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Pinto DO, DeMarino C, Vo TT, Cowen M, Kim Y, Pleet ML, Barclay RA, Noren Hooten N, Evans MK, Heredia A, Batrakova EV, Iordanskiy S, Kashanchi F. Low-Level Ionizing Radiation Induces Selective Killing of HIV-1-Infected Cells with Reversal of Cytokine Induction Using mTOR Inhibitors. Viruses 2020; 12:E885. [PMID: 32823598 PMCID: PMC7472203 DOI: 10.3390/v12080885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infects 39.5 million people worldwide, and cART is effective in preventing viral spread by reducing HIV-1 plasma viral loads to undetectable levels. However, viral reservoirs persist by mechanisms, including the inhibition of autophagy by HIV-1 proteins (i.e., Nef and Tat). HIV-1 reservoirs can be targeted by the "shock and kill" strategy, which utilizes latency-reversing agents (LRAs) to activate latent proviruses and immunotarget the virus-producing cells. Yet, limitations include reduced LRA permeability across anatomical barriers and immune hyper-activation. Ionizing radiation (IR) induces effective viral activation across anatomical barriers. Like other LRAs, IR may cause inflammation and modulate the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We and others have shown that cells may secrete cytokines and viral proteins in EVs and, therefore, LRAs may contribute to inflammatory EVs. In the present study, we mitigated the effects of IR-induced inflammatory EVs (i.e., TNF-α), through the use of mTOR inhibitors (mTORi; Rapamycin and INK128). Further, mTORi were found to enhance the selective killing of HIV-1-infected myeloid and T-cell reservoirs at the exclusion of uninfected cells, potentially via inhibition of viral transcription/translation and induction of autophagy. Collectively, the proposed regimen using cART, IR, and mTORi presents a novel approach allowing for the targeting of viral reservoirs, prevention of immune hyper-activation, and selectively killing latently infected HIV-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O. Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Catherine DeMarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Thy T. Vo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Maria Cowen
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Yuriy Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Michelle L. Pleet
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Robert A. Barclay
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Alonso Heredia
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Elena V. Batrakova
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Sergey Iordanskiy
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (D.O.P.); (C.D.); (T.T.V.); (M.C.); (Y.K.); (M.L.P.); (R.A.B.)
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Diao W, Guo Q, Zhu C, Song Y, Feng H, Cao Y, Du M, Chen H. USP18 promotes cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in cervical cancer cells via activating AKT signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:741. [PMID: 32770981 PMCID: PMC7414560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The deubiquitinating (DUB) enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18), also known as UBP43, is an ubiquitin-specific protease linked to several human malignancies. However, USP18’s underlying function in human cervical cancer remains unclear. In the current study, we aimed to analyse the role of USP18 and its signalling pathways in cervical cancer. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were performed to analyse USP18 levels in cervical cancer and matched to adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, RNA interference (RNAi) and lentiviral-mediated vector transfections were performed to silence and overexpress USP18, respectively, in cervical cancer cells. Further, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V/PI staining assays were used to assess its biological function in cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. A xenograft model was used to examine USP18’s function in vivo. Results The present findings demonstrated that USP18 was overexpressed in cervical cancer specimens and cell lines. Silencing USP18 in SiHa and Caski cervical cancer cell lines inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and promoted cleaved caspase-3 expression. In contrast, USP18 overexpression showed the opposite effects in human HcerEpic cells. A Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that USP18 was enriched in the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in cervical cancer. Hence, the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 was used to determine the relationship between USP18 and AKT in cervical cancer cells. Importantly, LY294002 significantly abolished the effects of USP18 overexpression in cervical cancer cells. In vivo, USP18 silencing inhibited human cervical cancer cells’ tumorigenicity. Conclusions The current study indicates that USP18 is an oncogenic gene in cervical cancer. Our findings not only deepened the understanding of USP18’s biological function in cervical cancer pathogenesis, but we also provided novel insight for cervical cancer therapy. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Diao
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Qisang Guo
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Caiying Zhu
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yu Song
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hua Feng
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yuankui Cao
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming Du
- Medical Center of Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Fangxie Road No. 419, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Huifen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Changle Road No.536 , Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.
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Guo Z, Sun Q, Liao Y, Liu C, Zhao W, Li X, Liu H, Dong M, Shang Y, Sui L, Kong Y. MiR-30a-5p inhibits proliferation and metastasis of hydatidiform mole by regulating B3GNT5 through ERK/AKT pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8350-8362. [PMID: 32575164 PMCID: PMC7412694 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidiform moles are gestational trophoblastic disease. They are abnormal proliferations of trophoblast cells that have the potential to become cancerous. miR-miR30a-5p is a tumour suppressor that participates in the development of numerous diseases. However, the role of miR-30a in hydatidiform moles and the mechanisms underlying its effects are presently unclear. This study explored the levels of miR-30a and B3GNT5 expression in human hydatidiform mole tissue. The results showed that miR-30a and B3GNT5 were differentially expressed in normal placenta and hydatidiform mole, and miR-30a decreased cell proliferation, invasion and migration in trophoblast cell lines. Upon further examination, it was confirmed that miR-30a directly targeted the 3'untranslated region of B3GNT5 using a dual-luciferase assay. The results of the present study also revealed that miR-30a reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration ability in JAR and BeWo cells by regulating B3GNT5, which may inactivate the ERK and AKT signalling pathways. This study demonstrated that miR-30a was a novel target B3GNT5 that serves an important role in the development of hydatidiform moles, suggesting that miR-30a may serve as a novel potential biomarker or useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for hydatidiform moles in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Guo
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yangyou Liao
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chao Liu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Huan Liu
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ming Dong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yuhong Shang
- Department of GynecologyFirst Affiliated HospitalDalian Med UniversityDalianChina
| | - Linlin Sui
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ying Kong
- Core Lab Glycobiol & GlycoengnCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Miltirone induces cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cell through GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1397-1413. [PMID: 32963939 PMCID: PMC7488361 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death, and recently described as a new molecular mechanism of chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of tumors. Miltirone, a derivative of phenanthrene-quinone isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been shown to possess anti-cancer activities. Here, we found that miltirone inhibited the cell viability of either HepG2 or Hepa1-6 cells, and induced the proteolytic cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME) in each hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, with concomitant cleavage of caspase 3. Knocking out GSDME switched miltirone-induced cell death from pyroptosis to apoptosis. Additionally, the induction effects of miltirone on GSDME-dependent pyroptosis were attenuated by siRNA-mediated caspase three silencing and the specific caspase three inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK, respectively. Miltirone effectively elicited intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppressed phosphorylation of mitogen-activated and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) for pyroptosis induction. Moreover, miltirone significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced pyroptosis in the Hepa1-6 mouse HCC syngeneic model. These results provide a new insight that miltirone is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC via GSDME-dependent pyroptosis.
