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Lu Z, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Hua P, Fang M, Wu M, Liu T. Isoalantolactone induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-dependent upregulation of death receptor 5 in human esophageal cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 352:46-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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302
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Shi P, Sun J, He B, Song H, Li Z, Kong W, Wang J, Wang J, Xue H. Profiles of differentially expressed circRNAs in esophageal and breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:2207-2221. [PMID: 30087579 PMCID: PMC6061203 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s167863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as efficient microRNA sponges with gene-regulatory potential and are promising cancer biomarkers. In this study, we used the Arraystar Human circRNA Array to construct a genome-wide circRNA profile of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and breast cancer (BC). Patients and methods Expression levels between cancer lesions and adjacent normal-appearing tissues were compared. We observed 469 upregulated circRNAs and 275 downregulated circRNAs in ESCC. Hsa_circRNA_103670 was upregulated 20.3-fold, while hsa_circRNA_030162 was downregulated 12.1-fold. For BC, 715 circRNAs were upregulated, and 440 circRNAs were downregulated. Hsa_circRNA_005230 was upregulated 12.2-fold, while hsa_circRNA_406225 was downregulated 12.4-fold. Results When we set the criteria as fold change in expression ≥2 between cancer and adjacent normal-appearing tissue with a P-value <0.01, there were 22 common circRNAs (11 upregulated and 11 downregulated) in relation to both ESCC and BC. Gene ontology and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses showed that these circRNAs were involved in the tumorigenesis of human cancers. Conclusion Our study revealed that circRNAs are promising candidates as valuable biomarkers for ESCC and BC, although relevant research is still in its infancy and the functional role of specific circRNAs in tumorigenesis is just starting to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyu He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
| | - Huan Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhongqi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong, Yangzhong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hengchuan Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong, Yangzhong, People's Republic of China,
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303
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Koizumi S, Motoyama S, Iijima K. Is the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma increasing in Japan? Trends from the data of a hospital-based registration system in Akita Prefecture, Japan. J Gastroenterol 2018; 53:827-833. [PMID: 29134330 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, squamous cell carcinoma accounts for most esophageal cancers in Japan; however, there is concern that the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Japan is increasing in comparison to Western countries. Akita Prefecture, with a population of 1 million, has the highest rate of esophageal cancer-associated mortality in Japan; the vast majority of these cases are squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to investigate the latest trends in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Akita Prefecture using a registration system. METHODS We examined the data from a collaborative hospital-based registration system for cancer patients. Eleven of the main hospitals in Akita Prefecture participate in this system, which covers 90% of the cancer cases in the region and which provides near population-based data. Using this registration system, we examined the sequential trends in the percentage of adenocarcinoma cases in relation to total esophageal cancer cases in Akita Prefecture from 2007 to 2014. RESULTS In 2007-2014, a total of 2527 esophageal cancer patients were registered in the system. Among these, only 43 (1.8%) had adenocarcinoma. However, the number of adenocarcinoma patients gradually increased from 1 case in 2007 to 14 cases in 2014. Consequently, the percentage of adenocarcinoma cases showed a significant increase from 0.66% in the first 4 years of the study period to 2.5% in the latter 4 years of the study period (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The latest hospital-based registration data for 2007-2014 suggest that the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma may have begun to increase in Akita Prefecture; this may reflect recent trends in other parts of Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, Japan.
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304
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Fankhauser CD, Mostafid H. Genetic polymorphisms may explain association between alcohol consumption and bladder cancer risk in East Asian men. Transl Androl Urol 2018; 7:S252-S254. [PMID: 29928627 PMCID: PMC5989115 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2018.04.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugh Mostafid
- Department of Urology, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Egerton Road, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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305
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Huang B, Zhong N, Xia L, Yu G, Cao H. Sparse Representation-Based Patient-Specific Diagnosis and Treatment for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Bull Math Biol 2018; 80:2124-2136. [PMID: 29869044 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-018-0449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine and personalized treatment have attracted attention in recent years. However, most genetic medicines mainly target one genetic site, while complex diseases like esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) usually present heterogeneity that involves variations of many genetic markers. Here, we seek an approach to leverage genetic data and ESCC knowledge data to forward personalized diagnosis and treatment for ESCC. First, 851 ESCC-related gene markers and their druggability were studied through a comprehensive literature analysis. Then, a sparse representation-based variable selection (SRVS) was employed for patient-specific genetic marker selection using gene expression datasets. Results showed that the SRVS method could identify a unique gene vector for each patient group, leading to significantly higher classification accuracies compared to randomly selected genes (100, 97.17, 100, 100%; permutation p values: 0.0032, 0.0008, 0.0004, and 0.0008). The SRVS also outperformed an ANOVA-based gene selection method in terms of the classification ratio. The patient-specific gene markers are targets of ESCC effective drugs, providing specific guidance for medicine selection. Our results suggest the effectiveness of integrating previous database utilizing SRVS in assisting personalized medicine selection and treatment for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, No. 163 Shoushan Rd, Jiangyin, 214400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of Tongling, Tongling, 215300, Anhui, China
| | - Guiping Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, No. 163 Shoushan Rd, Jiangyin, 214400, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongbao Cao
- Department of Genomics Research, R&D Solutions, Elsevier Inc., Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. .,Unit on Statistical Genomics, National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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306
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Surface Modification of Esophageal Stent Materials by a Drug-Eluting Layer for Better Anti-Restenosis Function. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8060215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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307
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Zheng H, Tang H, Wang H, Fang Y, Shen Y, Feng M, Xu S, Fan H, Ge D, Wang Q, Tan L. Nomogram to predict lymph node metastasis in patients with early oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Surg 2018; 105:1464-1470. [PMID: 29863776 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lymph node status is crucial in determining the prognosis for early oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for the prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with early SCC.
Methods
A prediction model was developed in a derivation cohort of patients with clinicopathologically confirmed early SCC. Patients who underwent oesophagectomy for pT1 SCC between January 2010 and December 2013 were identified from an institutional database. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis were assessed using a binary logistic regression modelling technique. A nomogram for the prediction of lymph node metastasis was constructed using the results of multivariable analyses. For internal validation, bootstraps with 1000 resamples were performed. The predictive performance of the nomogram was measured by Harrell's concordance index (C-index). An independent cohort from the same hospital was used to validate the nomogram. This cohort included consecutive patients with early SCC who underwent oesophagectomy from January 2014 to December 2015.
Results
The derivation cohort included 281 patients. Four variables associated with lymph node metastasis were included in the model: depth of tumour invasion (odds ratio (OR) 4·37, 95 per cent c.i. 1·59 to 12·03; P = 0·004), grade of differentiation (OR 4·47, 1·02 to 19·70; P = 0·048), tumour size (OR 2·52, 1·11 to 5·75; P = 0·028) and lymphovascular invasion (OR 6·58, 2·54 to 17·05; P < 0·001). The C-index was 0·790 (95 per cent c.i. 0·717 to 0·864) in the derivation cohort and 0·789 (0·709 to 0·869) for the validation cohort (198 patients).
