351
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Miller DC, Johnson MR, Becker JJ, Ibers JA. Synthesis and characterization of the new 22-π aromatic furan-containing macrocycle, “ozaphyrin”. J Heterocycl Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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352
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Senge MO, Hope H, Iakovides P, Smith KM. Aggregation of 2,3-dihydroxy-etiochlorin I. An amphiphilic model compound for photodynamic therapy and green heme d. Photochem Photobiol 1993; 58:748-52. [PMID: 8284328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of 2,3-dihydroxy-etiochlorin I has been determined to obtain information on its aggregation behavior. Cis-dihydroxychlorins serve as model compounds for green heme d and show promising photonecrotic activity in photodynamic therapy. The compound shows strong aggregation in the solid state facilitated by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between one hydroxy group and pyrrole nitrogens of neighboring molecules. This novel type of aggregation leads to chain-type aggregates in the crystal. The title compound 4 crystallized in the monoclinic space group Ia (Z = 4) with unit cell dimensions a = 9.902(4) A, b = 26.430(9) A, c = 10.823(5), beta = 104.47(3) A, V = 2743(2) A3. The structure was refined to an R-value of 0.097 on the basis of 1150 reflections with F > 4.0 sigma (F) (130 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Senge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis 95616
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353
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Blauer G, Sreerama N, Woody RW. Optical activity of hemoproteins in the Soret region. Circular dichroism of the heme undecapeptide of cytochrome c in aqueous solution. Biochemistry 1993; 32:6674-9. [PMID: 8392367 DOI: 10.1021/bi00077a021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Different possible mechanism for generation of optical activity of hemoproteins in the Soret region are reconsidered. The heme undecapeptide of cytochrome c does not contain aromatic amino acid residues, so its considerable optical activity cannot be due to coupling of heme pi pi * transitions with those of aromatic residues. CD data for the heme undecapeptide and for ferrimyoglobin and some of their complexes with small molecules are presented and critically compared. Symmetrically coordinated imidazole complexes show rotational strengths of the same magnitude as those of corresponding nonsymmetrically coordinated compounds. Inherent chirality in the bound heme is inferred to be a significant source of optical activity in the heme undecapeptide. Theoretical calculations based upon a molecular dynamics simulation support this proposal. Coupled oscillator interactions with the peptide pi pi * transitions and with the high-energy transitions in the peptide groups and thioether sulfurs, as modeled by polarizabilities, also make significant contributions. These same mechanisms must also be considered in hemoproteins in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Blauer
- Department of Biochemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523
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354
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Cheng RJ, Chen YR, Wang S, Cheng C. Crystal and molecular structure of a five-coordinate zinc complex of meso-tetraphenyltetrabenzoprophyrin. Polyhedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)84326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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355
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Padmanabhan M, Poojari MD, Krishnan V. Molecular structure of electron donor-acceptor complexes of metallotetraphenylporphyrins with trinitrobenzene. J CHEM SCI 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02877478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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356
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Kim HJ, Whang D, Do Y, Kim K. Trioxygen-Bridged Porphyrin Dimers with Unusual Molecular Geometries. X-Ray Crystal Structures of {(μ-OH)3[Zr(OEP)]2}(7,8-C2B9H12) and (μ-O)(μ-OH)2[Zr(TPP)]2. CHEM LETT 1993. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1993.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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357
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Senge MO, Gerzevske KR, Vicente MGH, Forsyth TP, Smith KM. Modelle für das photosynthetische Reaktionszentrum: Synthese und Struktur voncis- undtrans-Ethenverbrückten sowie gewinkelten Hydroxymethylenverbrückten Porphyrindimeren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19931050516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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358
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359
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Senge MO, Hope H, Smith KM. Structure and conformation of photosynthetic pigments and related compounds. Part 6. The first crystal structure of a covalently-linked chlorin dimer: 20,20′-ethylenebis(trans-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylchlorin). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/p29930000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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360
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361
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362
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Cartier C, Momenteau M, Dartyge E, Fontaine A, Tourillon G, Bianconi A, Verdaguer M. X-ray absorption spectroscopy of carbonyl basket handle Fe(II) porphyrins: the distortion of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1119:169-74. [PMID: 1540648 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90387-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The distortion of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle, the Fe-C-O bond angle and the Fe local electronic structure of carbonyl basket-handle Fe2+ porphyrins as a function of the basket-handle chain length have been studied by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, both in the solid state and in toluene solution. The Fe-C-O bond angle has been found to be linear in all compounds while the increasing distortion of the macrocycle with shortening of the chain length is indicated by the multiple scattering resonance in the heme plane appearing at 22 eV in the XANES spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cartier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique, U.A.C.N.R.S. 420, Université de Paris Sud, Orsay, France
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363
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Chan KS, Chen XM, Mak TC. A sterically hindered and highly lipophilic metalloporphyrin: Crystal and molecular structure of meso-tetrakis(3,5-di-t-butylphenyl)porphyrin-iridium(III) carbonyl chloride. Polyhedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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364
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Buchler JW, De Cian A, Elschner S, Fischer J, Hammerschmitt P, Weiss R. Metal Complexes with Tetrapyrrole Ligands, LXI. Structure and Products of Electrochemical Oxidation of Zirconium(IV) and Hafnium(IV) Bisporphyrinate Double-Deckers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19921250118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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365
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Senge MO, Smith KM. STRUCTURE and CONFORMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS and RELATED COMPOUNDS. 2. NICKEL (II) METHYL PYROPHEOPHORBIDE a–A SEVERELY ISTORTED CHLOROPHYLL DERIVATIVE. Photochem Photobiol 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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366
