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Pan X, Xiao X, Ding Y, Shu Y, Zhang W, Huang L. Neurological adverse events associated with oxaliplatin: A pharmacovigilance analysis based on FDA adverse event reporting system. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1431579. [PMID: 39045045 PMCID: PMC11263116 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1431579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the neurological adverse events of oxaliplatin through the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and to provide reference for safe clinical drug use. Methods The adverse events report data of oxaliplatin from the first quarter of 2019 (1 January 2019) to the third quarter of 2023 (30 September 2023) were extracted from FAERS database, and the adverse events signal intensity was determined using the reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, information component, and empirical Bayes geometric mean methods. Time-to-onset and univariate logistic regression analysis were performed to describe the characteristics and risk factors of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events. Results A total of 4,471 cases of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events were identified, with 318 neurological adverse events being documented, among which 87 adverse events satisfied the thresholds of four methodologies. The median time-to-onset of oxaliplatin-associated neurological adverse events was 2 days (interquartile range 0-36 days). Among the factors significantly influencing oxaliplatin-related neurological adverse events, male sex and combination medication decreased the risk of neurological adverse events, while higher cumulative dose increased the risk. Conclusion The real-world neurotoxicity spectrum of oxaliplatin and its characteristics and influencing factors were obtained through data mining of FAERS, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals to effectively manage the risk of neurological adverse events associated with oxaliplatin in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangtian Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiling Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yamin Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Barathan M, Zulpa AK, Ng SL, Lokanathan Y, Ng MH, Law JX. Innovative Strategies to Combat 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: The Role of Phytochemicals and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7470. [PMID: 39000577 PMCID: PMC11242358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health challenge, with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance being a major obstacle to effective treatment. Despite advancements, resistance to 5-FU remains formidable due to complex mechanisms such as alterations in drug transport, evasion of apoptosis, dysregulation of cell cycle dynamics, tumor microenvironment (TME) interactions, and extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated resistance pathways. Traditional chemotherapy often results in high toxicity, highlighting the need for alternative approaches with better efficacy and safety. Phytochemicals (PCs) and EVs offer promising CRC therapeutic strategies. PCs, derived from natural sources, often exhibit lower toxicity and can target multiple pathways involved in cancer progression and drug resistance. EVs can facilitate targeted drug delivery, modulate the immune response, and interact with the TME to sensitize cancer cells to treatment. However, the potential of PCs and engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance and reshaping the immunosuppressive TME in CRC remains underexplored. Addressing this gap is crucial for identifying innovative therapies with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicities. This review explores the multifaceted mechanisms of 5-FU resistance in CRC and evaluates the synergistic effects of combining PCs with 5-FU to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Additionally, it investigates engineered EVs in overcoming 5-FU resistance by serving as drug delivery vehicles and modulating the TME. By synthesizing the current knowledge and addressing research gaps, this review enhances the academic understanding of 5-FU resistance in CRC, highlighting the potential of interdisciplinary approaches involving PCs and EVs for revolutionizing CRC therapy. Further research and clinical validation are essential for translating these findings into improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttiah Barathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Khusairy Zulpa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sook Luan Ng
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Han B, Sun M, Zhao Y, Baranova A, Cao H, Liu S, Shen X, Hou L, Fang J, Lian M. Genetic predisposition to milder forms of COVID-19 may provide some resilience to head and neck cancers. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1384061. [PMID: 39040446 PMCID: PMC11260674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1384061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on head and neck cancer (HNC) has been suggested, but the causal relationship remains unclear. Methods We explore this connection by utilizing the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach applied to publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets for COVID-19 and HNC. The datasets included critical COVID-19 (13,769 cases, 1,072,442 controls), hospitalized COVID-19 (32,519 cases, 2,062,805 controls), SARS-CoV-2 infection (122,616 cases, 2,475,240 controls), and HNC (2,131 cases, 287,137 controls). Mechanistic underpinnings of the causal relationships identified by MR analysis were explored through functional annotation augmented by AI-based literature data mining. Results Surprisingly, a genetic predisposition to contracting a milder form of COVID-19 substantially reduced the risks of developing HNC (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.35-0.78, p = 1.42E-03), with no significant association between genetic liability to severe COVID-19 and the risk of HNC detected. Additionally, our findings highlighted 14 genes linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, potentially playing a protective role in the context of HNC. These genes include OAS1, LOC107985887, BCL11A, DPP9, LOC107984685, LINC02326, MUC4, NXPE3, IFNAR2, LZTFL1, LOC105372437, NAPSA, LOC105376622, LOC107986082, and SLC6A20. Conclusion Our study emphasizes the protective role of the genetic liability to milder COVID-19 in reducing the risk of HNC while refuting a causal relationship between severe COVID-19 and HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghong Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanming Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, United States
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hongbao Cao
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, United States
| | - Shaokun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Demidova A, Douguet L, Fert I, Wei Y, Charneau P, Majlessi L. Comparison of preclinical efficacy of immunotherapies against HPV-induced cancers. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:674-687. [PMID: 38978164 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2374287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent infections with the human papilloma viruses, HPV16 and HPV18, are associated with multiple cancers. Although prophylactic vaccines that induce HPV-neutralizing antibodies are effective against primary infections, they have no effect on HPV-mediated malignancies against which there is no approved immuno-therapy. Active research is ongoing on immunotherapy of these cancers. AREAS COVERED In this review, we compared the preclinical efficacy of vaccine platforms used to treat HPV-induced tumors in the standard model of mice grafted with TC-1 cells, which express the HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins. We searched for the key words, 'HPV,' 'vaccine,' 'therapy,' 'E7,' 'tumor,' 'T cells' and 'mice' for the period from 2005 to 2023 in PubMed and found 330 publications. Among them, we selected the most relevant to extract preclinical antitumor results to enable cross-sectional comparison of their efficacy. EXPERT OPINION SECTION We compared these studies for HPV antigen design, immunization regimen, immunogenicity, and antitumor effect, considering their drawbacks and advantages. Among all strategies used in murine models, certain adjuvanted proteins and viral vectors showed the strongest antitumor effects, with the use of lentiviral vectors being the only approach to result in complete tumor eradication in 100% of experimental individuals while providing the longest-lasting memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Demidova
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Laëtitia Douguet
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Yu Wei
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Virology Department, Paris, France
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Yee EJ, Ziogas IA, Moris DP, Torphy RJ, Mungo B, Gleisner AL, Del Chiaro M, Schulick RD. Cholangiocarcinoma of the Middle Bile Duct: A Narrative Review. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-15567-4. [PMID: 38972927 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Resectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) arising from the middle of the extrahepatic biliary tree has historically been classified as perihilar or distal CCA, depending on the operation contemplated or performed, namely the associated hepatectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy, respectively. Segmental bile duct resection is a less invasive alternative for select patients harboring true middle extrahepatic CCA (MCC). A small, yet growing body of literature has emerged detailing institutional experiences with bile duct resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy or concomitant hepatectomy for MCC. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, preoperative evaluation, and emerging systemic therapies for MCC, and narratively review the existing work comparing segmental resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy or less commonly, hepatectomy, for MCC, with emphasis on the surgical management and oncologic implications of the approach used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott J Yee
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ioannis A Ziogas
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dimitrios P Moris
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Torphy
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benedetto Mungo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ana L Gleisner
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marco Del Chiaro
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard D Schulick
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Silva AAR, Cardoso MR, de Oliveira DC, Godoy P, Talarico MCR, Gutiérrez JM, Rodrigues Peres RM, de Carvalho LM, Miyaguti NADS, Sarian LO, Tata A, Derchain SFM, Porcari AM. Plasma Metabolome Signatures to Predict Responsiveness to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2473. [PMID: 39001535 PMCID: PMC11240312 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has arisen as a treatment option for breast cancer (BC). However, the response to NACT is still unpredictable and dependent on cancer subtype. Metabolomics is a tool for predicting biomarkers and chemotherapy response. We used plasma to verify metabolomic alterations in BC before NACT, relating to clinical data. METHODS Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed on pre-NACT plasma from patients with BC (n = 75). After data filtering, an SVM model for classification was built and validated with 75%/25% of the data, respectively. RESULTS The model composed of 19 identified metabolites effectively predicted NACT response for training/validation sets with high sensitivity (95.4%/93.3%), specificity (91.6%/100.0%), and accuracy (94.6%/94.7%). In both sets, the panel correctly classified 95% of resistant and 94% of sensitive females. Most compounds identified by the model were lipids and amino acids and revealed pathway alterations related to chemoresistance. CONCLUSION We developed a model for predicting patient response to NACT. These metabolite panels allow clinical gain by building precision medicine strategies based on tumor stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Ap. Rosini Silva
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Marcella R. Cardoso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic and Breast Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP—Universidade Estadual de Campinas), Campinas 13083881, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Danilo Cardoso de Oliveira
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Pedro Godoy
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Maria Cecília R. Talarico
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic and Breast Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP—Universidade Estadual de Campinas), Campinas 13083881, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Junier Marrero Gutiérrez
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Raquel M. Rodrigues Peres
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Lucas M. de Carvalho
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Angelo da Silva Miyaguti
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
| | - Luis O. Sarian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic and Breast Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP—Universidade Estadual de Campinas), Campinas 13083881, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Tata
- Laboratory of Experimental Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Viale Fiume 78, 36100 Vicenza, Italy;
| | - Sophie F. M. Derchain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic and Breast Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP—Universidade Estadual de Campinas), Campinas 13083881, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia M. Porcari
- MSLife Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Av. São Francisco de Assis, 218, Sala 211, Prédio 5, Bragança Paulista 12916900, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.R.S.); (D.C.d.O.)