Conclusion
A validated nomogram for patients with early oesophageal SCC can predict the risk of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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308
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Sun H, Cai X, Zhou H, Li X, Du Z, Zou H, Wu J, Xie L, Cheng Y, Xie W, Lu X, Xu L, Chen L, Li E, Wu B. The protein-protein interaction network and clinical significance of heat-shock proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Amino Acids 2018; 50:685-697. [PMID: 29700654 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), one of the evolutionarily conserved protein families, are widely found in various organisms, and play important physiological functions. Nevertheless, HSPs have not been systematically analyzed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we applied the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network methodology to explore the characteristics of HSPs, and integrate their expression in ESCC. First, differentially expressed HSPs in ESCC were identified from our previous RNA-seq data. By constructing a specific PPI network, we found differentially expressed HSPs interacted with hundreds of neighboring proteins. Subcellular localization analyses demonstrated that HSPs and their interacting proteins distributed in multiple layers, from membrane to nucleus. Functional enrichment annotation analyses revealed known and potential functions for HSPs. KEGG pathway analyses identified four significant enrichment pathways. Moreover, three HSPs (DNAJC5B, HSPA1B, and HSPH1) could serve as promising targets for prognostic prediction in ESCC, suggesting these HSPs might play a significant role in the development of ESCC. These multiple bioinformatics analyses have provided a comprehensive view of the roles of heat-shock proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Haofeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Haiying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jianyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yinwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Wenming Xie
- Network and Information Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Longqi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Bingli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
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309
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Gu MM, Li M, Gao D, Liu LH, Lang Y, Yang SM, Ou H, Huang B, Zhou PK, Shang ZF. The vanillin derivative 6-bromine-5-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde induces aberrant mitotic progression and enhances radio-sensitivity accompanying suppression the expression of PLK1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 348:76-84. [PMID: 29679654 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common form of esophageal cancer in China. Since chemotherapy is the standard clinical intervention for advanced ESCC, the development of highly effective and minimal/non-toxic drugs is essential to improve the clinical outcome and prognosis of the patients. A novel derivative of vanillin, 6-bromine-5-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (BVAN08), has been recently reported to activate different cell death pathways in cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that BVAN08 exhibits a potent anti-proliferation effect on ESCC cells (TE-1 and ECA-109) by inhibiting the expression of PLK1, an important mitotic kinase. Consistent with this, BVAN08 induces mitotic arrest and chromosomal misalignment in ESCC cells. The disruption of microtubule nucleation around centrosomes is also observed in BVAN08 treated ESCC cells. Furthermore, BVAN08 enhances radio-sensitivity of ESCC cells by prolonging DNA damage repair. These findings underscore the potential value of BVAN08 in cancer therapeutics and demonstrate the underlying mechanism by which BVAN08 induces mitotic catastrophe and enhances radio-sensitivity in ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Dexuan Gao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, PR China
| | - Lang-Huan Liu
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Yue Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Si-Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hongling Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Public Heath, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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310
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Shahin MI, Roy J, Hanafi M, Wang D, Luesakul U, Chai Y, Muangsin N, Lasheen DS, Abou El Ella DA, Abouzid KA, Neamati N. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxamide derivatives for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:516-530. [PMID: 29908444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
No new and effective treatments have been approved for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the past decade. Cisplatin and 5-fluoruracil are the most commonly used drugs for this disease. In order to develop a new class of drugs effective in our ESCC phenotypic screens, we began a systematic approach to generate novel compounds based on the 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxamide fragment. Herein, we report on the synthesis and initial assessment of 55 new analogues in two ESCC cell lines. Some of the active analogues with IC50 values around 10 μM were tested in three additional cell lines. Our structure-activity relationships revealed remarkable alterations in the anti proliferative activities upon modest chemical modifications and autophagy modulation is a suggested mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai I Shahin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Joyeeta Roy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Maha Hanafi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Dongyao Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Urarika Luesakul
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Nongnuj Muangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Deena S Lasheen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Dalal A Abou El Ella
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62511, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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311
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Wu Y, Chen X, Liang Y, Li J, Zhang K, Dai L, Guan X, Wang K, Bai Y. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA SOX2OT promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:76. [PMID: 29849506 PMCID: PMC5970475 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) has been reported to be an important lncRNA in various cancers. SOX2 is embedded in an intron of the SOX2OT gene. But the role of SOX2OT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the association between SOX2OT and SOX2 remain unclear. Methods Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of SOX2OT and SOX2 in ESCC tissues and cells. The isoforms of SOX2OT were identified by PCR and confirmed by sequencing. CCK-8 and Edu assays were performed to investigate the effects of SOX2OT on cell growth. The relationship between SOX2OT and SOX2 was explored by luciferase reporter assay. Results Both SOX2OT and SOX2 were upregulated in ESCC tissues and cells. SOX2OT expression was positively associated with SOX2 expression in ESCC tissues. NR_004053 was one of the major SOX2OT transcripts aberrantly expressed in ESCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of SOX2OT (NR_004053) promoted ESCC cell growth, antagonized the effect of DDP and increased cell proliferation ratio. Ectopic expression of SOX2 could increase the luciferase activity of SOX2OT-pGL3/Basic and SOX2OT expression, while overexpression of SOX2OT (NR_004053) had no effect on SOX2 expression. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the major isoform of SOX2OT in ESCC, SOX2OT (NR_004053) contributes to cell growth. SOX2 promotes SOX2OT expression at transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuedan Chen
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Li
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- 2Department of Pathgenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limeng Dai
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingying Guan
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Bai
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University or Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu X, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Gao Y, Huo M, Liu M, Xiao Z, Liang S, Xu N, Zhu H. Inhibition of survivin enhances radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3087-3100. [PMID: 29872320 PMCID: PMC5975611 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Strategies to increase radiosensitivity are urgently needed. Combining radiosensitizing reagents with radiotherapy could improve the outcome of cancer treatment. Some preclinical studies showed that sepantronium bromide (YM155) could sensitize cancer cells to radiation by inhibiting the survivin protein. In this study, we try to investigate the function of YM155 on radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Materials and methods ESCC cell lines were treated with radiation and YM155, and the radiation efficacy was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay and clonogenic survival assay. Cell senescence was measured by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Annexin V/propidium iodide assay, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage were used to detect apoptosis. KYSE150 xenografts model was used to test the efficacy of radiation combined with YM155. Results YM155 could inhibit the upregulation of survivin induced by radiation in all ESCC cell lines, but the efficacy of radiosensitization varied in different cell lines. Radiation-induced senescence in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells, and the combination with YM155 inhibited senescence and promoted apoptosis of ESCC cells, thereby enhancing radiosensitivity. Combination with YM155 and radiation delayed the growth of KYSE150 xenografts in nude mice by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. When p21 was inhibited in KYSE150 cells, radiation did not induce senescence, and the radiosensitization of YM155 was also attenuated. In KYSE510 and KYSE180 cells, radiation did not induce senescence, and YM155 could not enhance the radiosensitivity. Conclusion Our results suggest a new mechanism that YM155 might sensitize ESCC cells to radiation by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. The major determinant of radiosensitization by YM155 might be the induction of senescence by radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Huo
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zefen Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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313
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Xu J, Pan X, Hu Z. MiR-502 mediates esophageal cancer cell TE1 proliferation by promoting AKT phosphorylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:119-123. [PMID: 29709473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the two main types in esophageal cancer. MicroRNA is a small non-coding RNA molecule functions in many different cancers including esophageal cancer. We found miR-502 was up-regulated in esophageal tissues, which indicated miRNA-502 may play important roles in esophageal cancer. In this study, we used esophageal cancer cell line TE1 as an in vitro model for investigating the role of miR-502 in promoting the proliferation of the cancer cells. We found that overexpressing miR-502 in TE1 cells promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis induced by dox. Down-regulating miR-502 made the opposite phenomenon. Furthermore, western blot showed that miR-502 enhanced the phosphorylation levels of AKT pathways, which may be the mechanism of the overgrowth for esophageal cancer cell. Our data provide the evidence of a role for miR-502 in the regulation the proliferation of esophageal cancer cell through promoting the phosphorylation of AKT signaling. Due to its ability to promote the overgrowth of esophageal cancer cell, miR-502 may be a novel target for esophageal cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, PR China.
| | - Xiongxiong Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, PR China.
| | - Zhendong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, PR China.
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314
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Shi H, Yu F, Mao Y, Ju Q, Wu Y, Bai W, Wang P, Xu R, Jiang M, Shi J. EphA2 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for the immunotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:2779-2788. [PMID: 29997940 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background It is urgent to explore an effective potential therapeutic strategy for ESCC. In recent years, cell-based cancer immunotherapy has become a potentially close for carcinoma therapy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell technology is a kind of adoptive cell therapy technique which has been developed rapidly. We sought to obtain EphA2.CAR-T cell and revealed the ability of EphA2.CAR-T cells to kill esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells in vitro. Methods Firstly, the expression and location of EphA2 in ESCC tissues and cells was tested by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot. Secondly, the second generation of EphA2.CAR was constructed via molecular biology technology, and transduced into T cells to obtain the EphA2.CAR-T cell. The transduction efficacies were assessed using flow cytometry (FCM). Thirdly, the effect of cell killing of EphA2.CAR-T cell on ESCC cells in vitro was detected by co-culture experiments. The productions of cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) by EphA2.CAR-T cell after co-culture with ESCC cells were analyzed by ELISA assay. Results The expression of EphA2 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and cells (P<0.05). EphA2 was expressed on the membrane of ESCC cells, so it could be served as tumor-associated surface antigens (TAA) of CAR for ESCC treatment. The EphA2.CAR-T cell was obtained successfully, and its' transduction efficacies was 61.4% by FCM. The ability of cell killing of EphA2.CAR-T cell was better than that of T cells (P<0.01), and demonstrated a dose-dependent cell killing. The results of ELISA assay showed that the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in EphA2.CAR-T cells were notably raised compared with T cells (P<0.05). Conclusions We firstly constructed the second generation of EphA2.CAR and established EphA2.CAR-T cells. The EphA2.CAR-T cells showed a dose-dependent cell killing of ESCC cells, and promoted the production of cytokines in vitro. These findings open a new way for treatment of ESCC by immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yinting Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qianqian Ju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yingcheng Wu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Wen Bai
