201
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Al Saiqali M, Tangutur AD, Banoth C, Bhukya B. Antimicrobial and anticancer potential of low molecular weight polypeptides extracted and characterized from leaves of Azadirachta indica. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:906-921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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202
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Bai PY, Qin SS, Chu WC, Yang Y, Cui DY, Hua YG, Yang QQ, Zhang E. Synthesis and antibacterial bioactivities of cationic deacetyl linezolid amphiphiles. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:925-945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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203
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D-Cateslytin: a new antifungal agent for the treatment of oral Candida albicans associated infections. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9235. [PMID: 29915284 PMCID: PMC6006364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of antifungal agents, compounded by the shortage of new drugs being introduced into the market, is causing the accumulation of multi-resistance phenotypes in many fungal strains. Consequently, new alternative molecules to conventional antifungal agents are urgently needed to prevent the emergence of fungal resistance. In this context, Cateslytin (Ctl), a natural peptide derived from the processing of Chromogranin A, has already been described as an effective antimicrobial agent against several pathogens including Candida albicans. In the present study, we compared the antimicrobial activity of two conformations of Ctl, L-Ctl and D-Ctl against Candida albicans. Our results show that both D-Ctl and L-Ctl were potent and safe antifungal agents. However, in contrast to L-Ctl, D-Ctl was not degraded by proteases secreted by Candida albicans and was also stable in saliva. Using video microscopy, we also demonstrated that D-Ctl can rapidly enter C. albicans, but is unable to spread within a yeast colony unless from a mother cell to a daughter cell during cellular division. Besides, we revealed that the antifungal activity of D-Ctl could be synergized by voriconazole, an antifungal of reference in the treatment of Candida albicans related infections. In conclusion, D-Ctl can be considered as an effective, safe and stable antifungal and could be used alone or in a combination therapy with voriconazole to treat Candida albicans related diseases including oral candidosis.
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204
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Zohrab F, Askarian S, Jalili A, Kazemi Oskuee R. Biological Properties, Current Applications and Potential Therapeautic Applications of Brevinin Peptide Superfamily. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018; 25:39-48. [PMID: 32214928 PMCID: PMC7087712 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Brevinin peptides are antimicrobial agents obtained from frog skin secretions. Brevinin-2R has attracted many attentions due to its very low hemolytic activity, cationic property, and high affinity to cancer cells. Moreover, it has shown little toxicity against normal mammalian cells, while having killed several tumor cell lines by activation of lysosome-mitochondrial death pathway. In this review, we introduced the Brevinin superfamily with a focus on its therapeutic applications. Next, some unique properties of Brevinins were briefly discussed, including their ability to stimulate insulin secretion, dendritic cell maturation, and wound healing. In this context, we also provide information about the decoration of nanoparticles, such as cerium nano-oxide, by Brevinins. Finally, we addressed their potential for anti-tumor and drug design applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zohrab
- 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Askarian
- Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Amin Jalili
- 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- 3Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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205
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Abstract
The role of bacteriolysis in the pathophysiology of microbial infections dates back to 1893 when Buchner and Pfeiffer reported for the first time the lysis of bacteria by immune serum and related this phenomenon to the immune response. Later on, basic anti-microbial peptides and certain beta-lactam antibiotics have been shown not only to kill microorganisms but also to induce bacteriolysis and the release of cell-wall components. In 2009, a novel paradigm was offered suggesting that the main cause of death in sepsis is due to the exclusive release from activated human phagocytic neutrophils (PMNs) traps adhering upon endothelial cells of highly toxic nuclear histone. Since activated PMNs also release a plethora of pro-inflammatory agonists, it stands to reason that these may act in synergy with histone to damage cells. Since certain beta lactam antibiotics may induce bacteriolysis, it is questioned whether these may aggravate sepsis patient's condition. Enigmatically, since the term bacteriolysis and its possible involvement in sepsis is hardly ever mentioned in the extensive clinical articles and reviews dealing with critical care, we hereby aim to refresh the concept of bacteriolysis and its possible role in the pathogenesis of post infectious sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Ginsburg
- a Institute for Dental sciences, The Hebrew University Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Erez Koren
- b Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. , Kfar Saba , Israel
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206
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Chen J, Gao M, Wang L, Li S, He J, Qin A, Ren L, Wang Y, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Emission Probe for Study of the Bactericidal Mechanism of Antimicrobial Peptides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:11436-11442. [PMID: 29564898 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistant bacterial infection has become one of the most serious threats to human health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as potential alternatives to antibiotics owing to their excellent bactericidal activity. However, the complicated bactericidal mechanism of AMPs is still poorly understood. Fluorescence imaging has many advantages in terms of dynamic monitoring, easy operation, and high sensitivity. In this study, we developed an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active probe AMP-2HBT by decorating the antimicrobial peptide HHC36 (KRWWKWWRR) with an AIEgen of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT). This AIE-active probe exhibited an excellent light-up fluorescence after binding with bacteria, enabling a real-time monitoring of the binding process. Moreover, a similar time-dependent bactericidal kinetics was observed for the AIE-active probe and HHC36 peptide, which indicated that the bactericidal activity of the peptide was not compromised by decorating with the AIEgen. The bactericidal mechanism of HHC36 peptide was further investigated by super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which suggested that the probe tended to accumulate on the bacterial membrane and efficiently disrupt the membrane structure to kill both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. This AIE-active probe thus provided a convenient tool to investigate the bactericidal mechanism of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Meng Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Lin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Shiwu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Innovative Research Team, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Jingcai He
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Anjun Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Innovative Research Team, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Guangdong Innovative Research Team, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
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207
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Pfalzgraff A, Brandenburg K, Weindl G. Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Therapeutic Potential for Bacterial Skin Infections and Wounds. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:281. [PMID: 29643807 PMCID: PMC5882822 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alarming data about increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics are reported, while at the same time the development of new antibiotics is stagnating. Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are mainly caused by the so called ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) which belong to the most recalcitrant bacteria and are resistant to almost all common antibiotics. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are the most frequent pathogens isolated from chronic wounds and increasing resistance to topical antibiotics has become a major issue. Therefore, new treatment options are urgently needed. In recent years, research focused on the development of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with lower toxicity and improved activity compared to their endogenous counterparts. AMPs appear to be promising therapeutic options for the treatment of SSTIs and wounds as they show a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, low resistance rates and display pivotal immunomodulatory as well as wound healing promoting activities such as induction of cell migration and proliferation and angiogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the potential of AMPs for the treatment of bacterial SSTIs and wounds and provide an overview of the mechanisms of actions of AMPs that contribute to combat skin infections and to improve wound healing. Bacteria growing in biofilms are more resistant to conventional antibiotics than their planktonic counterparts due to limited biofilm penetration and distinct metabolic and physiological functions, and often result in chronification of infections and wounds. Thus, we further discuss the feasibility of AMPs as anti-biofilm agents. Finally, we highlight perspectives for future therapies and which issues remain to bring AMPs successfully to the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Pfalzgraff
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Günther Weindl
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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208
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Petkov P, Marinova R, Kochev V, Ilieva N, Lilkova E, Litov L. Computational study of solution behavior of magainin 2 monomers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1231-1240. [PMID: 29557267 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1454850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play crucial role as mediators of the primary host defense against microbial invasion. They are considered a promising alternative to antibiotics for multidrug resistant bacterial strains. For complete understanding of the antimicrobial defense mechanism, a detailed knowledge of the dynamics of peptide-membrane interactions, including atomistic studies on AMPs geometry and both peptide and membrane structural changes during the whole process is a prerequisite. We aim at clarifying the conformation dynamics of small linear AMPs in solution as a first step of in silico protocol for establishing a correspondence between certain amino-acid sequence motifs, secondary-structure elements, conformational dynamics in solution and the intensity and mode of interaction with the bacterial membrane. To this end, we use molecular dynamics simulations augmented by well-tempered metadynamics to study the free-energy landscape of two AMPs with close primary structure and different antibacterial activity - the native magainin 2 (MG2) and an analog (MG2m, with substitutions F5Y and F16W) in aqueous solution. We observe that upon solvation, the initial α-helical structures change differently. The native form remains structured, with three shorter α-helical motifs, connected by random coils, while the synthetic analog tends predominantly to a disordered conformation. Our results indicate the importance of the side-chains at positions 5 and 16 for maintaining the solvated peptide conformation. They also provide a modeling background for recent experimental observations, relating the higher α-helical content in solution (peptide pre-folding) in the case of small linear AMPs to a lower antibacterial activity.
