251
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Grefrath SP, Reynolds JA. The molecular weight of the major glycoprotein from the human erythrocyte membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:3913-6. [PMID: 4530270 PMCID: PMC434296 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.10.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular weight of the major glycoprotein from the human erythrocyte membrane is 29,000, of which 55% is carbohydrate and 45% is protein. The binding of sodium dodecyl sulfate to this glycoprotein is anomalous when compared to water soluble proteins and leads to migration rates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels that cannot be interpreted in terms of molecular weight. Anomalous sodium dodecyl sulfate binding may be a general characteristic of many intrinsic membrane proteins even if they are not glycoproteins, and such proteins are likely to have mobilities in sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis that do not correspond to the mobilities of water soluble proteins of identical molecular weight.
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252
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Skotland T, Holm T, Osterud B, Flengsrud R, Prydz H. The localization of a vitamin K-induced modification in an N-terminal fragment of human prothrombin. Biochem J 1974; 143:29-37. [PMID: 4219283 PMCID: PMC1168348 DOI: 10.1042/bj1430029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. The N-terminal fragment (PF-I) split off from prothrombin during coagulation was purified to homogeneity from human serum. 2. The apparent molecular weight is 27000+/-2000 in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, whereas a value of about 19600 is obtained by calculation based on amino acid and carbohydrate analyses. The N-terminal sequence is an Ala-Asx bond. The fragment contains about 16% carbohydrate, binds phospholipids in the presence of Ca(2+) and is adsorbed to BaSO(4). The pK(a) of its BaSO(4)-binding group(s) is 3.1-3.5. 3. By CNBr cleavage of fragment PF-I two peptides (C-1 and C-2) were obtained with molecular weights of about 5900 (C-2) and 12400 (C-1) on the basis of amino acid and carbohydrate analyses. Only the smaller (N-terminal) peptide is adsorbed to BaSO(4) and, since the ability of the whole protein to bind to BaSO(4) is known to be absent in samples obtained from patients treated with vitamin K antagonists, this peptide probably contains the site of a modification to the structure of the protein which occurs during biosynthesis and depends on vitamin K. This peptide does not contain hexosamine or sialic acid.
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253
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Williams J. The formation of iron-binding fragments of hen ovotransferrin by limited proteolysis. Biochem J 1974; 141:745-52. [PMID: 4463961 PMCID: PMC1168181 DOI: 10.1042/bj1410745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. Iron was added to hen ovotransferrin to 30% saturation and the protein was digested with trypsin or chymotrypsin. 2. Iron-binding fragments were isolated. They carried one atom of iron/mol (mol.wt. 35000) and consisted of a single polypeptide chain derived from the N-terminal half of the protein. Carbohydrate was not present. 3. The fragments were able to bind a variety of metals and to donate iron to reticulocytes.
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254
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Rudman D, Chawla RK, Del Rio AE, Hollins BM, Hall EC, Conn JM. Orosomucoid content of pleural and peritoneal effusions. J Clin Invest 1974; 54:147-55. [PMID: 4209434 PMCID: PMC301534 DOI: 10.1172/jci107736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
22 nonneoplastic, noninflammatory effusions (cirrhosis and congestive heart failure), 12 non-neoplastic inflammatory effusions (tuberculosis, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and idiopathic pleuropericarditis), and 58 neoplastic effusions (cancer of lung, breast, ovary, and pancreas, and lymphoma) were analyzed by radial immunodiffusion for orosomucoid concentration. The average concentration +/-SE was 35+/-4, 65+/-17, and 130+/-13 mg/100 ml in the three types of effusion, respectively. By gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography, orosomucoid was isolated from 12 nonmalignant and 14 malignant fluids. The orosomucoid preparations reacted as single components in acrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 9.0, and in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis against antisera to human serum and to human plasma orosomucoid. In radial immunodiffusion, the slope of the line relating concentration to the square of the diameter of the precipitate area was identical for orosomucoid isolated from normal human plasma and from nonneoplastic effusions, but was subnormal for orosomucoid isolated from neoplastic fluids. All orosomucoid preparations had normal amino acid composition. Orosomucoid from the nonmalignant effusions had normal carbohydrate content. 11 of 14 samples of orosomucoid isolated from neoplastic fluids had abnormalities in carbohydrate composition, consisting of subnormal content of sialic acid (11 of 14), hexose (10 of 14), and hexosamine (3 of 14), and abnormally high content of hexosamine (4 of 14). Discriminant analysis showed that concentration of orosomucoid distinguished between neoplastic and nonneoplastic noninflammatory effusions more effectively than concentration of total protein, albumin, alpha(1), alpha(2), beta, or gamma-globulin.
