401
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Makhadmeh GN, Abdul Aziz A, Abdul Razak K. Artificial tissue sensitized with encapsulated methylene blue encapsulated by silica nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1285-9. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1024843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghaseb Naser Makhadmeh
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
- NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Abdul Aziz
- NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Khairunisak Abdul Razak
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
- NanoBiotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
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402
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Vairaprakash P, Yang E, Sahin T, Taniguchi M, Krayer M, Diers JR, Wang A, Niedzwiedzki DM, Kirmaier C, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Extending the Short and Long Wavelength Limits of Bacteriochlorin Near-Infrared Absorption via Dioxo- and Bisimide-Functionalization. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4382-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512818g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pothiappan Vairaprakash
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Eunkyung Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
| | - Tuba Sahin
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Michael Krayer
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - James R. Diers
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Alfred Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
| | - Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
| | - Christine Kirmaier
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Lindsey
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - David F. Bocian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4889, United States
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403
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Kucinska M, Skupin-Mrugalska P, Szczolko W, Sobotta L, Sciepura M, Tykarska E, Wierzchowski M, Teubert A, Fedoruk-Wyszomirska A, Wyszko E, Gdaniec M, Kaczmarek M, Goslinski T, Mielcarek J, Murias M. Phthalocyanine derivatives possessing 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy groups as potential agents for photodynamic therapy. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2240-55. [PMID: 25700089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Three 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy substituted phthalocyanines were synthesized and characterized. Phthalocyanine derivatives revealed moderate to high quantum yields of singlet oxygen production depending on the solvent applied (e.g., in DMF ranging from 0.25 to 0.53). Their photosensitizing potential for photodynamic therapy was investigated in an in vitro model using cancer cell lines. Biological test results were found particularly encouraging for the zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivative possessing two 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy substituents in nonperipheral positions. Cells irradiated for 20 min at 2 mW/cm(2) revealed the lowest IC50 value at 0.25 μM for prostate cell line (PC3), whereas 1.47 μM was observed for human malignant melanoma (A375) cells. The cytotoxic activity in nonirradiated cells of novel phthalocyanine was found to be very low. Moreover, the cellular uptake, localization, cell cycle, apoptosis through an ELISA assay, and immunochemistry method were investigated in LNCaP cells. Our results showed that the tested photosensitizer possesses very interesting biological activity, depending on experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
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404
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Arooj S, Nazir S, Nadhman A, Ahmad N, Muhammad B, Ahmad I, Mazhar K, Abbasi R. Novel ZnO:Ag nanocomposites induce significant oxidative stress in human fibroblast malignant melanoma (Ht144) cells. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:570-582. [PMID: 25821698 PMCID: PMC4361987 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of photoactive nanoparticles (NPs) such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and its nanocomposites has become a promising anticancer strategy. However, ZnO has a low photocatalytic decomposition rate and the incorporation of metal ions such as silver (Ag) improves their activity. Here different formulations of ZnO:Ag (1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30% Ag) were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford back scattering and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for their structure, morphology, composition and optical band gap. The NPs were investigated with regard to their different photocatalytic cytotoxic effects in human malignant melanoma (HT144) and normal (HCEC) cells. The ZnO:Ag nanocomposites killed cancer cells more efficiently than normal cells under daylight exposure. Nanocomposites having higher Ag content (10, 20 and 30%) were more toxic compared to low Ag content (1, 3 and 5%). For HT144, under daylight exposure, the IC50 values were ZnO:Ag (10%): 23.37 μg/mL, ZnO:Ag (20%): 19.95 μg/mL, and ZnO:Ag (30%): 15.78 μg/mL. ZnO:Ag (30%) was toxic to HT144 (IC50: 23.34 μg/mL) in dark as well. The three nanocomposites were further analyzed with regard to their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce lipid peroxidation. The particles led to an increase in levels of ROS at cytotoxic concentrations, but only HT144 showed strongly induced MDA level. Finally, NPs were investigated for the ROS species they generated in vitro. A highly significant increase of (1)O2 in the samples exposed to daylight was observed. Hydroxyl radical species, HO(•), were also generated to a lesser extent. Thus, the incorporation of Ag into ZnO NPs significantly improves their photo-oxidation capabilities. ZnO:Ag nanocomposites could provide a new therapeutic option to selectively target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Arooj
