401
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Kim Y, Kim G. Collagen/alginate scaffolds comprising core (PCL)–shell (collagen/alginate) struts for hard tissue regeneration: fabrication, characterisation, and cellular activities. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3185-3194. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20485e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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402
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Dickerson MB, Sierra AA, Bedford NM, Lyon WJ, Gruner WE, Mirau PA, Naik RR. Keratin-based antimicrobial textiles, films, and nanofibers. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:5505-5514. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20896f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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403
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Tissue Engineering with Decellularized Tissues. Biomater Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-087780-8.00140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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404
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Serpooshan V, Quinn TM, Muja N, Nazhat SN. Hydraulic permeability of multilayered collagen gel scaffolds under plastic compression-induced unidirectional fluid flow. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:4673-80. [PMID: 22947324 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Under conditions of free fluid flow, highly hydrated fibrillar collagen gels expel fluid and undergo gravity driven consolidation (self-compression; SC). This process can be accelerated by the application of a compressive stress (plastic compression; PC) in order to generate dense collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering. To define the microstructural evolution of collagen gels under PC, this study applied a two-layer micromechanical model that was previously developed to measure hydraulic permeability (k) under SC. Radially confined PC resulted in unidirectional fluid flow through the gel and the formation of a dense lamella at the fluid expulsion boundary which was confirmed by confocal microscopy of collagen immunoreactivity. Gel mass loss due to PC and subsequent SC were measured and applied to Darcy's law to calculate the thickness of the lamella and hydrated layer, as well as their relative permeabilities. Increasing PC level resulted in a significant increase in mass loss fraction and lamellar thickness, while the thickness of the hydrated layer dramatically decreased. Permeability of lamella also decreased from 1.8×10(-15) to 1.0×10(-15) m(2) in response to an increase in PC level. Ongoing SC, following PC, resulted in a uniform decrease in mass loss and k with increasing PC level and as a function SC time. Experimental k data were in close agreement with those estimated by the Happel model. Calculation of average k values for various two-layer microstructures indicated that they each approached 10(-15)-10(-14) m(2) at equilibrium. In summary, the two-layer micromechanical model can be used to define the microstructure and permeability of multi-layered biomimetic scaffolds generated by PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Serpooshan
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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405
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Taraballi F, Zanini S, Lupo C, Panseri S, Cunha C, Riccardi C, Marcacci M, Campione M, Cipolla L. Amino and carboxyl plasma functionalization of collagen films for tissue engineering applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 394:590-7. [PMID: 23266023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Type I collagen films have been functionalized on their surfaces by plasma treatment with carboxyl and amino groups to improve their potential for grafting bioactive molecules. The physico-chemical properties of the plasma-treated films were evaluated and compared to the untreated materials by water contact angle, SEM and AFM. The presence of new functional groups on the film surfaces has been assessed by ATR-FTIR spectra after chemical derivatization. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the plasma-treated films was studied with MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells, evaluating cell proliferation, viability and morphology at 1, 3 and 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Taraballi
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
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406
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Chan JM, Zervantonakis IK, Rimchala T, Polacheck WJ, Whisler J, Kamm RD. Engineering of in vitro 3D capillary beds by self-directed angiogenic sprouting. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50582. [PMID: 23226527 PMCID: PMC3514279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microfluidic systems have been used to study fundamental aspects of angiogenesis through the patterning of single-layered, linear or geometric vascular channels. In vivo, however, capillaries exist in complex, three-dimensional (3D) networks, and angiogenic sprouting occurs with a degree of unpredictability in all x,y,z planes. The ability to generate capillary beds in vitro that can support thick, biological tissues remains a key challenge to the regeneration of vital organs. Here, we report the engineering of 3D capillary beds in an in vitro microfluidic platform that is comprised of a biocompatible collagen I gel supported by a mechanical framework of alginate beads. The engineered vessels have patent lumens, form robust ∼1.5 mm capillary networks across the devices, and support the perfusion of 1 µm fluorescent beads through them. In addition, the alginate beads offer a modular method to encapsulate and co-culture cells that either promote angiogenesis or require perfusion for cell viability in engineered tissue constructs. This laboratory-constructed vascular supply may be clinically significant for the engineering of capillary beds and higher order biological tissues in a scalable and modular manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. Chan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tharathorn Rimchala
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - William J. Polacheck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jordan Whisler
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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407
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Schwarz S, Elsaesser AF, Koerber L, Goldberg-Bockhorn E, Seitz AM, Bermueller C, Dürselen L, Ignatius A, Breiter R, Rotter N. Processed xenogenic cartilage as innovative biomatrix for cartilage tissue engineering: effects on chondrocyte differentiation and function. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012. [PMID: 23193064 DOI: 10.1002/term.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One key point in the development of new bioimplant matrices for the reconstruction and replacement of cartilage defects is to provide an adequate microenvironment to ensure chondrocyte migration and de novo synthesis of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM). A recently developed decellularization and sterilization process maintains the three-dimensional (3D) collagen structure of native septal cartilage while increasing matrix porosity, which is considered to be crucial for cartilage tissue engineering. Human primary nasal septal chondrocytes were amplified in monolayer culture and 3D-cultured on processed porcine nasal septal cartilage scaffolds. The influence of chondrogenic growth factors on neosynthesis of ECM proteins was examined at the protein and gene expression levels. Seeding experiments demonstrated that processed xenogenic cartilage matrices provide excellent environmental properties for human nasal septal chondrocytes with respect to cell adhesion, migration into the matrix and neosynthesis of cartilage-specific ECM proteins, such as collagen type II and aggrecan. Matrix biomechanical stability indicated that the constructs retrieve full stability and function during 3D culture for up to 42 days, proportional to collagen type II and GAG production. Thus, processed xenogenic cartilage offers a suitable environment for human nasal chondrocytes and has promising potential for cartilage tissue engineering in the head and neck region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Schwarz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ulm University Medical Centre, Germany.