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Key Words
- AA, Amino Acid
- AAS, Amino Acid Sequence
- AMP, Antimicrobial Peptides
- CV, Collective Variable
- FF, Force Field
- MD, Molecular Dynamics
- MG2, Magainin 2
- MG2m, (F5Y, F16W)-magainin 2 analog
- PC, Principal Component
- PCA, Principal Component Analysis
- PMF, Potential of Mean Force
- antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
- computational study
- conformational dynamics
- free-energy landscape
- magainin 2 (MG2)
- molecular dynamics simulations
- point mutation
- solvated peptide behavior
- well-tempered metadynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- P Petkov
- a Faculty of Physics , Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - R Marinova
- a Faculty of Physics , Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - V Kochev
- a Faculty of Physics , Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - N Ilieva
- b Institute of Information and Communication Technologies , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - E Lilkova
- b Institute of Information and Communication Technologies , Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - L Litov
- a Faculty of Physics , Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
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209
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Moustafa G, Khalaf H, Naglah A, Al-Wasidi A, Al-Jafshar N, Awad H. The Synthesis of Molecular Docking Studies, In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities of Novel Dipeptide Derivatives Based on N-(2-(2-Hydrazinyl-2-oxoethylamino)-2-oxoethyl)-nicotinamide. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040761. [PMID: 29584635 PMCID: PMC6017860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of linear dipeptide derivatives (4–10) were prepared and evaluated as antimicrobial agents via the synthesis of N-(2-(2-hydrazinyl-2-oxoethylamino)-2-oxoethyl) nicotinamide (4). Compound 4 was reacted with 4-chlorobenzaldehyde or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, to give the hydrazones 5 and 6, respectively. On the other hand, Compound 4 was coupled with phenylisocyanate or methylisothiocyanate to give Compounds 7 and 8, respectively. The latter compounds (7 and 8) were coupled with chloroacetic acid to give oxazolidine (9) and thiazolidine (10), respectively. The newly synthesized dipeptide compounds were confirmed by means of their spectral data. The antimicrobial activity of the newly synthesized compounds 4–10 was evaluated by agar well diffusion, and they showed good activity. Compounds 4, 5, and 9 gave the most promising activity in this study. Most of the tested compounds possessed MIC values ranging from 50 to 500 µg/mL. Furthermore, docking studies were carried out on enoyl reductase from E. coli and cytochrome P450 14 α-sterol demethylase (Cyp51) from Candida albicans active sites. The MolDock scores of the seven tested compounds ranged between −117 and −171 and between −107 and −179, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber Moustafa
- Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hemat Khalaf
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts-Qurayat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
- Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Naglah
- Peptide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asma Al-Wasidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nawal Al-Jafshar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hassan Awad
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Div., National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
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210
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Basak A, Abouelhassan Y, Zuo R, Yousaf H, Ding Y, Huigens RW. Antimicrobial peptide-inspired NH125 analogues: bacterial and fungal biofilm-eradicating agents and rapid killers of MRSA persisters. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:5503-5512. [PMID: 28534905 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During microbial infection, antimicrobial peptides are utilized by the immune response to rapidly eradicate microbial pathogens through the destruction of cellular membranes. Inspired by antimicrobial peptides, quaternary ammonium cationic (QAC) compounds have emerged as agents capable of destroying bacterial membranes leading to rapid bacterial death, including the eradication of persistent, surface-attached bacterial biofilms. NH125, an imidazolium cation with a sixteen membered fatty tail, was recently reported to eradicate persister cells and was our starting point for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Here, we describe the design, chemical synthesis and biological investigations of a collection of 30 diverse NH125 analogues which provided critical insights into structural features that are important for antimicrobial activities in this class. From these studies, multiple NH125 analogues were identified to possess potent antibacterial and antifungal activities, eradicate both bacterial and fungal biofilms and rapidly eradicate MRSA persister cells in stationary phase. NH125 analogues also demonstrated more rapid persister cell killing activities against MRSA when tested alongside a panel of diverse membrane-active agents, including BAC-16 and daptomycin. NH125 analogues could have a significant impact on persister- and biofilm-related problems in numerous biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Basak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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211
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Deplazes E. Molecular simulations of venom peptide-membrane interactions: Progress and challenges. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Deplazes
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University; Bentley, Perth WA 6102 Australia
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212
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Interaction of MreB-derived antimicrobial peptides with membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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213
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Howl J, Howl L, Jones S. The cationic tetradecapeptide mastoparan as a privileged structure for drug discovery: Enhanced antimicrobial properties of mitoparan analogues modified at position-14. Peptides 2018; 101:95-105. [PMID: 29337270 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mastoparan (MP) peptides, distributed in insect venoms, induce a local inflammatory response post envenomation. Most endogenous MPs share common structural elements within a tetradecapeptide sequence that adopts an amphipathic helix whilst traversing biological membranes and when bound to an intracellular protein target. Rational modifications to increase cationic charge density and amphipathic helicity engineered mitoparan (MitP), a mitochondriotoxic bioportide and potent secretagogue. Following intracellular translocation, MitP is accreted by mitochondria thus indicating additional utility as an antimicrobial agent. Hence, the objectives of this study were to compare the antimicrobial activities of a structurally diverse set of cationic cell penetrating peptides, including both MP and MitP sequences, and to chemically engineer analogues of MitP for potential therapeutic applications. Herein, we confirm that, like MP, MitP is a privileged structure for the development of antimicrobial peptides active against both prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens. Collectively, MitP and target-selective chimeric analogues are broad spectrum antibiotics, with the Gram-negative A. baumannii demonstrating particular susceptibility. Modifications of MitP by amino acid substitution at position-14 produced peptides, Δ14MitP analogues, with unique pharmacodynamic properties. One example, [Ser14]MitP, lacks both cytotoxicity against human cell lines and mast cell secretory activity yet retains selective activity against the encapsulated yeast C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Howl
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Lewis Howl
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jones
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
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214
