301
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Gooyit M, Lee M, Schroeder VA, Ikejiri M, Suckow MA, Mobashery S, Chang M. Selective water-soluble gelatinase inhibitor prodrugs. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6676-90. [PMID: 21866961 DOI: 10.1021/jm200566e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
SB-3CT (1), a selective and potent thiirane-based gelatinase inhibitor, is effective in animal models of cancer metastasis and stroke; however, it is limited by poor aqueous solubility and extensive metabolism. We addressed these issues by blocking the primary site of metabolism and capitalizing on a prodrug strategy to achieve >5000-fold increased solubility. The amide prodrugs were quantitatively hydrolyzed in human blood to a potent gelatinase inhibitor, ND-322 (3). The arginyl amide prodrug (ND-478, 5d) was metabolically stable in mouse, rat, and human liver microsomes. Both 5d and 3 were nonmutagenic in the Ames II mutagenicity assay. The prodrug 5d showed moderate clearance of 0.0582 L/min/kg, remained mostly in the extracellular fluid compartment (Vd = 0.0978 L/kg), and had a terminal half-life of >4 h. The prodrug 5d had superior pharmacokinetic properties than those of 3, making the thiirane class of selective gelatinase inhibitors suitable for intravenous administration in the treatment of acute gelatinase-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Major Gooyit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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302
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303
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Abstract
The prodrug concept has been used to improve undesirable properties of drugs since the late 19th century, although it was only at the end of the 1950s that the actual term prodrug was introduced for the first time. Prodrugs are inactive, bioreversible derivatives of active drug molecules that must undergo an enzymatic and/or chemical transformation in vivo to release the active parent drug, which can then elicit its desired pharmacological effect in the body. In most cases, prodrugs are simple chemical derivatives that are only one or two chemical or enzymatic steps away from the active parent drug. However, some prodrugs lack an obvious carrier or promoiety but instead result from a molecular modification of the prodrug itself, which generates a new active compound. Numerous prodrugs designed to overcome formulation, delivery, and toxicity barriers to drug utilization have reached the market. In fact, approximately 20% of all small molecular drugs approved during the period 2000 to 2008 were prodrugs. Although the development of a prodrug can be very challenging, the prodrug approach represents a feasible way to improve the erratic properties of investigational drugs or drugs already on the market. This review introduces in depth the rationale behind the use of the prodrug approach from past to present, and also considers the possible problems that can arise from inadequate activation of prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina M Huttunen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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304
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Bai KK, Chen FL, Yu Z, Zheng YQ, Li YN, Guo YH. Synthesis of [3β-acetoxy-urs-12-en-28-oyl]-1-monoglyceride and investigation on its anti tumor effects against BGC-823. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4043-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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305
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Improved Ziprasidone Formulations with Enhanced Bioavailability in the Fasted State and a Reduced Food Effect. Pharm Res 2011; 28:3159-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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306
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Fischer SM, Flaten GE, Hagesæther E, Fricker G, Brandl M. In-vitro permeability of poorly water soluble drugs in the phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay: the influence of nonionic surfactants. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:1022-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of nonionic surfactants on drug permeability using the phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay (PVPA), which excludes other than trans-membrane diffusion pathways.
Methods
Barrier integrity was monitored both by electrical resistance and permeability measurement of the hydrophilic marker calcein. Permeability of the model drugs ketoprofen and nadolol across the PVPA-barrier was measured by HPLC-UV. Micelle association of the model drugs was determined using ultrafiltration, whereby micelle-bound drug and molecular drug were separated.
Key findings
The nonionic surfactant poloxamer 188 was demonstrated not to affect barrier integrity. Drug permeability was found depressed in the presence of poloxamer 188 in a concentration-dependent manner. Both drugs were found to associate with poloxamer 188 micelles. The extent of the decrease in permeability correlated mostly, but not in all cases, with the fraction of micelle-bound drug.
