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Barba L, Abu-Rumeileh S, Barthel H, Massa F, Foschi M, Bellomo G, Gaetani L, Thal DR, Parnetti L, Otto M. Clinical and diagnostic implications of Alzheimer's disease copathology in Lewy body disease. Brain 2024; 147:3325-3343. [PMID: 38991041 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Concomitant Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is a frequent event in the context of Lewy body disease (LBD), occurring in approximately half of all cases. Evidence shows that LBD patients with AD copathology show an accelerated disease course, a greater risk of cognitive decline and an overall poorer prognosis. However, LBD-AD cases may show heterogeneous motor and non-motor phenotypes with a higher risk of dementia and, consequently, be not rarely misdiagnosed. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of LBD-AD by discussing the synergistic effects of AD neuropathological changes and Lewy pathology and their clinical relevance. Furthermore, we provide an extensive overview of neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers under assessment for use in LBD-AD and their possible diagnostic and prognostic values. AD pathology can be predicted in vivo by means of CSF, MRI and PET markers, whereas the most promising technique to date for identifying Lewy pathology in different biological tissues is the α-synuclein seed amplification assay. Pathological imaging and CSF AD biomarkers are associated with a higher likelihood of cognitive decline in LBD but do not always mirror the neuropathological severity as in pure AD. Implementing the use of blood-based AD biomarkers might allow faster screening of LBD patients for AD copathology, thus improving the overall diagnostic sensitivity for LBD-AD. Finally, we discuss the literature on novel candidate biomarkers being exploited in LBD-AD to investigate other aspects of neurodegeneration, such as neuroaxonal injury, glial activation and synaptic dysfunction. The thorough characterization of AD copathology in LBD should be taken into account when considering differential diagnoses of dementia syndromes, to allow prognostic evaluation on an individual level, and to guide symptomatic and disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Barba
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Samir Abu-Rumeileh
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Federico Massa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Matteo Foschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital of Ravenna, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna 48121, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bellomo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06129, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06129, Italy
| | - Dietmar R Thal
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory for Neuropathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06129, Italy
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06120, Germany
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202
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You J, Li X, Xia J, Li H, Wang J. Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio and Hemorrhagic Transformation in Patients with Successful Recanalization after Thrombectomy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1475-1481. [PMID: 38719611 PMCID: PMC11448998 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hemorrhagic transformation remains a potentially devastating complication of acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate whether the hypoperfusion intensity ratio, a parameter derived from CT perfusion imaging, is associated with the development of hemorrhagic transformation in patients with anterior large-artery occlusion who had undergone thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data from patients with consecutive acute ischemic strokes who had achieved successful recanalization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score ≥2b) between January 2020 and December 2023. HIR was defined as the ratio of the volume of lesions with a time-to-maximum (Tmax) >6 seconds to those with a Tmax >10 second delay. The primary outcome, based on the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study, was hemorrhagic transformation, diagnosed by follow-up imaging assessment in 24-hour windows, and radiologically classified as hemorrhagic infarction and parenchymal hematoma. The secondary outcome was a 3-month mRS score of ≥3. RESULTS Among 168 patients, 35 of 168 developed hemorrhagic transformation; 14 of 168 developed hemorrhagic infarction, and 21 of 168 developed parenchymal hematoma PH. After adjusting the latent covariates, increased hypoperfusion intensity ratio (per 0.1, adjusted OR [aOR] 1.68, 95% CI 1.26-2.25), ASPECTS (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.27-0.72), onset-to-puncture (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02), and cardioembolism (aOR 5.6, 95% CI 1.59-19.7) were associated with hemorrhagic transformation in multivariable regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that hypoperfusion intensity ratio can predict hemorrhagic transformation accurately (area under the curve = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.738-0.882; P < .001) and predict parenchymal hematoma (area under the curve = 0.801; 95% CI, 0.727-0.875; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Upon admission, hypoperfusion intensity ratio, an imaging parameter, predicted hemorrhagic transformation after reperfusion therapy in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang You
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine (J.Y., J.X., H.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine (X.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Xia
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine (J.Y., J.X., H.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haopeng Li
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine (J.Y., J.X., H.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- From the Department of Emergency Medicine (J.Y., J.X., H.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine (X.L., J.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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203
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Stout JN, See AP, Meadows J, Rangwala SD, Orbach DB. Comparing Vascular Morphology and Hemodynamics in Patients with Vein of Galen Malformations Using Intracranial 4D Flow MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1586-1592. [PMID: 38789120 PMCID: PMC11448974 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vein of Galen malformation (VOGM) is the most common congenital cerebrovascular malformation, and many patients have high mortality rates and poor cognitive outcomes. Quantitative diagnostic tools are needed to improve clinical outcomes, and the purpose of this study was to characterize intracranial blood flow in VOGM using quantitative 4D flow MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study of children with VOGM was conducted by acquiring 4D flow MRI to quantify total blood inflow to the brain, flow in the pathologic falcine sinus, and flow in the superior sagittal sinus. Linear regression was used to test the relationships between these flows and age, clinical status, and the mediolateral diameter of the outflow tract of the lesion through the falcine or straight sinus diameter, which is a known morphologic prognostic metric. RESULTS In all 11 subjects (mean age, 22 [SD,17 ] weeks), total blood flow to the brain always exceeded normal levels (mean, 1063 [SD, 403] mL/minute). Significant correlations were observed between falcine sinus flow and the mediolateral diameter of the straight or falcine sinus, the posterior cerebral artery/MCA flow ratio and age at scanning, and superior sagittal sinus flow proximal to malformation inflow and age at scanning. CONCLUSIONS Using 4D flow MRI, we established the hemodynamic underpinnings of the mediolateral diameter of the straight or falcine sinus and investigated metrics representing parenchymal venous drainage that could be used to monitor the normalization of hemodynamics during embolization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey N Stout
- From the Cerebrovascular Surgery and Interventions Center (J.N.S., A.P.S., J.M., D.B.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alfred Pokmeng See
- From the Cerebrovascular Surgery and Interventions Center (J.N.S., A.P.S., J.M., D.B.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie Meadows
- From the Cerebrovascular Surgery and Interventions Center (J.N.S., A.P.S., J.M., D.B.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shivani D Rangwala
- Department of Neurosurgery (S.D.R.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Darren B Orbach
- From the Cerebrovascular Surgery and Interventions Center (J.N.S., A.P.S., J.M., D.B.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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204
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Roodveldt C, Bernardino L, Oztop-Cakmak O, Dragic M, Fladmark KE, Ertan S, Aktas B, Pita C, Ciglar L, Garraux G, Williams-Gray C, Pacheco R, Romero-Ramos M. The immune system in Parkinson's disease: what we know so far. Brain 2024; 147:3306-3324. [PMID: 38833182 PMCID: PMC11449148 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized neuropathologically by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain, the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in neurons and chronic neuroinflammation. In the past two decades, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies have consistently shown the involvement of inflammatory responses mediated by microglia and astrocytes, which may be elicited by pathological α-syn or signals from affected neurons and other cell types, and are directly linked to neurodegeneration and disease development. Apart from the prominent immune alterations seen in the CNS, including the infiltration of T cells into the brain, more recent studies have demonstrated important changes in the peripheral immune profile within both the innate and adaptive compartments, particularly involving monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This review aims to integrate the consolidated understanding of immune-related processes underlying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, focusing on both central and peripheral immune cells, neuron-glia crosstalk as well as the central-peripheral immune interaction during the development of Parkinson's disease. Our analysis seeks to provide a comprehensive view of the emerging knowledge of the mechanisms of immunity in Parkinson's disease and the implications of this for better understanding the overall pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Roodveldt
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University of Seville-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ozgur Oztop-Cakmak
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Milorad Dragic
- Laboratory for Neurobiology, Department of General Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, ‘VINČA’ Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kari E Fladmark
- Department of Biological Science, University of Bergen, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Busra Aktas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur 15200, Turkey
| | - Carlos Pita
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucia Ciglar
- Center Health & Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gaetan Garraux
- Movere Group, Faculty of Medicine, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | | | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Huechuraba 8580702, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia 7510156, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marina Romero-Ramos
- Department of Biomedicine & The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience—DANDRITE, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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205
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Wu CH, Lee PL, Wang YF, Lirng JF, Chen ST, Lin CJ, Wang SJ, Chou KH, Chen SP. Phasic perfusion dynamics among migraine subtypes: a multimodel arterial spin labeling investigation. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:167. [PMID: 39363159 PMCID: PMC11448297 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine-related perfusion changes are documented but inconsistent across studies due to limited sample size and insufficient phenotyping. The phasic and spatial dynamics across migraine subtypes remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to determine spatiotemporal dynamics of gray matter (GM) perfusion in migraine. METHODS We prospectively recruited episodic (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) patients, diagnosed with the International Headache Society criteria and healthy controls (HCs) between 2021 and 2023 from the headache center in a tertiary medical center, and adjacent communities. Magnetic resonance (3-tesla) arterial spin labeling (ASL) was conducted for whole brain cerebral blood flow (CBF) in all participants. The voxel-wise and whole brain gray matter (GM) CBF were compared between subgroups. Spatial pattern analysis of CBF and its correlations with headache frequency were investigated regarding different migraine phases and subtypes. Sex- and age-adjusted voxel-wise and whole brain GM comparisons were performed between HCs and different EM and CM phases. Spatial pattern analysis was conducted by CBF clusters with phasic differences and spin permutation test. Correlations between headache frequency and CBF were investigated regarding different EM and CM phases. RESULTS Totally 344 subjects (172 EM, 120 CM, and 52 HCs) were enrolled. Higher CBF in different anatomical locations was identified in ictal EM and CM. The combined panels of the specific locations with altered CBF in ictal EM on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated areas under curve of 0.780 (vs. HCs) and 0.811 (vs. preictal EM). The spatial distribution of ictal-interictal CBF alteration of EM and CM were not correlated with each other (p = 0.665; r = - 0.018). Positive correlations between headache frequency and CBF were noted in ictal EM and CM regarding whole GM and specific anatomical locations. CONCLUSIONS Patients with migraine exhibited unique spatiotemporal CBF dynamics across different phases and distinct between subtypes. The findings provide neurobiological insights into how selected anatomical structures engage in a migraine attack and adapt to plastic change of repeated attacks along with chronicity.