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Le Clainche C, Marsaudon A, Rochaix L, Haon B, Vergnaud JC. Do Behavioral Characteristics Influence the Breast Cancer Diagnosis Delay? Evidence From French Retrospective Data. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024:S1098-3015(24)02747-5. [PMID: 38977186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the behavioral determinants of breast cancer (BC) diagnosis delays in France. To do so, we investigated whether time discounting, risk tolerance, and personality traits influenced the BC diagnosis delay of patients. METHODS We used original retrospective data collected on 2 large online patient networks from 402 women diagnosed of BC. The BC diagnosis delay was measured by the difference between the date of diagnosis and the date of first symptoms. Time discounting and risk tolerance are measured with both self-reported questions and hypothetical lotteries. Personality traits are measured with the 10-item Big Five indicator. Ordinary least square and probit models were used to analyze whether these behavioral characteristics influenced the BC diagnosis delay. RESULTS Results showed that risk tolerance and time discounting were not significantly associated with the BC diagnosis delay. However, we found a longer diagnosis delay for women with a neuroticism personality trait (standardized coefficients ranged from 0.104 [P-value = .036] to 0.090 [P-value = .065]). CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings underline the need for an increased consideration of cancer screening public health policy for women with mental vulnerabilities since such vulnerabilities were found to be highly correlated with a neuroticism personality trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Le Clainche
- CNRS, IESEG School of Management, UMR 9221 - LEM - Lille Economie Management, Lille University, Lille, France.
| | - Antoine Marsaudon
- Institute for Research and Information in Health Economics (Irdes), Paris, France
| | - Lise Rochaix
- Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne University and Hospinnomics (Greater Paris University Hospitals and Paris School of Economics Research Chair), Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Haon
- Hospinnomics (Greater Paris University Hospitals and Paris School of Economics Research Chair), Paris, France
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Jun S, Shukla NA, Durm G, Hui AB, Cao S, Ganti AK, Jabbour SK, Kunder C, Alizadeh AA, Hanna NH, Diehn M. Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA Predicts Outcomes of Short-Course Consolidation Immunotherapy in Unresectable Stage III NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2024:S1556-0864(24)00664-6. [PMID: 38971369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current standard of care for patients with inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer includes chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by 1 year of checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy. Nevertheless, the optimal duration of consolidation CPI remains unknown. Here, we characterized the relationship between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) and clinical outcomes of patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated on a phase 2 trial of short-course consolidation immunotherapy after CRT, with the goal of testing whether ctDNA may be able to identify patients who do not require a full year of treatment. METHODS Plasma samples for ctDNA analysis were collected from patients on the Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium LUN 16-081 trial after completion of CRT, before day 1 of cycle 2 (C2D1) of CPI (i.e., 1 mo after treatment start), and at the end of up to 6 months of treatment. Tumor-informed ctDNA MRD analysis was performed using cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing. Levels of ctDNA at each time point were correlated with clinical outcomes. RESULTS Detection of ctDNA predicted significantly inferior progression-free survival after completion of CRT (24-mo 29% versus 65%, p = 0.0048), before C2D1 of CPI (24-mo 0% versus 72%, p < 0.0001) and at the end of CPI (24-mo 15% versus 67%, p = 0.0011). In addition, patients with decreasing or undetectable ctDNA levels after 1 cycle of CPI had improved outcomes compared with patients with increasing ctDNA levels (24-mo progression-free survival 72% versus 0%, p < 0.0001). Progression of disease occurred within less than 12 months of starting CPI in all patients with increasing ctDNA levels at C2D1. CONCLUSIONS Detection of ctDNA before, during, or after 6 months of consolidation CPI is strongly associated with inferior outcomes. Our findings suggest that analysis of ctDNA MRD may enable personalizing the duration of consolidation immunotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeong Jun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Nikhil A Shukla
- Community Hospital Oncology Physicians, Community Health Network MD Anderson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Greg Durm
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Angela B Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sha Cao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Christian Kunder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ash A Alizadeh
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Nasser H Hanna
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Maximilian Diehn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
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Yoshida S, Takeshita Y, Kawazu T, Hisatomi M, Okada S, Fujikura M, Obata K, Takabatake K, Yoshida S, Asaumi J. Central dentinogenic ghost cell tumor of the maxilla: a case report with new imaging findings and review of the literature. Oral Radiol 2024:10.1007/s11282-024-00764-4. [PMID: 38969864 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-024-00764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
A dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that commonly shows characteristics of solid proliferation and has a relatively high risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. We herein report a case of a central DGCT that occurred in the maxilla and resulted in bone expansion. This study highlights new imaging findings (particularly magnetic resonance imaging) along with histopathological observations. In addition, we conducted a review of the existing literature on this rare tumor. A 37-year-old man developed swelling around the right cheek. A benign odontogenic tumor such as ameloblastoma was suspected based on the imaging examination findings (including bone expansion and the internal characteristics of the tumor) on panoramic imaging, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was surgically excised from the right maxilla. Postoperative histopathological examination led to a definitive diagnosis of central DGCT. The tumor comprised epithelial neoplastic islands, resembling ameloblastoma, inside tight fibroconnective tissue; masses of ghost cells and formation of dentin were also observed. We had suspected that the minute high-density region around the molars on the imaging examinations represented alveolar bone change; however, it represented dentin formation. This led to difficulty diagnosing the lesion. Although DGCT may present characteristic findings on imaging examinations, its occurrence is infrequent, and in some cases, the findings may include the presence or absence of an impacted tooth without obvious calcification. The present case suggests that we should consider the possibility of an odontogenic tumor with calcification when high-density structures are observed inside the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuka Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yohei Takeshita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kawazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Miki Hisatomi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Okada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mamiko Fujikura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Obata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Takabatake
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Saori Yoshida
- Preliminary Examination Room, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junichi Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Webb LM, Webb MJ, Campian JL, Caron SJ, Ruff MW, Uhm JH, Sener U. A case series of osseous metastases in patients with glioblastoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38794. [PMID: 38968484 PMCID: PMC11224798 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracranial metastases occur in <2% of cases of glioblastoma (GBM). When metastases do occur, bone is the most common destination. Herein, we review clinical characteristics of GBM patients with osseous metastases and evaluate both potential risk factors and prognostic significance. METHODS Using an institutional database, we identified and retrospectively analyzed 6 patients with both GBM and osseous metastases. We collected data on patient demographics, tumor genetics, clinical courses, and outcomes. Given the rarity of metastatic GBM, we conducted historical comparisons using previously published literature. RESULTS Five patients with osseous metastases (83%) were male, with a median age of 46 years at GBM diagnosis (range: 20-84). All patients had IDH-wildtype, MGMT promoter unmethylated GBM and 5 (83%) had alterations in TP53. All patients underwent surgical resection for GBM followed by radiation with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide. Four patients (67%) received bevacizumab prior to bone metastasis diagnosis. Bone metastases were discovered at a median of 12.2 months (range: 5.3-35.2) after GBM diagnosis and 4.8 months after starting bevacizumab (range: 3.5-13.2). Three patients (50%) received immunotherapy. After osseous metastasis diagnosis, the median survival was 25 days (range: 13-225). CONCLUSION In our cohort, most patients were male and young at the time of GBM diagnosis. All patients had IDH-wildtype, MGMT promoter unmethylated GBM, and most had alterations in TP53, which may be important for osseous metastasis. Most patients received bevacizumab, which has been associated with earlier metastasis. Osseous metastases of GBM occur and portend a dismal prognosis in an already aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mason J. Webb
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jian L. Campian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samantha J. Caron
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael W. Ruff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joon H. Uhm
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ugur Sener
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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261
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Shrivastava R, Gandhi P, Sorte SK, Shrivastava A. Characterizing the Linkage of Systemic Hypoxia and Angiogenesis in High-Grade Glioma to Define the Changes in Tumor Microenvironment for Predicting Prognosis. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:63. [PMID: 38967861 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGG) comprising WHO grades 3 and 4 have a poor overall survival (OS) that has not improved in the past decade. Herein, markers representing four components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) were identified to define their linked expression in TME and predict the prognosis in HGG, namely, interleukin6 (IL6, inflammation), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), heat shock protein-70 (HSP70, hypoxia), vascular endothelial growth receptor (VEGF), and endothelin1 (ET1) (angiogenesis) and matrix metalloprotease-14 (MMP14) and intercellular adhesion molecule1 (ICAM1, extracellular matrix). To establish a non-invasive panel of biomarkers for precise prognostication in HGG. Eighty-six therapy-naive HGG patients with 45 controls were analyzed for the defined panel. Systemic expression of extracellular/secretory biomarkers was screened dot-immune assay (DIA), quantified by ELISA, and validated by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Expression of iNOS, HSP70, IL-6, VEGF, ET1, MMP14, and ICAM1 was found to be positively associated with grade. Quantification of circulating levels of the markers by ELISA and ICC presented a similar result. The biomarkers were observed to negatively correlate with OS (p < 0.0001). Cox-regression analysis yielded all biomarkers as good prognostic indicators and independent of confounders. On applying combination statistics, the biomarker panel achieved higher sensitivity than single markers to define survival. The intra-association of all seven biomarkers was significant, hinting of a cross-talk between the TME components and a hypoxia driven systemic inflammation upregulating the expression of other components. This is a first ever experimental study of a marker panel that can distinguish between histopathological grades and also delineate differential survival using liquid biopsy, suggesting that markers of hypoxia can be a cornerstone for personalized therapy. The panel of biomarkers of iNOS, HSP70, IL-6, VEGF, ET1, MMP14, and ICAM1 holds promise for prognostication in HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Shrivastava
- Department of Research and Training, ICMR-Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, 462038, M.P, India
| | - Puneet Gandhi
- Department of Research and Training, ICMR-Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, 462038, M.P, India.
