401
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Kruspe S, Mittelberger F, Szameit K, Hahn U. Aptamers as drug delivery vehicles. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1998-2011. [PMID: 25130604 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The benefits of directed and selective therapy for systemic treatment are reasons for increased interest in exploiting aptamers for cell-specific drug delivery. Nucleic acid based pharmaceuticals represent an interesting and novel tool to counter human diseases. Combining inhibitory potential and cargo transfer upon internalization, nanocarriers as well as various therapeutics including siRNAs, chemotherapeutics, photosensitizers, or proteins can be imported via these synthetic nucleic acids. However, widespread clinical application is still hampered by obstacles that must be overcome. In this review, we give an overview of applications and recent advances in aptamer-mediated drug delivery. We also introduce prominent selection methods as well as useful approaches in choice of drug and conjugation method. We discuss the challenges that need to be considered and present strategies that have been applied to achieve intracellular delivery of effectors transported by readily internalized aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Kruspe
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg (Germany)
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402
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Sun H, Zhu X, Lu PY, Rosato RR, Tan W, Zu Y. Oligonucleotide aptamers: new tools for targeted cancer therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2014; 3:e182. [PMID: 25093706 PMCID: PMC4221593 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2014.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are a class of small nucleic acid ligands that are composed of RNA or single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and have high specificity and affinity for their targets. Similar to antibodies, aptamers interact with their targets by recognizing a specific three-dimensional structure and are thus termed “chemical antibodies.” In contrast to protein antibodies, aptamers offer unique chemical and biological characteristics based on their oligonucleotide properties. Hence, they are more suitable for the development of novel clinical applications. Aptamer technology has been widely investigated in various biomedical fields for biomarker discovery, in vitro diagnosis, in vivo imaging, and targeted therapy. This review will discuss the potential applications of aptamer technology as a new tool for targeted cancer therapy with emphasis on the development of aptamers that are able to specifically target cell surface biomarkers. Additionally, we will describe several approaches for the use of aptamers in targeted therapeutics, including aptamer-drug conjugation, aptamer-nanoparticle conjugation, aptamer-mediated targeted gene therapy, aptamer-mediated immunotherapy, and aptamer-mediated biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Sun
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | | | - Roberto R Rosato
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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403
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Abstract
The immobilization of DNA molecules onto a solid support is a crucial step in biochip research and related applications. In this work, we report a DNA photolithography method based on photocleavage of 2-nitrobenzyl linker-modified DNA strands. These strands were subjected to ultraviolet light irradiation to generate multiple short DNA strands in a programmable manner. Coupling the toehold-mediated DNA strand-displacement reaction with DNA photolithography enabled the fabrication of a DNA chip surface with multifunctional DNA patterns having complex geometrical structures at the microscale level. The erasable DNA photolithography strategy was developed to allow different paintings on the same chip. Furthermore, the asymmetrical modification of colloidal particles was carried out by using this photolithography strategy. This strategy has broad applications in biosensors, nanodevices, and DNA-nanostructure fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujian Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaguo Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Shands Cancer Center and Center for Research at the Interface of Bio/Nano, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Collaborative Research Center of Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- Address correspondence to ,
| | - Haojun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
- Address correspondence to ,
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404
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Li W, Chen H, Yu M, Fang J. Targeted delivery of doxorubicin using a colorectal cancer-specific ssDNA aptamer. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2014; 297:2280-8. [PMID: 25044297 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery is particularly important in cancer treatment because many antitumor drugs are nonspecific and highly toxic to both cancerous and normal cells. The L33 aptamer is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) sequence that has the ability to recognize human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HCT116 specifically. In this study, we demonstrated that the L33 aptamer can selectively internalize into target HCT116 cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Based on this finding, we developed an aptamer-based drug delivery system using L33 as the carrier of the antitumor drug doxorubicin (Dox). The L33-Dox complex exhibited specific and high affinity (Kd = 14.3 ± 2.2 nM) binding to HCT116 cells. The results of cytotoxicity assays revealed that the L33-Dox complex was capable of selectively delivering the drug to the target HCT116 cells and lowered the toxicity for nontarget CL187 cells. These findings indicate that the aptamer-based targeted drug delivery system has the potential to be used in clinical settings and may overcome drug resistance to a certain extent because high drug dosages can be directed toward target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China; Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
