301
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Zamay TN, Zamay GS, Belyanina IV, Zamay SS, Denisenko VV, Kolovskaya OS, Ivanchenko TI, Grigorieva VL, Garanzha IV, Veprintsev DV, Glazyrin YE, Shabanov AV, Prinz VY, Seleznev VA, Sokolov AE, Prokopenko VS, Kim PD, Gargaun A, Berezovski MV, Zamay AS. Noninvasive Microsurgery Using Aptamer-Functionalized Magnetic Microdisks for Tumor Cell Eradication. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 27:105-114. [PMID: 27923103 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2016.0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetomechanical cell disruption using nano- and microsized structures is a promising biomedical technology used for noninvasive elimination of diseased cells. It applies alternating magnetic field (AMF) for ferromagnetic microdisks making them oscillate and causing cell membrane disruption with cell death followed by apoptosis. In this study, we functionalized the magnetic microdisks with cell-binding DNA aptamers and guided the microdisks to recognize cancerous cells in a mouse tumor in vivo. Only 10 min of the treatment with a 100 Hz AMF was enough to eliminate cancer cells from a malignant tumor. Our results demonstrate a good perspective of using aptamer-modified magnetic microdisks for noninvasive microsurgery for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N Zamay
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,2 Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina S Zamay
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Irina V Belyanina
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,2 Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zamay
- 3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Valery V Denisenko
- 3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,4 Institute of Computational Modeling, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Olga S Kolovskaya
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana I Ivanchenko
- 3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Valentina L Grigorieva
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,2 Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Irina V Garanzha
- 2 Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Veprintsev
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yury E Glazyrin
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Shabanov
- 3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Viktor Y Prinz
- 5 The Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Seleznev
- 5 The Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey E Sokolov
- 6 Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Petr D Kim
- 3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ana Gargaun
- 8 Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maxim V Berezovski
- 8 Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Anna S Zamay
- 1 Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University , Krasnoyarsk, Russia .,3 Krasnoyarsk Research Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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302
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Jacquemet G, Baghirov H, Georgiadou M, Sihto H, Peuhu E, Cettour-Janet P, He T, Perälä M, Kronqvist P, Joensuu H, Ivaska J. L-type calcium channels regulate filopodia stability and cancer cell invasion downstream of integrin signalling. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13297. [PMID: 27910855 PMCID: PMC5146291 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence suggest an important role for filopodia in driving cancer cell invasion. Using a high-throughput microscopic-based drug screen, we identify FDA-approved calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as potent inhibitors of filopodia formation in cancer cells. Unexpectedly, we discover that L-type calcium channels are functional and frequently expressed in cancer cells suggesting a previously unappreciated role for these channels during tumorigenesis. We further demonstrate that, at filopodia, L-type calcium channels are activated by integrin inside-out signalling, integrin activation and Src. Moreover, L-type calcium channels promote filopodia stability and maturation into talin-rich adhesions through the spatially restricted regulation of calcium entry and subsequent activation of the protease calpain-1. Altogether we uncover a novel and clinically relevant signalling pathway that regulates filopodia formation in cancer cells and propose that cycles of filopodia stabilization, followed by maturation into focal adhesions, directs cancer cell migration and invasion. Filopodia have a prominent role in driving cancer cell invasion. Here, the authors show that L-type calcium channels are a druggable target regulating filopodia stability and maturation into focal adhesions in metastatic breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Jacquemet
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Habib Baghirov
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Georgiadou
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Sihto
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology program, University of Helsinki, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emilia Peuhu
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Tao He
- VTT Medical Biotechnology, Technical Research Centre of Finland, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Perälä
- VTT Medical Biotechnology, Technical Research Centre of Finland, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Pauliina Kronqvist
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Translational Cancer Biology program, University of Helsinki, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
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303
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Fernández P J, Méndez-Sánchez SC, Gonzalez-Correa CA, Miranda DA. Could field cancerization be interpreted as a biochemical anomaly amplification due to transformed cells? Med Hypotheses 2016; 97:107-111. [PMID: 27876116 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Field cancerization is a concept used to explain cellular and molecular alterations in tissue associated to neoplasia and cancer. This effect was proposed by Slaughter in order to explain the development of multiple primary tumors and locally recurrent cancer. The particular changes associated with this effect, in each type of cancer, have been detected even at distances greater than 10cm off the tumor, in areas classified as normal by histopathological studies. Early detection of lung, colon, and ovary cancer has been reported by the use of Partial Wave Microscopy Spectroscopy (PWS) and has been explained in terms of the field cancerization effect. Until now, field cancerization has been studied as a field effect and we hypothesize that it can be understood as an amplifying effect of biochemical abnormalities in cells, which leads us to ask the question: Could field cancerization be interpreted as a biochemical anomaly amplification due to transformed cells? We propose this question because the biochemical changes due to field cancerization alter the dynamics of molecules and cells in abnormal tissues in comparison to normal ones, these alterations modify the interaction of intracellular and extracellular medium, as well as cellular movement. We hypothesize that field cancerization when interpreted as an amplification effect can be used for the early detection of cancer by measuring the change of cell dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeth Fernández P
- Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Cll 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Stelia C Méndez-Sánchez
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Cll 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - David A Miranda
- Universidad Industrial de Santander, Cra 27 Cll 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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304
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Khosravi F, Trainor PJ, Lambert C, Kloecker G, Wickstrom E, Rai SN, Panchapakesan B. Static micro-array isolation, dynamic time series classification, capture and enumeration of spiked breast cancer cells in blood: the nanotube-CTC chip. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:44LT03. [PMID: 27680886 PMCID: PMC5374058 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/44/44lt03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the rapid and label-free capture of breast cancer cells spiked in blood using nanotube-antibody micro-arrays. 76-element single wall carbon nanotube arrays were manufactured using photo-lithography, metal deposition, and etching techniques. Anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (anti-EpCAM), Anti-human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (anti-Her2) and non-specific IgG antibodies were functionalized to the surface of the nanotube devices using 1-pyrene-butanoic acid succinimidyl ester. Following device functionalization, blood spiked with SKBR3, MCF7 and MCF10A cells (100/1000 cells per 5 μl per device, 170 elements totaling 0.85 ml of whole blood) were adsorbed on to the nanotube device arrays. Electrical signatures were recorded from each device to screen the samples for differences in interaction (specific or non-specific) between samples and devices. A zone classification scheme enabled the classification of all 170 elements in a single map. A kernel-based statistical classifier for the 'liquid biopsy' was developed to create a predictive model based on dynamic time warping series to classify device electrical signals that corresponded to plain blood (control) or SKBR3 spiked blood (case) on anti-Her2 functionalized devices with ∼90% sensitivity, and 90% specificity in capture of 1000 SKBR3 breast cancer cells in blood using anti-Her2 functionalized devices. Screened devices that gave positive electrical signatures were confirmed using optical/confocal microscopy to hold spiked cancer cells. Confocal microscopic analysis of devices that were classified to hold spiked blood based on their electrical signatures confirmed the presence of cancer cells through staining for DAPI (nuclei), cytokeratin (cancer cells) and CD45 (hematologic cells) with single cell sensitivity. We report 55%-100% cancer cell capture yield depending on the active device area for blood adsorption with mean of 62% (∼12 500 captured off 20 000 spiked cells in 0.1 ml blood) in this first nanotube-CTC chip study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Khosravi
- Small Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Patrick J Trainor