| | - Sandeep K Sorte
- Department of Neurosurgery, ICMR-Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Raisen Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462038, M.P, India
| | - Adesh Shrivastava
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, 462024, M.P, India
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262
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Pete D, Salama NR, Lampe JW, Wu MC, Phipps AI. The prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection and cagA virulence gene carriage in adults in the Navajo Nation. MICROBIOTA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2024; 6:e1007. [PMID: 39071941 PMCID: PMC11282893 DOI: 10.26355/mhd_20247_1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Background American Indian and Alaska Native people in the United States experience high rates of stomach cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant risk factor for stomach cancer, and H. pylori strains that carry the cagA gene are linked to greater gastrointestinal disease severity. Yet, little is known about H. pylori and cagA infections in American Indian and Alaska Native people, particularly at the tribal level. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage in tribal members from the Navajo Nation. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with adults from the Navajo Nation. Stool samples collected from participants were analyzed with droplet digital PCR for H. pylori 16S ribosomal and cagA virulence genes. Self-administered health and food questionnaires were mailed to participants to collect information on sociodemographic, health, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors for H. pylori infection. Logistic regression assessed the association between risk factors and H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage. Results Among 99 adults, the median age was 45 (age range: 18 to 79 years), and 73.7% were female. About 56.6% (95% CI: 46.2-66.5) of participants were infected with H. pylori. Of H. pylori-infected participants, 78.6% (95% CI: 65.6-88.4) were cagA-gene positive. No significant associations of relevant risk factors with H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections were noted. Conclusions In a community-based study population, a substantial proportion of adult tribal members had H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections. Given these high proportions, culturally appropriate prevention strategies and interventions addressing H. pylori infections present an avenue for additional research and stomach cancer prevention in the Navajo Nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dornell Pete
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Nina R Salama
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael C Wu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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263
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Wang Y, Wang T, Zhang Y. A Case Report of Pathologically Complete Response of a Huge Lymph Node Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer After Treatment with Intratumoral Oncolytic Virus H101 and Capecitabine. Immunotargets Ther 2024; 13:343-348. [PMID: 38978969 PMCID: PMC11230130 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s470018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Unresectable recurrent lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as an incurable disease clinically and has a very poor prognosis. Here, we report a male KRAS wild-type CRC case with a huge abdominal lymph node metastasis (12 cm in diameter) after CRC surgery. After three intratumoral injections of oncolytic virus (H101) combined with four cycles of low-dose oral capecitabine, the size of the metastatic lymph node shrank remarkably in response to the anticancer drug and a complete response (CR) was achieved with progression-free survival (PFS) of 19 months. The main adverse reaction was mild fever, which was relieved after physical cooling. The patient is in a general good condition now without any relapse of abdominal lymph node for over a year. On this basis, we propose that the combination therapy of oncolytic virus and capecitabine could be a promising clinical therapeutic strategy for unresectable recurrent lymph node metastasis in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wang
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuewei Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People’s Republic of China
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264
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Goodwin RM, Utz RL, Elmore CE, Ornstein KA, Tay DL, Ellington L, Smith KR, Stephens CE. Leveraging Existing Datasets to Advance Family Caregiving Research: Opportunities to Measure What Matters. J Aging Soc Policy 2024; 36:562-580. [PMID: 38627368 PMCID: PMC11141766 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2024.2320043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
More than 17.7 million people in the U.S. care for older adults. Analyzing population datasets can increase our understanding of the needs of family caregivers of older adults. We reviewed 14 U.S. population-based datasets (2003-2023) including older adults' and caregivers' data to assess inclusion and measurement of 8 caregiving science domains, with a focus on whether measures were validated and/or unique variables were used. Challenges exist related to survey design, sampling, and measurement. Findings highlight the need for consistent data collection by researchers, state, tribal, local, and federal programs, for improved utility of population-based datasets for caregiving and aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Goodwin
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Utz
- College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Consortium for Families & Health Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Center on Aging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family Caregiving Collaborative – Utah Caregiving Population Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | - Djin L. Tay
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Lee Ellington
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Consortium for Families & Health Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Center on Aging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family Caregiving Collaborative – Utah Caregiving Population Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ken R. Smith
- College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family Caregiving Collaborative – Utah Caregiving Population Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Caroline E. Stephens
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Consortium for Families & Health Research, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Center on Aging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
- Family Caregiving Collaborative – Utah Caregiving Population Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
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265
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Afzal MZ, Vahdat LT. Evolving Management of Breast Cancer in the Era of Predictive Biomarkers and Precision Medicine. J Pers Med 2024; 14:719. [PMID: 39063972 PMCID: PMC11278458 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world as well as in the United States. Molecular and histological differentiation have helped clinicians optimize treatments with various therapeutics, including hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy. Recently, immunotherapy has become the standard of care in locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer and an option across molecular subtypes for tumors with a high tumor mutation burden. Despite the advancements in personalized medicine directing the management of localized and advanced breast cancers, the emergence of resistance to these therapies is the leading cause of death among breast cancer patients. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify and validate predictive biomarkers to direct treatment selection, identify potential responders, and detect emerging resistance to standard therapies. Areas of active scientific and clinical research include novel personalized and predictive biomarkers incorporating tumor microenvironment, tumor immune profiling, molecular characterization, and histopathological differentiation to predict response and the potential emergence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair Afzal
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Breast Program, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
| | - Linda T. Vahdat
- Medical Oncology and Hematology (Interim), Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA;
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266
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Duaa SU, Fatima E, Qureshi Z. Pamiparib, a novel intervention with anti-neoplastic activity for the treatment of glioblastoma. Am J Med Sci 2024:S0002-9629(24)01341-7. [PMID: 38969284 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Ul Duaa
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Eeshal Fatima
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Zaheer Qureshi
- The Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA
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267
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Kaplan Ö, Gökşen Tosun N. Molecular pathway of anticancer effect of next-generation HSP90 inhibitors XL-888 and Debio0932 in neuroblastoma cell line. Med Oncol 2024; 41:194. [PMID: 38958814 PMCID: PMC11222184 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a common nervous system tumor in childhood, and current treatments are not adequate. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of cancer-related proteins. HSP90 inhibition may exert anticancer effects by targeting cancer-related processes such as tumor growth, cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. Therefore, HSP90 inhibition is a promising strategy in the treatment of various types of cancer, and the development of next-generation inhibitors could potentially lead to more effective and safer treatments. XL-888 and Debio0932 is a next-generation HSP90 inhibitor and can inhibit the correct folding and stabilization of client proteins that cancer-associated HSP90 helps to fold correctly. In this study, we aimed to investigate the comprehensive molecular pathways of the anticancer activity of XL-888 and Debio0932 in human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y. The cytotoxic effects of XL-888 and Debio0932 on the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Then, the effect of these HSP90 inhibitors on the expression of important genes in cancer was revealed by Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) method. The qRT-PCR data were evaluated using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) biological process tools. Finally, the effect of HSP90 inhibitors on HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 protein expression was investigated by Western blotting analysis. The results revealed that XL-888 and Debio0932 had a role in regulating many cancer-related pathways such as migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, it shows that HSP90 inhibitors can be considered as a promising candidate in the treatment of neuroblastoma and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Kaplan
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Rafet Kayış Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Türkiye.
| | - Nazan Gökşen Tosun
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat Vocational School of Health Services, Tokat, Türkiye.
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268
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Cysneiros MADPC, Cirqueira MB, Barbosa LDF, Chaves de Oliveira Ê, Morais LK, Wastowski IJ, Floriano VG. Immune cells and checkpoints in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Association with clinical and pathological characteristics. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305648. [PMID: 38954689 PMCID: PMC11218951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an extremely aggressive neoplasm, with many challenges to be overcome in order to achieve a truly effective treatment. It is characterized by a mostly immunosuppressed environment, with dysfunctional immune cells and active immunoinhibitory pathways that favor tumor evasion and progression. Thus, the study and understanding of the tumor microenvironment and the various cells subtypes and their functional capacities are essential to achieve more effective treatments, especially with the use of new immunotherapeutics. METHODS Seventy cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma divided into two groups 43 with resectable disease and 27 with unresectable disease were analyzed using immunohistochemical methods regarding the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), and human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) molecules as well as the populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and M2 macrophages (MM2). Several statistical tests, including multivariate analyses, were performed to examine how those immune cells and immunoinhibitory molecules impact the evolution and prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. RESULTS CD8+ T lymphocytes and M2 macrophages predominated in the group operated on, and PD-L2 expression predominated in the unresectable group. PD-L2 was associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, and clinical staging, while in survival analysis, PD-L2 and HLA-G were associated with a shorter survival. In the inoperable cases, Tregs cells, MM2, PD-L1, PD-L2, and HLA-G were positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS PD-L2 and HLA-G expression correlated with worse survival in the cases studied. Tumor microenvironment was characterized by a tolerant and immunosuppressed pattern, mainly in unresectable lesions, where a broad positive influence was observed between immunoinhibitory cells and immune checkpoint proteins expressed by tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magno Belém Cirqueira
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Support Division of Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucio Kenny Morais
- Surgery Department of Medicine College, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor Gonçalves Floriano
- Clinics Department of Medicine College, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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269
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Lei J, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Zhou Z, Mao L, Liu Y. Nanotechnology as a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. J Cancer 2024; 15:4643-4655. [PMID: 39006067 PMCID: PMC11242339 DOI: 10.7150/jca.96859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), and is characterized by high aggressiveness and a high recurrence rate. Currently, the main treatments for gliomas include surgical resection, temozolomide chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the prognosis of glioma patients after active standardized treatment is still poor, especially for glioblastoma (GBM); the median survival is still only 14.6 months, and the 5-year survival rate is only 4-5%. The current challenges in glioma treatment include difficulty in complete surgical resection, poor blood‒brain barrier (BBB) drug permeability, therapeutic resistance, and difficulty in tumor-specific targeting. In recent years, the rapid development of nanotechnology has provided new directions for diagnosing and treating gliomas. Nanoparticles (NPs) are characterized by excellent surface tunability, precise targeting, excellent biocompatibility, and high safety. In addition, NPs can be used for gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, and antiangiogenic therapy and can be combined with biomaterials for thermotherapy. In recent decades, breakthroughs in diagnosing and treating gliomas have been made with various functional NPs, and NPs are expected to become a new strategy for glioma diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we review the main obstacles in the treatment of glioma and discuss the potential and challenges of the latest nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District (West China Airport Hospital of Sichuan University), Chengdu 610200, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiyang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yichuan Zhao
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District (West China Airport Hospital of Sichuan University), Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Lei Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District (West China Airport Hospital of Sichuan University), Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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270
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Liu S, Wang P, Wang P, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Pan Y, Pan J. Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer: its implication as a prognostic and predictive liver metastasis biomarker. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:176. [PMID: 38954030 PMCID: PMC11219596 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells (CD103+CD8+ TRMs) are important components of anti-tumor immunity. However, the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their advantages remain unclear. METHODS Clinical data and specimens were used to evaluate the significance of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in CRC. A mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis model and colony-formation assay were conducted to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. Finally, the infiltration density and function of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in the tumors were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS In this study, we showed that highly infiltrated CD103+CD8+ TRMs were associated with earlier clinical stage and negative VEGF expression in CRC patients and predicted a favorable prognosis for CRC/CRC liver metastases patients. Interestingly, we also found that CD103+CD8+ TRMs may have predictive potential for whether CRC develops liver metastasis in CRC. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the ratio of the number of α-SMA+ vessels to the sum of the number of α-SMA+ and CD31+ vessels in CRC, and the infiltration level of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. In addition, anti-angiogenic therapy promoted infiltration of CD103+CD8+ TRMs and enhanced their ability to secrete interferon (IFN)-γ, thus further improving the anti-tumor effect. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that compared with peripheral blood CD8+ T cells, CD103+CD8+ TRMs infused back into the body could also further promote CD8+ T cells to infiltrate the tumor, and they had a stronger ability to secrete IFN-γ, which resulted in better anti-tumor effects. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that CD103+CD8+ TRMs have the potential for clinical applications and provide new ideas for combined anti-tumor therapeutic strategies, such as anti-tumor angiogenesis therapy and CAR-T combined immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Penglin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Peize Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, 517000, China.