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Key Words
- 7-AAD, 7-aminoactinomycin D
- AKT, AKT serine/threonine kinase, also known as protein kinase B
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- BAX, BCL2-associated X
- CCK-8, cell counting kit-8
- CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
- Cas9, caspase 9
- Cell death
- DCFH-DA, dye 2,7-dichlorofluoresce diacetate
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence
- ERK1/2, extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GSDMD, gasdermin D
- GSDME
- GSDME, gasdermin E
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- HepG2
- Hepa1-6
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- IC50, the half maximal inhibitory concentration
- IgG (H + L), immunoglobulin G (heavy chain + light chain)
- KO, knockout
- LDH, lactic dehydrogenase
- MEK, mitogen-activated and extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- MEM, minimum essential medium
- MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential
- MS, mass spectrum
- Miltirone
- N-GSDME, N-terminal GSDME
- NAC, N-acetyl cysteine
- NC, negative control
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- NS, no significance
- PARP, poly ADP-ribose polymerase
- PBS, phosphate-based buffer
- PI, propidium iodide
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- Pyroptosis
- RIPA, radioimmunoprecipitation assay
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SD, standard deviation
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- TBST, Tris-buffered saline with Tween solution
- TCGA, the Cancer Genome Atlas
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- gRNA, guide RNA
- i.p., intraperitoneal
- i.v., intravenous
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- p-AKT, phosphorylated-AKT
- p-ERK1/2, phosphorylated-ERK1/2
- p-MEK, phosphorylated-MEK
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Dong Y, Zhu J, Zhang M, Ge S, Zhao L. Probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius Ren prevent dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer through protein kinase B inhibition. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7377-7389. [PMID: 32666185 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are known to be a potential agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) inhibition, but the precise mechanisms by which probiotic exert anti-tumorigenic effects remain to be explored. Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) Ren was isolated from centenarians living in Bama of China, which showed an anticancer potent in animal model of oral cancer. Here, we investigated the effect of LS on colorectal carcinogenesis and its putative mechanism. Oral administration of LS effectively suppressed the formation of dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced CRC in both initial and post-initial stages. Significant antiproliferation and proapoptotic effects were observed with inhibition of tumor formation by dietary intake of LS. Besides, LS metabolites inhibited growth, arrested cell cycle, and induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells. Furthermore, upon the treatment of LS, protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and the downstream proteins of cyclinD1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were significantly downregulated in both in vivo and in vitro tests. These results showed that LS inhibited the colorectal carcinogenesis through suppressing AKT signaling pathway, resulting in suppressing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Our findings suggest that this probiotic may act as a prophylactic agent for CRC prevention. Key points • LS effectively prevented rat colorectal carcinogenesis induced by DMH. • LS modulated the proliferation and apoptosis in both in vivo and in vitro. • LS inhibited AKT phosphorylation and expressions of downstream cyclinD1 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Dong
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China. .,Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Shaoyang Ge
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Lin WW, Ou GY, Lin JZ, Yi SJ, Yao WC, Pan HC, Zhao WJ. Neuregulin 1 enhances cell adhesion molecule L1 like expression levels and promotes malignancy in human glioma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:326-336. [PMID: 32565959 PMCID: PMC7285836 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural cell adhesion molecular L1-like protein (CHL1) is a member of the cell adhesion molecule L1 family and serves an important role in the development and progression of tumors. The cytokine neuregulin 1 (NRG1) has been indicated in the tumorigenesis and promotion of metastasis through the modulation of L1. However, the roles of NRG1 in regulating CHL1 in glioma have not been elucidated. The present study investigated the protein expression levels and roles of CHL1 and the possible correlation between NRG1 and CHL1 protein expression levels in human gliomas, both in vivo and in vitro. Using immunohistochemistry coupled with a human glioma tissue microarray, it was demonstrated that the percentage of CHL1-positive areas was the highest in grade II glioma tissues. Using immunofluorescence staining, a positive correlation was identified between the expression levels of CHL1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. In addition, CHL1 downregulation also resulted in increased senescence of U-87 MG human glioblastoma cells. In vitro, administration of NRG1α induced a significant increase in CHL1 protein expression levels in human glioma SHG-44 and U251 cells and in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells, whereas NRG1β failed to increase CHL1 expression levels in U251 cells. These findings were further confirmed by the downregulation of NRG1 expression levels using small interfering RNA treatment, which resulted in the reduction of CHL1 protein expression levels in U-87 MG cells. These data indicate that NRG1 can regulate CHL1 protein expression levels in gliomas, that it is correlated with malignancy, and that NRG1 may contribute to malignancy by upregulating CHL1 protein expression levels in glioma/glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Lin
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Yong Ou
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Zhe Lin
- Neurosurgical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - San-Jun Yi
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yao
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Chao Pan
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Cell Biology Department, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Wei-Jiang Zhao, Cell Biology Department, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Dadao Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Li B, Lv L, Li W. 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 inhibits the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and regulates proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Steroids 2020; 159:108585. [PMID: 31982425 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] on the proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and to investigate its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line TPC-1 was cultured, and the cells were divided into control group, the 1,25-(OH)2D3 group, and the 1,25-(OH)2D3 + ML-098 (Ras agonist) group. Cell proliferation was observed by MTT. The colony formation viability of cells was detected by the plate cloning assay. Cell migration was observed by the scratch assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Ki67 and Caspase-3, and the activity of Ras-MEK-ERK pathway were detected by western blot. RESULTS Compared with the Control group, the proliferation, colony formation and migration ability of cells in the drug group were significantly decreased. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased, the expression of Ki67 protein was decreased, and the expression of Caspase-3 protein was upregulated. The phosphorylation levels of Ras, p-ERK1/2, and p-MEK were decreased. Compared with the drug group, the cloning and migration biological activity of cells in the 1,25-(OH)2D3 + ML-098 group was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells was decreased, while the Ki67 protein level was increased. In addition, the Caspase-3 protein level was decreased, and the Ras-MEK-ERK level was also enhanced. Furthermore, the antitumor activity of 1,25-(OH)2D3 was reversed by the Ras agonist ML-098. CONCLUSION 1,25-(OH)2D3 can inhibit the activity and promote apoptosis of the papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line TPC-1, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway activity, thus affecting the proliferation and expression of apoptosis-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyuan Li
- Department of Thyroid, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Liping Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Weilong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China.
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Eftekhari S, Montazeri H, Tarighi P. Synergistic anti-tumor effects of Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, along with Docetaxel on LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 878:173102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Meng L, Zhao Y, Bu W, Li X, Liu X, Zhou D, Chen Y, Zheng S, Lin Q, Liu Q, Sun H. Bone mesenchymal stem cells are recruited via CXCL8-CXCR2 and promote EMT through TGF-β signal pathways in oral squamous carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12859. [PMID: 32588946 PMCID: PMC7445409 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play critical roles in tumour microenvironment. However, molecular mechanisms of how BMSCs to be recruited and effect subsequent tumour progression are poorly understood in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The distribution of CXCL8 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in OSCC tissues. The chemotaxis of conditioned media from different epithelial cells to BMSCs was examined by trans-well assay. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and ELISA were used to detect the expression of related cytokines and chemokine receptors. The migration of BMSCs was observed in BALB/c nude mice. The roles of BMSCs in proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC were detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry and trans-well assay. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers were analysed by qPCR and Western blot in vitro, and growth was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice using subcutaneously implanted OSCC in nude mouse model in vivo. RESULTS Using OSCC, we show CXCL8, secreted by OSCC, binds to exclusively CXCR2 in BMSCs to facilitate migration of BMSCs to OSCC. TGF-β secreted by BMSCs subsequently induces EMT of OSCC to promote their proliferation, migration and infiltration. We also showed that the Ras/Raf/Erk axis plays a critical role in tumour progression. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the molecular basis for BMSC recruitment into tumours, and how this process leads to tumour progression and leads us to develop a novel OSCC treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Meng
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yueqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhuan Bu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinchen Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dabo Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shize Zheng
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Quan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qilin Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Huo YH, Wang YN, Meng LB, Zhang AL, Liu B. Progress in the correlation between PTPN12 gene expression and human tumors. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20445. [PMID: 32541467 PMCID: PMC7302617 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global morbidity of cancer is rising rapidly. Despite advances in molecular biology, immunology, and cytotoxic and immune-anticancer therapies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12) is a new member of the cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase family, isolated from a cDNA library of adult colon tissue. Thus far, no studies have reviewed the correlation between PTPN12 gene expression and human tumors. METHODS This article summarizes the latest domestic and international research developments on how the expression of PTPN12 relates to human tumors. The extensive search in Web of Science and PubMed with the keywords including PTPN12, tumor, renal cell carcinoma, proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes was undertaken. RESULTS More and more studies have shown that a tumor is essentially a genetic disease, arising from a broken antagonistic function between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. When their antagonistic effect is out of balance, it may cause uncontrolled growth of cells and lead to the occurrence of tumors. PTPN12 is a tumor suppressor gene, so inhibiting its activity will lead directly or indirectly to the occurrence of tumors. CONCLUSION The etiology, prevention, and treatment of tumors have become the focus of research around the world. PTPN12 is a tumor suppressor gene. In the future, PTPN12 might serve as a novel molecular marker to benefit patients, and even the development of tumor suppressor gene activation agents can form a practical research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-hu Huo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Ya-ni Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Ling-bing Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Ai-li Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The fourth hospital of Hebei medical university, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The fourth hospital of Hebei medical university, P. R. China
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261
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Hsu YH, Wang PH, Chang CM. Functional Gene Clusters in Global Pathogenesis of Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary Discovered by Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113951. [PMID: 32498447 PMCID: PMC7312065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary (ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC)) is one epithelial ovarian carcinoma that is known to have a poor prognosis and a tendency for being refractory to treatment due to unclear pathogenesis. Published investigations of OCCC have mainly focused only on individual genes and lack of systematic integrated research to analyze the pathogenesis of OCCC in a genome-wide perspective. Thus, we conducted an integrated analysis using transcriptome datasets from a public domain database to determine genes that may be implicated in the pathogenesis involved in OCCC carcinogenesis. We used the data obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) DataSets. We found six interactive functional gene clusters in the pathogenesis network of OCCC, including ribosomal protein, eukaryotic translation initiation factors, lactate, prostaglandin, proteasome, and insulin-like growth factor. This finding from our integrated analysis affords us a global understanding of the interactive network of OCCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Han Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 440, Taiwan
- Female Cancer Foundation, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7826; Fax: +886-2-5570-2788
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262