| | | | - Ludwig Koerber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Andreas M Seitz
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Musculoskeletal Research Ulm, University of Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Lutz Dürselen
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Musculoskeletal Research Ulm, University of Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Musculoskeletal Research Ulm, University of Ulm, Germany
| | - Roman Breiter
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ulm University Medical Centre, Germany
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408
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Giannoni P, Lazzarini E, Ceseracciu L, Barone AC, Quarto R, Scaglione S. Design and characterization of a tissue-engineered bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 9:1182-92. [PMID: 23172816 DOI: 10.1002/term.1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects relies on osteochondral bilayer grafts, which mimic the microenvironment and structure of the two affected tissues: articular cartilage and subchondral bone. However, the integrity and stability of the grafts are hampered by the presence of a weak interphase, generated by the layering processes of scaffold manufacturing. We describe here the design and development of a bilayer monolithic osteochondral graft, avoiding delamination of the two distinct layers but preserving the cues for selective generation of cartilage and bone. A highly porous polycaprolactone-based graft was obtained by combining solvent casting/particulate leaching techniques. Pore structure and interconnections were designed to favour in vivo vascularization only at the bony layer. Hydroxyapatite granules were added as bioactive signals at the site of bone regeneration. Unconfined compressive tests displayed optimal elastic properties and low residual deformation of the graft after unloading (< 3%). The structural integrity of the graft was successfully validated by tension fracture tests, revealing high resistance to delamination, since fractures were never displayed at the interface of the layers (n = 8). Ectopic implantation of grafts in nude mice, after seeding with bovine trabecular bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells and bovine articular chondrocytes, resulted in thick areas of mature bone surrounding ceramic granules within the bony layer, and a cartilaginous alcianophilic matrix in the chondral layer. Vascularization was mostly observed in the bony layer, with a statistically significant higher blood vessel density and mean area. Thus, the easily generated osteochondral scaffolds, since they are mechanically and biologically functional, are suitable for tissue-engineering applications for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica Lazzarini
- Centro Biotecnologie Avanzate (CBA), Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Alberto C Barone
- National Research Council of Italy, ISTEC Institute, Faenza, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Centro Biotecnologie Avanzate (CBA), Genoa, Italy. .,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Scaglione
- Centro Biotecnologie Avanzate (CBA), Genoa, Italy.,National Research Council of Italy, IEIIT Institute, Genoa, Italy
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409
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Montgomery H, Rustogi N, Hadjisavvas A, Tanaka K, Kyriacou K, Sutton CW. Proteomic profiling of breast tissue collagens and site-specific characterization of hydroxyproline residues of collagen alpha-1-(I). J Proteome Res 2012; 11:5890-902. [PMID: 23110299 DOI: 10.1021/pr300656r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In a quantitative proteomics-based breast cancer study of complementary normal and tumor biopsies, 22 collagen isoforms were detected by LC-MALDI TOF/TOF MS. By applying proline oxidation, representing hydroxyproline, in database search parameters a substantial increase in assigned MS/MS was achieved, boosting the average (three experiments) number of peptides from 306 to 8126 for collagen alpha-1(I). The plethora of peptide identities for alpha-1(I) was disproportionate with full length protein sequence coverage which only increased from 28.3 to 64.4%. The peptides, in fact, constituted an extensive two-dimensional array of isomers exhibiting heterogeneity in degree and location of hydroxyproline residues. A total of 3433 peptides, scores>36 (p<0.01), constituting 94% of the triple helix region of collagen alpha-1(I) provided a census of proline hydroxylation levels defined as the rate of site occupancy for each peptide isomer (r) and the total site occupancy for each proline residue (t). MS/MS and MS/MS/MS analysis, by MALDI-QIT-TOF MS, was used to corroborate site-specific proline hydroxylation of the original data. In addition, iTRAQ data for each collagen isoform in each of 10 patients (grouped by disease) was determined and indicated an increase in fibrillar collagens in invasive carcinoma but little change in fibroadenoma or DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Montgomery
- Koichi Tanaka Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Manchester, United Kingdom
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410
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Amruthwar SS, Janorkar AV. In vitro evaluation of elastin-like polypeptide-collagen composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2012; 29:211-20. [PMID: 23127995 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Collagen and elastin are two key structural proteins found in the extra-cellular matrices (ECMs) of most tissues, yet very little is known about the response of bone cells to elastin or its derivatives. Recently, we have designed and characterized a novel class of ECM-based composite scaffolds with collagen and a genetically engineered polymer, elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) and subsequently showed their superior mechanical properties and drug release characteristics compared to collagen scaffolds. The objective of this research was to evaluate osteoblast growth and expression on these composite scaffolds. METHODS A thorough biochemical and morphological characterization was performed on MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells cultured on collagen and ELP-collagen scaffolds. Cell viability was assessed using a live/dead assay. Total DNA content of all cells present on various surfaces was quantified. Pre-osteoblast differentiation was assessed by measuring the alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin production. Mineral deposition by the cultured cells was visualized using the Von Kossa stain. RESULTS Our results showed that the ELP-collagen scaffolds were suitable substrates for cell culture that allowed MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell attachment, differentiation, and subsequent mineralization over a period of 3 weeks. The ELP-collagen scaffolds displayed equivalent biocompatibility and cell-interacting properties to those of the neat collagen scaffolds. SIGNIFICANCE The novel ELP-collagen composite material may have future implications as a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering applications, for example, the treatment of alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti S Amruthwar
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States
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411
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Tsuji W, Inamoto T, Ito R, Morimoto N, Tabata Y, Toi M. Simple and longstanding adipose tissue engineering in rabbits. J Artif Organs 2012; 16:110-4. [PMID: 23114565 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-012-0670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue engineering for breast reconstruction can be performed for patients who have undergone breast surgery. We have previously confirmed adipogenesis in mice implanted with type I collagen sponge with controlled release of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. However, in order to use this approach to treat breast cancer patients, a large amount of adipose tissue is needed, and FGF2 is not readily available. Thus, we aimed to regenerate large amounts of adipose tissue without FGF2 for a long period. Under general anesthesia, cages made of polypropylene mesh were implanted into the rabbits' bilateral fat pads. Each cage was 10 mm in radius and 10 mm in height. Minced type I collagen sponge was injected as a scaffold into the cage. Regenerated tissue in the cage was examined with ultrasonography, and the cages were harvested 3, 6, and 12 months after the implantation. Ultrasonography revealed a gradually increasing homogeneous high-echo area in the cage. Histology of the specimen was assessed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The percentages of regenerated adipose tissue area were 76.2 ± 13.0 and 92.8 ± 6.6 % at 6 and 12 months after the implantation, respectively. Our results showed de novo adipogenesis 12 months after the implantation of only type I collagen sponge inside the space. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive and useful method of assessing the growth of the tissue inside the cage. This simple method could be a promising clinical modality in breast reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Tsuji
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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412