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255
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256
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Pollitt RJ, Pretty KM. The glycoasparagines in urine of a patient with aspartylglycosaminuria. Biochem J 1974; 141:141-6. [PMID: 4455197 PMCID: PMC1168059 DOI: 10.1042/bj1410141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The isolation and analysis of 2-acetamido-N-(4'-l-aspartyl)-2-deoxy-beta-d- glucopyranosylamine and 13 higher-molecular-weight derivatives from the urine of a patient with aspartylglycosaminuria is described. Some structural information is presented for nine of these compounds.
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257
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Gregoriadis G, Putman D, Louis L, Neerunjun D. Comparative effect and fate of non-entrapped and liposome-entrapped neuraminidase injected into rats. Biochem J 1974; 140:323-30. [PMID: 4375965 PMCID: PMC1168003 DOI: 10.1042/bj1400323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-entrapped and liposome-entrapped Clostridium perfringens neuraminidase (0.5-0.6 unit) was injected into rats and its fate as well as its effect on plasma and erythrocyte N-acetylneuraminic acid was investigated. The following observations were made. (1) Although removal of both non-entrapped and liposome-entrapped neuraminidase from the circulation was completed within 5h after injection, their recovery in tissues was distinctly different; 7-10% of the injected non-entrapped enzyme was found in the liver and none in the liver lysosomal fraction or the spleen. In contrast, 20-26% of the liposome-entrapped enzyme was found in the liver of which 60-69% was in the lysosomal fraction. Spleen contained 3.6-5.0% of the enzyme. (2) The presence of the non-entrapped neuraminidase in blood led to the extensive desialylation of plasma and to a decrease in the concentration or total removal from the circulation of some of the plasma glycoproteins. (3) Injection of non-entrapped neuraminidase also led to the partial desialylation of erythrocytes the life span of which was diminished and their uptake by the liver and spleen augmented. (4) Entrapment of neuraminidase in liposomes before its injection prevented the enzyme from acting on its substrate in plasma or on the erythrocyte surface, and values obtained for plasma glycoproteins and erythrocyte survival were similar to those observed in control rats. (5) Entrapment in liposomes of therapeutic hydrolases intended for the degradation of substances stored within the tissue lysosomes of patients with storage diseases could prevent the potentially hazardous enzymic action of hydrolases in blood and at the same time direct the enzymes to the intracellular sites where they are needed.
