3101
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Ntchapda F, Kakesse M, Fokam MAT, Pancha OM, Abakar D, Dimo T. Evaluation of the diuretic effects of crude stem bark extraction of Zanthoxylum heitzii (Rutaceae) in Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2015; 13:326-35. [DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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3102
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Wang M, Lu Y, Liu J, Li H, Wei Y. Metabolite identification of seven active components of Huan-Nao-Yi-Cong-Fang in rat plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:269-79. [PMID: 26138785 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing 100091 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Xiyuan Hospital; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing 100091 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
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3103
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Horng LY, Hsu PL, Chen LW, Tseng WZ, Hsu KT, Wu CL, Wu RT. Activating mitochondrial function and haemoglobin expression with EH-201, an inducer of erythropoietin in neuronal cells, reverses memory impairment. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:4741-56. [PMID: 26177968 PMCID: PMC4594276 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Memory impairment can be progressive in neurodegenerative diseases, and physiological ageing or brain injury, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are critical components of these issues. An early clinical study has demonstrated cognitive improvement during erythropoietin treatment in patients with chronic renal failure. As erythropoietin cannot freely cross the blood-brain barrier, we tested EH-201 (2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside, also known as TSG), a low MW inducer of erythropoietin, for its therapeutic effects on memory impairment in models of neurodegenerative diseases, physiological ageing or brain injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of EH-201 were investigated in astrocytes and PC12 neuronal-like cells. In vivo, we used sleep-deprived (SD) mice as a stress model, amyloid-β (Aβ)-injected mice as a physiological ageing model and kainic acid (KA)-injected mice as a brain damage model to assess the therapeutic effects of EH-201. KEY RESULTS EH-201 induced expression of erythropoietin, PPAR-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and haemoglobin in astrocytes and PC12 neuronal-like cells. In vivo, EH-201 treatment restored memory impairment, as assessed by the passive avoidance test, in SD, Aβ and KA mouse models. In the hippocampus of mice given EH-201 in their diet, levels of erythropoietin, PGC-1α and haemoglobin were increased CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The induction of endogenous erythropoietin in neuronal cells by inducers such as EH-201 might be a therapeutic strategy for memory impairment in neurodegenerative disease, physiological ageing or traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yea Horng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Hsu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Zou Tseng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Tin Hsu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Tsun Wu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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3104
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Zhao YY, Wang HL, Cheng XL, Wei F, Bai X, Lin RC, Vaziri ND. Metabolomics analysis reveals the association between lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and Nrf2 dysfunction in aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12936. [PMID: 26251179 PMCID: PMC4528220 DOI: 10.1038/srep12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative medicines are commonly used for the disease prevention and treatment worldwide. Aristolochic acid (AAI) nephropathy (AAN) is a common and rapidly progressive interstitial nephropathy caused by ingestion of Aristolochia herbal medications. Available data on pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of AAN are limited and were explored here. SD rats were randomized to AAN and control groups. AAN group was treated with AAI by oral gavage for 12 weeks and observed for additional 12 weeks. Kidneys were processed for histological evaluation, Western blotting, and metabolomics analyses using UPLC-QTOF/HDMS. The concentrations of two phosphatidylcholines, two diglycerides and two acyl-carnitines were significantly altered in AAI treated rats at week 4 when renal function and histology were unchanged. Data obtained on weeks 8 to 24 revealed progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis, inflammation, renal dysfunction, activation of NF-κB, TGF-β, and oxidative pathways, impaired Nrf2 system, and profound changes in lipid metabolites including numerous PC, lysoPC, PE, lysoPE, ceramides and triglycerides. In conclusion, exposure to AAI results in dynamic changes in kidney tissue fatty acid, phospholipid, and glycerolipid metabolisms prior to and after the onset of detectable changes in renal function or histology. These findings point to participation of altered tissue lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yong Zhao
- 1] Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China [2] Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, MedSci 1, C352, UCI Campus, Irvine, California, 92897, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Wang
- Department of nephrology, Shanghai Jimin Hospital, No. 338 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xu Bai
- Solution Centre, Waters Technologies (Shanghai) Ltd., No. 1000 Jinhai Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, MedSci 1, C352, UCI Campus, Irvine, California, 92897, USA
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3105
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Liu MM, Xing YM, Zhang DW, Guo SX. Novel microsatellite markers suitable for genetic studies in Polyporus umbellatus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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3106
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Li Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Li A, Hou Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y. A novel approach to the simultaneous extraction and non-targeted analysis of the small molecules metabolome and lipidome using 96-well solid phase extraction plates with column-switching technology. J Chromatogr A 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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3107
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Zhao W, Huang X, Li X, Zhang F, Chen S, Ye M, Huang M, Xu W, Wu S. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Major Triterpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode-Array Detector/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2015; 20:13958-81. [PMID: 26263967 PMCID: PMC6331801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200813958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma (AMR) is a well-known natural medicine with a long history in Chinese medicine and has been commonly used for treating a wide range of ailments related to dysuria, edema, nephropathy, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, inflammation as well as tumors in clinical applications. Most beneficial effects of AMR are attributed to the presence of protostane terpenoids, the major active ingredients of Alismatis Rhizoma (AMR). In this study, a systematic high performance liquid chromatography/diode-array detector/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the major AMR triterpenoids. First, a total of 25 triterpenoid components, including 24 known compounds and one new compound were identified by comparison with UV spectra, molecular ions and fragmentation behaviors of reference standards or the literature. Second, an efficient method was established for the rapid simultaneous determination of 14 representative triterpenoids by UPLC-QqQ MS. Forty-three batches of AMR were analyzed with linearity (r, 0.9980-0.9999), intra-day precision (RSD, 1.18%-3.79%), inter-day precision (RSD, 1.53%-3.96%), stability (RSD, 1.32%-3.97%), repeatability (RSD, 2.21%-4.25%), and recovery (98.11%-103.8%). These results indicated that new approaches combining HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF MS and UPLC-QqQ MS are applicable in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Sainan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Miao Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Shuisheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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3108
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Breit M, Weinberger KM. Metabolic biomarkers for chronic kidney disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 589:62-80. [PMID: 26235490 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly recognized burden for patients and health care systems with high (and growing) global incidence and prevalence, significant mortality, and disproportionately high treatment costs. Yet, the available diagnostic tools are either impractical in clinical routine or have serious shortcomings impeding a well-informed disease management although optimized treatment strategies with proven benefits for the patients have become available. Advances in bioanalytical technologies have facilitated studies that identified genomic, proteomic, and metabolic biomarker candidates, and confirmed some of them in independent cohorts. This review summarizes the CKD-related markers discovered so far, and focuses on compounds and pathways, for which there is quantitative data, substantiating evidence from translational research, and a mechanistic understanding of the processes involved. Also, multiparametric marker panels have been suggested that showed promising diagnostic and prognostic performance in initial analyses although the data basis from prospective trials is very limited. Large-scale studies, however, are underway and will provide the information for validating a set of parameters and discarding others. Finally, the path from clinical research to a routine application is discussed, focusing on potential obstacles such as the use of mass spectrometry, and the feasibility of obtaining regulatory approval for targeted metabolomics assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Breit
- Research Group for Clinical Bioinformatics, Institute of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering (IEBE), University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT), 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Klaus M Weinberger
- Research Group for Clinical Bioinformatics, Institute of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering (IEBE), University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT), 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria; sAnalytiCo Ltd., Forsyth House, Cromac Square, Belfast BT2 8LA, United Kingdom.