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Ramesh S, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, Kruger HG, Govender T. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Antimicrobial Peptides. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1548:51-59. [PMID: 28013496 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6737-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerging as one of the unsurpassed therapeutic tools to treat various devastating diseases that are affecting millions of lives. Conventional synthesis of peptides requires longer times, and hence automated microwave technology could be regarded as an alternative implement which offers advantages like less reaction times and higher yields. In this sense, we herein describe a methodology to prepare AMPs through solid-phase peptide synthesis under microwave conditions. We have used LL37 as an example to discuss the synthetic protocol including the difficulties involved in the preparation of so-called long and difficult peptides and also remedial procedures to overcome these obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Ramesh
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thavendran Govender
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, E-Block, 6th Floor, Room E1-06-016, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
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215
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Histone H5 is a potent Antimicrobial Agent and a template for novel Antimicrobial Peptides. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2411. [PMID: 29402952 PMCID: PMC5799255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine is challenged continuously by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Cationic antimicrobial peptides and their derivatives are interesting potential alternatives to antibiotics due to their rapid action, broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity and limited emergence of bacterial resistance. This study reports the novel antimicrobial properties of histone H5, purified from chicken erythrocytes, and histone H5-derived synthetic peptides. Broth microdilution assays revealed that histone H5 has potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative planktonic bacteria (MIC range: 1.9 ± 1.8 to 4.9 ± 1.5 µg/mL), including vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Moreover, histone H5 displayed anti-biofilm activity against established Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated bacterial membrane damage after histone H5 treatment, while a hemolytic assay revealed that histone H5 is non-toxic towards mammalian erythrocytes, even at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Although the predicted H5-derived antimicrobial peptides tested in this study were located within the antimicrobial domain of histone H5, their synthetic versions did not possess more potent antimicrobial activity than the full length protein. Overall, this study demonstrates that histone H5 is a potent antimicrobial and therefore a promising template for the development of novel histone H5-derived antimicrobial peptides.
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216
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The Road from Host-Defense Peptides to a New Generation of Antimicrobial Drugs. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020311. [PMID: 29389911 PMCID: PMC6017364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Host-defense peptides, also called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), whose protective action has been used by animals for millions of years, fulfill many requirements of the pharmaceutical industry, such as: (1) broad spectrum of activity; (2) unlike classic antibiotics, they induce very little resistance; (3) they act synergically with conventional antibiotics; (4) they neutralize endotoxins and are active in animal models. However, it is considered that many natural peptides are not suitable for drug development due to stability and biodisponibility problems, or high production costs. This review describes the efforts to overcome these problems and develop new antimicrobial drugs from these peptides or inspired by them. The discovery process of natural AMPs is discussed, as well as the development of synthetic analogs with improved pharmacological properties. The production of these compounds at acceptable costs, using different chemical and biotechnological methods, is also commented. Once these challenges are overcome, a new generation of versatile, potent and long-lasting antimicrobial drugs is expected.
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217
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Sharma P, Guha S, Garg P, Roy S. Differential expression of antimicrobial peptides in corneal infection and regulation of antimicrobial peptides and reactive oxygen species by type III secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathog Dis 2018; 76:4794940. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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218
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Kenny LC, Kell DB. Immunological Tolerance, Pregnancy, and Preeclampsia: The Roles of Semen Microbes and the Father. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 4:239. [PMID: 29354635 PMCID: PMC5758600 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is widely considered, in many cases, to involve two separable stages (poor placentation followed by oxidative stress/inflammation), the precise originating causes of preeclampsia (PE) remain elusive. We have previously brought together some of the considerable evidence that a (dormant) microbial component is commonly a significant part of its etiology. However, apart from recognizing, consistent with this view, that the many inflammatory markers of PE are also increased in infection, we had little to say about immunity, whether innate or adaptive. In addition, we focused on the gut, oral and female urinary tract microbiomes as the main sources of the infection. We here marshall further evidence for an infectious component in PE, focusing on the immunological tolerance characteristic of pregnancy, and the well-established fact that increased exposure to the father's semen assists this immunological tolerance. As well as these benefits, however, semen is not sterile, microbial tolerance mechanisms may exist, and we also review the evidence that semen may be responsible for inoculating the developing conceptus (and maybe the placenta) with microbes, not all of which are benign. It is suggested that when they are not, this may be a significant cause of PE. A variety of epidemiological and other evidence is entirely consistent with this, not least correlations between semen infection, infertility and PE. Our view also leads to a series of other, testable predictions. Overall, we argue for a significant paternal role in the development of PE through microbial infection of the mother via insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise C. Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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219
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Almaaytah A, Qaoud MT, Khalil Mohammed G, Abualhaijaa A, Knappe D, Hoffmann R, Al-Balas Q. Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of UP-5, an Ultrashort Antimicrobial Peptide Designed Using Only Arginine and Biphenylalanine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11010003. [PMID: 29301331 PMCID: PMC5874699 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent upsurge of multidrug resistant bacteria (MDRB) among global communities has become one of the most serious challenges facing health professionals and the human population worldwide. Cationic ultrashort antimicrobial peptides (USAMPs) are a promising group of molecules that meet the required criteria of novel antimicrobial drug development. UP-5, a novel penta-peptide, displayed significant antimicrobial activities against various standard and clinical isolates of MDRB. UP-5 displayed MICs values within the range of (10–15 μM) and (55–65 μM) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Furthermore, UP-5 displayed antibiofilm activity with minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) value as equal to twofold higher than MIC value. At the same inhibitory concentrations, UP-5 exhibited very low or negligible toxicity toward human erythrocytes and mammalian cells. Combining UP-5 with conventional antibiotics led to a synergistic or additive mode of action that resulted in the reduction of the MIC values for some of the antibiotics by 99.7% along a significant drop in MIC values of the peptide. The stability profile of UP-5 was evaluated in full mouse plasma and serum with results indicating a more stable pattern in plasma. The present study indicates that USAMPs are promising antimicrobial agents that can avoid the negative characteristics of conventional antimicrobial peptides. Additionally, USAMPs exhibit good to moderate activity against MDRB, negligible toxicity, and synergistic outcomes in combination with conventional antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Almaaytah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Mohammed T Qaoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Gubran Khalil Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Ahmad Abualhaijaa
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110 Jordan.