Conclusions
Micelle association was one important but not the only factor affecting drug permeability across the PVPA-barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Maud Fischer
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Campusvej, Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg
| | | | - Ellen Hagesæther
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Campusvej, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Gert Fricker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Campusvej, Odense M, Denmark
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307
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Jia Z, Lin P, Xiang Y, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q. A novel nanomatrix system consisted of colloidal silica and pH-sensitive polymethylacrylate improves the oral bioavailability of fenofibrate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:126-34. [PMID: 21658449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel solid particle system with a nanomatrix structure and without surfactant for the oral delivery of insoluble drugs was prepared. This used a combination of pH-sensitive polymethylacrylate and nano-porous silica, in order to improve the drug absorption using only pharmaceutical excipients and a relative simple process. The in vitro drug dissolution and in vivo oral bioavailability of this formulation, using fenofibrate as the model drug, were compared with other reference formulations such as a suspension, micronized formulation or self microemulsion drug delivery system (SMEDDS). The supersaturation stabilizing effect of different polymers was evaluated and the physicochemical characterization of the optimal formulation was conducted by SEM, TEM, surface area analysis, DSC, and XRD. The optimized formulation prepared with polymethylacrylate (Eudragit®L100-55) and silica (Sylysia®350) markedly improved the drug dissolution compared with other reference preparations and displayed a comparative oral bioavailability to the SMEDDS. Fenofibrate existed in a molecular or amorphous state in the nanomatrix, and this state was maintained for up to 1year, without obvious changes in drug release and absorption. In conclusion, the nanomatrix formulation described here is a promising system to enhance the oral bioavailability of water-insoluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengrong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
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308
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O'Driscoll C, Doonan F, Sanvicens N, Messeguer A, Cotter TG. A novel free radical scavenger rescues retinal cells in vivo. Exp Eye Res 2011; 93:65-74. [PMID: 21635890 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The benzopyran BP (3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1(2H)-benzopyran) is a free radical scavenger that is structurally similar to alpha-tocopherol and has provided neuro-protection in a number of disease models where oxidative stress is a causative factor. A novel derivative of BP with improved lipid solubility, which we have designated BP3, was synthesized and its neuro-protective efficacy subsequently analyzed in three mouse models of retinal disease in vivo. In the acute light damage model, balb/c mice received a single intra-peritoneal injection (200 mg/kg) of BP3 one hour prior to phototoxicity, reducing photoreceptor degeneration for up to 48 h post insult. In the rd10/rd10 mouse, a chronic model of inherited retinal degeneration, systemic dosing with BP3 on alternate days between post-natal day 18 and 25 preserved rod photoreceptor numbers and cone photoreceptor morphology. Finally, NMDA induced toxicity in retinal ganglion cells was diminished for at least 72 h after the initial insult by a single dose of BP3. In each disease model, BP3 alleviated cellular oxidative burden as MDA levels were markedly reduced. These results demonstrate that systemically administered BP3 has potent free radical scavenging capacity in the retina and may represent a single therapeutic strategy applicable across several retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn O'Driscoll
- Cell Development and Disease Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Bioscience Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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309
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Ng DN, Fromherz P. Genetic targeting of a voltage-sensitive dye by enzymatic activation of phosphonooxymethyl-ammonium derivative. ACS Chem Biol 2011; 6:444-51. [PMID: 21235276 DOI: 10.1021/cb100312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optical recording of action potentials in individual neurons requires cell-selective targeting with a fluorescent, voltage-sensitive probe. We report on a new labeling system that takes advantage of recent developments in prodrug-based chemistry and allows for the targeting of a lipophilic dye into the plasma membrane of genetically specified cells. With the introduction of two phosphonooxymethylammonium zwitterions into the hydrocarbon chains of an amphiphilic, voltage-sensitive hemicyanine dye, a precursor dye was formed that is water-soluble to an extent that it can no longer bind into cell membranes and hence prevents unspecific staining. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored placental alkaline phosphatase expressed in HEK293 cells converted the precursor dye to a homologue of the widely used dye di-4-ANEPPS and gave rise to excellent levels of plasma membrane localized staining. The voltage sensitivity of the enzymatically activated dye was tested and shown to be similar to sensitivity reported for di-4-ANEPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N. Ng
- Department of Membrane and Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried-München, Germany
| | - Peter Fromherz
