID: 33940195 PMCID: PMC8969826 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intractable human diseases such as cancers, are context dependent, unique to both the individual patient and to the specific tumor microenvironment. However, conventional cancer treatments are often nonspecific, targeting global similarities rather than unique drivers. This limits treatment efficacy across heterogeneous patient populations and even at different tumor locations within the same patient. Ultimately, this poor efficacy can lead to adverse clinical outcomes and the development of treatment-resistant relapse. To prevent this and improve outcomes, it is necessary to be selective when choosing a patient's optimal adjuvant treatment. In this review, we posit the use of personalized, tumor-specific models (TSM) as tools to achieve this remarkable feat. First, using ovarian cancer as a model disease, we outline the heterogeneity and complexity of both the cellular and extracellular components in the tumor microenvironment. Then we examine the advantages and disadvantages of contemporary cancer models and the rationale for personalized TSM. We discuss how to generate precision 3D models through careful and detailed analysis of patient biopsies. Finally, we provide clinically relevant applications of these versatile personalized cancer models to highlight their potential impact. These models are ideal for a myriad of fundamental cancer biology and translational studies. Importantly, these approaches can be extended to other carcinomas, facilitating the discovery of new therapeutics that more effectively target the unique aspects of each individual patient's TME. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this article, we have presented the case for the application of biomaterials in developing personalized models of complex diseases such as cancers. TSM could bring about breakthroughs in the promise of precision medicine. The critical components of the diverse tumor microenvironments, that lead to treatment failures, include cellular- and extracellular matrix- heterogeneity, and biophysical signals to the cells. Therefore, we have described these dynamic components of the tumor microenvironments, and have highlighted how contemporary biomaterials can be utilized to create personalized in vitro models of cancers. We have also described the application of the TSM to predict the dynamic patterns of disease progression, and predict effective therapies that can produce durable responses, limit relapses, and treat any minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Horst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Michael E Bregenzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Pooja Mehta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Catherine S Snyder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Taylor Repetto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Precision Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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Anastasiadou E, Messina E, Sanavia T, Labruna V, Ceccarelli S, Megiorni F, Gerini G, Pontecorvi P, Camero S, Perniola G, Venneri MA, Trivedi P, Lenzi A, Marchese C. Calcineurin Gamma Catalytic Subunit PPP3CC Inhibition by miR-200c-3p Affects Apoptosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091400. [PMID: 34573382 PMCID: PMC8470066 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) outpaces all the other forms of the female reproductive system malignancies. MicroRNAs have emerged as promising predictive biomarkers to therapeutic treatments as their expression might characterize the tumor stage or grade. In EOC, miR-200c is considered a master regulator of oncogenes or tumor suppressors. To investigate novel miR-200c-3p target genes involved in EOC tumorigenesis, we evaluated the association between this miRNA and the mRNA expression of several potential target genes by RNA-seq data of both 46 EOC cell lines from Cancer Cell line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and 456 EOC patient bio-specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Both analyses showed a significant anticorrelation between miR-200c-3p and the protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit γ of calcineurin (PPP3CC) levels involved in the apoptosis pathway. Quantitative mRNA expression analysis in patient biopsies confirmed the inverse correlation between miR-200c-3p and PPP3CC levels. In vitro regulation of PPP3CC expression through miR-200c-3p and RNA interference technology led to a concomitant modulation of BCL2- and p-AKT-related pathways, suggesting the tumor suppressive role of PPP3CC in EOC. Our results suggest that inhibition of high expression of miR-200c-3p in EOC might lead to overexpression of the tumor suppressor PPP3CC and subsequent induction of apoptosis in EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Tiziana Sanavia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Labruna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Megiorni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Giulia Gerini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Paola Pontecorvi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Simona Camero
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Perniola
- Department of Gynecological-Obstetric Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (V.L.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.G.); (P.P.); (M.A.V.); (P.T.); (A.L.); (C.M.)
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Zhou X, Jiang J, Guo S. Hsa_circ_0004712 downregulation attenuates ovarian cancer malignant development by targeting the miR-331-3p/FZD4 pathway. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:118. [PMID: 34507595 PMCID: PMC8434704 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are gradually reported to be implicated in the development of malignant tumors, including ovarian cancer (OC). This paper intended to explore the function and action mechanism of hsa_circ_0004712 in OC. Results In our results, hsa_circ_0004712 was aberrantly overexpressed in OC tissues and cells. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0004712 impaired OC cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration, and accelerated apoptosis. Hsa_circ_0004712 directly targeted miR-331-3p whose inhibitors reversed the effects of hsa_circ_0004712 downregulation. FZD4 was targeted by miR-331-3p, and hsa_circ_0004712 could positively regulated FZD4 expression by targeting miR-331-3p. The anti-tumor effects of miR-331-3p restoration were reversed by FZD4 overexpression. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0004712 also impaired tumor development in vivo by regulating miR-331-3p and FZD4. Conclusion In conclusion, hsa_circ_0004712 deficiency repressed OC development by mediating the miR-331-3p/FZD4 pathway, predicting that hsa_circ_0004712 was a promising biomarker for OC diagnosis and therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00859-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 87 Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinchi Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuaishuai Guo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 87 Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China.