| | - Daniel Knappe
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Qosay Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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220
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Gontsarik M, Mohammadtaheri M, Yaghmur A, Salentinig S. pH-Triggered nanostructural transformations in antimicrobial peptide/oleic acid self-assemblies. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:803-812. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00929a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study reports smart nanostructures based on oleic acid/peptide mixtures in water for the delivery of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gontsarik
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - Mahsa Mohammadtaheri
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø
- Denmark
| | - Stefan Salentinig
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
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221
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G. Ghalehshahi H, Balalaie S, Aliahmadi A. Peptides N-connected to hydroxycoumarin and cinnamic acid derivatives: synthesis and fluorescence spectroscopic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00383a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an efficient synthesis of tripeptide Tyr–Gly–Ser and a series of conjugations to coumarin, cinnamic and gallic acid and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center
- K. N. Toosi University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center
| | - Atousa Aliahmadi
- Medicinal Plant and Drug Research Institute
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Tehran
- Iran
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222
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Łoboda D, Kozłowski H, Rowińska-Żyrek M. Antimicrobial peptide–metal ion interactions – a potential way of activity enhancement. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the potential correlation between the antimicrobial peptide–metal binding mode, structure, thermodynamics and mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Łoboda
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- 50-383 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - H. Kozłowski
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole
- 45-060 Opole
- Poland
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223
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Vetrivel U, Nagarajan H, Thirumudi I. Design of inhibitory peptide targeting
Toxoplasma gondii
RON4‐human β‐tubulin interactions by implementing structural bioinformatics methods. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:3236-3246. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umashankar Vetrivel
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and OphthalmologyVision Research Foundation, Sankara NethralayaChennaiTamil NaduIndia
| | - Hemavathy Nagarajan
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and OphthalmologyVision Research Foundation, Sankara NethralayaChennaiTamil NaduIndia
| | - Indhuja Thirumudi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and OphthalmologyVision Research Foundation, Sankara NethralayaChennaiTamil NaduIndia
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224
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Khurshid Z, Naseem M, Yahya I Asiri F, Mali M, Sannam Khan R, Sahibzada HA, Zafar MS, Faraz Moin S, Khan E. Significance and Diagnostic Role of Antimicrobial Cathelicidins (LL-37) Peptides in Oral Health. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7040080. [PMID: 29206168 PMCID: PMC5745462 DOI: 10.3390/biom7040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins are a group of oral antimicrobial peptides that play multiple vital roles in the human body, such as their antimicrobial (broad spectrum) role against oral microbes, wound healing, and angiogenesis, with recent evidences about their role in cancer regulation. Cathelicidins are present in humans and other mammals as well. By complex interactions with the microenvironment, it results in pro-inflammatory effects. Many in vitro and in vivo experiments have been conducted to ultimately conclude that these unique peptides play an essential role in innate immunity. Peptides are released in the precursor form (defensins), which after cleavage results in cathelicidins formation. Living in the era where the major focus is on non-invasive and nanotechnology, this ultimately leads to further advancements in the field of salivaomics. Based on current spotlight innovations, we have highlighted the biochemistry, mode of action, and the importance of cathelicidins in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar-Al-Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Yahya I Asiri
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 312982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maria Mali
- Department of Orthodontics, Islamic International Dental College, Ripah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Rabia Sannam Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Baqai University, Super Highway, P.O. Box 2407, Karachi 74600, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Faraz Moin
- National Center for Proteomics, Karachi University, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Erum Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 71000, Pakistan.
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225
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Jeżowska-Bojczuk M, Stokowa-Sołtys K. Peptides having antimicrobial activity and their complexes with transition metal ions. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:997-1009. [PMID: 29232589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptide antibiotics are produced by bacterial, mammalian, insect or plant organisms in defense against invasive microbial pathogens. Therefore, they are gaining importance as anti-infective agents. There are a number of antibiotics that require metal ions to function properly. Metal ions play a key role in their action and are involved in specific interactions with proteins, nucleic acids and other biomolecules. On the other hand, it is well known that some antimicrobial agents possess functional groups that enable them interacting with metal ions present in physiological fluids. Some findings support a hypothesis that they may alter the serum metal ions concentration in humans. Complexes usually have a higher positive charge than uncomplexed compounds. This means that they might interact more tightly with polyanionic DNA and RNA molecules. It has been shown that several metal ion complexes with antibiotics promote degradation of DNA. Some of them, such as bleomycin, form stable complexes with redox metal ions and split the nucleic acids chain via the free radicals mechanism. However, this is not a rule. For example blasticidin does not cause DNA damage. This indicates that some peptide antibiotics can be considered as ligands that effectively lower the oxidative activity of transition metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamila Stokowa-Sołtys
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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226
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Benmoussa K, Authier H, Prat M, AlaEddine M, Lefèvre L, Rahabi MC, Bernad J, Aubouy A, Bonnafé E, Leprince J, Pipy B, Treilhou M, Coste A. P17, an Original Host Defense Peptide from Ant Venom, Promotes Antifungal Activities of Macrophages through the Induction of C-Type Lectin Receptors Dependent on LTB4-Mediated PPARγ Activation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1650. [PMID: 29250064 PMCID: PMC5716351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing knowledge with regard to the immunomodulatory properties of host defense peptides, their impact on macrophage differentiation and on its associated microbicidal functions is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that the P17, a new cationic antimicrobial peptide from ant venom, induces an alternative phenotype of human monocyte-derived macrophages (h-MDMs). This phenotype is characterized by a C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) signature composed of mannose receptor (MR) and Dectin-1 expression. Concomitantly, this activation is associated to an inflammatory profile characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin (IL)-1β, and TNF-α release. P17-activated h-MDMs exhibit an improved capacity to recognize and to engulf Candida albicans through the overexpression both of MR and Dectin-1. This upregulation requires arachidonic acid (AA) mobilization and the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) nuclear receptor through the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production. AA/LTB4/PPARγ/Dectin-1-MR signaling pathway is crucial for P17-mediated anti-fungal activity of h-MDMs, as indicated by the fact that the activation of this axis by P17 triggered ROS production and inflammasome-dependent IL-1β release. Moreover, we showed that the increased anti-fungal immune response of h-MDMs by P17 was dependent on intracellular calcium mobilization triggered by the interaction of P17 with pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein-coupled receptors on h-MDMs. Finally, we also demonstrated that P17-treated mice infected with C. albicans develop less severe gastrointestinal infection related to a higher efficiency of their macrophages to engulf Candida, to produce ROS and IL-1β and to kill the yeasts. Altogether, these results identify P17 as an original activator of the fungicidal response of macrophages that acts upstream PPARγ/CLRs axis and offer new immunomodulatory therapeutic perspectives in the field of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaddouj Benmoussa