- Nanosciences and Catalysis Division, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hazara, Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Samina Nazir
- Nanosciences and Catalysis Division, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nafees Ahmad
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bakhtiar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hazara, Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad
- Accelerator Lab, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Mazhar
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashda Abbasi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
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405
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Khan R, Idris M, Tuncel D. Synthesis and investigation of singlet oxygen production efficiency of photosensitizers based on meso-phenyl-2,5-thienylene linked porphyrin oligomers and polymers. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10496-504. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01435b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new Zn(ii)-, oligo- and poly(2,5-thienylene)-linked porphyrins, bearing multiple triethylene glycol (TEG) groups were synthesized and their photophysical properties as well as singlet oxygen generation efficiencies have been investigated to elucidate the possibility of their use as a photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Muazzam Idris
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Dönüs Tuncel
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- Ankara
- Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology
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406
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Takizawa SY, Breitenbach T, Westberg M, Holmegaard L, Gollmer A, Jensen RL, Murata S, Ogilby PR. Solvent dependent photosensitized singlet oxygen production from an Ir(iii) complex: pointing to problems in studies of singlet-oxygen-mediated cell death. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:1831-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00230c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photophysics of an Ir(iii) complex with phenanthroline and phenylpyridine ligands depends appreciably on the local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Thomas Breitenbach
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
| | - Michael Westberg
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
| | - Lotte Holmegaard
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
| | - Anita Gollmer
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
| | - Rasmus L. Jensen
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
| | - Shigeru Murata
- Department of Basic Science
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Peter R. Ogilby
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- 8000 Denmark
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407
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Ohkubo K, Kohno N, Yamada Y, Fukuzumi S. Singlet oxygen generation from Li+@C60nano-aggregates dispersed by laser irradiation in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8082-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01885d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium ion encapsulated fullerene was solubilised in water by laser irradiation, acting as a photosensitiser for singlet oxygen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Naoki Kohno
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Yusuke Yamada
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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408
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Novakova V, Reimerova P, Svec J, Suchan D, Miletin M, Rhoda HM, Nemykin VN, Zimcik P. Systematic investigation of phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines, and their aza-analogues. Effect of the isosteric aza-replacement in the core. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:13220-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01863c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of zinc complexes of phthalocyanines, naphthalocyanines and their aza-analogs was studied and compared using UV-vis and MCD spectra, molecular calculations, and photophysical and electrochemical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Novakova
- Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
| | - Petra Reimerova
- Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Suchan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Miletin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
| | - Hannah M. Rhoda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of Minnesota Duluth
- Duluth
- USA
| | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of Minnesota Duluth
- Duluth
- USA
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove
- Charles University in Prague
- Hradec Kralove
- Czech Republic
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409