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3109
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Li S, Lin H, Qu C, Tang Y, Shen J, Li W, Yue S, Kai J, Shang G, Zhu Z, Zhang C, Liu P, Yan H, Zhang L, Qian L, Qian D, Duan JA. Urine and plasma metabonomics coupled with UHPLC-QTOF/MS and multivariate data analysis on potential biomarkers in anemia and hematinic effects of herb pair Gui-Hong. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 170:175-83. [PMID: 25985767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The compatibility of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) and Carthami Flos (Honghua), a famous herb pair Gui-Hong, can produce synergistic and complementary hematinic effects. Our previous studies have indicated that Gui-Hong has therapeutic potential treatment in hemolytic and aplastic anemia (HAA). The present study aimed to investigate the hematinic effects of Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong on HAA rats induced by acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CP) and to explore the underlying hematinic regulation mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 5 groups, and drugs were administered by oral gavage one time each day for continuous 7 days from the experiment began. Urine and plasma were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). Partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) models were built to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong. Pearson correlation matrix analysis method was used to discover the correlations between potential biomarkers and biochemical indicators of HAA rats. RESULTS Seven potential biomarkers contribute to the separation of model group and control group were tentatively identified. The levels of l-kynurenine, phenylalanine, nicotinic acid and sphingosine increased significantly (P<0.05) in HAA rats, while the levels of l-isoleucine, l-tyrosine and serotonin decreased significantly (P<0.05) in comparison with control rats. Those endogenous metabolites were chiefly involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and tyrosine metabolism. The metabolic deviations could be regulated closer to normal level after Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong intervention. In term of hematinic effects, Gui-Hong was the most effective as shown by the relative distance in PLS-DA score plots and relative intensity of potential biomarkers. The result reflected the synergic action between Danggui and Honghua. The above results were found to be reasonable in explaining the hematinic effects mechanism of Gui-Hong. CONCLUSIONS The results of routine blood, urinary metabolic pattern and plasma metabolic pattern show the Danggui, Honghua and Gui-Hong groups are moving toward the control group and the HAA was being prevented and alleviated. The effect of Gui-Hong group is more remarkable than Danggui and Honghua groups. Some potential biomarkers like l-kynurenine, phenylalanine, l-isoleucine, l-tyrosine, serotonin, nicotinic acid and sphingosine have been found and identified. The work shows that the metabonomics method is a promising tool in the efficacy and mechanism research of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hang Lin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Juan Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shijun Yue
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Kai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanxiong Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Changbin Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3110
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Tomita R, Todoroki K, Machida K, Nishida S, Maruoka H, Yoshida H, Fujioka T, Nakashima M, Yamaguchi M, Nohta H. Assessment of the efficacy of anticancer drugs by amino acid metabolomics using fluorescence derivatization-HPLC. ANAL SCI 2015; 30:751-8. [PMID: 25007935 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.30.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomic studies conducted for evaluating cancer pathogenesis and progression by monitoring the amino acids metabolic balance hold great promise for assessing current and future anticancer treatments. We performed a comprehensive quantification of 21 amino acids concentrations in cultured human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells treated with the anticancer drugs 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and cisplatin. A precolumn fluorescence derivatization-HPLC method involving 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate was used. Amino acid concentration data were analyzed by principal-component analysis and partial least-squares multivariate statistical methods to represent samples on two-dimensional graphs. The hierarchical cluster analysis and linear discriminant analysis were used to classify the samples on the score plots. Unlike the cluster analysis approach, the linear discrimination analysis classification successfully distinguished anticancer drug-treated samples from the untreated controls. Moreover, three candidate amino acids (serine, aspartic acid, and methionine) were identified from the loading plots as potential biomarkers. Our proposed method might be able to evaluate the effectiveness of anticancer therapy even in small laboratories or medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Tomita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University
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3111
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Tang H, Tang Y, Li NG, Lin H, Li W, Shi Q, Zhang W, Zhang P, Dong Z, Shen M, Gu T, Duan JA. Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of the Neuroprotective Effects of Scutellarin and Scutellarein against Ischemic Insult. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131569. [PMID: 26147971 PMCID: PMC4493097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than thirty years, scutellarin (Scu) has been used in China to clinically treat acute cerebral infarction and paralysis. Scutellarein (Scue), the major Scu metabolite in vivo, exhibits heightened neuroprotective effects when compared to Scu. To explore the neuroprotective role of these compounds, we performed ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) coupled with a pattern recognition approach to investigate metabolomic differences in a rat model of ischemia after treatment with each compound. We examined metabolites in urine, hippocampal tissue, and plasma, and we tentatively identified 23 endogenous metabolites whose levels differed significantly between sham-operated and model groups. Upon pathway analysis, we found an additional 11 metabolic pathways in urine, 14 metabolic pathways in the hippocampal tissue, and 3 metabolic pathways in plasma. These endogenous metabolites were mainly involved in sphingolipid metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. We found that metabolic changes after ischemic injury returned to near-normal levels after Scue intervention, unlike Scu treatment, further validating the heightened protective effects exerted by Scue compared to Scu. These results demonstrate that Scue is a potential drug for treatment of ischemic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- * E-mail: (YT); (NGL); (JAD)
| | - Nian-Guang Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- * E-mail: (YT); (NGL); (JAD)
| | - Hang Lin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Qianping Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Pengxuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zexi Dong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Minzhe Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Ting Gu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- * E-mail: (YT); (NGL); (JAD)
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3112
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Raditic DM. Complementary and Integrative Therapies for Lower Urinary Tract Diseases. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45:857-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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3113
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Yang Y, Zhang DM, Liu JH, Hu LS, Xue QC, Ding XQ, Kong LD. Wuling San protects kidney dysfunction by inhibiting renal TLR4/MyD88 signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in high fructose-induced hyperuricemic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 169:49-59. [PMID: 25914040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wuling San, a famous prescription in Chinese medicine, is composed of Polyporus, Poria, Alismatis rhizoma, Cinnamomi cortex and Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, and promotes kidney function and diuresis. The main purpose of this study was to investigate its renal protective effect in high fructose-induced hyperuricemic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICR mice were fed with 30% fructose in drinking water for 6 weeks to induce hyperuricemia and renal dysfunction. Then mice were orally administrated for other 6 weeks with Wuling San (987, 1316, 1755 and 2340mg/kg), allopurinol (5mg/kg) and water daily, respectively. Serum and urine levels of uric acid, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess renal histological changes. Renal interleukin (IL)-1β concentrations were measured using ELISA kit. Renal protein levels of organic ion transporters, as well as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling and pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were determined by Western blot assay. RESULTS Wuling San significantly decreased serum uric acid, creatinine and BUN levels, increased fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) in fructose-fed mice. It restored fructose-induced dysregulation of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) and organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), as well as organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) and OCT2 in mice. Wuling San obviously alleviated infiltration of inflammation cells in kidney glomerulus of fructose-fed mice. Moreover, Wuling San suppressed the activation of TLR4/ MyD88 signaling to inhibit nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation in fructose-fed mice. Additionally, Wuling San decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in the kidney of fructose-fed mice. CONCLUSION Wuling San exerts renal protective effect by modulating renal organic ion transporters in fructose-induced hyperuricemic mice. The molecular mechanism of its action may be associated with the suppression of TLR4/MyD88 signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation to reduce IL-1β production in high fructose-induced hyperuricemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Shui Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Technology, Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Lanxi 321109, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Chu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People׳s Republic of China.