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
| | - Christopher Lambert
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Goetz Kloecker
- Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
| | - Eric Wickstrom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19130, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
| | - Balaji Panchapakesan
- Small Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
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305
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Chowdhury SM, Xie S, Fang J, Lee SK, Sitharaman B. Nanoparticle-Facilitated Membrane Depolarization-Induced Receptor Activation: Implications on Cellular Uptake and Drug Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2153-2161. [PMID: 33465891 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell-specific uptake of drug delivery systems (DDSs) are crucial to achieve optimal efficacy of many drugs. Widely employed strategies to facilitate targeted intracellular drug delivery involves attachment of targeting ligands (peptides or antibodies) to DDSs. Target receptors mutations can limit the effectiveness of this approach. Herein, we demonstrate, through in vitro inhibitory and drug delivery studies, that graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), water dispersed with the amphiphilic polymer called PEG-DSPE ((1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N [amino (polyethylene glycol)]) (induce membrane depolarization-mediated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation. This phenomenon is ligand-independent and EGFR activation occurs via influx of Ca2+ ions from the extracellular space. We further provide evidence, through in vivo studies, that this mechanism could be exploited to facilitate efficacious drug delivery into tumors that overexpress EGFR. The results suggest that transient membrane depolarization-facilitated cell receptor activation can be employed as an alternate strategy for enhanced intracellular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Mullick Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Shawn Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Justin Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Stephen K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Balaji Sitharaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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306
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Wang D, Wang J, Jiang Y, Liang Y, Xu D. BFDCA: A Comprehensive Tool of Using Bayes Factor for Differential Co-Expression Analysis. J Mol Biol 2016; 429:446-453. [PMID: 27984044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Comparing the gene-expression profiles between biological conditions is useful for understanding gene regulation underlying complex phenotypes. Along this line, analysis of differential co-expression (DC) has gained attention in the recent years, where genes under one condition have different co-expression patterns compared with another. We developed an R package Bayes Factor approach for Differential Co-expression Analysis (BFDCA) for DC analysis. BFDCA is unique in integrating various aspects of DC patterns (including Shift, Cross, and Re-wiring) into one uniform Bayes factor. We tested BFDCA using simulation data and experimental data. Simulation results indicate that BFDCA outperforms existing methods in accuracy and robustness of detecting DC pairs and DC modules. Results of using experimental data suggest that BFDCA can cluster disease-related genes into functional DC subunits and estimate the regulatory impact of disease-related genes well. BFDCA also achieves high accuracy in predicting case-control phenotypes by using significant DC gene pairs as markers. BFDCA is publicly available at http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/jdz4vtvnm3.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duolin Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130012; Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Juexin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yuexu Jiang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130012; Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yanchun Liang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130012; Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130012; Department of Computer Science and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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307
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Tajhya RB, Hu X, Tanner MR, Huq R, Kongchan N, Neilson JR, Rodney GG, Horrigan FT, Timchenko LT, Beeton C. Functional KCa1.1 channels are crucial for regulating the proliferation, migration and differentiation of human primary skeletal myoblasts. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2426. [PMID: 27763639 PMCID: PMC5133989 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Myoblasts are mononucleated precursors of myofibers; they persist in mature skeletal muscles for growth and regeneration post injury. During myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), a complex autosomal-dominant neuromuscular disease, the differentiation of skeletal myoblasts into functional myotubes is impaired, resulting in muscle wasting and weakness. The mechanisms leading to this altered differentiation are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the calcium- and voltage-dependent potassium channel, KCa1.1 (BK, Slo1, KCNMA1), regulates myoblast proliferation, migration, and fusion. We also show a loss of plasma membrane expression of the pore-forming α subunit of KCa1.1 in DM1 myoblasts. Inhibiting the function of KCa1.1 in healthy myoblasts induced an increase in cytosolic calcium levels and altered nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) levels without affecting cell survival. In these normal cells, KCa1.1 block resulted in enhanced proliferation and decreased matrix metalloproteinase secretion, migration, and myotube fusion, phenotypes all observed in DM1 myoblasts and associated with disease pathogenesis. In contrast, introducing functional KCa1.1 α-subunits into DM1 myoblasts normalized their proliferation and rescued expression of the late myogenic marker Mef2. Our results identify KCa1.1 channels as crucial regulators of skeletal myogenesis and suggest these channels as novel therapeutic targets in DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev B Tajhya
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xueyou Hu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark R Tanner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Redwan Huq
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Natee Kongchan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joel R Neilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frank T Horrigan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lubov T Timchenko
- Department of Pediatrics Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Christine Beeton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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308
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The interplay between genetic and bioelectrical signaling permits a spatial regionalisation of membrane potentials in model multicellular ensembles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35201. [PMID: 27731412 PMCID: PMC5059667 DOI: 10.1038/srep35201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The single cell-centred approach emphasises ion channels as specific proteins that determine individual properties, disregarding their contribution to multicellular outcomes. We simulate the interplay between genetic and bioelectrical signals in non-excitable cells from the local single-cell level to the long range multicellular ensemble. The single-cell genetic regulation is based on mean-field kinetic equations involving the mRNA and protein concentrations. The transcription rate factor is assumed to depend on the absolute value of the cell potential, which is dictated by the voltage-gated cell ion channels and the intercellular gap junctions. The interplay between genetic and electrical signals may allow translating single-cell states into multicellular states which provide spatio-temporal information. The model results have clear implications for biological processes: (i) bioelectric signals can override slightly different genetic pre-patterns; (ii) ensembles of cells initially at the same potential can undergo an electrical regionalisation because of persistent genetic differences between adjacent spatial regions; and (iii) shifts in the normal cell electrical balance could trigger significant changes in the genetic regulation.
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309
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Patel F, Brackenbury WJ. Dual roles of voltage-gated sodium channels in development and cancer. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 59:357-66. [PMID: 26009234 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.150171wb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Na(+) channels (VGSCs) are heteromeric protein complexes containing pore-forming α subunits together with non-pore-forming β subunits. There are nine α subunits, Nav1.1-Nav1.9, and four β subunits, β1-β4. The β subunits are multifunctional, modulating channel activity, cell surface expression, and are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. VGSCs are classically responsible for action potential initiation and conduction in electrically excitable cells, including neurons and muscle cells. In addition, through the β1 subunit, VGSCs regulate neurite outgrowth and pathfinding in the developing central nervous system. Reciprocal signalling through Nav1.6 and β1 collectively regulates Na(+) current, electrical excitability and neurite outgrowth in cerebellar granule neurons. Thus, α and β subunits may have diverse interacting roles dependent on cell/tissue type. VGSCs are also expressed in non-excitable cells, including cells derived from a number of types of cancer. In cancer cells, VGSC α and β subunits regulate cellular morphology, migration, invasion and metastasis. VGSC expression associates with poor prognosis in several studies. It is hypothesised that VGSCs are up-regulated in metastatic tumours, favouring an invasive phenotype. Thus, VGSCs may have utility as prognostic markers, and/or as novel therapeutic targets for reducing/preventing metastatic disease burden. VGSCs appear to regulate a number of key cellular processes, both during normal postnatal development of the CNS and during cancer metastasis, by a combination of conducting (i.e. via Na(+) current) and non-conducting mechanisms.