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Grants
- V113C-120, V113E004-1, V112C-113 & V112E-004-1 (to SJW); V112D67-001-MY3-2 & V113C-058 (to SPC); V112B-007 (to CHW) Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- V113C-120, V113E004-1, V112C-113 & V112E-004-1 (to SJW); V112D67-001-MY3-2 & V113C-058 (to SPC); V112B-007 (to CHW) Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- V113C-120, V113E004-1, V112C-113 & V112E-004-1 (to SJW); V112D67-001-MY3-2 & V113C-058 (to SPC); V112B-007 (to CHW) Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- CI-112-2 (to CHW) Yen Tjing Ling Medical Foundation
- N/A Professor Tsuen CHANG's Scholarship Program from Medical Scholarship Foundation In Memory Of Professor Albert Ly-Young Shen
- N/A Vivian W. Yen Neurological Foundation
- No.112-V-B-039; No. 113-V-B-020 (to CHW) Yin Shu-Tien Foundation Taipei Veterans General Hospital-National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Excellent Physician Scientists Cultivation Program
- NSTC 108-2314-B-010-022 -MY3, 110-2326-B-A49A-501-MY3 & 112-2314-B-A49-037-MY3 (to SPC); 110-2321-B-010-005-, 111-2321-B-A49-004, 111-2321-B-A49-011, 111-2314-B-A49-069-MY3, 111-2314-B-075-086-MY3, 111-2314-B-A49-090-MY3 & 112-2321-B-075-007 (to SJW); 113-2314-B-A49-070- & 112-2314-B-A49-056- (to KHC); 111-2314-B-075-025 -MY3 & 110-2314-B-075-005 (to CHW) National Science and Technology Council
- NSTC 108-2314-B-010-022 -MY3, 110-2326-B-A49A-501-MY3 & 112-2314-B-A49-037-MY3 (to SPC); 110-2321-B-010-005-, 111-2321-B-A49-004, 111-2321-B-A49-011, 111-2314-B-A49-069-MY3, 111-2314-B-075-086-MY3, 111-2314-B-A49-090-MY3 & 112-2321-B-075-007 (to SJW); 113-2314-B-A49-070- & 112-2314-B-A49-056- (to KHC); 111-2314-B-075-025 -MY3 & 110-2314-B-075-005 (to CHW) National Science and Technology Council
- NSTC 108-2314-B-010-022 -MY3, 110-2326-B-A49A-501-MY3 & 112-2314-B-A49-037-MY3 (to SPC); 110-2321-B-010-005-, 111-2321-B-A49-004, 111-2321-B-A49-011, 111-2314-B-A49-069-MY3, 111-2314-B-075-086-MY3, 111-2314-B-A49-090-MY3 & 112-2321-B-075-007 (to SJW); 113-2314-B-A49-070- & 112-2314-B-A49-056- (to KHC); 111-2314-B-075-025 -MY3 & 110-2314-B-075-005 (to CHW) National Science and Technology Council
- NSTC 108-2314-B-010-022 -MY3, 110-2326-B-A49A-501-MY3 & 112-2314-B-A49-037-MY3 (to SPC); 110-2321-B-010-005-, 111-2321-B-A49-004, 111-2321-B-A49-011, 111-2314-B-A49-069-MY3, 111-2314-B-075-086-MY3, 111-2314-B-A49-090-MY3 & 112-2321-B-075-007 (to SJW); 113-2314-B-A49-070- & 112-2314-B-A49-056- (to KHC); 111-2314-B-075-025 -MY3 & 110-2314-B-075-005 (to CHW) National Science and Technology Council
- N/A Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan
- N/A Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan
- MOHW107-TDU-B-211-123001, MOHW 108-TDU-B-211-133001 and MOHW112-TDU-B-211-144001 Ministry of Health and Welfare
- VGHUST-112-G1-2-1 (to SJW) Veterans General Hospitals and University System of Taiwan Joint Research Program
- Professor Tsuen CHANG’s Scholarship Program from Medical Scholarship Foundation In Memory Of Professor Albert Ly-Young Shen
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Wu
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Lee
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Feng Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Jiing-Feng Lirng
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Lin
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Hsien Chou
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Pin Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St. Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Translational Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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d'Angremont E, van der Zee S, Slingerland S, Slomp AC, de Vries EFJ, van Laar T, Sommer IE. Cholinergic deficiency in Parkinson's disease patients with visual hallucinations. Brain 2024; 147:3370-3378. [PMID: 38864492 PMCID: PMC11449127 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual hallucinations can increase the burden of disease for both patients with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers. Multiple neurotransmitters have been implicated in the neuropathology of visual hallucinations, which provide targets for treatment and prevention. In this study, we assessed the association between cholinergic denervation and visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease in vivo, using PET imaging of the cholinergic system. A total of 38 patients with Parkinson's disease participated in this study. A group of 10 healthy subjects, matched for age, sex and education, was included for comparison. None of the participants used cholinergic drugs. Thirteen patients who had experienced visual hallucinations in the past month (VH+) were compared with 20 patients who had never experienced visual hallucinations in their lives (VH-). Cholinergic system integrity was assessed with PET imaging using 18F-fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol as the tracer. We assessed the differences in tracer uptake between groups by cluster-based analysis and by analysis of predefined regions of interest consisting of the ventral visual stream, the dorsal attentional network, the ventral attentional network and the lateral geniculate nucleus and mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. The Parkinson's disease group (n = 38) showed an extensive pattern of decreased tracer uptake throughout the brain compared with the controls (n = 10). Within the Parkinson's disease group, the VH+ group (n = 13) showed a cluster of decreased tracer uptake compared with the VH- group (n = 20), which covered most of the left ventral visual stream and extended towards superior temporal areas. These results were mirrored in the regions of interest-based analysis, in which the VH+ group showed the strongest deficits in the left inferior temporal gyrus and the left superior temporal gyrus compared with the VH- group. Visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease are associated with a marked cholinergic deficiency in the left ventral visual stream and the left superior temporal lobe, in addition to an extensive global cholinergic denervation in the general Parkinson's disease population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile d'Angremont
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sygrid van der Zee
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie Slingerland
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C Slomp
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Teus van Laar
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris E Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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207
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Yang H, Park M, Lee JH, Kim B, Moon CS, Bae S, Kim Y, Lee HJ, Park CY. New peripherally-restricted CB1 receptor antagonists, PMG-505-010 and -013 ameliorate obesity-associated NAFLD and fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117501. [PMID: 39366030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation, prompting the investigation of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonists for obesity and its complications like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Concerns over psychiatric side effects led to the development of peripheral CB1R antagonists that circumvent the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we synthesized PMG-505-010 and PMG-505-013 as peripherally restricted CB1 receptor antagonists by modifying rimonabant to minimize BBB penetration. Physicochemical analysis confirmed their reduced lipophilicity and increased polarity compared to rimonabant, indicating limited brain exposure. Molecular docking studies revealed similar binding modes to rimonabant at CB1R, characterized by robust hydrophobic interactions. Functionally, they acted as CB1R antagonists and inverse agonists, effectively reversing CP55,940-induced cAMP inhibition. In a murine model of obesity-related NAFLD, PMG-505-010 and -013 improved metabolic profiles, including fasting blood glucose levels and dyslipidemia. They also ameliorated hepatic injury, steatosis, and inflammation, evidenced by reduced liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation, hepatic lipid levels, and inflammatory cytokine levels. Notably, these compounds inhibited hepatic fibrosis by reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and altering fibrosis-related gene and protein expressions. In conclusion, PMG-505-010 and PMG-505-013 hold promise for treating obesity-related liver diseases, including NAFLD and fibrosis, through selective peripheral CB1R targeting, potentially avoiding CNS-related side effects seen with earlier CB1R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyung Yang
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Miey Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea; Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- PharminoGen Inc., Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bokyoung Kim
- PharminoGen Inc., Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Sang Moon
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suyeal Bae
- PharminoGen Inc., Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea; Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol-Young Park
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
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208
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Zuo Q, Song L, Gao X, Cen M, Fu X, Qin S, Wu J. Associations of metabolic syndrome with cognitive function and dementia risk: Evidence from the UK Biobank cohort. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 39360436 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function, dementia and its subtypes. METHODS Based on the participants recruited by UK Biobank, this study aims to investigate the associations of MetS with cognitive function, dementia and its subtypes. Generalized estimating equations, Cox proportional risk models, and multiple linear regression models were respectively used to assess associations between MetS and dementia-related outcomes. RESULTS Among the 363,231 participants, 95,713 had MetS at baseline. The results showed that MetS was significantly associated with cognitive function related to fluid intelligence and prospective memory at follow-up. Among participants aged ≥60 years, MetS was correlated with elevated risk of all-cause dementia, particularly vascular dementia (VaD) [hazard ratio 1.115 (95% confidence interval: 1.047, 1.187), hazard ratio 1.393 (95% confidence interval: 1.233, 1.575), respectively]. With increasing MetS components, the risk of all-cause dementia and VaD tended to be elevated. MetS has also been associated with dementia-related structural changes in the brain, including alterations in overall brain volume, white matter volume, grey matter volume and white matter integrity. CONCLUSION MetS was associated with poorer cognitive performance and might increase the risk of all-cause dementia as well as VaD, but the effect on Alzheimer's disease was not significant. Holistic control of the MetS may benefit the prevention and control of cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlin Zuo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingling Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Manqiu Cen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xihang Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shifan Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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209
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Jones OA, Mohamed S, Hinz R, Paterson A, Sobowale OA, Dickie BR, Parkes LM, Parry-Jones AR. Neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in acute, clinical intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241274685. [PMID: 39360420 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241274685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a promising therapeutic target in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), characterized in the brain by microglial activation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. In this study, 36 acute, spontaneous, supratentorial ICH patients underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to measure BBB permeability (Ktrans) 1-3 days post-onset and 16 returned for [11C](R)-PK11195 PET to quantify microglial activation (BPND), 2-7 days post-onset. We first tested if these markers were increased and co-localized in the perihematomal brain and found that perihematomal Ktrans and BPND were increased vs. the contralateral brain, but regions of high Ktrans and BPND only overlapped by a mean of 4.9%. We then tested for associations of perihematomal Ktrans and BPND with clinical characteristics (age, ICH volume & location, blood pressure), other markers of inflammation (edema, IL-6, and CRP), and long-term functional outcome (90-day mRS). Lower perihematomal BPND was associated with increasing age. Lobar hemorrhage was associated with greater Ktrans than deep, but Ktrans and BPND were not associated with ICH volume, or other inflammatory markers. While perihematomal Ktrans and BPNDwere not associated with outcome, contralateral Ktrans was significantly associated with greater 90-day mRS. Exploratory analyses demonstrated that blood pressure variability over 72 h was also associated with contralateral Ktrans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia A Jones
- Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Saffwan Mohamed
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Imaging, Informatics and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alastair Paterson
- Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Oluwaseun A Sobowale
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ben R Dickie
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Imaging, Informatics and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura M Parkes
- Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian R Parry-Jones
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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210
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Cho NS, Wang C, Van Dyk K, Sanvito F, Oshima S, Yao J, Lai A, Salamon N, Cloughesy TF, Nghiemphu PL, Ellingson BM. Pseudo-Resting-State Functional MRI Derived from Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion MRI Can Predict Cognitive Impairment in Glioma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1552-1561. [PMID: 38719607 PMCID: PMC11448991 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) can be used to estimate functional connectivity (FC) between different brain regions, which may be of value for identifying cognitive impairment in patients with brain tumors. Unfortunately, neither rs-fMRI nor neurocognitive assessments are routinely assessed clinically, mostly due to limitations in examination time and cost. Since DSC perfusion MRI is often used clinically to assess tumor vascularity and similarly uses a gradient-echo-EPI sequence for T2*-sensitivity, we theorized a "pseudo-rs-fMRI" signal could be derived from DSC perfusion to simultaneously quantify FC and perfusion metrics, and these metrics can be used to estimate cognitive impairment in patients with brain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four consecutive patients with gliomas were enrolled in a prospective study that included DSC perfusion MRI, resting-sate functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and neurocognitive assessment. Voxelwise modeling of contrast bolus dynamics during DSC acquisition was performed and then subtracted from the original signal to generate a residual "pseudo-rs-fMRI" signal. Following the preprocessing of pseudo-rs-fMRI, full rs-fMRI, and a truncated version of the full rs-fMRI (first 100 timepoints) data, the default mode, motor, and language network maps were generated with atlas-based ROIs, Dice scores were calculated for the resting-state network maps from pseudo-rs-fMRI and truncated rs-fMRI using the full rs-fMRI maps as reference. Seed-to-voxel and ROI-to-ROI analyses were performed to assess FC differences between cognitively impaired and nonimpaired patients. RESULTS Dice scores for the group-level and patient-level (mean±SD) default mode, motor, and language network maps using pseudo-rs-fMRI were 0.905/0.689 ± 0.118 (group/patient), 0.973/0.730 ± 0.124, and 0.935/0.665 ± 0.142, respectively. There was no significant difference in Dice scores between pseudo-rs-fMRI and the truncated rs-fMRI default mode (P = .97) or language networks (P = .30), but there was a difference in motor networks (P = .02). A multiple logistic regression classifier applied to ROI-to-ROI FC networks using pseudo-rs-fMRI could identify cognitively impaired patients (sensitivity = 84.6%, specificity = 63.6%, receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) = 0.7762 ± 0.0954 (standard error), P = .0221) and performance was not significantly different from full rs-fMRI predictions (AUC = 0.8881 ± 0.0733 (standard error), P = .0013, P = .29 compared with pseudo-rs-fMRI). CONCLUSIONS DSC perfusion MRI-derived pseudo-rs-fMRI data can be used to perform typical rs-fMRI FC analyses that may identify cognitive decline in patients with brain tumors while still simultaneously performing perfusion analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. Cho
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Bioengineering (N.S.C., B.M.E.), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Medical Scientist Training Program (N.S.C.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chencai Wang
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kathleen Van Dyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (K.V.D, B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Francesco Sanvito
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sonoko Oshima
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jingwen Yao
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert Lai
- UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurology (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Timothy F. Cloughesy
- UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurology (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Phioanh L. Nghiemphu
- UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurology (A.L., T.F.C., P.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Benjamin M. Ellingson
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (N.S.C., C.W., F.S., S.O., J.Y., N.S., B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Bioengineering (N.S.C., B.M.E.), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (K.V.D, B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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211