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Kagawa R, Kishino M, Sato S, Ishida K, Ogawa Y, Ikebe K, Oya K, Ishimoto T, Nakano T, Maeda Y, Komori T, Toyosawa S. Chronological histological changes during bone regeneration on a non-crosslinked atelocollagen matrix. J Bone Miner Metab 2012; 30:638-50. [PMID: 22864413 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-012-0376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cleavage of the antigenic telopeptide region from type I collagen yields atelocollagen, and this is widely used as a scaffold for bone regeneration combined with cells, growth factors, etc. However, neither the biological effect of atelocollagen alone or its contribution to bone regeneration has been well studied. We evaluated the chronological histological changes during bone regeneration following implantation of non-crosslinked atelocollagen (Koken Co., Ltd.) in rat calvarial defects. One week after implantation, osteogenic cells positive for runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteoclasts positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were present in the atelocollagen implant in the absence of bone formation. The number of Runx2-positive osteogenic cells and Osterix-positive osteoblasts increased 2 weeks after implantation, and bone matrix proteins (osteopontin, OPN; osteocalcin, OC; dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1) were distributed in newly formed bone in a way comparable to normal bone. Some resorption cavities containing osteoclasts were also present. By 3 weeks after implantation, most of the implanted atelocollagen was replaced by new bone containing many resorption cavities, and OPN, OC, and DMP1 were deposited in the residual collagenous matrix. After 4 weeks, nearly all of the atelocollagen implant was replaced with new bone including hematopoietic marrow. Immunohistochemistry for the telopeptide region of type I collagen (TeloCOL1) during these processes demonstrated that the TeloCOL1-negative atelocollagen implant was replaced by TeloCOL1-positive collagenous matrix and new bone, indicating that new bone was mostly composed of endogenous type I collagen. These findings suggest that the atelocollagen itself can support bone regeneration by promoting osteoblast differentiation and type I collagen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kagawa
- Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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413
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Enhancement of neurite outgrowth in neuron cancer stem cells by growth on 3-D collagen scaffolds. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 428:68-73. [PMID: 23047009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is one component of the extracellular matrix that has been widely used for constructive remodeling to facilitate cell growth and differentiation. The 3-D distribution and growth of cells within the porous scaffold suggest a clinical significance for nerve tissue engineering. In the current study, we investigated proliferation and differentiation of neuron cancer stem cells (NCSCs) on a 3-D porous collagen scaffold that mimics the natural extracellular matrix. We first generated green fluorescence protein (GFP) expressing NCSCs using a lentiviral system to instantly monitor the transitions of morphological changes during growth on the 3-D scaffold. We found that proliferation of GFP-NCSCs increased, and a single cell mass rapidly grew with unrestricted expansion between days 3 and 9 in culture. Moreover, immunostaining with neuronal nuclei (NeuN) revealed that NCSCs grown on the 3-D collagen scaffold significantly enhanced neurite outgrowth. Our findings confirmed that the 80 μm porous collagen scaffold could enhance attachment, viability and differentiation of the cancer neural stem cells. This result could provide a new application for nerve tissue engineering and nerve regeneration.
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414
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Renth AN, Detamore MS. Leveraging "raw materials" as building blocks and bioactive signals in regenerative medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2012; 18:341-62. [PMID: 22462759 PMCID: PMC3458620 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Components found within the extracellular matrix (ECM) have emerged as an essential subset of biomaterials for tissue engineering scaffolds. Collagen, glycosaminoglycans, bioceramics, and ECM-based matrices are the main categories of "raw materials" used in a wide variety of tissue engineering strategies. The advantages of raw materials include their inherent ability to create a microenvironment that contains physical, chemical, and mechanical cues similar to native tissue, which prove unmatched by synthetic biomaterials alone. Moreover, these raw materials provide a head start in the regeneration of tissues by providing building blocks to be bioresorbed and incorporated into the tissue as opposed to being biodegraded into waste products and removed. This article reviews the strategies and applications of employing raw materials as components of tissue engineering constructs. Utilizing raw materials holds the potential to provide both a scaffold and a signal, perhaps even without the addition of exogenous growth factors or cytokines. Raw materials contain endogenous proteins that may also help to improve the translational success of tissue engineering solutions to progress from laboratory bench to clinical therapies. Traditionally, the tissue engineering triad has included cells, signals, and materials. Whether raw materials represent their own new paradigm or are categorized as a bridge between signals and materials, it is clear that they have emerged as a leading strategy in regenerative medicine. The common use of raw materials in commercial products as well as their growing presence in the research community speak to their potential. However, there has heretofore not been a coordinated or organized effort to classify these approaches, and as such we recommend that the use of raw materials be introduced into the collective consciousness of our field as a recognized classification of regenerative medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N. Renth
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Michael S. Detamore
- Bioengineering Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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415
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Schofer MD, Tünnermann L, Kaiser H, Roessler PP, Theisen C, Heverhagen JT, Hering J, Voelker M, Agarwal S, Efe T, Fuchs-Winkelmann S, Paletta JRJ. Functionalisation of PLLA nanofiber scaffolds using a possible cooperative effect between collagen type I and BMP-2: impact on colonization and bone formation in vivo. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:2227-33. [PMID: 22718044 PMCID: PMC3431465 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The reconstruction of large bone defects after injury or tumor resection often requires the use of bone substitution. Artificial scaffolds based on synthetic biomaterials can overcome disadvantages of autologous bone grafts, like limited availability and donor side morbidity. Among them, scaffolds based on nanofibers offer great advantages. They mimic the extracellular matrix, can be used as a carrier for growth factors and allow the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Differentiation is triggered by a series of signaling processes, including integrin and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which act in a cooperative manner. The aim of this study was to analyze whether these processes can be remodeled in artificial poly-(l)-lactide acid (PLLA) based nanofiber scaffolds in vivo. Electrospun matrices composed of PLLA-collagen type I or BMP-2 incorporated PLLA-collagen type I were implanted in calvarial critical size defects in rats. Cranial CT-scans were taken 4, 8 and 12 weeks after implantation. Specimens obtained after euthanasia were processed for histology and immunostainings on osteocalcin, BMP-2 and Smad5. After implantation the scaffolds were inhomogeneously colonized and cells were only present in wrinkle- or channel-like structures. Ossification was detected only in focal areas of the scaffold. This was independent of whether BMP-2 was incorporated in the scaffold. However, cells that migrated into the scaffold showed an increased ratio of osteocalcin and Smad5 positive cells compared to empty defects. Furthermore, in case of BMP-2 incorporated PLLA-collagen type I scaffolds, 4 weeks after implantation approximately 40 % of the cells stained positive for BMP-2 indicating an autocrine process of the ingrown cells. These findings indicate that a cooperative effect between BMP-2 and collagen type I can be transferred to PLLA nanofibers and furthermore, that this effect is active in vivo. However, this had no effect on bone formation. The reason for this seems to be an unbalanced colonization of the scaffolds with cells, due to insufficient pore size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D. Schofer
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Tünnermann
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hendric Kaiser
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Philip P. Roessler
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christina Theisen
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes T. Heverhagen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Hering
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Voelker
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Turgay Efe
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Fuchs-Winkelmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen R. J. Paletta
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Philipps-University, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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416