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Wu XX, Yue GGL, Dong JR, Lam CWK, Wong CK, Qiu MH, Lau CBS. Actein Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis in HER2-Positive Breast Tumor Bearing Mice via Suppressing AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MAPK Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2020; 10:854. [PMID: 32547952 PMCID: PMC7269144 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-positive breast cancer accounts for 15–20% in breast cancer and 50% of the metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients died of central nervous system progression. The present study investigated the effects of actein (a natural cycloartane triterpene) on cells adhesion, migration, proliferation and matrix degradation, and its underlying mechanism in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The in vivo effect of actein on tumor growth and metastasis in MDA-MB-361 tumor-bearing mice as well as the anti-brain metastasis in tail vein injection mice model were also investigated. Our results showed that actein inhibited HER2-positive breast cancer cells viability, proliferation and migration. Actein also induced MDA-MB-361 cells G1 phase arrest and inhibited the expressions of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. For intracellular mechanisms, actein inhibited the expressions of molecules in AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, actein (15 mg/kg) was shown to exhibit anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities in MDA-MB-361 breast tumor-bearing mice, and reduced brain metastasis in tail vein injection mice model. All these findings strongly suggested that actein is a potential anti-metastatic agent for HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Wu
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin-Run Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Christopher Wai-Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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263
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Ignatowska J, Mironiuk-Puchalska E, Grześkowiak P, Wińska P, Wielechowska M, Bretner M, Karatsai O, Rędowicz MJ, Koszytkowska-Stawińska M. New insight into nucleo α-amino acids - Synthesis and SAR studies on cytotoxic activity of β-pyrimidine alanines. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103864. [PMID: 32446118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three series of the β-pyrimidine alanines, including willardiine - a naturally occurring amino acid, were prepared from the l-serine-derived sulfamidates. Compounds 3b, 4a and 4b demonstrated antiproliferative activity toward the studied cancer cell lines, albeit the effect of these compounds on human brain astrocytoma MOG-G-CCM cells was more significant than on human neuroblastoma SK-N-AS cells. The cytosine analog of willardiine, compound 4b, reduced viability of MOG-G-CCM cells with EC50 = 36 ± 2 μM, more effectively than AMPA antagonist GYKI 52466. Willardiine showed possible capability of affecting invasiveness of glioblastoma U251 MG cells with no effect on their viability and morphology. Compound 3d, the ethyl ester of willardiine, featured activity toward binding domain hHS1S2I of the GluR2 receptor. Docking analysis revealed that the location mode of compound 3d at the S1S2 domain of hGluR2 (PDB ID: 3R7X) might differ from that of willardiine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Ignatowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Mironiuk-Puchalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Grześkowiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Wińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Wielechowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Bretner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olena Karatsai
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Jolanta Rędowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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264
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Nie S, Yang G, Lu H. Current Molecular Targeted Agents for Advanced Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4075-4088. [PMID: 32494161 PMCID: PMC7229784 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s246412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of malignant tumor-related mortality worldwide. Traditional cytotoxic agents prolong the overall survival and progression-free survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) compared to that with best supportive care. Due to the occurrence of serious adverse drug reactions that result in discontinued treatment, the survival benefit in AGC remains unsatisfactory. Systemic chemotherapy regimens have changed greatly, especially since the introduction of trastuzumab. Nevertheless, HER2 positivity is present in only approximately 20% of tumors. Due to the genetic heterogeneity and complexity of patients, there are many studies in progress that are exploring novel targeted drugs as an alternative to chemotherapy or adjuvant treatment in early-stage, progressive, and advanced gastric cancer. On the basis of the differences in gene expression profiles among patients, searching for specific and sensitive predictive biomarkers is important for identifying patients who will benefit from a specific targeted drug. With the development of targeted therapies and available chemotherapeutic drugs, there is no doubt that, over time, more patients will achieve better survival outcomes. Recently, immune checkpoint blockade has been well developed as a promising anticancer strategy. This review outlines the currently available information on clinically tested molecular targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors for AGC to provide support for decision-making in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Nie
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoping Yang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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265
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Goldman A. RAP-ALO(N)G and Make Me Smart. Epilepsy Curr 2020; 20:162-164. [PMID: 32550838 PMCID: PMC7281900 DOI: 10.1177/1535759720919467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TSC Patient-Derived Isogenic Neural Progenitor Cells Reveal Altered Early
Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes and Rapamycin-Induced MNK-eIF4E Signaling Martin P, Wagh V, Reis SA, et al. Mol Autism. 2020;11:2.
doi:10.1186/s13229-019-0311-3. eCollection 2020. Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with frequent
occurrence of epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability
(ID), and tumors in multiple organs. The aberrant activation of mTORC1 in TSC has
led to treatment with mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin as a lifelong therapy for tumors,
but TSC-associated neurocognitive manifestations remain unaffected by rapamycin. Methods: Here, we generated patient-specific, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a
patient with TSC with a heterozygous, germline, nonsense mutation in exon 15 of TSC1
and established an isogenic set of heterozygous (Het), null, and corrected wild-type
(Corr-WT) iPSCs using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. We differentiated these
iPSCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and examined neurodevelopmental
phenotypes, signaling, and changes in gene expression by RNA-seq. Results: Differentiated NPCs revealed enlarged cell size in TSC1-Het and Null NPCs,
consistent with mTORC1 activation. TSC1-Het and Null NPCs also revealed enhanced
proliferation and altered neurite outgrowth in a genotype-dependent manner, which
was not reversed by rapamycin. Transcriptome analyses of TSC1-NPCs revealed
differentially expressed genes that display a genotype-dependent linear response,
that is, genes upregulated/downregulated in Het were further increased/decreased in
Null. In particular, genes linked to ASD, epilepsy, and ID were significantly
upregulated or downregulated, warranting further investigation. In TSC1-Het and Null
NPCs, we also observed basal activation of ERK1/2, which was further activated upon
rapamycin treatment. Rapamycin also increased MNK1/2-eIF4E signaling in
TSC1-deficient NPCs. Conclusion: MEK-ERK and MNK-eIF4E pathways regulate protein translation, and our results
suggest that aberrant translation distinct in TSC1/2-deficient NPCs could play a
role in neurodevelopmental defects. Our data showing upregulation of these signaling
pathways by rapamycin support a strategy to combine an MEK or an MNK inhibitor with
rapamycin that may be superior for TSC-associated central nervous system defects.
Importantly, our generation of isogenic sets of NPCs from patients with TSC provides
a valuable platform for translatome and large-scale drug screening studies. Overall,
our studies further support the notion that early developmental events such as NPC
proliferation and initial process formation, such as neurite number and length that
occur prior to neuronal differentiation, represent primary events in neurogenesis
critical to disease pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ASD.
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266
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Xi M, He W, Li B, Zhou J, Xu Z, Wu H, Zhang Y, Song D, Hu L, Lu Y, Bu W, Kong Y, Chen G, Chang S, Shi J, Zhu W. Novel cyclophosphamide of natural products osalmide and pterostilbene induces cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:401-410. [PMID: 32259210 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common category and disease entity of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Osalmide and pterostilbene are natural products with anticancer activities via different mechanism. In this study, using a new synthetic strategy for the two natural products, we obtained the compound DCZ0801, which was previously found to have anti-multiple myeloma activity. We performed both in vitro and in vivo assays to investigate its bioactivity and explore its underlying mechanism against DLBCL cells. The results showed that DCZ0801 treatment gave rise to a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability as determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry assay. Western blot analysis results showed that the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax was increased, while BCL-2 and BCL-XL levels were decreased, which suggested that DCZ0801 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted intrinsic apoptosis. In addition, DCZ0801 induced G0/G1 phase arrest by downregulating the protein expression levels of CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, DCZ0801 exerted an anti-tumor effect by down-regulating the expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT. There also existed a trend that the expression of p-JNK and p-P38 was restrained. Intraperitoneal injection of DCZ0801 suppressed tumor development in xenograft mouse models. The preliminary metabolic study showed that DCZ0801 displayed a rapid metabolism within 30 min. These results demonstrated that DCZ0801 may be a new potential anti-DLBCL agent in DLBCL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Xi
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wan He
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiqun Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongliang Song
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Liangning Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Soochow University Affiliated Taicang Hospital (The First Peoples Hospital of Taicang), Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Wenxuan Bu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Gege Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shuaikang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jumei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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267
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Alza L, Visa A, Herreros J, Cantí C. The rise of T-type channels in melanoma progression and chemotherapeutic resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188364. [PMID: 32275934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway is prevalent in melanoma, principally due to mutations in the BRAF and NRAS genes. MAPK inhibitors are effective only short-term, and recurrence occurs due to functional redundancies or intertwined pathways. The remodeling of Ca2+ signaling is also common in melanoma cells, partly through the increased expression of T-type channels (TTCCs). Here we summarize current knowledge about the prognostic value and molecular targeting of TTCCs. Furthermore, we discuss recent evidence pointing to TTCCs as molecular switches for melanoma chemoresistance, which set the grounds for novel combined therapies against the advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lía Alza
- Universitat de Lleida-IRBlLeida, Cell Calcium Signaling Lab, 25198, Rovira Roure, 80, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Visa
- Universitat de Lleida-IRBlLeida, Cell Calcium Signaling Lab, 25198, Rovira Roure, 80, Lleida, Spain
| | - Judit Herreros
- Universitat de Lleida-IRBlLeida, Cell Calcium Signaling Lab, 25198, Rovira Roure, 80, Lleida, Spain
| | - Carles Cantí
- Universitat de Lleida-IRBlLeida, Cell Calcium Signaling Lab, 25198, Rovira Roure, 80, Lleida, Spain.
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268
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Lee H, Kim JW, Kim DK, Choi DK, Lee S, Yu JH, Kwon OB, Lee J, Lee DS, Kim JH, Min SH. Calcium Channels as Novel Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072327. [PMID: 32230901 PMCID: PMC7177693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is reportedly attributed to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSC), because in most cancers, CSCs still remain after chemotherapy. To overcome this limitation, novel therapeutic strategies are required to prevent cancer recurrence and chemotherapy-resistant cancers by targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs). We screened an FDA-approved compound library and found four voltage-gated calcium channel blockers (manidipine, lacidipine, benidipine, and lomerizine) that target ovarian CSCs. Four calcium channel blockers (CCBs) decreased sphere formation, viability, and proliferation, and induced apoptosis in ovarian CSCs. CCBs destroyed stemness and inhibited the AKT and ERK signaling pathway in ovarian CSCs. Among calcium channel subunit genes, three L- and T-type calcium channel genes were overexpressed in ovarian CSCs, and downregulation of calcium channel genes reduced the stem-cell-like properties of ovarian CSCs. Expressions of these three genes are negatively correlated with the survival rate of patient groups. In combination therapy with cisplatin, synergistic effect was shown in inhibiting the viability and proliferation of ovarian CSCs. Moreover, combinatorial usage of manidipine and paclitaxel showed enhanced effect in ovarian CSCs xenograft mouse models. Our results suggested that four CCBs may be potential therapeutic drugs for preventing ovarian cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Lee
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Dong Kyu Choi
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
| | - Seul Lee
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
| | - Ji Hoon Yu
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Oh-Bin Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
| | - Jungsul Lee
- 3 billion Inc., Seocho-gu, Seoul 06621, Korea;
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-S.L.); (J.H.K.); (S.-H.M.)