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Zhang K, Akcicek H, Shi G, Canton G, Liu J, Guo Y, Wang X, Chen L, Pimentel KD, Akcicek EY, Tang X, Jin Y, Li X, Balu N, Hatsukami TS, Mossa-Basha M, Chen Z, Yuan C. Estimating Flow Direction of Circle of Willis Using Dynamic Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1419-1426. [PMID: 38789121 PMCID: PMC11448990 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The circle of Willis (COW) is a crucial mechanism for cerebral collateral circulation. This proof-of-concept study aims to develop and assess an analysis method to characterize the hemodynamics of the arterial segments in the COW by using arterial spin-labeling (ASL) based non-contrast-enhanced dynamic MR angiography (dMRA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The developed analysis method uses a graph model, bootstrap strategy, and ensemble learning methodologies to determine the time curve shift from ASL dMRA to estimate the flow direction within the COW. The performance of the method was assessed on 52 subjects, by using the flow direction, either antegrade or retrograde, derived from 3D phase-contrast MR imaging as the reference. RESULTS A total of 340 arterial segments in the COW were evaluated, among which 30 (8.8%) had retrograde flow according to 3D phase-contrast MRI. The ASL dMRA-based flow direction estimation has an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 95.47%, 80%, and 96.34%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using ASL dMRA and the developed image analysis method to estimate the flow direction in COW is feasible. This study provides a new method to assess the hemodynamics of the COW, which could be useful for the diagnosis and study of cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Zhang
- From the Department of Bioengineering (K.Z., J.L., Y.G., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Halit Akcicek
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (H.A., E.Y.A., C.Y.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Gen Shi
- School of Engineering Medicine and School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering (G.S.), Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Gador Canton
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (G.C., X.W., L.C.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Josh Liu
- From the Department of Bioengineering (K.Z., J.L., Y.G., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yin Guo
- From the Department of Bioengineering (K.Z., J.L., Y.G., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (G.C., X.W., L.C.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (G.C., X.W., L.C.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kristi D Pimentel
- Department of Radiology (K.D.P., N.B., M.M.-B., Z.C., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ebru Yaman Akcicek
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (H.A., E.Y.A., C.Y.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Xihe Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery (X.T., Y.J.), Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery (X.T., Y.J.), Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology (X.L.), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Niranjan Balu
- Department of Radiology (K.D.P., N.B., M.M.-B., Z.C., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Thomas S Hatsukami
- Department of Surgery (T.S.H.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Mahmud Mossa-Basha
- Department of Radiology (K.D.P., N.B., M.M.-B., Z.C., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Zhensen Chen
- Department of Radiology (K.D.P., N.B., M.M.-B., Z.C., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University)(Z.C.), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Z.C.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Yuan
- From the Department of Bioengineering (K.Z., J.L., Y.G., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (H.A., E.Y.A., C.Y.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Radiology (K.D.P., N.B., M.M.-B., Z.C., C.Y.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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212
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Rust R, Nih LR, Liberale L, Yin H, El Amki M, Ong LK, Zlokovic BV. Brain repair mechanisms after cell therapy for stroke. Brain 2024; 147:3286-3305. [PMID: 38916992 PMCID: PMC11449145 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapies hold great promise for brain repair after stroke. While accumulating evidence confirms the preclinical and clinical benefits of cell therapies, the underlying mechanisms by which they promote brain repair remain unclear. Here, we briefly review endogenous mechanisms of brain repair after ischaemic stroke and then focus on how different stem and progenitor cell sources can promote brain repair. Specifically, we examine how transplanted cell grafts contribute to improved functional recovery either through direct cell replacement or by stimulating endogenous repair pathways. Additionally, we discuss recently implemented preclinical refinement methods, such as preconditioning, microcarriers, genetic safety switches and universal (immune evasive) cell transplants, as well as the therapeutic potential of these pharmacologic and genetic manipulations to further enhance the efficacy and safety of cell therapies. By gaining a deeper understanding of post-ischaemic repair mechanisms, prospective clinical trials may be further refined to advance post-stroke cell therapy to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rust
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lina R Nih
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Hao Yin
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mohamad El Amki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Health and Medical Sciences & Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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213
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Miskowiak KW, Damgaard V, Schandorff JM, Macoveanu J, Knudsen GM, Johansen A, Plaven-Sigray P, Svarer C, Fussing CB, Cramer K, Jørgensen MB, Kessing LV, Ehrenreich H. Effects of cognitive training under hypoxia on cognitive proficiency and neuroplasticity in remitted patients with mood disorders and healthy individuals: ALTIBRAIN study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:648. [PMID: 39363230 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is prevalent across neuropsychiatric disorders but there is a lack of treatment strategies with robust, enduring effects. Emerging evidence indicates that altitude-like hypoxia cognition training may induce long-lasting neuroplasticity and improve cognition. We will investigate whether repeated cognition training under normobaric hypoxia can improve cognitive functions in healthy individuals and patients with affective disorders and the neurobiological underpinnings of such effects. METHODS In sub-study 1, 120 healthy participants are randomized to one of four treatment arms in a double-blind manner, allowing for examination of separate and combined effects of three-week repeated moderate hypoxia and cognitive training, respectively. In sub-study 2, 60 remitted patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder are randomized to hypoxia with cognition training or treatment as usual. Assessments of cognition, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life are performed at baseline, end-of-treatment, and at 1-month follow-up. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans are conducted at baseline and 1-month follow-up, and [11C]UCB-J positron emission tomography (PET) scans are performed at end-of-treatment to quantify the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A). The primary outcome is a cognitive composite score of attention, verbal memory, and executive functions. Statistical power of ≥ 80% is reached to detect a clinically relevant between-group difference with minimum n = 26 per treatment arm. Behavioral data are analyzed with an intention-to-treat approach using mixed models. fMRI data is analyzed with the FMRIB Software Library, while PET data is quantified using the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) with centrum semiovale as reference region. DISCUSSION The results will provide novel insights into whether repeated hypoxia cognition training increases cognition and brain plasticity, which can aid future treatment development strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06121206 . Registered on 31 October 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- NEAD Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Hovedvejen 17, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, DK-2000, Denmark.
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, Copenhagen, DK-1353, Denmark.
| | - Viktoria Damgaard
- NEAD Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Hovedvejen 17, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, DK-2000, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, Copenhagen, DK-1353, Denmark
| | - Johanna Mariegaard Schandorff
- NEAD Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Hovedvejen 17, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, DK-2000, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, Copenhagen, DK-1353, Denmark
| | - Julian Macoveanu
- NEAD Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Hovedvejen 17, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, DK-2000, Denmark
| | - Gitte Moos Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Johansen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pontus Plaven-Sigray
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Svarer
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Bruun Fussing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine Cramer
- NEAD Centre, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Hovedvejen 17, Frederiksberg, Capital Region of Denmark, DK-2000, Denmark
| | - Martin Balslev Jørgensen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, City Campus, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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214
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Terkelsen MH, Iranzo A, Serradell M, Baun AM, Stokholm MG, Danielsen EH, Østergaard K, Otto M, Svendsen KB, Møller M, Johnsen EL, Garrido A, Vilas D, Santamaria J, Møller A, Gaig C, Brooks DJ, Borghammer P, Tolosa E, Pavese N. Cholinergic dysfunction in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder links to impending phenoconversion. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16503. [PMID: 39360592 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Most patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) progress to a parkinsonian alpha-synucleinopathy. However, time to phenoconversion shows great variation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cholinergic and dopaminergic dysfunction in iRBD patients was associated with impending phenoconversion. METHODS Twenty-one polysomnography-confirmed iRBD patients underwent baseline 11C-donepezil and 6-Fluoro-(18F)-l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET). Potential phenoconversion was monitored for up to 8 years. PET images were analysed according to patients' diagnoses after 3 and 8 years using linear regression. Time-to-event analysis was made with Cox regression, dividing patients into low and high tracer uptake groups. RESULTS Follow-up was accomplished in 17 patients. Eight patients progressed to either Parkinson's disease (n = 4) or dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 4), while nine remained non-phenoconverters. Compared with non-phenoconverters, 8-year phenoconverters had lower mean 11C-donepezil uptake in the parietal (p = 0.032) and frontal cortex (p = 0.042), whereas mean 11C-donepezil uptake in 3-year phenoconverters was lower in the parietal cortex (p = 0.005), frontal cortex (p = 0.025), thalamus (p = 0.043) and putamen (p = 0.049). Phenoconverters within 3 years and 8 years had lower 18F-DOPA uptake in the putamen (p < 0.001). iRBD patients with low parietal 11C-donepezil uptake had a 13.46 (95% confidence interval 1.42;127.21) times higher rate of phenoconversion compared with those with higher uptake (p = 0.023). iRBD patients with low 18F-DOPA uptake in the most affected putamen were all phenoconverters with higher rate of phenoconversion (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that cortical cholinergic dysfunction, particularly within the parietal cortex, could be a biomarker candidate for predicting short-term phenoconversion in iRBD patients. This study aligns with previous reports suggesting dopaminergic dysfunction is associated with forthcoming phenoconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam H Terkelsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic, Sleep Disorders Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Serradell
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic, Sleep Disorders Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas M Baun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten G Stokholm
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Karen Østergaard
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marit Otto
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Møller
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik L Johnsen
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alicia Garrido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic/Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dolores Vilas
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic/Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Santamaria
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic, Sleep Disorders Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arne Møller
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carles Gaig
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic, Sleep Disorders Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David J Brooks
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Per Borghammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eduardo Tolosa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic/Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nicola Pavese
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Otgonbaatar C, Song H, Jung KH, Hwang I, Hun Jeon Y, Choi KS, Yoo DH, Sohn CH. Quantification of Infarct Core Volume in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen in CT Perfusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1432-1440. [PMID: 38806237 PMCID: PMC11448980 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) is considered a robust marker of the infarct core in 15O-tracer-based PET. We aimed to delineate the infarct core in patients with acute ischemic stroke by using commonly used relative CBF (rCBF) < 30% and oxygen metabolism parameter of CMRO2 on CT perfusion in comparison with pretreatment DWI-derived infarct core volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with acute ischemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. The CMRO2 and CBF maps in CT perfusion were automatically generated by using postprocessing software. The infarct core volume was quantified with relative cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (rCMRO2) <20% -30% and rCBF <30%. The optimal threshold was defined as those that demonstrated the smallest mean absolute error, lowest mean infarct core volume difference, narrowest 95% limit of agreement, and largest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) against the DWI. RESULTS This study included 76 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 69.97 ± 12.15 years, 43 men). The optimal thresholds of rCMRO2 <26% resulted in the lowest mean infarct core volume difference, narrowest 95% limit of agreement, and largest ICC among different thresholds. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a volumetric bias of 1.96 mL between DWI and rCMRO2 <26%, whereas in cases of DWI and rCBF <30%, the bias was notably larger at 14.10 mL. The highest correlation was observed for rCMRO2 <26% (ICC = 0.936), whereas rCBF <30% showed a slightly lower ICC of 0.934. CONCLUSIONS CT perfusion-derived CMRO2 is a promising parameter for estimating the infarct core volume in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuluunbaatar Otgonbaatar
- From the Department of Radiology, College of Medicine (C.O., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Huijin Song
- Biomedical Research Institute (H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Departments of Neurology (K.-H.J.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Inpyeong Hwang
- Departments of Radiology (I.H., Y.H.J., K.S.C., D.H.Y., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hun Jeon
- Departments of Radiology (I.H., Y.H.J., K.S.C., D.H.Y., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Sung Choi
- Departments of Radiology (I.H., Y.H.J., K.S.C., D.H.Y., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Yoo
- Departments of Radiology (I.H., Y.H.J., K.S.C., D.H.Y., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- From the Department of Radiology, College of Medicine (C.O., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Departments of Radiology (I.H., Y.H.J., K.S.C., D.H.Y., C.-H.S.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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216
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Hao X, Wang Y, Hou MJ, Liao L, Yang YX, Wang YH, Zhu BT. Raloxifene Prevents Chemically-Induced Ferroptotic Neuronal Death In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04497-7. [PMID: 39354232 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death characterized by excessive iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, can be readily induced in cultured cells by chemicals such as erastin and RSL3. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) has been identified as an upstream mediator of chemically induced ferroptosis and also a target for ferroptosis protection. In this study, we discovered that raloxifene (RAL), a selective estrogen receptor modulator known for its neuroprotective actions in humans, can effectively inhibit PDI function and provide robust protection against chemically induced ferroptosis in cultured HT22 neuronal cells. Specifically, RAL can bind directly to PDI both in vitro and in intact neuronal cells and inhibit its catalytic activity. Computational modeling analysis reveals that RAL can tightly bind to PDI through forming a hydrogen bond with its His256 residue, and biochemical analysis further shows that when PDI's His256 is mutated to Ala256, RAL loses its inhibition of PDI's catalytic activity. This inhibition of PDI by RAL significantly reduces the dimerization of both the inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases and the accumulation of nitric oxide, both of which have recently been shown to play a crucial role in mediating chemically induced ferroptosis through subsequent induction of ROS and lipid-ROS accumulation. In vivo behavioral analysis shows that mice treated with RAL are strongly protected against kainic acid-induced memory deficits and hippocampal neuronal damage. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that RAL is a potent inhibitor of PDI and can effectively prevent chemically induced ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons both in vitro and in vivo. These findings offer a novel estrogen receptor-independent mechanism for RAL's neuroprotective actions in animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Hao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China
| | - Ming-Jie Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China
| | - Lixi Liao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China
| | - Yong Xiao Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China
| | - Ying-Hua Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao Ting Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), 2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518,172, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518,055, China.
