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Uchida NS, Silva-Filho SE, Aguiar RP, Wiirzler LAM, Cardia GFE, Cavalcante HAO, Silva-Comar FMDS, Becker TCA, Silva EL, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman RKN. Protective Effect of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil in Experimental Model of Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:515-532. [PMID: 28359199 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Cymbopogon citratus or lemongrass essential oil (LGO), it was used in an animal model of acute liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP). Swiss mice were pretreated with LGO (125, 250 and 500[Formula: see text]mg/kg) and SLM (standard drug, 200[Formula: see text]mg/kg) for a duration of seven days, followed by the induction of hepatotoxicity of APAP (single dose, 250[Formula: see text]mg/kg). The liver function markers alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase were determined to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of the LGO. The livers were used to determine myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and histological analysis. The effect of LGO on leukocyte migration was evaluated in vitro. Anti-oxidant activity was performed by assessing the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in vitro. LGO pretreatment decreased significantly the levels of ALT, AST and ALP compared with APAP group. MPO activity and NO production were decreased. The histopathological analysis showed an improved of hepatic lesions in mice after LGO pretreatment. LGO inhibited neutrophil migration and exhibited anti-oxidant activity. Our results suggest that LGO has protective activity against liver toxicity induced by paracetamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Sayuri Uchida
- * Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho
- * Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pazinatto Aguiar
- * Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Expedito Leite Silva
- ‡ Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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302
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Perillyl alcohol, a pleiotropic natural compound suitable for brain tumor therapy, targets free radicals. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 65:285-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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303
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Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Quercetin, Luteolin, and Apigenin in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Matricaria chamomilla L. Extract by HPLC-UV. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8370584. [PMID: 28373891 PMCID: PMC5360941 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8370584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive HPLC-UV method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in rat plasma after oral administration of Matricaria chamomilla L. extract. The flow rate was set at 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength was kept at 350 nm. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.11–11.36 μg/ml for quercetin, 0.11–11.20 μg/ml for luteolin, and 0.11–10.60 μg/ml for apigenin, respectively. The intraday and interday precisions (RSD) were less than 8.32 and 8.81%, respectively. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of the three compounds were 0.11 μg/ml. The mean recoveries for quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin were 99.11, 95.62, and 95.21%, respectively. Stability studies demonstrated that the three compounds were stable in the preparation and analytical process. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 0.29 ± 0.06, 3.04 ± 0.60, and 0.42 ± 0.10 μg/ml, respectively. The time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was 0.79 ± 0.25, 0.42 ± 0.09, and 0.51 ± 0.13 h, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics study of quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in rat plasma after oral administration of M. chamomilla extract.
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304
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Nyalambisa M, Oyemitan I, Matewu R, Oyedeji O, Oluwafemi O, Songca S, Nkeh-Chungag B, Oyedeji A. Volatile constituents and biological activities of the leaf and root of Echinacea species from South Africa. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:381-386. [PMID: 28344493 PMCID: PMC5357097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinacea is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of various diseases such as cough, respiratory infections, and bronchitis among other uses in Eastern Cape region of South Africa. This study evaluated the volatile components of the essential oil of the plant, its toxicity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in rodents. Dried leaf and root of the plant were separately processed by hydrodistillation for 4 h and their essential oils (EOs) were collected. Extracted oils were subjected to GC/GC-MS analysis. The essential oil was further evaluated for acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The toxicity profile of the essential oil was evaluated in mice through the oral route (p.o.), and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on the carrageenan-induced edema model in rats at the doses of 100-200 mg/kg, while its analgesic effect was evaluated on the acetic acid-induced writhings model in mice at doses of 100-200 mg/kg. GC/GC-MS analysis of EOs showed that a number of compounds identified in the leaf and root oils were 25 and 31 respectively. The chemical compositions of the oils varied and the major compounds identified in the oils include germacrene D, naphthalene, caryophyllene oxide, α-phellandrene and α-cadinol. The essential root oil did not cause mortality at the highest dose of 5000 mg/kg; hence, its LD50 was estimated to be ⩾5000 mg/kg, p.o. The anti-inflammatory test results showed that the essential root oil caused significant (p < 0.05-0.01) reduction in edema size compared to the negative control group on the carrageenan-induced edema and the results for the analgesic test showed that the essential root oil caused significant (p < 0.05) reduction in number of writhings at 1000 mg/kg compared to the negative control group. It is concluded that root and leaf of this Echinacea species contain volatile oils which varied in their yield and chemical compositions. The essential root oil is non-toxic orally and it demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nyalambisa
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - I.A. Oyemitan
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - R. Matewu
- 124 Buchanan Street, Ginsburg, King Williams Town, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - O.O. Oyedeji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - O.S. Oluwafemi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S.P. Songca
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - B.N. Nkeh-Chungag
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - A.O. Oyedeji
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
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305
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Dos Santos AC, Sutili FJ, Heinzmann BM, Cunha MA, Brusque ICM, Baldisserotto B, Zeppenfeld CC. Aloysia triphylla essential oil as additive in silver catfish diet: Blood response and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 62:213-216. [PMID: 28122262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (EOAT) is a promising product with potential use in aquaculture systems. This study evaluated hematological/biochemical responses and survival of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fed a diet containing EOAT and infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. After 21 days of feeding trial, fish were infected with A. hydrophila following a 10-day period of observation. Blood collection was performed before and after the bacterial challenge. Dietary EOAT by itself seems to affect some blood parameters, decreasing total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts and increasing total protein values. However, 2.0 mL EOAT/kg diet showed a possible potential protective effect after A. hydrophila infection, maintaining the evaluated parameters similar to basal values (from healthy fish before the feeding trial) and promoting survival of silver catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro C Dos Santos
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando J Sutili
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Berta M Heinzmann
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro A Cunha
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Isabel C M Brusque
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carla C Zeppenfeld
- Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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306
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Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical biomarkers and cytokines expression in broiler chickens fed different phytogenic levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:114-120. [PMID: 29767099 PMCID: PMC5941105 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of inclusion levels of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA), characterized by menthol anethol and eugenol, on broiler growth performance, nutrient digestibility, biochemical biomarkers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma and meat, as well as on the relative expression of selected cytokines, were studied in a 42-d experiment. A total of 225 one-day-old male Cobb broiler chickens were assigned into 3 treatments, with 5 replicates of 15 chickens each. Chickens were fed maize-soybean meal basal diets following a 3 phase (i.e., starter, grower and finisher) feeding program. Depending on PFA inclusion level, treatments were: no PFA (PFA-0), PFA at 100 mg/kg (PFA-100) and PFA at 150 mg/kg (PFA-150). Feed and water were available ad libitum. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) during finisher phase was improved quadratically (P < 0.05) with increasing PFA level. Overall, increasing PFA level increased body weight gain (BWG) in a linear (P < 0.05) and quadratic (P < 0.05) manner with treatments PFA-100 and PFA-150 being greater (P < 0.05) compared with PFA-0. Total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter increased linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (P < 0.05) with increasing PFA level. The apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) also increased linearly (P < 0.05). Increasing PFA level resulted in a linear (P < 0.05) increase in blood plasma TAC. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin -18 (IL-18) was reduced linearly (P < 0.05) in spleen with increasing PFA level. In conclusion, PFA inclusion at 100 mg/kg diet positively influenced performance, whereas PFA inclusion at 150 mg/kg resulted in a stronger improvement in AMEn and plasma TAC. Finally, PFA inclusion resulted in a pattern of reduced pro-inflammatory biomarker IL-18 at spleen. Overall, this study provides evidence for the beneficial role of PFA as a natural growth and health promoter in broiler chickens that needs to be further confirmed in field studies.