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258
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Landau W. Human colostral whey M-1 glycoproteins and their L. bifidus var. Penn. growth promoting activities. Life Sci 1974; 14:967-76. [PMID: 4857214 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(74)90086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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259
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Wong KC, Kornel L, Bezkorovainy A, Murphy BE. Isolation of cytoplasmic glucocorticoid-binding protein(s) from rat liver by means of affinity chromatography, and its partial characterization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 328:133-44. [PMID: 4357560 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(73)90339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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260
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Nezlin RS, Zagyansky YA, Käiväräinen AI, Stefani DV. Properties of myeloma immunoglobulin E(Yu). Chemical, fluorescence polarisation and spin-labeled studies. IMMUNOCHEMISTRY 1973; 10:681-8. [PMID: 4357986 DOI: 10.1016/0019-2791(73)90211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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261
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Beintema JJ, Campagne RN, Gruber M. Rat pancreatic ribonuclease. I. Isolation and properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 310:148-60. [PMID: 4710591 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(73)90019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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262
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263
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Kefalides NA. Structure and biosynthesis of basement membranes. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESEARCH 1973; 6:63-104. [PMID: 4198817 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-363706-2.50008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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264
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Reid KB, Lowe DM, Porter RR. Isolation and characterization of C1q, a subcomponent of the first component of complement, from human and rabbit sera. Biochem J 1972; 130:749-63. [PMID: 4352715 PMCID: PMC1174513 DOI: 10.1042/bj1300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. C1q, a subcomponent of the first component of complement, has been isolated, in a haemolytically active and soluble form, by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration, from human and rabbit sera. Yields ranged from 10 to 25mg/litre of serum and the activity of final preparations was consistently in the range 5x10(3)-15x10(3) C1qH(50) units/mg. 2. The molecular weights of human and rabbit subcomponent C1q were 409600 and 417600, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium studies. 3. Subcomponent C1q from both species was shown to be composed of non-covalently linked subunits of approximately 57000 molecular weight as determined by gel-filtration or sedimentation equilibrium studies in 5.3m-guanidinium chloride. Reduction or oxidation of human and rabbit subcomponent C1q yielded three chains each having a molecular weight of approximately 23000 and which differed slightly in amino acid composition but markedly in carbohydrate content. The oxidized chains were separated, on a preparative scale, by ion-exchange chromatography in 8m-urea on DEAE-cellulose. 4. Both human and rabbit subcomponent C1q contained hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, a high percentage of glycine and approximately 8% carbohydrate. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were the free N-terminal amino acids of human subcomponent C1q whereas only serine was found in rabbit subcomponent C1q. 5. Collagenase digestion of human or rabbit subcomponent C1q caused a rapid loss of haemolytic activity which correlated with the breakdown of collagenous regions in the molecule.
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265
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Ingram LO, Van Baalen C, Fisher WD. Cell division mutations in the blue-green bacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum strain BG1: a comparison of the cell wall. J Bacteriol 1972; 111:614-21. [PMID: 4559740 PMCID: PMC251325 DOI: 10.1128/jb.111.2.614-621.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The peptidoglycan from two types of filamentous cell division mutants of Agmenellum quadruplicatum strain BG1 has been compared to that of the parent organism. Small variations in the total peptidoglycan composition on a dry-weight basis were found in the mutants. The reduced level of peptidoglycan in the serpentine mutant is consistent with a general decrease in the ratio of surface area to volume as compared to the parent organism. The increased peptidoglycan content in the septate mutant confirms previous ultrastructural observations of the greatly enlarged peptidoglycan septum between adjacent cells. A comparison of peptidoglycan composition and cross-linking in the two types of filamentous mutants of A. quadruplicatum and in drug-induced phenocopies suggests that structural alterations of the peptidoglycan are not involved in the apparent impairments of cellular division. Furthermore, data concerning the relative susceptibilities of the parent and mutants to antibiotics indicate that neither mutant exhibits a gross alteration of permeability.