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Gautam A, Beiss V, Wang C, Wang L, Steinmetz NF. Plant Viral Nanoparticle Conjugated with Anti-PD-1 Peptide for Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189733. [PMID: 34575893 PMCID: PMC8467759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy holds tremendous potential in cancer therapy, in particular, when treatment regimens are combined to achieve synergy between pathways along the cancer immunity cycle. In previous works, we demonstrated that in situ vaccination with the plant virus cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) activates and recruits innate immune cells, therefore reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment toward an immune-activated state, leading to potent anti-tumor immunity in tumor mouse models and canine patients. CPMV therapy also increases the expression of checkpoint regulators on effector T cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as PD-1/PD-L1, and we demonstrated that combination with immune checkpoint therapy improves therapeutic outcomes further. In the present work, we tested the hypothesis that CPMV could be combined with anti-PD-1 peptides to replace expensive antibody therapies. Specifically, we set out to test whether a multivalent display of anti-PD-1 peptides (SNTSESF) would enhance efficacy over a combination of CPMV and soluble peptide. Efficacy of the approaches were tested using a syngeneic mouse model of intraperitoneal ovarian cancer. CPMV combination with anti-PD-1 peptides (SNTSESF) resulted in increased efficacy; however, increased potency against metastatic ovarian cancer was only observed when SNTSESF was conjugated to CPMV, and not added as a free peptide. This can be explained by the differences in the in vivo fates of the nanoparticle formulation vs. the free peptide; the larger nanoparticles are expected to exhibit prolonged tumor residence and favorable intratumoral distribution. Our study provides new design principles for plant virus-based in situ vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushma Gautam
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.G.); (V.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Veronique Beiss
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.G.); (V.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.G.); (V.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.G.); (V.B.); (C.W.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Correspondence:
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Bunde S, Baskota SU, Fine J, Khader S. Educational Case: High-Grade Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary. Acad Pathol 2021; 8:23742895211032339. [PMID: 34471668 PMCID: PMC8404665 DOI: 10.1177/23742895211032339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, seehttp://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Bunde
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Fine
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samer Khader
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Engbersen MP, Van Driel W, Lambregts D, Lahaye M. The role of CT, PET-CT, and MRI in ovarian cancer. Br J Radiol 2021; 94:20210117. [PMID: 34415198 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
New treatment developments in ovarian cancer have led to a renewed interest in staging advanced ovarian cancer. The treatment of females with ovarian cancer patients has a strong multidisciplinary character with an essential role for the radiologist. This review aims to provide an overview of the current position of CT, positron emission tomography-CT, and MRI in ovarian cancer and how imaging can be used to guide multidisciplinary team discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits Peter Engbersen
- Department of Radiology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willemien Van Driel
- Department of Gynecology, Center of Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Doenja Lambregts
- Department of Radiology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Lahaye
- Department of Radiology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Lecuelle J, Boidot R, Mananet H, Derangère V, Albuisson J, Goussot V, Arnould L, Tharin Z, Ray Coquard I, Ghiringhelli F, Truntzer C, Fumet JD. TCR Clonality and Genomic Instability Signatures as Prognostic Biomarkers in High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4394. [PMID: 34503204 PMCID: PMC8430641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune infiltration is a prognostic factor in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) but immunotherapy efficacy is disappointing. Genomic instability is now used to guide the therapeutic value of PARP inhibitors. We aimed to investigate exome-derived parameters to assess the tumor microenvironment according to genomic instability profile. METHODS We used the HGSC TCGA (the cancer genome atlas) dataset with genomic characteristics, including homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), copy number variant (CNV) signatures, TCR (T cell receptor) clonality and abundance of tissue-infiltrating immune and stromal cell populations. We then investigated the relationship with survival data. RESULTS In 578 HGSC patients, HRD status, CNV signature 7 and TCR clonality were associated with longer survival. The combination of high CNV signature 7 expression and HRD status or high CNV signature 3 expression and high TCR clonality was associated with a trend towards longer survival compared to each variable alone. Combining T cell infiltrate and TCR clonality improved the prognostic value compared to T cells infiltration alone. Prognostic value of TCR clonality was confirmed in an independent cohort. CONCLUSIONS TCR clonality is an emerging prognostic biomarker that improves T cell infiltrate information. Analysis of TCR clonality combined with genomic instability could be an interesting prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lecuelle
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INSERM 1231, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB) UMR CNRS 6302, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Hugo Mananet
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Valentin Derangère
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (V.G.); (L.A.)