- Department of Membrane and Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried-München, Germany
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310
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311
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312
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Agüeros M, Espuelas S, Esparza I, Calleja P, Peñuelas I, Ponchel G, Irache JM. Cyclodextrin-poly(anhydride) nanoparticles as new vehicles for oral drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:721-34. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.572069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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313
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Wang Y, Wang C, Fu S, Liu Q, Dou D, Lv H, Fan M, Guo G, Luo F, Qian Z. Preparation of Tacrolimus loaded micelles based on poly(ɛ-caprolactone)–poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(ɛ-caprolactone). Int J Pharm 2011; 407:184-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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314
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Dry elixir formulations of dexibuprofen for controlled release and enhanced oral bioavailability. Int J Pharm 2011; 404:301-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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315
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Vukomanović M, Škapin SD, Poljanšek I, Žagar E, Kralj B, Ignjatović N, Uskoković D. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite core–shell nanosphere. Part 2: Simultaneous release of a drug and a prodrug (clindamycin and clindamycin phosphate). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 82:414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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316
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Sams AG, Mikkelsen GK, Larsen M, Langgård M, Howells ME, Schrøder TJ, Brennum LT, Torup L, Jørgensen EB, Bundgaard C, Kreilgård M, Bang-Andersen B. Discovery of Phosphoric Acid Mono-{2-[(E/Z)-4-(3,3-dimethyl-butyrylamino)-3,5-difluoro-benzoylimino]-thiazol-3-ylmethyl} Ester (Lu AA47070): A Phosphonooxymethylene Prodrug of a Potent and Selective hA2A Receptor Antagonist. J Med Chem 2011; 54:751-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1008659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anette G. Sams
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Gitte K. Mikkelsen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mogens Larsen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Morten Langgård
- Computational Chemistry, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mark E. Howells
- Process Research, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Tenna J. Schrøder
- Molecular Pharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Lise T. Brennum
- In vivo Neuropharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Lars Torup
- In vivo Neuropharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Erling B. Jørgensen
- Preformulation, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Bundgaard
- Discovery ADME, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mads Kreilgård
- Discovery ADME, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Benny Bang-Andersen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
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317
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Duan RL, Sun X, Liu J, Gong T, Zhang ZR. Mixed micelles loaded with silybin-polyene phosphatidylcholine complex improve drug solubility. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:108-15. [PMID: 21170082 PMCID: PMC4003320 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To prepare a novel formulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC)-bile salts (BS)-mixed micelles (MMs) loaded with silybin (SLB)-PC complex for parenteral applications. METHODS SLB-PC-BS-MMs were prepared using the co-precipitation method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was used to confirm the formation of the complex and several parameters were optimized to obtain a high quality formulation. The water-solubility, drug loading, particle size, zeta potential, morphology and in vivo properties of the SLB-PC-BS-MMs were determined. RESULTS The solubility of SLB in water was increased from 40.83 ± 1.18 μg/mL to 10.14 ± 0.36 mg/mL with a high drug loading (DL) of 14.43% ± 0.44% under optimized conditions. The SLB-PC-BS-MMs were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and showed spherical shapes. The particle size and zeta potential, as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), were about 30 ± 4.8 nm and -39 ± 5.0 mV, respectively. In vivo studies showed that incorporation of the SLB-PC complex into PC-BS-MMs led to a prolonged circulation time of the drug. CONCLUSION This novel formulation appears to be a good candidate for drug substances that exhibit poor solubility for parenteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-ling Duan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi-rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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318