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Peiwen Wang
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Maorong Jiang
- Laboratory Animals Center, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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315
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Okata H, Hatta W, Iijima K, Asanuma K, Tsuruya A, Asano N, Koike T, Hamada S, Nakayama T, Masamune A, Shimosegawa T. Detection of Acetaldehyde in the Esophageal Tissue among Healthy Male Subjects after Ethanol Drinking and Subsequent L-Cysteine Intake. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 244:317-325. [PMID: 29681559 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.244.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde, a recognized carcinogen for the esophagus. However, no previous study has measured the acetaldehyde levels in the esophageal tissue. L-cysteine has been shown to reduce the acetaldehyde levels in the saliva; however, it is unknown whether L-cysteine intake affects the acetaldehyde concentration in the esophageal tissue. The aim of this study was to measure the acetaldehyde concentration in the esophageal tissue after ethanol drinking and evaluate the effect of L-cysteine intake on the acetaldehyde levels in the esophagus. We enrolled 10 male subjects with active acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-2*1/*1 (ALDH2*1/*1) genotype and 10 male subjects with the inactive acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-2*1/*2 (ALDH2*1/*2) genotype, the mean ages of whom were 25.6 and 27.9 years, respectively. In this prospective, single-blind, placebo-controlled study using L-cysteine and placebo lozenges (first and second examination), saliva and blood were collected before and after ethanol drinking. Esophageal tissue was obtained by endoscopic biopsy at 60 minutes after drinking, and the acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations were measured. The acetaldehyde concentration of the saliva was significantly lower in those taking L-cysteine than in those taking the placebo. Acetaldehyde in the esophageal tissue was detected only in those taking L-cysteine lozenges. There were no correlations between the acetaldehyde concentrations in the esophageal tissue and saliva or blood. In conclusion, we detected acetaldehyde in the human esophageal tissue after ethanol drinking. Unexpectedly, intake of L-cysteine lozenges appears to contribute to detection of acetaldehyde in the esophageal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okata
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Waku Hatta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Katsunori Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kiyotaka Asanuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsuki Tsuruya
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
| | - Naoki Asano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomoyuki Koike
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shin Hamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Toru Nakayama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tooru Shimosegawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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316
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Jesinghaus M, Steiger K, Slotta-Huspenina J, Drecoll E, Pfarr N, Meyer P, Konukiewitz B, Bettstetter M, Wieczorek K, Ott K, Feith M, Langer R, Weichert W, Specht K, Boxberg M. Increased intraepithelial CD3+ T-lymphocytes and high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells are associated with a favorable prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and allow prognostic immunogenic subgrouping. Oncotarget 2018; 8:46756-46768. [PMID: 28657901 PMCID: PMC5564521 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common esophageal cancer associated with poor prognosis and additional therapeutic strategies must be implemented to optimize ESCC treatment. Meanwhile, the important biologic role and potential prognostic and therapeutic implications of a tumors immunologic microenvironment (IM) have been recognized in various cancers.In order to investigate the contexture and the prognostic relevance of the IM in ESCC, we immunohistochemically evaluated the extent of overall/intraepithelial TILs (CD3+/CD8+) and of PD-1 / PD-L1 expression in a cohort of 125 therapy-naive ESCCs, additionally assessing PD-L1 copy number status via fluorescence in-situ hybridization.High intraepithelial CD3+ TILs (CD3ihigh) and high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (PD-L1high) were each significantly associated with improved overall- (OS) (CD3+: p = 0.019; PD-L1: p = 0.028), disease specific- (DSS) (CD3+: p = 0.05; PD-L1: p = 0.006) and disease free survival (DFS) (CD3+: p = 0.009; PD-L1: p < 0.001). CD3ihigh- and PD-L1high cases were significantly associated with one another (p < 0.001). Subgrouping of ESCC revealed decreased OS (p = 0.031), DSS (p = 0.012) and DFS (p < 0.001) for CD3ilow/PD-L1low cancers.Our data not only associate CD3ihigh- and PD-L1high ESCC with a beneficial outcome, but also demonstrate PD-L1high- and CD3ihigh status to be closely intertwined. Furthermore, our study demarcates a prognostically unfavorable, "non-immunoreactive" CD3ilow / PD-L1low ESCC-subgroup, potentially forming the basis for an immune-based stratification of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Enken Drecoll
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Meyer
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Björn Konukiewitz
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Wieczorek
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Ott
- RoMED Surgical Clinic, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Markus Feith
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Specht
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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317
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Li X, Chen D, Li M, Gao X, Shi G, Zhao H. The CADM2/Akt pathway is involved in the inhibitory effect of miR-21-5p downregulation on proliferation and apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 288:76-82. [PMID: 29680210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the main subtype of esophageal cancer, is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2) has been reported to be a tumor suppressor and is usually downregulated in several cancers. However, the role of CADM2 in ESCC remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential role and underlying action mechanism of CADM2 in ESCC. Herein, we found that CADM2 was low-expressed in ESCC tissues and cell lines. CADM2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of ESCC cells. Moreover, CADM2 overexpression also suppressed the Akt signaling pathway in ESCC cells. MiR-21-5p down-regulation inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis, while CADM2 knockdown attenuated the effect of anti-miR-21-5p. The expression of p-Akt was decreased in the cells transfected with anti-miR-21. However, the expression of p-Akt was increased in the cells co-transfected with anti-miR-21-5p and si-CADM2 compared with that in anti-miR-21-5p-transfecting cells. In summary, the CADM2/Akt pathway is involved in the inhibitory effect of miR-21-5p downregulation on proliferation and apoptosis in ESCC cells. These findings indicated that the miR-21-5p/CADM2/Akt axis might be a new approach for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Mengfei Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Gongning Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China.
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318
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Essential role of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 in smoking-induced growth and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63816-63828. [PMID: 27588478 PMCID: PMC5325406 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco-derived carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a major environmental risk factor for the pathogenesis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanisms by which tobacco induces ESCC are not well understood. Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) is a plasma membrane transporter protein that plays an essential role in maintaining cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) homeostasis under physiological conditions and is implicated in tumorigenesis as well. In this study, we found that NCX1 expression was significantly higher in ESCC primary tissues compared to the noncancerous tissues and was overexpressed in tumor samples from the smoking patients. The expression of NCX1 proteins was also significantly higher in human ESCC cell lines compared to normal esophageal epithelial cell line. Moreover, NNK potentiated the [Ca2+]cyt signaling induced by removal of extracellular Na+, which was abolished by KB-R7943 or SN-6. NNK dose-dependently promoted proliferation and migration of human ESCC cells induced by NCX1 activation. Therefore, NCX1 expression correlates with the smoking status of ESCC patients, and NNK activates the Ca2+ entry mode of NCX1 in ESCC cells, leading to cell proliferation and migration. Our findings suggest NCX1 protein is a novel potential target for ESCC therapy.
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319
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Moghadam AR, Mehramiz M, Entezari M, Aboutalebi H, Kohansal F, Dadjoo P, Fiuji H, Nasiri M, Aledavood SA, Anvari K, Simab SA, Khorrami MS, Moradi A, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Sales SS, Avan A. A genetic polymorphism in the CYP1B1 gene in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: an Iranian Mashhad cohort study recruited over 10 years. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:539-546. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally and the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Recent studies have shown that CYP450, family 1, subfamily B, polypeptide 1, which plays a role in the metabolism of xenobiotics, is associated with several cancers. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the association between a genetic variant, CYP1B1-rs1056836 gene, with the clinical characteristics of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC). Method: In this study, 117 patients with ESCC and 208 healthy controls were recruited. DNA was extracted and genotyped using real-time PCR-based TaqMan. Kaplan–Meier curves were utilized to assess overall and progression-free survival. To evaluate the relationship between clinicopathological data, genotypic frequencies, disease prognosis and survival, Pearson's χ2 and t-test were used. Logistic regression was utilized to assess the association between the risk of ESCC and genotypes. Results: The genotypic frequency for GG, GC and CC were 58.6, 29.8 and 11.5%, respectively, in the healthy subjects and 51.8, 36.14 and 12% in the ESCC group. An association between the GG genotype and stage of ESCC was found. Also, statistically significant results were not found for this variation and risk of ESCC. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a relationship between the CYP1B1-rs1056836 genetic polymorphism and clinical features of ESCC, supporting further studies in larger populations in different ethnic groups, taking into account potentially important environmental factors such as diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Rastgar Moghadam
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrane Mehramiz
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Entezari
- Department of Biology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Aboutalebi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kohansal
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Dadjoo
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nasiri
- Recombinant Proteins Research Group, The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Kazem Anvari
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Sadegh Khorrami
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | | | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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320
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Integrative analysis of mRNA and lncRNA profiles identified pathogenetic lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gene 2018; 661:169-175. [PMID: 29604464 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Systems biology approaches can help understand pathogenesis of complex human diseases like cancers for identification of potential new therapeutic targets. Here in this study, we performed genome-wide screening for mRNA and lncRNA profiles in esophageal cancer to identify the novel cancer-related mRNA and lncRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We identified 1260 up-regulated/1445 down-regulated mRNAs and 402 up-regulated/741 down-regulated lncRNAs. Further functional analysis revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of mRNA and lncRNA are related to different pathways. mRNA pathways are mainly involved in cell cycles while lncRNA pathways are for regulation and metabolic procession. Differentially expressed mRNAs/lncRNAs were validated with qPCR. At last, mRNA and lncRNA co-expression network were built and highly-connected networks were identified, which may provide a mechanism of mRNA expression regulation by lncRNA. In together, we used next generation sequencing data to explore the co-expression networks of lncRNA and mRNA, which may elucidate the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA in ESCC.