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217
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Lin GQ, He XF, Liu B, Wei CY, Tao R, Yang P, Pei Z, Mo YM. Continuous theta burst stimulation ameliorates cognitive deficits in microinfarcts mice via inhibiting glial activation and promoting paravascular CSF-ISF exchange. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00499-8. [PMID: 39366451 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Microinfarcts are widespread in the elderly, accompanied by varying degrees of cognitive decline. Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) has been demonstrated to be neuroprotective on cognitive dysfunction, but the underlying cellular mechanism has been still not clear. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of cTBS on cognitive function and brain pathological changes in mice model of microinfarcts. The spatial learning and memory was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM), Glymphatic clearance efficiency was evaluated using in vivo two-photon imaging. The loss of neurons, activation of astrocytes and microglia, the expression and polarity distribution of the astrocytic aquaporin-4 (AQP4) were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Our results showed that cTBS treatment significantly improved the spatial learning and memory, accelerated the efficiency of glymphatic clearance, up-regulated the AQP4 expression and improved the polarity distribution of AQP4 in microinfarcts mice. Besides, cTBS treatment increased the number of surviving neurons, whereas decreased the activated astrocytes and microglia. Our study suggested that cTBS accelerated glymphatic clearance and inhibited the excessive gliogenesis, which ultimately exerted neuroprotective effects on microinfarcts mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qing Lin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chun-Ying Wei
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying-Min Mo
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China.
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218
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Gamba BFG, Pickler KDP, Lodetti G, Farias ACSD, Teixeira AG, Bernardo HT, Dondossola ER, Cararo JH, Luchiari AC, Rosemberg DB, Rico EP. Embryonic alcohol exposure alters cholinergic neurotransmission and memory in adult zebrafish. Behav Brain Res 2024; 474:115176. [PMID: 39098400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol is the most consumed addictive substance worldwide that elicits multiple health problems. Consumption of alcoholic beverages by pregnant women is of great concern because pre-natal exposure can trigger fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). This disorder can significantly change the embryo's normal development, mainly by affecting the central nervous system (CNS), leading to neurobehavioral consequences that persist until adulthood. Among the harmful effects of FASD, the most reported consequences are cognitive and behavioral impairments. Alcohol interferes with multiple pathways in the brain, affecting memory by impairing neurotransmitter systems, increasing the rate of oxidative stress, or even activating neuroinflammation. Here, we aimed to evaluate the deleterious effects of alcohol on the cholinergic signaling and memory in a FASD zebrafish model, using inhibitory avoidance and novel object recognition tests. Four months after the embryonic exposure to ethanol, the behavioral tests indicated that ethanol impairs memory. While both ethanol concentrations tested (0.5 % and 1 %) disrupted memory acquisition in the inhibitory avoidance test, 1 % ethanol impaired memory in the object recognition test. Regarding the cholinergic system, 0.5 % ethanol decreased ChAT and AChE activities, but the relative gene expression did not change. Overall, we demonstrated that FASD model in zebrafish impairs memory in adult individuals, corroborating the memory impairment associated with embryonic exposure to ethanol. In addition, the cholinergic system was also affected, possibly showing a relation with the cognitive impairment observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Fiorentin Giordani Gamba
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Karolyne de Pieri Pickler
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lodetti
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Salvador de Farias
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Gomes Teixeira
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Henrique Teza Bernardo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ronconi Dondossola
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - José Henrique Cararo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Luchiari
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Denis Broock Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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219
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Lacasse JM, Heller C, Kheloui S, Ismail N, Raval AP, Schuh KM, Tronson NC, Leuner B. Beyond Birth Control: The Neuroscience of Hormonal Contraceptives. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1235242024. [PMID: 39358019 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1235-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are one of the most highly prescribed classes of drugs in the world used for both contraceptive and noncontraceptive purposes. Despite their prevalent use, the impact of HCs on the brain remains inadequately explored. This review synthesizes recent findings on the neuroscience of HCs, with a focus on human structural neuroimaging as well as translational, nonhuman animal studies investigating the cellular, molecular, and behavioral effects of HCs. Additionally, we consider data linking HCs to mood disorders and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and stress response as a potential mediator. The review also addresses the unique sensitivity of the adolescent brain to HCs, noting significant changes in brain structure and function when HCs are used during this developmental period. Finally, we discuss potential effects of HCs in combination with smoking-derived nicotine on outcomes of ischemic brain damage. Methodological challenges, such as the variability in HC formulations and user-specific factors, are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for precise and individualized research approaches. Overall, this review underscores the necessity for continued interdisciplinary research to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms of HCs, aiming to optimize their use and improve women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M Lacasse
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Carina Heller
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07743, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Jena 07743, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Partner Site Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Sarah Kheloui
- NISE Lab, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- NISE Lab, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ami P Raval
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Department of Neurology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami and Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Kristen M Schuh
- Psychology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Natalie C Tronson
- Psychology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Benedetta Leuner
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Cai W, Wei XF, Zhang JR, Tao L, Li D, Zhang K, Shen WD. Acupuncture ameliorates depression-like behavior of poststroke depression model rats through the regulation of gut microbiota and NLRP3 inflammasome in the colon. Neuroreport 2024; 35:883-894. [PMID: 39207304 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of acupuncture on gut microbiota and expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the colon in poststroke depression (PSD) model rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomized into four groups: sham surgery group, poststroke depression group, acupuncture group, and probiotics group. Acupuncture therapy at Baihui (GV20), Shenting (GV24), bilateral Zusanli (ST36) acupoints in the acupuncture group and probiotic gavage therapy in the probiotics group were performed once per day for 2 weeks. Behaviors of depression were assessed by using weight measurements, sucrose preference test, open field test, and forced swimming test. Histopathological alterations in the colon were determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining, the expression of NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 pathway-related proteins was analyzed by western blotting. Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were derived from ELISA. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to examine and analyze the differences of gut microbiota of rats among all groups. Acupuncture was effective to increase weight and ameliorate depressive-like behaviors in PSD rats. Acupuncture increased the diversity of gut microbiota, upregulated the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and decreased the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Eggerthellaceae, and Streptococcaceae at family level. Acupuncture effectively improved the pathological changes in the colon. Meanwhile, acupuncture reduced NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 protein expressions in the colon, and serum levels of IL-18 and IL-1β. Acupuncture may reduce depressive-like behaviors of PSD by regulating the gut microbiota and suppressing hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the colon. Microbiota-gut-brain axis may be an effective target pathway for acupuncture treatment of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Cai
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Xi-Fang Wei
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Jiaxing Hospital of TCM, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Larissa Tao
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Wei-Dong Shen
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
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Armando NG, Dos Santos Claro PA, Fuertes M, Arzt E, Silberstein S. Role of canonical and non-canonical cAMP sources in CRHR2α-dependent signaling. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310699. [PMID: 39356686 PMCID: PMC11446442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurons exhibit activation of both the conventional transmembrane adenylyl cyclases (tmACs) and the non-canonical soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) as sources of cyclic AMP (cAMP). These two cAMP sources play crucial roles in mediating signaling pathways downstream of CRHR1 in neuronal and neuroendocrine contexts. In this study, we investigate the involvement of both cAMP sources in the molecular mechanisms triggered by CRHR2α. Here we provide evidence demonstrating that UCN1 and UCN3 exert a neuritogenic effect on HT22-CRHR2α cells, which is solely dependent on the cAMP pool generated by sAC and PKA activity but independent of ERK1/2 activation. Through the characterization of the effectors implicated in neurite elongation, we found that CREB phosphorylation and c-Fos induction rely on PKA activity and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, underscoring the critical role of signaling pathway regulation. These findings strengthen the concept that localized cAMP microdomains actively participate in the regulation of these signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G Armando
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula A Dos Santos Claro
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Fuertes
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Arzt
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Silberstein
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Oyeniran O, Liu L, Raymond C, Moyaert P, Kovacs MS, Anazodo UC, Hicks JW. Automated, Transferable, and Ethanol-Free Radiosynthesis of [ 11C]Butanol. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:3535-3542. [PMID: 39268711 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier permeability assessment are crucial hemodynamic parameters to measure under neurological conditions. In conjunction with positron emission tomography (PET), oxygen-15-labeled water has emerged as a gold standard for measuring cerebral perfusion; however, at higher flow rates, [15O]water extraction becomes nonlinear. In such a scenario, freely diffusible [11C]butanol can provide a truer estimate. Radiosyntheses of [11C]butanol reported to date are protracted, are not automated, or require ethanol in the final formulation. By using a flow-based, captive solvent approach on a commercially available radiosynthesizer, we automated and reduced the synthesis time to 28 min. Forgoing cartridge-based purification for an aqueous high-performance liquid chromatography method, we obtained high purity [11C]butanol in ethanol-free phosphate buffered saline in sufficient yields for clinical PET studies. We here report our expedited, automated, and ethanol-free radiosynthesis of [11C]butanol along with preliminary imaging of a porcine subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olujide Oyeniran
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Linshan Liu
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Confidence Raymond
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Paulien Moyaert
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Science, University of Ghent, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Michael S Kovacs
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Udunna C Anazodo
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Ontario H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Justin W Hicks
- Lawson Research Institute, Saint Joseph's Health Care London, London, Ontario N6C 2R5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
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Sheng B, Gao S, Chen X, Liu Y, Lai N, Dong J, Sun J, Zhou Y, Wu L, Hang CH, Li W. Exosomes-mediated delivery of miR-486-3p alleviates neuroinflammation via SIRT2-mediated inhibition of mitophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024:svn-2024-003509. [PMID: 39357894 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2024-003509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation participates in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH); however, no effective treatments exist. MicroRNAs regulate several aspects of neuronal dysfunction. In a previous study, we found that exosomal miR-486-3p is involved in the pathophysiology of SAH. Targeted delivery of miR-486-3p without blood-brain barrier (BBB) restriction to alleviate SAH is a promising neuroinflammation approach. METHODS In this study, we modified exosomes (Exo) to form an RVG-miR-486-3p-Exo (Exo/miR) to achieve targeted delivery of miR-486-3p to the brain. Neurological scores, brain water content, BBB damage, flow cytometry and FJC staining were used to determine the effect of miR-486-3p on SAH. Western blot analysis, ELISA and RT-qPCR were used to measure relevant protein and mRNA levels. Immunofluorescence staining and laser confocal detection were used to measure the expression of mitochondria, lysosomes and autophagosomes, and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the level of mitophagy in the brain tissue of mice after SAH. RESULTS Tail vein injection of Exo/miR improved targeting of miR-486-3p to the brains of SAH mice. The injection reduced levels of neuroinflammation-related factors by changing the phenotype switching of microglia, inhibiting the expression of sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and enhancing mitophagy. miR-486-3p treatment alleviated neurobehavioral disorders, brain oedema, BBB damage and neurodegeneration. Further research found that the mechanism was achieved by regulating the acetylation level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator l alpha (PGC-1α) after SIRT2 enters the nucleus. CONCLUSION Exo/miR treatment attenuates neuroinflammation after SAH by inhibiting SIRT2 expression and stimulating mitophagy, suggesting potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sen Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - XiangXin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Niansheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Dong
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Rangel-Gomez M, Alberini CM, Deneen B, Drummond GT, Manninen T, Sur M, Vicentic A. Neuron-Glial Interactions: Implications for Plasticity, Behavior, and Cognition. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1231242024. [PMID: 39358030 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1231-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The traditional view of glial cells as mere supportive tissue has shifted, due to advances in technology and theoretical conceptualization, to include a diversity of other functions, such as regulation of complex behaviors. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), have been shown to modulate synaptic functions through gliotransmitter-mediated neurotransmitter reuptake, influencing neuronal signaling and behavioral functions. Contemporary studies further highlight astrocytes' involvement in complex cognitive functions. For instance, inhibiting astrocytes in the hippocampus can lead to memory deficits, suggesting their integral role in memory processes. Moreover, astrocytic calcium activity and astrocyte-neuron metabolic coupling have been linked to changes in synaptic strength and learning. Microglia, another type of glial cell, also extend beyond their supportive roles, contributing to learning and memory processes, with microglial reductions impacting these functions in a developmentally dependent manner. Oligodendrocytes, traditionally thought to have limited roles postdevelopment, are now recognized for their activity-dependent modulation of myelination and plasticity, thus influencing behavioral responses. Recent advancements in technology and computational modeling have expanded our understanding of glial functions, particularly how astrocytes influence neuronal circuits and behaviors. This review underscores the importance of glial cells in CNS functions and the need for further research to unravel the complexities of neuron-glia interactions, the impact of these interactions on brain functions, and potential implications for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Rangel-Gomez