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307
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Mendes RDF, Pinto NDCC, da Silva JM, da Silva JB, Hermisdorf RCDS, Fabri RL, Chedier LM, Scio E. The essential oil from the fruits of the Brazilian spice Xylopia sericea A. St.-Hil. presents expressive in-vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:341-348. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aims of this study were to investigate the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Xylopia sericea fruits (OXS). The fruits of this species are popularly used for medicinal purposes, and as a condiment in food preparation.
Methods
The chemical composition of OXS was analysed by GC/MS. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching and phosphomolybdenum and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Antibacterial activity was assessed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against bacterial strains of interest to human health and food spoilage.
Key findings
Eighty-four compounds were identified. The sesquiterpenes spathulenol (16.42%), guaiol (13.93%) and germacrene D (8.11%) were the most abundant constituents. OXS presented a significant antioxidant activity and also a high bacteriostatic effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus cereus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Conclusions
Those results evidenced the potential of OXS to treat human bacterial infections and as an antimicrobial ingredient for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de F Mendes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Nícolas de C C Pinto
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Josiane M da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Jucélia B da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Raquel C dos S Hermisdorf
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L Fabri
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Chedier
- Department of Botany, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Elita Scio
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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308
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Influence of Different Isolation Methods on Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of the Fruit Peel Oil of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4010001. [PMID: 28930217 PMCID: PMC5597067 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The chemical composition and bioactivities of essential oils (EOs) of fingered citron (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle) are considerably sensitive and lapsible during high-temperature processing of traditional separating techniques. In the present research, vacuum distillation and ultrafiltration were utilized in order to process the concentrated juice from fingered citron, obtaining a high-quality essential oil. Methods: In order to compare the essential oils obtained by conventional means, the chemical compositions of the essential oils were analyzed using GC-MS, before antimicrobial and antioxidant screening assays were carried out. Results: Oil which had been subjected to vacuum distillation was shown to maintain most of the distinctiveness of the fingered citron, due to its high content of characteristic flavor components and low content of cyclic oxygenated monoterpenoids. Interestingly, the oil obtained by ultrafiltration showed notable in vitro antimicrobial activity. The DPPH· radical-scavenging assay method revealed that the antioxidant abilities were as follows, presented in descending order: vacuum distillation oil > hydrodistillation oil > ultrafiltration oil. Conclusions: The essential oil obtained by vacuum distillation could be combined with the juice produced from fingered citron to create one of the most promising techniques in the fine-processing of citron fruits.
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309
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Kalita S, Kandimalla R, Devi B, Kalita B, Kalita K, Deka M, Chandra Kataki A, Sharma A, Kotoky J. Dual delivery of chloramphenicol and essential oil by poly-ε-caprolactone–Pluronic nanocapsules to treat MRSA-Candida co-infected chronic burn wounds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26561h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel feasible nano capsular approach through co-encapsulation of chloramphenicol and lemon-grass essential oil to combat chronic burn wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Banasmita Devi
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Bhupalee Kalita
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bengaluru
- India
| | | | - Manab Deka
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati – 781014
- India
| | | | - Arup Sharma
- College of Veterinary Science
- Assam Agriculture University
- Guwahati – 781022
- India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
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310
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Nutho B, Nunthaboot N, Wolschann P, Kungwan N, Rungrotmongkol T. Metadynamics supports molecular dynamics simulation-based binding affinities of eucalyptol and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09387j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of various molecular dynamics methods enables the detailed investigation of association processes, like host–guest complexes, including their dynamics and, additionally, the release of the guest compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodee Nutho
- Program in Biotechnology
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
- Thailand
| | - Nadtanet Nunthaboot
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Mahasarakham University
- Mahasarakham 44150
| | - Peter Wolschann
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Group
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chiang Mai University
- Chiang Mai 50200
- Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Group
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
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311
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Anantaworasakul P, Hamamoto H, Sekimizu K, Okonogi S. Biological activities and antibacterial biomarker of Sesbania grandiflora bark extract. Drug Discov Ther 2017; 11:70-77. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2017.01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University
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312
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Baiubon P, Kunanusorn P, Khonsung P, Chiranthanut N, Panthong A, Rujjanawate C. Gastroprotective activity of the rhizome ethanol extract of Zingiber simaoense Y. Y. Qian in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:571-576. [PMID: 27765607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zingiber simaoense Y. Y. Qian belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Its rhizome has been used in Thai folk medicine to relieve gastric disorders; however, scientific evidence of its pharmacological activities has not yet been revealed. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to validate the gastroprotective activity and to identify possible mechanisms of gastroprotection of Z. simaoense rhizome ethanol extract (ZSE) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gastroprotective effect of ZSE was tested using models of gastric ulcers induced by acidified ethanol, indomethacin, and restraint water immersion stress. Models for determination of gastric wall mucus secretion and plasma malondialdehyde levels as well as pylorus ligation were used to explore the mechanisms of action. RESULTS After oral administration by intragastric gavage, ZSE 7.5, 15, and 30mg/kg or cimetidine 100mg/kg significantly inhibited the formation of gastric ulcer in all gastric ulcer models. The gastric wall mucus amount was significantly higher than that of the ulcer control group, plasma malondialdehyde levels were normalized, and gastric secretion was partly inhibited by pretreatment with ZSE. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the gastroprotective activity of ZSE in rats. The mechanisms of action of ZSE may depend on its ability to maintain the integrity of gastric wall mucus through the protection of gastric mucus, and/or by increasing the gastric mucus synthesis and secretion through prostaglandin synthesis. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of ZSE may also contribute to its mechanism of gastroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pareeya Baiubon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Puongtip Kunanusorn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Parirat Khonsung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Natthakarn Chiranthanut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Ampai Panthong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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313
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The Essential Oils of Rhaponticum carthamoides Hairy Roots and Roots of Soil-Grown Plants: Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:8505384. [PMID: 28074117 PMCID: PMC5203915 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8505384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation from the hairy roots (HR) and roots of soil-grown plants (SGR) of Rhaponticum carthamoides and were analyzed by GC-MS method. In the both essential oils 62 compounds were identified. The root essential oils showed the differences in the qualitative and quantitative composition. The sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (55–62%) dominated in both essential oils. The major compounds of HR essential oil were cyperene, 13-norcypera-1(5),11(12)-diene, and cadalene while aplotaxene, nardosina-1(10),11-diene, and dauca-4(11),8-diene dominated in SGR essential oil. Both essential oils showed antibacterial activity especially against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) (MIC value = 125 µg/mL). HR and SGR essential oils also decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the ROS level in LPS-treatment astrocytes. This is the first report to describe the chemical composition of R. carthamoides essential oil from hairy roots, its protective effect against LPS-induced inflammation and ROS production in astrocytes, and its antimicrobial potential. The results show that R. carthamoides hairy roots may be a valuable source of the essential oil and may be an alternative to the roots of soil-grown plants.