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Fang Y, Liu T, Zou Q, Zhao Y, Wu F. Cationic benzylidene cyclopentanone photosensitizers for selective photodynamic inactivation of bacteria over mammalian cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic modified benzylidene cyclopentanone photosensitizers selectively photo-inactivate bacterial cells over mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Fang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Qianli Zou
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Feipeng Wu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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410
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Staniford MC, Lezhnina MM, Gruener M, Stegemann L, Kuczius R, Bleicher V, Strassert CA, Kynast UH. Photophysical efficiency-boost of aqueous aluminium phthalocyanine by hybrid formation with nano-clays. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium phthalocyanines, solubilized by nano-clay shuttles, retain high fluorescence efficiencies and singlet oxygen generation capabilities in aqueous ambience, qualifying them for photodynamic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Staniford
- Münster University of Applied Sciences
- Institute for Optical Technologies
- 48565 Steinfurt
- Germany
| | - Marina M. Lezhnina
- Münster University of Applied Sciences
- Institute for Optical Technologies
- 48565 Steinfurt
- Germany
| | - Malte Gruener
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institute of Physics – Center for Nanotechnology
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institute of Physics – Center for Nanotechnology
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Rauni Kuczius
- Mikrobiologisches Labor Dr. Michael Lohmeyer GmbH
- Technologiehof Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Vera Bleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Labor Dr. Michael Lohmeyer GmbH
- Technologiehof Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institute of Physics – Center for Nanotechnology
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Ulrich H. Kynast
- Münster University of Applied Sciences
- Institute for Optical Technologies
- 48565 Steinfurt
- Germany
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411
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Fuentealba D, López JJ, Palominos M, Salas CO, Soto-Arriaza MA. Gramicidin conformational changes during riboflavin photosensitized oxidation in solution and the effect of N-methylation of tryptophan residues. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:748-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00414k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During riboflavin mediated photo-oxidation, gramicidin changes from intertwined to monomeric conformation (disaggregation), while the methylated derivative is not photo-oxidized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
| | - Jhon J. López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Marco Palominos
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
| | - Cristian O. Salas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Marco A. Soto-Arriaza
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
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412
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Stallivieri A, Le Guern F, Vanderesse R, Meledje E, Jori G, Frochot C, Acherar S. Synthesis and photophysical properties of the photoactivatable cationic porphyrin 5-(4-N-dodecylpyridyl)-10,15,20-tri(4-N-methylpyridyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin tetraiodide for anti-malaria PDT. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:1290-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and improved purification of C12 porphyrin are reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Stallivieri
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
| | - Florent Le Guern
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
| | - Régis Vanderesse
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM)
| | - Esme Meledje
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
| | - Giulio Jori
- Department of Biology
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Céline Frochot
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)
| | - Samir Acherar
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM)
- Université de Lorraine
- Nancy Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM)
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413
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Kaščáková S, Hofland LJ, De Bruijn HS, Ye Y, Achilefu S, van der Wansem K, van der Ploeg-van den Heuvel A, van Koetsveld PM, Brugts MP, van der Lelij AJ, Sterenborg HJCM, ten Hagen TLM, Robinson DJ, van Hagen MP. Somatostatin analogues for receptor targeted photodynamic therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104448. [PMID: 25111655 PMCID: PMC4128677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established treatment modality, used mainly for anticancer therapy that relies on the interaction of photosensitizer, light and oxygen. For the treatment of pathologies in certain anatomical sites, improved targeting of the photosensitizer is necessary to prevent damage to healthy tissue. We report on a novel dual approach of targeted PDT (vascular and cellular targeting) utilizing the expression of neuropeptide somatostatin receptor (sst2) on tumor and neovascular-endothelial cells. We synthesized two conjugates containing the somatostatin analogue [Tyr3]-octreotate and Chlorin e6 (Ce6): Ce6-K3-[Tyr3]-octreotate (1) and Ce6-[Tyr3]-octreotate-K3-[Tyr3]-octreotate (2). Investigation