| | - Yunlong Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jinghua Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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271
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Frühling P, Moberg L, Ghanipour L, Birgisson H, Graf W, Ericsson C, Cashin PH. Clinical Significance of Circulating Tumor Cells in Epithelial Appendiceal Neoplasms with Peritoneal Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2441. [PMID: 39001503 PMCID: PMC11240500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Appendiceal tumors are uncommon and, at times, discovered incidentally during histological examination. The histopathological classification of the disease is complex and has generated some controversy. The analysis of circulating tumor cells can be used for the early detection of metastatic potential. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in patients with appendiceal tumors and peritoneal metastases. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine CTCs in appendiceal tumors. We performed a prospective cohort study of consecutive patients treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy between 2015 and 2019 at a HIPEC referral center. In total, 31 patients were included in the analysis, and circulating tumor cells were detected in 15 patients (48%). CTC positivity was not associated with overall or recurrence-free survival, nor was it correlated with PCI score or histopathological grading. Surprisingly, however, CTCs were found in almost half the patients. The presence or quantities of these cells did not, on their own, predict systemic metastatic potential during the observed time, and they did not appear to significantly correlate with the oncological outcomes recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Frühling
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Louice Moberg
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lana Ghanipour
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi Birgisson
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wilhelm Graf
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Ericsson
- iCellate Medical AB, KI Science Park, Industrivägen 1, 171 48 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum 8 C, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter H Cashin
- Uppsala Sweden and Department of Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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272
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Watson L, Link C, Qi S, DeIure A, Chmielewski L, Hildebrand A, Barbera L. Designing and Validating a Comprehensive Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure for Ambulatory Cancer Settings: The Revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System for Cancer. JCO Oncol Pract 2024:OP2400088. [PMID: 38954778 DOI: 10.1200/op.24.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) information has been routinely collected in Cancer Care Alberta (CCA) for years using the revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r) and Canadian Problem Checklist (CPC). There was interest in combining these into a more comprehensive single measure tailored to ambulatory cancer settings. The purpose of this study was to validate an expanded and redesigned ESAS-r called the ESAS-r Cancer. METHODS Stakeholder engagement, a review of the literature, and 2 years of CPC data collected in the cancer program informed the addition of six symptoms to the ESAS-r. To assess and validate the measure, 1,600 randomly sampled patients were mailed paper copies of the ESAS-r Cancer, ESAS-r, and a validated, comprehensive PRO measure called the Memorial System Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF), which is often used with patients with cancer. Canonical Correlation Analysis and exploratory factor analyses were performed to assess concurrent and construct validity of the ESAS-r Cancer against ESAS-r, using MSAS-SF as the reference measure for comparison. Cronbach α was calculated to assess reliability. RESULTS Four hundred and sixty-one patients (29% response rate) completed all three questionnaires. ESAS-r Cancer showed higher numerical correlation than ESAS-r and accounted for more information included on MSAS-SF, explaining slightly more variance than ESAS-r (75.2% v 73.5%). The three-dimensional factor structure of ESAS-r Cancer outperformed the two-dimensional factor structure of ESAS-r. The reliability of ESAS-r Cancer was verified and found to be slightly higher than ESAS-r (Cronbach α = .903 v .884). CONCLUSION ESAS-r Cancer is now in use with patients throughout CCA. This valid and reliable PRO measure can be used by other cancer or specialized health care programs who wish to routinely assess common symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Watson
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Claire Link
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Siwei Qi
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea DeIure
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lindsi Chmielewski
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - April Hildebrand
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Supportive Care Services and Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lisa Barbera
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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273
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High P, Guernsey C, Subramanian S, Jacob J, Carmon KS. The Evolving Paradigm of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting the ErbB/HER Family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:890. [PMID: 39065587 PMCID: PMC11279420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Current therapies targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are limited by drug resistance and systemic toxicities. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one of the most rapidly expanding classes of anti-cancer therapeutics with 13 presently approved by the FDA. Importantly, ADCs represent a promising therapeutic option with the potential to overcome traditional HER-targeted therapy resistance by delivering highly potent cytotoxins specifically to HER-overexpressing cancer cells and exerting both mAb- and payload-mediated antitumor efficacy. The clinical utility of HER-targeted ADCs is exemplified by the immense success of HER2-targeted ADCs including trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan. Still, strategies to improve upon existing HER2-targeted ADCs as well as the development of ADCs against other HER family members, particularly EGFR and HER3, are of great interest. To date, no HER4-targeting ADCs have been reported. In this review, we extensively detail clinical-stage EGFR-, HER2-, and HER3-targeting monospecific ADCs as well as novel clinical and pre-clinical bispecific ADCs (bsADCs) directed against this receptor family. We close by discussing nascent trends in the development of HER-targeting ADCs, including novel ADC payloads and HER ligand-targeted ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton High
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cara Guernsey
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shraddha Subramanian
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joan Jacob
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Kendra S. Carmon
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (P.H.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (J.J.)