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Yuan H, Lu LJ, Du YZ, Hu FQ. Stearic acid-g-chitosan polymeric micelle for oral drug delivery: in vitro transport and in vivo absorption. Mol Pharm 2010; 8:225-38. [PMID: 21138243 DOI: 10.1021/mp100289v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stearic acid-g-chitosan (low molecular weight chitosan CS-SA) with different amino-substituted degrees was synthesized and evaluated as an oral delivery vehicle in this paper. Synthesized CS-SA with 4.47%, 24.36% and 40.36% amino-substituted degree (SD) could form micelles by self-aggregation in aqueous medium. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) ranged from about 0.16 to 0.25 mg/mL, which decreased with the increased SD of CS-SA. The CS-SA micelles had 33.4-130.9 nm size and 22.9- 48.4 mV zeta potential. CS-SA with higher SD had the smaller size and the higher zeta potential. The permeability and possible transport route of CS-SA micelles across the gastrointestinal tract was investigated by in vitro model Caco-2 cells. The results exhibited that the CS-SA micelles had good permeability, and the permeability enhanced with increasing SD of the CS-SA. The transport of the micelles showed energy, pH and concentration dependent transcytosis process, mainly through macropinocytosis and partly via fluid-phase transcytosis and caveolar route. The reversible decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) by treatment of micelles suggested that paracellular transport pathway was another route of the micelles crossing the gastrointestinal tract. Using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug, the permeation results further demonstrated that the DOX transport mediated by CS-SA micelles could avoid efflux via P-glycoprotein. In vivo study demonstrated that the micelles could significantly improve the bioavailability of encapsulated drug. The results presented that the CS-SA with higher SD was a promising vehicle for oral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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319
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Anbharasi V, Cao N, Feng SS. Doxorubicin conjugated to D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate and folic acid as a prodrug for targeted chemotherapy. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 94:730-43. [PMID: 20225211 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This research developed a prodrug strategy to conjugate doxorubicin (DOX) to D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) and folic acid (FOL) for targeted chemotherapy to enhance the therapeutic effects and reduce the side effects of the drug. We synthesized two conjugates, TPGS-DOX and TPGS-DOX-FOL, to quantitatively evaluate the advantages of TPGS conjugation and FOL conjugation through passive and active targeting effects. The successful conjugation was confirmed by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro drug release was found pH dependent, which is in favor of cancer treatment. The in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were evaluated with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. It was found that the cellular uptake of DOX increased 15.2% by TPGS conjugation and further 6.3% by FOL conjugation after 0.5-h cell culture. The IC(50) after 24-h cell culture with MCF-7 cancer cells showed that TPGS-DOX conjugate could be 1.19-fold effective versus DOX and that TPGS-DOX-FOL could be 38.6-fold effective than TPGS-DOX and thus 45.0-fold more effective versus DOX. In vivo experiment showed that the half-life of TPGS-DOX and TPGS-DOX-FOL were increased 3.79- and 3.9-fold than the free DOX, and the area under the curve were increased 19.2- and 14.5-fold than the DOX, respectively. The biodistribution data showed that TPGS-DOX and TPGS-DOX-FOL significantly lowered drug accumulation in the heart, thereby reducing the cardiotoxicity, which is the main side effect of the DOX. Furthermore, TPGS-DOX can limit, and TPGS-DOX-FOL can further deduce, the gastrointestinal side effect of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanangamudi Anbharasi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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320
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Zuorro A, Fidaleo M, Lavecchia R. Solubility Enhancement and Antibacterial Activity of Chloramphenicol Includedin Modified β-Cyclodextrins. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.11.3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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321
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Yao W, Sun K, Mu H, Liang N, Liu Y, Yao C, Liang R, Wang A. Preparation and characterization of puerarin–dendrimer complexes as an ocular drug delivery system. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1027-35. [DOI: 10.3109/03639041003610799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hongjie Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Na Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chen Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Rongcai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
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322
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323
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Van Eerdenbrugh B, Baird JA, Taylor LS. Crystallization Tendency of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Following Rapid Solvent Evaporation—Classification and Comparison with Crystallization Tendency from Under cooled Melts. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:3826-38. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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324
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Parise Filho R, Polli MC, Barberato Filho S, Garcia M, Ferreira EI. Prodrugs available on the Brazilian pharmaceutical market and their corresponding bioactivation pathways. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502010000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to emphasize the importance of prodrug design to therapy, by examining examples available on the Brazilian pharmaceutical market. The principles of prodrug design are briefly discussed herein. Examples of prodrugs from many important therapeutic classes are shown and their advantages relative to the drugs they are derived from are also discussed. Considering the importance of these therapeutic classes, from both therapy and economic standpoints, prodrug design is a very valuable aspect in the research of new drugs and for the pharmaceutical industry as a whole.