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Lee JS, Jin GH, Yeo MG, Jang CH, Lee H, Kim GH. Fabrication of electrospun biocomposites comprising polycaprolactone/fucoidan for tissue regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:181-8. [PMID: 24751028 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed a new biocomposite comprising electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/fucoidan, in which the fucoidan has various beneficial biological functions, including anticoagulant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activity. To obtain the composite scaffolds, a mixture of PCL and fucoidan was electrospun using various compositions (1, 2, 3, and 10 wt.%) of fucoidan powders. The resultant electrospun composites exhibited improved tensile modulus and strength for limited weight fractions (<10 wt.%) of fucoidan when compared with the pure PCL fiber mats. In addition, the biocomposites showed dramatic hydrophilic properties at >3 wt.% of fucoidan in the PCL/fucoidan. The biocompatibility of the electrospun mats was examined in vitro using osteoblast-like cells (MG63). Total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium mineralization were assessed. Scanning electron microscopic images showed that the cells were distributed more widely and were agglomerated on PCL/fucoidan mats compared with pure PCL mats. In addition, total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium mineralization were higher with PCL/fucoidan mats than with pure PCL mats. These observations suggest that fucoidan-supplemented biocomposites would make excellent materials for tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Seok Lee
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hyun Jin
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Gu Yeo
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Ho Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Haengnam Lee
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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417
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Ferreira AM, Gentile P, Chiono V, Ciardelli G. Collagen for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3191-200. [PMID: 22705634 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, increased knowledge about the organization, structure and properties of collagen (particularly concerning interactions between cells and collagen-based materials) has inspired scientists and engineers to design innovative collagen-based biomaterials and to develop novel tissue-engineering products. The design of resorbable collagen-based medical implants requires understanding the tissue/organ anatomy and biological function as well as the role of collagen's physicochemical properties and structure in tissue/organ regeneration. Bone is a complex tissue that plays a critical role in diverse metabolic processes mediated by calcium delivery as well as in hematopoiesis whilst maintaining skeleton strength. A wide variety of collagen-based scaffolds have been proposed for different tissue engineering applications. These scaffolds are designed to promote a biological response, such as cell interaction, and to work as artificial biomimetic extracellular matrices that guide tissue regeneration. This paper critically reviews the current understanding of the complex hierarchical structure and properties of native collagen molecules, and describes the scientific challenge of manufacturing collagen-based materials with suitable properties and shapes for specific biomedical applications, with special emphasis on bone tissue engineering. The analysis of the state of the art in the field reveals the presence of innovative techniques for scaffold and material manufacturing that are currently opening the way to the preparation of biomimetic substrates that modulate cell interaction for improved substitution, restoration, retention or enhancement of bone tissue function.
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418
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Bax DV, Tipa RS, Kondyurin A, Higgins MJ, Tsoutas K, Gelmi A, Wallace GG, McKenzie DR, Weiss AS, Bilek MMM. Cell patterning via linker-free protein functionalization of an organic conducting polymer (polypyrrole) electrode. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:2538-48. [PMID: 22426287 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of proteins and cells with polymers is critical to their use in scientific and medical applications. In this study, plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) was used to modify the surface of the conducting polymer, polypyrrole, which possesses electrical properties. PIII treatment enabled persistent, covalent binding of the cell adhesive protein, tropoelastin, without employing chemical linking molecules. In contrast tropoelastin was readily eluted from the untreated surface. Through this differential persistence of binding, surface bound tropoelastin supported cell adhesion and spreading on the PIII treated but not the untreated polypyrrole surface. The application of a steel shadow mask during PIII treatment allowed for spatial definition of tropoelastin exclusively to PIII treated regions. The general applicability of this approach to other extracellular matrix proteins was illustrated using collagen I, which displayed similar results to tropoelastin but required extended washing conditions. This approach allowed fine patterning of cell adhesion and spreading to tropoelastin and collagen, specifically on PIII treated polypyrrole regions. We therefore present a methodology to alter the functionality of polypyrrole surfaces, generating surfaces that can spatially control cellular interactions through protein functionalization with the potential for electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Bax
- Applied and Plasma Physics, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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419
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Magarian EM, Vavken P, Connolly SA, Mastrangelo AN, Murray MM. Safety of intra-articular use of atelocollagen for enhanced tissue repair. Open Orthop J 2012; 6:231-8. [PMID: 22802918 PMCID: PMC3395883 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001206010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is an important biomaterial in intra-articular tissue engineering, but there are unanswered questions about its safety. We hypothesize that the addition of type-I-collagen for primary repair of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) might result in a local and systemic reaction in a porcine model after 15 weeks as demonstrated by joint effusion, synovial thickening, elevated intraarticular and systemic leukocyte counts. Further, this reaction might be aggravated by the addition of a platelet concentrate. Eighteen porcine ACLs were transected and repaired with either sutures (n=6), a collagen sponge (n=6), or a collagen-platelet-composite (CPC; n=6). Twelve intact contralateral knees served as controls (n=12). No significant synovial thickening or joint effusion was seen in the collagen-treated knees. Synovial fluid leukocyte counts showed no significant differences between surgically treated and intact knees, and no differences were seen in leukocyte counts of the peripheral blood. The addition of a platelet concentrate to the knee joint resulted in lower serum levels of IL-1β, but serum levels of TNF-α were not significantly different between groups. In conclusion, the presence of collagen, with or without added platelets, did not increase the local or systemic inflammatory reactions following surgery, suggesting that Type I collagen is safe to use in the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise M Magarian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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420
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Zhang L, Yuan T, Guo L, Zhang X. An in vitro study of collagen hydrogel to induce the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:2717-25. [PMID: 22623365 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It is controversial whether a biomaterial itself, rather than addition of any exogenous growth factor, could induce mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into chondrogenic lineage, further to regenerate cartilage. Previous studies have shown that collagen-based hydrogel could induce MSCs to differentiate into chondrocytes in vivo but the in vitro studies only have a few reports. The evidence that biomaterials could induce chondrogenesis is not adequate. In this study, we tried to address whether type I collagen hydrogel has chondro-inductive capability in vitro and how this scaffold induces MSCs to generate cartilage tissue without exogenous growth factors in the culture medium. We encapsulated neonatal rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in type I collagen hydrogel homogeneously or implanted cell aggregates in hydrogel, and cultured them in nonchondrogenic inductive media. After at least 28 days culture, cells in the homogeneous group were tending to chondrogenic differentiation while cell density was high, and cells in the aggregate group have almost gone through chondrogenesis and formed neo-cartilage tissue with abundant specific extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. These results indicate collagen hydrogel has inherent inductivity for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and the optimum specification and tissue formation were accompanied with local high cell density. This research suggests a feasible strategy to induce the chondro differentiation of BMSCs independent of exogenous growth factors, which may greatly contribute to clinical cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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421