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France.,EA7417 BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Hélène Authier
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélissa Prat
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohammad AlaEddine
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Lise Lefèvre
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Mouna Chirine Rahabi
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - José Bernad
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Aubouy
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Elsa Bonnafé
- EA7417 BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Jérome Leprince
- INSERM U982, PRIMACEN, IRIB, Université de Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Bernard Pipy
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Treilhou
- EA7417 BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,IRD, UMR 152, Toulouse, France
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227
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Peptide Therapeutics Versus Superbugs: Highlight on Current Research and Advancements. Int J Pept Res Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-017-9650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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228
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Neoteric advancement in TB drugs and an overview on the anti-tubercular role of peptides through computational approaches. Microb Pathog 2017; 114:80-89. [PMID: 29174699 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a devastating threat to human health whose treatment without the emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the million-dollar question at present. The pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis has been extensively studied which represents unique defence strategies by infecting macrophages. Several anti-tubercular drugs with varied mode of action and administration from diversified sources have been used for the treatment of TB that later contributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). However, few of potent anti-tubercular drugs are scheduled for clinical trials status in 2017-2018. Peptides of varied origins such as human immune cells and non-immune cells, bacteria, fungi, and venoms have been widely investigated as anti-tubercular agents for the replacement of existing anti-tubercular drugs in future. In the present review, we spotlighted not only on the mechanisms of action and mode of administration of currently available anti-tubercular drugs but also the recent comprehensive report of World Health Organization (WHO) on TB epidemic, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The major excerpt of the study also inspects the direct contribution of different computational tools during drug designing strategies against M. tuberculosis in order to grasp the interplay between anti-tubercular peptides and targeted bacterial protein. The potentiality of some of these anti-tubercular peptides as therapeutic agents unlocks a new portal for achieving the goal of end TB strategy.
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229
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Kuroki A, Sangwan P, Qu Y, Peltier R, Sanchez-Cano C, Moat J, Dowson CG, Williams EGL, Locock KES, Hartlieb M, Perrier S. Sequence Control as a Powerful Tool for Improving the Selectivity of Antimicrobial Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:40117-40126. [PMID: 29068226 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial polymers appear as a promising alternative to tackle the current development of bacterial resistance against conventional antibiotics as they rely on bacterial membrane disruption. This study investigates the effect of segmentation of hydrophobic and cationic functionalities on antimicrobial polymers over their selectivity between bacteria and mammalian cells. Using RAFT technology, statistical, diblock, and highly segmented multiblock copolymers were synthesized in a controlled manner. Polymers were analyzed by HPLC, and the segmentation was found to have a significant influence on their overall hydrophobicity. In addition, the amount of incorporated cationic comonomer was varied to yield a small library of bioactive macromolecules. The antimicrobial properties of these compounds were probed against pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis), and their biocompatibility was tested using hemolysis and erythrocyte aggregation assays, as well as mammalian cell viability assays. In all cases, diblock and multiblock copolymers were found to outperform statistical copolymers, and for polymers with a low content of cationic comonomer, the multiblock showed a tremendously increased selectivity for P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis compared to its statistical and diblock analogue. This work highlights the remarkable effect of segmentation on both the physical properties of the materials as well as their interaction with biological systems. Due to the outstanding selectivity of multiblock copolymers toward certain bacteria strains, the presented materials are a promising platform for the treatment of infections and a valuable tool to combat antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Qu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katherine E S Locock
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Sébastien Perrier
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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230
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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Metabolites of Diaporthe spp. Isolated from Flowers of Melodorum fruticosum. Curr Microbiol 2017; 75:476-483. [PMID: 29159689 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-two strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from flowers of the medicinal plant Melodorum fruticosum. Seven genera were identified including Alternaria, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Fusarium, Greeneria and Nigrospora. All strains were cultured for 30 days and further macerated in ethyl acetate solvent for 3 days. The obtained fungal extracts were examined for antibacterial activity using agar disc diffusion against nine pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. Forty-three fungal extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against at least one tested pathogen. The antioxidant properties of all extracts were also investigated by DPPH scavenging assay. Sixteen extracts displayed high antioxidant capacity (IC50 ranging from 10 to 50 µg/mL) when compared to the gallic acid and trolox standards (IC50 of 12.46 and 2.55 µg/mL, respectively). The crude extracts of Diaporthe sp. MFLUCC16-0682 and Diaporthe sp. MFLUCC16-0693 exhibited notable antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Analysis of chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry suggested that the observed antibacterial activity of the two Diaporthe spp. was possibly due to the presence of abienol, 4-methoxy stilbene, phenethyl cinnamate and 2Z,6Z-farnesal, while their potential antioxidant activity could be attributed to phenolic compounds, such as benzene acetaldehyde, benzyl benzoate, salicylaldehyde, benzoin and benzyl cinnamate. The results suggest that the genus Diaporthe is a potential source of metabolites that can be used in a variety of applications.
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231
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Baul U, Vemparala S. Influence of lipid composition of model membranes on methacrylate antimicrobial polymer-membrane interactions. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7665-7676. [PMID: 28991313 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01211j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, the role of lipid composition in the interactions of multiple methacrylate antimicrobial polymer agents with model membranes, and the consequent response of the membranes is studied. In our earlier study, methacrylate polymers were observed to induce phase demixing and associated thickness mismatch in a POPE-POPG model microbial membrane. In this work, we probe (1) the role of varying the degree of saturation in lipid acyl chains in the membrane interactions of methacrylate polymers, and (2) whether electrostatics (addition of anionic lipids) can influence the interactions of the polymers with model mammalian membranes. Lipid composition is observed to significantly modify membrane-polymer interactions, leading to differences in both the mode of partitioning and the conformations adopted by the polymers, in addition to impacting membrane properties differently. The results strongly suggest that the oft-cited electrostatic interactions between the antimicrobial agents and the microbial membranes do not fully account for the recognition and subsequent partitioning of the antimicrobial agents. The ability of the methacrylate polymers to sense interfacial lipid packing defects, determined by the PE/PC head groups of lipids, is also found to be influential in their membrane partitioning. Deliberate inclusion of charged anionic lipids into a model mammalian membrane, leading to additional favorable electrostatics, does not reproduce a similar polymer partitioning mechanism to that in its microbial counterpart. The differences observed in the interactions of methacrylate polymers with the various model membranes can be instrumental in extending our understanding of underlying modes of membrane disruption by general antimicrobial agents as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upayan Baul
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA.