- Division of Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852
| | | | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Center for Cancer Neuroscience, and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Gabrielle T Drummond
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Tiina Manninen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland 33720
| | - Mriganka Sur
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Aleksandra Vicentic
- Division of Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852
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Pinto-Benito D, Bautista-Abad A, Lagunas N, Ontiveros N, Ganchala D, Garcia-Segura LM, Arevalo MA, Grassi D. Tibolone treatment after traumatic brain injury exerts a sex-specific and Y chromosome-dependent regulation of methylation and demethylation enzymes and estrogen receptors in the cerebral cortex. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167532. [PMID: 39366643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pinto-Benito
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Bautista-Abad
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Lagunas
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nebai Ontiveros
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Danny Ganchala
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Garcia-Segura
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Angeles Arevalo
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniela Grassi
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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226
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Singletary NM, Horga G, Gottlieb J. A neural code supporting prospective probabilistic reasoning for instrumental information demand in humans. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1242. [PMID: 39358516 PMCID: PMC11447085 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06927-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
When making adaptive decisions, we actively demand information, but relatively little is known about the mechanisms of active information gathering. An open question is how the brain prospectively estimates the information gains that are expected to accrue from various sources by integrating simpler quantities of prior certainty and the reliability (diagnosticity) of a source. We examine this question using fMRI in a task in which people placed bids to obtain information in conditions that varied independently in the rewards, decision uncertainty, and information diagnosticity. We show that, consistent with value of information theory, the participants' bids are sensitive to prior certainty (the certainty about the correct choice before gathering information) and expected posterior certainty (the certainty expected after gathering information). Expected posterior certainty is decoded from multivoxel activation patterns in the posterior parietal and extrastriate cortices. This representation is independent of instrumental rewards and spatially overlaps with distinct representations of prior certainty and expected information gains. The findings suggest that the posterior parietal and extrastriate cortices are candidates for mediating the prospection of posterior probabilities as a key step to anticipating information gains during active gathering of instrumental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Singletary
- Doctoral Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Guillermo Horga
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jacqueline Gottlieb
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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227
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Huo X, Luo G, Sun D, Nguyen T, Abdalkader M, Chen W, Yao X, Yuan G, Yi T, Han H, Pan Y, Jovin TG, Liebeskind DS, Liu L, Zhao X, Ren Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yan B, Miao Z. Intra-arterial tenecteplase after successful endovascular therapy (ANGEL-TNK): protocol of a multicentre, open-label, blinded end-point, prospective, randomised trial. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024:svn-2024-003318. [PMID: 39357896 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2024-003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite successful reperfusion after thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, up to half of patients are dependent or dead at 3-month follow-up.The aim of the current study is to demonstrate safety and efficacy of administering adjunct intra-arterial (IA) tenecteplase in anterior circulation LVO patients who have achieved successful reperfusion defined as eTICI 2b50 to 3. METHODS ANGEL-TNK is a multicentre, open-label, assessor-blinded endpoint, prospective randomised, controlled trial that will enrol up to 256 patients. Patients who meet inclusion criteria with anterior circulation LVO stroke and successful reperfusion will be randomised to receive IA tenecteplase or best medical management at 1:1 ratio. RESULTS The primary endpoint is a 90-day excellent outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-1. The primary safety endpoint is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 48 hours from randomisation. Secondary endpoints include 90-day ordinal mRS, mRS 0-2, mRS 0-3, all-cause mortality and any intracranial haemorrhage. CONCLUSION In patients with anterior circulation LVO stroke, the ANGEL-TNK trial will inform whether adjunct IA tenecteplase administered after successful thrombectomy reperfusion improves patient outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05624190.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Huo
- Cerebrovascular Disease Department, Neurological Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Sun
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Neurology, Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Wenhuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou), The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Guangxiong Yuan
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
| | - Tingyu Yi
- Department of Neurology, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province and Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Han
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yuesong Pan
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tudor G Jovin
- Cooper Hospital University Medical Center, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Liping Liu
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeguang Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bernard Yan
- Department of Neurology at Melbourne Brain Center, The University of Melbourne Medicine at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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228
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Zima L, Moore AN, Smolen P, Kobori N, Noble B, Robinson D, Hood KN, Homma R, Al Mamun A, Redell JB, Dash PK. The evolving pathophysiology of TBI and the advantages of temporally-guided combination therapies. Neurochem Int 2024; 180:105874. [PMID: 39366429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI) activates cascades of biochemical, molecular, structural, and pathological changes in the brain. These changes combine to contribute to the various outcomes observed after TBI. Given the breadth and complexity of changes, combination treatments may be an effective approach for targeting multiple detrimental pathways to yield meaningful improvements. In order to identify targets for therapy development, the temporally evolving pathophysiology of TBI needs to be elucidated in detail at both the cellular and molecular levels, as it has been shown that the mechanisms contributing to cognitive dysfunction change over time. Thus, a combination of individual mechanism-based therapies is likely to be effective when maintained based on the time courses of the cellular and molecular changes being targeted. In this review, we will discuss the temporal changes of some of the key clinical pathologies of human TBI, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, and the results from preclinical and clinical studies aimed at mitigating their consequences. As most of the pathological events that occur after TBI are likely to have subsided in the chronic stage of the disease, combination treatments aimed at attenuating chronic conditions such as cognitive dysfunction may not require the initiation of individual treatments at a specific time. We propose that a combination of acute, subacute, and chronic interventions may be necessary to maximally improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for persons who have sustained a TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zima
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anthony N Moore
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Smolen
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nobuhide Kobori
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian Noble
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dustin Robinson
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimberly N Hood
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryota Homma
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amar Al Mamun
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John B Redell
- Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pramod K Dash
- Departments of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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Wang Y, Zhang L, Lyu T, Cui L, Zhao S, Wang X, Wang M, Wang Y, Li Z. Association of DNA methylation/demethylation with the functional outcome of stroke in a hyperinflammatory state. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2229-2239. [PMID: 38488557 PMCID: PMC11034580 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202410000-00024/figure1/v/2024-02-06T055622Z/r/image-tiff Inflammation is closely related to stroke prognosis, and high inflammation status leads to poor functional outcome in stroke. DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of stroke. However, the effect of DNA methylation on stroke at high levels of inflammation is unclear. In this study, we constructed a hyperinflammatory cerebral ischemia mouse model and investigated the effect of hypomethylation and hypermethylation on the functional outcome. We constructed a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated the mice with lipopolysaccharide to induce a hyperinflammatory state. To investigate the effect of DNA methylation on stroke, we used small molecule inhibitors to restrain the function of key DNA methylation and demethylation enzymes. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, neurological function scores, neurobehavioral tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot assay were used to evaluate the effects after stroke in mice. We assessed changes in the global methylation status by measuring DNA 5-mc and DNA 5-hmc levels in peripheral blood after the use of the inhibitor. In the group treated with the DNA methylation inhibitor, brain tissue 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining showed an increase in infarct volume, which was accompanied by a decrease in neurological scores and worsening of neurobehavioral performance. The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin 6 and interleukin-1 beta in ischemic brain tissue and plasma were elevated, indicating increased inflammation. Related inflammatory pathway exploration showed significant overactivation of nuclear factor kappa B. These results suggested that inhibiting DNA methylation led to poor functional outcome in mice with high inflammation following stroke. Further, the effects were reversed by inhibition of DNA demethylation. Our findings suggest that DNA methylation regulates the inflammatory response in stroke and has an important role in the functional outcome of hyperinflammatory stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjie Lyu
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Cui
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shunying Zhao
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiao Li
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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Zhang M, Gan X, Fang Y, Song X, Li Q, Huang B. Intestinal flora influences the progression of subarachnoid hemorrhage by affecting peripheral and central inflammatory pathways. Brain Res 2024; 1840:149032. [PMID: 38806092 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a debilitating condition that leaves survivors with neurological disability for the rest of their lives. No effective treatment for early brain injury (EBI) has been developed. Gut microbiome (GM) impact the host immune system and can influence disease processes in several organs, including the brain. However, it remains unclear whether the GM has an impact on the outcome of SAH brain injury. Here, we wondered whether microbiota could relieve the injury. We changed the microbiota of 8-week-old male rats by administering antibiotic-containing water for 2 weeks. Composition of the GM was profiled by using 16S rRNA. We induced SAH by puncture the internal carotid artery of control rats and rats with altered GM. Additionally, we studied inflammatory cells using HE stains, Intestinal lymphocyte flow cytometry, and Neuroinflammatory factor WB. SAH was significantly averted by alterations in GM using antibiotics. The altered GM significantly increased the intestinal and intracranial inflammation after SAH. This was manifested by Mosin (MSN) inflammatory cytokines. Our findings demonstrated that the brain injury following SAH is associated with GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaokui Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingquan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baosheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
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Russo A, Örzsik B, Yalin N, Simpson I, Nwaubani P, Pinna A, De Marco R, Sharp H, Kartar A, Singh N, Blockley N, Stone AJL, Turkheimer FE, Young AH, Cercignani M, Zelaya F, Asllani I, Colasanti A. Altered oxidative neurometabolic response to methylene blue in bipolar disorder revealed by quantitative neuroimaging. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:790-798. [PMID: 39019231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral mitochondrial and hemodynamic abnormalities have been implicated in Bipolar Disorder pathophysiology, likely contributing to neurometabolic vulnerability-leading to worsen clinical outcomes and mood instability. To investigate neurometabolic vulnerability in patients with BD, we combined multi-modal quantitative MRI assessment of cerebral oxygenation with acute administration of Methylene Blue, a neurometabolic/hemodynamic modulator acting on cerebral mitochondria. METHODS Fifteen euthymic patients with chronic BD-type 1, and fifteen age/gender-matched healthy controls underwent two separate MRI sessions in a single-blinded randomized cross-over design, each after intravenous infusion of either MB (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo. MRI-based measures of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Extraction Fraction were integrated to compute Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen in Frontal Lobe, Anterior Cingulate, and Hippocampus-implicated in BD neurometabolic pathophysiology. Inter-daily variation in mood rating was used to assess mood instability. RESULTS A decrease in global CBF and CMRO2 was observed after acutely administrating MB to all participants. Greater regional CMRO2 reductions were observed after MB, in patients compared to controls in FL (mean = -14.2 ± 19.5 % versus 2.3 ± 14.8 %), ACC (mean = -14.8 ± 23.7 % versus 2.4 ± 15.7 %). The effects on CMRO2 in those regions were primarily driven by patients with longer disease duration and higher mood instability. LIMITATIONS Sample size; medications potentially impacting on response to MB. CONCLUSIONS An altered neurometabolic response to MB, a mitochondrial/hemodynamic modulator, was observed in patients, supporting the hypothesis of vulnerability to neurometabolic stress in BD. Integrating quantitative imaging of cerebral oxygen metabolism with a mitochondrial-targeting pharmacological challenge could provide a novel biomarker of neurometabolic and cerebrovascular pathophysiology in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Russo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, UK.