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3114
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Semmo N, Weber T, Idle JR, Beyoğlu D. Metabolomics reveals that aldose reductase activity due to AKR1B10 is upregulated in hepatitis C virus infection. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22:617-24. [PMID: 25487531 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To understand the changes in the metabolome of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons, we conducted a metabolomic investigation in both plasma and urine of 30 HCV-positive individuals using plasmas from 30 HCV-negative blood donors and urines from 30 healthy volunteers. Samples were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and data subjected to multivariate analysis. The plasma metabolomic phenotype of HCV-positive persons was found to have elevated glucose, mannose and oleamide, together with depressed plasma lactate. The urinary metabolomic phenotype of HCV-positive persons comprised reduced excretion of fructose and galactose combined with elevated urinary excretion of 6-deoxygalactose (fucose) and the polyols sorbitol, galactitol and xylitol. HCV-infected persons had elevated galactitol/galactose and sorbitol/glucose urinary ratios, which were highly correlated. These observations pointed to enhanced aldose reductase activity, and this was confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction with AKR1B10 gene expression elevated sixfold in the liver. In contrast, AKR1B1 gene expression was reduced 40% in HCV-positive livers. Interestingly, persons who were formerly HCV infected retained the metabolomic phenotype of HCV infection without reverting to the HCV-negative metabolomic phenotype. This suggests that the effects of HCV on hepatic metabolism may be long lived. Hepatic AKR1B10 has been reported to be elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma and in several premalignant liver diseases. It would appear that HCV infection alone increases AKR1B10 expression, which manifests itself as enhanced urinary excretion of polyols with reduced urinary excretion of their corresponding hexoses. What role the polyols play in hepatic pathophysiology of HCV infection and its sequelae is currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Semmo
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Weber
- Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Idle
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Beyoğlu
- Hepatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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3115
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Abstract
Developments in forensic mass spectrometry tend to follow, rather than lead, the developments in other disciplines. Examples of techniques having forensic potential born independently of forensic applications include ambient ionization, imaging mass spectrometry, isotope ratio mass spectrometry, portable mass spectrometers, and hyphenated chromatography-mass spectrometry instruments, to name a few. Forensic science has the potential to benefit enormously from developments that are funded by other means, if only the infrastructure and personnel existed to adopt, validate, and implement the new technologies into casework. Perhaps one unique area in which forensic science is at the cutting edge is in the area of chemometrics and the determination of likelihood ratios for the evaluation of the weight of evidence. Such statistical techniques have been developed most extensively for ignitable-liquid residue analyses and isotope ratio analysis. This review attempts to capture the trends, motivating forces, and likely impact of developing areas of forensic mass spectrometry, with the caveat that none of this research is likely to have any real impact in the forensic community unless: (a) The instruments developed are turned into robust black boxes with red and green lights for positives and negatives, respectively, or (b) there are PhD graduates in the workforce who can help adopt these sophisticated techniques.
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3116
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Park SE, Park CY, Sweeney G. Biomarkers of insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance: Past, present and future. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2015; 52:180-90. [PMID: 26042993 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1023429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in insulin target tissues including liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue is an early step in the progression towards type 2 diabetes. Accurate diagnostic parameters reflective of insulin resistance are essential. Longstanding tests for fasting blood glucose and HbA1c are useful and although the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp remains a "gold standard" for accurately determining insulin resistance, it cannot be implemented on a routine basis. The study of adipokines, and more recently myokines and hepatokines, as potential biomarkers for insulin sensitivity is now an attractive and relatively straightforward approach. This review discusses potential biomarkers including adiponectin, RBP4, chemerin, A-FABP, FGF21, fetuin-A, myostatin, IL-6, and irisin, all of which may play significant roles in determining insulin sensitivity. We also review potential future directions of new biological markers for measuring insulin resistance, including metabolomics and gut microbiome. Collectively, these approaches will provide clinicians with the tools for more accurate, and perhaps personalized, diagnosis of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Eun Park
- a Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine , Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea and
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3117
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Li PL, Sun HG, Hua YL, Ji P, Zhang L, Li JX, Wei Y. Metabolomics study of hematopoietic function of Angelica sinensis on blood deficiency mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 166:261-9. [PMID: 25797116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Angelica sinensis (AS) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to enrich and invigorate blood. In this study, the aim is to investigate the influence of AS on metabolism of blood deficiency mice model and to explore its anti-blood deficiency mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The blood deficiency mice model was induced by being hypodermically injected with N-acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) and being intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (CTX). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to identify potential biomarkers in plasma and splenic tissue. RESULTS The levels of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and platelet (PLT) showed a trend to return to control group after administrating with AS, while the dose of 10g/kg showed the best effect. Potential metabolite biomarkers (nine in the plasma and nine in the spleen homogenates) were identified in this study. These biomarkers were mainly related to five metabolic pathways, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism and TCA cycle. CONCLUSION Metabolomics was used to reflect an organism׳s physiological and metabolic state comprehensively, indicating that metabolomics was a potentially powerful tool to reveal the anti-blood deficiency mechanism of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Hong-Guo Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yong-Li Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Peng Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Jin-Xia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China.