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232
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Zhang E, Bai PY, Cui DY, Chu WC, Hua YG, Liu Q, Yin HY, Zhang YJ, Qin S, Liu HM. Synthesis and bioactivities study of new antibacterial peptide mimics: The dialkyl cationic amphiphiles. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1489-1509. [PMID: 29126736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria is widespread. Therefore, it is urgently required to enhance the development of novel antimicrobial agents with high antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity. A series of novel dialkyl cationic amphiphiles bearing two identical length lipophilic alkyl chains and one non-peptidic amide bond were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Particular compounds synthesized showed excellent antibacterial activity toward drug-sensitive bacteria such as S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli and S. enterica, and clinical isolates of drug-resistant species such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), KPC-producing and NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). For example, the MIC values of the best compound 4g ranged from 0.5 to 2 μg/mL against all these strains. Moreover, these small molecules acted rapidly as bactericidal agents, and functioned primarily by permeabilization and depolarization of bacterial membranes. Importantly, these compounds were difficult to induce bacterial resistance and can potentially combat drug-resistant bacteria. Thus, these compounds can be developed into a new class of antibacterial peptide mimics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Peng-Yan Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - De-Yun Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Wen-Chao Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Hua
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shangshang Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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233
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McMillin KW. Advancements in meat packaging. Meat Sci 2017; 132:153-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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234
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Serna N, Sánchez-García L, Sánchez-Chardi A, Unzueta U, Roldán M, Mangues R, Vázquez E, Villaverde A. Protein-only, antimicrobial peptide-containing recombinant nanoparticles with inherent built-in antibacterial activity. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:256-263. [PMID: 28735028 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistances is a serious concern in human and animal health. In this context, naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) might play a main role in a next generation of drugs against bacterial infections. Taking an innovative approach to design self-organizing functional proteins, we have generated here protein-only nanoparticles with intrinsic AMP microbicide activity. Using a recombinant version of the GWH1 antimicrobial peptide as building block, these materials show a wide antibacterial activity spectrum in absence of detectable toxicity on mammalian cells. The GWH1-based nanoparticles combine clinically appealing properties of nanoscale materials with full biocompatibility, structural and functional plasticity and biological efficacy exhibited by proteins. Because of the largely implemented biological fabrication of recombinant protein drugs, the protein-based platform presented here represents a novel and scalable strategy in antimicrobial drug design, that by solving some of the limitations of AMPs offers a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The low molecular weight antimicrobial peptide GWH1 has been engineered to oligomerize as self-assembling protein-only nanoparticles of around 50nm. In this form, the peptide exhibits potent and broad antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, without any harmful effect over mammalian cells. As a solid proof-of-concept, this finding strongly supports the design and biofabrication of nanoscale antimicrobial materials with in-built functionalities. The protein-based homogeneous composition offer advantages over alternative materials explored as antimicrobial agents, regarding biocompatibility, biodegradability and environmental suitability. Beyond the described prototype, this transversal engineering concept has wide applicability in the design of novel nanomedicines for advanced treatments of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | | | - Ugutz Unzueta
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Roldán
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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235
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Biswas S, Samui S, Chakraborty A, Biswas S, De D, Ghosh U, Das AK, Naskar J. Insight into the binding of a non-toxic, self-assembling aromatic tripeptide with ct-DNA: Spectroscopic and viscositic studies. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 11:112-118. [PMID: 28955776 PMCID: PMC5614701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The report describes the synthesis, self-association and DNA binding studies of an aromatic tripeptide H-Phe-Phe-Phe-OH (FFF). The peptide backbone adopts β-sheet conformation both in solid and solution. In aqueous solution, FFF self-assembles to form nanostructured aggregates. Interactions of this peptide with calf-thymus DNA (ct-DNA) have been studied using various biophysical techniques including ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The value of mean binding constant calculated from UV and fluorescence spectroscopic data is (2.914 ± 0.74) x 103 M-1 which is consistent with an external binding mode. Fluorescence intercalator displacement (FID) assay, iodide quenching study, viscosity measurement and thermal denaturation study of DNA further confirm the groove binding mode of peptide, FFF with ct-DNA. MTT cell survival assay reveals very low cytotoxicity of the peptide toward human lung carcinoma cell line A549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Satyabrata Samui
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Arpita Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Sagar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Debapriya De
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Utpal Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Apurba K. Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Jishu Naskar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
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236
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Lactoferricin Peptides Increase Macrophages' Capacity To Kill Mycobacterium avium. mSphere 2017; 2:mSphere00301-17. [PMID: 28875176 PMCID: PMC5577653 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00301-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Mycobacterium comprises several pathogenic species, including M. tuberculosis, M. leprae, M. avium, etc. Infections caused by these bacteria are particularly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic impermeability, low growth rate, and intracellular localization. Antimicrobial peptides are increasingly acknowledged as potential treatment tools, as they have a high spectrum of activity, low tendency to induce bacterial resistance, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we show that peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin (LFcin) improve the antimicrobial activity of ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium growing inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of a short version of lactoferricin containing amino acids 17 to 30 (d-LFcin17–30) causes intramacrophagic death of M. avium by increasing the formation of lysosomes and autophagosomes. This work opens the way to the use of lactoferricin-derived peptides to treat infections caused by mycobacteria and highlights important modulatory effects of d-FLcin17–30 on macrophages, which may be useful under other conditions in which macrophage activation is needed. Mycobacterial infections cause a significant burden of disease and death worldwide. Their treatment is long, toxic, costly, and increasingly prone to failure due to bacterial resistance to currently available antibiotics. New therapeutic options are thus clearly needed. Antimicrobial peptides represent an important source of new antimicrobial molecules, both for their direct activity and for their immunomodulatory potential. We have previously reported that a short version of the bovine antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin with amino acids 17 to 30 (LFcin17–30), along with its variants obtained by specific amino acid substitutions, killed Mycobacterium avium in broth culture. In the present work, those peptides were tested against M. avium living inside its natural host cell, the macrophage. We found that the peptides increased the antimicrobial action of the conventional antibiotic ethambutol inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of the lactoferricin peptide (d-LFcin17–30) was more stable and induced significant killing of intracellular mycobacteria by itself. Interestingly, d-LFcin17–30 did not localize to M. avium-harboring phagosomes but induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased the formation of lysosomes and autophagosome-like vesicles. These results lead us to conclude that d-LFcin17–30 primes macrophages for intracellular microbial digestion through phagosomal maturation and/or autophagy, culminating in mycobacterial killing. IMPORTANCE The genus Mycobacterium comprises several pathogenic species, including M. tuberculosis, M. leprae, M. avium, etc. Infections caused by these bacteria are particularly difficult to treat due to their intrinsic impermeability, low growth rate, and intracellular localization. Antimicrobial peptides are increasingly acknowledged as potential treatment tools, as they have a high spectrum of activity, low tendency to induce bacterial resistance, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we show that peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin (LFcin) improve the antimicrobial activity of ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium growing inside macrophages. Moreover, the d-enantiomer of a short version of lactoferricin containing amino acids 17 to 30 (d-LFcin17–30) causes intramacrophagic death of M. avium by increasing the formation of lysosomes and autophagosomes. This work opens the way to the use of lactoferricin-derived peptides to treat infections caused by mycobacteria and highlights important modulatory effects of d-FLcin17–30 on macrophages, which may be useful under other conditions in which macrophage activation is needed.