| | - Balázs Örzsik
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nefize Yalin
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ivor Simpson
- School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Prince Nwaubani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Antonello Pinna
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Riccardo De Marco
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Harriet Sharp
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Amy Kartar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK
| | - Nisha Singh
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Allan H Young
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Mara Cercignani
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Fernando Zelaya
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Iris Asllani
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, USA
| | - Alessandro Colasanti
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, UK
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Kovács Á, Zhazykbayeva S, Herwig M, Fülöp GÁ, Csípő T, Oláh N, Hassoun R, Budde H, Osman H, Kaçmaz M, Jaquet K, Priksz D, Juhász B, Akin I, Papp Z, Schmidt WE, Mügge A, El-Battrawy I, Tóth A, Hamdani N. Sex-specific cardiovascular remodeling leads to a divergent sex-dependent development of heart failure in aged hypertensive rats. GeroScience 2024; 46:4543-4561. [PMID: 38656649 PMCID: PMC11336029 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is continuously rising and predominantly affects older women often hypertensive and/or obese or diabetic. Indeed, there is evidence on sex differences in the development of HF. Hence, we studied cardiovascular performance dependent on sex and age as well as pathomechanisms on a cellular and molecular level. METHODS We studied 15-week- and 1-year-old female and male hypertensive transgenic rats carrying the mouse Ren-2 renin gene (TG) and compared them to wild-type (WT) controls at the same age. We tracked blood pressure and cardiac function via echocardiography. After sacrificing the 1-year survivors we studied vascular smooth muscle and endothelial function. Isolated single skinned cardiomyocytes were used to determine passive stiffness and Ca2+-dependent force. In addition, Western blots were applied to analyse the phosphorylation status of sarcomeric regulatory proteins, titin and of protein kinases AMPK, PKG, CaMKII as well as their expression. Protein kinase activity assays were used to measure activities of CaMKII, PKG and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). RESULTS TG male rats showed significantly higher mortality at 1 year than females or WT male rats. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was specifically reduced in male, but not in female TG rats, while LV diastolic dysfunction was evident in both TG sexes, but LV hypertrophy, increased LV ACE activity, and reduced AMPK activity as evident from AMPK hypophosphorylation were specific to male rats. Sex differences were also observed in vascular and cardiomyocyte function showing different response to acetylcholine and Ca2+-sensitivity of force production, respectively cardiomyocyte functional changes were associated with altered phosphorylation states of cardiac myosin binding protein C and cardiac troponin I phosphorylation in TG males only. Cardiomyocyte passive stiffness was increased in TG animals. On a molecular level titin phosphorylation pattern was altered, though alterations were sex-specific. Thus, also the reduction of PKG expression and activity was more pronounced in TG females. However, cardiomyocyte passive stiffness was restored by PKG and CaMKII treatments in both TG sexes. CONCLUSION Here we demonstrated divergent sex-specific cardiovascular adaptation to the over-activation of the renin-angiotensin system in the rat. Higher mortality of male TG rats in contrast to female TG rats was observed as well as reduced LV systolic function, whereas females mainly developed HFpEF. Though both sexes developed increased myocardial stiffness to which an impaired titin function contributes to a sex-specific molecular mechanism. The functional derangements of titin are due to a sex-specific divergent regulation of PKG and CaMKII systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Kovács
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gábor Á Fülöp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csípő
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Oláh
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hersh Osman
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mustafa Kaçmaz
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Kornelia Jaquet
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dániel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang E Schmidt
- Department of Medicine I, St. Josef Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University of Bochum, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, UK RUB, Ruhr University of Bochum, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, UK RUB, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
- HCEMM-SU Cardiovascular Comorbidities Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary.
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Dong QQ, Yang Y, Tao H, Lu C, Yang JJ. m6A epitranscriptomic and epigenetic crosstalk in liver fibrosis: Special emphasis on DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Cell Signal 2024; 122:111302. [PMID: 39025344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a pathological process caused by a variety of chronic liver diseases. Currently, therapeutic options for liver fibrosis are very limited, highlighting the urgent need to explore new treatment approaches. Epigenetic modifications and epitranscriptomic modifications, as reversible regulatory mechanisms, are involved in the development of liver fibrosis. In recent years, researches in epitranscriptomics and epigenetics have opened new perspectives for understanding the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Exploring the epigenetic mechanisms of liver fibrosis may provide valuable insights into the development of new therapies for chronic liver diseases. This review primarily focus on the regulatory mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, non-coding RNA, and DNA methylation in organ fibrosis. It discusses the interactions between m6A modification and DNA methylation, as well as between m6A modification and non-coding RNA, providing a reference for understanding the interplay between epitranscriptomics and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qi Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Chao Lu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
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234
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Cooper ML, Calkins DJ. Beyond hypertrophy: Changing views of astrocytes in glaucoma. Vision Res 2024; 223:108461. [PMID: 39059109 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes serve multiple roles in helping to maintain homeostatic physiology of central nervous system tissue, ranging from metabolic support to coupling between vascular and neural elements. Astrocytes are especially critical in axonal tracts such as the optic nerve, where axons propagate energy-demanding action potentials great distances. In disease, astrocyte remodeling is a dynamic, multifaceted process that is often over-simplified between states of quiescence and reactivity. In glaucoma, axon degeneration in the optic nerve is characterized by progressive stages. So too is astrocyte remodeling. Here, using quantitative analysis of light and electron micrographs of myelinated optic nerve sections from the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma, we offer further insight into how astrocyte organization reflects stages of degeneration. This analysis indicates that even as axons degenerate, astrocyte gliosis in the nerve increases without abject proliferation, similar to results in the DBA/2J retina. Gliosis is accompanied by reorganization. As axons expand prior to frank degeneration, astrocyte processes retract from the extra-axonal space and reorient towards the nerve edge. After a critical threshold of expansion, axons drop out, and astrocyte processes distribute more evenly across the nerve reflecting gliosis. This multi-stage process likely reflects local rather than global cues from axons and the surrounding tissue that induce rapid reorganization to promote axon survival and extend functionality of the nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Cooper
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Calkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Hudson JS, Nowicki KW, Lucke-Wold B, Gersey ZC, Dodd WS, Alattar A, McCarthy DJ, Agarwal P, Mehdi Z, Lang MJ, Hasan DM, Hoh BL, Gross BA. Clopidogrel Is Associated with Reduced Likelihood of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Multi-Center Matched Retrospective Analysis. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:936-940. [PMID: 37470917 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive inflammation underlies the formation and rupture of human intracranial aneurysms. There is a growing body of evidence that anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals may beneficially modulate this process. Clopidogrel (Plavix) is a commonly used irreversible P2Y12 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity. In this paper, we investigate whether clopidogrel is associated with the likelihood of aneurysm rupture in a multi-institutional propensity-matched cohort analysis. Patients presenting for endovascular treatment of their unruptured intracranial aneurysms and those presenting with aneurysm rupture between 2015 and 2019 were prospectively identified at two quaternary referral centers. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and medication usage at the time of presentation were collected. Patients taking clopidogrel or not taking clopidogrel were matched in a 1:1 fashion with respect to location, age, smoking status, aneurysm size, aspirin usage, and hypertension. A total of 1048 patients with electively treated aneurysms or subarachnoid hemorrhages were prospectively identified. Nine hundred twenty-one patients were confirmed to harbor aneurysms during catheter-based diagnostic angiography. A total of 172/921 (19%) patients were actively taking clopidogrel at the time of presentation. Three hundred thirty-two patients were matched in a 1:1 fashion. A smaller proportion of patients taking clopidogrel at presentation had ruptured aneurysms than those who were not taking clopidogrel (6.6% vs 23.5%, p < .0001). Estimated treatment effect analysis demonstrated that clopidogrel usage decreased aneurysm rupture risk by 15%. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first large-scale multi-institutional analysis suggesting clopidogrel use is protective against intracranial aneurysm rupture. It is our hope that these data will guide future investigation, revealing the pathophysiologic underpinning of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Hudson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Kamil W Nowicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zachary C Gersey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William S Dodd
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ali Alattar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David J McCarthy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Prateek Agarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zain Mehdi
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael J Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David M Hasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian L Hoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bradley A Gross
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, 4th floor, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Zhang L, Wu C, Liu T, Tian Y, Wang D, Wang B, Yin Y. Propofol Protects the Blood-Brain Barrier After Traumatic Brain Injury by Stabilizing the Extracellular Matrix via Prrx1: From Neuroglioma to Neurotrauma. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2743-2762. [PMID: 38951281 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the shared molecular pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and high-grade glioma and investigate the mechanism of propofol (PF) as a potential protective agent. By analyzing the Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, we compared the transcriptomic data of high-grade glioma and TBI patients to identify common pathological mechanisms. Through bioinformatics analysis, in vitro experiments and in vivo TBI model, we investigated the regulatory effect of PF on extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes through Prrx1 under oxidative stress. The impact of PF on BBB integrity under oxidative stress was investigated using a dual-layer BBB model, and we explored the protective effect of PF on tight junction proteins and ECM-related genes in mice after TBI. The study found that high-grade glioma and TBI share ECM instability as an important molecular pathological mechanism. PF stabilizes the ECM and protects the BBB by directly binding to Prrx1 or indirectly regulating Prrx1 through miRNAs. In addition, PF reduces intracellular calcium ions and ROS levels under oxidative stress, thereby preserving BBB integrity. In a TBI mouse model, PF protected BBB integrity through up-regulated tight junction proteins and stabilized the expression of ECM-related genes. Our study reveals the shared molecular pathogenesis between TBI and glioblastoma and demonstrate the potential of PF as a protective agent of BBB. This provides new targets and approaches for the development of novel neurotrauma therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenrui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin University Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yiqing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
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237
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Shen H, Ma Z, Hans E, Duan Y, Bi GH, Chae YC, Bonifazi A, Battiti FO, Newman AH, Xi ZX, Yang Y. Involvement of dopamine D3 receptor in impulsive choice decision-making in male rats. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110051. [PMID: 38917939 PMCID: PMC11401648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Impulsive decision-making has been linked to impulse control disorders and substance use disorders. However, the neural mechanisms underlying impulsive choice are not fully understood. While previous PET imaging and autoradiography studies have shown involvement of dopamine and D2/3 receptors in impulsive behavior, the roles of distinct D1, D2, and D3 receptors in impulsive decision-making remain unclear. In this study, we used a food reward delay-discounting task (DDT) to identify low- and high-impulsive rats, in which low-impulsive rats exhibited preference for large delayed reward over small immediate rewards, while high-impulsive rats showed the opposite preference. We then examined D1, D2, and D3 receptor gene expression using RNAscope in situ hybridization assays. We found that high-impulsive male rats exhibited lower levels of D2 and D3, and particularly D3, receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), with no significant changes in the insular, prelimbic, and infralimbic cortices. Based on these findings, we further explored the role of the D3 receptor in impulsive decision-making. Systemic administration of a selective D3 receptor agonist (FOB02-04) significantly reduced impulsive choices in high-impulsive rats but had no effects in low-impulsive rats. Conversely, a selective D3 receptor antagonist (VK4-116) produced increased both impulsive and omission choices in both groups of rats. These findings suggest that impulsive decision-making is associated with a reduction in D3 receptor expression in the NAc. Selective D3 receptor agonists, but not antagonists, may hold therapeutic potentials for mitigating impulsivity in high-impulsive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shen
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Zilu Ma
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Emma Hans
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ying Duan
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Bi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Yurim C Chae
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Francisco O Battiti
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Zheng-Xiong Xi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Yihong Yang
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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238