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3118
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Gao S, Chen W, Peng Z, Li N, Su L, Lv D, Li L, Lin Q, Dong X, Guo Z, Lou Z. Urinary metabonomics elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of Orthosiphon stamineus in mouse crystal-induced kidney injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 166:323-32. [PMID: 25794803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Orthosiphon stamineus (OS), a traditional Chinese herb, is often used for promoting urination and treating nephrolithiasis. AIM OF THE STUDY Urolithiasis is a major worldwide public health burden due to its high incidence of recurrence and damage to renal function. However, the etiology for urolithiasis is not well understood. Metabonomics, the systematic study of small molecule metabolites present in biological samples, has become a valid and powerful tool for understanding disease phenotypes. In this study, a urinary metabolic profiling analysis was performed in a mouse model of renal calcium oxalate crystal deposition to identify potential biomarkers for crystal-induced renal damage and the anti-crystal mechanism of OS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty six mice were randomly divided into six groups including Saline, Crystal, Cystone and OS at dosages of 0.5g/kg, 1g/kg, and 2g/kg. A metabonomics approach using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was developed to perform the urinary metabolic profiling analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were utilized to identify differences between the metabolic profiles of mice in the saline control group and crystal group. RESULTS Using partial least squares-discriminant analysis, 30 metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers of crystal-induced renal damage. Most of them were primarily involved in amino acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, purine metabolism, and the citrate cycle (TCA). After the treatment with OS, the levels of 20 biomarkers had returned to the levels of the control samples. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that OS has a protective effect for mice with crystal-induced kidney injury via the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways primarily involving amino acid, energy and choline metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhongjiang Peng
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Su
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Diya Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qishan Lin
- Proteomics/Mass Spec Facility, Center for Functional Genomics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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3119
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Metabolomics for Biomarker Discovery: Moving to the Clinic. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:354671. [PMID: 26090402 PMCID: PMC4452245 DOI: 10.1155/2015/354671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To improve the clinical course of diseases, more accurate diagnostic and assessment methods are required as early as possible. In order to achieve this, metabolomics offers new opportunities for biomarker discovery in complex diseases and may provide pathological understanding of diseases beyond traditional technologies. It is the systematic analysis of low-molecular-weight metabolites in biological samples and has become an important tool in clinical research and the diagnosis of human disease and has been applied to discovery and identification of the perturbed pathways. It provides a powerful approach to discover biomarkers in biological systems and offers a holistic approach with the promise to clinically enhance diagnostics. When carried out properly, it could provide insight into the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diseases, help to identify patients at risk of disease, and predict the response to specific treatments. Currently, metabolomics has become an important tool in clinical research and the diagnosis of human disease and becomes a hot topic. This review will highlight the importance and benefit of metabolomics for identifying biomarkers that accurately screen potential biomarkers of diseases.
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3120
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Jeon JP, Yun T, Jin X, Cho WS, Son YJ, Bang JS, Kang HS, Oh CW, Kim JE, Park S. 1H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from adult bilateral moyamoya disease: comparison with unilateral moyamoya disease and atherosclerotic stenosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e629. [PMID: 25929894 PMCID: PMC4603033 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although metabolomics has been increasingly used to observe metabolic pattern and disease-specific metabolic markers, metabolite profiling for moyamoya disease (MMD) has not yet been done in adults. This study investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites specific to bilateral MMD (B-MMD) and compared them to those of unilateral MMD (U-MMD) or atherosclerotic stenosis with hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify metabolic biomarkers associated with MMD in adults.CSF samples of B-MMD (n = 29), U-MMD (n = 11), and atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD) (n = 8) were recruited. Principal component analysis, partial least square discriminant analysis, and orthogonal projections to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were done for the comparisons. Diagnostic performance was acquired by prediction of 1 left-out sample from the distinction model constructed with the rest of the samples.B-MMD showed an increase in glutamine (P < 0.001) and taurine (P = 0.004), and a decrease in glucose (P < 0.001), citrate (P = 0.002), and myo-inositol (P = 0.006) than those in ACVD. U-MMD showed a higher level of glutamine (P = 0.005) and taurine (P = 0.034), and a lower level of glutamate (P < 0.004) than those in ACVD. No difference at the metabolite level was observed between B-MMD and U-MMD. Cross-validation with the OPLS-DA model showed a high accuracy for the prediction of MMD.The results of the study suggest that a metabolomics approach may be helpful in confirming MMD and providing a better understanding of MMD pathogenesis. Elevated glutamine in the CSF may be associated with MMD pathogenesis, which was different from ACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Pyeong Jeon
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (JPJ), Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon; College of Pharmacy (TY, XJ, SP), Seoul National University; and Department of Neurosurgery (JEK, W-SC, Y-JS, JSB, H-SK, CWO), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3121
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Cheng S, Swanson K, Eliaz I, McClintick JN, Sandusky GE, Sliva D. Pachymic acid inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo by targeting ER stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122270. [PMID: 25915041 PMCID: PMC4411097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pachymic acid (PA) is a purified triterpene extracted from medicinal fungus Poria cocos. In this paper, we investigated the anticancer effect of PA on human chemotherapy resistant pancreatic cancer. PA triggered apoptosis in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2. Comparative gene expression array analysis demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was induced by PA through activation of heat shock response and unfolded protein response related genes. Induced ER stress was confirmed by increasing expression of XBP-1s, ATF4, Hsp70, CHOP and phospho-eIF2α. Moreover, ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) blocked PA induced apoptosis. In addition, 25 mg kg-1 of PA significantly suppressed MIA PaCa-2 tumor growth in vivo without toxicity, which correlated with induction of apoptosis and expression of ER stress related proteins in tumor tissues. Taken together, growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis by PA in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells were associated with ER stress activation both in vitro and in vivo. PA may be potentially exploited for the use in treatment of chemotherapy resistant pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Cheng
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kristen Swanson
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, Santa Rosa, California, United States of America
| | - Jeanette N. McClintick
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - George E. Sandusky
- Departments of Pathology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Daniel Sliva
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- DSTest Laboratories, Purdue Research Park, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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3122
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Klepacki J, Klawitter J, Klawitter J, Thurman JM, Christians U. A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based targeted metabolomics kidney dysfunction marker panel in human urine. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 446:43-53. [PMID: 25871999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined and documented fluctuations in urine metabolites in response to disease processes and drug toxicity affecting glomerular filtration, tubule cell metabolism, reabsorption, oxidative stress, purine degradation, active secretion and kidney amino acylase activity representative of diminished renal function. However, a high-throughput assay that incorporates metabolites that are surrogate markers for such changes into a kidney dysfunction panel has yet to be described. METHODS A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) assay for the quantification of ten metabolites associated with the Krebs cycle, purine degradation, and oxidative stress in human urine was developed and validated. Normal values were assessed in healthy adult (n=120) and pediatric (n=36) individuals. In addition, 9 pediatric renal transplant recipients patients were evaluated before and after initial dosing of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus in a proof-of-concept study. RESULTS The assay met all predefined acceptance criteria. The lower limit of quantification ranged from 0.1 to 1000 μmol/l. Inter-day trueness and imprecisions ranged from 91.4-112.9% and 1.5-12.4%, respectively. The total assay run time was 5.5 minutes. Concentrations of glucose, sorbitol, and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) were elevated in pediatric renal transplant patients (n=9) prior to transplantation as well as before and immediately after initial dosing of tacrolimus. One month post-transplant urine metabolite patterns matched those of healthy children (n=36). CONCLUSIONS The LC-MS/MS assay will provide the basis for further large-scale clinical studies to explore these analytes as molecular markers for the patients with renal insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Klepacki