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Correspondence: (D.-S.L.); (J.H.K.); (S.-H.M.)
| | - Sang-Hyun Min
- New Drug Development Center, DGMIF, 80 Chumbok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (H.L.); (J.W.K.); (D.K.C.); (J.H.Y.); (O.-B.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.-S.L.); (J.H.K.); (S.-H.M.)
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Fabres RB, Montes NL, Camboim YDM, de Souza SK, Nicola F, Tassinari ID, Ribeiro MFM, Netto CA, de Fraga LS. Long-Lasting Actions of Progesterone Protect the Neonatal Brain Following Hypoxia-Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1417-1428. [PMID: 32170571 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns, occurring in approximately 2% of live births. Neuroprotective actions of progesterone (PROG) have already been described in animal models of brain lesions. However, PROG actions on neonates are still controversial. Here, we treated male Wistar rats exposed to HI with PROG. Five experimental groups were defined (n = 6/group) according to the scheme of PROG administration (10 mg/kg): SHAM (animals submitted to a fictitious surgery, without ischemia induction, and maintained under normoxia), HI (animals undergoing HI), BEFORE (animals undergoing HI and receiving PROG immediately before HI), AFTER (animals undergoing HI and receiving PROG at 6 and 24 h after HI) and BEFORE/AFTER (animals undergoing HI and receiving PROG immediately before and 6 and 24 h after HI). At P14 (7 days following HI), the volumes of lesion of the cerebral hemisphere and the hippocampus ipsilateral to the cerebral ischemia were evaluated, along with p-Akt, cleaved caspase-3 and GFAP expression in the hippocampus. PROG reduces the loss of brain tissue caused by HI. Moreover, when administered after HI, PROG was able to increase p-Akt expression and reduce both cleaved caspase-3 and GFAP expression in the hippocampus. In summary, it was possible to observe a neuroprotective action of PROG on the brain of neonatal animals exposed to experimental HI. This is the first study suggesting PROG-dependent Akt activation is able to regulate negatively cleaved caspase-3 and GFAP expression protecting neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain tissue from apoptosis and reactive gliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bandeira Fabres
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Lima Montes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Yahi de Menezes Camboim
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Samir Khal de Souza
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Nicola
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Neurociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Isadora D'Ávila Tassinari
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Maria Flavia Marques Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Netto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Neurociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Luciano Stürmer de Fraga
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.
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270
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Cheng F, Zhou Y, Wang M, Guo C, Cao Z, Zhang R, Peng C. A review of pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104755. [PMID: 32173585 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stachydrine is extracted from the leaves of Leonurus japonicus Houtt (or Motherwort, "Yi Mu Cao" in Traditional Chinese Medicine) and is the major bioactive ingredient. So far, stachydrine has demonstrated various bioactivities for the treatment of fibrosis, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, uterine diseases, brain injuries, and inflammation. The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine up to 2019 have been comprehensively searched and summarized. This review provides an updated summary of recent studies on the pharmacological activities of stachydrine. Many studies have demonstrated that stachydrine has strong anti-fibrotic properties (on various types of fibrosis) by inhibiting ECM deposition and decreasing inflammatory and oxidative stress through multiple molecular mechanisms (including TGF-β, ERS-mediated apoptosis, MMPs/TIMPs, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT). The cardioprotective and vasoprotective activities of stachydrine are related to its inhibition of β-MHC, excessive autophagy, SIRT1, eNOS uncoupling and TF, promotion of SERCA, and angiogenesis. In addition to its anticancer action, regulation of the uterus, neuroprotective effects, etc. the pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoqi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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271
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Farhat D, Léon S, Ghayad SE, Gadot N, Icard P, Le Romancer M, Hussein N, Lincet H. Lipoic acid decreases breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting IGF-1R via furin downregulation. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:885-894. [PMID: 31988347 PMCID: PMC7078196 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. Despite advances in therapies, the mechanisms of resistance remain the underlying cause of morbidity and mortality. Lipoic acid (LA) is an antioxidant and essential cofactor in oxidative metabolism. Its potential therapeutic effects have been well documented, but its mechanisms of action (MOA) are not fully understood. METHODS The aim of this study is to validate the inhibitory LA effect on the proliferation of various breast cancer cell lines and to investigate the MOA that may be involved in this process. We tested LA effects by ex vivo studies on fresh human mammary tumour samples. RESULTS We demonstrate that LA inhibits the proliferation and Akt and ERK signalling pathways of several breast cancer cells. While searching for upstream dysregulations, we discovered the loss of expression of IGF-1R upon exposure to LA. This decrease is due to the downregulation of the convertase, furin, which is implicated in the maturation of IGF-1R. Moreover, ex vivo studies on human tumour samples showed that LA significantly decreases the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67. CONCLUSION LA exerts its anti-proliferative effect by inhibiting the maturation of IGF-1R via the downregulation of furin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Farhat
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Léon
- Plateforme Ex-Vivo, Département de Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation, SIRIC LYriCAN, INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12563, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra E Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Gadot
- Plateforme Anatomopathologie-Recherche, Département de Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Icard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Unité de recherche BioTICLA INSERM U 119, 14000, Caen, France
- Service de chirurgie thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hubert Lincet
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.
- ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France.
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272
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Rocha A, Proença M, Carvalho MA. Synthesis of 2-(aminophenyl)adenine derivatives: a simple protocol using the classical iron powder/acetic acid reduction methodology. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2019-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
2-(Nitrophenyl)adenine derivatives were isolated from the reaction of 5-amino-4-amidino-imidazoles with nitrobenzaldehydes. The conversion of the nitro derivatives to 2-(aminophenyl)adenine derivatives was performed using iron/acetic acid as reducing agent, in 70% aqueous ethanol. The products were isolated in good yield and the isolation protocol involves simple filtration and extraction procedures. This methodology is compatible with the presence of functional groups such as amines, ethers, halofluorides, and halochlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rocha
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - M.F. Proença
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - M. Alice Carvalho
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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273
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Nagasaka M, Li Y, Sukari A, Ou SHI, Al-Hallak MN, Azmi AS. KRAS G12C Game of Thrones, which direct KRAS inhibitor will claim the iron throne? Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 84:101974. [PMID: 32014824 PMCID: PMC7041424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.101974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) are among the most common aberrations in cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The lack of an ideal small molecule binding pocket in the KRAS protein and its high affinity towards the abundance of cellular guanosine triphosphate (GTP) renders the design of specific small molecule drugs challenging. Despite efforts, KRAS remains a challenging therapeutic target. Among the different known mutations; the KRASG12C (glycine 12 to cysteine) mutation has been considered potentially druggable. Several novel covalent direct inhibitors targeting KRASG12C with similar covalent binding mechanisms are now in clinical trials. Both AMG 510 from Amgen and MRTX849 from Mirati Therapeutics covalently binds to KRASG12C at the cysteine at residue 12, keeping KRASG12C in its inactive GDP-bound state and inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling. Both inhibitors are being studied as a single agent or as combination with other targets. In addition, two novel KRAS G12C inhibitors JNJ-74699157 and LY3499446 will have entered phase 1 studies by the end of 2019. Given the rapid clinical development of 4 direct covalent KRAS G12C inhibitors within a short period of time, understanding the similarities and differences among these will be important to determine the best treatment option based on tumor specific response (NSCLC versus colorectal carcinoma), potential resistance mechanisms (i.e. anticipated acquired mutation at the cysteine 12 residue) and central nervous system (CNS) activity. Additionally, further investigation evaluating the efficacy and safety of combination therapies with agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors will be important next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Nagasaka
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA; St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Yiwei Li
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA; Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit MI, USA.
| | - Ammar Sukari
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA.
| | - Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA.
| | | | - Asfar S Azmi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Wayne State University, Detroit MI, USA; Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit MI, USA.