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405
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Zhou G, Lin M, Song P, Chen X, Chao J, Wang L, Huang Q, Huang W, Fan C, Zuo X. Multivalent capture and detection of cancer cells with DNA nanostructured biosensors and multibranched hybridization chain reaction amplification. Anal Chem 2014; 86:7843-8. [PMID: 24989246 DOI: 10.1021/ac502276w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of cancer cells plays a critically important role in the early detection of cancer and cancer metastasis. However, because circulating tumor cells are extremely rare in peripheral blood, the detection of cancer cells with high analytical sensitivity and specificity remains challenging. Here, we have demonstrated a simple, sensitive and specific detection of cancer cells with the detection sensitivity of four cancer cells, which is lower than the cutoff value with respect to correlation with survival outcomes as well as predictive of metastatic disease in clinical diagnostics. We re-engineered the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) to multibranched HCR (mHCR) that can produce long products with multiple biotins for signal amplification and multiple branched arms for multivalent binding. The capturing gold surface is modified with DNA tetrahedral probes, which provide superior hybridization conditions for the multivalent binding. The synergetic effect of mHCR amplification and multivalent binding lead to the high sensitivity of our detection platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobao Zhou
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai, China 201800
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406
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Zhu J, Huang H, Dong S, Ge L, Zhang Y. Progress in aptamer-mediated drug delivery vehicles for cancer targeting and its implications in addressing chemotherapeutic challenges. Theranostics 2014; 4:931-44. [PMID: 25057317 PMCID: PMC4107293 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are novel oligonucleotides with flexible three-dimensional configurations that recognize and bind to their cognate targets, including tumor surface receptors, in a high-affinity and highly specific manner. Because of their unique intrinsic properties, a variety of aptamer-mediated nanovehicles have been developed to directionally transport anti-cancer drugs to tumor sites to minimize systemic cytotoxicity and to enhance permeation by these tumoricidal agents. Despite advances in the selection and synthesis of aptamers and in the conjugation and self-assembly of nanotechnologies, current chemotherapy and drug delivery systems face great challenges. These challenges are due to the limitations of aptamers and vehicles and because of complicated tumor mechanisms, including heterogeneity, anti-cancer drug resistance, and hypoxia-induced aberrances. In this review, we will summarize current approaches utilizing tumor surface hallmarks and aptamers and their roles and mechanisms in therapeutic nanovehicles targeting tumors. Delivery forms include nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanogels, aptamer-drug conjugates, and novel molecular trains. Moreover, the obstacles posed by the aforementioned issues will be highlighted, and possible solutions will be acknowledged. Furthermore, future perspectives will be presented, including cutting-edge integration with RNA interference nanotechnology and personalized chemotherapy, which will facilitate innovative approaches to aptamer-based therapeutics.
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407
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Lu X, Watts E, Jia F, Tan X, Zhang K. Polycondensation of Polymer Brushes via DNA Hybridization. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10214-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504790r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueguang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eleanor Watts
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xuyu Tan
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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408
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the most recent preclinical and clinical advancements in therapeutic nano-oncology. RECENT FINDINGS First-generation nanotherapies are well tolerated in humans and evidence shows that they are efficacious, while at the same time reducing the burden of side-effects. Most of these therapies are not specifically targeted, but take advantage of enhanced passive accumulation within tumors to preferentially deliver chemotherapies that demonstrate off-target toxicities when administered as free drugs. Also, actively targeted nanotherapies are entering the clinical arena and preliminary data are encouraging. Finally, a number of exciting preclinical developments in nanotechnology provide clear evidence that nanotherapies will continue to enter the clinic and will have a significant impact in oncology. SUMMARY A number of intriguing nanoparticle therapies are being tested in preclinical and clinical trials. Nanoparticles with increasing molecular sophistication, specific targeting properties, and unique mechanisms of action will find their way to the clinic. Certainly, nanoparticle-based therapies will be increasingly represented in drug development pipelines, and will continue to provide efficacious and well tolerated drug options for patients with cancer.