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266
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267
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Schams D, Papkoff H. Chemical and immunochemical studies on pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 263:139-48. [PMID: 4622386 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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268
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Beale D, Buttress N. Structural studies on bovine immunoglobulin M. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 257:372-83. [PMID: 4623340 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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269
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Veis A, Spector AR, Zamoscianyk H. The isolation of an EDTA-soluble phosphoprotein from mineralizing bovine dentin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 257:404-13. [PMID: 4623341 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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270
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271
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Landefeld TD, Grimek HJ, McShan WH. End group and carbohydrate analyses of equine LH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 46:463-9. [PMID: 5057887 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(72)80161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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272
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Aho K, Isomaki H, Jarnfelt M, Laine V, Martio J, Sievers K, Soini E. Diagnostic and activity criteria of rheumatoid arthritis evaluated with factor analysis. Scand J Rheumatol 1972; 1:101-8. [PMID: 4667925 DOI: 10.3109/03009747209103006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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273
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Schaub MC, Perry SV, Häcker W. The regulatory proteins of the myofibril. Characterization and biological activity of the calcium-sensitizing factor (troponin A). Biochem J 1972; 126:237-49. [PMID: 4263033 PMCID: PMC1178370 DOI: 10.1042/bj1260237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. Electrophoretically homogeneous calcium-sensitizing factor was prepared from the troponin complex by chromatography successively on sulphoethyl-Sephadex and on diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl)aminoethyl-Sephadex in 6m-urea. It is a protein containing 53% of polar amino acids, of which a net excess consists of acidic residues. 2. On gel filtration the calcium-sensitizing factor was shown to be the only myofibrillar protein that bound (45)Ca(2+) tightly in the presence of 2-6m-urea. 3. Calcium-sensitizing factor effectively neutralized the effect of the inhibitory factor on the ATPase activities of actomyosin systems. Tropomyosin was essential for the regulation, by changes in the Ca(2+) concentration, of the neutralizing effect of calcium-sensitizing factor on the inhibitory factor. 4. Prolonged exposure to chelators of Ca(2+) produced an irreversibly modified form of calcium-sensitizing factor of higher electrophoretic mobility at pH8.6. The modified form neutralized the inhibitory factor action but this property could no longer be controlled by the Ca(2+) concentration in the presence of tropomysin. 5. The calcium-sensitizing factor and tropomyosin could be replaced by their carboxymethylated derivatives in the relaxing-protein system.
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274
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Hough L, Jones JV, Wusteman P. On the automated analysis of neutral monosaccharides in glycoproteins and polysaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1972; 21:9-17. [PMID: 5044142 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)81725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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275
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Roberts RM, Connor AB, Cetorelli JJ. The formation of glycoproteins in tissues of higher plants. Specific labelling with D-(1- 14 C)glucosamine. Biochem J 1971; 125:999-1008. [PMID: 5144270 PMCID: PMC1178262 DOI: 10.1042/bj1250999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
1. Radioactivity from d-[l-(14)C]glucosamine is incorporated into ethanol-insoluble compounds of high molecular weight in a number of plant tissues, including roots of corn (Zea mays), callus cells of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), axenic cultures of duckweed (Lemna minor) and germinating seedlings of corn, broad bean (Vicia faba) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). 2. Except in the case of Lemna, where some of the radioactivity was recovered in glucose, hydrolysis of these ethanol-insoluble materials with acid released [(14)C]glucosamine as the major radioactive product. 3. The labelled compounds isolated from Zea roots and the Acer cells are believed to be glycoproteins rather than polysaccharides on the basis of their solubility properties, their charge characteristics and their susceptibility to hydrolysis by 0.5m-potassium hydroxide and by the proteases trypsin and Pronase. Further, radioactive peptides were isolated and purified after Pronase treatment and shown to contain glucosamine as well as a number of amino acids. 4. The experiments therefore indicate that d-[(14)C]glucosamine can be used as a specific precursor of the amino sugar units of plant as well as animal glycoproteins.