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274
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Ou X, Lv W. Metabolic changes and interaction of tumor cell, myeloid-derived suppressor cell and T cell in hypoxic microenvironment. Future Oncol 2020; 16:383-393. [PMID: 32067476 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is universally acknowledged that a large number of immune cells, as well as inflammatory factors, regulatory factors and metabolites, accumulate in the tumor microenvironment to jointly promote tumor escape, development and metastasis. Hypoxia is one of the characteristics in tumor microenvironment and is a common phenomenon in all solid tumors. In tumor hypoxia response, there is a key regulator called HIF-1a, which is a key transcriptional regulatory protein that regulates many critical genes. In this paper, the effects of hypoxia on glucose metabolism of tumor cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and T cells in tumor microenvironment were reviewed, and the interaction among the three was also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiantu Ou
- Clinical laboratory of Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528308, PR China
| | - Weibiao Lv
- Clinical laboratory of Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, No. 1 Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528308, PR China
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275
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Chen Z, Liu W, Qin Z, Liang X, Tian G. Geniposide exhibits anticancer activity to medulloblastoma cells by downregulating microRNA-373. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22471. [PMID: 32057176 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma is a common tumor originates from central nervous system in children with metastatic potential. Geniposide is the major active ingredient separated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Herein, we tested the possible anticancer activity of geniposide on human medulloblastoma cells, as well as the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Firstly, followed by geniposide incubation, cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of medulloblastoma Daoy cells, along with microRNA-373 (miR-373) expression were tested, respectively. Then, the influences of miR-373 overexpression in the reduction of medulloblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and the elevation of apoptosis, triggered by geniposide treatment, were re-investigated. Finally, the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway activity was analyzed. RESULTS Geniposide treatment inhibited medulloblastoma cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, but promoted cell apoptosis. Surprisingly, miR-373 expression in medulloblastoma cells was obviously downregulated by geniposide treatment. miR-373 overexpression reversed the effects of geniposide on Daoy cells. Furthermore, geniposide hindered the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by downregulating miR-373 expression. CONCLUSION Geniposide exhibited anticancer activity on human medulloblastoma cells and blocked Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by downregulating miR-373 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhigang Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gengren Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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276
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Ferrín G, Guerrero M, Amado V, Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, De la Mata M. Activation of mTOR Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041266. [PMID: 32070029 PMCID: PMC7072933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer and occurs mainly in patients with liver cirrhosis. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is involved in many hallmarks of cancer including cell growth, metabolism re-programming, proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. The mTOR pathway is upregulated in HCC tissue samples as compared with the surrounding liver cirrhotic tissue. In addition, the activation of mTOR is more intense in the tumor edge, thus reinforcing its role in HCC proliferation and spreading. The inhibition of the mTOR pathway by currently available pharmacological compounds (i.e., sirolimus or everolimus) is able to hamper tumor progression both in vitro and in animal models. The use of mTOR inhibitors alone or in combination with other therapies is a very attractive approach, which has been extensively investigated in humans. However, results are contradictory and there is no solid evidence suggesting a true benefit in clinical practice. As a result, neither sirolimus nor everolimus are currently approved to treat HCC or to prevent tumor recurrence after curative surgery. In the present comprehensive review, we analyzed the most recent scientific evidence while providing some insights to understand the gap between experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ferrín
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (G.F.); (M.G.); (V.A.); (M.D.l.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Guerrero
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (G.F.); (M.G.); (V.A.); (M.D.l.M.)
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantaton, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Víctor Amado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (G.F.); (M.G.); (V.A.); (M.D.l.M.)
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantaton, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Perálvarez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (G.F.); (M.G.); (V.A.); (M.D.l.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantaton, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-617854692
| | - Manuel De la Mata
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (G.F.); (M.G.); (V.A.); (M.D.l.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantaton, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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277
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Tian X, Geng J, Zheng Q, Wang L, Huang P, Tong J, Zheng S. Single high dose irradiation induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:740-747. [PMID: 32039644 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1694188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is emerging as a new noninvasive treatment in patients with primary liver carcinoma or liver-confined metastatic cancer. However, the radiobiological targets remain a subject of debate. Here, we investigated the potential biological effects of the radiation on the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.Materials and methods: Firstly, HepG2 cells were divided into three groups: control group, 3.5 Gy*8f group (L group), and 15 Gy*1f group (H group). After treatment, cell proliferation was examined using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and plate colony formation assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed using propidium iodide and Hoechst 33258 staining, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying irradiation-induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis were investigated by Western blot assay.Results: Irradiation could effectively inhibit the proliferation and colony formation of HepG2 cells, and the single high dose irradiation showed stronger inhibitory effects. Irradiation-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in HepG2 cell, during which the expression levels of cyclin B1, CDK1, and p-CDK1 proteins were downregulated, whereas expression of p21 was upregulated in the irradiated HepG2 cells. After irradiation, typical morphological changes of apoptosis in HepG2 cells were observed; the number of cell apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis associated proteins were significantly increased in HepG2 cells by high dose irradiation compared with low dose irradiation. Additionally, compared with low dose irradiation, high dose irradiation significantly downregulated the phosphorylated proteins in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Conclusions: Our results suggest that irradiation applied in SBRT, particularly single high dose irradiation, mediates its anti-tumor effects by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via modulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoQiang Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Geng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - LiXue Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - PeiLin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Medicine School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - JinLong Tong
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - ShengQin Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Guo Y, Zhang T, Shi Y, Zhang J, Li M, Lu F, Zhang J, Chen X, Ding S. Helicobacter pylori inhibits GKN1 expression via the CagA/p-ERK/AUF1 pathway. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12665. [PMID: 31657090 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that gastrokine 1 (GKN1), an important tumor suppressor gene, is downregulated in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infected gastric mucosa and gastric cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the potential mechanism of H. pylori-induced GKN1 downregulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS GKN1 and AU-rich element RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) expressions were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, or immunohistochemistry in H. pylori-infected tissues and H. pylori co-cultured cell lines. The regulation of AUF1 on GKN1 was determined by RNA pulldown assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, mRNA turnover, and luciferase activity assays. The involvement of phosphorylated extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) or CagA in H. pylori-induced AUF1 expression was verified using p-ERK inhibitor or CagA knockout H. pylori. In addition, the cell proliferation and migration capacities of AUF1-knockdown cells were investigated. RESULTS GKN1 expression progressively decreased from H. pylori-infected gastritis to gastric cancer tissues. H. pylori co-culture also induced significant GKN1 reduction in GES-1 and BGC-823 cells. Besides, the mRNA level of GKN1 and AUF1 in human gastric mucosa showed negative correlation significantly. AUF1 knockdown resulted in upregulation of GKN1 expression and promoted GKN1 mRNA decay by binding the 3' untranslated region of GKN1 mRNA H. pylori-induced AUF1 expression was associated with p-ERK activation and CagA. Furthermore, knockdown of AUF1 significantly inhibited cell viability, migration ability, and arrested fewer cells in S-phase. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that H. pylori infection downregulated GKN1 expression via the CagA/p-ERK/AUF1 pathway. AUF1 promoted gastric cancer at least partly through downregulating GKN1, which presented a novel potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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279
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Laperle AH, Sances S, Yucer N, Dardov VJ, Garcia VJ, Ho R, Fulton AN, Jones MR, Roxas KM, Avalos P, West D, Banuelos MG, Shu Z, Murali R, Maidment NT, Van Eyk JE, Tagliati M, Svendsen CN. iPSC modeling of young-onset Parkinson's disease reveals a molecular signature of disease and novel therapeutic candidates. Nat Med 2020; 26:289-299. [PMID: 31988461 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD), defined by onset at <50 years, accounts for approximately 10% of all Parkinson's disease cases and, while some cases are associated with known genetic mutations, most are not. Here induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from control individuals and from patients with YOPD with no known mutations. Following differentiation into cultures containing dopamine neurons, induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with YOPD showed increased accumulation of soluble α-synuclein protein and phosphorylated protein kinase Cα, as well as reduced abundance of lysosomal membrane proteins such as LAMP1. Testing activators of lysosomal function showed that specific phorbol esters, such as PEP005, reduced α-synuclein and phosphorylated protein kinase Cα levels while increasing LAMP1 abundance. Interestingly, the reduction in α-synuclein occurred through proteasomal degradation. PEP005 delivery to mouse striatum also decreased α-synuclein production in vivo. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic cultures reveal a signature in patients with YOPD who have no known Parkinson's disease-related mutations, suggesting that there might be other genetic contributions to this disorder. This signature was normalized by specific phorbol esters, making them promising therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Laperle
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sances
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N Yucer
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V J Dardov
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V J Garcia
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Ho
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A N Fulton
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M R Jones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K M Roxas
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Avalos
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D West
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M G Banuelos
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Z Shu
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N T Maidment
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J E Van Eyk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Tagliati
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C N Svendsen
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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280
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Kodama T, Koma YI, Arai N, Kido A, Urakawa N, Nishio M, Shigeoka M, Yokozaki H. CCL3-CCR5 axis contributes to progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by promoting cell migration and invasion via Akt and ERK pathways. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1140-1157. [PMID: 32457351 PMCID: PMC7438203 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the progression and mortality of various malignancies. We reported that high numbers of infiltrating TAMs were significantly associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In our previous investigation of TAMs' actions in ESCC, we compared gene expression profiles between peripheral blood monocyte (PBMo)-derived macrophages and TAM-like macrophages stimulated with conditioned media of ESCC cell lines. Among the upregulated genes in the TAM-like macrophages, we focused on CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), which was reported to contribute to tumor progression in several malignancies. Herein, we observed that not only TAMs but also ESCC cell lines expressed CCL3. A CCL3 receptor, CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) was expressed in the ESCC cell lines. Treating the ESCC cell lines with recombinant human (rh)CCL3 induced the phosphorylations of Akt and ERK, which were suppressed by CCR5 knockdown. Migration and invasion of ESCC cells were promoted by treatment with rhCCL3 and co-culture with TAMs. TAMs/rhCCL3-promoted cell migration and invasion were suppressed by inhibition of the CCL3-CCR5 axis, PI3K/Akt, and MEK/ERK pathways. Treatment with rhCCL3 upregulated MMP2 and VEGFA expressions in ESCC cell lines. Our immunohistochemical analysis of 68 resected ESCC cases showed that high expression of CCL3 and/or CCR5 in ESCC tissues was associated with poor prognosis. High CCR5 expression was associated with deeper invasion, presence of vascular invasion, higher pathological stage, higher numbers of infiltrating CD204+ TAMs, and higher microvascular density. High expression of both CCL3 and CCR5 was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. These results suggest that CCL3 derived from both TAMs and cancer cells contributes to the progression and poor prognosis of ESCC by promoting cell migration and invasion via the binding of CCR5 and the phosphorylations of Akt and ERK. The CCL3-CCR5 axis could become the target of new therapies against ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kodama