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310
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Kammerer S, Jahn SW, Winter E, Eidenhammer S, Rezania S, Regitnig P, Pichler M, Schreibmayer W, Bauernhofer T. Critical evaluation of KCNJ3 gene product detection in human breast cancer: mRNA in situ hybridisation is superior to immunohistochemistry. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:1116-1121. [PMID: 27698251 PMCID: PMC5256407 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression levels of KCNJ3 have been correlated with lymph node metastases and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer, suggesting a prognostic role of KCNJ3. We aimed to establish protocols for the detection of KCNJ3 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissue. Several antibodies were tested for sensitivity and specificity by western blot, followed by optimisation of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure and establishment of KCNJ3 mRNA in situ hybridisation (ISH). Methods were validated by processing 15 FFPE breast cancer samples for which microarray data were available. Spearman's rank correlation analysis resulted in borderline significant correlation for IHC versus ISH (rS: 0.625; p<0.05) and IHC versus microarray (rS: 0.668; p<0.01), but in significant correlation for ISH versus microarray (rS: 0.861; p<0.001). The ISH method was superior to IHC, regarding robustness, sensitivity and specificity and will aid to further study expression levels of KCNJ3 in both malignant and physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kammerer
- Molecular Physiology Group, Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Elke Winter
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Simin Rezania
- Molecular Physiology Group, Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Regitnig
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schreibmayer
- Molecular Physiology Group, Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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311
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pH-sensitive K+ channel TREK-1 is a novel target in pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1994-2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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312
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Berzingi S, Newman M, Yu HG. Altering bioelectricity on inhibition of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:72. [PMID: 27688735 PMCID: PMC5034549 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Membrane depolarization is associated with breast cancer. Depolarization-activated voltage-gated ion channels are directly implicated in the initiation, proliferation, and metastasis of breast cancer. Methods In this study, the role of voltage-gated potassium and calcium ion channel modulation was explored in two different invasive ductal human carcinoma cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative) and MCF7 (estrogen-receptor-positive). Results Resting membrane potential is more depolarized in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells compared to normal human mammary epithelial cells. Increasing extracellular potassium concentration up to 50 mM depolarized membrane potential and greatly increased cell growth. Tetraethylammonium (TEA), a non-specific blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels, stimulated growth of MCF7 cells (control group grew by 201 %, 1 mM TEA group grew 376 %). Depolarization-induced calcium influx was hypothesized as a requirement for growth of human breast cancer. Removing calcium from culture medium stopped growth of MDA and MCF7 cells, leading to cell death after 1 week. Verapamil, a blocker of voltage-gated calcium channels clinically used in treating hypertension and coronary disease, inhibited growth of MDA cells at low concentration (10–20 μM) by 73 and 92 % after 1 and 2 days, respectively. At high concentration (100 μM), verapamil killed >90 % of MDA and MCF7 cells after 1 day. Immunoblotting experiments demonstrated that an increased expression of caspase-3, critical in apoptosis signaling, positively correlated with verapamil concentration in MDA cells. In MCF7, caspase-9 expression is increased in response to verapamil. Conclusions Our results support our hypotheses that membrane depolarization and depolarization-induced calcium influx stimulate proliferation of human breast cancer cells, independently of cancer subtypes. The underlying mechanism of verapamil-induced cell death involves different caspases in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. These data suggest that voltage-gated potassium and calcium channels may be putative targets for pharmaceutical remediation in human invasive ductal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher Berzingi
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| | - Mackenzie Newman
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| | - Han-Gang Yu
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
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313
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Xia J, Huang N, Huang H, Sun L, Dong S, Su J, Zhang J, Wang L, Lin L, Shi M, Bin J, Liao Y, Li N, Liao W. Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav 1.7 promotes gastric cancer progression through MACC1-mediated upregulation of NHE1. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2553-69. [PMID: 27529686 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), which are aberrantly expressed in several human cancers, affect cancer cell behavior; however, their role in gastric cancer (GC) and the link between these channels and tumorigenic signaling remain unclear. The aims of this study were to determine the clinicopathological significance and role of the VGSC Nav 1.7 in GC progression and to investigate the associated mechanisms. Here, we report that the SCN9A gene encoding Nav 1.7 was the most abundantly expressed VGSC subtype in GC tissue samples and two GC cell lines (BGC-823 and MKN-28 cells). SCN9A expression levels were also frequently found to be elevated in GC samples compared to nonmalignant tissues by real-time PCR. In the 319 GC specimens evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Nav 1.7 expression was correlated with prognosis, and transporter Na(+) /H(+) exchanger-1 (NHE1) and oncoprotein metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) expression. Nav 1.7 suppression resulted in reduced voltage-gated sodium currents, decreased NHE1 expression, increased extracellular pH and decreased intracellular pH, and ultimately, reduced invasion and proliferation rates of GC cells and growth of GC xenografts in nude mice. Nav 1.7 inhibition led to reduced MACC1 expression, while MACC1 inhibition resulted in reduced NHE1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the suppression of Nav 1.7 decreased NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation via p38 activation, thus reducing MACC1 expression. Downregulation of MACC1 decreased c-Jun phosphorylation and subsequently reduced NHE1 expression, whereas the addition of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a c-Met physiological ligand, reversed the effect. These results indicate that Nav 1.7 promotes GC progression through MACC1-mediated upregulation of NHE1. Therefore, Nav 1.7 is a potential prognostic marker and/or therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Xia
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hongxiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shaoting Dong
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinyu Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Nailin Li
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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314
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Rezania S, Kammerer S, Li C, Steinecker-Frohnwieser B, Gorischek A, DeVaney TTJ, Verheyen S, Passegger CA, Tabrizi-Wizsy NG, Hackl H, Platzer D, Zarnani AH, Malle E, Jahn SW, Bauernhofer T, Schreibmayer W. Overexpression of KCNJ3 gene splice variants affects vital parameters of the malignant breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in an opposing manner. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:628. [PMID: 27519272 PMCID: PMC4983040 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression the KCNJ3, a gene that encodes subunit 1 of G-protein activated inwardly rectifying K(+) channel (GIRK1) in the primary tumor has been found to be associated with reduced survival times and increased lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. METHODS In order to survey possible tumorigenic properties of GIRK1 overexpression, a range of malignant mammary epithelial cells, based on the MCF-7 cell line that permanently overexpress different splice variants of the KCNJ3 gene (GIRK1a, GIRK1c, GIRK1d and as a control, eYFP) were produced. Subsequently, selected cardinal neoplasia associated cellular parameters were assessed and compared. RESULTS Adhesion to fibronectin coated surface as well as cell proliferation remained unaffected. Other vital parameters intimately linked to malignancy, i.e. wound healing, chemoinvasion, cellular velocities / motilities and angiogenesis were massively affected by GIRK1 overexpression. Overexpression of different GIRK1 splice variants exerted differential actions. While GIRK1a and GIRK1c overexpression reinforced the affected parameters towards malignancy, overexpression of GIRK1d resulted in the opposite. Single channel recording using the patch clamp technique revealed functional GIRK channels in the plasma membrane of MCF-7 cells albeit at very low frequency. DISCUSSION We conclude that GIRK1d acts as a dominant negative constituent of functional GIRK complexes present in the plasma membrane of MCF-7 cells, while overexpression of GIRK1a and GIRK1c augmented their activity. The core component responsible for the cancerogenic action of GIRK1 is apparently presented by a segment comprising aminoacids 235-402, that is present exclusively in GIRK1a and GIRK1c, but not GIRK1d (positions according to GIRK1a primary structure). CONCLUSIONS The current study provides insight into the cellular and molecular consequences of KCNJ3 overexpression in breast cancer cells and the mechanism upon clinical outcome in patients suffering from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rezania
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S. Kammerer
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C. Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B. Steinecker-Frohnwieser
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Present address: Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A. Gorischek
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T. T. J. DeVaney
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S. Verheyen
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Present address: Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C. A. Passegger
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, SFL Chicken CAM Laboratory, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N. Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, SFL Chicken CAM Laboratory, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H. Hackl
- Division of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D. Platzer
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
| | - A. H. Zarnani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - E. Malle
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S. W. Jahn
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T. Bauernhofer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W. Schreibmayer
- Institute of Biophysics, Molecular Physiology Group, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit on Ion Channels and Cancer Biology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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315
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Vickery ON, Machtens JP, Zachariae U. Membrane potentials regulating GPCRs: insights from experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 30:44-50. [PMID: 27474871 PMCID: PMC5080454 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) form the largest class of membrane proteins in humans and the targets of most present drugs. Membrane potential is one of the defining characteristics of living cells. Recent work has shown that the membrane voltage, and changes thereof, modulates signal transduction and ligand binding in GPCRs. As it may allow differential signalling patterns depending on tissue, cell type, and the excitation status of excitable cells, GPCR voltage sensitivity could have important implications for their pharmacology. This review summarises recent experimental insights on GPCR voltage regulation and the role of molecular dynamics simulations in identifying the structural basis of GPCR voltage-sensing. We discuss the potential significance for drug design on GPCR targets from excitable and non-excitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen N Vickery
- Physics, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate Dundee DD1 4NH, UK; Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Jan-Philipp Machtens
- Institute of Complex Systems, Zelluläre Biophysik (ICS-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Zachariae
- Physics, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate Dundee DD1 4NH, UK; Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
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316
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317
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Abstract
Bioelectrodynamics is an interdisciplinary subject that offers a pathway for nursing to develop a new patient care strategy in health care. The application of bioenergy to living organisms has the potential to advance medical science in the areas of prevention, cancer, wound care, pain, and many other chronic diseases.