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314
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Iijima M, Kenmoku H, Takahashi H, Lee JB, Toyota M, Asakawa Y, Kurosaki F, Taura F. Characterization of 12-Oxophytodienoic Acid Reductases from Rose-scented Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens). Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér, also referred to as rose geranium, is a popular herbal plant with typical rosy fragrance largely based on the blend of monoterpenoid constituents. Among them, citronellol, which is biosynthesized from geraniol via double bond reduction, is the most abundant scent compound. In this study, three 12-oxophytodienoic acid reductases (PgOPR1–3) have been cloned from P. graveolens, as possible candidates for the double-bond reductase involved in citronellol biosynthesis. The bacterially expressed recombinant PgOPRs did not reduce geraniol to citronellol, but stereoselectively converted citral into ( S)-citronellal in the presence of NADPH. Thus, the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in the substrate is essential for the catalytic activity of PgOPRs, as reported for OPRs from other plants and structurally related yeast old yellow enzymes. PgOPRs promiscuously accepted linear and cyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl substrates, including methacrolein, a typical reactive carbonyl compound. The possible biotechnological applications for PgOPRs in plant metabolic engineering, based on their catalytic properties, are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miu Iijima
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kenmoku
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Hironobu Takahashi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Jung-Bum Lee
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masao Toyota
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Asakawa
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Fumiya Kurosaki
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Futoshi Taura
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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315
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Morteza-Semnani K, Ahadi H, Hashemi Z. The genus Hymenocrater: a comprehensive review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3156-3163. [PMID: 27363483 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1197285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The genus Hymenocrater Fisch. et Mey. (Lamiaceae) contains over 21 species in the world. Some species have been used in folk medicine around the world. The present review comprises the ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and therapeutic potential of various species of Hymenocrater. OBJECTIVE This review brings together most of the available scientific research regarding the genus Hymenocrater. Through this review, the authors hope to attract the attention of natural product researchers throughout the world to focus on the unexplored potential of Hymenocrater species. METHODS This review has been compiled using references from major databases such as Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Springer Link and books, without limiting the dates of publication. General web searches were also carried out using Google and Yahoo search engines by applying some related search terms (e.g., Hymenocrater spp., phytochemical, pharmacological, extract, essential oil and traditional uses). The articles related to agriculture, ecology, and synthetic works and those using languages other than English or Persian have been excluded. RESULTS The genus Hymenocrater contains essential oil. Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids are important constituents of this genus. The pharmacological studies confirmed that the species of the genus Hymenocrater showed antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. CONCLUSION This review discusses the current knowledge of Hymenocrater species that review therapeutic potential, especially their effects on the cancer cells and gaps offering opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Morteza-Semnani
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
| | - Hamideh Ahadi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
| | - Zahra Hashemi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
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316
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Zouhir A, Jridi T, Nefzi A, Ben Hamida J, Sebei K. Inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and plant essential oils. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3136-3150. [PMID: 27246787 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1190763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Drug-resistant bacterial infections cause considerable patient mortality and morbidity. The annual frequency of deaths from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has surpassed those caused by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), plant essential oils (EOs) and their combinations have proven to be quite effective in killing a wide selection of bacterial pathogens including MRSA. OBJECTIVES This review summarizes the studies in the use of AMPs, plant EOs and their combinations for coping with MRSA bacteria, and to formulate new prospects for future studies on this topic. METHODS The sources of scientific literature such as PubMed, library search, Google Scholar, Science Direct and electronic databases such as 'The Antimicrobial Peptide Database', 'Collection of Anti-Microbial Peptides' and 'YADAMP'. Physicochemical data of anti-MRSA peptides were determined by Scientific DataBase Maker software. RESULTS Of the 118 peptides, 88 exhibited an activity against MRSA with the highest activity of minimum inhibitory concentration values. Various plant EOs have been effective against MRSA. Remarkably, lemongrass EOs completely inhibited all MRSA growth on the plate. Lemon myrtle, Mountain savory, Cinnamon bark and Melissa EOs showed a significant inhibition. CONCLUSION Several of these AMPs, EOs and their combinations were effective against MRSA. Their activities have implications for the development of new drugs for medical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmajid Zouhir
- a Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar , El Manar , Tunisia
- b Research Unit at Institute of Applied Biological Sciences Tunis (ISSBAT) , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Jridi
- a Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar , El Manar , Tunisia
- b Research Unit at Institute of Applied Biological Sciences Tunis (ISSBAT) , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Adel Nefzi
- c Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies , Port St. Lucie , FL , USA
| | - Jeannette Ben Hamida
- a Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar , El Manar , Tunisia
- b Research Unit at Institute of Applied Biological Sciences Tunis (ISSBAT) , Tunis , Tunisia
| | - Khaled Sebei
- a Nutraceuticals and Functional Proteomics Potential of Biodiversity in Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar , El Manar , Tunisia
- b Research Unit at Institute of Applied Biological Sciences Tunis (ISSBAT) , Tunis , Tunisia
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317
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Protective Effect of Crocodile Hemoglobin and Whole Blood Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Lung Fibroblasts (MRC-5) and Inflammation in Mice. Inflammation 2016; 40:205-220. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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318