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274
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Elsayed A, Plüss L, Nideroest L, Rotta G, Thoma M, Zangger N, Peissert F, Pfister SK, Pellegrino C, Dakhel Plaza S, De Luca R, Manz MG, Oxenius A, Puca E, Halin C, Neri D. Optimizing the Design and Geometry of T Cell-Engaging Bispecific Antibodies Targeting CEA in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:1010-1020. [PMID: 38638035 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a 5-year survival rate of only 15%. T cell-engaging bispecific antibodies (TCBs) represent a class of biopharmaceuticals that redirect cytotoxic T cells toward tumor cells, thereby turning immunologically "cold" tumors into "hot" ones. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an attractive tumor-associated antigen that is overexpressed in more than 98% of patients with colorectal cancer. In this study, we report the comparison of four different TCB formats employing the antibodies F4 (targeting human CEA) and 2C11 (targeting mouse CD3ε). These formats include both antibody fragment-based and IgG-based constructs, with either one or two binding specificities of the respective antibodies. The 2 + 1 arrangement, using an anti-CEA single-chain diabody fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment, emerged as the most potent design, showing tumor killing at subnanomolar concentrations across three different CEA+ cell lines. The in vitro activity was three times greater in C57BL/6 mouse colon adenocarcinoma cells (MC38) expressing high levels of CEA compared with those expressing low levels, highlighting the impact of CEA density in this assay. The optimal TCB candidate was tested in two different immunocompetent mouse models of colorectal cancer and showed tumor growth retardation. Ex vivo analysis of tumor infiltrates showed an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells upon TCB treatment. This study suggests that bivalent tumor targeting, monovalent T-cell targeting, and a short spatial separation are promising characteristics for CEA-targeting TCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Elsayed
- Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Louis Plüss
- Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Nideroest
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Marina Thoma
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Zangger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Christian Pellegrino
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich (CCCZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich (CCCZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Oxenius
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Cornelia Halin
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
- Philogen SpA, Siena, Italy
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275
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Shukla N, Shah K, Rathore D, Soni K, Shah J, Vora H, Dave H. Androgen receptor: Structure, signaling, function and potential drug discovery biomarker in different breast cancer subtypes. Life Sci 2024; 348:122697. [PMID: 38710280 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The Androgen Receptor (AR) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC), which is the most common malignancy worldwide. >70 % of AR expression in primary and metastatic breast tumors has been observed which suggests that AR may be a new marker and a potential therapeutic target among AR-positive BC patients. Biological insight into AR-positive breast cancer reveals that AR may cross-talk with several vital signaling pathways, including key molecules and receptors. Downstream signaling of AR might also affect many clinically important pathways that are emerging as clinical targets in BC. AR exhibits different behaviors depending on the breast cancer molecular subtype. Preliminary clinical research using AR-targeted drugs, which have already been FDA-approved for prostate cancer (PC), has given promising results for AR-positive breast cancer patients. However, since AR positivity's prognostic and predictive value remains uncertain, it is difficult to identify and stratify patients who would benefit from AR-targeted therapies alone. Thus, the need of the hour is to target the androgen receptor as a monotherapy or in combination with other conventional therapies which has proven to be an effective clinical strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer patients, and these therapeutic strategies are increasingly being investigated in breast cancer. Therefore, in this manuscript, we review the role of AR in various cellular processes that promote tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, in different subtypes of breast cancer, as well as discuss ongoing efforts to target AR for the more effective treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirali Shukla
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Kanisha Shah
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Deepshikha Rathore
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Kinal Soni
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Jigna Shah
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Hemangini Vora
- The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380016, India
| | - Heena Dave
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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276
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Shukla R, Tsuchiya Y, Behari A, Ikoma T, Nakamura K, Kapoor VK. Metagenomic Analysis of Biliary Microbial Flora in Patients with Gallbladder Cancer or Gallstones-Associated Chronic Cholecystitis. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:478-490. [PMID: 38845533 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2361305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Biliary dysbiosis is associated with gallbladder cancer (GBC). We aimed to look for biliary bacteria specifically detected in GBC patients. We used 16S rRNA-based metagenomic analysis to elucidate biliary microbiota in 30 GBC and 30 gallstones-associated chronic cholecystitis patients. Relative abundance of five genera, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Halomonas, Escherichia and Caulobacter was significantly associated with GBC. Of 15-species, 7 were detected significantly higher in GBC, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus intermedius, Actinomyces bowdenii, Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, and Escherichia fergusonii were biosafety level-2 infectious bacteria; other 8 species were biosafety level-1 bacteria. These bacterial species may be involved in pathogenesis of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnakar Shukla
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yasuo Tsuchiya
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Anu Behari
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Toshikazu Ikoma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Vinay K Kapoor
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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277
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Karius A, Leifeld LM, Strnad V, Fietkau R, Bert C. First implementation of an innovative infra-red camera system integrated into a mobile CBCT scanner for applicator tracking in brachytherapy-Initial performance characterization. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2024; 25:e14364. [PMID: 38626753 PMCID: PMC11244686 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To enable a real-time applicator guidance for brachytherapy, we used for the first time infra-red tracking cameras (OptiTrack, USA) integrated into a mobile cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner (medPhoton, Austria). We provide the first description of this prototype and its performance evaluation. METHODS We performed assessments of camera calibration and camera-CBCT registration using a geometric calibration phantom. For this purpose, we first evaluated the effects of intrinsic parameters such as camera temperature or gantry rotations on the tracked marker positions. Afterward, calibrations with various settings (sample number, field of view coverage, calibration directions, calibration distances, and lighting conditions) were performed to identify the requirements for achieving maximum tracking accuracy based on an in-house phantom. The corresponding effects on camera-CBCT registration were determined as well by comparing tracked marker positions to the positions determined via CBCT. Long-term stability was assessed by comparing tracking and a ground-truth on a weekly basis for 6 weeks. RESULTS Robust tracking with positional drifts of 0.02 ± 0.01 mm was feasible using the system after a warm-up period of 90 min. However, gantry rotations affected the tracking and led to inaccuracies of up to 0.70 mm. We identified that 4000 samples and full coverage were required to ensure a robust determination of marker positions and camera-CBCT registration with geometric deviations of 0.18 ± 0.03 mm and 0.42 ± 0.07 mm, respectively. Long-term stability showed deviations of more than two standard deviations from the initial calibration after 3 weeks. CONCLUSION We implemented for the first time a standalone combined camera-CBCT system for tracking in brachytherapy. The system showed high potential for establishing corresponding workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Karius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Marie Leifeld
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vratislav Strnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
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278
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Tanaka Y, Hino H, Shiomi A, Uehara K, Watanabe J, Nishikawa T, Ueno H, Kinugasa Y, Kawai K, Ajioka Y. Efficacy of lateral lymph node dissection for local control of rectal cancer: A multicenter study. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2024; 8:631-638. [PMID: 38957561 PMCID: PMC11216789 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) for rectal cancer by comparing the local control in patients with and without pathological lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM). Methods We included 189 patients with rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision and LLND at 13 institutions between 2017 and 2019. Patients with and without pathological LLNM were defined as the pLLNM (+) and (-) groups, respectively. Propensity score-matching helped to balance the basic characteristics of both groups. The incidences of local recurrence (LR) and lateral lymph node recurrence (LLNR) were compared between the groups. Results In the entire cohort, 39 of the 189 patients had pathological LLNM. The 3-year LR and LLNR rates were 18.3% and 4.0% (p = 0.01) and 7.7% and 3.3% (p = 0.22) in the pLLNM (+) and (-) groups, respectively. After propensity score matching, the data from 62 patients were analyzed. No significant differences in LR or LLNR were observed between both groups. The 3-year LR and LLNR rates were 16.4% and 9.8% (p = 0.46) and 9.7% and 9.8% (p = 0.99) in the pLLNM (+) and (-) groups, respectively. Conclusion LLND would lead to comparable local control in the pLLNM (+) and (-) groups if the clinicopathological characteristics except for LLNM are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tanaka
- Division of Colon and Rectal SurgeryShizuoka Cancer Center HospitalSunto‐gunJapan
| | - Hitoshi Hino
- Division of Colon and Rectal SurgeryShizuoka Cancer Center HospitalSunto‐gunJapan
| | - Akio Shiomi
- Division of Colon and Rectal SurgeryShizuoka Cancer Center HospitalSunto‐gunJapan
| | - Kay Uehara
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Biliary Pancreatic SurgeryNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological CenterYokohama City University Medical CenterYokohamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Division of Gastroenterological SurgerySaitama Cancer CenterInaJapan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of SurgeryNational Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaJapan
| | - Yusuke Kinugasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryTokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yoichi Ajioka
- Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
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279
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Abbas MA, Al-Kabariti AY, Sutton C. Comprehensive understanding of the role of GPER in estrogen receptor-alpha negative breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 241:106523. [PMID: 38636681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a prominent role in facilitating the rapid, non-genomic signaling of estrogens in breast cancer cells. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the role of GPER in ER-ɑ-negative breast cancer is provided. Activation of GPER affected proliferation, metastasis and epithelial mesenchymal transition in ER-ɑ negative breast cancer cells. Clinical studies have demonstrated that GPER positivity was strongly correlated with larger tumor size and advanced clinical stage, suggesting that GPER/ERK signaling may play a role in promoting tumor progression. Strong evidence existed that environmental contaminants like bisphenol A have a carcinogenic potential mediated by GPER activation. The complexity of the cross talk between GPER and other receptors including ER-β, ER-α36, Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) and androgen receptor has been discussed. The potential utility of small molecules and phytoestrogens targeting GPER, adds valuable insights into its therapeutic potential. This review holds promises in advancing our understanding of GPER role in ER-ɑ-negative breast cancer. Overall, the consequences of GPER activation are still an area of active research and the implication are not entirely clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Aya Y Al-Kabariti
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
| | - Chris Sutton
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
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280
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Meuleman AT, Volders ELD, Lubberts S, Kerst JM, Wymenga ANM, Aarts MJB, Goncalves MB, Lefrandt JD, Steursma G, Meijer J, Nuver J, Gietema JA. Vascular fingerprint tool to identify patients with testicular cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy at high risk of early cardiovascular events. ESMO Open 2024; 9:103631. [PMID: 38996520 PMCID: PMC11298865 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with testicular cancer treated with chemotherapy have an increased risk of developing early cardiovascular events. Identification of patients with testicular cancer at a high risk of these events enables the development of preventative strategies. This study validates the vascular fingerprint tool to identify these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a multicenter prospective study in patients with metastatic testicular cancer [International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) good or intermediate risk; retroperitoneal mass <5 cm]. In eligible patients, the vascular fingerprint was assessed before the start of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, which consists of five risk factors, namely, smoking, overweight (body mass index >25 kg/m2), hypertension (blood pressure >140/90 mmHg), dyslipidemia (fasting cholesterol >5.1 mmol/l or low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol >2.5 mmol/l), and diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l). The presence of three or more risk factors was defined as high-risk vascular fingerprints. A log-rank test was carried out with a cardiovascular event within 1 year after the start of chemotherapy as the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 196 patients with metastatic testicular cancer were included; 15 patients (8%) developed a cardiovascular event: 4 (2%) arterial events and 11 (6%) venous thrombotic events. Overall, 189 vascular fingerprint scores were available. Patients with a high-risk vascular fingerprint (62/189) had a higher risk of developing a cardiovascular event (hazard ratio 3.27, 95% confidence interval 1.16-9.18; log-rank: P = 0.017). Histological diagnosis, prognosis group, cumulative chemotherapy dose, and retroperitoneal mass size did not differ between patients with or without a cardiovascular event. All patients with an arterial event had a high-risk vascular fingerprint compared with 5/11 patients with a venous event. Overweight was more prevalent in patients with cardiovascular events (87% versus 59%; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS The vascular fingerprint is a validated tool to identify patients with testicular cancer at a high risk of developing early cardiovascular events. This tool can be used to develop preventative strategies with anticoagulant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Meuleman
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - E L D Volders
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - S Lubberts
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - J M Kerst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam
| | - A N M Wymenga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede
| | - M J B Aarts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M B Goncalves
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J D Lefrandt
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Steursma
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - J Meijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - J Nuver
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen
| | - J A Gietema
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen.