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Sato M, Shin-ya K, Lee JI, Ishihara M, Nagai T, Kaneshiro N, Mitani G, Tahara H, Mochida J. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase and glucose-regulated protein 78 increase the life span of articular chondrocytes and their repair potential. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012; 13:51. [PMID: 22472071 PMCID: PMC3349494 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Like all mammalian cells, normal adult chondrocytes have a limited replicative life span, which decreases with age. To facilitate the therapeutic use of chondrocytes from older donors, a method is needed to prolong their life span. Methods We transfected chondrocytes with hTERT or GRP78 and cultured them in a 3-dimensional atelocollagen honeycomb-shaped scaffold with a membrane seal. Then, we measured the amount of nuclear DNA and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the expression level of type II collagen as markers of cell proliferation and extracellular matrix formation, respectively, in these cultures. In addition, we allografted this tissue-engineered cartilage into osteochondral defects in old rabbits to assess their repair activity in vivo. Results Our results showed different degrees of differentiation in terms of GAG content between chondrocytes from old and young rabbits. Chondrocytes that were cotransfected with hTERT and GRP78 showed higher cellular proliferation and expression of type II collagen than those of nontransfected chondrocytes, regardless of the age of the cartilage donor. In addition, the in vitro growth rates of hTERT- or GRP78-transfected chondrocytes were higher than those of nontransfected chondrocytes, regardless of donor age. In vivo, the tissue-engineered cartilage implants exhibited strong repairing activity, maintained a chondrocyte-specific phenotype, and produced extracellular matrix components. Conclusions Focal gene delivery to aged articular chondrocytes exhibited strong repairing activity and may be therapeutically useful for articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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422
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Weng Y, Chen J, Tu Q, Li Q, Maitz MF, Huang N. Biomimetic modification of metallic cardiovascular biomaterials: from function mimicking to endothelialization in vivo. Interface Focus 2012; 2:356-65. [PMID: 23741611 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2011.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosystem-surface interactions play an important role in various biological events and determine the ultimate functionality of implanted devices. Endothelialization or mimicking of endothelium on the surface of cardiovascular materials is a promising way to solve the problems of material-induced thrombosis and restenosis. Meanwhile, a multifunctional surface design is needed as antithrombotic properties should be considered in the period when the implants are not yet completely endothelialized. In this article, we summarize some successful approaches used in our laboratory for constructing multifunctional endothelium-like surfaces on metallic cardiovascular biomaterials through chemical modification of the surface or by the introduction of specific biological molecules to induce self-endothelialization in vivo. Some directions on future research in these areas are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Weng
- Key Lab for Advanced Technologies of Materials , Ministry of Education , People's Republic of China
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423
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Matsui S, Yamazaki CM, Koide T. Surface-Modifiable Free-Floating Films Formed by Multiway Connection of Collagen-Like Triple-Helical Peptides. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:911-5. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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424
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Glotzbach J, Wong V, Levi B, Longaker M, Gurtner G. Delivery Strategies for Stem Cell-Based Therapy. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.3.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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425
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Othman SF, Curtis ET, Plautz SA, Pannier AK, Butler SD, Xu H. MR elastography monitoring of tissue-engineered constructs. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:452-463. [PMID: 21387443 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of tissue engineering (TE) is to create functional replacements for various tissues; the mechanical properties of these engineered constructs are critical to their function. Several techniques have been developed for the measurement of the mechanical properties of tissues and organs; however, current methods are destructive. The field of TE will benefit immensely if biomechanical models developed by these techniques could be combined with existing imaging modalities to enable noninvasive, dynamic assessment of mechanical properties during tissue growth. Specifically, MR elastography (MRE), which is based on the synchronization of a mechanical actuator with a phase contrast imaging pulse sequence, has the capacity to measure tissue strain generated by sonic cyclic displacement. The captured displacement is presented in shear wave images from which the complex shear moduli can be extracted or simplified by a direct measure, termed the shear stiffness. MRE has been extended to the microscopic scale, combining clinical MRE with high-field magnets, stronger magnetic field gradients and smaller, more sensitive, radiofrequency coils, enabling the interrogation of smaller samples, such as tissue-engineered constructs. The following topics are presented in this article: (i) current mechanical measurement techniques and their limitations in TE; (ii) a description of the MRE system, MRE theory and how it can be applied for the measurement of mechanical properties of tissue-engineered constructs; (iii) a summary of in vitro MRE work for the monitoring of osteogenic and adipogenic tissues originating from human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); (iv) preliminary in vivo studies of MRE of tissues originating from mouse MSCs implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice with an emphasis on in vivo MRE challenges; (v) future directions to resolve current issues with in vivo MRE in the context of how to improve the future role of MRE in TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi F Othman
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
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426
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Qin TW, Chen Q, Sun YL, Steinmann SP, Amadio PC, An KN, Zhao C. Mechanical characteristics of native tendon slices for tissue engineering scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:752-8. [PMID: 22323314 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the mechanical behavior of tendon slices with different thicknesses. Tendon slices of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 μm thickness were mechanically tested. The 300 μm slices were further tested for strength and modulus after 21,000-cycle fatigue testing under different applied strain levels (0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 12%). The tendon slice structure, morphology, and viability of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) seeded onto the slices were also examined with histology, scanning electron microscopy, and vital cell labeling, respectively. Tendon slices 300 μm or more in thickness had similar ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus to the intact tendon bundle. A strain of 5% or less did not cause any structural damage, nor did it change the mechanical properties of a 300 μm-thick tendon slice after 21,000-cycle fatigue testing. BMSCs were viable between and on the tendon slices after 2 weeks in tissue culture. This study demonstrated that, if tendon slices are used as a scaffold for tendon tissue engineering, slices 300 μm or more in thickness would be preferable from a mechanical strength point of view. If mechanical stimulation is performed for seeded-cell preparations, 5% strain or less would be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wu Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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427
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Pati F, Datta P, Adhikari B, Dhara S, Ghosh K, Mohapatra PKD. Collagen scaffolds derived from fresh water fish origin and their biocompatibility. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1068-79. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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428
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Xu C, Lu W, Bian S, Liang J, Fan Y, Zhang X. Porous collagen scaffold reinforced with surfaced activated PLLA nanoparticles. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:695137. [PMID: 22448137 PMCID: PMC3289944 DOI: 10.1100/2012/695137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous collagen scaffold is integrated with surface activated PLLA nanoparticles fabricated by lyophilizing and crosslinking via EDC treatment. In order to prepare surface-modified PLLA nanoparticles, PLLA was firstly grafted with poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) through surface-initiated polymerization of acrylic acid. Nanoparticles of average diameter 316 nm and zeta potential −39.88 mV were obtained from the such-treated PLLA by dialysis method. Porous collagen scaffold were fabricated by mixing PLLA nanoparticles with collagen solution, freeze drying, and crosslinking with EDC. SEM observation revealed that nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in collagen matrix, forming interconnected porous structure with pore size ranging from 150 to 200 μm, irrespective of the amount of nanoparticles. The porosity of the scaffolds kept almost unchanged with the increment of the nanoparticles, whereas the mechanical property was obviously improved, and the degradation was effectively retarded. In vitro L929 mouse fibroblast cells seeding and culture studies revealed that cells infiltrated into the scaffolds and were distributed homogeneously. Compared with the pure collagen sponge, the number of cells in hybrid scaffolds greatly increased with the increment of incorporated nanoparticles. These results manifested that the surface-activated PLLA nanoparticles effectively reinforced the porous collagen scaffold and promoted the cells penetrating into the scaffold, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu 610064, China