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321
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Activation of the Dickkopf1-CKAP4 pathway is associated with poor prognosis of esophageal cancer and anti-CKAP4 antibody may be a new therapeutic drug. Oncogene 2018; 37:3471-3484. [PMID: 29563607 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the secretory protein Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is associated with poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the underlying mechanism of how DKK1 is involved in aggressiveness of ESCC is not clear. In this study, we show that cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4) functions as a DKK1 receptor in ESCC cells. Immunohistochemical analyses of ESCC revealed that both DKK1 and CKAP4 are minimally expressed in associated normal esophageal squamous mucosa of non-tumor regions, but strongly expressed in tumor lesions. Forty-six of 119 cases (38.7%) were positive for both DKK1 and CKAP4. Those expressing both proteins showed poor prognosis and relapse-free survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that expression of both proteins was the poor prognostic factor. The Cancer Genome Atlas data set indicated that the mRNA levels of DKK1 and CKAP4 are significantly elevated in the tumor lesions compared to non-tumor regions. DKK1 bound to CKAP4 at endogenous levels. DKK1 induced the internalization of CKAP4 from and its recycling to the plasma membrane. AKT was activated in ESCC cells in which DKK1 was highly expressed and CKAP4 was localized to the plasma membrane. Knockdown of either DKK1 or CKAP4 inhibited AKT activity and cell proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor formation. Wild-type CKAP4 or DKK1, but not a DKK1 mutant that was unable to bind to CKAP4, rescued phenotypes induced by CKAP4 or DKK1 knockdown, respectively. The anti-CKAP4 antibody also inhibited AKT activity and suppressed xenograft tumor formation. In contrast, in ESCC cells in which DKK1 was marginally expressed, knockdown of CKAP4 or anti-CKAP4 antibody affected neither AKT activity nor cell proliferation. These findings suggest that the DKK1-CKAP4 pathway promotes ESCC cell proliferation and that CKAP4 might represent a novel therapeutic target for ESCCs expressing both DKK1 and CKAP4.
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322
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A six-microRNA signature in plasma was identified as a potential biomarker in diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:34468-34480. [PMID: 28380431 PMCID: PMC5470983 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. A four-stage study was conducted to identify plasma miRNAs with potential in detecting ESCC. Exiqon panels (2 ESCC pools vs. 1 normal control (NC) pool) were applied in the screening phase to obtain miRNA profiles. The identified miRNAs were further evaluated through training (36 ESCC VS. 42 NCs) and testing stages (101 ESCC VS. 113 NCs) with qRT-PCR assays. A six-miRNA signature including up-regulated miR-106a, miR-18a, miR-20b, miR-486-5p, miR-584 and down-regulated miR-223-3p in ESCC was identified. The signature could accurately discriminate ESCC patients from NCs with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.935, 0.959 and 0.966 for the training, testing and the additional validation stage (41 ESCC VS. 50 NCs), respectively. MiR-106a and miR-584 were significantly up-regulated in tumor tissues with qRT-PCR assays. And miR-584 was also up-regulated in ESCC tissues from TCGA database. In addition, exosomal miR-223-3p and miR-584 were consistently dysregulated with those in plasma and could also act as biomarkers in diagnosis of ESCC. In conclusion, we identified a six-miRNA signature in plasma which could act as a non-invasive biomarker in detection of ESCC.
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323
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Wang H, Yu J, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Liu G, Li J, Zhang X, Jin T, Wang Z. Genetic variants in the ZNF208 gene are associated with esophageal cancer in a Chinese Han population. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86829-86835. [PMID: 27907911 PMCID: PMC5349957 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed an association between the ZNF208 gene and gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ZNF208 and the risk of esophageal cancer in a Chinese Han population. We conducted a case-control study that included 386 cases and 495 controls. Five SNPs were selected from previous genome-wide association studies and genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for age and gender. Logistic regressionl analysis showed that two SNPs (rs8103163 and rs7248488) were associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer under different inheritance models after Bonferroni correction. Haplotype analysis suggested that the four variants comprised one block, and that the Grs2188972Crs2188971Crs8103163Crs7248488 haplotype was significantly correlated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer. Our data indicate that variants in ZNF208 are contribute to the susceptibility to esophageal cancer in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Wang
- Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Oncology, Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Jianzhong Yu
- Department of Neurology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou 570208, Hainan, China
| | - Yanling Guo
- Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Oncology, Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Oncology, Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Oncology, Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Oncology, Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471000, China
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324
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Wang M, An S, Wang D, Ji H, Geng M, Guo X, Wang Z. Quantitative Proteomics Identify the Possible Tumor Suppressive Role of Protease-Activated Receptor-4 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:937-943. [PMID: 29502225 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to carcinogens of tobacco smoke may result in methylation of protease-activated receptors-4 (PAR4) gene and further induces the loss of PAR4 expression, which is considered to be involved in carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here we employed a TMT-based quantitative proteomic approach to identify PAR4-regulated changes of proteomic profiles in ESCC cells and to identify potentially therapeutic value. A total of 33 proteins were found significantly changed with 15 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated in PAR4-activating peptide (PAR4-AP) treated ESCC cells compared with controls. Bioinformatics analysis showed that key higher expressed proteins included those associated with apoptosis and tumor suppressor (e.g. CASP9), and lower expressed proteins included those associated with anti-apoptosis, autophagy and promoting cell proliferation (e.g. CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH). Western blot verified changes in five representative proteins including CASP9, CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CHMP1B, PURA, PARG and HIST1H2AH expression in ESCC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent nontumorous tissues. Our findings will be helpful in further investigations into the functions and molecular mechanisms of PAR4 in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, 2 Ying Sheng Dong Lu, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Shuhong An
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, 2 Ying Sheng Dong Lu, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Diyi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Haizhen Ji
- Department of Physiology, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Min Geng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, 2 Ying Sheng Dong Lu, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Xingjing Guo
- Department of Physiology, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhaojin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, 2 Ying Sheng Dong Lu, Tai'an, 271000, China.
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325
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Zhang B, Zhang C, Yang X, Chen Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Wu Q. Cytoplasmic collagen XIαI as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:364-372. [PMID: 29333916 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1423915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal/cytoplasmic collagen XIαI (COL11A1) has been highlighted in the process of neoplastic transformation, including epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis and invasiveness. In this study, we aim to illuminate the clinical significance and biological role of COL11A1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Herein, we investigated COL11A1 expression in 16 pairs of ESCC and adjacent normal tissues by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. Correlations of COL11A1 expression with clinicopathologic parameters and survival status were then determined by immunohistochemistry in 116 ESCC and 50 normal specimens. Furthermore, bioinformatics was used for mechanisms exploration. And in vitro knockdown experiments were also performed. We found that COL11A1 expression was significantly higher in ESCC than in paired normal tissues at both mRNA and protein level. Immunohistochemistry showed that COL11A1 was predominantly localized to the cytoplasm rather than tumor stroma, patients with high COL11A1 expression had a poorer overall survival (OS) rate than those with low COL11A1 expression. Besides, increased COL11A1 expression was dramatically correlated with advanced clinical stage, invasion depth and lymph node metastases and served as an independent prognostic marker for ESCC. Likewise, COL11A1 dependent nomogram predicted a more precise survival outcome than traditional staging system. Moreover, COL11A1 silencing resulted in impaired cell proliferation and EMT, and subdued EMT inhibited cells aggressiveness. These biological processes (BPs) might be modulated by COL11A1 via the intracellular AKT/ERK/c-Myc cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Zhang
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China.,b Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Yang
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China.,b Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Yue Chen
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China.,b Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Jingshu Liu
- b Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Qingchen Wu
- a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
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326
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Xiong Z, Ren S, Chen H, Liu Y, Huang C, Zhang YL, Odera JO, Chen T, Kist R, Peters H, Garman K, Sun Z, Chen X. PAX9 regulates squamous cell differentiation and carcinogenesis in the oro-oesophageal epithelium. J Pathol 2018; 244:164-175. [PMID: 29055049 PMCID: PMC5842438 DOI: 10.1002/path.4998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PAX9 is a transcription factor of the PAX family characterized by a DNA-binding paired domain. Previous studies have suggested a potential role of PAX9 in squamous cell differentiation and carcinogenesis of the oro-oesophageal epithelium. However, its functional roles in differentiation and carcinogenesis remain unclear. In this study, Pax9 deficiency in mouse oesophagus promoted cell proliferation, delayed cell differentiation, and altered the global gene expression profile. Ethanol exposure downregulated PAX9 expression in human oesophageal epithelial cells in vitro and mouse forestomach and tongue in vivo. We further showed that PAX9 was downregulated in human oro-oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC), and its downregulation was associated with alcohol drinking and promoter hypermethylation. Moreover, ad libitum feeding with a liquid diet containing ethanol for 40 weeks or Pax9 deficiency promoted N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced squamous cell carcinogenesis in mouse tongue, oesophagus, and forestomach. In conclusion, PAX9 regulates squamous cell differentiation in the oro-oesophageal epithelium. Alcohol drinking and promoter hypermethylation are associated with PAX9 silencing in human OESCC. PAX9 downregulation may contribute to alcohol-associated oro-oesophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xiong