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325
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Zaki NM, Artursson P, Bergström CAS. A modified physiological BCS for prediction of intestinal absorption in drug discovery. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1478-87. [PMID: 20734997 DOI: 10.1021/mp100124f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of physiologically relevant media on the compound position in a biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) which resembled the intestinal absorption was investigated. Both solubility and permeability limited compounds (n = 22) were included to analyze the importance of each of these on the final absorption. Solubility was determined in three different dissolution media, phosphate buffer pH 6.5 (PhB 6.5), fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF), and fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIF) at 37 °C, and permeability values were determined using the 2/4/A1 cell line. The solubility data and membrane permeability values were used for sorting the compounds into a BCS modified to reflect the fasted and fed state. Three of the seven compounds sorted as BCS II in PhB 6.5 (high permeability, low solubility) changed their position to BCS I when dissolved in FaSSIF and/or FeSSIF (high permeability, high solubility). These were low dosed (20 mg or less) lipophilic molecules displaying solvation limited solubility. In contrast, compounds having solid-state limited solubility had a minor increase in solubility when dissolved in FaSSIF and/or FeSSIF. Although further studies are needed to enable general cutoff values, our study indicates that low dosed BCS Class II compounds which have solubility normally restricted by poor solvation may behave as BCS Class I compounds in vivo. The large series of compounds investigated herein reveals the importance of investigating solubility and dissolution under physiologically relevant conditions in all stages of the drug discovery process to push suitable compounds forward, to select proper formulations, and to reduce the risk of food effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Zaki
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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326
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Zhang Z, Bu H, Gao Z, Huang Y, Gao F, Li Y. The characteristics and mechanism of simvastatin loaded lipid nanoparticles to increase oral bioavailability in rats. Int J Pharm 2010; 394:147-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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327
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Fagerberg JH, Tsinman O, Sun N, Tsinman K, Avdeef A, Bergström CAS. Dissolution Rate and Apparent Solubility of Poorly Soluble Drugs in Biorelevant Dissolution Media. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1419-30. [DOI: 10.1021/mp100049m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas H. Fagerberg
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
| | - Oksana Tsinman
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
| | - Na Sun
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
| | - Konstantin Tsinman
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
| | - Alex Avdeef
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
| | - Christel A. S. Bergström
- The Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden, and pION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
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328
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Lee J, Bae S, Lee SH, Choi H, Kim YH, Kim SJ, Park GT, Moon SK, Kim DH, Lee S, Ahn SK, Choi NS, Lee KJ. Discovery of a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor: synthesis and evaluation of water-soluble prodrugs of benzophenone analog. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6327-30. [PMID: 20850313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs have proven to be very useful in enhancing aqueous solubility of sparingly water-soluble drugs, thereby increasing in vivo efficacy without a need of special excipients. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of a number of amino acid prodrugs of 1, a previously identified potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor and cytotoxic against various cancer cell lines led to the discovery of 3·HCl (l-valine attached) which is highly efficacious in mouse xenografts bearing human cancer. Pharmacokinetic analysis in rats revealed that compound 1 was released immediately upon administration of 3·HCl intravenously, with rapid clearance of 3·HCl indicating the effective cleavage of prodrug. Compound 3·HCl (CKD-516) has now been progressed to phase 1 clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaekwang Lee
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceuticals Inc., PO Box 74, Chonan, Republic of Korea
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329
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Effective screening approach to select esterase inhibitors used for stabilizing ester-containing prodrugs analyzed by LC–MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:733-43. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Analysis of prodrugs, with their short half-lives, especially ester-containing ones, poses a unique challenge in developing and validating bioanalytical assays for nonclinical and clinical studies. A screening approach is needed to expeditiously select esterase inhibitors for stabilizing them during sample collection and processing. Results: The screening process consisted of three steps. Initially, nine different esterase inhibitors were screened at three different plasma concentrations against an ester prodrug. Four inhibitors were chosen for the next step, in which plasma pH and processing temperature were optimized. Finally, whole-blood stability of the prodrug was evaluated. Three inhibitors with optimized plasma pH and processing temperature were selected for further bioanalytical assay development. Conclusion: An effective approach was successfully developed to promptly select suitable esterase inhibitors for stabilizing ester-containing prodrugs.
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330
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Müller CE. Prodrug approaches for enhancing the bioavailability of drugs with low solubility. Chem Biodivers 2010; 6:2071-83. [PMID: 19937841 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Low water solubility and low bioavailability are frequent problems in drug development, particularly in the area of central nervous system (CNS) drugs. This short review describes selected prodrug approaches which have been developed to enhance the bioavailability of drugs, especially that of poorly soluble drugs. Some of the most successful drugs on the market are prodrugs. With a better understanding of active-transport processes at cell membranes in the gut as well as at the blood-brain barrier, the importance of prodrug approaches will further increase in the future. Prodrug approaches will already be considered in the early phase of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, University of Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn.