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276
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Carmichael DK, Veis A, Wang ET. Dentin matrix collagen: evidence for a covalently linked phosphoprotein attachment. CALCIFIED TISSUE RESEARCH 1971; 7:331-44. [PMID: 5098258 DOI: 10.1007/bf02062622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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277
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Grimek HJ, Nuti LC, McShan WH. Carbohydrate and end group analyses of ovine FSH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 45:879-86. [PMID: 5165703 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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278
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Redshaw MR, Follett BK. The crystalline yolk-platelet proteins and their soluble plasma precursor in an amphibian, Xenopus laevis. Biochem J 1971; 124:759-66. [PMID: 5131731 PMCID: PMC1177252 DOI: 10.1042/bj1240759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A single lipophosphoprotein complex, vitellogenin, was isolated and purified from the plasma of oestrogen-stimulated female toads by preparative ultracentrifugation and chromatography on TEAE-cellulose (triethylaminoethylcellulose). The protein contains 12% lipid, 1.5% phosphorus, 1.6% calcium and smaller amounts of carbohydrates and biliverdin. In amino acid composition it is identical with total yolk-platelet protein. The platelet protein, however, is fractionated on TEAE-cellulose into two components, a high-molecular-weight lipovitellin and a smaller phosvitin. Analyses of the soluble plasma vitellogenin suggest that it is a complex of two phosvitin molecules covalently bound to one lipovitellin dimer, and that it is the immediate precursor of the yolk proteins, into which it is converted by a molecular rearrangement. Uptake of vitellogenin from the plasma into the growing oocyte, and its subsequent crystallization as a yolk platelet, appear to be enhanced by gonadotrophic hormones.
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279
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Fraker PJ, Kaplan S. Isolation and fractionation of the photosynthetic membranous organelles from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. J Bacteriol 1971; 108:465-73. [PMID: 4107812 PMCID: PMC247087 DOI: 10.1128/jb.108.1.465-473.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular sieve chromatography and sucrose gradient centrifugation were used to prepare large quantities of purified chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. Electron micrographs of these chromatophores revealed that the final preparations were very homogeneous and free of non-chromatophore particulate material. As an additional check on purity, (14)C-l-phenylalanine-labeled aerobic cells, devoid of chromatophores, were mixed with unlabeled photosynthetic cells. The resulting preparation contained less than 1% of the radioactivity, originally located in non-chromatophore protein. The purified chromatophores were solubilized in 2-chloroethanol and separated into two fractions. Fraction P(1) contained 3 to 5% of the total chromatophore protein and could be resolved into 10 electrophoretic components. The second fraction, P(II), contained five electrophoretic components. One of these components had associated with it all of the pigment and phospholipid present in P(II). Preliminary immunochemical studies on these fractions are also reported.
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280
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Ibáñez N, Candiotti A, Monis B. Subcellular distribution of carbohydrates in transitional epithelium of urinary system. LIFE SCIENCES. PT. 2: BIOCHEMISTRY, GENERAL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1971; 10:989-96. [PMID: 4328137 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(71)90102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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281
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Abstract
1. A procedure for the isolation of the protein calliphorin from larvae and pupae of the blowfly Calliphora erythrocephala is described. 2. The calliphorin preparation shows a single component in the ultracentrifuge at pH6.3 and gives a single band when stained for protein after agar-gel or starch-gel electrophoresis at pH6.3 or 8.6. Immunoelectrophoresis yields only one arc, associated with the stained spot, to a rabbit antiserum known to react with 13 other soluble components of Calliphora pupae. 3. Calliphorin has s(0) (20,w) 19.4S, D(0) (20,w) 3.25x10(-7)cm(2).s(-1) and f/f(0) 1.22, indicating a molecular weight of 528000 and a compact symmetrical structure. The molecular weight determined by the meniscus-depletion sedimentation-equilibrium method is 529000. 4. In 6.2m-guanidine hydrochloride calliphorin dissociates into six components each with a molecular weight of about 87000. Calliphorin reversibly dissociates into components with sedimentation coefficients of about 7S as the pH is raised progressively above pH6.5. 5. Calliphorin has an unusually high tyrosine and phenylalanine content (442 and 400mol/mol of protein respectively), a relatively high methionine content (162mol/mol of protein) and very little cystine or cysteine (18mol/mol of protein). The E(280)/E(250) ratio is 3.2. The pure protein contains 0.4-0.5% carbohydrate. 6. When examined in the electron microscope by the negative staining technique the protein is seen to consist of particles which are right prisms, being 105A wide and 65A high, rectangular in side view and curvilinear equilateral triangles in surface view.