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Lu W, Song T, Li J, Zhang Y, Lu J. Individual-specific metabolic network based on 18F-FDG PET revealing multi-level aberrant metabolisms in Parkinson's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e70026. [PMID: 39300894 PMCID: PMC11413412 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.70026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic network analysis in Parkinson's disease (PD) based on 18F-FDG PET has revealed PD-related metabolic patterns. However, alterations at the systemic metabolic network level and at the connection level between different brain regions still remain unknown. This study aimed to explore metabolic network alterations at multiple network levels among PD patients using an individual-specific metabolic network (ISMN) approach. 18F-FDG-PET images of patients with PD (n = 34) and healthy subjects (n = 47) were collected. Healthy subjects were further separated into reference group (n = 28) and control group (n = 19) randomly. Standardized uptake value normalized by lean body mass ratio (SULr) maps was calculated from the PET images. ISMNs were constructed based on SULr maps for PD patients and controls with reference to the reference group. Comparisons of nodal and edge features were performed between PD and control groups. Correlation analysis was conducted between multilevel network properties and clinical scales in PD group. A linear classifier was trained based on nodal or edge features to distinguish PD from controls. The distance from each patient's ISMN to the group-level difference network showed a negative correlation with Hoehn and Yahr stage (r = -0.390, p = .023). Eight nodes from ISMN were identified which exhibited significantly increased nodal degree in PD patients compared to controls (p < .05). Eleven edges were observed which demonstrated significant distinctions in Z-score values in comparisons to the control group (p < .05). Furthermore, the nodal and edge features showed comparable performances in PD diagnosis compared to the traditional SULr values, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve larger than 0.91. The proposed ISMN approach revealed systemic metabolic deviations, as well as nodal and edge distinctions in PD, which might be supplementary to the existing findings on PD-related metabolic patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsXuanwu HospitalBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Tianbin Song
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsXuanwu HospitalBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Jiping Li
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsXuanwu HospitalBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina
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239
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Nelson RB, Rose KN, Menniti FS, Zorn SH. Hiding in plain sight: Do recruited dendritic cells surround amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease? Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116258. [PMID: 38705533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, human genome-wide association and expression studies have strongly implicated dysregulation of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Single cell mRNA sequencing studies have identified innate immune cell subtypes that are minimally present in normal healthy brain, but whose numbers greatly increase in association with AD pathology. These AD pathology-associated immune cells are putatively the locus for the immune-related AD risk. While the prevailing view is that these immune cells arise from transformation of resident brain microglia, studies across several decades and using multiple techniques and strategies suggest instead that the pathology-associated immune cells are bone-marrow derived hematopoietic cells that are recruited into brain. We critically review this translational literature, emphasizing the strengths and limitations of techniques used to address recruitment and the experimental designs employed. We conclude that the aggregate evidence points toward recruitment into brain of innate immune cells of the myeloid dendritic cell lineage. Recruitment of dendritic cells and their role in AD pathogenesis has broad implications for our understanding of the etiology and pathobiology of AD that impact the strategies to develop new, immune system-targeted therapeutics for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Nelson
- MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Kingston, RI; George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI; Dept of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.
| | - Kenneth N Rose
- MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Kingston, RI; Dept of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Frank S Menniti
- MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Kingston, RI; George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI; Dept of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Stevin H Zorn
- MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Kingston, RI; George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI; Dept of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
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240
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Batra A, Chou SHY. Advances in Neurocritical Care of Stroke: Present and Future. Stroke 2024; 55:2528-2531. [PMID: 38511387 PMCID: PMC11415547 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Batra
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology (A.B., S.H.-Y.C.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pathology (A.B.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology (A.B., S.H.-Y.C.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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241
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Wang Y, Yang B, Wang C. The association between fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases: A mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:447-456. [PMID: 39003732 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current observational studies have disputed the relationship between various fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases, and the causal relationship between the two is still unclear. METHODS In this study, we utilized the available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data on fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases from the IEU OpenGWAS project. After identifying the appropriate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables, we employed the MR-PRESSO outlier test to remove extreme values. Subsequently, we conducted a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and performed sensitivity analyses to ensure the reliability of the results. RESULTS The results of MR analysis suggest that ratio of saturated fatty acids to total fatty acids is positively correlated with the incidence rate of coronary heart disease (OR = 1.341, 95% CI = 1.016-1.769, P value = 0.038), monounsaturated fatty acid levels is negatively correlated with the incidence of stroke (OR = 0.800, 95% CI = 0.642-0.996, P value = 0.046), and docosahexaenoic acid levels is negatively correlated with the incidence of peripheral artery disease (OR = 0.747, 95% CI = 0.572-0.976, P value = 0.033). All results showed no heterogeneity or pleiotropy, but leave-one-out tests showed that the analysis results of some fatty acids were driven by a single SNP. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the existence of causal relationships between fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases at the genetic level. These findings provide valuable insights for potential prevention measures and therapeutic targets for the three atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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242
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Litman M, Spratt NJ, Beard DJ. The effect of nitroglycerin treatment on cerebral ischaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies. Nitric Oxide 2024; 151:10-16. [PMID: 39182717 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitroglycerin has been of considerable interest as a treatment for ischaemic stroke. Recent clinical trials with nitroglycerin transdermal patches during the acute phase of stroke failed to improve functional outcomes. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of nitroglycerin in preclinical models of ischaemic stroke has not previously been reported, despite several clinical trials. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical evidence regarding the effect of nitroglycerin on infarct volume in animal models of ischaemic stroke. SUMMARY OF REVIEW The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023432644). Our search identified 238 publications. Three publications met inclusion criteria (including 10 comparisons of infarct size). Study quality was modest (median 6 out of 9), with no evidence of publication bias. Nitroglycerin did not significantly reduce infarct volume (NMD point estimate 20.2 % reduction, 95 % CI -1.52-52.7 %, p = 0.068). Subgroup analysis suggested greater efficacy of nitroglycerin with direct intracarotid administration to the ischaemic territory at the time of reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS A small number of studies (three) were included in this review. Overall, nitroglycerin did not reduce infarct volume in experimental stroke models. However, nitroglycerin may be of benefit when administered directly into the ischaemic territory. Given nitroglycerin's short half-life, we propose this route may minimise harmful reduction of cerebral perfusion pressure resulting from hypotension following systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Litman
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Heart and Stroke Programme, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Neil J Spratt
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Heart and Stroke Programme, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Neurology, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Daniel J Beard
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; Heart and Stroke Programme, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.
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243
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Cárcel-Márquez J, Muiño E, Gallego-Fabrega C, Cullell N, Lledós M, Llucià-Carol L, Martín-Campos JM, Sobrino T, Campos F, Castillo J, Freijo M, Arenillas JF, Obach V, Álvarez-Sabín J, Molina CA, Ribó M, Jiménez-Conde J, Roquer J, Muñoz-Narbona L, Lopez-Cancio E, Millán M, Diaz-Navarro R, Vives-Bauza C, Serrano-Heras G, Segura T, Ibañez L, Heitsch L, Delgado P, Dhar R, Krupinski J, Prats-Sánchez L, Camps-Renom P, Guasch M, Ezcurra G, Blay N, Sumoy L, de Cid R, Montaner J, Cruchaga C, Lee JM, Martí-Fàbregas J, Férnandez-Cadenas I. Sex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study in the Spanish Population Identifies a Novel Locus for Lacunar Stroke. Stroke 2024; 55:2462-2471. [PMID: 39315829 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.047833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a significant health burden globally, necessitating a better understanding of its genetic underpinnings to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Despite advances in IS genetics, studies focusing on the Spanish population and sex-stratified analyses are lacking. METHODS A case-control genome-wide association study was conducted with 9081 individuals (3493 IS cases and 5588 healthy controls). IS subtypes using Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria were explored in a sex-stratified approach. Replication efforts involved the MEGASTROKE, GIGASTROKE, and the UK Biobank international cohorts. Post-genome-wide association study analysis included: in silico proteomic analysis, gene-based analysis, quantitative trait loci annotation, transcriptome-wide association analysis, and bioinformatic analysis using chromatin accessibility data. RESULTS Identified as associated with IS and its subtypes were 4 significant and independent loci. Replication confirmed 5p15.2 as a new locus associated with small-vessel occlusion stroke, with rs59970332-T as the lead variant (beta [SE], 0.13 [0.02]; P=4.34×10-8). Functional analyses revealed CTNND2 given proximity and its implication in pathways involved in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Integration of Hi-C data identified additional potentially modulated genes, and in silico proteomic analysis suggested a distinctive blood proteome profile associated with the lead variant. Gene-set enrichment analyses highlighted pathways consistent with small-vessel disease pathogenesis. Gene-based associations with known stroke-related genes such as F2 and FGG were also observed, reinforcing the relevance of our findings. CONCLUSIONS We found CTNND2 as a potential key molecule in small-vessel occlusion stroke risk, and predominantly in males. This study sheds light on the genetic architecture of IS in the Spanish population, providing novel insights into sex-specific associations and potential molecular mechanisms. Further research, including replication in larger cohorts, is essential for a comprehensive understanding of these findings and for their translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jara Cárcel-Márquez
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
| | - Elena Muiño
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
- Epilepsy Unit (E.M.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Gallego-Fabrega
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
| | - Natalia Cullell
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Laboratory, Fundación Docència I Recerca Mútua Terrassa, Hospital Mútua Terrassa, Spain (N.C.)
| | - Miquel Lledós
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
| | - Laia Llucià-Carol
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
| | - Jesús M Martín-Campos
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (T. Sobrino, F.C., J.C.), La Coruña, Spain
| | - Francisco Campos
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (T. Sobrino, F.C., J.C.), La Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (F.C.)
| | - José Castillo
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (T. Sobrino, F.C., J.C.), La Coruña, Spain
| | - Marimar Freijo
- Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Department of Neurology, Bilbao, Spain (M.F.)
| | | | - Victor Obach
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Spain (V.O.)
| | - José Álvarez-Sabín
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (J.A.-S., C.A.M., M.R.)
| | - Carlos A Molina
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (J.A.-S., C.A.M., M.R.)
| | - Marc Ribó
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (J.A.-S., C.A.M., M.R.)
| | - Jordi Jiménez-Conde
- Department of Neurology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar; Neurovascular Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain (J.J.-C., J.R.)
| | - Jaume Roquer
- Department of Neurology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar; Neurovascular Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain (J.J.-C., J.R.)
| | - Lucia Muñoz-Narbona
- Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (L.M.-N., M.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Lopez-Cancio
- Departament of Neurology, University Hospital Central de Asturias, Spain (E.L.-C.)
| | - Mònica Millán
- Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (L.M.-N., M.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Diaz-Navarro
- Department of Neurology, Son Espases University Hospital, Illes Balears Health Research Institute, Spain (R.D.-N., C.V.-B.)
| | - Cristòfol Vives-Bauza
- Department of Neurology, Son Espases University Hospital, Illes Balears Health Research Institute, Spain (R.D.-N., C.V.-B.)
| | - Gemma Serrano-Heras
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Albacete, Spain (G.S.-H., T. Segura)
| | - Tomás Segura
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Albacete, Spain (G.S.-H., T. Segura)
| | - Laura Ibañez
- Department of Psychiatry (L.I., C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Neurology (L.I., L.H., R.D., J.-M.L.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Neurogenomics and Informatics Center at Washington University in St. Louis, MO (L.I., C.C.)
| | - Laura Heitsch
- Department of Neurology (L.I., L.H., R.D., J.-M.L.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Emergency Medicine (L.H.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Pilar Delgado
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (P.D.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rajat Dhar
- Department of Neurology (L.I., L.H., R.D., J.-M.L.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jerzy Krupinski
- Neurology Service, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Spain (J.K.)
| | - Luis Prats-Sánchez
- Stroke Unit (L.P.-S., P.C.-R., M.G., G.E., J.M.-F.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pol Camps-Renom
- Stroke Unit (L.P.-S., P.C.-R., M.G., G.E., J.M.-F.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Guasch
- Stroke Unit (L.P.-S., P.C.-R., M.G., G.E., J.M.-F.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Garbiñe Ezcurra
- Stroke Unit (L.P.-S., P.C.-R., M.G., G.E., J.M.-F.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Blay
- GenomesForLife-GCAT Lab (N.B., R.d.C.), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lauro Sumoy
- High Content Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit (L.S.), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cid
- GenomesForLife-GCAT Lab (N.B., R.d.C.), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Institute de Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville and Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Spain (J.M.)