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409
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Choi HMT, Beck VA, Pierce NA. Next-generation in situ hybridization chain reaction: higher gain, lower cost, greater durability. ACS NANO 2014; 8:4284-94. [PMID: 24712299 PMCID: PMC4046802 DOI: 10.1021/nn405717p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization chain reaction (HCR) provides multiplexed, isothermal, enzyme-free, molecular signal amplification in diverse settings. Within intact vertebrate embryos, where signal-to-background is at a premium, HCR in situ amplification enables simultaneous mapping of multiple target mRNAs, addressing a longstanding challenge in the biological sciences. With this approach, RNA probes complementary to mRNA targets trigger chain reactions in which metastable fluorophore-labeled RNA hairpins self-assemble into tethered fluorescent amplification polymers. The properties of HCR lead to straightforward multiplexing, deep sample penetration, high signal-to-background, and sharp subcellular signal localization within fixed whole-mount zebrafish embryos, a standard model system for the study of vertebrate development. However, RNA reagents are expensive and vulnerable to enzymatic degradation. Moreover, the stringent hybridization conditions used to destabilize nonspecific hairpin binding also reduce the energetic driving force for HCR polymerization, creating a trade-off between minimization of background and maximization of signal. Here, we eliminate this trade-off by demonstrating that low background levels can be achieved using permissive in situ amplification conditions (0% formamide, room temperature) and engineer next-generation DNA HCR amplifiers that maximize the free energy benefit per polymerization step while preserving the kinetic trapping property that underlies conditional polymerization, dramatically increasing signal gain, reducing reagent cost, and improving reagent durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry M. T. Choi
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering and Division of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Victor A. Beck
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering and Division of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Niles A. Pierce
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering and Division of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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410
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Zhang Z, Eckert MA, Ali MM, Liu L, Kang DK, Chang E, Pone EJ, Sender LS, Fruman DA, Zhao W. DNA-Scaffolded Multivalent Ligands to Modulate Cell Function. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1268-73. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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411
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Qing Z, He X, Huang J, Wang K, Zou Z, Qing T, Mao Z, Shi H, He D. Target-Catalyzed Dynamic Assembly-Based Pyrene Excimer Switching for Enzyme-Free Nucleic Acid Amplified Detection. Anal Chem 2014; 86:4934-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500834g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihe Qing
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao He
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taiping Qing
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengui Mao
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Shi
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dinggeng He
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College
of Biology, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
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412
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Abstract
This review highlights recent progress in developing DNA aptamers for personalized medicine, with more focus on in vivo studies for potential clinical applications. Examples include design of aptamers in combination with DNA nanostructures, nanomaterials, or microfluidic devices as diagnostic probes or therapeutic agents for cancers and other diseases. The use of aptamers as targeting agents in drug delivery is also covered. The advantages and future directions of such DNA aptamer-based technology for the continued development of personalized medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 ; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Kevin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 ; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Seyed-Fakhreddin Torabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 ; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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413
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Liu Q, Jin C, Wang Y, Fang X, Zhang X, Chen Z, Tan W. Aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for specific cancer cell recognition and targeted cancer therapy. NPG ASIA MATERIALS 2014; 6:e95. [PMID: 29619132 PMCID: PMC5880215 DOI: 10.1038/am.2014.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Based on their unique advantages, increasing interest has been shown in the use of aptamers as target ligands for specific cancer cell recognition and targeted cancer therapy. Recently, the development of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials has offered new therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment with better efficacy and lower toxicity. We highlight some of the promising classes of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for the specific recognition of cancer cells and targeted cancer therapy. Recent developments in the use of novel strategies that enable sensitive and selective cancer cell recognition are introduced. In addition to targeted drug delivery for chemotherapy, we also review how aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials are being incorporated into emerging technologies with significant improvement in efficiency and selectivity in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Jin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyue Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shands Cancer Center, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shands Cancer Center, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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414
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Liu Q, Jin C, Wang Y, Fang X, Zhang X, Chen Z, Tan W. Aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for specific cancer cell recognition and targeted cancer therapy. NPG ASIA MATERIALS 2014; 6:e95. [PMID: 29619132 DOI: 10.1038/am.2013.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Based on their unique advantages, increasing interest has been shown in the use of aptamers as target ligands for specific cancer cell recognition and targeted cancer therapy. Recently, the development of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials has offered new therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment with better efficacy and lower toxicity. We highlight some of the promising classes of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for the specific recognition of cancer cells and targeted cancer therapy. Recent developments in the use of novel strategies that enable sensitive and selective cancer cell recognition are introduced. In addition to targeted drug delivery for chemotherapy, we also review how aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials are being incorporated into emerging technologies with significant improvement in efficiency and selectivity in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Jin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyue Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shands Cancer Center, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shands Cancer Center, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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415
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Wang R, Zhu G, Mei L, Xie Y, Ma H, Ye M, Qing FL, Tan W. Automated modular synthesis of aptamer-drug conjugates for targeted drug delivery. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2731-4. [PMID: 24483627 PMCID: PMC3985443 DOI: 10.1021/ja4117395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Aptamer–drug conjugates (ApDCs)
are promising targeted drug
delivery systems for reducing toxicity while increasing the efficacy
of chemotherapy. However, current ApDC technologies suffer from problems
caused by the complicated preparation and low controllability of drug–aptamer
conjugation. To solve such problems, we have designed and synthesized
a therapeutic module for solid phase synthesis, which is a phosphoramdite
containing an anticancer drug moiety and a photocleavable linker.