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318
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Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) underlies memory, perception, decision-making, and behavior in numerous organisms. However, neural networks have no monopoly on the signaling functions that implement these remarkable algorithms. It is often forgotten that neurons optimized cellular signaling modes that existed long before the CNS appeared during evolution, and were used by somatic cellular networks to orchestrate physiology, embryonic development, and behavior. Many of the key dynamics that enable information processing can, in fact, be implemented by different biological hardware. This is widely exploited by organisms throughout the tree of life. Here, we review data on memory, learning, and other aspects of cognition in a range of models, including single celled organisms, plants, and tissues in animal bodies. We discuss current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms at work in these systems, and suggest several hypotheses for future investigation. The study of cognitive processes implemented in aneural contexts is a fascinating, highly interdisciplinary topic that has many implications for evolution, cell biology, regenerative medicine, computer science, and synthetic bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Baluška
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department, Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University Medford, MA, USA
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319
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Vickery ON, Machtens JP, Tamburrino G, Seeliger D, Zachariae U. Structural Mechanisms of Voltage Sensing in G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Structure 2016; 24:997-1007. [PMID: 27210286 PMCID: PMC4906246 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form the largest superfamily of membrane proteins and one-third of all drug targets in humans. A number of recent studies have reported evidence for substantial voltage regulation of GPCRs. However, the structural basis of GPCR voltage sensing has remained enigmatic. Here, we present atomistic simulations on the δ-opioid and M2 muscarinic receptors, which suggest a structural and mechanistic explanation for the observed voltage-induced functional effects. The simulations reveal that the position of an internal Na(+) ion, recently detected to bind to a highly conserved aqueous pocket in receptor crystal structures, strongly responds to voltage changes. The movements give rise to gating charges in excellent agreement with previous experimental recordings. Furthermore, free energy calculations show that these rearrangements of Na(+) can be induced by physiological membrane voltages. Due to its role in receptor function and signal bias, the repositioning of Na(+) has important general implications for signal transduction in GPCRs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Humans
- Ion Channel Gating
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/chemistry
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Sodium/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen N Vickery
- Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK; Physics, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4NH, UK
| | - Jan-Philipp Machtens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems, Zelluläre Biophysik (ICS-4), Leo-Brandt-Strasse, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Giulia Tamburrino
- Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK; Physics, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4NH, UK
| | - Daniel Seeliger
- Lead Identification and Optimization Support, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ulrich Zachariae
- Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK; Physics, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4NH, UK.
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320
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Dennis AM, Delehanty JB, Medintz IL. Emerging Physicochemical Phenomena along with New Opportunities at the Biomolecular-Nanoparticle Interface. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2139-50. [PMID: 27219278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to create new nanoparticle-biomolecule hybrids for diverse applications including biosensing, theranostics, drug delivery, and even biocomputation continue to grow at an unprecedented rate. As the composite designs become more sophisticated, new and unanticipated physicochemical phenomena are emerging at the nanomaterial-biological interface. These phenomena arise from two interrelated factors, namely, the novel architecture of nanoparticle bioconjugates and the unique physicochemical properties of their interfacial environment. Here we examine how the augmented functionality imparted by such hybrid structures, including accessing concentric energy transfer, enhanced enzymatic activity, and sensitivity to electric fields, is leading to new applications. We discuss some lesser-understood phenomena that arise at the nanoparticle interface, such as the complex and confounding issue of protein corona formation, along with their unexpected benefits. Overall, understanding these complex phenomena will improve the design of composite materials while uncovering new opportunities for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dennis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University , 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - James B Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue, Southwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue, Southwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
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321
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Fong CW. Platinum anti-cancer drugs: Free radical mechanism of Pt-DNA adduct formation and anti-neoplastic effect. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 95:216-29. [PMID: 27012421 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The literature on the anti-neoplastic effects of Pt drugs provides substantial evidence that free radical may be involved in the formation of Pt-DNA adducts and other cytotoxic effects. The conditions specific to cancerous tumours are more conducive to free radical mechanisms than the commonly accepted hydrolysis nucleophilic-electrophilic mechanism of Pt-DNA adduct formation. Molecular orbital studies of the adiabatic attachment of hydrated electrons to Pt drugs reveal that there is a significant lengthening of the Pt-X bond (where X is Cl, O in cisplatin, carboplatin and some pyrophosphate-Pt drugs but not oxaliplatin) in the anion radical species. This observation is consistent with a dissociative electron transfer (DET) mechanism for the formation of Pt-DNA adducts. A DET reaction mechanism is proposed for the reaction of Pt drugs with guanine which involves a quasi-inner sphere 2 electron transfer process involving a transient intermediate 5 co-ordinated activated anion radical species {R2Pt---Cl(G)(Cl)•}*(-) (where R is an ammine group, and G is guanine) and the complex has an elongated Pt---Cl (or Pt---O) bond. A DET mechanism is also proposed when Pt drugs are activated by reaction with free radicals such as HO•, CO3•(-), O2•(-) but do not react with DNA bases to form adducts, but form Pt-protein adducts with proteins such ezrin, FAS, DR5, TNFR1 etc. The DET mechanism may not occur with oxaliplatin.
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322
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Durant F, Lobo D, Hammelman J, Levin M. Physiological controls of large-scale patterning in planarian regeneration: a molecular and computational perspective on growth and form. REGENERATION (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2016; 3:78-102. [PMID: 27499881 PMCID: PMC4895326 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Planaria are complex metazoans that repair damage to their bodies and cease remodeling when a correct anatomy has been achieved. This model system offers a unique opportunity to understand how large-scale anatomical homeostasis emerges from the activities of individual cells. Much progress has been made on the molecular genetics of stem cell activity in planaria. However, recent data also indicate that the global pattern is regulated by physiological circuits composed of ionic and neurotransmitter signaling. Here, we overview the multi-scale problem of understanding pattern regulation in planaria, with specific focus on bioelectric signaling via ion channels and gap junctions (electrical synapses), and computational efforts to extract explanatory models from functional and molecular data on regeneration. We present a perspective that interprets results in this fascinating field using concepts from dynamical systems theory and computational neuroscience. Serving as a tractable nexus between genetic, physiological, and computational approaches to pattern regulation, planarian pattern homeostasis harbors many deep insights for regenerative medicine, evolutionary biology, and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallon Durant
- Department of Biology, Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental BiologyTufts UniversityMA02155USA
| | - Daniel Lobo
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of MarylandBaltimore County, 1000 Hilltop CircleBaltimoreMD21250USA
| | - Jennifer Hammelman
- Department of Biology, Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental BiologyTufts UniversityMA02155USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Department of Biology, Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental BiologyTufts UniversityMA02155USA
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323
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Fernández-Valle Á, Rodrigo JP, García-Pedrero JM, Rodríguez-Santamarta T, Allonca E, Lequerica-Fernández P, de Vicente JC. Expression of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.4 in oral leucoplakias and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Histopathology 2016; 69:91-8. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Valle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA); Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA); Oviedo Asturias Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA); University of Oviedo; Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA); University of Oviedo; Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | - Tania Rodríguez-Santamarta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA); Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | - Eva Allonca
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA); University of Oviedo; Oviedo Asturias Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos de Vicente