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Buchler JW, Cian AD, Fischer J, Hammerschmitt P, Weiss R. Metal Complexes with Tetrapyrrole Ligands, LVIII. Zirconium(IV) and Hafnium(IV) Bisporphyrinate Double Deckers: Synthesis, Spectra, Redox Potentials, and Structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19911240511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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367
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The role of the axial ligand in meso-tetraarylmetalloporphyrin models of the P-450 cytochromes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(91)85027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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368
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Körber FCF, Smith JRL, Prince S, Rizkallah P, Reynolds CD, Shawcross DR. Crystal structure of monomeric hydrated iron(III) 5,10,15,20-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrin pentachloride; an ionic haem model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9910003291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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369
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Glusker JP. Structural aspects of metal liganding to functional groups in proteins. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 1991; 42:1-76. [PMID: 1793004 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Glusker
- Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
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370
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Buchler JW, Cian AD, Fischer J, Kruppa SB, Weiss R. Metal complexes with tetrapyrrole ligands, LVII. Synthesis, spectra, and structure of nitridorhenium(V) porphyrins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19901231204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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371
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Higgins TB, Safo MK, Scheidt W. Molecular structure of bis(1-methylimidazole)(meso-tetraphenylporphinato)iron(III) perchlorate. Inorganica Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)86790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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372
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Povlock SL, Dennis LA, Geiger DK. The effect of mixed phthalocyanine-porphyrin in aggregation on the photoreduction of manganese porphyrins. Inorganica Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)84859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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373
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Song H, Scheidt W. Crystal structure of the bis-pocket porphyrin aquo(tetramesitylporphinato)zinc(II). Inorganica Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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374
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Hatano K, Uno T. Preparation and Molecular Structure of (Methoxo)(octaethylporphinato)iron (III). BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1990. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.63.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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375
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Spiro TG, Czernuszewicz RS, Li XY. Metalloporphyrin structure and dynamics from resonance raman spectroscopy. Coord Chem Rev 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0010-8545(90)85019-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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376
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Crystal and molecular structure of 10-(4′-N-pyridyl)-5,15,20-triphenylporphinato indium(III) chloride. Polyhedron 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)86767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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377
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EXAFS Spectroscopy of heme-containing oxygenases and peroxidases. METAL COMPLEXES WITH TETRAPYRROLE LIGANDS II 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-52899-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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378
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Steup MB, Muhoberac BB. Preparation and spectral characterization of the heme d1.apomyoglobin complex: an unusual protein environment for the substrate-binding heme of Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase. J Inorg Biochem 1989; 37:233-57. [PMID: 2557389 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(89)80045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The heme d1 prosthetic group isolated from Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase combines with apomyoglobin to form a stable, optically well-defined complex. Addition of ferric heme d1 quenches apomyoglobin tryptophan fluorescence suggesting association in a 1:1 molar ratio. Optical absorption maxima for heme d1.apomyoglobin are at 629 and 429 nm before, and 632 and 458 nm after dithionite reduction; they are distinct from those of heme d1 in aqueous solution but more similar to those unobscured by heme c in Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase. Cyanide, carbon monoxide and imidazole alter the spectrum of heme d1.apomyoglobin demonstrating axial coordination to heme d1 by exogeneous ligands. The cyanide-induced optical difference spectra exhibit isosbestic points, and a Scatchard-like analysis yields a linear plot with an apparent dissociation constant of 4.2 X 10(-5) M. However, carbon monoxide induces two absorption spectra with Soret maxima at 454 or 467 nm, and this duplicity, along with a shoulder that correlates with the latter before binding, suggests multiple carbon monoxide and possibly heme d1 orientations within the globin. The 50-fold reduction in cyanide affinity over myoglobin is more consistent with altered heme pocket interactions than the intrinsic electronic differences between the two hemes. However, stability of the heme d1.apomyoglobin complex is verified further by the inability to separate heme d1 from globin during dialysis and column chromatography in excess cyanide or imidazole. This stability, together with a comparison between spectra of ligand-free and -bound derivatives of heme d1-apomyoglobin and heme d1 in solution, implies that the prosthetic group is coordinated in the heme pocket through a protein-donated, strong-field ligand. Furthermore, the visible spectrum of heme d1.apomyoglobin varies minimally with ligand exchange, in contrast to the Soret, which suggests that much spectral information concerning heme d1 coordination in the oxidase is lost by interference from heme c absorption bands. A comparison of the absorption spectra of heme d1.apomyoglobin and Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase, together with a critical examination of the previous axial ligand assignments from magnetic resonance techniques in the latter, implies that it is premature to accept the assignment of bishistidine heme d1 coordination in oxidized, ligand-free oxidase and other iron-isobacteriochlorin-containing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Steup
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis
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379
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Geiger DK, Kelly CA. Mixed aggregates of phthalocyanines and porphyrins bearing oppositely charged substituents. Inorganica Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)90129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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