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Hospital for Stomatology, Capital Medical University, 4 Tian-Tan-Xi-Li, Beijing 100050, China
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Shuang Ren
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Hospital for Stomatology, Capital Medical University, 4 Tian-Tan-Xi-Li, Beijing 100050, China
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Hospital for Stomatology, Capital Medical University, 4 Tian-Tan-Xi-Li, Beijing 100050, China
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Caizhi Huang
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Yawan Lyvia Zhang
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Joab Otieno Odera
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Tong Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 410 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ralf Kist
- Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, UK
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Heiko Peters
- Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Katherine Garman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, DUMC 3913, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, Beijing Hospital for Stomatology, Capital Medical University, 4 Tian-Tan-Xi-Li, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Cancer Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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327
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Hisano O, Nonoshita T, Hirata H, Sasaki T, Watanabe H, Wakiyama H, Ono M, Ohga S, Honda H. Additional radiotherapy following endoscopic submucosal dissection for T1a-MM/T1b-SM esophageal squamous cell carcinoma improves locoregional control. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:14. [PMID: 29378603 PMCID: PMC5789550 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-0960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be used as a less invasive treatment option for superficial esophageal cancer involving the muscularis mucosae (T1a-MM) or upper third of the submucosa (T1b-SM1). Additional treatment after ESD is needed to prevent lymph node metastasis. However, the efficacy of radiotherapy following ESD has not been well evaluated. Moreover, the clinical outcomes of patients with large mucosal defects of the esophagus who received radiotherapy after ESD have not been reported. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy of additional radiotherapy following ESD for esophageal squamous cell cancer involving T1a-MM or T1b-SM1. METHODS We analyzed twenty-seven patients with pathologically confirmed T1a-MM or T1b-SM1 esophageal squamous cell cancer treated by ESD. Thirteen patients received additional radiotherapy (RT group), and the remaining patients did not (non-RT group). Locoregional control (LRC), overall survival, cause-specific survival, and adverse events including treatment-related esophageal strictures were evaluated. RESULTS The three-year LRC was significantly better for the RT than the non-RT group (100% vs. 57.8%, respectively; p = 0.022). Chemotherapy following ESD did not improve LRC. Multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for better LRC (p = 0.0022). Contrary to the results in LRC, overall and cause-specific survival were not significantly different between the RT and non-RT groups. A subgroup analysis of patients with mucosal defects involving ≥ 3/4 of the esophageal circumference after ESD showed that LRC of the RT group was better than that of the non-RT group (p = 0.049). Treatment-related esophageal strictures were observed in 2 of 6 patients in the RT group with large mucosal defects after ESD. No patients with mucosal defects involving less than 3/4 of the circumference after ESD developed treatment-related strictures. CONCLUSIONS Radiotherapy after ESD contributed to better LRC in esophageal squamous cell cancer involving pT1a-MM and pT1b-SM1. Esophageal strictures were observed in some patients with large mucosal defects after ESD. Despite leading to better LRC, radiotherapy after ESD should be undertaken after careful consideration for patients with large mucosal defects after ESD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Hisano
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-0077, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nonoshita
- Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-0077, Japan
| | - Hidenari Hirata
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Tomonari Sasaki
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-0077, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Radiology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-0077, Japan
| | - Saiji Ohga
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Honda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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328
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Huang J, Xu B, Mo H, Zhang W, Chen X, Wu D, Qu D, Wang X, Lan B, Yang B, Wang P, Zhang H, Yang Q, Jiao Y. Safety, Activity, and Biomarkers of SHR-1210, an Anti-PD-1 Antibody, for Patients with Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1296-1304. [PMID: 29358502 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The current management of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unsatisfactory. We investigated the safety, efficacy, and biomarkers of SHR-1210, an anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with recurrent or metastatic ESCC.Experimental Design: This study was part of a phase I trial in China. Patients with advanced ESCC who were refractory or intolerant to previous chemotherapy were enrolled. Eligible patients received intravenous SHR-1210 at a dose of 60 mg, with escalation to 200 and 400 mg (4-week interval after first dose followed by a 2-week schedule) until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The associations between candidate biomarkers (PD-L1 and somatic mutation load) and the efficacy of SHR-1210 were also explored.Results: Between May 11, 2016, and December 9, 2016, a total of 30 patients from one site in China were enrolled. Ten patients (33.3%) had an independently assessed objective response. Median progression-free survival was 3.6 months (95% CI, 0-7.2). Three (10.0%) treatment-related grade 3 adverse events were reported: two (6.7%) pneumonitis and one (3.3%) increased cardiac troponin I. No grade 4 or grade 5 treatment-related adverse events were reported. The exome sequencing and analysis showed that the mutational burden and the potential mutation-associated neoantigen count were associated with better responses. An objective response was more common in patients with PD-L1-positive tumors as defined by ≥5% staining (7 of 15 patients) than in those with PD-L1-negative tumors (1 of 9 patients).Conclusions: In this population of ESCC patients, SHR-1210 had a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1296-304. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongnan Mo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weilong Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Lan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Yang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Cao YY, Yu J, Liu TT, Yang KX, Yang LY, Chen Q, Shi F, Hao JJ, Cai Y, Wang MR, Lu WH, Zhang Y. Plumbagin inhibits the proliferation and survival of esophageal cancer cells by blocking STAT3-PLK1-AKT signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:17. [PMID: 29339720 PMCID: PMC5833725 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the deadliest cancers, and it requires novel treatment approaches and effective drugs. In the present study, we found that treatment with plumbagin, a natural compound, reduced proliferation and survival of the KYSE150 and KYSE450 ESCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The drug also effectively inhibited the viability of primary ESCC cells from fresh biopsy specimens. Furthermore, plumbagin-induced mitotic arrest and massive apoptosis in ESCC cells. Notably, the drug significantly suppressed the colony formation capacity of ESCC cells in vitro and the growth of KYSE150 xenograft tumors in vivo. At the molecular level, we found that exposure to plumbagin decreased both polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) expression in both ESCC cell lines. Enforced PLK1 expression in ESCC cells not only markedly rescued cells from plumbagin-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition but also restored the impaired AKT activity. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a transcription factor of PLK1, was also inactivated in plumbagin-treated ESCC cells; however, the overexpression of a constitutively activated STAT3 mutant, STAT3C, reinstated the plumbagin-elicited blockade of PLK1-AKT signaling in ESCC cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that plumbagin inhibits proliferation and potentiates apoptosis in human ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Plumbagin may exert these antitumor effects by abrogating STAT3-PLK1-AKT signaling, which suggests that plumbagin may be a novel, promising anticancer agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China
| | - Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
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330
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Yang Y, Xu H, Zhou L, Deng T, Ning T, Liu R, Zhang L, Wang X, Ge S, Li H, Ba Y. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio is a predictive marker of prognosis and therapeutic effect of postoperative chemotherapy in non-metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 479:160-165. [PMID: 29325800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that inflammatory biomarkers, including the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), can be used as prognostic indicators in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the best predictor for prognosis in ESCC remains controversial. Few studies have focused on the association between inflammatory biomarkers and postoperative chemotherapy. A cohort of 515 non-metastatic ESCC patients was retrospectively reviewed. Harrell's concordance index (c-index) was used to identify the optimal cut-off values of the inflammatory markers, and their prognostic value was compared. Cox multivariate analysis indicated that, among these inflammatory biomarkers, PLR (≥133 vs. <133) was the only independent prognostic factor for poor OS [hazard ratio = 1.370, 95% confidence intervals = 1.076-1.745, p = .011]. The c-index values of PLR were higher compared with NLR and PNI. For patients with PLR < 133, the surgery plus chemotherapy group had significantly longer OS than the surgery group alone (p = .004), but the significant difference of OS between these two groups was not observed in patients with PLR ≥ 133 (p = .624). PLR is a predictive marker of prognosis and therapeutic effect of postoperative chemotherapy in non-metastatic ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchong Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100030, PR China
| | - Likun Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Le Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Hongli Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, PR China.