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA); Oviedo Asturias Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA); University of Oviedo; Oviedo Asturias Spain
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324
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Rodzinski A, Guduru R, Liang P, Hadjikhani A, Stewart T, Stimphil E, Runowicz C, Cote R, Altman N, Datar R, Khizroev S. Targeted and controlled anticancer drug delivery and release with magnetoelectric nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20867. [PMID: 26875783 PMCID: PMC4753509 DOI: 10.1038/srep20867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a challenge to eradicate tumor cells while sparing normal cells. We used magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENs) to control drug delivery and release. The physics is due to electric-field interactions (i) between MENs and a drug and (ii) between drug-loaded MENs and cells. MENs distinguish cancer cells from normal cells through the membrane's electric properties; cancer cells have a significantly smaller threshold field to induce electroporation. In vitro and in vivo studies (nude mice with SKOV-3 xenografts) showed that (i) drug (paclitaxel (PTX)) could be attached to MENs (30-nm CoFe2O4@BaTiO3 nanostructures) through surface functionalization to avoid its premature release, (ii) drug-loaded MENs could be delivered into cancer cells via application of a d.c. field (~100 Oe), and (iii) the drug could be released off MENs on demand via application of an a.c. field (~50 Oe, 100 Hz). The cell lysate content was measured with scanning probe microscopy and spectrophotometry. MENs and control ferromagnetic and polymer nanoparticles conjugated with HER2-neu antibodies, all loaded with PTX were weekly administrated intravenously. Only the mice treated with PTX-loaded MENs (15/200 μg) in a field for three months were completely cured, as confirmed through infrared imaging and post-euthanasia histology studies via energy-dispersive spectroscopy and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Rodzinski
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USAFlorida 33199, USA
| | - Rakesh Guduru
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USAFlorida 33199, USA
| | - Ping Liang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Cellular Nanomed Inc., Weston, FL 33331, USA
| | - Ali Hadjikhani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Tiffanie Stewart
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USAFlorida 33199, USA
| | - Emmanuel Stimphil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Carolyn Runowicz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Richard Cote
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Norman Altman
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ram Datar
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Sakhrat Khizroev
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USAFlorida 33199, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
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325
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Cervera J, Alcaraz A, Mafe S. Bioelectrical Signals and Ion Channels in the Modeling of Multicellular Patterns and Cancer Biophysics. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20403. [PMID: 26841954 PMCID: PMC4740742 DOI: 10.1038/srep20403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioelectrical signals and ion channels are central to spatial patterns in cell ensembles, a problem of fundamental interest in positional information and cancer processes. We propose a model for electrically connected cells based on simple biological concepts: i) the membrane potential of a single cell characterizes its electrical state; ii) the long-range electrical coupling of the multicellular ensemble is realized by a network of gap junction channels between neighboring cells; and iii) the spatial distribution of an external biochemical agent can modify the conductances of the ion channels in a cell membrane and the multicellular electrical state. We focus on electrical effects in small multicellular ensembles, ignoring slow diffusional processes. The spatio-temporal patterns obtained for the local map of cell electric potentials illustrate the normalization of regions with abnormal cell electrical states. The effects of intercellular coupling and blocking of specific channels on the electrical patterns are described. These patterns can regulate the electrically-induced redistribution of charged nanoparticles over small regions of a model tissue. The inclusion of bioelectrical signals provides new insights for the modeling of cancer biophysics because collective multicellular states show electrical coupling mechanisms that are not readily deduced from biochemical descriptions at the individual cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervera
- Dept. de Termodinàmica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Antonio Alcaraz
- Dept. de Física, Laboratori de Biofísica Molecular, Universitat “Jaume I”, E-12080 Castelló, Spain
| | - Salvador Mafe
- Dept. de Termodinàmica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
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326
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Sun H, Luo L, Lal B, Ma X, Chen L, Hann CL, Fulton AM, Leahy DJ, Laterra J, Li M. A monoclonal antibody against KCNK9 K(+) channel extracellular domain inhibits tumour growth and metastasis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10339. [PMID: 26842342 PMCID: PMC4742836 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels act to maintain cell resting membrane potential--a prerequisite for many biological processes. KCNK9, a member of K2P family, is implicated in cancer, owing to its overexpression in human tumours and its ability to promote neoplastic cell survival and growth. However, KCNK9's underlying contributions to malignancy remain elusive due to the absence of specific modulators. Here we describe the development of monoclonal antibodies against the KCNK9 extracellular domain and their functional effects. We show that one antibody (Y4) with the highest affinity binding induces channel internalization. The addition of Y4 to KCNK9-expressing carcinoma cells reduces cell viability and increases cell death. Systemic administration of Y4 effectively inhibits growth of human lung cancer xenografts and murine breast cancer metastasis in mice. Evidence for Y4-mediated carcinoma cell autonomous and immune-dependent cytotoxicity is presented. Our study reveals that antibody-based KCNK9 targeting is a promising therapeutic strategy in KCNK9-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Liqun Luo
- Immunotherapy Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Bachchu Lal
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Xinrong Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Christine L Hann
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Amy M Fulton
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.,Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Daniel J Leahy
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - John Laterra
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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327
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Lucia U, Ponzetto A, Deisboeck TS. Constructal approach to cell membranes transport: Amending the 'Norton-Simon' hypothesis for cancer treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19451. [PMID: 26822208 PMCID: PMC4731791 DOI: 10.1038/srep19451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate biosystems, we propose a new thermodynamic concept that analyses ion, mass and energy flows across the cell membrane. This paradigm-shifting approach has a wide applicability to medically relevant topics including advancing cancer treatment. To support this claim, we revisit ‘Norton-Simon’ and evolving it from an already important anti-cancer hypothesis to a thermodynamic theorem in medicine. We confirm that an increase in proliferation and a reduction in apoptosis trigger a maximum of ATP consumption by the tumor cell. Moreover, we find that positive, membrane-crossing ions lead to a decrease in the energy used by the tumor, supporting the notion of their growth inhibitory effect while negative ions apparently increase the cancer’s consumption of energy hence reflecting a growth promoting impact. Our results not only represent a thermodynamic proof of the original Norton-Simon hypothesis but, more concretely, they also advance the clinically intriguing and experimentally testable, diagnostic hypothesis that observing an increase in negative ions inside a cell in vitro, and inside a diseased tissue in vivo, may indicate growth or recurrence of a tumor. We conclude with providing theoretical evidence that applying electromagnetic field therapy early on in the treatment cycle may maximize its anti-cancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Lucia
- Dipartimento Energia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Ponzetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas S Deisboeck
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.,ThinkMotu LLC, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
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328
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Abstract
Chondrocytes, the single cell type in adult articular cartilage, have conventionally been considered to be non-excitable cells. However, recent evidence suggests that their resting membrane potential (RMP) is less negative than that of excitable cells, and they are fully equipped with channels that control ion, water and osmolyte movement across the chondrocyte membrane. Amongst calcium-specific ion channels, members of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) family are expressed in chondrocytes where they are functionally active. L-type VDCC inhibitors such as nifedipine and verapamil have contributed to our understanding of the roles of these ion channels in chondrogenesis, chondrocyte signalling and mechanotransduction. In this narrative review, we discuss published data indicating that VDCC function is vital for chondrocyte health, especially in regulating proliferation and maturation. We also highlight the fact that activation of VDCC function appears to accompany various inflammatory aspects of osteoarthritis (OA) and, based on in vitro data, the application of nifedipine and/or verapamil may be a promising approach for ameliorating OA severity. However, very few studies on clinical outcomes are available regarding the influence of calcium antagonists, which are used primarily for treating cardiovascular conditions in OA patients. This review is intended to stimulate further research on the chondrocyte 'channelome', contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and facilitate the retargeting and repositioning of existing pharmacological agents currently used for other comorbidities for the treatment of OA.