| | - Juliette Albuisson
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (V.G.); (L.A.)
| | - Vincent Goussot
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (V.G.); (L.A.)
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (V.G.); (L.A.)
| | - Zoé Tharin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Isabelle Ray Coquard
- Laboratoire RESHAPE University Claude Bernard Lyon I, Department of Medical Oncology, Léon-Bérard Center, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INSERM 1231, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France;
- Maison de l’université Esplanade Erasme, University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INSERM 1231, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
- Genomic and Immunotherapy Medical Institute, Dijon University Hospital, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-David Fumet
- Platform of Transfer in Biological Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France; (J.L.); (H.M.); (V.D.); (J.A.); (F.G.); (C.T.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INSERM 1231, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Cancer Center—UNICANCER, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France;
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GATA3 as a regulator for naughty cancer-associated fibroblasts in the microenvironment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1934-1936. [PMID: 34432264 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00598-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cysteine-Rich Intestinal Protein 1 Served as an Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Marker via Promoting Wnt/ β-Catenin-Mediated EMT and Tumour Metastasis. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:3566749. [PMID: 34413913 PMCID: PMC8369172 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3566749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the expression, functions, and the possible mechanisms of cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1 (CRIP1) in epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Using open microarray datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we identified the tumorigenic genes in ovarian cancer. Then, we detected CRIP1 expression in 26 pairs of epithelial ovarian cancer tissue samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and performed a correlation analysis between CRIP1 and the clinicopathological features. In addition, epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 were used to examine CRIP1 expression by western blot and qRT-PCR. Various cell function experiments related to tumorigenesis were performed including the CCK8 assay, EdU, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay, wound healing, and Transwell assay. In addition, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was detected by western blot to illustrate the relationship between CRIP1 and EMT. Furthermore, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and western blot were conducted to reveal the signaling pathways in which CRIP1 is involved in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Results CRIP1 was identified as an oncogene from the TCGA database. The IHC score demonstrated that the CRIP1 protein was expressed at a higher level in tumours than in tumour-adjacent tissues and was associated with a higher pathological stage, grade, and positive lymphatic metastasis. In cell models, CRIP1 was overexpressed in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Cell function experiments showed that the knockdown of CRIP1 did not significantly affect cell proliferation or apoptosis but could exert an inhibitory effect on cell migration and invasion, and also induce changes in EMT markers. Furthermore, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and western blot showed that CRIP1 could induce ovarian cancer cell metastasis through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusion This study is the first to demonstrate that CRIP1 acts as an oncogene and may promote tumour metastasis by regulating the EMT-related Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting that CRIP1 may be an important biomarker for ovarian cancer metastasis and progression.
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Moody R, Wilson K, Kampan NC, McNally OM, Jobling TW, Jaworowski A, Stephens AN, Plebanski M. Mapping Epitopes Recognised by Autoantibodies Shows Potential for the Diagnosis of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and Monitoring Response to Therapy for This Malignancy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164201. [PMID: 34439354 PMCID: PMC8392293 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most women are diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) at stage III, when the cancer has already spread, contributing to poor survival outcomes. However, while earlier diagnosis increases survival rates, there is a lack of early diagnosis biomarkers. Previously, autoantibodies specific for phosphorylated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1-PO4) were suggested as a potential diagnostic biomarker for early-stage HGSOC. In the present study, specific regions within HSF1 were identified, tested and confirmed as useful biomarkers, with comparable diagnostic potential to the full protein, across two separate clinical cohorts. Additionally, antibody responses to HSF1-PO4 and the corresponding peptides were found to increase following a round of standard first-line chemotherapy. Together, our data suggest that the identified short peptide sequences could be used as practical alternatives to support early diagnosis or monitor responses to chemotherapy. Abstract Autoantibodies recognising phosphorylated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1-PO4) protein are suggested as potential new diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). We predicted in silico B-cell epitopes in human and murine HSF1. Three epitope regions were synthesised as peptides. Circulating immunoglobulin A (cIgA) against the predicted peptide epitopes or HSF1-PO4 was measured using ELISA, across two small human clinical trials of HGSOC patients at diagnosis. To determine whether chemotherapy would promote changes in reactivity to either HSF1-PO4 or the HSF-1 peptide epitopes, IgA responses were further assessed in a sample of patients after a full cycle of chemotherapy. Anti-HSF1-PO4 responses correlated with antibody responses to the three selected epitope regions, regardless of phosphorylation, with substantial cross-recognition of the corresponding human and murine peptide epitope variants. Assessing reactivity to individual peptide epitopes, compared to HSF1-PO4, improved assay sensitivity. IgA responses to HSF1-PO4 further increased significantly post treatment, indicating that HSF1-PO4 is a target for immunity in response to chemotherapy. Although performed in a small cohort, these results offer potential insights into the interplay between autoimmunity and ovarian cancer and offer new peptide biomarkers for early-stage HGSOC diagnosis, to monitor responses to chemotherapy, and widely for pre-clinical HGSOC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiane Moody
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (K.W.); (A.J.)