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282
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Nichols CW, Gan JC, Murthy PV, Chaikoff IL. Mucosubstances in the chicken aorta. 2. Changes induced by diethylstilbestrol implants or cholesterol feeding. Atherosclerosis 1971; 14:39-51. [PMID: 4257052 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(71)90037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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283
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Frommel D, Litman GW, Chartrand SL, Seal US, Good RA. Carbohydrate composition in the evolution of the immunoglobulins. IMMUNOCHEMISTRY 1971; 8:573-7. [PMID: 4104187 DOI: 10.1016/0019-2791(71)90411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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284
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Marr AM, Neuberger A, Ratcliffe WA. Rabbit Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein. Chemical composition and subunit structure. Biochem J 1971; 122:623-31. [PMID: 5129252 PMCID: PMC1176829 DOI: 10.1042/bj1220623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein from rabbit urine has been isolated and characterized. The homogeneity of the preparation has been established by a variety of procedures including disc gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation in aqueous solution, sodium dodecyl sulphate and formic acid. 2. The chemical composition has been determined and a carbohydrate content of approx. 31% was obtained. The relative contents of the amino acids were shown to be very similar to those in human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. A trace of lipid was also detected. 3. Leucine was identified as the only N-terminal amino acid. 4. The subunit structure was investigated in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate by gel filtration and disc gel electrophoresis. These studies indicated that the subunit possessed a molecular weight of approx. 84000+/-6000. A similar value was obtained after reduction and S-alkylation of the glycoprotein indicating that the disulphide bonds were all intrachain. 5. A minimum value for the chemical molecular weight of 85000+/-6000 was obtained from the number of N-terminal amino acids released by cyanogen bromide cleavage of the glycoprotein. 6. The immunological properties of the glycoprotein were studied. Cross reactivity was demonstrated between human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and a guinea-pig anti-rabbit Tamm-Horsfall antiserum.
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285
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Woodside E, Doyle R, Trott G. Polysaccharide-polyelectrolyte complexes in organic solvent systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9797(71)90237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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286
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Miller EJ. Isolation and characterization of a collagen from chick cartilage containing three identical alpha chains. Biochemistry 1971; 10:1652-9. [PMID: 4325605 DOI: 10.1021/bi00785a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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287
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Korhonen LK, Mäkelä V. Carbohydrate-rich compounds in the colonic mucosa of man. 3. A preliminary report of some biochemical characteristics of the carbohydrate-rich components in normal colonic mucosa. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1971; 3:101-6. [PMID: 4329283 DOI: 10.1007/bf01003055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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288
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Ansari AQ, Dolphin PJ, Lazier CB, Munday KA, Akhtar M. Chemical composition of an oestrogen-induced calcium-binding glycolipophosphoprotein in Xenopus laevis. Biochem J 1971; 122:107-13. [PMID: 5124778 PMCID: PMC1176693 DOI: 10.1042/bj1220107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1. Oestrogen treatment has previously been shown to induce the formation of large amounts of a serum protein, vitellogenin (xenoprotein), in Xenopus laevis. Vitellogenin was purified from serum by dimethylformamide precipitation and was shown to be homogeneous by a variety of electrophoretic techniques. 2. The molecular weight of vitellogenin was estimated by gel filtration to be about 6x10(5). The chemical constituents of vitellogenin were determined and lead to the characterization of this protein as a serum calcium-binding glycolipophosphoprotein. 3. The extractable lipid accounted for 12% of vitellogenin. Gas-liquid-chromatographic analysis of the saponified lipid moiety showed the presence of palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid in the molecular proportions 6.8: 1.5: 1.0: 3.6: 1.4. 4. The carbohydrate moiety consisted of 0.4g of hexose, 0.77g of hexosamine and 0.18g of sialic acid/100g of vitellogenin. 5. The calcium and phosphorus contents were 0.85 and 1.65g/100g of vitellogenin respectively. 6. Serum from oestrogen-treated animals injected with (45)CaCl(2) contained 9.7 times the radioactivity present in serum from untreated (45)CaCl(2)-injected animals. Of the radioactivity due to (45)CaCl(2) in the serum of oestrogen-treated animals 72% was non-diffusible on dialysis. Of this activity 65.4% was associated with the vitellogenin band on cellulose acetate electrophoresis.