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Jost Klawitter
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Renal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joshua M Thurman
- Department of Renal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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3123
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Serum metabolomics study of polycystic ovary syndrome based on UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with a pattern recognition approach. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4683-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3124
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Zhang SN, Li XZ, Lu F, Liu SM. Cerebral potential biomarkers discovery and metabolic pathways analysis of α-synucleinopathies and the dual effects of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms on central nervous system through metabolomics analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 163:264-272. [PMID: 25660332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (AS), also called "Ciwujia" in Chinese and "Siberian ginseng" in the Siberian Taiga region, is the herb used in traditional medicinal systems of China, Russia, Japan and Korea for the treatment of various nervous and cerebrovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY Our pre-study has showed that AS can significantly suppress α-synuclein overexpression and toxicity. Neuronal protein α-synuclein is a key player in the development of neurodegenerative diseases called α-synucleinopathies. Identifying the potential biomarkers related to α-synucleinopathies may facilitate understanding the pathogenesis of the diseases and the safe application of AS in the clinic. METHODS AND RESULTS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) coupled with pattern recognition methods was integrated to examine the cerebral metabolic signature of human α-synuclein transgenic mice and the effects of AS on central nervous system (CNS) in pathology and physiology. Totally, 17 differentially expressed metabolites in wild type (WT) group and 26 in A30P mutant (A30P) group were identified and considered as potential biomarkers. Among them, 11 endogenous metabolites in WT+AS group and 18 in A30P+AS group were involved in the anti-α-synucleinopathies mechanism of AS. However, western blot and metabolomics analysis showed the effects of AS on CNS in physiology were opposite to those in pathology, which may cause potential neurotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that endogenous metabolites perturbation was involved in the pathogenesis of α-synucleinopathies and AS produced the dual effects on pathological and physiological CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Nan Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Xu-Zhao Li
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Fang Lu
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| | - Shu-Min Liu
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China; Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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3125
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Liu X, Zheng P, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Hu C, Li J, Zhao J, Zhou J, Xie P, Xu G. Discovery and Validation of Plasma Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder Classification Based on Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2322-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jieyu Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department
of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute
of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
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3126
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Wang X, Liu X, Cai H, Pei K, Cao G, Xu X, Shi F, Cai B. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of tetrandrine and fangchinoline in rat plasma after oral administration of Fangji Huangqi Tang and Stephania tetrandra S. Moore
extracts. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1286-93. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- College of Science; Cleveland State University; Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ke Pei
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Research Center of TCM processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Fa Shi
- Liaoning Institute for Food and Drug Control; Shengyang P. R. China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Corporation; Nanjing P. R. China
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3127
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Zhang A, Sun H, Yan G, Wang P, Wang X. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics: applications to biomarker and metabolic pathway research. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:7-12. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Zhang
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Heping Road 24 Harbin 150040 China
| | - Hui Sun
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Heping Road 24 Harbin 150040 China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Heping Road 24 Harbin 150040 China
| | - Ping Wang
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Heping Road 24 Harbin 150040 China
| | - Xijun Wang
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Heping Road 24 Harbin 150040 China
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3128
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Lopez-Giacoman S, Madero M. Biomarkers in chronic kidney disease, from kidney function to kidney damage. World J Nephrol 2015; 4:57-73. [PMID: 25664247 PMCID: PMC4317628 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v4.i1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) typically evolves over many years, with a long latent period when the disease is clinically silent and therefore diagnosis, evaluation and treatment is based mainly on biomarkers that assess kidney function. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remains the ideal marker of kidney function. Unfortunately measuring GFR is time consuming and therefore GFR is usually estimated from equations that take into account endogenous filtration markers like serum creatinine (SCr) and cystatin C (CysC). Other biomarkers such as albuminuria may precede kidney function decline and have demonstrated to have strong associations with disease progression and outcomes. New potential biomarkers have arisen with the promise of detecting kidney damage prior to the currently used markers. The aim of this review is to discuss the utility of the GFR estimating equations and biomarkers in CKD and the different clinical settings where these should be applied. The CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration equation performs better than the modification of diet in renal disease equation, especially at GFR above 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Equations combining CysC and SCr perform better than the equations using either CysC or SCr alone and are recommended in situations where CKD needs to be confirmed. Combining creatinine, CysC and urine albumin to creatinine ratio improves risk stratification for kidney disease progression and mortality. Kidney injury molecule and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin are considered reasonable biomarkers in urine and plasma to determine severity and prognosis of CKD.
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3129
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Miao H, Chen H, Pei S, Bai X, Vaziri ND, Zhao YY. Plasma lipidomics reveal profound perturbation of glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids in diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 228:79-87. [PMID: 25619641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and has emerged as an important public health problem. Lipidomics is a powerful technology for assessment of global lipid metabolites in a biological system and for biomarker discovery. In the present study, hyperlipidemia was induced by feeding rats a high fat diet. A sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight synapt high-definition mass spectrometry method was used for the analysis of plasma lipids. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, correlation analysis and heatmap analysis were performed to investigate the metabolic changes in rats with diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Potential biomarkers were detected using S-plot and were identified by accurate mass data, isotopic pattern and MS(E) fragments information. Significantly increased total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed in diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Combined with standard serum biochemical results, significant differences in plasma lipid compounds including eleven glycerophospholipids, six fatty acids, two sphingolipids, one eicosanoid, one sterol lipid and one glycerolipid were observed, highlighting the perturbation of lipid metabolism in diet-induced hyperlipidemia. These findings provide further insights into the lipid profile across a wide range of biochemical pathways in diet-induced hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Miao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Med Sci I, C352, UCI Campus, Irvine, CA 92897, USA
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Songwen Pei
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xu Bai
- Solution Centre, Waters Technologies (Shanghai) Ltd., No. 1000 Jinhai Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Med Sci I, C352, UCI Campus, Irvine, CA 92897, USA.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Med Sci I, C352, UCI Campus, Irvine, CA 92897, USA.