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Giovannini D, Gismondi A, Basso A, Canuti L, Braglia R, Canini A, Mariani F, Cappelli G. Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Essential Oil Exerts Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Macrophage Mediated Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:11-28. [PMID: 26730790 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1085392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Different studies described the antibacterial properties of Lavandula angustifolia (Mill.) essential oil and its anti-inflammatory effects. Besides, no data exist on its ability to activate human macrophages during the innate response against Staphylococcus aureus. The discovery of promising regulators of macrophage-mediated inflammatory response, without side effects, could be useful for the prevention of, or as therapeutic remedy for, various inflammation-mediated diseases. This study investigated, by transcriptional analysis, how a L. angustifolia essential oil treatment influences the macrophage response to Staphylococcus aureus infection. The results showed that the treatment increases the phagocytic rate and stimulates the containment of intracellular bacterial replication by macrophages. Our data showed that this stimulation is coupled with expression of genes involved in reactive oxygen species production (i.e., CYBB and NCF4). Moreover, the essential oil treatment balanced the inflammatory signaling induced by S. aureus by repressing the principal pro-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors and inducing the heme oxygenase-1 gene transcription. These data showed that the L. angustifolia essential oil can stimulate the human innate macrophage response to a bacterium which is responsible for one of the most important nosocomial infection and might suggest the potential development of this plant extract as an anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory coadjutant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Giovannini
- a Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology , National Research Council , Italy , Rome , Italy
| | - A Gismondi
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - A Basso
- a Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology , National Research Council , Italy , Rome , Italy
| | - L Canuti
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - R Braglia
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - A Canini
- b Department of Biology , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - F Mariani
- a Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology , National Research Council , Italy , Rome , Italy
| | - G Cappelli
- a Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology , National Research Council , Italy , Rome , Italy
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319
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Essential Oils from Ugandan Medicinal Plants: In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Effects on IL-1 β-Induced Proinflammatory Mediators by Human Gingival Fibroblasts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5357689. [PMID: 27807462 PMCID: PMC5078667 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5357689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated cytotoxicity of essential oils from four medicinal plants (Bidens pilosa, Ocimum gratissimum, Cymbopogon nardus, and Zanthoxylum chalybeum) on human gingival fibroblasts and their effects on proinflammatory mediators' secretion. Cytotoxicity of essential oils was investigated using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Effects of essential oils at subcytotoxicity concentrations on interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretions by gingival fibroblasts treated with IL-1β (300 pg/mL) were evaluated by ELISA and EIA. IC50 values of the essential oils ranged from 26 μg/mL to 50 μg/mL. Baseline and IL-1β-induced secretion of PGE2 was inhibited by treatment with essential oil from O. gratissimum. Essential oils from B. pilosa and C. nardus had synergistic effects with IL-1β on PGE2 seceretion. In conclusion, the study suggests that essential oil from O. gratissimum decreases gingival fibroblasts secretion of PGE2, while essential oils from B. pilosa and C. nardus increase PGE2 secretion. Essential oil from Z. chalybeum was the most cytotoxic, while oil from C. nardus was the least cytotoxic. Although the clinical significance of these findings remains to be determined, it may be suggested that essential oil from O. gratissimum, applied at subcytotoxicity concentrations, could reduce the participation of gingival fibroblasts in the gingival inflammation and tissue destruction associated with periodontitis.
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320
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Venditti A, Frezza C, Maggi F, Lupidi G, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Giuliani C, Cianfaglione K, Papa F, Serafini M, Bianco A. Phytochemistry, micromorphology and bioactivities of Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb. (Lamiaceae, Ajugoideae): Two new harpagide derivatives and an unusual iridoid glycosides pattern. Fitoterapia 2016; 113:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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321
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Santos KA, Klein EJ, Gazim ZC, Gonçalves JE, Cardozo-Filho L, Corazza ML, da Silva EA. Wood and industrial residue of candeia ( Eremanthus erythropappus ): Supercritical CO 2 oil extraction, composition, antioxidant activity and mathematical modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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322
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Anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil and its main compound estragole: In vivo mouse models. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 257:14-25. [PMID: 27474066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ocimum are used in cooking, however, their essential oils are utilized in traditional medicine as aromatherapy. The present study was carried out to investigate the chemical composition and systemic anti-inflammatory activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil (EOOB) and its major component estragole, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. The Ocimum basilicum essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory action was verified using acute and chronic in vivo tests as paw edema, peritonitis, and vascular permeability and granulomatous inflammation model. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of action was analyzed by the participation of histamine and arachidonic acid pathways. The chemical profile analysis identified fourteen components present in the essential oil, within them: estragole (60.96%). The in vivo test results show that treatment with EOOB (100 and 50 mg/kg) and estragole (60 and 30 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The smallest doses of EOOB (50 mg/kg) and estragole (30 mg/kg) showed efficacy in the reduction of paw edema induced by histamine and arachidonic acid, vascular permeability inhibition and leukocyte emigration in the peritoneal fluid. Theses doses were capable of reducing the chronic inflammatory process. The results observed between the EOOB and estragole demonstrate efficacy in anti-inflammatory activity, however, the essential oil is more efficacious in the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory action. This study confirms the therapeutic potential of this plant and reinforces the validity of its use in popular medicine.