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281
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Yang X, Li X. Oncogenic role of RNA-binding protein GNL2 in glioma: Promotion of tumor development through enhancing protein synthesis. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:307. [PMID: 38779136 PMCID: PMC11110002 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are aberrantly expressed in various diseases, including glioma. In the present study, the role and mechanism of RBPs in glioma were investigated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in glioma were screened from public databases and overlapping genes between DEGs and RBPs were selected in a bioinformatics analysis to identify the hub gene. Next, evaluation of expression, survival analysis and cell experiments were performed to examine the impact of the hub gene on glioma. Through bioinformatics analysis, G protein nucleolar 2 (GNL2), programmed cell death 11 (PDCD11) and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) were identified as potential biomarkers in glioma prognosis and GNL2 was chosen as the hub gene for further investigation. GNL2 was increased in glioma tissues and related to poor survival outcomes. Cell experiments revealed that GNL2 knockdown inhibited glioma cell growth, migration and invasion. In addition, GNL2 was found to affect the overall protein synthesis of ribosomal protein L11 in glioma cells. In conclusion, GNL2, PDCD11 and RPS6 may serve as potential biomarkers in glioma prognosis. Importantly, GNL2 acts as an oncogene in glioma and it enhances protein synthesis to promote the development of brain glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, P.R. China
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282
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Bekele S, Kuhnly N, Chen LL. Essential Review of Oncological Emergencies. Crit Care Nurs Q 2024; 47:175-183. [PMID: 38860947 DOI: 10.1097/cnq.0000000000000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Innovations in oncology have expanded treatment eligibility, leading to a rise in cancer patients requiring critical care. This necessitates that all critical care clinicians possess a fundamental knowledge of prevalent oncological conditions and identify emergent scenarios requiring immediate action. This article will explore key oncological complications and their management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bekele
- Author Affiliations: Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Ms Bekele); Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Mr Kuhnly and Dr Chen)
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283
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Jang JY, Song SY, Shin YS, Kim HU, Choi EK, Kim SW, Lee JC, Lee DH, Choi CM, Yoon S, Kim SS. Contribution of Enhanced Locoregional Control to Improved Overall Survival with Consolidative Durvalumab after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights from Real-World Data. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:785-794. [PMID: 38228082 PMCID: PMC11261197 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the real-world clinical outcomes of consolidative durvalumab in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) and to explore the role of radiotherapy in the era of immunotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study assessed 171 patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidative durvalumab at Asan Medical Center between May 2018 and May 2021. Primary outcomes included freedom from locoregional failure (FFLRF), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Durvalumab following CCRT demonstrated a prolonged median PFS of 20.9 months (p=0.048) and a 3-year FFLRF rate of 57.3% (p=0.008), compared to 13.7 months and 38.8%, respectively, with CCRT alone. Furthermore, the incidence of in-field recurrence was significantly greater in the CCRT-alone group compared to the durvalumab group (26.8% vs. 12.4%, p=0.027). While median OS was not reached with durvalumab, it was 35.4 months in patients receiving CCRT alone (p=0.010). Patients positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression showed notably better outcomes, including FFLRF, DMFS, PFS, and OS. Adherence to PACIFIC trial eligibility criteria identified 100 patients (58.5%) as ineligible. The use of durvalumab demonstrated better survival regardless of eligibility criteria. CONCLUSION The use of durvalumab consolidation following CCRT significantly enhanced locoregional control and OS in patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC, especially in those with PD-L1-positive tumors, thereby validating the role of durvalumab in standard care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yun Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Yeol Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seob Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Un Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Ssan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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284
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Forsah SF, Bijoy S, Arrey Agbor DB, Ugwendum D, Okang M, Syed UM, Aviles C, Nfonoyim J. Metastatic Early-Onset Colon Cancer With BRCA2 Mutation Presenting With a Large Obstructing Pelvic Mass and Causing Acute Liver Failure and Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure. Cureus 2024; 16:e64770. [PMID: 39156267 PMCID: PMC11329380 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) still constitutes a significant healthcare burden. Although its overall incidence is reducing, the incidence of early-onset CRC is increasing. There is uncertainty about the association between CRC and BRCA2 mutations and also, even though most cancers metastasize to the liver, acute liver failure (ALF) from metastatic cancer and specifically CRC is uncommon. This is a case of a young patient with BRCA2 mutation who presented with a large obstructing CRC with extensive metastatic burden to the liver, causing a fatal ALF. This case shows the growing number of ALFs associated with metastatic disease and suggests a possible association between BRCA2 mutation and CRC. This association needs more research to establish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabastain F Forsah
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | - Sini Bijoy
- Hematology and Oncology, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | | | - Derek Ugwendum
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | - Margarieta Okang
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | - Uroosa M Syed
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | - Cinthya Aviles
- Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
| | - Jay Nfonoyim
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, USA
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285
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Frenette C, Mendiratta-Lala M, Salgia R, Wong RJ, Sauer BG, Pillai A. ACG Clinical Guideline: Focal Liver Lesions. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119:1235-1271. [PMID: 38958301 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Focal liver lesions (FLLs) have become an increasingly common finding on abdominal imaging, especially asymptomatic and incidental liver lesions. Gastroenterologists and hepatologists often see these patients in consultation and make recommendations for management of multiple types of liver lesions, including hepatocellular adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hemangioma, and hepatic cystic lesions including polycystic liver disease. Malignancy is important to consider in the differential diagnosis of FLLs, and healthcare providers must be familiar with the diagnosis and management of FLLs. This American College of Gastroenterology practice guideline uses the best evidence available to make diagnosis and management recommendations for the most common FLLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reena Salgia
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Bryan G Sauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Anjana Pillai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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286
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Shukla S, Karbhari A, Rastogi S, Agarwal U, Rai P, Mahajan A. Bench-to-bedside imaging in brain metastases: a road to precision oncology. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:485-500. [PMID: 38637186 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Radiology has seen tremendous evolution in the last few decades. At the same time, oncology has made great strides in diagnosing and treating cancer. Distant metastases of neoplasms are being encountered more often in light of longer patient survival due to better therapeutic strategies and diagnostic methods. Brain metastasis (BM) is a dismal manifestation of systemic cancer. In the present scenario, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are playing a big role in providing molecular information about cancer. Lately, molecular imaging has emerged as a stirring arena of dynamic imaging techniques that have enabled clinicians and scientists to noninvasively visualize and understand biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels. This knowledge has impacted etiopathogenesis, detection, personalized treatment, drug development, and our understanding of carcinogenesis. This article offers insight into the molecular biology underlying brain metastasis, its pathogenesis, imaging protocols, and algorithms. It also discusses disease-specific molecular imaging features, focusing on common tumors that spread to the brain, such as lung, breast, colorectal cancer, melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, it covers various targeted treatment options, criteria for assessing treatment response, and the role of artificial intelligence in diagnosing, managing, and predicting prognosis for patients with brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shukla
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya Cancer Centre and Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Tata Memorial Hospital, Varanasi, 221 005, Maharashtra, India; Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Karbhari
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Rastogi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - U Agarwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Rai
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Mahajan
- Department of Imaging, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, L7 8YA Liverpool, UK; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK.
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287
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Meegdes M, van der Velde MGAM, Geurts SME, van Kats MACE, Dercksen MW, Tjan-Heijnen VCG. Case series of metastatic breast cancer patients with visceral crisis treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors. J Chemother 2024; 36:343-350. [PMID: 37946508 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2279831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
There is an ongoing clinical dilemma of how best to treat patients who present themselves with visceral crisis. The time needed to undo the state of visceral crisis is the most relevant outcome for this patient group. We describe four patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer who presented themselves with a visceral crisis. Two of them are male and three of them had synchronous metastatic breast cancer. Two patients had lymphangitis carcinomatosis of the lungs, one extensive disease of the eye and one of the liver. Time to first clinical response was observed within a few weeks in three patients. For one patient a switch to chemotherapy was needed. These cases show that treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors can achieve a rapid response in patients experiencing visceral crisis. We conclude that chemotherapy is not the sole possibility in visceral crisis, and that CDK4/6 inhibitors can be considered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Meegdes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sandra M E Geurts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje A C E van Kats
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Wouter Dercksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vivianne C G Tjan-Heijnen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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288
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Zhang B, Wei X, Li J. Selenomethionine suppresses head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression through TopBP1/ATR and TCAB1 signaling. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:877-887. [PMID: 37750664 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a histological type of cancer originating from the head and neck. Selenium complexes have been considered as a potential treatment for HNSCC. Therefore, the present work focused on probing the mechanism of L-selenomethionine (SeMet) in HNSCC treatment. METHODS MTT and colony formation assays were carried out to analyze the survival rate and proliferation of HNSCC cells, respectively. TUNEL staining was performed to examine apoptosis of HNSCC cells. Additionally, qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays were performed to measure mRNA and protein levels, separately. RESULTS SeMet treatment significantly hindered the survival and promoted the apoptosis of HNSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependently. SeMet administration promoted expression of TopBP1, ATR, H2AX, p-ATR and γ-H2AX, and suppressed that of TCAB1. Importantly, SeMet treatment suppressed the proliferation and facilitated the apoptosis of HNSCC cells, which were partly reversed by down-regulation of TopBP1 or up-regulation of TCAB1. The activation of SeMet to TopBP1/ATR signaling was rescued by TCAB1 up-regulating, and the inhibition of SeMet to TCAB1 expression was rescued by TopBP1 silencing. CONCLUSION Our findings show that SeMet inhibits the proliferation of HNSCC cells and promotes their apoptosis by targeting TopBP1/ATR and TCAB1 signaling. SeMet is a potential method for HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi City, Hubei Province, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi City, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiwu Li
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
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289
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Giro C, Yamada AMTD, Cruz FJSM, do R Barros LA, da C A Alves B, Fonseca FLA, Del Giglio A. Measuring cfDNA integrity as a biomarker for predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer patients: a pilot study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 206:329-335. [PMID: 38743176 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising biomarker for predicting treatment response and disease outcomes in Breast Cancer (BC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). To determine if cfDNA originates from tumors, matching tumor and cfDNA gene mutations are necessary, often requiring tumor DNA sequencing. We assessed plasma cfDNA integrity by measuring concentrations and ratios of larger-to-smaller Alu DNA fractions as a potential biomarker, eliminating the need for prior tumor sequencing. METHODS We included patients with localized and/or locally advanced BC receiving standard NAC alone or in combination with immunotherapy and/or anti-HER2 targeted therapy. Blood samples were collected before treatment, every 2 weeks during treatment, and before surgery. RESULTS Of the 38 evaluated patients, only 28 completed the protocol and underwent surgery after NAC. Seven patients (25%) achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR). We found that cfDNA integrity (cfDNAI) levels at 15 days after starting NAC were significantly higher in patients who achieved pCR (p = 0.045) and correlated significantly with Disease-Free Survival (DFS) in univariate analysis (p = 0.0371). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of cfDNAI 2 weeks after NAC initiation appears to be an early biomarker for tumor pCR and DFS. Measuring Alu fragments of different lengths may replace techniques requiring prior tumor sequencing to measure ctDNA, reducing costs and complexity of cfDNA serial measurements in BC patients undergoing NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Giro
- Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer (IBCC), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Oncologia e Hematologia do Centro Universitário FMABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe José S M Cruz
- Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer (IBCC), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Oncologia e Hematologia do Centro Universitário FMABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz da C A Alves
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando L A Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Auro Del Giglio
- Departamento de Oncologia e Hematologia do Centro Universitário FMABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil.