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429
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Gourdie RG, Myers TA, McFadden A, Li YX, Potts JD. Self-organizing tissue-engineered constructs in collagen hydrogels. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2012; 18:99-106. [PMID: 22214557 PMCID: PMC5152913 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927611012372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel self-organizing behavior of cellularized gels composed of collagen type 1 that may have utility for tissue engineering is described. Depending on the starting geometry of the tissue culture well, toroidal rings of cells or hollow spheroids were prompted to form autonomously when cells were seeded onto the top of gels and the gels released from attachment to the culture well 12 to 24 h after seeding. Cells within toroids assumed distinct patterns of alignment not seen in control gels in which cells had been mixed in. In control gels, cells formed complex three-dimensional arrangements and assumed relatively higher levels of heterogeneity in expression of the fibronectin splice variant ED-A--a marker of epithelial mesenchymal transformation. The tissue-like constructs resulting from this novel self-organizing behavior may have uses in wound healing and regenerative medicine, as well as building blocks for the iterative assembly of synthetic biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Gourdie
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, MUSC, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Tereance A. Myers
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, MUSC, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Alex McFadden
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Program in Bioengineering, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Yin-xiong Li
- South China Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jay D. Potts
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Program in Bioengineering, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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430
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Ahn S, Kim Y, Lee H, Kim G. A new hybrid scaffold constructed of solid freeform-fabricated PCL struts and collagen struts for bone tissue regeneration: fabrication, mechanical properties, and cellular activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33310d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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431
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Kim YB, Kim G. Rapid-prototyped collagen scaffolds reinforced with PCL/β-TCP nanofibres to obtain high cell seeding efficiency and enhanced mechanical properties for bone tissue regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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432
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Galler KM, D'Souza RN, Hartgerink JD, Schmalz G. Scaffolds for dental pulp tissue engineering. Adv Dent Res 2011; 23:333-9. [PMID: 21677088 DOI: 10.1177/0022034511405326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
For tissue engineering strategies, the choice of an appropriate scaffold is the first and certainly a crucial step. A vast variety of biomaterials is available: natural or synthetic polymers, extracellular matrix, self-assembling systems, hydrogels, or bioceramics. Each material offers a unique chemistry, composition and structure, degradation profile, and possibility for modification. The role of the scaffold has changed from passive carrier toward a bioactive matrix, which can induce a desired cellular behavior. Tailor-made materials for specific applications can be created. Recent approaches to generate dental pulp rely on established materials, such as collagen, polyester, chitosan, or hydroxyapatite. Results after transplantation show soft connective tissue formation and newly generated dentin. For dentin-pulp-complex engineering, aspects including vascularization, cell-matrix interactions, growth-factor incorporation, matrix degradation, mineralization, and contamination control should be considered. Self-assembling peptide hydrogels are an example of a smart material that can be modified to create customized matrices. Rational design of the peptide sequence allows for control of material stiffness, induction of mineral nucleation, or introduction of antibacterial activity. Cellular responses can be evoked by the incorporation of cell adhesion motifs, enzyme-cleavable sites, and suitable growth factors. The combination of inductive scaffold materials with stem cells might optimize the approaches for dentin-pulp complex regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Galler
- University of Regensburg, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Germany.
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433
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Watanabe M, Kurome M, Matsunari H, Nakano K, Umeyema K, Shiota A, Nakauchi H, Nagashima H. The creation of transgenic pigs expressing human proteins using BAC-derived, full-length genes and intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene transfer. Transgenic Res 2011; 21:605-18. [PMID: 22038447 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-011-9561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In most transgenic (Tg) animals created to date, a transgene consisting of the minimum promoter region linked to a cDNA has been used. However, transgenes on small plasmids are susceptible to the position effect, increasing the difficulty of controlling transgene expression. In this study, we attempted to create Tg pigs by intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene transfer (ICSI-MGT) using two large genomic transgenes derived from a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) containing the full genomic region encoding two human proteins, type I collagen and albumin. The production efficiencies (Tg piglets/live offspring) of type I collagen and albumin Tg pigs were 11.8% (6/51) and 18.2% (2/11), respectively. In all of the Tg pigs examined by real-time PCR analysis, tissue-specific expression of the transgene was confirmed (type I collagen: skin, tendon, vessels, genitalia; albumin: liver). The production of human proteins derived from BAC transgenes was also confirmed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis indicated that the BAC transgenes transferred into porcine oocytes by ICSI-MGT were integrated into single or multiple sites on the host chromosomes. These data demonstrate that Tg pigs expressing human proteins in a tissue-specific manner can be created using a BAC transgenic construct and the ICSI-MGT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Watanabe
- Nakauchi Stem Cell and Organ Regeneration Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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434
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Niu LN, Jiao K, Qi YP, Yiu CKY, Ryou H, Arola DD, Chen JH, Breschi L, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Infiltration of Silica Inside Fibrillar Collagen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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435
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Niu LN, Jiao K, Qi YP, Yiu CKY, Ryou H, Arola DD, Chen JH, Breschi L, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Infiltration of silica inside fibrillar collagen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11688-91. [PMID: 21983995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-na Niu
- School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
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436
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Alhag M, Farrell E, Toner M, Lee TC, O'Brien FJ, Claffey N. Evaluation of the ability of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds with or without mesenchymal stem cells to heal bone defects in Wistar rats. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 16:47-55. [PMID: 21968608 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-011-0299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this experiment was to examine the capacity of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds, with or without mesenchymal stem cells, to satisfactorily repair a 5-mm rat calvarial defect. METHODS Fifty-five Wistar rats were used in the study. The defects were either left empty to serve as controls (n = 7) or filled with cell-free scaffolds (n = 11), cell-seeded scaffolds that were pre-cultured in standard culture medium (n = 13), cell-seeded scaffolds that were pre-cultured in osteoinductive factor-supplemented medium (n = 12) or particulate autogenous bone (n = 12). The animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks after surgery, and specimens were prepared for histomorphometric analysis. The linear bone healing and the bone area within the defect were measured. RESULTS Comparable results were obtained using cell-free collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds and autogenous bone both in terms of linear bone healing (P < 0.986) and area of new bone (P < 0.846). While the test groups showed significantly more bone formation compared to the empty defect control group, the linear bone healing and area of new bone within the defect were significantly lower in the cell-seeded scaffolds than in the cell-free scaffolds. The results have demonstrated that a cell-free collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold is capable of repairing a 5-mm rat calvarial defect as effectively as autogenous bone and that seeding the scaffold with pre-cultured mesenchymal stem cells prior to implantation offered no beneficial effect and resulted in incomplete healing of the defect. CONCLUSIONS The results thus suggest that the scaffold has immense potential for tissue repair showing favorable osteoconductive properties, biocompatibility and degradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alhag