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323
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Hatab S, Athanasio R, Holley R, Rodas-Gonzalez A, Narvaez-Bravo C. Survival and Reduction of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli
in a Fresh Cold-Pressed Juice Treated with Antimicrobial Plant Extracts. J Food Sci 2016; 81:M1987-95. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Hatab
- College of Environmental Agricultural Sciences; Suez Canal Univ; Al-Arish, North Sinai 45516 Egypt
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics; Zhejiang Ocean Univ; Zhoushan 316022 China
| | - Renata Athanasio
- Food Science Dept; Univ. of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Richard Holley
- Food Science Dept; Univ. of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
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324
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Afshari V, Elahian F, Ayari Y, Yazdinezhad A, Mirzaei SA. Diversity and ecotypic variation in the antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects ofThymus kotschyanusBoiss & Hohen. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Afshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Iran
| | - Fatemeh Elahian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center; Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences; Shahrekord Iran
| | - Yasaman Ayari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Iran
| | - Alireza Yazdinezhad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Mirzaei
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center; Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences; Shahrekord Iran
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325
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Nikolova G, Karamalakova Y, Kovacheva N, Stanev S, Zheleva A, Gadjeva V. Protective effect of two essential oils isolated from Rosa damascena Mill. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and two classic antioxidants against L-dopa oxidative toxicity induced in healthy mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:1-7. [PMID: 27381452 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa (L-dopa) is a "gold standard" and most effective symptomatic agent in the Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. The several treatments have been developed in an attempt to improve PD treatment, but most patients were still levodopa dependent. The issue of toxicity was raised in vitro studies, and suggests that L-dopa can be toxic to dopaminergic neurons, but it is not yet entirely proven. L-dopa prolonged treatment is associated with motor complications and some limitations. Combining the L-dopa therapy with antioxidants can reduce related sideeffects and provide symptomatic relief. The natural antioxidants can be isolated from any plant parts such as seeds, leaves, roots, bark, etc., and their extracts riched in phenols can retard the oxidative degradation of the lipids, proteins and DNA. Thus, study suggests that combination of essential oils (Rose oil and Lavender oil), Vitamin C and Trolox with Ldopa can reduce oxidative toxicity, and may play a key role in ROS/RNS disarm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nikolova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Natasha Kovacheva
- Agricultural Academy, Institute of Roses and Aromatic Plants, Kazanluk, Bulgaria
| | - Stanko Stanev
- Agricultural Academy, Institute of Roses and Aromatic Plants, Kazanluk, Bulgaria
| | - Antoaneta Zheleva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
| | - Veselina Gadjeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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326
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Liu TT, Chao LKP, Peng CW, Yang TS. Effects of processing methods on composition and functionality of volatile components isolated from immature fruits of atemoya. Food Chem 2016; 202:176-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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327
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Torbati M, Asnaashari S, Heshmati Afshar F. Essential Oil from Flowers and Leaves of Elaeagnus Angustifolia (Elaeagnaceae): Composition, Radical Scavenging and General Toxicity Activities. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:163-9. [PMID: 27478777 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to identify the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the flowers and leaves of Elaeagnus angostifolia (Elaeagnaceae) along with evaluate the radical scavenging and general toxicity activities. METHODS A combination of GC-MS and GC-FID were utilized for analyzing the chemical profile of the essential oils extracted by hydro-distillation from the leaves and flowers of E. angustifolia. The essential oils were subjected to general toxicity and radical scavenging assays using brine shrimp lethality test and DPPH method, respectively. RESULTS In total, 53 and 25 components were identified and quantified in the essential oils of flowers and leaves, accounting for 96.59% and 98.97% of the oil, respectively. The both oils were observed to be rich in ester compounds. The most abundant components of the oil from flowers were E-ethyl cinnamate (60.00%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (9.99%), palmitic acid (5.20%) and phytol (3.29%). The major constituents of the oil from leaves were E-ethyl cinnamate (37.27%), phytol (12.08%), nonanal (10.74%) and Z-3-hexenyl benzoate (7.65%). Both oils showed moderate activity in DPPH assay; however, they exhibited potent tocixity in brine shrimp lethality test. CONCLUSION The remarkable toxicity effects of the oils are worthy to further investigation to find the probable mechanisms of action accountable for the noticeable toxic effect of these essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Asnaashari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Heshmati Afshar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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328
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Złotek U, Michalak-Majewska M, Szymanowska U. Effect of jasmonic acid elicitation on the yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential oil of lettuce leaf basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Food Chem 2016; 213:1-7. [PMID: 27451148 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of elicitation with jasmonic acid (JA) on the plant yield, the production and composition of essential oils of lettuce leaf basil was evaluated. JA-elicitation slightly affected the yield of plants and significantly increased the amount of essential oils produced by basil - the highest oil yield (0.78±0.005mL/100gdw) was achieved in plants elicited with 100μM JA. The application of the tested elicitor also influenced the chemical composition of basil essential oils - 100μM JA increased the linalool, eugenol, and limonene levels, while 1μM JA caused the highest increase in the methyl eugenol content. Essential oils from JA-elicited basil (especially 1μM and 100μM) exhibited more effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential; therefore, this inducer may be a very useful biochemical tool for improving production and composition of herbal essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Złotek
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Monika Michalak-Majewska
- Department of Fruits, Vegetables and Mushrooms Technology, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Urszula Szymanowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Skromna Str. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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329
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Pérez-Rosés R, Risco E, Vila R, Peñalver P, Cañigueral S. Biological and Nonbiological Antioxidant Activity of Some Essential Oils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4716-24. [PMID: 27214068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen essential oils, four essential oil fractions, and three pure compounds (thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol), characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were investigated for biological and nonbiological antioxidant activity. Clove oil and eugenol showed strong DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 13.2 μg/mL and 11.7 μg/mL, respectively) and powerfully inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human neutrophils stimulated by PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) (IC50 = 7.5 μg/mL and 1.6 μg/mL) or H2O2 (IC50 = 22.6 μg/mL and 27.1 μg/mL). Nutmeg, ginger, and palmarosa oils were also highly active on this test. Essential oils from clove and ginger, as well as eugenol, carvacrol, and bornyl acetate inhibited NO (nitric oxide) production (IC50 < 50.0 μg/mL). The oils of clove, red thyme, and Spanish oregano, together with eugenol, thymol, and carvacrol showed the highest myeloperoxidase inhibitory activity. Isomers carvacrol and thymol displayed a disparate behavior in some tests. All in all, clove oil and eugenol offered the best antioxidant profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Pérez-Rosés
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Farmacognòsia i Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Risco
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Farmacognòsia i Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Phytonexus, S.L. , Na Jordana, 11, E-46240 Carlet, València, Spain