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329
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Lakomá J, Donadio V, Liguori R, Caprini M. Characterization of Human Dermal Fibroblasts in Fabry Disease. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:192-203. [PMID: 26058984 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is a hereditary X-linked metabolic lysosomal storage disorder due to insufficient amounts or a complete lack of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A (α-GalA). The loss of α-GalA activity leads to an abnormal accumulation of globotriaosylcerami (Gb3) in lysosomes and other cellular components of different tissues and cell types, affecting the cell function. However, whether these biochemical alterations also modify functional processes associated to the cell mitotic ability is still unknown. The goal of the present study was to characterize lineages of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) of FD patients and healthy controls focusing on Gb3 accumulation, expression of chloride channels that regulate proliferation, and proliferative activity. The biochemical and functional analyses indicate the existence of quantitative differences in some but not all the parameters of cytoskeletal organization, proliferation, and differentiation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Lakomá
- Laboratory of Human General Physiology, Department of Pharmacy Biotechnology FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Donadio
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Caprini
- Laboratory of Human General Physiology, Department of Pharmacy Biotechnology FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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330
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Gabernet G, Müller AT, Hiss JA, Schneider G. Membranolytic anticancer peptides. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the structure–activity relationships and mechanisms of action of membranolytic anticancer peptides could help them advance to therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Gabernet
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - A. T. Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - J. A. Hiss
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - G. Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
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331
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Soto-Cerrato V, Manuel-Manresa P, Hernando E, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Martínez-Romero A, Fernández-Dueñas V, Sahlholm K, Knöpfel T, García-Valverde M, Rodilla AM, Jantus-Lewintre E, Farràs R, Ciruela F, Pérez-Tomás R, Quesada R. Facilitated Anion Transport Induces Hyperpolarization of the Cell Membrane That Triggers Differentiation and Cell Death in Cancer Stem Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15892-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Soto-Cerrato
- Cancer
Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Manuel-Manresa
- Cancer
Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Hernando
- Departmento
de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Fundación de Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- Department
of Pathology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat
de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental,
Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kristoffer Sahlholm
- Unitat
de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental,
Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Division
of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ananda M. Rodilla
- Cancer
Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre
- Fundación de Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- Department
of Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia,Spain
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat
de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental,
Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ghent, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Cancer
Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Departmento
de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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332
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Pai VP, Martyniuk CJ, Echeverri K, Sundelacruz S, Kaplan DL, Levin M. Genome-wide analysis reveals conserved transcriptional responses downstream of resting potential change in Xenopus embryos, axolotl regeneration, and human mesenchymal cell differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 3:3-25. [PMID: 27499876 PMCID: PMC4857752 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous bioelectric signaling via changes in cellular resting potential (Vmem) is a key regulator of patterning during regeneration and embryogenesis in numerous model systems. Depolarization of Vmem has been functionally implicated in dedifferentiation, tumorigenesis, anatomical re‐specification, and appendage regeneration. However, no unbiased analyses have been performed to understand genome‐wide transcriptional responses to Vmem change in vivo. Moreover, it is unknown which genes or gene networks represent conserved targets of bioelectrical signaling across different patterning contexts and species. Here, we use microarray analysis to comparatively analyze transcriptional responses to Vmem depolarization. We compare the response of the transcriptome during embryogenesis (Xenopus development), regeneration (axolotl regeneration), and stem cell differentiation (human mesenchymal stem cells in culture) to identify common networks across model species that are associated with depolarization. Both subnetwork enrichment and PANTHER analyses identified a number of key genetic modules as targets of Vmem change, and also revealed important (well‐conserved) commonalities in bioelectric signal transduction, despite highly diverse experimental contexts and species. Depolarization regulates specific transcriptional networks across all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) such as cell differentiation and apoptosis, and this information will be used for developing mechanistic models of bioelectric regulation of patterning. Moreover, our analysis reveals that Vmem change regulates transcripts related to important disease pathways such as cancer and neurodegeneration, which may represent novel targets for emerging electroceutical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav P Pai
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Department of Physiological Sciences UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611 USA
| | - Karen Echeverri
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Sarah Sundelacruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
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333
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Ryland KE, Hawkins AG, Weisenberger DJ, Punj V, Borinstein SC, Laird PW, Martens JR, Lawlor ER. Promoter Methylation Analysis Reveals That KCNA5 Ion Channel Silencing Supports Ewing Sarcoma Cell Proliferation. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 14:26-34. [PMID: 26573141 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Polycomb proteins are essential regulators of gene expression in stem cells and development. They function to reversibly repress gene transcription via posttranslational modification of histones and chromatin compaction. In many human cancers, genes that are repressed by polycomb in stem cells are subject to more stable silencing via DNA methylation of promoter CpG islands. Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive bone and soft-tissue tumor that is characterized by overexpression of polycomb proteins. This study investigates the DNA methylation status of polycomb target gene promoters in Ewing sarcoma tumors and cell lines and observes that the promoters of differentiation genes are frequent targets of CpG-island DNA methylation. In addition, the promoters of ion channel genes are highly differentially methylated in Ewing sarcoma compared with nonmalignant adult tissues. Ion channels regulate a variety of biologic processes, including proliferation, and dysfunction of these channels contributes to tumor pathogenesis. In particular, reduced expression of the voltage-gated Kv1.5 channel has been implicated in tumor progression. These data show that DNA methylation of the KCNA5 promoter contributes to stable epigenetic silencing of the Kv1.5 channel. This epigenetic repression is reversed by exposure to the DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine, which inhibits Ewing sarcoma cell proliferation through mechanisms that include restoration of the Kv1.5 channel function. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates that promoters of ion channels are aberrantly methylated in Ewing sarcoma and that epigenetic silencing of KCNA5 contributes to tumor cell proliferation, thus providing further evidence of the importance of ion channel dysregulation to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Ryland
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Translational Oncology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Allegra G Hawkins
- Translational Oncology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vasu Punj
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Peter W Laird
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey R Martens
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Elizabeth R Lawlor
- Translational Oncology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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334
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Pezzulo G, Levin M. Re-membering the body: applications of computational neuroscience to the top-down control of regeneration of limbs and other complex organs. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:1487-517. [PMID: 26571046 DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A major goal of regenerative medicine and bioengineering is the regeneration of complex organs, such as limbs, and the capability to create artificial constructs (so-called biobots) with defined morphologies and robust self-repair capabilities. Developmental biology presents remarkable examples of systems that self-assemble and regenerate complex structures toward their correct shape despite significant perturbations. A fundamental challenge is to translate progress in molecular genetics into control of large-scale organismal anatomy, and the field is still searching for an appropriate theoretical paradigm for facilitating control of pattern homeostasis. However, computational neuroscience provides many examples in which cell networks - brains - store memories (e.g., of geometric configurations, rules, and patterns) and coordinate their activity towards proximal and distant goals. In this Perspective, we propose that programming large-scale morphogenesis requires exploiting the information processing by which cellular structures work toward specific shapes. In non-neural cells, as in the brain, bioelectric signaling implements information processing, decision-making, and memory in regulating pattern and its remodeling. Thus, approaches used in computational neuroscience to understand goal-seeking neural systems offer a toolbox of techniques to model and control regenerative pattern formation. Here, we review recent data on developmental bioelectricity as a regulator of patterning, and propose that target morphology could be encoded within tissues as a kind of memory, using the same molecular mechanisms and algorithms so successfully exploited by the brain. We highlight the next steps of an unconventional research program, which may allow top-down control of growth and form for numerous applications in regenerative medicine and synthetic bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pezzulo
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
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335
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Hammerschlag R, Levin M, McCraty R, Bat N, Ives JA, Lutgendorf SK, Oschman JL. Biofield Physiology: A Framework for an Emerging Discipline. Glob Adv Health Med 2015; 4:35-41. [PMID: 26665040 PMCID: PMC4654783 DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2015.015.suppl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofield physiology is proposed as an overarching descriptor for the electromagnetic, biophotonic, and other types of spatially-distributed fields that living systems generate and respond to as integral aspects of cellular, tissue, and whole organism self-regulation and organization. Medical physiology, cell biology, and biophysics provide the framework within which evidence for biofields, their proposed receptors, and functions is presented. As such, biofields can be viewed as affecting physiological regulatory systems in a manner that complements the more familiar molecular-based mechanisms. Examples of clinically relevant biofields are the electrical and magnetic fields generated by arrays of heart cells and neurons that are detected, respectively, as electrocardiograms (ECGs) or magnetocardiograms (MCGs) and electroencephalograms (EEGs) or magnetoencephalograms (MEGs). At a basic physiology level, electromagnetic activity of neural assemblies appears to modulate neuronal synchronization and circadian rhythmicity. Numerous nonneural electrical fields have been detected and analyzed, including those arising from patterns of resting membrane potentials that guide development and regeneration, and from slowly-varying transepithelial direct current fields that initiate cellular responses to tissue damage. Another biofield phenomenon is the coherent, ultraweak photon emissions (UPE), detected from cell cultures and from the body surface. A physiological role for biophotons is consistent with observations that fluctuations in UPE correlate with cerebral blood flow, cerebral energy metabolism, and EEG activity. Biofield receptors are reviewed in 3 categories: molecular-level receptors, charge flux sites, and endogenously generated electric or electromagnetic fields. In summary, sufficient evidence has accrued to consider biofield physiology as a viable scientific discipline. Directions for future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hammerschlag