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3130
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Sun H, Wang H, Zhang A, Yan G, Zhang Y, An N, Wang X. Berberine ameliorates nonbacterial prostatitis via multi-target metabolic network regulation. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2015; 19:186-95. [PMID: 25588034 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2014.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics has been increasingly applied to discovering biomarkers and identifying perturbed pathways. Berberine has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, but its mechanisms for treating nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) remain unclear completely. We developed the untargeted metabolomics approach based on UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS to profile the metabolite changes in urine samples in order to discover novel potential biomarkers to clarify mechanisms of berberine in treating a rat model of capsaicin-induced nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP). The changes in metabolic profiling were restored to their base-line values after berberine treatment according to the principal component analysis (PCA) score plots. Fourteen different potential biomarkers and five acutely perturbed metabolic pathways contributing to the treatment of NBP were discovered and identified. Specifically, the berberine-treated rats are located closer to the normal group, indicating that the NBP-induced disturbances to the metabolic profile were partially reversed by berberine treatment. After treatment with berberine, the relative contents of 12 potential biomarkers were effectively regulated, which suggested that the therapeutic effects of berberine on NBP may involve regulating disturbances to the metabolism. Our results show that the protective effect of berberine occurs in part through a reversal of the NBP-caused disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin, China
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3131
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Abstract
Metabolites as an end product of metabolism possess a wealth of information about altered metabolic control and homeostasis that is dependent on numerous variables including age, sex, and environment. Studying significant changes in the metabolite patterns has been recognized as a tool to understand crucial aspects in drug development like drug efficacy and toxicity. The inclusion of metabonomics into the OMICS study platform brings us closer to define the phenotype and allows us to look at alternatives to improve the diagnosis of diseases. Advancements in the analytical strategies and statistical tools used to study metabonomics allow us to prevent drug failures at early stages of drug development and reduce financial losses during expensive phase II and III clinical trials. This chapter introduces metabonomics along with the instruments used in the study; in addition relevant examples of the usage of metabonomics in the drug development process are discussed along with an emphasis on future directions and the challenges it faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranov Ramana
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N2 PB 923, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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3132
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Quantification of endogenous metabolites by the postcolumn infused-internal standard method combined with matrix normalization factor in liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1375:62-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3133
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Nigam SK, Bush KT, Martovetsky G, Ahn SY, Liu HC, Richard E, Bhatnagar V, Wu W. The organic anion transporter (OAT) family: a systems biology perspective. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:83-123. [PMID: 25540139 PMCID: PMC4281586 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00025.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The organic anion transporter (OAT) subfamily, which constitutes roughly half of the SLC22 (solute carrier 22) transporter family, has received a great deal of attention because of its role in handling of common drugs (antibiotics, antivirals, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), toxins (mercury, aristolochic acid), and nutrients (vitamins, flavonoids). Oats are expressed in many tissues, including kidney, liver, choroid plexus, olfactory mucosa, brain, retina, and placenta. Recent metabolomics and microarray data from Oat1 [Slc22a6, originally identified as NKT (novel kidney transporter)] and Oat3 (Slc22a8) knockouts, as well as systems biology studies, indicate that this pathway plays a central role in the metabolism and handling of gut microbiome metabolites as well as putative uremic toxins of kidney disease. Nuclear receptors and other transcription factors, such as Hnf4α and Hnf1α, appear to regulate the expression of certain Oats in conjunction with phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes. Some Oats have a strong selectivity for particular signaling molecules, including cyclic nucleotides, conjugated sex steroids, odorants, uric acid, and prostaglandins and/or their metabolites. According to the "Remote Sensing and Signaling Hypothesis," which is elaborated in detail here, Oats may function in remote interorgan communication by regulating levels of signaling molecules and key metabolites in tissues and body fluids. Oats may also play a major role in interorganismal communication (via movement of small molecules across the intestine, placental barrier, into breast milk, and volatile odorants into the urine). The role of various Oat isoforms in systems physiology appears quite complex, and their ramifications are discussed in the context of remote sensing and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Nigam
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kevin T Bush
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Gleb Martovetsky
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sun-Young Ahn
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Henry C Liu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Erin Richard
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Vibha Bhatnagar
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Wei Wu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bioengineering, and Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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3134
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Abstract
Due to the incidence of type-2 diabetes and hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. CKD results in premature death from accelerated cardiovascular disease and various other complications. Early detection, careful monitoring of renal function, and response to therapeutic intervention are critical for prevention of CKD progression and its complications. Unfortunately, traditional biomarkers of renal function are insufficiently sensitive or specific to detect early stages of disease when therapeutic intervention is most effective. Therefore, more sensitive biomarkers of kidney disease are needed for early diagnosis, monitoring, and effective treatment. CKD results in profound changes in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism that, in turn, contribute to progression of CKD and its cardiovascular complications. Lipids and lipid-derived metabolites play diverse and critically important roles in the structure and function of cells, tissues, and biofluids. Lipidomics is a branch of metabolomics, which encompasses the global study of lipids and their biologic function in health and disease including identification of biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and therapeutic response for various diseases. This review summarizes recent developments in lipidomics and its application to various kidney diseases including chronic glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, chronic renal failure, renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, and acute renal failure in clinical and experimental research. Analytical technologies, data analysis, as well as currently known metabolic biomarkers of kidney diseases are addressed. Future perspectives and potential limitations of lipidomics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
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3135
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Xu W, Chen D, Wang N, Zhang T, Zhou R, Huan T, Lu Y, Su X, Xie Q, Li L, Li L. Development of High-Performance Chemical Isotope Labeling LC–MS for Profiling the Human Fecal Metabolome. Anal Chem 2014; 87:829-36. [PMID: 25486321 DOI: 10.1021/ac503619q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Deying Chen
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Ting Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ruokun Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Tao Huan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yingfeng Lu
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoling Su
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qing Xie
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Liang Li
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State
Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and
Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College
of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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3136
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A pharmaco-metabonomic study on chronic kidney disease and therapeutic effect of ergone by UPLC-QTOF/HDMS. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115467. [PMID: 25535749 PMCID: PMC4275224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health problem. Ergone has been proved to prevent the progression of CKD. UPLC-QTOF/HDMS was employed for metabolic profiling of adenine-induced CKD and to investigate the nephroprotective effects of ergone. Pharmacology parameters including blood biochemistry, histopathological evaluation and Western blot analysis were performed concurrently. The UPLC-MS data were analyzed by partial least squares-discriminate analysis, correlation analysis, heatmap analysis and mapped to KEGG pathways. Blood and serum biochemistry were observed to be significantly different in the CKD group than in the control group. In conjunction with biochemistry, histopathology and protein expression results, identified metabolites indicated perturbations in fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and amino acid metabolism as changes associated with adenine-induced CKD and the interventions of ergone. Upregulated expression of TGF-β1, ED-1, CTGF, bFGF and collagen I was observed in the CKD group. However, downregulated expression of these proteins was observed after oral administration of ergone. These results suggest that expression changes in these proteins had implications for fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and amino acid metabolism in the development of CKD and that ergone treatment could delay the development of CKD by normalizing or blocking abnormal changes in biomarker metabolites and protein expression in the CKD group.
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3137
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Goto T, Kubota Y, Toyoda A. Plasma and Liver Metabolic Profiles in Mice Subjected to Subchronic and Mild Social Defeat Stress. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:1025-32. [DOI: 10.1021/pr501044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Goto
- College
of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
- Ibaraki University Cooperation between Agriculture and Medical Science (IUCAM), Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kubota
- College
of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- College
of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
- Ibaraki University Cooperation between Agriculture and Medical Science (IUCAM), Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
- United
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-city, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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3138
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Currie G, McKay G, Delles C. Biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy: Present and future. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:763-776. [PMID: 25512779 PMCID: PMC4265863 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease in the Western world. Microalbuminuria (MA) is the earliest and most commonly used clinical index of DN and is independently associated with cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. Although MA remains an essential tool for risk stratification and monitoring disease progression in DN, a number of factors have called into question its predictive power. Originally thought to be predictive of future overt DN in 80% of patients, we now know that only around 30% of microalbuminuric patients progress to overt nephropathy after 10 years of follow up. In addition, advanced structural alterations in the glomerular basement membrane may already have occurred by the time MA is clinically detectable.Evidence in recent years suggests that a significant proportion of patients with MA can revert to normoalbuminuria and the concept of nonalbuminuric DN is well-documented, reflecting the fact that patients with diabetes can demonstrate a reduction in glomerular filtration rate without progressing from normo-to MA. There is an unmet clinical need to identify biomarkers with potential for earlier diagnosis and risk stratification in DN and recent developments in this field will be the focus of this review article.