| | - Roser Vila
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Farmacognòsia i Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Peñalver
- Lidervet, S.L. , Plaça García Lorca, 17, Baixos, E-43006 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salvador Cañigueral
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Farmacognòsia i Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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330
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Bouzabata A, Casanova J, Bighelli A, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Tomi F. The GenusMyrtusL. in Algeria: Composition and Biological Aspects of Essential Oils fromM. communisandM. nivellei: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:672-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Bouzabata
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie and Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique; Modélisation et Optimisation des Procédés Chimiques; Université Badji-Mokhtar; B.P.12, 23000 Annaba Algérie
| | - Joseph Casanova
- UMR 6134 SPE; Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; Université de Corse-CNRS; FR-20000 Ajaccio
| | - Ange Bighelli
- UMR 6134 SPE; Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; Université de Corse-CNRS; FR-20000 Ajaccio
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Coimbra; PT-3000-295 Coimbra
| | - Ligia Salgueiro
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Coimbra; PT-3000-295 Coimbra
| | - Félix Tomi
- UMR 6134 SPE; Equipe Chimie et Biomasse; Route des Sanguinaires; Université de Corse-CNRS; FR-20000 Ajaccio
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331
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Cheng WY, Haque Akanda JM, Nyam KL. Kenaf seed oil: A potential new source of edible oil. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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332
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El-Hosseiny LS, Alqurashy NN, Sheweita SA. Oxidative Stress Alleviation by Sage Essential Oil in Co-amoxiclav induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE : IJBS 2016; 12:71-8. [PMID: 27493593 PMCID: PMC4947092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that several classes of antibiotics are evidenced in drug induced liver injury. The combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is commonly cited in such cases. Accordingly, the present study investigated the potential hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant efficacy of sage essential oil in Co-amoxiclav induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sage essential oil was hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of Salvia officinalis L. and its compositional analysis was characterized by Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy. Rats were treated singly or concomitantly with Co-amoxiclav and sage essential oil for a period of seven days. The major components of sage oil as identified by GC-MS were 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, camphor, β-caryophyllene, α-pinene and α-caryophyllene comprising 26.3%, 14.4%, 10.9%, 7.8%, 6% and 2.5% respectively. The in vivo exposure of rats to Co-amoxiclav resulted in hepatotoxicity biochemically evidenced by the significant elevation of serum AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GT, total bilirubin and histologically conveyed by hydropic, inflammatory and cholestatic changes in rats' liver. Oxidative stress mediated the hepatic injury as indicated by the significant escalation in lipid peroxidation, as well as, the significant depletion of both glutathione level and glutathione dependent enzymes' activities. The concomitant administration of sage essential oil with Co-amoxiclav exerted a hepatoprotective effect via inducing an in vivo antioxidant defense response eventually regressing, to some extent, the hepatoarchitectural changes induced by Co-amoxiclav. Results suggest that sage essential oil is a potential candidate for counteracting hepatic injury associating Co-amoxiclav and this effect is in part related to the complexity of its chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S El-Hosseiny
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - N N Alqurashy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University, Iraq
| | - S A Sheweita
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 El Horreya Avenue, P.O. box 832 El-Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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333
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Eblaghi M, Khajehie N, Golmakani MT, Eskandari MH. Investigating the effects of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation on antioxidant and antifungal activities ofTanacetum polycephalumandArtemisia chamaemelifoliaessential oils. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2016.1175977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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334
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Orlando VDS, Glauciemar DVV, Bruna CSS, C eacute lia HY, Ana UCSAU, Ailson DLAEDAUJ, Miriam ADOP, Mirian PR, Maria SA. In- vivo and vitro bioactivities of the essential oil of Duguetia lanceolata branches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajpp2015.4497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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335
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Chirisa E, Mukanganyama S. Evaluation ofin VitroAnti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Zimbabwean Plant Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2015.1134745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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336
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Bahloul N, Bellili S, Aazza S, Chérif A, Faleiro ML, Antunes MD, Miguel MG, Mnif W. Aqueous Extracts from Tunisian Diplotaxis: Phenol Content, Antioxidant and Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activities, and Impact of Exposure to Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:E12. [PMID: 27049399 PMCID: PMC4931533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have been considered essential for preventing cell damage by scavenging deleterious free radicals. The consumption of antioxidant-rich plants is associated with a reduced risk of some chronic diseases. This study evaluates the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities of aqueous extracts obtained from different parts of Diplotaxis simplex and Diplotaxis harra from Tunisia. The study also aimed to investigate the action of simulated gastrointestinal juice on antioxidant activities of both extracts. The total phenolic, flavone and flavonol, and flavanone and dihydroflavonol contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau, aluminum chloride and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine colorimetric methods, respectively. The metal ion chelating activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibition capacity, and free radical scavenging potential of the extracts towards ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), hydroxyl, superoxide and nitric oxide were also evaluated. The action of simulated gastro-intestinal fluids on the flavone and flavonol content and total antioxidant activity of the flower extracts was surveyed. Extracts from the seeds and flowers of D. simplex and D. harra displayed the highest amounts of phenols (2691.7 and 2694.5 mg Caffeic Acid Equivalent (CAE)/100 mg; 3433.4 and 2647.2 mg CAE/100 mg, respectively) and flavonols/flavones (2144.4 and 2061.1 mg Rutin Equivalent (RE)/100 g; 1922.6 and 1461.1 mg RE/100 g, respectively). The flower and seed extracts exhibited the highest rates of antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities. A decrease in the flavonoid content and antioxidant activity was observed after extract exposure to simulated saliva. Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities were noted to depend on plant species and plant parts. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion is useful in assessing the bio-accessibility of compounds with biological activities from food. The simulated gastrointestinal fluids influenced the flavonoid concentration and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Bahloul
- LR11-ES31 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna-Bizerte 7021, Tunisia.
| | - Sana Bellili
- LR11-ES31 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna-Bizerte 7021, Tunisia.
| | - Smail Aazza
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, BP 1796 Atlas, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30 000, Morocco.
| | - Ameur Chérif
- LR11-ES31 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.
| | - Maria Leonor Faleiro
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Center for Biomedical Research, Universidade do Algarve, Edf. 8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Maria Dulce Antunes
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, MeditBio, Edif. 8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Maria Graça Miguel
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, MeditBio, Edif. 8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Wissem Mnif
- LR11-ES31 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts in Balgarn PO BOX 60 Balgarn, Bisha University, Sabt Al Alaya 61985, Saudi Arabia.