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-ichiro Koma
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Arai
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Aya Kido
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan ,grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Urakawa
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan ,grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- grid.31432.370000 0001 1092 3077Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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281
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Zanini S, Renzi S, Giovinazzo F, Bermano G. mTOR Pathway in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (GEP-NETs). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:562505. [PMID: 33304317 PMCID: PMC7701056 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.562505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) originate from neuroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract. They are heterogeneous, and though initially considered rare tumors, the incidence of GEP-NENs has increased in the last few decades. Therapeutic approaches for the metastatic disease include surgery, radiological intervention by chemoembolisation, radiofrequency ablation, biological therapy in addition to somatostatin analogs, and PRRT therapy (177Lu-DOTATATE). The PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is essential in the regulation of protein translation, cell growth, and metabolism. Evidence suggests that the mTOR pathway is involved in malignant progression and resistance to treatment through over-activation of several mechanisms. PI3K, one of the main downstream of the Akt-mTOR axis, is mainly involved in the neoplastic process. This pathway is frequently deregulated in human tumors, making it a central target in the development of new anti-cancer treatments. Recent molecular studies identify potential targets within the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in GEP-NENs. However, the use of target therapy has been known to lead to resistance due to several mechanisms such as feedback activation of alternative pathways, inactivation of protein kinases, and deregulation of the downstream mTOR components. Therefore, the specific role of targeted drugs for the management of GEP-NENs is yet to be well-defined. The variable clinical presentation of advanced neuroendocrine tumors is a significant challenge for designing studies. This review aims to highlight the role of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in the development of neuroendocrine tumors and further specify its potential as a therapeutic target in advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zanini
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Renzi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Giovinazzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Department of Surgery -Transplantation Service, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Giovinazzo
| | - Giovanna Bermano
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Giovanna Bermano
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282
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Han H, Zhan Z, Xu J, Song Z. TMEFF2 inhibits pancreatic cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11371-11382. [PMID: 31920328 PMCID: PMC6939404 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper studied the effect of TMEFF2 expression on pancreatic cancer and its mechanism. METHODS A total of 72 pancreatic cancer patients were enrolled. AsPC1 and Panc1 cells were transfected. SB203580 was used to treat AsPC1 cells. CCK8 assay, colony formation analysis, Transwell experiment and Tunel test were performed. In vivo studies in nude mice were conducted. Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect genes expression. RESULTS TMEFF2 was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells (P<0.001). Low TMEFF2 expression was associated with larger tumor size and advanced stage and poor differentiation (P<0.01). Compared with the NC group, AsPC1 and Panc1 cells of the TMEFF2 group exhibited much lower OD450 values, colony number, tumor volume and weight, migration and invasion cell numbers, obviously higher E-cadherin protein expression, lower Snail, Vimentin, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins expression, lower phosphorylation level of MAPK signaling pathway, and more apoptotic cells. AsPC1 cells of the SB203580 group showed much lower OD450 value when compared with the siTMEFF2 group. Significantly decreased colony number, migration and invasion number, higher E-cadherin protein expression and lower Snail, Vimentin, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins expression were found in AsPC1 cells of the siTMEFF2+ SB203580 group when compared with the siTMEFF2+ DMSO group. CONCLUSION TMEFF2 inhibits pancreatic cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing the phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Shanghai No. 10 People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng Third People’s Hospital, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chizhou People’s Hospital, Chizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng Third People’s Hospital, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenshun Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Shanghai No. 10 People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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283
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Tewari D, Patni P, Bishayee A, Sah AN, Bishayee A. Natural products targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in cancer: A novel therapeutic strategy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 80:1-17. [PMID: 31866476 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) represent two vital intracellular signaling pathways, which are associated with various aspects of cellular functions. These functions play vital roles in quiescence, survival, and growth in normal physiological circumstances as well as in various pathological disorders, including cancer. These two pathways are so intimately connected to each other that in some instances these are considered as one unique pathway crucial for cell cycle regulation. The purpose of this review is to emphasize the role of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in different cancer conditions and the importance of natural products targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. This review also aims to draw the attention of scientists and researchers to the assorted beneficial effects of the numerous classes of natural products for the development of new and safe drugs for possible cancer therapy. We also summarize and critically analyze various preclinical and clinical studies on bioactive compounds and constituents, which are derived from natural products, to target the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway for cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 411, Punjab, India.
| | - Pooja Patni
- Sharda School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technical University, Gandhinagar 382 610, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Archana N Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263 136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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284
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Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors as new weapon to combat cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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285
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Tramadol use is associated with enhanced postoperative outcomes in breast cancer patients: a retrospective clinical study with in vitro confirmation. Br J Anaesth 2019; 123:865-876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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286
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Gnoni A, Licchetta A, Memeo R, Argentiero A, Solimando AG, Longo V, Delcuratolo S, Brunetti O. Role of BRAF in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Rationale for Future Targeted Cancer Therapies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55120754. [PMID: 31766556 PMCID: PMC6956203 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55120754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The few therapeutic strategies for advance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on poor knowledge of its biology. For several years, sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) inhibitor, has been the approved treatment option, to date, for advanced HCC patients. Its activity is the inhibition of the retrovirus-associated DNA sequences protein (RAS)/Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma protein (RAF)/mitogen-activated and extracellular-signal regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. However, the efficacy of sorafenib is limited by the development of drug resistance, and the major neuronal isoform of RAF, BRAF and MEK pathways play a critical and central role in HCC escape from TKIs activity. Advanced HCC patients with a BRAF mutation display a multifocal and/or more aggressive behavior with resistance to TKI. Moreover, also long non-coding RNA (lnc-RNA) have been studied in epigenetic studies for BRAF aggressiveness in HCC. So far, lnc-RNA of BRAF could be another mechanism of cancer proliferation and TKI escape in HCC and the inhibition could become a possible strategy treatment for HCC. Moreover, recent preclinical studies and clinical trials evidence that combined treatments, involving alternative pathways, have an important role of therapy for HCC and they could bypass resistance to the following TKIs: MEK, ERKs/ribosomal protein S6 kinase 2 (RSK2), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). These initial data must be confirmed in clinical studies, which are currently ongoing. Translational research discoveries could create new strategies of targeted therapy combinations, including BRAF pathway, and they could eventually bring light in new treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gnoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, “S. Cuore di Gesù” Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.B.); Tel.: +39-338-118-5854 (A.G.)
| | | | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonella Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio G. Solimando
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine “G. Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vito Longo
- Medical Thoracic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sabina Delcuratolo
- Scientific direction, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (O.B.); Tel.: +39-338-118-5854 (A.G.)
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287
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Perez-Juarez CE, Arechavaleta-Velasco F, Zeferino-Toquero M, Alvarez-Arellano L, Estrada-Moscoso I, Diaz-Cueto L. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways decreases progranulin expression in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) cell line: a potential biomarker for therapy response to signaling pathway inhibitors. Med Oncol 2019; 37:4. [PMID: 31713081 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with advanced stage ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) have a poor prognosis due to resistance to conventional platinum chemotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways are involved in this chemoresistance. Progranulin (PGRN) overexpression contributes to cisplatin resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines. Also, PGRN expression is regulated by AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in different cell types. Thus, the present study was designed to identify if PGRN expression is regulated by AKT, mTOR, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in the OCCC cell line TOV-21G. Cultured TOV-21G cells were incubated with different concentrations of pharmacological cell signaling inhibitors. PGRN expression and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, and mTOR were assessed by Western blotting. Inhibition of AKT, mTOR, and ERK1/2 significantly reduced PGRN expression. Cell viability was not affected, while cell proliferation significantly decreased with all inhibitors used in this study. These observations demonstrated that inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways reduces PGRN expression in TOV-21G cells. Thus, PGRN could be considered as a candidate for explaining the high resistance to platinum-based treatment and a potential biomarker for therapy response to cell signaling inhibitors in patients with OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Perez-Juarez
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fabian Arechavaleta-Velasco
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Moises Zeferino-Toquero
- Departamento de Oncologia Ginecologica, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Departamento de Cirugia Oncologica, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No.3, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Isaias Estrada-Moscoso
- Departamento de Patologia, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Laura Diaz-Cueto
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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288
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Wu F, Zhou J. CircAGFG1 promotes cervical cancer progression via miR-370-3p/RAF1 signaling. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1067. [PMID: 31703640 PMCID: PMC6842182 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In past decades, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have achieved increasing attention because of its regulatory role in different kinds of cancers. However, how circAGFG1 regulates cervical cancer (CC) is still largely undiscovered. This study aims to evaluate the role of a novel circRNAs and related molecular mechanism in CC cells. Methods High or low level of circAGFG1 was detected in CC cells or normal cell line with qRT-PCR. The proliferative and migratory abilities of CC cells were assessed with loss-of function assays. The downstream miRNA and mRNA of circAGFG1 were searched out and proved by using bioinformatics analysis and mechanism experiments. Recue assays were designed to confirm the role of circAGFG1/miR-370-3p/RAF1 axis in CC cell activities. Results The levels of circAGFG1 was abundant in CC cells in comparison with normal cervical cell End1/E6E7. The inhibitory effect of decreased circAGFG1 level on the proliferative and migratory abilities of CC cells was assessed. CircAGFG1 and miR-370-3p were localized in the cytoplasm and they can interact with each other. Moreover, miR-370-3p was downregulated in CC cells. We also determined the negative effect of miR-370-3p on RAF1. CircAGFG1 could promote RAF1 expression by absorbing miR-370-3p, thereby activating RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. circAGFG1 promoted proliferation and migration of CC cells via enhancing the activity of RAF/MEK/ERK pathway by sponging miR-370-3p and further regulating RAF1. Conclusion The results of this study provided new evidence that circAGFG1 acted as a vital regulator in cervical cancer proliferation and migration, giving great promise to apply it as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo City, 726000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.47, Bashan Road(east), Hanbin District, Ankang City, 725000, Shaanxi Province, China.