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331
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Che Y, Yuan Z, Lu Z, Li Y, Wan J, Sun H, Chen Z, Pu J, He J. Rabdocoestin B exhibits antitumor activity by inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:469-481. [PMID: 29308536 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive squamous cell carcinomas and is generally resistant to chemotherapy. In the present study, the cytotoxic activity of Rabdocoestin B (Rabd-B) against ESCC and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. METHODS The inhibitory effect of Rabd-B on KYSE30 and KYSE450 was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays in vitro. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of cells treated with Rabd-B were determined by flow cytometry. The mechanisms underlying the effects of Rabd-B were systematically examined by Western blot. The in vivo anti-tumor ability of Rabd-B was measured in mouse xenograft models and cisplatin (DDP) was used as positive control. RESULTS Rabd-B efficiently induced G2/M phase arrest in ESCC cells by upregulating the Chk1/Chk2-Cdc25C axis to inhibit the G2→M transition facilitated by Cdc2/Cyclin B1. Furthermore, Rabd-B suppressed ATM/ATR phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting BRCA1-mediated DNA repair, which resulted in mitotic catastrophe and induced cell apoptosis. Rabd-B also decreased the activity of the Akt and NF-κB survival signaling pathways and ultimately initiated the caspase-9-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway in ESCC cells. The apoptosis induced by Rabd-B could be partially reversed by a caspase-9-specific inhibitor (Z-LEHD-FMK) and a pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK). Moreover, Rabd-B effectively suppressed tumor growth in mouse xenografts which was comparable to that of DDP without significant injuries to the mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings indicate that Rabd-B is a promising precursor compound that may be useful as a treatment for ESCC and thus warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuyang Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Handong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoli Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
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332
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Pan P, Peiffer DS, Huang YW, Oshima K, Stoner GD, Wang LS. Inhibition of the development of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal tumors in rats by strawberries and aspirin, alone and in combination. JOURNAL OF BERRY RESEARCH 2018; 8:137-146. [PMID: 29977412 PMCID: PMC6029707 DOI: 10.3233/jbr-170291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of two subtypes of esophageal cancer, with high incidence and mortality rates in developing countries. OBJECTIVE The current study investigated the potential chemoprotective effects of strawberries and aspirin against the development of rat esophageal papillomas, the precursors to ESCC. METHODS Using a prevention model, we administered study diets to rats before, during, and after N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) treatment. The effects of the four diets were evaluated: the control diet, 5% strawberry powder in the control diet, 0.01% aspirin in the drinking water, and the combination of strawberries and aspirin. At week 25, we euthanized all the rats and collected their esophagi to quantify tumor incidence, multiplicity, and burden, as well as for molecular analysis. RESULTS Both strawberries and aspirin significantly decreased esophageal tumor multiplicity, with the combination causing the most robust suppression. Aspirin alone and the combination decreased the total tumor burden in the esophagus. None of the diets had a significant effect on tumor incidence or the expression of COX-1 and COX-2. Strawberries and aspirin, alone and in combination, significantly suppressed squamous epithelial cell proliferation (PCNA). CONCLUSIONS Strawberries, aspirin, and their combination exhibit chemoprotective effects against NMBA-induced esophageal tumors in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Daniel S. Peiffer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Current: Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kiyoko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Current: Department of Pathology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gary D. Stoner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Corresponding authors. Gary D. Stoner, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. and Li-Shu Wang, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, RM C4930, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. Tel.: +1 414 955 2827; Fax: +1 414 955 6059;
| | - Li-Shu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Corresponding authors. Gary D. Stoner, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. and Li-Shu Wang, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, RM C4930, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. Tel.: +1 414 955 2827; Fax: +1 414 955 6059;
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333
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Abnet CC, Arnold M, Wei WQ. Epidemiology of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:360-373. [PMID: 28823862 PMCID: PMC5836473 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 985] [Impact Index Per Article: 164.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for about 90% of the 456,000 incident esophageal cancers each year. Regions of high incidence include Eastern to Central Asia, along the Rift Valley in East Africa, and into South Africa. There are many causes of ESCC, which vary among regions. Early studies in France associated smoking cigarettes and heavy alcohol consumption with high rates of ESCC, but these factors cannot explain the high incidence in other regions. We discuss other risk factors for ESCC, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a variety of sources, high-temperature foods, diet, and oral health and the microbiome-all require further research. A growing list of defined genomic regions affects susceptibility, but large genome-wide association studies have been conducted with ethnic Chinese subjects only; more studies are called for in the rest of Asia and Africa. ESCC has been understudied, but growing infrastructure in more high-incidence countries will allow rapid progress in our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Melina Arnold
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Wen-Qiang Wei
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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334
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Omura G, Ando M, Ebihara Y, Saito Y, Kobayashi K, Fukuoka O, Akashi K, Yoshida M, Asakage T, Yamasoba T. The prognostic value of TP53 mutations in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:898. [PMID: 29282038 PMCID: PMC5745778 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Previous studies reported that TP53 mutations correlated with poor prognoses in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the relationship between TP53 mutations and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) is not known. The current study aimed to evaluate TP53 mutation status as a predictive biomarker in patients with HPSCC. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 57 HPSCC patients treated with initial surgery between 2008 and 2014. TP53 mutation status was determined by Sanger sequencing, and patients were classified into wild-type, missense mutation, and truncating mutation groups. Additionally, p53 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens. Results TP53 mutations were identified in 39 (68%) patients. The 3-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of wild-type, missense mutation, and truncating mutation group were 94%, 61%, and 43%, respectively. The TP53 mutation group displayed significantly worse DSS and overall survival rates than the wild-type group (P = 0.01 and P = 0.007, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that the presence of TP53 mutations and ≥4 metastatic lymph nodes were independent adverse prognostic factors for HPSCC. p53 immunopositivity was detected in 22 patients, including 5 (28%) and 17 (71%) patients in the wild-type and missense mutation groups, whereas none of the patients with truncating mutation exhibited p53 immunopositivity (P = 0.0001). Conclusion The TP53 mutation status correlated with poor prognosis in surgically treated HPSCC patients. Specifically, truncating mutations which were not detected by p53 immunohistochemistry were predictive of worst survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Omura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuo Ando
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Ebihara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Fukuoka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ken Akashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yoshida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Asakage
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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335
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Bao Y, Wang Q, Guo Y, Chen Z, Li K, Yang Y, Zhang H, Dong H, Shen K, Yang W. PRSS8 methylation and its significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:28540-55. [PMID: 27081034 PMCID: PMC5053744 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the incidence and mortality is increasing rapidly in recent years in China, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. Herein we found that the expression of PRSS8, a serine protease prostasin, is significantly decreased in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) at mRNA and protein levels. The reduction of PRSS8 was well correlated with poor differentiation and shorter survival time. Interestingly, ESCC stromal expression of PRSS8 was significantly correlated with stromal lymphocyte infiltration and cancer progression. Methylation specific PCR showed that PRSS8 was hypermethylated in ESCC tissues and ESCC cell lines, which was linked to the downregulation of PRSS8 expression and decreased activities of PRSS8 promoter. De-methylation agent decitabine was able to restore PRSS8 expression, leading to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, motility, migration and cell cycle arrest. However, the restored PRSS8 and its tumor inhibition could be reversed by small interfering RNA targeting PRSS8. Mechanistic study showed that tumor inhibition of PRSS8 may be associated with proliferation- and epithelial mesenchymal transition - related proteins in ESCC cells. In conclusion, our finding showed that PRSS8 methylation and its stromal expression had important clinical significance in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Bao
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yongchen Guo
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yiqiong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Huali Dong
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kui Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Wancai Yang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.,Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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336
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Lin Q, Mao W, Wu Q, He X, Li S, Fan Y, Chen J, Feng T, Cao X. Downregulation of KLK13 promotes the invasiveness and metastasis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1008-1015. [PMID: 29221724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KLK13 downregulation occurs in tumour tissues in comparison with adjacent normal tissues from patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). KLK13 mRNA levels were tested in OSCC tumour tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues from 138 patients. In addition, the correlation between KLK13 mRNA levels and OSCC clinicopathologic features was analysed. KLK13 mRNA levels decreased notably in tumour tissues compared with those in adjacent noncancerous tissues. And decreased KLK13 mRNA levels indicated significant correlations with higher tumour grade, elevated TNM (UICC, 2009) stage classification, deeper infiltration and more lymph node metastases. And thus KLK13 may be a promising diagnostic marker. Decreased KLK13 mRNA levels also correlate with poor survival, which indicates that KLK13 mRNA expression may be a potential prognostic marker, although it could not be an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. In vitro experiments of the OSCC cell lines KYSE150 and KYSE450 demonstrated that overexpression of KLK13 inhibits cell invasion and migration. Thus, KLK13 is a unique novel molecule useful for monitoring OSCC progression. Full elucidation of the role of KLK13 in OSCC may reveal avenues for investigating the molecule's functional potential as a novel therapeutic drug for targeting OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Lin