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331
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Cai X, Yang L, Zhang LM, Wu Q. Evaluation of amylose used as a drug delivery carrier. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:922-8. [PMID: 20231017 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme-dependent conjugates of indomethacin and amylose (Am-IND) were synthesized at room temperature using N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a coupling agent and 4-(N,N'-dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP) as a catalyst. Their structures were characterized by FTIR and (1)H NMR analyses, and the results indicated that the IND residues were conjugated with amylose backbones through ester bonds. For the conjugate with a lower IND content, the better water absorption property was advantageous for enzymes diffusing into the swollen conjugate, resulting in biodegradation of the conjugates and release of IND. In vitro biodegradation evaluation indicated that the Am-IND conjugates were biodegraded in the simulated media of the intestines. In vitro drug release experiments showed that the Am-IND conjugates exhibited a sustained release behavior in the simulated media of the intestines, while IND was hardly released in the simulated gastric fluid. These features provide a great opportunity to use the conjugates as a prodrug for intestinally targeted and controlled release of IND through oral administration. This study may lead to the development of effective methods for utilizing amylose as a new drug delivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cai
- Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, BME Center, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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332
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Wang J, Hu Y, Li L, Jiang T, Wang S, Mo F. Indomethacin-5-fluorouracil-methyl ester dry emulsion: a potential oral delivery system for 5-fluorouracil. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:647-56. [DOI: 10.3109/03639040903410318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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333
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Spanedda MV, Heurtault B, Weidner S, Baehr C, Boeglin E, Beyrath J, Milosevic S, Bourel-Bonnet L, Fournel S, Frisch B. Novel powerful water-soluble lipid immunoadjuvants inducing mouse dendritic cell maturation and B cell proliferation using TLR2 pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1869-72. [PMID: 20172719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Four novel water-soluble lipid immunoadjuvants were designed, synthesized and characterized by MS and NMR. They all induce mouse dendritic cell maturation and B cell proliferation. We demonstrate that in spite of the chemical modification, the four compounds remain TLR2 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Spanedda
- Equipe de Biovectorologie, Laboratoire de Conception et Application des Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch Cedex, France
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334
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Zhao Y, Pourgholami MH, Morris DL, Collins JG, Day AI. Enhanced cytotoxicity of benzimidazole carbamate derivatives and solubilisation by encapsulation in cucurbit[n]uril. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3328-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c003732j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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335
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Jouyban A, Soltanpour S. Solubility of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride in Binary Mixtures of Polyethylene Glycol 400 with Ethanol, Propylene Glycol, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and Water at 25 .DEG.C. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:1132-5. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahla Soltanpour
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
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336
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337
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Wu ST, Cao K, Bonacorsi SJ, Zhang H, Jemal M. Distinguishing a phosphate ester prodrug from its isobaric sulfate metabolite by mass spectrometry without the metabolite standard. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3107-3113. [PMID: 19714709 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A phosphate prodrug of a phenolic or alcoholic drug is isobaric with the putative sulfate metabolite of the drug. During liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis of biological samples obtained after the administration of a phosphate prodrug, a product ion arising from the parent drug portion of the prodrug molecule is commonly used in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) utilized for the simultaneous quantitation of the prodrug and the in vivo generated parent drug. While the advantage of using a drug moiety-specific LC-SRM method is obvious, one drawback is that the sulfate metabolite will also respond to such an SRM transition since the metabolite will invariably yield the same product ion as the prodrug. Thus, the sulfate metabolite could be mistaken for the prodrug unless chromatographic separation between the two is achieved. In the absence of a reference standard for the sulfate metabolite to demonstrate chromatographic separation, it is important to establish a procedure that can ascertain the absence of the sulfate metabolite in the study samples to ensure the specificity of the method for the prodrug. To this end, we studied the MS/MS behavior of model phosphate and sulfate ester compounds and developed a procedure based on phosphate-specific and sulfate-specific product ions for distinguishing the phosphate prodrug from the sulfate metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development, Bioanalytical and Discovery Analytical Sciences, Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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338
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Fu L, Jiang Z, Cai Z, Liu X, He H, Yang Y. Water-soluble phosphate prodrugs of pleuromutilin analogues with potent in vivo antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5407-10. [PMID: 19682897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A phosphate prodrug strategy was investigated to address the problem of poor aqueous solubility of pleuromutilin analogues. Water-soluble phosphate prodrugs 6a, 6b and 6c of pleuromutilin analogues were designed and synthesized. Three compounds all exhibited excellent aqueous solubility (>50mg/mL) at near-neutral pH and sufficient stability in buffer solution. In particular, the phenol pleuromutilin prodrug 6c displayed favourable pharmacokinetic profiles and comparable potency with vancomycin against MSSA and MRSA strains in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20103, China
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339