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237
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Chung PY, Khanum R. Antimicrobial peptides as potential anti-biofilm agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2017; 50:405-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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238
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Mohammadi Azad Z, Moravej H, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Masjedian F, Nazari R, Mirnejad R, Moosazadeh Moghaddam M. In vitro synergistic effects of a short cationic peptide and clinically used antibiotics against drug-resistant isolates of Brucella melitensis. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:919-926. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mohammadi Azad
- Department Of Microbiology, School Of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hoda Moravej
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian
- Department of Microbiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Nazari
- Department Of Microbiology, School Of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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239
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Piotrowska U, Sobczak M, Oledzka E. Current state of a dual behaviour of antimicrobial peptides-Therapeutic agents and promising delivery vectors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:1079-1093. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
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240
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Barbosa M, Vale N, Costa FM, Martins MCL, Gomes P. Tethering antimicrobial peptides onto chitosan: Optimization of azide-alkyne “click” reaction conditions. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 165:384-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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241
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Antibacterial activity of novel peptide derived from Cry1Ab16 toxin and development of LbL films for foodborne pathogens control. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:503-509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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242
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Wang T, Xiu J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Ma X, Wang Y, Guo G, Shang X. Transcriptional Responses of Candida albicans to Antimicrobial Peptide MAF-1A. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:894. [PMID: 28567034 PMCID: PMC5434131 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen in humans. Novel antifungal agents are urgent demanded due to the challenges of the resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of the innate immune system against pathogenic microorganism infection. MAF-1A is a novel cationic AMP that comes from Musca domestica and is effective against C. albicans, but the antifungal mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we performed a transcriptomics analysis in C. albicans using RNA-seq technique under the treatment of MAF-1A. A total of 5654 genes were identified. Among these, 1032 were differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 575 up-regulated genes and 457 down-regulated genes. In these DEGs, genes encoding ergosterol metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis were identified to be significantly down-regulated, while genes associated with oxidative stress response and cell wall were identified to be significantly up-regulated. Using pathway enrichment analysis, 12 significant metabolic pathways were identified, and ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, citrate cycle were mainly involved. The results revealed that MAF-1A induces complex responses in C. albicans. This study provides evidence that MAF-1A may inhibit the growth through affect multi-targets in C. albicans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Jiangfan Xiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Jianwei Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuiyang, China
| | - Guo Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Shang
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
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243
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Józefiak A, Engberg R. Insect proteins as a potential source of antimicrobial peptides in livestock production. A review. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/69998/2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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244
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Phillips D, Harrison J, Richards SJ, Mitchell DE, Tichauer E, Hubbard ATM, Guy C, Hands-Portman I, Fullam E, Gibson MI. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Polymers against Mycobacteria: Toward Antitubercular Macromolecules. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1592-1599. [PMID: 28365981 PMCID: PMC5435458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global healthcare problem with a dwindling arsenal of usable drugs. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, requires long-term combination therapy and multi- and totally drug resistant strains have emerged. This study reports the antibacterial activity of cationic polymers against mycobacteria, which are distinguished from other Gram-positive bacteria by their unique cell wall comprising a covalently linked mycolic acid-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex (mAGP), interspersed with additional complex lipids which helps them persist in their host. The present study finds that poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) has particularly potent antimycobacterial activity and high selectivity over two Gram-negative strains. Removal of the backbone methyl group (poly(dimethylaminoethyl acrylate)) decreased antimycobacterial activity, and poly(aminoethyl methacrylate) also had no activity against mycobacteria. Hemolysis assays revealed poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) did not disrupt red blood cell membranes. Interestingly, poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) was not found to permeabilize mycobacterial membranes, as judged by dye exclusion assays, suggesting the mode of action is not simple membrane disruption, supported by electron microscopy analysis. These results demonstrate that synthetic polycations, with the correctly tuned structure are useful tools against mycobacterial infections, for which new drugs are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
J. Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah-Jane Richards
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel E. Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Tichauer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair T. M. Hubbard
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Collette Guy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Hands-Portman
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Fullam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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245
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Dosunmu EF, Emeh RO, Dixit S, Bakeer MK, Coats MT, Owen DR, Pillai SR, Singh SR, Dennis VA. The anti-microbial peptide TP359 attenuates inflammation in human lung cells infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa via TLR5 and MAPK pathways. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176640. [PMID: 28467446 PMCID: PMC5415104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection induces vigorous inflammatory mediators secreted by epithelial cells, which do not necessarily eradicate the pathogen. Nonetheless, it reduces lung function due to significant airway damage, most importantly in cystic fibrosis patients. Recently, we published that TP359, a proprietary cationic peptide had potent bactericidal effects against P. aeruginosa, which were mediated by down-regulating its outer membrane biogenesis genes. Herein, we hypothesized that TP359 bactericidal effects could also serve to regulate P. aeruginosa-induced lung inflammation. We explored this hypothesis by infecting human A549 lung cells with live P. aeruginosa non-isogenic, mucoid and non-mucoid strains and assessed the capacity of TP359 to regulate the levels of elicited TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 inflammatory cytokines. In all instances, the mucoid strain elicited higher concentrations of cytokines in comparison to the non-mucoid strain, and TP359 dose-dependently down-regulated their respective levels, suggesting its regulation of lung inflammation. Surprisingly, P. aeruginosa flagellin, and not its lipopolysaccharide moiety, was the primary inducer of inflammatory cytokines in lung cells, which were similarly down-regulated by TP359. Blocking of TLR5, the putative flagellin receptor, completely abrogated the capacity of infected lung cells to secrete cytokines, underscoring that TP359 regulates inflammation via the TLR5-dependent signaling pathway. Downstream pathway-specific inhibition studies further revealed that the MAPK pathway, essentially p38 and JNK are necessary for induction of P. aeruginosa elicited inflammatory cytokines and their down-regulation by TP359. Collectively, our data provides evidence to support exploring the relevancy of TP359 as an anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory agent against P. aeruginosa for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejovwoke F. Dosunmu
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Robert O. Emeh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Saurabh Dixit
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Mona K. Bakeer
- Lousiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Allied Health Professions, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Mamie T. Coats
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Donald R. Owen
- Therapeutic Peptides Inc., Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Shreekumar R. Pillai
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shree R. Singh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Vida A. Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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246
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Bolt HL, Eggimann GA, Jahoda CAB, Zuckermann RN, Sharples GJ, Cobb SL. Exploring the links between peptoid antibacterial activity and toxicity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:886-896. [PMID: 30108804 PMCID: PMC6072100 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00648e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Peptoids are a promising class of antimicrobial agents with reported activities against a range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and most recently parasites. However, at present the available toxicity data is somewhat limited and as such rationally designing effective antimicrobial peptoids can be challenging. Herein, we present the toxicity profiling of a series of linear peptoids against mammalian cell lines (HaCaT and HepG2). The cytotoxicity of the peptoid library has then been correlated with their antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also to the hydrophobicity of the peptoid sequences. The work presented provides valuable data to aid in the future rational design of antimicrobial peptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Bolt
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
| | - G A Eggimann
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
| | - C A B Jahoda
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , UK .