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangyin People's Hospital, 214400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Jiangyin People's Hospital, 214400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingquan Wu
- Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 223001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoting He
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; Wuxi People's Hospital, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Suqing Li
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanxin Fan
- Jiangsu Cancer Hosiptal, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangyin People's Hospital, 214400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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337
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Wang QL, Xie SH, Li WT, Lagergren J. Smoking Cessation and Risk of Esophageal Cancer by Histological Type: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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338
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Natsuizaka M, Whelan KA, Kagawa S, Tanaka K, Giroux V, Chandramouleeswaran PM, Long A, Sahu V, Darling DS, Que J, Yang Y, Katz JP, Wileyto EP, Basu D, Kita Y, Natsugoe S, Naganuma S, Klein-Szanto AJ, Diehl JA, Bass AJ, Wong KK, Rustgi AK, Nakagawa H. Interplay between Notch1 and Notch3 promotes EMT and tumor initiation in squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1758. [PMID: 29170450 PMCID: PMC5700926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch1 transactivates Notch3 to drive terminal differentiation in stratified squamous epithelia. Notch1 and other Notch receptor paralogs cooperate to act as a tumor suppressor in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). However, Notch1 can be stochastically activated to promote carcinogenesis in murine models of SCC. Activated form of Notch1 promotes xenograft tumor growth when expressed ectopically. Here, we demonstrate that Notch1 activation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) are coupled to promote SCC tumor initiation in concert with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β present in the tumor microenvironment. We find that TGFβ activates the transcription factor ZEB1 to repress Notch3, thereby limiting terminal differentiation. Concurrently, TGFβ drives Notch1-mediated EMT to generate tumor initiating cells characterized by high CD44 expression. Moreover, Notch1 is activated in a small subset of SCC cells at the invasive tumor front and predicts for poor prognosis of esophageal SCC, shedding light upon the tumor promoting oncogenic aspect of Notch1 in SCC. Notch receptors can exert different roles in cancer. In this manuscript, the authors reveal that Notch1 activation and EMT promote tumor initiation and cancer cell heterogeneity in squamous cell carcinoma, while the repression of Notch3 by ZEB1 limits Notch1-induced differentiation, permitting Notch1-mediated EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuteru Natsuizaka
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kelly A Whelan
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shingo Kagawa
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Veronique Giroux
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Prasanna M Chandramouleeswaran
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Apple Long
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Varun Sahu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Douglas S Darling
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, and Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yizeng Yang
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan P Katz
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - E Paul Wileyto
- Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Devraj Basu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Seiji Naganuma
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Andres J Klein-Szanto
- Histopathology Facility and Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Adam J Bass
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Kigen G, Busakhala N, Kamuren Z, Rono H, Kimalat W, Njiru E. Factors associated with the high prevalence of oesophageal cancer in Western Kenya: a review. Infect Agent Cancer 2017; 12:59. [PMID: 29142587 PMCID: PMC5670732 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-017-0169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal carcinoma (OC) is highly prevalent in Western Kenya especially among the members of the Kalenjin community who reside in the Northern and Southern areas of the Rift Valley. Previous authors have suggested potential association of environmental and genetic risk factors with this high prevalence. The environmental factors that have been suggested include contamination of food by mycotoxins and/or pesticides, consumption of traditional alcohol (locally referred to “Busaa” and “Chan’gaa”), use of fermented milk (“Mursik”), poor diet, tobacco use and genetic predisposition. The aim of this paper is to critically examine the potential contribution of each of the factors that have been postulated to be associated with the high prevalence of the disease in order to establish the most likely cause. We have done this by analyzing the trends, characteristics and behaviours that are specifically unique in the region, and corroborated this with the available literature. From our findings, the most plausible cause of the high incidence of OC among the Kalenjin community is mycotoxins, particularly fumonisins from the food chain resulting from poor handling of cereals; particularly maize combined with traditional alcohol laced with the toxins interacting synergistically with other high-risk factors such as dietary deficiencies associated alcoholism and viral infections, especially HPV. Urgent mitigating strategies should be developed in order to minimize the levels of mycotoxins in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Kigen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; Department of Hematology & Oncology, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Naftali Busakhala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; Department of Hematology & Oncology, Moi University School of Medicine, P. O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Zipporah Kamuren
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Hillary Rono
- Kitale County Hospital; London School of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, P.O. Box 98-30200, Kitale, Kenya
| | - Wilfred Kimalat
- Retired Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education, Science & Technology, Provisional Administration & Internal Security, Office of the President, P. O. Box 28467-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Evangeline Njiru
- Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606, Eldoret, 30100 Kenya
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340
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Singhi AD, Arnold CA, Lam-Himlin DM, Nikiforova MN, Voltaggio L, Canto MI, McGrath KM, Montgomery EA. Targeted next-generation sequencing supports epidermoid metaplasia of the esophagus as a precursor to esophageal squamous neoplasia. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:1613-1621. [PMID: 28731047 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal epidermoid metaplasia is a rare condition that involves the proximal-to-middle third of the esophagus. It is sharply demarcated and defined histologically by epithelial hyperplasia, a prominent granular cell layer, and superficial hyperorthokeratosis. In addition, preliminary studies have suggested an association between esophageal epidermoid metaplasia and esophageal squamous neoplasia (squamous dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma). To further characterize esophageal epidermoid metaplasia and better define its relationship to squamous neoplasia of the esophagus, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing on uninvolved esophageal squamous mucosa and matching esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens from 18 patients. Further, we evaluated both synchronous and metachronous high-grade squamous dysplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by next-generation sequencing from 5 of the 18 (28%) patients, and compared these findings to corresponding esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed 12 of 18 (67%) esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens' harbored alterations in genes often associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The most frequently mutated genes consisted of TP53 (n=10), PIK3CA (n=2), EGFR (n=2), MYCN (n=1), HRAS (n=1), and the TERT promoter (n=1). Sequencing of synchronous and metachronous high-grade squamous dysplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma identified shared genetic alterations with corresponding esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens that suggests a clonal relationship between these entities. In addition, the presence of a TP53 mutation in esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens correlated with concurrent or progression to high-grade squamous dysplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. No genetic alterations were detected in uninvolved esophageal squamous mucosa. On the basis of these findings, we conclude esophageal epidermoid metaplasia is a precursor to in situ and invasive esophageal squamous neoplasia. Further, the detection of TP53 mutations in esophageal epidermoid metaplasia specimens may serve as an early detection biomarker for high-grade squamous dysplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Marina N Nikiforova
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Marcia I Canto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin M McGrath
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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341
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Liang Y, Wu Y, Chen X, Zhang S, Wang K, Guan X, Yang K, Li J, Bai Y. A novel long noncoding RNA linc00460 up-regulated by CBP/P300 promotes carcinogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171019. [PMID: 28939763 PMCID: PMC5964888 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality because of poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been gradually demonstrated to play critical roles in cancer development. We identified a novel long noncoding RNA named linc00460 by microarray analysis using esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) clinical samples, which has not been studied before. Our research indicated that linc00460 was overexpressed in the majority of tumor tissues and ESCC cell lines. Linc00460 expression was positively correlated with ESCC TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and predicted poor prognosis. In vitro experiments showed that linc00460 depletion suppressed ESCC cell growth through regulating cell proliferation and cell cycle; in additional, linc00460 depletion accelerated ESCC cell apoptosis. We further revealed that linc00460 overexpression was manipulated by transcriptional co-activator CBP/P300 through histone acetylation. Given the high expression and important biological functions of linc00460, we suggest that linc00460 works as an oncogene and might be a valuable prognostic biomarker for ESCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuedan Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingying Guan
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
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342
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Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Indicator for Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2017; 32:e409-e414. [PMID: 28799624 DOI: 10.5301/ijbm.5000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with overall survival (OS) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Method Records of patients with diagnosed ESCC were reviewed. Leukocyte counts and patients' characteristics were extracted from their clinical records to calculate NLR. Correlation between NLR and baseline characteristics with overall survival (OS) was then analyzed using Cox regression. The patients were then separated into higher and lower NLR groups according to median NLR. OS was further compared between the 2 groups. Results A total of 1281 patients were included in the study. Cox regression analysis showed a significant correlation of NLR with OS of ESCC patients. The median pretreatment NLR was identified as 2.86. Higher NLR was associated with worse prognosis in terms of OS. Conclusions Pretreatment NLR is independently associated with OS of ESCC patients. Therefore, NLR may be used as a predictive indicator for pretreatment evaluation and adjustment of treatment regimen.