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289
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Yao W, Lin Z, Shi P, Chen B, Wang G, Huang J, Sui Y, Liu Q, Li S, Lin X, Liu Q, Yao H. Delicaflavone induces ROS-mediated apoptosis and inhibits PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathways in colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 171:113680. [PMID: 31669234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and tends to have drug resistance. Delicaflavone (DLF), a novel anticancer agent of biflavonoid from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron, showed strong anti-CRC activities, which has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects and possible anti-CRC mechanism of DLF in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that DLF significantly inhibited the cells viability and induced G2/M phase arrest, apoptosis, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), generation of ROS and increase of intracellular Ca2+ in HT29 and HCT116 cells by MTT assay, TEM, flow cytometry and inverted fluorescence microscope. Western blot and qPCR assays results further confirmed DLF induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathways in CRC cells. Meanwhile, DLF significantly suppressed the tumor growth via activation of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 protein and decrease of ki67 and CD34 protein without apparent side effects in vivo. In summary, these results indicated DLF induced ROS-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through ER stress and mitochondrial pathway accompanying with the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/MEK/Erk signaling cascade. Thus DLF could be a potential therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; College of Medical Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Peiying Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, Bee Science College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianyong Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuxia Sui
- Department of Pharmacy, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Qicai Liu
- Nano Medical Technology Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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290
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Jian-Song, Gao QL, Wu BW, Li D, Shi L, Zhu T, Lou JF, Jin CY, Zhang YB, Zhang SY, Liu HM. Novel tertiary sulfonamide derivatives containing benzimidazole moiety as potent anti-gastric cancer agents: Design, synthesis and SAR studies. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111731. [PMID: 31577977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the expectation to find out new anti-gastric cancer agents with high efficacy and selectivity, a series of novel tertiary sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized and the anti-cancer activity was studied in three selected cancer cell lines (MGC-803, PC-3, MCF-7) in vitro. Some of the synthesized compounds could significantly inhibit the proliferation of these tested cancer cells and were more potent than the positive control (5-Fu). The structure-activity relationship of tertiary sulfonamide derivatives was explored in this report. Among the tested compounds, compound 13g containing benzimidazole moiety showed the best anti-proliferation activities against MGC-803 cells (IC50 = 1.02 μM), HGC-27 cells (IC50 = 1.61 μM), SGC-7901 (IC50 = 2.30 μM) cells as well as the good selectivity between the cancer and normal cells. Cellular mechanism studies elucidated compound 13g inhibited the colony formation of gastric cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, compound 13g arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase and induced cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, compound 13g markedly decreased p-Akt and p-c-Raf expression, which revealed that compound 13g targeted gastric cancer cell lines via interfering with AKT/mTOR and RAS/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways. All the findings suggest that compound 13g might be a valuable lead compound for the anti-gastric cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiu-Lei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bo-Wen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jian-Feng Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan-Bing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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291
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Liu L, Chen J, Cao M, Wang J, Wang S. NO donor inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:1303-1314. [PMID: 31555866 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PABA/NO, O2-{2,4-dinitro-5-[4-(N-methylamino) benzoyloxy] phenyl} 1-(N, N-dimethylamino) diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate, is a diazeniumdiolate-based NO-donor prodrug that releases exogenous nitric oxide at high concentrations to induce apoptosis in many tumor cell lines. PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effects of PABA/NO on hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and apoptosis induction both in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS PABA/NO dramatically inhibited the growth of Bel-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells and significantly induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, up-regulation of Bax and Bad, release of Cyt c and activation of cleaved-caspase-9/3 and cleaved-PARP, which were related to suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) and U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) prior to PABA/NO were found to synergistically enhance PABA/NO-induced apoptosis. Carboxy-PTIO as a NO scavenger obviously attenuated PABA/NO-induced apoptosis. Additionally, H22 tumor-bearing mice experiments demonstrated that PABA/NO exerted good anti-tumor effects via reducing tumor volume, tumor weight and decreasing the expression of CD34. Furthermore, PABA/NO treatment strongly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways in H22 hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. CONCLUSIONS PABA/NO induced apoptosis through inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, 471023, China.
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Mengyao Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, 471023, China
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292
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Zheng Y, Fang YC, Li J. PD-L1 expression levels on tumor cells affect their immunosuppressive activity. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5399-5407. [PMID: 31612048 PMCID: PMC6781757 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is an immuno-checkpoint receptor which is primarily expressed on T cells, monocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the primary ligand of PD-1 and is constitutively expressed on antigen presenting cells, mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells. In addition, PD-L1 is also expressed on a wide range of tumor cells, including lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma. PD-1 and PD-L1 are important members of the immunoglobulin super-family and participate in immune regulation. In the present study, the immune-suppressive effects of a number of tumor cell lines were determined. The breast tumor cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 displayed the largest inhibitory effects on T-cell activation and cytokine secretion in a co-culture system. The HepG2, A549 and A375 cells displayed limited inhibitory effects. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells expressed the highest level of PD-L1 among the cells used, which may explain their higher immuno-suppressive effects. Compound A0-L, a small molecule inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, restored T cell functions. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the tumor cells with higher levels of PD-L1 expression suppressed signaling pathways involved in T-cell activation, such as the T-cell receptor- zeta chain of T cell receptor associated protein kinase ZAP70-RAS-GTPase-extracellular-signal-regulated kinases and CD28-PI3K-Akt serine/threonine kinases pathways. These findings suggest that tumor cells with higher expression levels of PD-L1 may exhibit higher immuno-suppressive activity, and that drugs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction may have improved therapeutic effects on tumors expressing higher levels of PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - You-Chen Fang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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293
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of some 1,6-disubstituted-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles derivatives targeted PI3K as anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103283. [PMID: 31585260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates various cellular processes, such as proliferation, growth, autophagy and apoptosis. Class I PI3K is frequently mutated and overexpressed in a lot of human cancers and PI3K was considered as a target for therapeutic treatment of cancer. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of 1,6-disubstituted-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles derivatives and evaluated their anticancer activity and the compound 8i was identified as a lead compound. Compound 8i with the most potent antiproliferative activity was selected for further biological mechanism. The PI3K kinase assay have shown potent efficiency against four subtypes of PI3K with an IC50 of 0.5-1.9 nM. Molecular docking showed a possible formation of H-bonding with essential amino acid residues. Meanwhile, western blot assay indicated that 8i inhibited cell proliferation via suppression of PI3K kinase activity and subsequently blocked PI3K/Akt pathway activation in HCT116 cells. In addition, 8i could inhibit the migration and invasion ability of HCT116 cells and could induce apoptosis of HCT116 cells.