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Brouwers J, Brewster ME, Augustijns P. Supersaturating Drug Delivery Systems: The Answer to Solubility-Limited Oral Bioavailability? J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:2549-72. [PMID: 19373886 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 690] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Brouwers
- Laboratory for Pharmacotechnology and Biopharmacy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Gasthuisberg O/N 2 - Herestraat 49, Box 921, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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340
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Saxena V, Panicucci R, Joshi Y, Garad S. Developability assessment in pharmaceutical industry: An integrated group approach for selecting developable candidates. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1962-79. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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341
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Marathe PH, Kamath AV, Zhang Y, D’Arienzo C, Bhide R, Fargnoli J. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and in vitro metabolism of brivanib (BMS-540215), a potent VEGFR2 inhibitor and its alanine ester prodrug brivanib alaninate. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2009; 65:55-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-009-1002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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342
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Wang C, Barluenga S, Koripelly GK, Fontaine JG, Chen R, Yu JC, Shen X, Chabala JC, Heck JV, Rubenstein A, Winssinger N. Synthesis of pochoxime prodrugs as potent HSP90 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3836-40. [PMID: 19410458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pochoximes are potent inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) based on the radicicol pharmacophores. Herein we present a pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics evaluation of this compound series as well as a phosphate prodrug strategy to facilitate formulation and improve oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Wang
- Institute de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoleculaires, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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343
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Nollenberger K, Gryczke A, Meier C, Dressman J, Schmidt M, Brühne S. Pair distribution function X‐ray analysis explains dissolution characteristics of felodipine melt extrusion products. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1476-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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344
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Kim S, Kim JH, Jeon O, Kwon IC, Park K. Engineered polymers for advanced drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 71:420-30. [PMID: 18977434 PMCID: PMC2794279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineered polymers have been utilized for developing advanced drug delivery systems. The development of such polymers has caused advances in polymer chemistry, which, in turn, has resulted in smart polymers that can respond to changes in environmental condition such as temperature, pH, and biomolecules. The responses vary widely from swelling/deswelling to degradation. Drug-polymer conjugates and drug-containing nano/micro-particles have been used for drug targeting. Engineered polymers and polymeric systems have also been used in new areas, such as molecular imaging as well as in nanotechnology. This review examines the engineered polymers that have been used as traditional drug delivery systems and as more recent applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Oju Jeon
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
| | - Kinam Park
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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345
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Bailey MM, Berkland CJ. Nanoparticle formulations in pulmonary drug delivery. Med Res Rev 2009; 29:196-212. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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346
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Tulla-Puche J, Torres Á, Calvo P, Royo M, Albericio F. N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylchloroformamidinium Hexafluorophosphate (TCFH), a Powerful Coupling Reagent for Bioconjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1968-71. [DOI: 10.1021/bc8002327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Tulla-Puche
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, PharmaMar, S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Spain, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Torres
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, PharmaMar, S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Spain, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Calvo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, PharmaMar, S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Spain, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Royo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, PharmaMar, S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Spain, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, PharmaMar, S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Spain, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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347
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Jain NK, Gupta U. Application of dendrimer–drug complexation in the enhancement of drug solubility and bioavailability. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4:1035-52. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.4.8.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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348
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Gille L, Rosenau T, Kozlov A, Gregor W. Ubiquinone and tocopherol: Dissimilar siblings. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 76:289-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 04/06/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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349
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Knipe JO, Mosure KW. Nonclinical pharmacokinetics of BMS‐292655, a water‐soluble prodrug of the antifungal ravuconazole. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2008; 29:270-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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350
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Noguchi M, Skwarczynski M, Prakash H, Hirota S, Kimura T, Hayashi Y, Kiso Y. Development of novel water-soluble photocleavable protective group and its application for design of photoresponsive paclitaxel prodrugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5389-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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