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289
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Schrager J, Oates MD. The isolation and partial characterization of the principal glycoprotein from human mixed saliva. Arch Oral Biol 1971; 16:287-303. [PMID: 5280433 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(71)90022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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290
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Porath J, Janson JC, L««s T. Agar derivatives for chromatography, electrophoresis and gel-bound enzymes. J Chromatogr A 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)95547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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291
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Dijk J, Brouwer M, Coert A, Gruber M. Structure and function of hemocyanins. VII. The smallest subunit of alpha- and beta-hemocyanin of Helix pomatia: size, composition, N- and C-terminal amino acids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 221:467-79. [PMID: 5499430 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90217-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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292
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293
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Hoogeveen JT, Juliano R, Coleman J, Rothstein A. Water-soluble proteins of the human red cell membrane. J Membr Biol 1970; 3:156-72. [PMID: 24174191 DOI: 10.1007/bf01868013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/1970] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Procedures were developed for preparation of red cell membranes almost free of hemoglobin but with minimal loss of membrane proteins. Two water-soluble protein fractions are described, each constituting about 25% of the ghost protein. The first is ionically bonded and can be solubilized in water rapidly at pH 7.0 and more slowly at higher ionic strength solutions, with a minimal rate at 20MM. This fraction contains four major components with molecular weights ranging from 30,000 to 48,000. The second fraction can only be solubilized at an appreciable rate if Ca(++) is absent and at higher pH (9.0). It is predominantly a single molecular weight component (150,000). It tends to aggregate at higher ionic strength and in the presence of Ca(++). Evidence is presented suggesting that the water-soluble proteins are present at the inner face of the membrane. The lipids remain in a water-insoluble residue that contains four major protein components ranging in molecular weight from 30,000 to 100,000. The latter is the predominant component. Only the residue contains the Na(+)-K(+)-activated ATPase, the cholinesterase, antigenic activity and most of the sialic acid and carbohydrate. The first water-soluble fraction contains a Mg(++)-activated ATPase. The extraction of the water-soluble proteins is accompanied by anatomical changes resulting finally in the formation of small membranous vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Hoogeveen
- Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 14620, Rochester, New York
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294
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Witt I, Müller H. Phosphorus and hexose content of human foetal fibrinogen. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 221:402-4. [PMID: 5490244 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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295
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Sherwood OD, Grimek HJ, McShan WH. Purification of luteinizing hormone from sheep pituitary glands and evidence for several physicochemically distinguishable active components. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 221:87-106. [PMID: 4990745 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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296
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Brackenridge CJ. The fractionation of some plasma constituents by exclusion chromatography, with application to neuropsychiatric disorders. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1970; 4:97-109. [PMID: 4257449 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(70)90087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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297
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Fletcher AP, McLaughlin JE, Ratcliffe WA, Woods DA. The chemical composition and electron microscopic appearance of a protein derived from urinary casts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 214:299-308. [PMID: 4993505 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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298
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Farrell HM, Buss E, Clagett C. The nature of the biochemical lesion in avian renal riboflavinuria, IV. Comparison of the riboflavin-binding protein from homozygous (RdRd) and heterozygous (Rdrd) white leghorn albumen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(70)90088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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299
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Papkoff H, Gan J. Bovine interstitial cell-stimulating hormone: purification and properties. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 136:522-8. [PMID: 5435441 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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300
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Frommel D, Hong R. Studies on human immunoglobulin G Fc sub-fragments. Structural requirements for biological expression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 200:113-24. [PMID: 4983326 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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