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294
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Wang K, Peng K. RRAS2 knockdown suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inactivating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:933-939. [PMID: 31517733 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant function of RRAS2 drives malignant transformation in a various of cancers. However, little information exists on the function of RRAS2 in tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma. In this study, we investigated the effect of RRAS2 on osteosarcoma progression and its underlying mechanism. The gene expression level and prognostic power of RRAS2 in osteosarcoma were first investigated using the data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then RNA interference was performed to silence the expression of RRAS2 in osteosarcoma cells. Quantitative real-time-PCR and western blot were used to examine the gene and protein expressions of RRAS2 in osteosarcoma cells. In-vitro cancer proliferation and migration were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolum bromide solution and wound-healing assays, respectively. We found that RRAS2 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma cells and high expression of RRAS2 was associated with a poor prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma. RNA interference decreased the gene and protein expression of RRAS2, reduced in-vitro the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells, and suppressed the activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. RRAS2 as an adverse prognostic factor promoted cell proliferation and migration by activating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, and may provide new therapeutic value for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou
| | - Kan Peng
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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295
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Liu M, Wang X, Li H, Xu L, Jing L, Jiang P, Liu B, Li Y. The effect of apatinib combined with chemotherapy or targeted therapy on non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and vivo. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:1868-1878. [PMID: 31486270 PMCID: PMC6775003 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a combination of apatinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which selectivelyacts on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and has shown good efficacy in a variety of malignancies, but the drug resistance is fast in single drug therapy. METHODS The inhibitory effect of apatinib and other drugs on lung cancer cells was determined by CCK-8 test in vitro, and the IC50 value was determined. To establish a nude mouse xenograft model, observe the inhibitory effect of apatinib combined with other drugs on lung cancer xenografts in nude mice; immunohistochemical staining of tumor microvessel density and Ki67 expression in transplanted tumor tissues; Western blot analysis of related signaling pathways expression; immunohistochemistry was used to detect tumor microvessel density in other organs and to observe its safety. RESULTS In this study, we found apatinib combined with pemetrexed, the first and third generation of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC) lines, reduce the microvessel density and Ki67 protein levels of three non-small cell lung cancer xenografts, and enhance anti-tumor activity by synergistically inhibiting the MAPK-ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, there were no pathological abnormalities in the heart, brain, liver and kidney of each group. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of apatinib combination is better than that of monotherapy, and there is no significant difference in toxicity of important organs, which suggests the feasibility of a combination of apatinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lijun Jing
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong
| | - Baoyi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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296
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Md Roduan MR, Abd Hamid R, Mohtarrudin N. Modulation of cancer signalling pathway(s) in two -stage mouse skin tumorigenesis by annonacin. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:238. [PMID: 31481122 PMCID: PMC6724370 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Annonacin, an annonaceous acetogenin isolated from Annona muricata has been reported to be strongly cytotoxic against various cell lines, in vitro. Nevertheless, its effect against in vivo tumor promoting activity has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate antitumor-promoting activity of annonacin via in vivo two-stage mouse skin tumorigenesis model and its molecular pathways involved. Methods Mice were initiated with single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) (390 nmol/100 μL) followed by, in subsequent week, repeated promotion (twice weekly; 22 weeks) with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (1.7 nmol/100 μL). Annonacin (85 nM) and curcumin (10 mg/kg; reference) were, respectively, applied topically to DMBA/TPA-induced mice 30 min before each TPA application for 22 weeks. Upon termination, histopathological examination of skin, liver and kidney as well as genes and proteins expression analysis were conducted to elucidate the potential mechanism of annonacin. Results With comparison to the carcinogen control, Annonacin significantly increased the tumor latency period and reduced the tumor incidence, tumor burden and tumor volume, respectively. In addition, it also suppressed tumorigenesis manifested by significant reduction of hyperkeratosis, dermal papillae and number of keratin pearls on skin tissues. Annonacin also appeared to be non-toxic to liver and kidney. Significant modulation of both AKT, ERK, mTOR, p38, PTEN and Src genes and proteins were also observed in annonacin-targeted signaling pathway(s) against tumorigenesis. Conclusions Collectively, results of this study indicate that annonacin is a potential therapeutic compound targeting tumor promoting stage in skin tumorigenesis by modulating multiple gene and protein in cancer signaling pathways without apparent toxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2650-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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297
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Kedhari Sundaram M, Raina R, Afroze N, Bajbouj K, Hamad M, Haque S, Hussain A. Quercetin modulates signaling pathways and induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190720. [PMID: 31366565 PMCID: PMC6692570 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have the unique ability to overcome natural defense mechanisms, undergo unchecked proliferation and evade apoptosis. While chemotherapeutic drugs address this, they are plagued by a long list of side effects and have a poor success rate. This has spurred researchers to identify safer bioactive compounds that possess chemopreventive and therapeutic properties. A wide range of experimental as well as epidemiological data encourage the use of dietary agents to impede or delay different stages of cancer. In the present study, we have examined the anti-ancer property of ubiquitous phytochemical quercetin by using cell viability assay, flow cytometry, nuclear morphology, colony formation, scratch wound assay, DNA fragmentation and comet assay. Further, qPCR analysis of various genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, metastasis and different signal transduction pathways was performed. Proteome profiler was used to quantitate the expression of several of these proteins. We find that quercetin decreases cell viability, reduces colony formation, promotes G2-M cell cycle arrest, induces DNA damage and encourages apoptosis. Quercetin induces apoptosis via activating both apoptotic pathways with a stronger effect of the extrinsic pathway relying on the combined power of TRAIL, FASL and TNF with up-regulation of caspases and pro-apoptotic genes. Quercetin could inhibit anti-apoptotic proteins by docking studies. Further, quercetin blocks PI3K, MAPK and WNT pathways. Anticancer effect of quercetin observed in cell-based assays were corroborated by molecular biology studies and yielded valuable mechanistic information. Quercetin appears to be a promising candidate with chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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298
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Yin Y, Sha S, Wu X, Wang SF, Qiao F, Song ZC, Zhu HL. Development of novel chromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(2H)-one derivates bearing sulfonylpiperazine as antitumor inhibitors targeting PI3Kα. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111630. [PMID: 31446244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PI3K signal pathway plays a vital role in cellular functions and becomes an attractive approach for cancer therapy. Herein, a new series of novel chromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(2H)-one derivatives bearing sulfonylpiperazine based on the PI3K inhibitors and our previous research. They were screened for their PI3K inhibitory activities and anticancer effects in vitro. Biological studies indicated that compound 7m revealed the remarkable antiproliferative activity (IC50 ranging from 0.03 to 0.09 μM) against four cancer cell lines (A549, Huh7, HL60 and HCT-116). Besides, compound 7m displayed a certain selective for PI3Kα (IC50 = 0.009 μM) over PI3Kβ, γ and δ, and meanwhile, it can remarkable decreased the expression level of p-Akt (Ser473) and p-S6K. In addition, compound 7m could not only induce HCT-116 cell arrest at G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner, but also induce cell apoptosis via upregulation of Bax and cleaved-caspase 3/9, and downregulation of Bcl-2. Besides, compound 7m can remarkably inhibit the growth of tumor in vivo. The above results suggested that compound 7m could be considered as a promising PI3Kα inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Shao Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Xun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - She-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Fang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China; School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Rd., Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213001, China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
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299
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Kong T, Liu M, Ji B, Bai B, Cheng B, Wang C. Role of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1038. [PMID: 31474876 PMCID: PMC6702336 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), an important member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, is found in many organisms, and it participates in intracellular signal transduction. Various stimuli induce phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in vivo and in vitro. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 moves to the nucleus, activates many transcription factors, regulates gene expression, and controls various physiological processes, finally inducing repair processes or cell death. With the aging of the population around the world, the occurrence of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), especially in the brain, heart, kidney, and other important organs, is becoming increasingly serious. Abnormal activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway is closely related to the development and the metabolic mechanisms of IRI. However, the effects of this signaling pathway and the underlying mechanism differ between various models of IRI. This review summarizes the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and the molecular mechanism underlying its role in models of IRI in the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and other organs. This information will help to deepen the understanding of ERK1/2 signals and deepen the exploration of IRI treatment based on the ERK1/2 study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Kong
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bingyuan Ji
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bo Bai
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Baohua Cheng
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- School of Mental Health, Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Jining Medical University in Colleges of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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300
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Mao Z, Shen X, Dong P, Liu G, Pan S, Sun X, Hu H, Pan L, Huang J. Fucosterol exerts antiproliferative effects on human lung cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and targeting of Raf/MEK/ERK signalling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 61:152809. [PMID: 31035050 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemicals have attained tremendous attention as the chemo-preventive and chemotheruptic agents. Fucosterol is a phytosterol that in prevalently found in marine algae and many other plant species. Previous studies have indicated the potential of fucosterol as an anticancer agent. However, the information on the anticancer activity of fucosterol against lung cancer as well as several other types of cancers is scantly. PURPOSE The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer activity of fucosterol against a panel of lung cancer cell lines. METHODS MTT and colony formation assays were used to determine the cell viability. DAPI and annexin V/PI staining assays were used for the detection of apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometery. Boyden chamber assay was used to monitor cell migration and western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression. In vivo evaluation was carried out in xenografted mice models. RESULTS The results indicated that fucosterol inhibits the growth of the lung cancer cell lines. However, the anticancer effects were more profound against the A549 and SK-LU-1 cancer cells (IC50, 15 µM). In contrast, the anticancer effects of fucosterol on the non-cancerous lung cell lines were minimal. Further investigation revealed that the anticancer effects of fucosterol on the A549 and SK-LU-1 cells are due to the induction of apoptosis. Fucosterol significantly enhanced the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 which was concomitant with decline in the expression of Bcl-2. Fucosterol also triggered G2/M cell cycle arrest of the A549 and SK-LU-1 cells which was associated with decrease in the expression of Cdc2, Cyclin A, Cyclin B1 and upregulation of the negative regulators of cell cycle progression (p21Cip1, and p27Kip1). Moreover, fucosterol could also inhibit the invasion of A549 and SK-LU-1 cells. Finally fucosterol could also inhibit the growth of xenografted tumours in mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, fucosterol inhibits the growth of lung cancer cells and may prove to be a lead molecule for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China.
| | - Xiaoling Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Gaoli Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Shize Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Xiangran Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Li Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, China.
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