- The Institute for Integrative Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Consciousness and Healing Initiative, San Diego, California; Oregon College of Oriental Medicine, Portland (Dr Hammerschlag)
| | - Michael Levin
- Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (Dr Levin)
| | - Rollin McCraty
- Institute of HeartMath, Boulder Creek, California (Dr McCraty)
| | - Namuun Bat
- The Center for Brain, Mind, and Healing, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Bat)
| | - John A Ives
- The Center for Brain, Mind, and Healing, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia (Dr Ives)
| | - Susan K Lutgendorf
- Departments of Psychology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City (Dr Lutgendorf)
| | - James L Oschman
- Nature's Own Research Association, Dover, New Hampshire (Dr Oschman)
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336
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Lobikin M, Lobo D, Blackiston DJ, Martyniuk CJ, Tkachenko E, Levin M. Serotonergic regulation of melanocyte conversion: A bioelectrically regulated network for stochastic all-or-none hyperpigmentation. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra99. [PMID: 26443706 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aac6609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally induced depolarization of resting membrane potential in "instructor cells" in Xenopus laevis embryos causes hyperpigmentation in an all-or-none fashion in some tadpoles due to excess proliferation and migration of melanocytes. We showed that this stochastic process involved serotonin signaling, adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), and the transcription factors cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), Sox10, and Slug. Transcriptional microarray analysis of embryos taken at stage 15 (early neurula) and stage 45 (free-swimming tadpole) revealed changes in the abundance of 45 and 517 transcripts, respectively, between control embryos and embryos exposed to the instructor cell-depolarizing agent ivermectin. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the human homologs of some of the differentially regulated genes were associated with cancer, consistent with the induced arborization and invasive behavior of converted melanocytes. We identified a physiological circuit that uses serotonergic signaling between instructor cells, melanotrope cells of the pituitary, and melanocytes to control the proliferation, cell shape, and migration properties of the pigment cell pool. To understand the stochasticity and properties of this multiscale signaling system, we applied a computational machine-learning method that iteratively explored network models to reverse-engineer a stochastic dynamic model that recapitulated the frequency of the all-or-none hyperpigmentation phenotype produced in response to various pharmacological and molecular genetic manipulations. This computational approach may provide insight into stochastic cellular decision-making that occurs during normal development and pathological conditions, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lobikin
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Daniel Lobo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Douglas J Blackiston
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Department of Physiological Sciences, UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tkachenko
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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337
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338
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Galán-Cobo A, Ramírez-Lorca R, Toledo-Aral JJ, Echevarría M. Aquaporin-1 plays important role in proliferation by affecting cell cycle progression. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:243-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Galán-Cobo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS); Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla (Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica); Seville Spain
| | - Reposo Ramírez-Lorca
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS); Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla (Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica); Seville Spain
| | - Juan José Toledo-Aral
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS); Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla (Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica); Seville Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Miriam Echevarría
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS); Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla (Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica); Seville Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Madrid Spain
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339
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Effects of BKCa and Kir2.1 Channels on Cell Cycling Progression and Migration in Human Cardiac c-kit+ Progenitor Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138581. [PMID: 26390131 PMCID: PMC4577111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that a large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ current (BKCa), a voltage-gated TTX-sensitive sodium current (INa.TTX), and an inward rectifier K+ current (IKir) were heterogeneously present in most of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of these ion channels on cell cycling progression and migration of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells with approaches of cell proliferation and mobility assays, siRNA, RT-PCR, Western blots, flow cytometry analysis, etc. It was found that inhibition of BKCa with paxilline, but not INa.TTX with tetrodotoxin, decreased both cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition of IKir with Ba2+ had no effect on cell proliferation, while enhanced cell mobility. Silencing KCa.1.1 reduced cell proliferation by accumulating the cells at G0/G1 phase and decreased cell mobility. Interestingly, silencing Kir2.1 increased the cell migration without affecting cell cycling progression. These results demonstrate the novel information that blockade or silence of BKCa channels, but not INa.TTX channels, decreases cell cycling progression and mobility, whereas inhibition of Kir2.1 channels increases cell mobility without affecting cell cycling progression in human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells.
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340
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Hermann A, Sitdikova GF, Weiger TM. Oxidative Stress and Maxi Calcium-Activated Potassium (BK) Channels. Biomolecules 2015; 5:1870-911. [PMID: 26287261 PMCID: PMC4598779 DOI: 10.3390/biom5031870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
All cells contain ion channels in their outer (plasma) and inner (organelle) membranes. Ion channels, similar to other proteins, are targets of oxidative impact, which modulates ion fluxes across membranes. Subsequently, these ion currents affect electrical excitability, such as action potential discharge (in neurons, muscle, and receptor cells), alteration of the membrane resting potential, synaptic transmission, hormone secretion, muscle contraction or coordination of the cell cycle. In this chapter we summarize effects of oxidative stress and redox mechanisms on some ion channels, in particular on maxi calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels which play an outstanding role in a plethora of physiological and pathophysiological functions in almost all cells and tissues. We first elaborate on some general features of ion channel structure and function and then summarize effects of oxidative alterations of ion channels and their functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Hermann
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
| | - Guzel F Sitdikova
- Department of Physiology of Man and Animals, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia.
| | - Thomas M Weiger
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
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341
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Roger S, Gillet L, Le Guennec JY, Besson P. Voltage-gated sodium channels and cancer: is excitability their primary role? Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:152. [PMID: 26283962 PMCID: PMC4518325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) are molecular characteristics of excitable cells. Their activation, triggered by membrane depolarization, generates transient sodium currents that initiate action potentials in neurons and muscle cells. Sodium currents were discovered by Hodgkin and Huxley using the voltage clamp technique and reported in their landmark series of papers in 1952. It was only in the 1980's that sodium channel proteins from excitable membranes were molecularly characterized by Catterall and his collaborators. Non-excitable cells can also express NaV channels in physiological conditions as well as in pathological conditions. These NaV channels can sustain biological roles that are not related to the generation of action potentials. Interestingly, it is likely that the abnormal expression of NaV in pathological tissues can reflect the re-expression of a fetal phenotype. This is especially true in epithelial cancer cells for which these channels have been identified and sodium currents recorded, while it was not the case for cells from the cognate normal tissues. In cancers, the functional activity of NaV appeared to be involved in regulating the proliferative, migrative, and invasive properties of cells. This review is aimed at addressing the non-excitable roles of NaV channels with a specific emphasis in the regulation of cancer cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Roger
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours Tours, France ; Département de Physiologie Animale, UFR Sciences and Techniques, Université François-Rabelais de Tours Tours, France
| | - Ludovic Gillet
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Besson
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours Tours, France
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342
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Levin M. Molecular bioelectricity: how endogenous voltage potentials control cell behavior and instruct pattern regulation in vivo. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 25:3835-50. [PMID: 25425556 PMCID: PMC4244194 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-12-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to biochemical gradients and transcriptional networks, cell behavior is regulated by endogenous bioelectrical cues originating in the activity of ion channels and pumps, operating in a wide variety of cell types. Instructive signals mediated by changes in resting potential control proliferation, differentiation, cell shape, and apoptosis of stem, progenitor, and somatic cells. Of importance, however, cells are regulated not only by their own Vmem but also by the Vmem of their neighbors, forming networks via electrical synapses known as gap junctions. Spatiotemporal changes in Vmem distribution among nonneural somatic tissues regulate pattern formation and serve as signals that trigger limb regeneration, induce eye formation, set polarity of whole-body anatomical axes, and orchestrate craniofacial patterning. New tools for tracking and functionally altering Vmem gradients in vivo have identified novel roles for bioelectrical signaling and revealed the molecular pathways by which Vmem changes are transduced into cascades of downstream gene expression. Because channels and gap junctions are gated posttranslationally, bioelectrical networks have their own characteristic dynamics that do not reduce to molecular profiling of channel expression (although they couple functionally to transcriptional networks). The recent data provide an exciting opportunity to crack the bioelectric code, and learn to program cellular activity at the level of organs, not only cell types. The understanding of how patterning information is encoded in bioelectrical networks, which may require concepts from computational neuroscience, will have transformative implications for embryogenesis, regeneration, cancer, and synthetic bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Levin
- Biology Department, Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155-4243
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343
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Voltage-gated Na+ Channel Activity Increases Colon Cancer Transcriptional Activity and Invasion Via Persistent MAPK Signaling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11541. [PMID: 26096612 PMCID: PMC4476109 DOI: 10.1038/srep11541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional expression of voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) has been demonstrated in multiple cancer cell types where channel activity induces invasive activity. The signaling mechanisms by which VGSCs promote oncogenesis remain poorly understood. We explored the signal transduction process critical to VGSC-mediated invasion on the basis of reports linking channel activity to gene expression changes in excitable cells. Coincidentally, many genes transcriptionally regulated by the SCN5A isoform in colon cancer have an over-representation of cis-acting sites for transcription factors phosphorylated by ERK1/2 MAPK. We hypothesized that VGSC activity promotes MAPK activation to induce transcriptional changes in invasion-related genes. Using pharmacological inhibitors/activators and siRNA-mediated gene knockdowns, we correlated channel activity with Rap1-dependent persistent MAPK activation in the SW620 human colon cancer cell line. We further demonstrated that VGSC activity induces downstream changes in invasion-related gene expression via a PKA/ERK/c-JUN/ELK-1/ETS-1 transcriptional pathway. This is the first study illustrating a molecular mechanism linking functional activity of VGSCs to transcriptional activation of invasion-related genes.