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3139
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Tian T, Chen H, Zhao YY. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:373-387. [PMID: 25446590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhizoma alismatis (simplified as RA, "Zexie" in Chinese, ) is a well-known natural medicine with long history in Chinese medicine. As a traditional medicine in China, RA is an important part of many prescriptions and has been commonly used for treating a wide range of ailments related to dysuria, edema, nephropathy, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, inflammation as well as tumor in clinical applications. Based on scientific literatures, the present paper aims to provide comprehensive and up-to date information about the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of RA as well as critical analysis of the research. The review will provide a new foundation and direction for the further studies of RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS All available information about RA was supplied by library database and electronic search (ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc.). The different types of useful information were collected and arranged in corresponding part of the paper. RESULTS Phytochemical studies showed that the main chemical composition of RA was the terpenoid including sesquiterpene, diterpene and triterpene. The crude extracts and isolated compounds from RA showed diverse pharmacological activities including diuretic, nephroprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. However, high-dose or long-term use of RA can lead to water-electrolyte imbalance, bloody urine, acidosis and even hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity, which have been proven by several studies. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological researches show RA possessing various bioactivities including diuresis, nephroprotective effect, anti-hyperlipidemia, etc. However, more bioactive components especially diuretic and nephroprotective compounds need to be isolated and identified, and more rigorous researches on action mechanisms are required. More experiments in vitro or in vivo and clinical studies are encouraged to clarify correlation between traditional uses and modern applications, and the toxicity need to be further and precisely explored. In addition, a standardized fingerprint for RA is indispensable and emergent. These achievements will further expand to therapeutic potential and usage of RA and provide a powerful support for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
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3140
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Chen DQ, Feng YL, Tian T, Chen H, Yin L, Zhao YY, Lin RC. Diuretic and anti-diuretic activities of fractions of Alismatis rhizoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:114-118. [PMID: 25256686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alismatis rhizoma or Alisma orientale (Zexie in Chinese), the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk (Alismataceae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and is used as an agent for diuresis and for excreting dampness in China and Japan. In this paper, we report the diuretic activities of the petroleum ether fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction, the n-buthanol fraction, and the remaining fraction, of the ethanol extract of Alismatis rhizoma (AR). MATERIALS AND METHODS The single dose of the petroleum ether fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction, the n-buthanol fraction, and the remaining fraction, of the ethanol extract of AR were orally administered to rats. Urinary excretion rate, pH and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats. RESULTS In this study, the 100 and 400mg/kg doses of the ethyl acetate fraction and the 12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses of the n-butanol fraction all produced an increase in urine volume excretion, and all produced a remarkable increase in urine electrolyte excretion. Although the 800mg/kg doses of the ethyl acetate fraction, the 75 and 100mg/kg doses of the n-butanol fraction and the 12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses of the remaining fraction significantly decreased the urine output in 6h, the urine Na(+) and Cl(-) excretion were markedly decreased with the n-butanol fraction (75 and 100mg/kg doses) and the remaining fraction (12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses) while the ethyl acetate fraction at 800mg/kg doses had slight effect on urine electrolyte excretion. The petroleum ether fraction did not show remarkable diuretic activity in comparison with control group. CONCLUSIONS Our present study determined that the ethyl acetate fraction and the n-butanol fraction present notable diuretic effects, and we found a dual effect on renal function showed by AR, including promoting diuretic activity and inhibiting diuretic activity. The components with strong polarities in AR may have anti-diuretic activities, which might be an effect of promoting the sodium-chloride co-transporter in the distal tubule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ya-Long Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ting Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Lu Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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3141
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Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is an important public health problem with increased incidence and prevalence worldwide. Current clinical biomarkers, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol lack the necessary specificity and sensitivity and only increase significantly after serious dyslipidemia. Therefore, sensitive biomarkers are needed for hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia-specific biomarkers would improve clinical diagnosis and therapeutic treatment at early disease stages. The aim of metabolomics is to identify untargeted and global small-molecule metabolite profiles from cells, biofluids, and tissues. This method offers the potential for a holistic approach to improve disease diagnoses and our understanding of underlying pathologic mechanisms. This review summarizes analytical techniques, data collection and analysis for metabolomics, and metabolomics in hyperlipidemia animal models and clinical studies. Mechanisms of hypolipemia and antilipemic drug therapy are also discussed. Metabolomics provides a new opportunity to gain insight into metabolic profiling and pathophysiologic mechanisms of hyperlipidemia.
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3142
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Zhang SN, Li XZ, wang Y, zhang N, Yang ZM, Liu SM, Lu F. Neuroprotection or neurotoxicity? new insights into the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus harms on nervous system through cerebral metabolomics analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:290-300. [PMID: 25223591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acanthopanax senticosus harms (AS), also called "Ciwujia" in Chinese and "Siberian ginseng" in the Siberian Taiga region, is the herb used in traditional medicinal systems in China and Russia, which has been applied to the treatment of various nervous and cerebrovascular diseases, such as depression, mental fatigue, and transient global cerebral ischemia. The previous research works usually tended to focus on the neuroprotective effects of AS, but ignored its additional effects that are not entirely beneficial to the nervous system. Therefore, to discover the potential intervention targets of AS and evaluate their roles in the nervous system are the urgent problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) coupled with pattern recognition methods were integrated to investigate the metabolic profiles of AS-treated rats. The analysis of possible pathways influenced by AS was performed by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) with MetPA. RESULTS Treated with AS, 16 modulated metabolites were identified and considered as the potential intervention targets of AS, out of which 3 metabolites had protective effects on the nervous system, whereas 7 metabolites showed the neurotoxicity. CONCLUSION These results may reveal that the effects of AS on nervous system had two sides, and it could not only exert the neuroprotection but also produce some potential neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-nan Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Xu-zhao Li
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu wang
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Na zhang
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zhi-ming Yang
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shu-min Liu
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China; Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| | - Fang Lu
- Chinese Medicine Toxicological Laboratory, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, He Ping Road 24, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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3143
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Hsu PL, Horng LY, Peng KY, Wu CL, Sung HC, Wu RT. Activation of mitochondrial function and Hb expression in non-haematopoietic cells by an EPO inducer ameliorates ischaemic diseases in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1461-76. [PMID: 23530756 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many organs suffer from ischaemic injuries that reduce their ability to generate sufficient energy, which is required for functional maintenance and repair. Erythropoietin (EPO) ameliorates ischaemic injuries by pleiotropic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of a small molecule EH-201, and found it as a potent EPO inducer and its effect in non-haematopoietic cells for therapeutic potential in ischemic disorders. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice kidney slices, primary hepatocytes, primary cardiomyocytes and C2C12 myoblasts were treated with EH-201. The effects of this treatment on EPO, Hb expression and mitochondrial biogenesis were analysed. In vivo, doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathic mice were treated with EH-201. The mice were subjected to an endurance test, electrocardiography and echocardiography, and a histological examination of the isolated hearts was performed. EH-201 was also administered to cisplatin-induced nephropathic mice. KEY RESULTS In non-haematopoietic cells, EH-201 was potent at inducing EPO. EH-201 also stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced the expression of Hb by a mechanism dependent on EPO-mediated signalling. In mechanistic studies, using EPO and EPO receptor-neutralizing antibodies, we confirmed that EH-201 enhances EPO-EPOR autocrine activity. EH-201 robustly increased the endurance performance activity of healthy and cardiomyopathic mice during hypoxic stress, enhanced myocardial mitochondrial biogenesis and Hb expression, and also improved cardiac function. EH-201 ameliorated anaemia and renal dysfunction in nephropathic mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The enhancement and recovery of cellular functions through the stimulation of mitochondrial activity and Hb production in non-haematopoietic cells by an inducer of endogenous EPO has potential as a therapeutic strategy for ischaemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lun Hsu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3144
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Abstract
Nephrotoxicity or renal toxicity can be a result of hemodynamic changes, direct injury to cells and tissue, inflammatory tissue injury, and/or obstruction of renal excretion. Nephrotoxicity is frequently induced by a wide spectrum of therapeutic drugs and environ mental pollutants. Knowledge of the complex molecular and pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to nephrotoxicity remains limited, in part, by research that historically focused on single or relatively few risk markers. As such, current kidney injury biomarkers are inadequate in terms of sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, metabolomics enables screening of a vast array of metabolites simultaneously using NMR and MS to assess their role in nephrotoxicity development and progression. A more comprehensive understanding of these biochemical pathways would also provide valuable insight to disease mechanisms critical for drug development and treatment.