Using this module, we have realized automated and modular synthesis
of ApDCs, and multiple drugs were efficiently incorporated into ApDCs
at predesigned positions. The ApDCs not only recognize target cancer
cells specifically, but also release drugs in a photocontrollable
manner. We demonstrated the potential of automated and modular ApDC
technology for applications in targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- RuoWen Wang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
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416
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Zheng J, Hu Y, Bai J, Ma C, Li J, Li Y, Shi M, Tan W, Yang R. Universal surface-enhanced Raman scattering amplification detector for ultrasensitive detection of multiple target analytes. Anal Chem 2014; 86:2205-12. [PMID: 24437937 DOI: 10.1021/ac404004m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, the successful fabrication of efficient hot-spot substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) remains an unsolved problem. To address this issue, we describe herein a universal aptamer-based SERS biodetection approach that uses a single-stranded DNA as a universal trigger (UT) to induce SERS-active hot-spot formation, allowing, in turn, detection of a broad range of targets. More specifically, interaction between the aptamer probe and its target perturbs a triple-helix aptamer/UT structure in a manner that activates a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) among three short DNA building blocks that self-assemble into a long DNA polymer. The SERS-active hot-spots are formed by conjugating 4-aminobenzenethiol (4-ABT)-encoded gold nanoparticles with the DNA polymer through a specific Au-S bond. As proof-of-principle, we used this approach to quantify multiple target analytes, including thrombin, adenosine, and CEM cancer cells, achieving lowest limit of detection values of 18 pM, 1.5 nM, and 10 cells/mL, respectively. As a universal SERS detector, this prototype can be applied to many other target analytes through the use of suitable DNA-functional partners, thus inspiring new designs and applications of SERS for bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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417
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Zhao GX, Tanaka H, Kim CW, Li K, Funamoto D, Nobori T, Nakamura Y, Niidome T, Kishimura A, Mori T, Katayama Y. Histidinylated poly-L-lysine-based vectors for cancer-specific gene expression via enhancing the endosomal escape. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:519-34. [PMID: 24460548 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.879562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized a series of poly-L-lysine (PLL)-based polymers for gene delivery, by modifying the PLL with both cationic peptide and histidine. The peptide moieties serve as cationic centers for polyplex formation, and also as substrates for protein kinase Cα (PKCα), which is specifically activated in many types of cancer cells, to achieve cancer-specific gene expression. The histidine groups serve as buffering moieties to increase the ability of the plasmid DNA (pDNA)-polymer complex (polyplex) to escape the endosome and thus to promote expression of the pDNA in the transfected cells. The facile synthesis of the polymers proceeded by modifying the PLL with side-group-protected peptide and protected histidine, followed by deprotection of the functional groups. The synthesized polymers showed significant buffering capacity over the neutral to acidic pH range and showed less cytotoxicity in vitro compared with histidine-unmodified polymers. The polyplexes successfully showed PKCα-responsive gene expression immediately after their introduction into cancer cells and the gene expression continued for at least 24 h. These PLL-based carriers thus show promise for cancer-targeted gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Xi Zhao
- a Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
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418
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419
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420
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Wu C, Han D, Chen T, Peng L, Zhu G, You M, Qiu L, Sefah K, Zhang X, Tan W. Building a multifunctional aptamer-based DNA nanoassembly for targeted cancer therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18644-50. [PMID: 24245521 DOI: 10.1021/ja4094617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to self-assemble one-dimensional DNA building blocks into two- and three-dimensional nanostructures via DNA/RNA nanotechnology has led to broad applications in bioimaging, basic biological mechanism studies, disease diagnosis, and drug delivery. However, the cellular uptake of most nucleic acid nanostructures is dependent on passive delivery or the enhanced permeability and retention effect, which may not be suitable for certain types of cancers, especially for treatment in vivo. To meet this need, we have constructed a multifunctional aptamer-based DNA nanoassembly (AptNA) for targeted cancer therapy. In particular, we first designed various Y-shaped functional DNA domains through predesigned base pair hybridization, including targeting aptamers, intercalated