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290
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Malagón T, Franco EL, Tejada R, Vaccarella S. Epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers past, present and future: towards prevention and elimination. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:522-538. [PMID: 38760499 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the first cancer deemed amenable to elimination through prevention, and thus lessons from the epidemiology and prevention of this cancer type can provide information on strategies to manage other cancers. Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) causes virtually all cervical cancers, and an important proportion of oropharyngeal, anal and genital cancers. Whereas 20th century prevention efforts were dominated by cytology-based screening, the present and future of HPV-associated cancer prevention relies mostly on HPV vaccination and molecular screening tests. In this Review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers, their disease burden, how past and contemporary preventive interventions have shaped their incidence and mortality, and the potential for elimination. We particularly focus on the cofactors that could have the greatest effect on prevention efforts, such as parity and human immunodeficiency virus infection, as well as on social determinants of health. Given that the incidence of and mortality from HPV-associated cancers remain strongly associated with the socioeconomic status of individuals and the human development index of countries, elimination efforts are unlikely to succeed unless prevention efforts focus on health equity, with a commitment to both primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talía Malagón
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- St Mary's Research Centre, Montréal West Island CIUSSS, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romina Tejada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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291
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Dnyanmote AS, M P H, Kumar S, Vasava K. Double Trouble: A Rare Case of Synchronous Breast and Thyroid Carcinomas. Cureus 2024; 16:e65256. [PMID: 39184812 PMCID: PMC11342579 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma are among the most common cancers affecting women. Although it is rare to encounter synchronous primary tumors of the thyroid and breast in clinical practice, the incidence of both differentiated thyroid and breast cancers has significantly risen over the last 20 years. Despite having a lower mortality risk compared to other types of cancer, managing a dual diagnosis of these malignancies poses unique challenges and requires a thorough evaluation and strategic treatment plan. Here, we report a rare case of double primary malignancy of the breast and thyroid in a 59-year-old female who presented with complaints of a lump in the left breast, along with an incidental finding of thyroid swelling, which had conflicting findings in various preliminary evaluations. In this reported case, the patient underwent a total thyroidectomy based on a frozen section report suggestive of papillary carcinoma along with a modified radical mastectomy because of mucinous carcinoma of the left breast, which by itself is a rarity. This constituted a great challenge in managing both malignancies simultaneously. In conclusion, synchronous breast and thyroid carcinomas constitute an atypical clinical scenario that requires detailed evaluation and a multidisciplinary management approach. Further research is needed to understand this condition's underlying pathophysiology and genetic background to improve therapeutic outcomes for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha S Dnyanmote
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Himashree M P
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Kinjal Vasava
- Department of General Surgery, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
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292
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Satapathy HS, Sehgal L, Bhardwaj M. Impact of Preoperative Chemotherapy on Postoperative Renal Dysfunction After Major Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e64116. [PMID: 39119380 PMCID: PMC11306644 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The administration of anti-cancer drugs and major abdominal surgeries have been independently identified to have a negative effect on renal function. The objectives of the study are to determine the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major elective abdominal surgery following chemotherapy and identify the independent predictors of postoperative AKI among such cancer patients in a tertiary care cancer institute in North India. Methods The prospective observational study included 149 patients aged 18 years or more, scheduled for elective major abdominal cancer surgery. Based on the administration of preoperative chemotherapy, the participants were divided into two study cohorts (Group 1: received preoperative chemotherapy; Group 2: did not receive preoperative chemotherapy). Patients' preoperative characteristics, including the use of preoperative chemotherapeutic agents and intraoperative factors, were evaluated for associations with the development of AKI postoperatively using the Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify the factors after adjusting for potential confounders. Results The overall incidence of postoperative AKI in major abdominal oncosurgery was 24.2% among our study participants, which was significantly higher among patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy (32.4%) as compared to those who did not receive preoperative chemotherapy (16%) (p=0.019). Besides preoperative chemotherapy, the present study also noted that high levels of preoperative urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) and intraoperative use of vasopressors were significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative AKI development in the final model, after adjustment for all potential confounders. A preoperative UPCR≥0.345 predicted the development of postoperative AKI with 77.8% sensitivity and 83.2% specificity. Conclusion Considering the magnitude of the problem, identification of determinants of postoperative AKI in major abdominal surgeries in cancer patients may help anesthetists and surgeons in early detection of AKI, so that prompt precautionary measures can be put in place that can potentially impact prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lalit Sehgal
- Liver Transplant Anesthesia/Liver ICU, Manipal Hospital, New Delhi, IND
| | - Manoj Bhardwaj
- Anesthesia, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, IND
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293
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Moghadam SG, Ebrahimpour M, Alavizadeh SH, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. The association between oxidized low-density lipoprotein and cancer: An emerging targeted therapeutic approach? Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 106:129762. [PMID: 38649117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in varying vital cellular processes including cell growth and division. Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL), and overexpression of the corresponding receptors including LDL receptor (LDLR), lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), have shown strong correlations with different facets of carcinogenesis including proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, a high serum level of LOX-1 is considered as a poor prognostic factor in many types of cancer including colorectal cancer. Ox-LDL could contribute to cancer progression and metastasis through endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and autophagy. Thus, many studies have shed light on the significant role of ox-LDL as a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. In various repurposing approaches, anti-dyslipidemia agents, phytochemicals, autophagy modulators as well as recently developed ldl-like nanoparticles have been investigated as potential tumor therapeutic agents by targeting oxidized-LDL/LOX-1 pathways. Herein, we reviewed the role of oxidized-LDL and LOX-1 in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis, and also cancer-associated angiogenesis. Moreover, we addressed therapeutic utility of several compounds that proved to be capable of targeting the metabolic moieties in cancer. This review provides insights on the potential impact of targeting LDL and ox-LDL in cancer therapy and their future biomedical implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Ghorbani Moghadam
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrshad Ebrahimpour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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294
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Fite EL, Makary MS. Transarterial Chemoembolization Treatment Paradigms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2430. [PMID: 39001491 PMCID: PMC11240648 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 90% of liver cancer cases worldwide and is currently the most quickly increasing cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The 5-year survival rate for primary liver cancer is estimated to be below 20%, and HCC mortality is expected to increase by 41% by 2040. Currently, surgical resection is the first-line approach to definitive treatment of early-stage HCC. However, the majority of patients present with late-stage, unresectable disease due to the asymptomatic nature of early HCC. For patients who present with unresectable HCC, locoregional therapies such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) represent an alternative approach to HCC treatment. TACE is a minimally invasive, catheter-based technique that allows for targeted delivery of chemotherapy to tumor sites while occluding tumor-feeding blood vessels. In appropriately selected patients, outcomes for TACE therapy have been shown to be more favorable than supportive care or conservative management. The increasing incidence and mortality of HCC, in addition to the late-stage presentation of most HCC patients, demonstrates the need to expand the role of locoregional therapies in the treatment of HCC. TACE represents an appealing approach to HCC management, including disease control, palliation, and potentially curative-intent strategies. In this review, we will describe the current utility of TACE in the treatment of HCC, characterize the outcomes of patients treated with TACE across different HCC stages, and outline future applications of TACE in the treatment paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott L Fite
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mina S Makary
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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295
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Maezawa M, Miyasaka K, Hirofuji S, Wakabayashi W, Iwata M, Nakao S, Akase T, Iguchi K, Nakamura M. Identification of Drugs and Patient Profiles at Risk for Severe Skin Injuries Due to Extravasation: Analysis of a Spontaneous Reporting System. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2024; 47:233-248. [PMID: 38968586 DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify risk factors and combinations thereof that are associated with severe skin injuries due to the extravasation of injectable drugs. A cross-sectional study using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database was conducted according to the RECORD-PE checklist. Adverse event reports related to necrosis, ulcers, or erosions due to extravasation were considered "with severe skin injury," and others were considered "without severe skin injury." Approximately 255 cases "with" and 260 cases "without" severe skin injury were identified. The relationship between the incidence of severe skin injury and age, sex, drugs, and primary disease was evaluated using the χ2 test. Association rule mining was used to evaluate the correlation between each combination of factors and skin injury. Nine factors were identified as independent risk factors for severe skin injury, including age (<10 or ≥70 years), peripheral parenteral nutrition use, and mental disorders. The association rule mining results suggested that a combination of specific patient backgrounds and drug use was associated with the incidence of necrosis or ulcers. The findings of this study reiterate that nurses might consider closely observing patients with the risk factors identified in this study for the prevention and early detection of extravasation-related skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Maezawa
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Koumi Miyasaka
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Sakiko Hirofuji
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Wataru Wakabayashi
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Mari Iwata
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Satoshi Nakao