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (K.W.); (A.J.)
| | - Nirmala Chandralega Kampan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Orla M. McNally
- Gynaeoncology Unit, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Thomas W. Jobling
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Monash Medical Centre, Bentleigh East, VIC 3165, Australia;
| | - Anthony Jaworowski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (K.W.); (A.J.)
| | - Andrew N. Stephens
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (K.W.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang J, Jin Y, Cheng S, Wang C, Zhang N, Huang S, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Clinical significance for combined coagulation indexes in epithelial ovarian cancer prognosis. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:106. [PMID: 34404438 PMCID: PMC8369735 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence supported an association between cancer and coagulation system. We aimed to identify prognostic values of coagulation biomarkers in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent optimal tumor debulking followed by platinum-based chemotherapy at our institution. The predictive value of coagulation variables was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Through Cox hazards regression models, prognostic factors were determined for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were visualized by Kaplan–Meier method and compared through Log-rank analysis. Results We involved 482 EOC patients and followed up for 64 (range, 36–87) months. According to ROC curves, D-dimer and International normalized ratio (INR) had superior predictive value than other coagulation indexes, with area under curve (AUC) of 0.758 and 0.742. Patients were then stratified into three combined D-dimer and INR (DD-INR) groups based on the cut-off value of 0.97 mg/L and 0.86, respectively. Through regression analysis, we demonstrated that age (HR 1.273; 95%CI 1.048–2.047; p = 0.045), pathological grade (HR 1.419; 95% CI 1.102–2.491; p = 0.032), clinical stage (HR 2.038; 95%CI 1.284–3.768; p = 0.008), CA-125 (HR 1.426; 95%CI 1.103–1.894; p = 0.038) and DD-INR (HR 2.412; 95%CI 1.683–3.241; p = 0.009) were independent prognostic factors. Survival analysis showed that patients with higher DD-INR experienced poor survival (p = 0.0013 for RFS and p = 0.0068 for OS). Further subgroup analysis revealed that evaluated DD-INR was significantly associated with poor survival among patients with advanced stage (p = 0.0028 for RFS and p = 0.0180 for OS). Conclusion Our findings suggested that coagulation indexes, especially the combined DD-INR were promising biomarkers for prognosis stratification in EOC patients, especially those with advanced clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Singh SK, Apata T, Singh S, McFadden M, Singh R. Clinical Implication of Metformin in Relation to Diabetes Mellitus and Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081020. [PMID: 34440224 PMCID: PMC8394937 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since multiple reports established an association between diabetes mellitus and various cancers, emerging studies have surfaced to understand the effects of metformin as an anti-cancer agent. Although there was previous, but conflicting evidence, of a relationship between diabetes and ovarian cancer (OvCa), recent studies have supported this association. The mechanism of cancer development in patients with diabetes is likely to involve hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, reactive oxygen species, regulation of cellular homeostasis, and activation of various pathways that lead to tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical evidence indicating that metformin, a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, may protect against OvCa. Metformin exerts anti-cancer properties by activating the MAPK pathway, inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, increasing tumor suppressor genes, inducing G2/M cycle arrest, and various other processes. Several studies have shown the efficacy of metformin as an adjunct with standard chemotherapeutic agents due to its synergistic effects on OvCa cells. This review highlights the epidemiologic evidence supporting a link between diabetes and OvCa, the fundamental molecular mechanism underlying carcinogenesis in patients with diabetes, the anti-cancer effects of metformin, and the need for further clinical investigations on combination therapies with metformin and standard chemotherapeutic agents for OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (S.K.S.); (T.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Tejumola Apata
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (S.K.S.); (T.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Shriti Singh
- Department of Kriya Sharir, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Melayshia McFadden
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (S.K.S.); (T.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (S.K.S.); (T.A.); (M.M.)
- Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-756-6661; Fax: +1-404-752-1179
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Yan M, Han M, Yang X, Shen R, Wang H, Zhang L, Xia S, Yang P, Zhai G, Shao Q. Dual inhibition of EGFR and IL-6-STAT3 signalling by miR-146b: a potential targeted therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1905-1915. [PMID: 34369236 PMCID: PMC8354159 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1963240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling and the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) are aberrantly activated in ovarian cancer. However, inhibition of EGFR signalling in ovarian cancer patients resulted in a disappointing clinical benefit. In this study, we found that EGFR could activate IL-6-STAT3 pathway in ovarian cancer cells. However, we also demonstrated that EGFR knockdown could increase STAT3 phosphorylation in HO8910 and OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. Interestingly, we further demonstrated that the non-coding RNA miR-146b could simultaneously block both the EGFR and IL-6-STAT3 pathways. Finally, our data demonstrated that miR-146b overexpression resulted in a greater suppression of cell migration than STAT3 pathway inhibition alone.These results suggest a complex and heterogeneous role of EGFR in ovarian cancer. Combined blockade of EGFR and IL-6-STAT3 pathways by miR-146b might be a strategy for improving the clinical benefit of targeting the EGFR pathway in ovarian cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mutian Han
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lubin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Yang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Guanghua Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Kang H, Choi MC, Kim S, Jeong JY, Kwon AY, Kim TH, Kim G, Joo WD, Park H, Lee C, Song SH, Jung SG, Hwang S, An HJ. USP19 and RPL23 as Candidate Prognostic Markers for Advanced-Stage High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163976. [PMID: 34439131 PMCID: PMC8391231 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths among patients with gynecological malignancies worldwide. In order to identify prognostic markers for ovarian cancer, we performed RNA-sequencing and analyzed the transcriptome data from 51 patients who received conventional therapies for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). Patients with early-stage (I or II) HGSC exhibited higher immune gene expression than patients with advanced stage (III or IV) HGSC. In order to predict the prognosis of patients with HGSC, we created machine learning-based models and identified USP19 and RPL23 as candidate prognostic markers. Specifically, patients with lower USP19 mRNA levels and those with higher RPL23 mRNA levels had worse prognoses. This model was then used to analyze the data of patients with HGSC hosted on The Cancer Genome Atlas; this analysis validated the prognostic abilities of these two genes with respect to patient survival. Taken together, the transcriptome profiles of USP19 and RPL23 determined using a machine-learning model could serve as prognostic markers for patients with HGSC receiving conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoun Kang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Min Chul Choi
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Sewha Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Ju-Yeon Jeong
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Ah-Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Tae-Hoen Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Gwangil Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Won Duk Joo
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Hyun Park
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Chan Lee
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Seung Hun Song
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Sang Geun Jung
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (W.D.J.); (H.P.); (C.L.); (S.H.S.); (S.G.J.)
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Pocheon-si 11160, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (H.J.A.); Tel.: +82-317804859 (S.H.); +82-317805045 (H.J.A.)
| | - Hee Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (H.K.); (S.K.); (A.-Y.K.); (T.-H.K.); (G.K.)
- Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (H.J.A.); Tel.: +82-317804859 (S.H.); +82-317805045 (H.J.A.)
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Future Screening Prospects for Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153840. [PMID: 34359740 PMCID: PMC8345180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers. It is usually diagnosed in late stages (FIGO III-IV), and therefore, overall survival is very poor. If diagnosed at the early stages, ovarian cancer has a 90% five-year survival rate. Liquid biopsy has a good potential to improve early ovarian cancer detection and is discussed in this review. Abstract Current diagnostic tools used in clinical practice such as transvaginal ultrasound, CA 125, and HE4 are not sensitive and specific enough to diagnose OC in the early stages. A lack of early symptoms and an effective asymptomatic population screening strategy leads to a poor prognosis in OC. New diagnostic and screening methods are urgently needed for early OC diagnosis. Liquid biopsies have been considered as a new noninvasive and promising method, using plasma/serum, uterine lavage, and urine samples for early cancer detection. We analyzed recent studies on molecular biomarkers with specific emphasis on liquid biopsy methods and diagnostic efficacy for OC through the detection of circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free DNA, small noncoding RNAs, and tumor-educated platelets.
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