anticancer drugs, and therapeutic antisense oligonucleotides. Then these functional DNA domains were linked to an X-shaped DNA core connector, termed a building unit, through the complementary sequences in the arms of functional domains and connector. Finally, hundreds (~100-200) of these basic building units with 5'-modification of acrydite groups were further photo-cross-linked into a multifunctional and programmable aptamer-based nanoassembly structure able to take advantage of facile modular design and assembly, high programmability, excellent biostability and biocompatibility, as well as selective recognition and transportation. With these properties, AptNAs were demonstrated to have specific cytotoxic effect against leukemia cells. Moreover, the incorporation of therapeutic antisense oligonucleotides resulted in the inhibition of P-gp expression (a drug efflux pump to increase excretion of anticancer drugs) as well as a decrease in drug resistance. Therefore, these multifunctional and programmable aptamer-based DNA nanoassemblies show promise as candidates for targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuichen Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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421
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Verburg FA, Heinzel A, Hänscheid H, Mottaghy FM, Luster M, Giovanella L. Nothing new under the nuclear sun: towards 80 years of theranostics in nuclear medicine. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013; 41:199-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-013-2609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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422
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Zhu G, Hu R, Zhao Z, Chen Z, Zhang X, Tan W. Noncanonical self-assembly of multifunctional DNA nanoflowers for biomedical applications. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:16438-45. [PMID: 24164620 PMCID: PMC3855874 DOI: 10.1021/ja406115e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has been extensively explored to assemble various functional nanostructures for versatile applications. Mediated by Watson-Crick base-pairing, these DNA nanostructures have been conventionally assembled through hybridization of many short DNA building blocks. Here we report the noncanonical self-assembly of multifunctional DNA nanostructures, termed as nanoflowers (NFs), and the versatile biomedical applications. These NFs were assembled from long DNA building blocks generated via rolling circle replication (RCR) of a designer template. NF assembly was driven by liquid crystallization and dense packaging of building blocks, without relying on Watson-Crick base-pairing between DNA strands, thereby avoiding the otherwise conventional complicated DNA sequence design. NF sizes were readily tunable in a wide range, by simply adjusting such parameters as assembly time and template sequences. NFs were exceptionally resistant to nuclease degradation, denaturation, or dissociation at extremely low concentration, presumably resulting from the dense DNA packaging in NFs. The exceptional biostability is critical for biomedical applications. By rational design, NFs can be readily incorporated with myriad functional moieties. All these properties make NFs promising for versatile applications. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, in this study, NFs were integrated with aptamers, bioimaging agents, and drug loading sites, and the resultant multifunctional NFs were demonstrated for selective cancer cell recognition, bioimaging, and targeted anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhi Zhu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Departments of Chemistry, Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Departments of Chemistry, Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Shands Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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423
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Zhang Z, Ali MM, Eckert MA, Kang DK, Chen YY, Sender LS, Fruman DA, Zhao W. A polyvalent aptamer system for targeted drug delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9728-35. [PMID: 24044994 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poor efficacy and off-target systemic toxicity are major problems associated with current chemotherapeutic approaches to treat cancer. We developed a new form of polyvalent therapeutics that is composed of multiple aptamer units synthesized by rolling circle amplification and physically intercalated chemotherapy agents (termed as "Poly-Aptamer-Drug"). Using a leukemia cell-binding aptamer and doxorubicin as a model system, we have successfully constructed Poly-Aptamer-Drug systems and demonstrated that the Poly-Aptamer-Drug is significantly more effective than its monovalent counterpart in targeting and killing leukemia cells due to enhanced binding affinity (≈ 40 fold greater) and cell internalization via multivalent effects. We anticipate that our Poly-Aptamer-Drug approach will yield new classes of tunable therapeutics that can be utilized to effectively target and treat cancers while minimizing the side effects of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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