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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437
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Galler KM, Hartgerink JD, Cavender AC, Schmalz G, D'Souza RN. A customized self-assembling peptide hydrogel for dental pulp tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 18:176-84. [PMID: 21827280 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Root canal therapy is common practice in dentistry. During this procedure, the inflamed or necrotic dental pulp is removed and replaced with a synthetic material. However, recent research provides evidence that engineering of dental pulp and dentin is possible by using biologically driven approaches. As tissue engineering strategies hold the promise to soon supersede conventional root canal treatment, there is a need for customized scaffolds for stem cell delivery or recruitment. We hypothesize that the incorporation of dental pulp-derived stem cells with bioactive factors into such a scaffold can promote cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. In this study, we used a cell adhesive, enzyme-cleavable hydrogel made from self-assembling peptide nanofibers to encapsulate dental pulp stem cells. The growth factors (GFs) fibroblast growth factor basic, transforming growth factor β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor were incorporated into the hydrogel via heparin binding. Release profiles were established, and the influence of GFs on cell morphology and proliferation was assessed to confirm their bioactivity after binding and subsequent release. Cell morphology and spreading in three-dimensional cultures were visualized by using cell tracker and histologic stains. Subcutaneous transplantation of the hydrogel within dentin cylinders into immunocompromised mice led to the formation of a vascularized soft connective tissue similar to dental pulp. These data support the use of this novel biomaterial as a highly promising candidate for future treatment concepts in regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin M Galler
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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438
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Peterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
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439
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Schofer MD, Roessler PP, Schaefer J, Theisen C, Schlimme S, Heverhagen JT, Voelker M, Dersch R, Agarwal S, Fuchs-Winkelmann S, Paletta JRJ. Electrospun PLLA nanofiber scaffolds and their use in combination with BMP-2 for reconstruction of bone defects. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25462. [PMID: 21980467 PMCID: PMC3182232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adequate migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is essential for regeneration of large bone defects. To achieve this, modern graft materials are becoming increasingly important. Among them, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are a promising approach, because of their high physical porosity and potential to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of electrospun PLLA nanofiber scaffolds on bone formation in vivo, using a critical size rat calvarial defect model. In addition we analyzed whether direct incorporation of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) into nanofibers could enhance the osteoinductivity of the scaffolds. Two critical size calvarial defects (5 mm) were created in the parietal bones of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Defects were either (1) left unfilled, or treated with (2) bovine spongiosa, (3) PLLA scaffolds alone or (4) PLLA/BMP-2 scaffolds. Cranial CT-scans were taken at fixed intervals in vivo. Specimens obtained after euthanasia were processed for histology, histomorphometry and immunostaining (Osteocalcin, BMP-2 and Smad5). RESULTS PLLA scaffolds were well colonized with cells after implantation, but only showed marginal ossification. PLLA/BMP-2 scaffolds showed much better bone regeneration and several ossification foci were observed throughout the defect. PLLA/BMP-2 scaffolds also stimulated significantly faster bone regeneration during the first eight weeks compared to bovine spongiosa. However, no significant differences between these two scaffolds could be observed after twelve weeks. Expression of osteogenic marker proteins in PLLA/BMP-2 scaffolds continuously increased throughout the observation period. After twelve weeks osteocalcin, BMP-2 and Smad5 were all significantly higher in the PLLA/BMP-2 group than in all other groups. CONCLUSION Electrospun PLLA nanofibers facilitate colonization of bone defects, while their use in combination with BMP-2 also increases bone regeneration in vivo and thus combines osteoconductivity of the scaffold with the ability to maintain an adequate osteogenic stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D. Schofer
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philip P. Roessler
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan Schaefer
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christina Theisen
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Schlimme
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Maximilian Voelker
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roland Dersch
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen R. J. Paletta
- Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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440
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Schmidt T, Stachon S, Mack A, Rohde M, Just L. Evaluation of a thin and mechanically stable collagen cell carrier. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2011; 17:1161-70. [PMID: 21902619 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2011.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological function of adherent cell populations strongly depends on the physical and biochemical properties of extracellular matrix molecules. Therefore, numerous biocompatible cell carriers have been developed to specifically influence cell attachment, proliferation, cellular differentiation, and tissue formation for diverse cell culture applications and cell-based therapies. In the present study, we evaluated the mechanical and the cell biological properties of a novel, thin, and planar collagen scaffold. The cell carrier is based on fibrillar bovine collagen type I and exhibits a low material thickness coupled with a high mechanical stability as measured by tensile tests. The influence of this new biomaterial on cell viability, proliferation, and cell differentiation was analyzed using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) proliferation assay, immunocytochemistry, water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay (WST-1), live cell imaging, and electron microscopy. Cell culture experiments with the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, human mesenchymal stem cells, and rodent cardiomyocytes demonstrated the in vitro biocompatibility of this chemically noncrosslinked scaffold. Both the mechanical characteristics and the in vitro biocompatibility of this collagen type I carrier facilitate the engineering of thin transferable tissue constructs and offer new possibilities in the fields of cell culture techniques, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Schmidt
- Institute of Anatomy, Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
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441
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Abstract
This article summarizes the recent progress in the design and synthesis of hydrogels as tissue-engineering scaffolds. Hydrogels are attractive scaffolding materials owing to their highly swollen network structure, ability to encapsulate cells and bioactive molecules, and efficient mass transfer. Various polymers, including natural, synthetic and natural/synthetic hybrid polymers, have been used to make hydrogels via chemical or physical crosslinking. Recently, bioactive synthetic hydrogels have emerged as promising scaffolds because they can provide molecularly tailored biofunctions and adjustable mechanical properties, as well as an extracellular matrix-like microenvironment for cell growth and tissue formation. This article addresses various strategies that have been explored to design synthetic hydrogels with extracellular matrix-mimetic bioactive properties, such as cell adhesion, proteolytic degradation and growth factor-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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442