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337
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Nerol alleviates pathologic markers in the oxazolone-induced colitis model. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 776:81-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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338
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Manju S, Malaikozhundan B, Withyachumnarnkul B, Vaseeharan B. Essential oils of Nigella sativa protects Artemia from the pathogenic effect of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Dahv2. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 136:43-9. [PMID: 26945773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The anti-Vibrio activity of essential oils (EOs) of nine medicinal plants was tested against 28 Vibrio spp. isolated from diseased Fenneropenaeus indicus. EO of Nigella sativa exhibited anti-Vibrio activity against all Vibrio spp. and greater inhibition was noted for the isolate V2 which was identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus Dahv2. Further, EO of N. sativa effectively inhibited V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 with an inhibition zone of 23.9mm at 101.2μgml(-1). Moreover, EO of N. sativa revealed anti-biofilm activity at 101.2μgml(-1) against V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 and inhibited the growth of V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 at 100μgml(-1).In vivo experimental infection studies showed that the survival of Artemia spp. infected with V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2 at 1×10(3)cfuml(-1) was only 40%. However, the survival of Artemia spp. was significantly increased after challenge with 100μgml(-1) of EO of N. sativa. EO of N. sativa showed higher anti-oxidant potential and total phenol content than other EOs tested. The anti-oxidant activity of EO of N. sativa was highly correlated to their total phenolic contents (r=0.836, P<0.05). This observation suggests that EO of N. sativa protected the Artemia spp. after experimental infection of V. parahaemolyticus Dahv2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivalingam Manju
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Malaikozhundan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Boonsirm Withyachumnarnkul
- Department of Anatomy and Centex Shrimp, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Aquatic Animal Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, Surat Thani 84100, Thailand
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Crustacean Molecular Biology and Genomics Division, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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339
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Drong C, Meyer U, von Soosten D, Frahm J, Rehage J, Schirrmeier H, Beer M, Dänicke S. Effects of monensin and essential oils on immunological, haematological and biochemical parameters of cows during the transition period. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:791-806. [PMID: 26936096 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using a model to generate experimental groups with different manifestations of post-partum (p.p.) fat mobilization and ketogenesis, the effects of a dietary and a medical intervention on biochemical and haematological parameters, antibody titre, leucocytes subsets and function of transition cows were examined. In total, 60 German Holstein cows were allocated 6 weeks antepartum (a.p.) to 3 high-body condition score (BCS) groups (BCS 3.95) and 1 low-BCS group (LC, BCS 2.77). High-BCS cows received a monensin controlled-release capsule (HC/MO) or a blend of essential oils (HC/EO) or formed a control group (HC). Parameters were evaluated in 3 periods (day (d) -42 until calving, 1 until 14 days in milk (DIM), 15 until 56 DIM). Over the course of trial, various parameters were influenced by period with greatest variability next to calving. White blood cell count was higher in the HC (8.42 × 103 /μl) and HC/EO (8.38 × 103 /μl) groups than in the HC/MO group (6.81 × 103 /μl) considering the whole trial. Supplementation of monensin decreased aspartate aminotransferase in comparison with the HC group similar to LC treatment. Bilirubin concentration was nearly doubled in all high-BCS cows in period 2. In period 3, essential oils increased γ-glutamyltransferase (80.4 Units/l) in comparison with all other groups and glutamine dehydrogenase (61 Units/l) in comparison with the LC (19 Units/l) and the HC/MO group (18 Units/l). Results suggest that parameters were generally characterized by a high variability around calving. Based on biochemical characteristics, it appeared that the HC cows seemed to have compromised hepatocyte integrity when compared to the LC cows. From the immune parameters investigated, the BVDV antibody response was more pronounced in HC/MO compared to HC/EO.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drong
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - U Meyer
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - D von Soosten
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J Frahm
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J Rehage
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - H Schirrmeier
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - M Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - S Dänicke
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany
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340
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Sutili FJ, Gatlin DM, Rossi W, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B. In vitro effects of plant essential oils on non-specific immune parameters of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus L. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 100:1113-1120. [PMID: 26898359 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals such as plant essential oils (EOs) have been reported to favour various activities in the innate immune system of fish. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the in vitro effect of three different plant EOs (Ocimum americanum, Cymbopogon flexuosus and Melaleuca alternifolia) on non-specific immune parameters and erythrocyte osmotic fragility of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Concentrations of each plant EO evaluated in preparations of head-kidney macrophages, blood leucocytes and blood plasma were as follows: 0.0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 μg/ml. Red drum head-kidney macrophages significantly increased extracellular superoxide anion production when exposed (20 h) to O. americanum EO (1.0-8.0 μg/ml) and C. flexuosus EO (2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml). The respiratory burst of blood leucocytes (NBT test) significantly increased in all concentrations when compared to the respective control group, for all EOs. At the highest concentration (16.0 μg/ml), C. flexuosus EO significantly inhibited the haemolytic activity of complement system in red drum blood after 1 h exposure. None of the tested concentrations significantly altered plasma lysozyme activity or erythrocyte osmotic fragility after exposing (1 h) red drum whole blood to each EO. This study demonstrated that these plant EOs are capable of triggering superoxide anion production in red drum leucocytes (head-kidney macrophages and/or blood leucocytes). In vivo studies are warranted to address their potential as immunostimulants in the diet of red drum and other aquacultured species.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Sutili
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - D M Gatlin
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System College Station, TX, USA
| | - W Rossi
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System College Station, TX, USA
| | - B M Heinzmann
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - B Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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341
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Hajiali H, Summa M, Russo D, Armirotti A, Brunetti V, Bertorelli R, Athanassiou A, Mele E. Alginate-lavender nanofibers with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity to effectively promote burn healing. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1686-1695. [PMID: 32263019 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the current challenges in wound care is the development of multifunctional dressings that can both protect the wound from external agents and promote the regeneration of the new tissue. Here, we show the combined use of two naturally derived compounds, sodium alginate and lavender essential oil, for the production of bioactive nanofibrous dressings by electrospinning, and their efficacy for the treatment of skin burns induced by midrange ultraviolet radiation (UVB). We demonstrate that the engineered dressings reduce the risk of microbial infection of the burn, since they stop the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, they are able to control and reduce the inflammatory response that is induced in human foreskin fibroblasts by lipopolysaccharides, and in rodents by UVB exposure. In particular, we report a remarkable reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines when fibroblasts or animals are treated with the alginate-based nanofibers. The down-regulation of cytokines production and the absence of erythema on the skin of the treated animals confirm that the here described dressings are promising as advanced biomedical devices for burn management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hajiali
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
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342