| | - R N Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USA
| | - G J Sharples
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , UK .
| | - S L Cobb
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK .
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Bacalum M, Janosi L, Zorila F, Tepes AM, Ionescu C, Bogdan E, Hadade N, Craciun L, Grosu I, Turcu I, Radu M. Modulating short tryptophan- and arginine-rich peptides activity by substitution with histidine. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1844-1854. [PMID: 28372989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High antimicrobial efficacy of short tryptophan-and arginine-rich peptides makes them good candidates in the fight against pathogens. Substitution of tryptophan and arginine by histidine could be used to modulate the peptides efficacy by optimizing their structures. METHODS The peptide (RRWWRWWRR), reported to showed good antimicrobial efficacy, was used as template, seven new analogs being designed substituting tryptophan or arginine with histidine. The peptides' efficacy was tested against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. aureus. The cytotoxicity and hemolytic effect were evaluated and the therapeutic index was inferred for each peptide. Atomic force microscopy and molecular simulation were used to analyze the effects of peptides on bacterial membrane. RESULTS The substitution of tryptophan by histidine proved to strongly modulate the antimicrobial activity, mainly by changing the peptide-to-membrane binding energy. The substitution of arginine has low effect on the antimicrobial efficacy. The presence of histidine residue reduced the cytotoxic and hemolytic activity of the peptides in some cases maintaining the same efficacy against bacteria. The peptides' antimicrobial activity was correlated to the 3D-hydrophobic moment and to a simple structure-based packing parameter. CONCLUSION The results show that some of these peptides have the potential to become good candidates to fight against bacteria. The substitution by histidine proved to fine tune the therapeutic index allowing the optimization of the peptide structure mainly by changing its binding energy and 3D-hydrophobic moment. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The short tryptophan reach peptides therapeutic index can be maximized using the histidine substitution to optimize their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Bacalum
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, PO Box MG-6, Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Lorant Janosi
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florina Zorila
- Multipurpose Irradiation Facility Center, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, PO Box MG-6, Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Tepes
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Center (SOOMCC), Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Ionescu
- Applied Nuclear Physics Department, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, PO Box MG-6, Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Elena Bogdan
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Center (SOOMCC), Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Niculina Hadade
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Center (SOOMCC), Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviu Craciun
- Applied Nuclear Physics Department, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, PO Box MG-6, Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Ion Grosu
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Center (SOOMCC), Cluj-Napoca, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Turcu
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Mihai Radu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, PO Box MG-6, Măgurele 077125, Romania.
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Holthausen DJ, Lee SH, Kumar VTV, Bouvier NM, Krammer F, Ellebedy AH, Wrammert J, Lowen AC, George S, Pillai MR, Jacob J. An Amphibian Host Defense Peptide Is Virucidal for Human H1 Hemagglutinin-Bearing Influenza Viruses. Immunity 2017; 46:587-595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Alcayaga-Miranda F, Cuenca J, Khoury M. Antimicrobial Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Status and New Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptide-Based Therapies. Front Immunol 2017; 8:339. [PMID: 28424688 PMCID: PMC5371613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy appears to be promising, there are concerns regarding possible side effects related to the unwanted suppression of antimicrobial immunity leading to an increased risk of infection. Conversely, recent data show that MSCs exert strong antimicrobial effects through indirect and direct mechanisms, partially mediated by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs). In fact, MSCs have been reported to increase bacterial clearance in preclinical models of sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and cystic fibrosis-related infections. This article reviews the current evidence regarding the direct antimicrobial effector function of MSCs, focusing mainly on the role of MSCs-derived AMPs. The strategies that might modulate the expression and secretion of these AMPs, leading to enhanced antimicrobial effect, are highlighted. Furthermore, studies evaluating the presence of AMPs in the cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are underlined as perspective opportunities to develop new drug delivery tools. The antimicrobial potential of MSCs-derived EVs can also be heightened through cell conditioning and/or drug loading. Finally, improving the pharmacokinetics and delivery, in addition to deciphering the multi-target drug status of AMPs, should synergistically lead to key advances against infections caused by drug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jimena Cuenca
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile.,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
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250
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Gerits E, Verstraeten N, Michiels J. New approaches to combat Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. J Oral Microbiol 2017; 9:1300366. [PMID: 28473880 PMCID: PMC5405727 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1300366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, bacteria predominantly reside in structured, surface-attached communities embedded in a self-produced, extracellular matrix. These so-called biofilms play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of many infections, as they are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to antimicrobials and host defense mechanisms. This review focusses on the biofilm-forming periodontal bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. Current knowledge on the virulence mechanisms underlying P. gingivalis biofilm formation is presented. In addition, oral infectious diseases in which P. gingivalis plays a key role are described, and an overview of conventional and new therapies for combating P. gingivalis biofilms is given. More insight into this intriguing pathogen might direct the development of better strategies to combat oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Gerits
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalie Verstraeten
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
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