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344
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Rao VR, Perez-Neut M, Kaja S, Gentile S. Voltage-gated ion channels in cancer cell proliferation. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:849-75. [PMID: 26010603 PMCID: PMC4491688 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7020813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes of the electrical charges across the surface cell membrane are absolutely necessary to maintain cellular homeostasis in physiological as well as in pathological conditions. The opening of ion channels alter the charge distribution across the surface membrane as they allow the diffusion of ions such as K+, Ca++, Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya R Rao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago 2160 S. 1s tAve, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
| | - Mathew Perez-Neut
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago 2160 S. 1s tAve, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
| | - Simon Kaja
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
| | - Saverio Gentile
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago 2160 S. 1s tAve, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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345
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Besson P, Driffort V, Bon É, Gradek F, Chevalier S, Roger S. How do voltage-gated sodium channels enhance migration and invasiveness in cancer cells? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2493-501. [PMID: 25922224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels are abnormally expressed in tumors, often as neonatal isoforms, while they are not expressed, or only at a low level, in the matching normal tissue. The level of their expression and their activity is related to the aggressiveness of the disease and to the formation of metastases. A vast knowledge on the regulation of their expression and functioning has been accumulated in normal excitable cells. This helped understand their regulation in cancer cells. However, how voltage-gated sodium channels impose a pro-metastatic behavior to cancer cells is much less documented. This aspect will be addressed in the review. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Besson
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France; Faculté de Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France.
| | - Virginie Driffort
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
| | - Émeline Bon
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Gradek
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
| | - Stéphan Chevalier
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France; Faculté de Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Inserm UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
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346
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Erdem M, Tekiner TA, Fejzullahu A, Akan G, Anak S, Saribeyoglu ET, Ozbek U, Atalar F. herg1b expression as a potential specific marker in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients with HERG 897K/K genotype. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 32:182-92. [PMID: 25247487 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2014.949941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Human ether-a-go-go related gene (herg) encoding HERG K(+) channel has been demonstrated in many previous studies with its association to cell cycle progression and growth in tumor cells. The upregulated expression of HERG K+ channels was determined in different tumor types. Furthermore, not only full-length transcript herg1 but also a truncated isoform herg1b was shown to be expressed in cancer cells. In this study, the expression levels of herg1 and herg1b and the impact of K897T mutation on their expressions were investigated in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML). Expression levels of herg1 and herg1b isoforms were analyzed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in pAML patients together with healthy donors, and their expressions were confirmed by western blotting. The 2690 A>C nucleotide variation in KCNH2 gene corresponding to K897T amino acid change was analyzed by PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion. herg1b overexpression was observed in tumor cells compared to healthy controls (P = .0024). However, herg1 expression was higher in healthy control cells than tumor cells (P = .001). The prevalence of polymorphic allele 897T was 26% in our patient group and 897T carriers showed increased herg1b expression compared to wild-type allele carriers. Our results demonstrate the presence of the increased levels of herg1b expression in pAML. In addition, we report for the first time that, pAML subgroup with HERG 897K/K genotype compared to 897K/T and T/T genotypes express increased levels of herg1b. In conclusion, HERG 897K/K genotype with increased level of herg1b expression might well be a prognostic marker for pAML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erdem
- Department of Growth-Development and Pediatric Endocrinology, Child Health Institute, Istanbul University , Capa, Istanbul , Turkey
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347
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Barghouth PG, Thiruvalluvan M, Oviedo NJ. Bioelectrical regulation of cell cycle and the planarian model system. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2629-37. [PMID: 25749155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation through the manipulation of endogenous membrane potentials offers tremendous opportunities to control cellular processes during tissue repair and cancer formation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which biophysical signals modulate the cell cycle remain underappreciated and poorly understood. Cells in complex organisms generate and maintain a constant voltage gradient across the plasma membrane known as the transmembrane potential. This potential, generated through the combined efforts of various ion transporters, pumps and channels, is known to drive a wide range of cellular processes such as cellular proliferation, migration and tissue regeneration while its deregulation can lead to tumorigenesis. These cellular regulatory events, coordinated by ionic flow, correspond to a new and exciting field termed molecular bioelectricity. We aim to present a brief discussion on the biophysical machinery involving membrane potential and the mechanisms mediating cell cycle progression and cancer transformation. Furthermore, we present the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea as a tractable model system for understanding principles behind molecular bioelectricity at both the cellular and organismal level. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Barghouth
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA; Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Manish Thiruvalluvan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA; Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Néstor J Oviedo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA; Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
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348
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Bose T, Cieślar-Pobuda A, Wiechec E. Role of ion channels in regulating Ca²⁺ homeostasis during the interplay between immune and cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1648. [PMID: 25695601 PMCID: PMC4669790 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are abundantly expressed in both excitable and non-excitable cells, thereby regulating the Ca2+ influx and downstream signaling pathways of physiological processes. The immune system is specialized in the process of cancer cell recognition and elimination, and is regulated by different ion channels. In comparison with the immune cells, ion channels behave differently in cancer cells by making the tumor cells more hyperpolarized and influence cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, ion channels comprise an important therapeutic target in anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the implication of ion channels in regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis during the crosstalk between immune and cancer cell as well as their role in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bose
- Leibniz-Institute of Neurobiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, D-39 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Cieślar-Pobuda
- 1] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology & Integrative Regenerative Medicine Center (IGEN), Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden [2] Biosystems Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - E Wiechec
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology & Integrative Regenerative Medicine Center (IGEN), Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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349
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Vegara-Meseguer JM, Pérez-Sánchez H, Araujo R, Martín F, Soria B. L-Type Ca(2+) Channels and SK Channels in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells and Their Contribution to Cell Proliferation. J Membr Biol 2015; 248:671-82. [PMID: 25666166 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are capable of both self-renewal and multilineage differentiation; thus, they can be expanded in vivo or in vitro and differentiated to produce different cell types. Despite their biological and medical interest, many physiological properties of undifferentiated mESCs, such as ion channel function, are not fully understood. Ion channels are thought to be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of this study was to characterize functional ion channels in cultured undifferentiated mESCs and their role in cell proliferation. L-type voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels sensitive to nifedipine and small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels sensitive to apamin were identified. Ca(2+)-activated K(+) currents were blocked by millimolar concentrations of tetraethylammonium. The effects of Ca(2+) channel and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel blockers on the proliferation of undifferentiated mESCs were investigated by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Dihydropyridine derivatives, such as nifedipine, inhibited cell growth and BrdU incorporation into the cells, whereas apamin, which selectively blocks SK channels, had no effect on cell growth. These results demonstrate that functional voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels are present in undifferentiated mESCs. Moreover, voltage-gated L-type Ca(2+) channels, but not SK channels, might be necessary for proliferation of undifferentiated mESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina M Vegara-Meseguer
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de Los Jerónimos, 30107, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain,
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350
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Cervera J, Manzanares JA, Mafe S. Electrical coupling in ensembles of nonexcitable cells: modeling the spatial map of single cell potentials. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:2968-78. [PMID: 25622192 DOI: 10.1021/jp512900x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the coupling of model nonexcitable (non-neural) cells assuming that the cell membrane potential is the basic individual property. We obtain this potential on the basis of the inward and outward rectifying voltage-gated channels characteristic of cell membranes. We concentrate on the electrical coupling of a cell ensemble rather than on the biochemical and mechanical characteristics of the individual cells, obtain the map of single cell potentials using simple assumptions, and suggest procedures to collectively modify this spatial map. The response of the cell ensemble to an external perturbation and the consequences of cell isolation, heterogeneity, and ensemble size are also analyzed. The results suggest that simple coupling mechanisms can be significant for the biophysical chemistry of model biomolecular ensembles. In particular, the spatiotemporal map of single cell potentials should be relevant for the uptake and distribution of charged nanoparticles over model cell ensembles and the collective properties of droplet networks incorporating protein ion channels inserted in lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervera
- Departament de Termodinàmica, Universitat de València , E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
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