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry (L.I., C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Neurogenomics and Informatics Center at Washington University in St. Louis, MO (L.I., C.C.)
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Neurology (L.I., L.H., R.D., J.-M.L.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Joan Martí-Fàbregas
- Stroke Unit (L.P.-S., P.C.-R., M.G., G.E., J.M.-F.), Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Israel Férnandez-Cadenas
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.)
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Lu J, Quan J, Zhou J, Liu Z, Ding J, Shang T, Zhao G, Li L, Zhao Y, Li X, Wu J. Combined transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the effects of copper exposure on the liver of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116996. [PMID: 39244881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is recognized as an essential trace elements for the body; However, excessive levels of Cu can lead to toxic effects. We investigated the effects of Cu2+(75 μg/L, 150 μg/L, and 300 μg/L) on the rainbow trout liver. Combination of transcriptome and metabolome analyses, the regulatory mechanisms of the liver under Cu stress were elucidated. The results showed that Cu affected the antioxidant levels, leading to disruptions in the normal tissue structure of the liver. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed significant enrichment of the insulin signaling pathway and the adipocytokine signaling pathway. Additionally, Cu2+ stress altered the amino acid metabolism in rainbow trout by reducing serine and arginine levels while increasing proline content. Apoptosis is inhibited and autophagy and lipid metabolism are suppressed; In summary, Cu2+ stress affects energy and lipid metabolism, and the reduction of serine and arginine represents a decrease in the antioxidant capacity, whereas the increase in proline and the promotion of apoptosis potentially serving as crucial strategies for Cu2+ resistance in rainbow trout. These findings provided insights into the regulatory mechanisms of rainbow trout under Cu2+ stress and informed the prevention of heavy metal pollution and the selection of biomarkers under Cu pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Jinqiang Quan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Lanzhou 730022, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Jieping Ding
- Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Lanzhou 730022, PR China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Lanzhou 730022, PR China
| | - Guiyan Zhao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Lanlan Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Yingcan Zhao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Xiangru Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
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245
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Sun Z, Chen G, Gan J, Tang Y, Wu H, Shi Z, Yi T, Yang Y, Liu S, Ji Y. Exploring the Neural Mechanisms of Mirrored-Self Misidentification in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6148. [PMID: 39334521 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that causes a range of cognitive disturbances, including mirror-self misidentification syndrome (MSM), in which patients cannot recognize themselves in a mirror. However, the mechanism of action of MSM is not precisely known. This study aimed to explore the possible neural mechanisms of action of MSM in AD using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). METHODS This study included 48 AD patients, 13 in the MSM group and 35 in the non-MSM group. The permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was quantitatively monitored by measuring the transfer rate (Ktrans) of the contrast agent from the vasculature to the surrounding tissue using DCE-MRI. The concentration of contrast agents in different brain regions was measured, and the Patlak model was used to calculate Ktrans. Ktrans values were compared between the left and right cerebral hemispheres in different brain areas between the MSM and non-MSM groups. Additionally, the difference in Ktrans values between mild and severe MSM was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors for MSM. RESULTS The Mann‒Whitney U test was used to compare two groups and revealed elevated Ktrans values in the left thalamus, left putamen, left globus pallidus, left corona radiata, and right caudate in the MSM group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased Ktrans values in the left putamen (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.26) and left globus pallidus (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.31) may be risk factors for MSM. After dividing MSM patients into mild and moderate-severe groups, the Ktrans values of the thalamus in the moderate-severe group were greater than those in the mild group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study revealed the relationship between BBB permeability and MSM in AD. MSM is associated with BBB breakdown in the left putamen and globus pallidus. The left putamen and globus pallidus may function in mirror self-recognition. Higher BBB permeability in the thalamus may reflect the severity of AD in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Gan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiao Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingting Yi
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Dementia Institute, Tianjin, China
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Duffy BC, King KM, Nepal B, Nonnemacher MR, Kortagere S. Acute Administration of HIV-1 Tat Protein Drives Glutamatergic Alterations in a Rodent Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8467-8480. [PMID: 38514527 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a major comorbidity of HIV-1 infection, marked by impairment of executive function varying in severity. HAND affects nearly half of people living with HIV (PLWH), with mild forms predominating since the use of anti-retroviral therapies (ART). The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein is found in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients adherent to ART, and its administration or expression in animals causes cognitive symptoms. Studies of Tat interaction with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) suggest that glutamate toxicity contributes to Tat-induced impairments. To identify changes in regional glutamatergic circuitry underlying cognitive impairment, we injected recombinant Tat86 or saline to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were assessed with behavioral tasks that involve intact functioning of mPFC including the novel object recognition (NOR), spatial object recognition (SOR), and temporal order (TO) tasks at 1 and 2 postoperative weeks. Following testing, mPFC tissue was collected and analyzed by RT-PCR. Results showed Tat86 in mPFC-induced impairment in SOR, and upregulation of Grin1 and Grin2a transcripts. To further understand the mechanism of Tat toxicity, we assessed the effects of full-length Tat101 on gene expression in mPFC by RNA sequencing. The results of RNAseq suggest that glutamatergic effects of Tat86 are maintained with Tat101, as Grin2a was upregulated in Tat101-injected tissue, among other differentially expressed genes. Spatial learning and memory impairment and Grin2a upregulation suggest that exposure to Tat protein drives adaptation in mPFC, altering the function of circuitry supporting spatial learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna C Duffy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kirsten M King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Binod Nepal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael R Nonnemacher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Sandhya Kortagere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zhou X, Li J, Quan S, Zhang X, Gu L, Hu M, Huang W, Li Q. Andrographolide Improves ApoE4-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Injury by Alleviating Inflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7950-7967. [PMID: 38448724 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The pathological and physiological studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been in-depth, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) has been proven to be highly correlated with AD, and clinical and experimental data show that ApoE4 can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, and the change of BBB permeability is an important factor affecting the development of AD. Andrographolide (Andro), as the active component of the natural plant Andrographis paniculata, has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which have potential neuroprotective effects. To verify the protective effect of Andro on BBB in a short term, our research group used atorvastatin (Atorva)-mediated zebrafish brain injury model and the ApoE4-mediated cell co-culture model of BBB injury to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of Andro on BBB injury. Studies have shown that Andro can inhibit the activation of CypA/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway and has achieved the effect of antagonizing the inhibition of ApoE4 on intercellular tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5, and ZO-1). At the same time, Andro can inhibit the secretion of cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) in cells, thereby delaying the occurrence and progression of neuroinflammation and playing a protective role in BBB. In conclusion, Andro is a potent natural product which can protect the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Shengli Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Lili Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310013, ZheJiang, China.
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Leppert J, Küchler J, Wagner A, Hinselmann N, Ditz C. Prospective Observational Study of Volatile Sedation with Sevoflurane After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using the Sedaconda Anesthetic Conserving Device. Neurocrit Care 2024; 41:498-510. [PMID: 38485879 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-024-01959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volatile sedation is still used with caution in patients with acute brain injury because of safety concerns. We analyzed the effects of sevoflurane sedation on systemic and cerebral parameters measured by multimodal neuromonitoring in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) with normal baseline intracranial pressure (ICP). METHODS In this prospective observational study, we analyzed a 12-h period before and after the switch from intravenous to volatile sedation with sevoflurane using the Sedaconda Anesthetic Conserving Device with a target Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score of - 5 to - 4. ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), brain tissue oxygenation (PBrO2), metabolic values of cerebral microdialysis, systemic cardiopulmonary parameters, and the administered drugs before and after the sedation switch were analyzed. RESULTS We included 19 patients with a median age of 61 years (range 46-78 years), 74% of whom presented with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade 4 or 5 aSAH. We observed no significant changes in the mean ICP (9.3 ± 4.2 vs. 9.7 ± 4.2 mm Hg), PBrO2 (31.0 ± 13.2 vs. 32.2 ± 12.4 mm Hg), cerebral lactate (5.0 ± 2.2 vs. 5.0 ± 1.9 mmol/L), pyruvate (136.6 ± 55.9 vs. 134.1 ± 53.6 µmol/L), and lactate/pyruvate ratio (37.4 ± 8.7 vs. 39.8 ± 9.2) after the sedation switch to sevoflurane. We found a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (88.6 ± 7.6 vs. 86.3 ± 5.8 mm Hg) and CPP (78.8 ± 8.5 vs. 76.6 ± 6.6 mm Hg) after the initiation of sevoflurane, but the decrease was still within the physiological range requiring no additional hemodynamic support. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane appears to be a feasible alternative to intravenous sedation in patients with aSAH without intracranial hypertension, as our study did not show negative effects on ICP, cerebral oxygenation, or brain metabolism. Nevertheless, the risk of a decrease of MAP leading to a consecutive CPP decrease should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Leppert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Küchler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Niclas Hinselmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Claudia Ditz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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Abid AI, Conzatti G, Toti F, Anton N, Vandamme T. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as cell free nanotherapeutics and nanocarriers. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 61:102769. [PMID: 38914247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Many strategies for regenerating the damaged tissues or degenerating cells are employed in regenerative medicine. Stem cell technology is a modern strategy of the recent approaches, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MCSs). The ability of MSCs to differentiate as well as their characteristic behaviour as paracrine effector has established them as key elements in tissue repair. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed by MSCs have emerged as a promising cell free therapy. This comprehensive review encompasses MSCs-derived exosomes and their therapeutic potential as nanotherapeutics. We also discuss their potency as drug delivery nano-carriers in comparison with liposomes. A better knowledge of EVs behaviour in vivo and of their mechanism of action are key to determine parameters of an optimal formulation in pilot studies and to establish industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Imran Abid
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Conzatti
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
| | - Florence Toti
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nicolas Anton
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Thierry Vandamme
- UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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250
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Barrett J, Meng H, Zhang Z, Chen SM, Zhao L, Alsop DC, Qiao X, Dai W. An improved spectral clustering method for accurate detection of brain resting-state networks. Neuroimage 2024; 299:120811. [PMID: 39214436 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a data-driven analysis method to accurately partition large-scale resting-state functional brain networks from fMRI data. The method is based on a spectral clustering algorithm and combines eigenvector direction selection with Pearson correlation clustering in the spectral space. The method is an improvement on available spectral clustering methods, capable of robustly identifying active brain networks consistent with those from model-driven methods at different noise levels, even at the noise level of real fMRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Barrett
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Haomiao Meng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Zongpai Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Song M Chen
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - David C Alsop
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xingye Qiao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Weiying Dai
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.
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