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Rubert Pérez CM, Panitch A, Chmielewski J. A Collagen Peptide-Based Physical Hydrogel for Cell Encapsulation. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:1426-31. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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443
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Ye KY, Black LD. Strategies for tissue engineering cardiac constructs to affect functional repair following myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2011; 4:575-91. [PMID: 21818697 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-011-9303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered cardiac constructs are a high potential therapy for treating myocardial infarction. These therapies have the ability to regenerate or recreate functional myocardium following the infarction, restoring some of the lost function of the heart and thereby preventing congestive heart failure. Three key factors to consider when developing engineered myocardial tissue include the cell source, the choice of scaffold, and the use of biomimetic culture conditions. This review details the various biomaterials and scaffold types that have been used to generate engineered myocardial tissues as well as a number of different methods used for the fabrication and culture of these constructs. Specific bioreactor design considerations for creating myocardial tissue equivalents in vitro, such as oxygen and nutrient delivery as well as physical stimulation, are also discussed. Lastly, a brief overview of some of the in vivo studies that have been conducted to date and their assessment of the functional benefit in repairing the injured heart with engineered myocardial tissue is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Yuan Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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444
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Cell behavior on protein matrices containing laminin α1 peptide AG73. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4327-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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445
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Lee H, Kim G. Cryogenically fabricated three-dimensional chitosan scaffolds with pore size-controlled structures for biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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446
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Schofer MD, Veltum A, Theisen C, Chen F, Agarwal S, Fuchs-Winkelmann S, Paletta JRJ. Functionalisation of PLLA nanofiber scaffolds using a possible cooperative effect between collagen type I and BMP-2: impact on growth and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:1753-62. [PMID: 21604139 PMCID: PMC3127010 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation of osteoblasts is triggered by a series of signaling processes including integrin and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which therefore act in a cooperative manner. The aim of this study was to analyze whether these processes can be remodeled in an artificial poly-(L)-lactide acid (PLLA) based nanofiber scaffold. Matrices composed of PLLA-collagen type I or BMP-2 incorporated PLLA-collagen type I were seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and cultivated over a period of 22 days, either under growth or osteoinductive conditions. During the course of culture, gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC) and collagen I (COL-I) as well as Smad5 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), two signal transduction molecules involved in BMP-2 or integrin signaling were analyzed. Furthermore, calcium and collagen I deposition, as well as cell densities and proliferation, were determined using fluorescence microscopy. The incorporation of BMP-2 into PLLA-collagen type I nanofibers resulted in a decrease in diameter as well as pore sizes of the scaffold. Mesenchymal stem cells showed better adherence and a reduced proliferation on BMP-containing scaffolds. This was accompanied by an increase in gene expression of ALP, OC and COL-I. Furthermore the presence of BMP-2 resulted in an upregulation of FAK, while collagen had an impact on the gene expression of Smad5. Therefore these different strategies can be combined in order to enhance the osteoblast differentiation of hMSC on PLLA based nanofiber scaffold. By doing this, different signal transduction pathways seem to be up regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus D. Schofer
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Anne Veltum
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christina Theisen
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Fuchs-Winkelmann
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen R. J. Paletta
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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447
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Krishna OD, Jha AK, Jia X, Kiick KL. Integrin-mediated adhesion and proliferation of human MSCs elicited by a hydroxyproline-lacking, collagen-like peptide. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6412-24. [PMID: 21658756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the competence of a rationally designed collagen-like peptide (CLP-Cys) sequence - containing the minimal essential Glycine-Glutamic acid-Arginine (GER) triplet but lacking the hydroxyproline residue - for supporting human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, spreading and proliferation. Cellular responses to the CLP-Cys sequence were analyzed by conjugating the peptide to two different substrates - a hard, planar glass surface and a soft hyaluronic acid (HA) particle-based hydrogel. Integrin-mediated cell spreading and adhesion were observed for hMSCs cultivated on the CLP-Cys functionalized surfaces, whereas on control surfaces lacking the peptide motif, cells either did not adhere or maintained a round morphology. On the glass surface, CLP-Cys-mediated spreading led to the formation of extended and well developed stress fibers composed of F-actin bundles and focal adhesion complexes while on the soft gel surface, less cytoskeletal reorganization organization was observed. The hMSCs proliferated significantly on the surfaces presenting CLP-Cys, compared to the control surfaces lacking CLP-Cys. Competitive binding assay employing soluble CLP-Cys revealed a dose-dependent inhibition of hMSC adhesion to the CLP-Cys-presenting surfaces. Blocking the α(2)β(1) receptor on hMSC also resulted in a reduction of cell adhesion on both types of CLP-Cys surfaces, confirming the affinity of CLP-Cys to α(2)β(1) receptors. These results established the competence of the hydroxyproline-free CLP-Cys for eliciting integrin-mediated cellular responses including adhesion, spreading and proliferation. Thus, CLP-Cys-modified HA hydrogels are attractive candidates as bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohm D Krishna
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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448
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Wang G, Babadağli ME, Uludağ H. Bisphosphonate-Derivatized Liposomes to Control Drug Release from Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1025-34. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200028w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
| | - Mustafa Ege Babadağli
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, and ⊥Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G6
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449
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Saito N, Aoki K, Usui Y, Shimizu M, Hara K, Narita N, Ogihara N, Nakamura K, Ishigaki N, Kato H, Haniu H, Taruta S, Kim YA, Endo M. Application of carbon fibers to biomaterials: a new era of nano-level control of carbon fibers after 30-years of development. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3824-34. [PMID: 21487627 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00120a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon fibers are state-of-the-art materials with properties that include being light weight, high strength, and chemically stable, and are applied in various fields including aeronautical science and space science. Investigation of applications of carbon fibers to biomaterials was started 30 or more years ago, and various products have been developed. Because the latest technological progress has realized nano-level control of carbon fibers, applications to biomaterials have also progressed to the age of nano-size. Carbon fibers with diameters in the nano-scale (carbon nanofibers) dramatically improve the functions of conventional biomaterials and make the development of new composite materials possible. Carbon nanofibers also open possibilities for new applications in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment. The first three-dimensional constructions with carbon nanofibers have been realized, and it has been found that the materials could be used as excellent scaffolding for bone tissue regeneration. In this critical review, we summarize the history of carbon fiber application to the biomaterials and describe future perspectives in the new age of nano-level control of carbon fibers (122 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Saito
- Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
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450
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Fabrication of three-dimensional collagen scaffold using an inverse mould-leaching process. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2011; 34:903-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-011-0541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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