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Plants and other natural products used in the management of oral infections and improvement of oral health. Acta Trop 2016; 154:6-18. [PMID: 26522671 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. This article rigorously reviews plants and other natural products used in oral health: Punica granatum L. (pomegranate), Matricaria recutita L. (chamomile), Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (green tea), chewing sticks made from Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.D.C., Diospyros lycioides Desf., and Salvadora persica L. (miswak), honey and propolis from the manuka tree (Leptospermum scoparium J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.), rhein from Rheum rhabarbarum L. (rhubarb), dried fruits of Vitis vinifera L. (raisins), essential oils, probiotics and mushrooms. Further, the review highlights plants from Africa, Asia, Brazil, Mexico, Europe, and the Middle East. Some of the plants' antimicrobial properties and chemical principles have been elucidated. While the use of natural products for oral health is prominent in resource-poor settings, antimicrobial testing is mainly conducted in the following countries (in decreasing order of magnitude): India, South Africa, Brazil, Japan, France, Egypt, Iran, Mexico, Kenya, Switzerland, Nigeria, Australia, Uganda, and the United Kingdom. While the review exposes a dire gap for more studies on clinical efficacy and toxicity, the following emerging trend was noted: basic research on plants for oral health is mainly done in Brazil, Europe and Australia. Brazil, China, India and New Zealand generally conduct value addition of natural products for fortification of toothpastes. African countries focus on bioprospecting and primary production of raw plants and other natural products with antimicrobial efficacies. The Middle East and Egypt predominantly research on plants used as chewing sticks. More research and funding are needed in the field of natural products for oral health, especially in Africa where oral diseases are fuelled by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
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343
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Tefiani C, Riazi A, Belbachir B, Lahmar H, Aazza S, Figueiredo AC, Miguel MG. Ammoides pusilla (Brot.) Breistr. from Algeria: Effect of harvesting place and plant part (leaves and flowers) on the essential oils chemical composition and antioxidant activity. OPEN CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2016-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe chemical variability and antioxidant activity of the flower and leaf essential oils (EOs) of Ammoides pusilla, collected at Algeria was evaluated. The EOs were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH, ABTS, Reducing Power and TBARS assays. Oxygen-containing monoterpenes (54-77%) dominated all but one A. pusilla leaf EOs, and in two flower EOs (53% both). Thymol dominated in practically all leaf and flowers EOs, but cumin alcohol, p-cymene and limonene attained also relatively high percentages in some EOs. A strong negative correlation (p<0.01) between IC50 values of ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl scavenging activity and the percentages of p-cymene and cumin alcohol present in EOs were observed, showing that higher levels of these monoterpenes were responsible for the best activities found. In spite of this finding, the antagonism and/or synergism between EO components must be taken into account, since the EO activity can only be considered as a whole. Moreover, given the EOs chemical variability their use as antioxidants, should be preceded by their chemical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choukri Tefiani
- 2Département d’Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Université de Tlemcen 13000 Algérie
- 3Laboratoire des Microorganismes Bénéfiques, des Aliments Fonctionnels et de la Santé, Université Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, 27000 Mostaganem 13000 Algérie
| | - Ali Riazi
- 3Laboratoire des Microorganismes Bénéfiques, des Aliments Fonctionnels et de la Santé, Université Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, 27000 Mostaganem 13000 Algérie
| | - Boumediene Belbachir
- 2Département d’Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Université de Tlemcen 13000 Algérie
| | - Hicham Lahmar
- 2Département d’Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Université de Tlemcen 13000 Algérie
| | - Smail Aazza
- 2Département d’Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Université de Tlemcen 13000 Algérie
| | - Ana Cristina Figueiredo
- 4Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, CBV, DBV, 1749 016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Graça Miguel
- 1Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Química e Farmácia, MeditBio, Campus de Gambelas 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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344
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Mardani M, Afra SM, Tanideh N, Andisheh Tadbir A, Modarresi F, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Iraji A, Sepehrimanesh M. Hydroalcoholic extract ofCarum carviL. in oral mucositis: a clinical trial in male golden hamsters. Oral Dis 2015; 22:39-45. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Mardani
- Department of Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - SM Afra
- Students' Research Committee; School of Dentistry; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - N Tanideh
- Transgenic Technology Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - A Andisheh Tadbir
- Department of Oral Pathology; School of Dentistry; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - F Modarresi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| | | | - A Iraji
- Central Laboratory; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - M Sepehrimanesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
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345
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The investigation of anti-inflammatory activity of volatile oil of Angelica sinensis by plasma metabolomics approach. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:269-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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346
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Sharopov F, Braun MS, Gulmurodov I, Khalifaev D, Isupov S, Wink M. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils of Selected Aromatic Plants from Tajikistan. Foods 2015; 4:645-653. [PMID: 28231227 PMCID: PMC5224554 DOI: 10.3390/foods4040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils of 18 plant species from Tajikistan (Central Asia) were investigated. The essential oil of Origanum tyttanthum showed a strong antibacterial activity with both minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 312.5 µg/mL for E. coli, 625 µg/mL (MIC) and 1250 µg/mL (MBC) for MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), respectively. The essential oil of Galagania fragrantissima was highly active against MRSA at concentrations as low as 39.1 µg/mL and 78.2 µg/mL for MIC and MBC, respectively. Origanum tyttanthum essential oil showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 0.12 mg/mL for ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and 0.28 mg/mL for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Galagania fragrantissima and Origanum tyttanthum essential oils showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity; IC50 values of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition were 7.34 and 14.78 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, essential oils of Origanum tyttanthum and Galagania fragrantissima exhibit substantial antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. They are interesting candidates in phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farukh Sharopov
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Markus Santhosh Braun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | | | - Davlat Khalifaev
- Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki Str. 139, Dushanbe 734025, Tajikistan.
| | - Salomiddin Isupov
- Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki Str. 139, Dushanbe 734025, Tajikistan.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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347
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Nelita GCAFDB, Mir eacute ia ABP, Vany F, Karine QP, Alo iacute sio FCJUN, Artur A. Antimicrobial activity and medicinal biomass of Siparuna guianensis in Brazilian Cerrado forest, a global hotspot. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2015.5884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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348
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Kfoury M, Auezova L, Greige-Gerges H, Fourmentin S. Promising applications of cyclodextrins in food: Improvement of essential oils retention, controlled release and antiradical activity. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 131:264-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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349
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Application of Artificial Intelligence to the Prediction of the Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:561024. [PMID: 26457111 PMCID: PMC4589635 DOI: 10.1155/2015/561024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are vastly used as natural antibiotics in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). Their intrinsic chemical variability and synergisms/antagonisms between its components make difficult to ensure consistent effects through different batches. Our aim is to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the prediction of their antimicrobial activity. Methods. The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of 49 EOs, extracts, and/or fractions was extracted from NCCLS compliant works. The fast artificial neural networks (FANN) software was used and the output data reflected the antimicrobial activity of these EOs against four common pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Clostridium perfringens as measured by standardised disk diffusion assays. Results. ANNs were able to predict >70% of the antimicrobial activities within a 10 mm maximum error range. Similarly, ANNs were able to predict 2 or 3 different bioactivities at the same time. The accuracy of the prediction was only limited by the inherent errors of the popular antimicrobial disk susceptibility test and the nature of the pathogens. Conclusions. ANNs can be reliable, fast, and cheap tools for the prediction of the antimicrobial activity of EOs thus improving their use in CAM.
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350
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Effects of dietary essential oil and enzyme supplementation on growth performance and gut health of broilers challenged by Clostridium perfringens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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