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3145
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Peng Z, Chen W, Gao S, Su L, Li N, Wang L, Lou Z, Dong X, Guo Z. Therapeutic effect of Xue Niao An on glyoxylate-induced calcium oxalate crystal deposition based on urinary metabonomics approach. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 55:184-90. [PMID: 25411524 PMCID: PMC4227831 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-nephrolithiasis effect of Xue Niao An (XNA) capsules is explored by analyzing urine metabolic profiles in mouse models, with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). An animal model of calcium oxalate crystal renal deposition was established in mice by intra-abdominal injection of glyoxylate. Then, treatment with XNA by intra-gastric administration was performed. At the end of the study, calcium deposition in kidney was measured by Von Kossa staining under light microscopy, and the Von Kossa staining changes showed that XNA significantly alleviated the calcium oxalate crystal deposition. Meanwhile, urine samples for fifteen metabolites, including amino acids and fatty acids, with significant differences were detected in the calcium oxalate group, while XNA treatment attenuated metabolic imbalances. Our study indicated that the metabonomic strategy provided comprehensive insight on the metabolic response to XNA treatment of rodent renal calcium oxalate deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjiang Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Songyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Su
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3146
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Kobayashi T, Matsumura Y, Ozawa T, Yanai H, Iwasawa A, Kamachi T, Fujiwara K, Tanaka N, Kohno M. Exploration of novel predictive markers in rat plasma of the early stages of chronic renal failure. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:1365-76. [PMID: 24232639 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To identify blood markers for early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), blood samples were collected from rats with adenine-induced CKD over 28 days. Plasma samples were subjected to metabolomic profiling by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, followed by multivariate analyses. In addition to already-identified uremic toxins, we found that plasma concentrations of N6-succinyl adenosine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine 20:4, and glycocholic acid were altered, and that these changes during early CKD were more sensitive markers than creatinine concentration, a universal indicator of renal dysfunction. Moreover, the increase in plasma indoxyl sulfate concentration occurred earlier than increases in phenyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate. These novel metabolites may serve as biomarkers in identifying early stage CKD.
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3147
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Zhao YY, Cheng XL, Vaziri ND, Liu S, Lin RC. UPLC-based metabonomic applications for discovering biomarkers of diseases in clinical chemistry. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:16-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3148
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Tsai DS, Chang YS, Li TC, Peng WH. Prescription pattern of Chinese herbal products for hypertension in Taiwan: a population-based study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1534-1540. [PMID: 25091464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been commonly used in Asia country. The aim of this study is to analyze the utilization of TCM among hypertensive patients in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS The use of TCM for primary hypertensive patients was evaluated using a randomly sampled cohort of 1,000,0s recruited from the National Health Insurance Research Database in 5-year period from 2006 to 2010. RESULTS Overall, 49.7% (n=42,586) of primary hypertension utilized TCM and 12.1% (n=5132) of them used TCM for the treatment of hypertension. Among the top 10 most frequently prescribed herbal formulae, Tian-Ma-Gou-Teng-Yin, Gout-Teng-San, Liu-Wei-Di-Huang-Wang and its derivatives were found to be the most common herbal formulae prescribed by TCM doctors for the treatment of hypertension in Taiwan. CONCLUSION This study showed the utilization pattern of Chinese herbal product in patients with hypertension. Further researches and clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these Chinese formulae or its ingredients in treating hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Der-Shiang Tsai
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Huang Peng
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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3149
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Zhang J, Sun R, Chen Y, Tan K, Wei H, Yin L, Pu Y. Small molecule metabolite biomarker candidates in urine from mice exposed to formaldehyde. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16458-68. [PMID: 25233128 PMCID: PMC4200854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a ubiquitous compound used in a wide variety of industries, and is also a major indoor pollutant emitted from building materials, furniture, etc. Because FA is rapidly metabolized and endogenous to many materials, specific biomarkers for exposure have not been identified. In this study, we identified small metabolite biomarkers in urine that might be related FA exposure. Mice were allowed to inhale FA (0, 4, 8 mg/m3) 6 h per day for 7 consecutive days, and urine samples were collected on the 7th day of exposure. Liquid chromatography coupled with time of flight-mass spectrometry and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to determine alterations of endogenous metabolites in urine. Additionally, immune toxicity studies were conducted to ensure that any resultant toxic effects could be attributed to inhalation of FA. The results showed a significant decrease in the relative rates of T lymphocyte production in the spleen and thymus of mice exposed to FA. Additionally, decreased superoxide dismutase activity and increased reactive oxygen species levels were found in the isolated spleen cells of exposed mice. A total of 12 small molecules were found to be altered in the urine, and PCA analysis showed that urine from the control and FA exposed groups could be distinguished from each other based on the altered molecules. Hippuric acid and cinnamoylglycine were identified in urine using exact mass and fragment ions. Our results suggest that the pattern of metabolites found in urine is significantly changed following FA inhalation, and hippuric acid and cinnamoylglycine might represent potential biomarker candidates for FA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Kehong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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3150
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Song C, Liu M, Xing Y, Guo S. ESTs analysis of putative genes engaged in Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial development. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15951-62. [PMID: 25210845 PMCID: PMC4200805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus is one of the most widely used and precious medicinal fungi and the underground sclerotia are known to be with great medicinal value. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in sclerotial development are poorly understood. In the present study, we constructed a forward suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of Polyporus umbellatus to identify genes expressing differently between mycelium and sclerotia. In this library, a total of 1202 clones were sequenced, assembled into 222 contigs and 524 singletons which were further searched against the NCBI nonredundant (NR) protein database (E-value cutoff, 10−5). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, 378 sequences between mycelium and sclerotial were identified and classified into different functional categories through Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs). We have finally identified a majority of differentially expressed genes (constituting 5.6% of the present library) between the two different periods. An expression level of 32 selected expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from the above SSH cDNA library was studied through RT-PCR. This study provides the first global overview of genes putatively involved in Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial development and provides a preliminary basis for further functional research in terms of regulated gene expression in sclerotial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yongmei Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shunxing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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