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343
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Qian CJ, Qi YX, Chen XY, Zeng JP, Yao J. Sporamin suppresses growth of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibition of NF‑κB via an AKT‑independent pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9620-9626. [PMID: 29039512 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether sporamin, a trypsin inhibitor, suppresses the growth of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells in vitro. Sporamin treatment led to the suppression of viability and proliferation of human ESCC cell lines, EC9706 and EC109, as determined by MTT and [3H] thymidine incorporation assays, respectively. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that sporamin significantly induced apoptosis in EC9706 and EC109 cells. Western blotting demonstrated that sporamin downregulated the expression of Bcl‑2 and Bcl‑2 like 1, and upregulated the expression of Bcl‑2‑associated X in EC9706 and EC109 cells. In addition, marked inhibition of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activation was observed in sporamin‑treated EC9706 and EC109 cells by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Sporamin treatment also resulted in reduced expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑NF‑κB inhibitor α and nuclear NF‑κB p65. However, the expression levels of p‑protein inase (AKT) and its downstream target, p‑p70 S6 kinase, were not markedly altered following sporamin treatment. In conclusion, sporamin may suppress the growth of human ESCC cells via NF‑κB‑dependent and AKT‑independent mechanisms and may act as a promising natural therapeutic agent for the treatment of human ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Juan Qian
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Xiao Qi
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yao
- Institute of Tumor, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
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344
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Wang X, Wang J, Jia Y, Wang Y, Han X, Duan Y, Lv W, Ma M, Liu L. Methylation decreases the Bin1 tumor suppressor in ESCC and restoration by decitabine inhibits the epithelial mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19661-19673. [PMID: 28152502 PMCID: PMC5386712 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bridging integrator-1 (Bin1), as a tumor suppressor, is frequently attenuated or even abolished in multiple primary cancers. A reduced expression of Bin1 caused by DNA methylation, has been reported in breast and prostate cancers. However, the methylation status of Bin1 and potent biological functions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. In a previous study, we showed that the Bin1 expression was low in ESCC tissues. Herein, we further characterized this mechanism, confirming that gene hypermethylation was significantly correlated with the aberrant attenuation of Bin1. In addition, the Bin1 hypermethylation was associated with the poorer clinical parameters and shorter survival times of ESCC patients. Methylation-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (MS-RT-PCR) showed that Bin1 was hypermethylated in several ESCC cell lines, which might be the main cause of reduced Bin1 expression. In addition, treatment with the de-methylation agent Decitabine (DAC) could restore Bin1 expression and evidently restrained ESCC cell malignant behaviors, particularly the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) via reactivating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that Bin1 methylation could augment the malignant biological behaviors of ESCC and predict the poor prognosis for ESCC patients, thus indicating the potential clinical application value of DAC-based de-methylation therapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiao Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunlong Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaonan Han
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
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345
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Ashktorab H, Kupfer SS, Brim H, Carethers JM. Racial Disparity in Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:910-923. [PMID: 28807841 PMCID: PMC5623134 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer from the gastrointestinal tract and its associated excretory organs will occur in more than 300,000 Americans in 2017, with colorectal cancer responsible for >40% of that burden; there will be more than 150,000 deaths from this group of cancers in the same time period. Disparities among subgroups related to the incidence and mortality of these cancers exist. The epidemiology and risk factors associated with each cancer bear out differences for racial groups in the United States. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is more frequent in non-Hispanic whites, whereas esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with risk factors of tobacco and alcohol is more frequent among blacks. Liver cancer has been most frequent among Asian/Pacific Islanders, chiefly due to hepatitis B vertical transmission, but other racial groups show increasing rates due to hepatitis C and emergence of cirrhosis from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastric cancer incidence remains highest among Asian/Pacific Islanders likely due to gene-environment interaction. In addition to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, cancers of the small bowel, pancreas, and colorectum show the highest rates among blacks, where the explanations for the disparity are not as obvious and are likely multifactorial, including socioeconomic and health care access, treatment, and prevention (vaccination and screening) differences, dietary and composition of the gut microbiome, as well as biologic and genetic influences. Cognizance of these disparities in gastrointestinal cancer risk, as well as approaches that apply precision medicine methods to populations with the increased risk, may reduce the observed disparities for digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia; Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sonia S Kupfer
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hassan Brim
- Department of Pathology, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - John M Carethers
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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346
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Faccin TC, Masuda EK, Piazer JVM, Melo SMP, Kommers GD. Annular Stenotic Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cattle Exposed Naturally to Bracken Fern (Pteridium arachnoideum). J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:174-180. [PMID: 28942300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) may be observed as exophytic masses or ulcerative or infiltrative endophytic neoplasms. However, in cattle, there is also an uncommon gross presentation as an annular stenotic thickening of the oesophageal wall. Thirteen cases of annular stenotic oesophageal SCC in cattle grazing in bracken fern (Pteridium arachnoideum) areas are reported. The lesions consisted of endophytic masses, focally extensive, firm and circumferential (annular) in the oesophageal wall. Pronounced wrinkling of the mucosa, with retracted uneven areas and subsequent luminal narrowing (stenosis), was observed in all cases. Papillomas and squamous intraepithelial lesions also were observed in these cases. The SCCs were graded as well differentiated (n = 7), moderately differentiated (n = 5) or poorly differentiated (n = 1). The neoplastic keratinocytes were surrounded by moderate to abundant fibrous connective tissue (a desmoplastic reaction), that was better demonstrated by Masson's trichrome stain. Picrosirius red-stained sections showed abundant collagen type I fibres, which contributed to the stenosing characteristics of this tumour. Although it might be easily misdiagnosed as oesophageal scar tissue, the oesophageal SCCs of cattle grazing bracken fern may have a distinctive gross appearance that should be included in the differential diagnosis of oesophageal stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Faccin
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - J V M Piazer
- Inspetoria Veterinária de Jaguari, Jaguari, RS, Brazil
| | - S M P Melo
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - G D Kommers
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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347
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Masaoka H, Matsuo K, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Goto A, Shimazu T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Eto M, Tsugane S. Alcohol consumption and bladder cancer risk with or without the flushing response: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:2480-2488. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Masaoka
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Urology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology; Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Epidemiology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening; National Cancer Center; Tokyo Japan
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Molecular Mechanisms of Acetaldehyde-Mediated Carcinogenesis in Squamous Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091943. [PMID: 28891965 PMCID: PMC5618592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde is a highly reactive compound that causes various forms of damage to DNA, including DNA adducts, single- and/or double-strand breaks (DSBs), point mutations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and DNA-DNA cross-links. Among these, DNA adducts such as N²-ethylidene-2'-deoxyguanosine, N²-ethyl-2'-deoxyguanosine, N²-propano-2'-deoxyguanosine, and N²-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine are central to acetaldehyde-mediated DNA damage because they are associated with the induction of DNA mutations, DNA-DNA cross-links, DSBs, and SCEs. Acetaldehyde is produced endogenously by alcohol metabolism and is catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). Alcohol consumption increases blood and salivary acetaldehyde levels, especially in individuals with ALDH2 polymorphisms, which are highly associated with the risk of squamous cell carcinomas in the upper aerodigestive tract. Based on extensive epidemiological evidence, the International Agency for Research on Cancer defined acetaldehyde associated with the consumption of alcoholic beverages as a "group 1 carcinogen" (definite carcinogen) for the esophagus and/or head and neck. In this article, we review recent advances from studies of acetaldehyde-mediated carcinogenesis in the squamous epithelium, focusing especially on acetaldehyde-mediated DNA adducts. We also give attention to research on acetaldehyde-mediated DNA repair pathways such as the Fanconi anemia pathway and refer to our studies on the prevention of acetaldehyde-mediated DNA damage.
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349
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A Novel Grading System Based on Tumor Budding and Cell Nest Size Is a Strong Predictor of Patient Outcome in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:1112-1120. [PMID: 28505009 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The determination of prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is primarily based on staging according to the TNM-classification, whereas conventional grading is of minor clinical importance because of its deficiencies in prognostic patient stratification. Recently, a novel, highly prognostic grading scheme based on budding activity and cell nest size has been proposed for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of both pulmonary as well as oral origin. In order to investigate the utility and transferability of this approach to ESCC, we evaluated budding activity and cell nest size, as well as other histomorphologic characteristics, in a cohort of 135 primarily resected tumors and correlated the results with clinicopathologic and outcome parameters. High budding activity and small cell nest size showed a strong association with reduced overall, disease-specific, and disease-free survival (P<0.001, respectively) in ESCC. The combination of both markers in a 3-step grading system showed excellent prognostic separation of well-differentiated (G1), moderately differentiated (G2), and poorly differentiated (G3) carcinomas (P<0.001). The hazard ratio for disease-free survival in multivariate analysis under inclusion of stage was 2.97 for G2 and 5.42 for G3 ESCC (P<0.001). World Health Organization-based grading had no prognostic impact. Taken together, our data prove the value of tumor budding and cell nest size as excellent outcome predictors in ESCC and validate the utility of a previously established grading scheme proposed for oral and pulmonary SCC in this tumor entity. Ultimately, these combined efforts may result in a universal grading system for SCC regardless of the site of origin.
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350
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Up-regulation of lncRNA CASC9 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth by negatively regulating PDCD4 expression through EZH2. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:150. [PMID: 28854977 PMCID: PMC5577767 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal expression of numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been reported in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) recently, but the great majority of their roles and mechanisms remain largely unclear. We aim to identify the critical ESCC-associated lncRNAs and elucidate the functions and mechanisms in detail. Methods Microarrays were used to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs in ESCC tissues. qRT-PCR was used to verify the result of microarrays. The effects of the most up-regulated lncRNA, cancer susceptibility candidate 9(CASC9), on cell growth, proliferation and cell cycle were investigated by in vivo and in vitro assays. Microarrays and recovery tests were used to discover the regulatory targets of CASC9. RNA FISH and subcellular fractionation assays were used to detect the subcellular location of CASC9. Finally, the mechanism of CASC9 regulating PDCD4 was explored by RIP, RNA-protein pull down and ChIP assays. Results ESCC tissue microarrays showed that CASC9 was the most up-regulated lncRNA. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that CASC9 expression was positively associated with tumor size and TNM stage, and predicted poor overall survival of ESCC patients. Knockdown of CASC9 inhibited ESCC cell growth in vitro and tumorigenesis in nude mice. Furthermore interfering CASC9 decreased cell proliferation and blocked cell cycle G1/S transition. CASC9-associated microarrays indicated that PDCD4 might be the target of CASC9. Consistent with this, PDCD4 expression was negatively associated with CASC9 expression in ESCC tissues and predicted good prognosis. Manipulating CASC9 expression in ESCC cells altered both PDCD4 mRNA and protein levels and cell cycle arrest caused by CASC9 knockdown could be rescued by suppressing PDCD4 expression. CASC9 located both in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Mechanistically, enhancer of zeste homolog2 (EZH2) could bind to both CASC9 and PDCD4 promoter region. Interfering CASC9 reduced the enrichment of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in the PDCD4 promoter region. Conclusions Our study firstly demonstrates that lncRNA CASC9 functions as an oncogene by negatively regulating PDCD4 expression through recruiting EZH2 and subsequently altering H3K27me3 level. Our study implicates lncRNA CASC9 as a valuable biomarker for ESCC diagnosis and prognosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-017-0715-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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