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tomoko Akase
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Kazuhiro Iguchi
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakamura
- Author Affiliations: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Mss Maezawa, Miyasaka, Hirofuji, Mr Wakabayashi, Ms Iwata, Mr Nakao, Dr Nakamura); Kifune Pharmacy, Gifu, Japan (Ms Iwata); Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (Mr Nakao); Department of Biological Science and Nursing, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (Dr Akase); Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan (Dr Iguchi)
- Mika Maezawa, MS, RN, received her bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at Yokohama City University in Japan. After receiving her master's degree, she worked as an RN at a university hospital for 3 years. She is a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mitsuhiro Nakamura, PhD, Ph, is a professor at the Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Koumi Miyasaka, BPharm, Sakiko Hirofuji, BPharm, and Wataru Wakabayashi, BPharm are pharmacy students at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Mari Iwata, RPh, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kifune Pharmacy and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Satoshi Nakao, BPharm, Ph, is a pharmacist at Kyushu University Hospital and a doctoral student at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Tomoko Akase, PhD, RN, Ph, is a professor in the Department of Biological Science and Nursing at Yokohama City University
- Kazuhiro Iguchi, PhD,Ph, is a professor in the community pharmacy at Gifu Pharmaceutical University
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Guo W, Deng M, Chen Q. A neuroendocrine tumor arising in a tailgut cyst: Case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 120:109912. [PMID: 38889516 PMCID: PMC11231592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Cystic lesions in the retrorectal space include developmental abnormality, inflammatory process, and tumor-relevant cysts. Among them, the tailgut cyst is the most common lesion which is featured by the complex epithelium lining the wall. It is generally accepted that tailgut cysts are embryonic residues and are mostly benign, but there are also reports about malignant transformation and even metastasis. CASE PRESENTATION A 44-year-old female complained a sacrococcygeal discomfort more than one year. The imaging diagnosis was an infectious cyst. After surgery, a solid region was defined in a cyst. Morphologically, the region was composed of bland epithelia forming glandular or ribbon-like structure, with round nuclei and fine chromatin. Immunohistochemically, the cells were positive for CK7, CD56 and synaptophysin. The Ki-67-positive cells were about 1 %. The final diagnosis is a low-grade neuroendocrine tumor arising in a tailgut cyst. The patient was living without recurrence by the follow-up of 20 months after surgery. CLINICAL DISCUSSION By reviewing the previously reported NET arising from tailgut cysts, we summarized 29 cases of neuroendocrine neoplasms that reported detailed information, and the majority are women. We found that the higher-grade tumor presented a higher tendency of distant metastasis or recurrence after surgery. Complete resection and full evaluation by pathologists are necessary to get a correct diagnosis and avoid disease progression. CONCLUSION We reported the rare case of NET G1 arising from a tailgut cyst and reviewed relevant reports, in order to broaden differential diagnoses when an isolated mass is identified in the retrorectal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Pathology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiongrong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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297
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Sugumar K, Stitzel H, Wu V, Bajor D, Chakrabarti S, Conces M, Henke L, Lumish M, Mahipal A, Mohamed A, Winter JM, Hardacre JM, Ammori JB, Selfridge JE, Ocuin LM. Outcomes of Hepatic Artery-Based Therapies and Systemic Multiagent Chemotherapy in Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:4413-4426. [PMID: 38502296 PMCID: PMC11164761 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of unresectable colorectal liver metastases (UCRLM) includes locoregional and systemic therapy. A comprehensive analysis capturing long-term outcomes of these treatment options has not been performed. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled outcomes of hepatic artery infusion with systemic chemotherapy (HAI-S), transarterial chemoembolization with systemic chemotherapy (TACE-S), transarterial radioembolization with systemic chemotherapy (TARE-S), doublet (FOLFOX, FOLFIRI), and triplet chemotherapy (FOLFOXIRI). METHODS Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), rate of conversion to resection (CTR), and response rate (RR). RESULTS A total of 32, 7, 9, and 14 publications were included in the HAI-S, TACE-S, and TARE-S chemotherapy arms. The 6/12/24/36-month OS estimates for HAI-S, TACE-S, TARE-S, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOXIRI were 97%/80%/54%/35%, 100%/83%/40%/14%, 82%/61%/34%/21%, 96%/83%/53%/36%, and 96%/93%/72%/55%. Similarly, the 6/12/24/36-month PFS estimates were 74%/44%/19%/14%, 66%/20%/9%/3%, 57%/23%/10%/3%, 69%/30%/12%/7%, and 88%/55%/18%/11%. The corresponding CTR and RR rates were 31, 20%, unmeasurable (TARE-S), 35, 53; and 49, 45, 45, 50, 80%, respectively. The majority of chemotherapy studies included first-line therapy and liver-only metastases, whereas most HAI-S studies were pretreated. On subgroup analysis in first-line setting with liver-only metastases, the HAI-S arm had comparable outcomes to FOLFOXIRI and outperformed doublet chemotherapy regimens. Although triplet chemotherapy appeared to outperform other arms, high toxicity and inclusion of potentially resectable patients must be considered while interpreting results. CONCLUSIONS HAI-S and multiagent chemotherapy are effective therapies for UCRLM. To make definitive conclusions, a randomized trial with comparable patient characteristics and line of therapy will be required. The upcoming EA2222 PUMP trial may help to address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavin Sugumar
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Henry Stitzel
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Victoria Wu
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Bajor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sakti Chakrabarti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Madison Conces
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lauren Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melissa Lumish
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John B Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer E Selfridge
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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298
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Yun KM, Cohen EEW. An Era of Advances in Systemic Therapies for Advanced Thyroid Cancer. JCO Oncol Pract 2024; 20:899-906. [PMID: 38452309 DOI: 10.1200/op.23.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas comprise distinct pathologic subtypes. However, advancements in characterizing the molecular tumorigenesis of thyroid cancers have changed the treatment paradigm in the past decade. Genetic profiling has become an integral component of personalizing cancer care. Oral kinase inhibitors are currently standard-of-care therapies for progressive, radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) and medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs). Sorafenib, lenvatinib, and cabozantinib are multikinase inhibitors approved for patients with metastatic RAI-refractory DTC, whereas vandetanib and cabozantinib are approved for patients with MTC. Management of thyroid carcinomas has evolved such that targeted therapies have become therapeutic options for patients with BRAF, RET, NTRK, ALK, and ROS1 alterations and even have reported efficacy in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. In this article, we review the advances made over the years in the treatment of metastatic thyroid carcinoma and focus on the systemic therapies that have recently transformed the treatment landscape of advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Yun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA
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299
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Hsu YC, Hsueh C, Lin WN, Tsai TY, Hung SY, Lu YA. Carcinoma Showing Thymus-like Differentiation (CASTLE) with Synchronous Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024; 103:NP411-NP421. [PMID: 34866458 DOI: 10.1177/01455613211060167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare malignant tumor that accounts for 0.1%-0.15% of all thyroid cancers. More than half of the patients have tumor extension to adjacent organs, including the recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, and esophagus. The diagnosis of CASTLE is based on histology and immunohistochemistry. A 58-year-old female patient complained of hoarseness for one and half years. Right side vocal cord palsy was diagnosed by fiberscopy. Thyroid sonography revealed right thyroid tumors, which were reported to be papillary thyroid carcinoma through FNAC. Total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection was performed. Pathologist found 2 isolated malignancy tumors. One patient in the right thyroid lobe had papillary thyroid carcinoma features. The other extrathyroid tumor seemed to be separated from the first tumor and invaded the thyroid capsule. After multiple immunohistochemical studies, PTC synchronous CASTLE was the final diagnosis. Coexisting PTC and CASTLE is very rare. This is the first report to describe a case showing PTC at first, while subsequent pathologic examination revealed the presence of CASTLE in addition to PTC. Since the prognosis of CASTLE is favorable, the treatment is different from other aggressive thyroid cancers, such as poorly differentiated or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chin Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgecxry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ni Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgecxry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-You Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgecxry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Hung
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgecxry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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300
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Tripathy S, Mohapatra S, Preethika A. Breast cancer awareness among women of reproductive age- a questionnaire based study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 298:153-157. [PMID: 38761530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, and its prevalence is rising among younger women of reproductive age. The study aims to investigate their awareness of breast cancer risk factors, warning indicators, and preventive methods. The study also aimed to assess participants' knowledge of breast self-examination (BSE) and their practices with this crucial screening method. METHODOLOGY To achieve these goals, we used a cross-sectional survey employing a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included multiple-choice and open-ended items about breast cancer awareness, knowledge, and practices. RESULTS There were 400 questionnaires given out to female patients attending the out-patient department, and 290 of them were completed and returned. The majority of responders to our poll, 88 %, were aware that breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. The fact that 57 % of the individuals never examined their own breasts is a worrying result. There was a statistically significant difference between knowledge and family history (X2 = 13.8, P < 0.001) and knowledge and schooling (X2 = 6.4,P < 0.001). Both the practise of BSE and knowledge of BC were good in respondents under the age of 45, however they differed statistically significantly (X2-2.8,P = 0.041 and X2-2.6, P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Understanding the extent of breast cancer awareness and knowledge gaps in this population is critical for planning targeted interventions and educational efforts. By identifying areas where knowledge is weak, healthcare practitioners and governments can implement policies to encourage early detection practices, reduce delays in seeking medical aid, and ultimately improve breast cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Tripathy
- Professor, Department of OBG, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Satyajit Mohapatra
- Director, Center for Clinical Trials and Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - A Preethika
- Assistant Professor, Centre for Clinical Trials and Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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