of the uptake and photodynamic activity of conjugates in-vitro in human erythroleukemic K562 cells showed that conjugation of [Tyr3]-octreotate with Ce6 in conjugate 1 enhances uptake (by a factor 2) in cells over-expressing sst2 compared to wild-type cells. Co-treatment with excess free Octreotide abrogated the phototoxicity of conjugate 1 indicative of a specific sst2-mediated effect. In contrast conjugate 2 showed no receptor-mediated effect due to its high hydrophobicity. When compared with un-conjugated Ce6, the PDT activity of conjugate 1 was lower. However, it showed higher photostability which may compensate for its lower phototoxicity. Intra-vital fluorescence pharmacokinetic studies of conjugate 1 in rat skin-fold observation chambers transplanted with sst2+ AR42J acinar pancreas tumors showed significantly different uptake profiles compared to free Ce6. Co-treatment with free Octreotide significantly reduced conjugate uptake in tumor tissue (by a factor 4) as well as in the chamber neo-vasculature. These results show that conjugate 1 might have potential as an in-vivo sst2 targeting photosensitizer conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slávka Kaščáková
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo J. Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette S. De Bruijn
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yunpeng Ye
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Michael P. Brugts
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henricus J. C. M. Sterenborg
- Center for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo L. M. ten Hagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic J. Robinson
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin P. van Hagen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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414
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Kim S, Tachikawa T, Fujitsuka M, Majima T. Far-red fluorescence probe for monitoring singlet oxygen during photodynamic therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11707-15. [PMID: 25075870 DOI: 10.1021/ja504279r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen ((1)O2), molecular oxygen in the lowest excited state, has a critical role in the cell-killing mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Although (1)O2 phosphorescence measurement has been mainly used to monitor (1)O2 formation during PDT, its intensity is far insufficient to obtain two-dimensional images of intracellular (1)O2 with the subcellular spatial resolution using the currently available near-IR detector. Here, we propose a new far-red fluorescence probe of (1)O2, namely, Si-DMA, composed of silicon-containing rhodamine and anthracene moieties as a chromophore and a (1)O2 reactive site, respectively. In the presence of (1)O2, fluorescence of Si-DMA increases 17 times due to endoperoxide formation at the anthracene moiety. With the advantage of negligible self-oxidation by photoirradiation (ΦΔ < 0.02) and selective mitochondrial localization, Si-DMA is particularly suitable for imaging (1)O2 during PDT. Among three different intracellular photosensitizers (Sens), Si-DMA could selectively detect the (1)O2 that is generated by 5-aminolevulinic acid-derived protoporphyrin IX, colocalized with Si-DMA in mitochondria. On the other hand, mitochondria-targeted KillerRed and lysosomal porphyrins could not induce fluorescence change of Si-DMA. This surprising selectivity of Si-DMA response depending on the Sens localization and photosensitization mechanism is caused by a limited intracellular (1)O2 diffusion distance (∼300 nm) and negligible generation of (1)O2 by type-I Sens, respectively. For the first time, we successfully visualized (1)O2 generated during PDT with a spatial resolution of a single mitochondrial tubule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Kim
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University , Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
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415
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Muli DK, Rajaputra P, You Y, McGrath DV. Asymmetric ZnPc-rhodamine B conjugates for mitochondrial targeted photodynamic therapy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4496-4500. [PMID: 25150377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Design, synthesis, characterization, and photodynamic activity of mitochondria specific asymmetric ZnPc-Rh B conjugates are described. Conjugation of asymmetric ZnPc-OH chromophores 3a and 3b with rhodamine B via the corresponding DIC-activated ester gave the desired near IR-absorbing asymmetric ZnPc-Rh B conjugates 1a and 1b. Conjugates 1a and 1b were shown to produce singlet oxygen upon illumination in DMSO, MeOH and THF. Fluorescence aggregation studies of the dyes 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b in DMSO and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution showed that conjugates 1a and 1b were less aggregated compared to the corresponding non-conjugates 3a and 3b suggesting that incorporation of Rh B lowered aggregation of the conjugates in the PBS solution. The four dyes studied have logD7.4 values between 2.31 and 2.48, with the sulfur-containing conjugate 1b being the most hydrophobic. All the dyes showed negligible dark toxicity when colon 26 cells were treated with 5 μM of the dyes while 10-15% cell death was observed for dye concentrations of 15 μM. Illumination (700±40 nm, 45 J/cm(2), 15 min) of the cells ([dye]=15 μM) gave 70% cell death for ZnPc-Rh B conjugates 1a and 1b while no killing for non-conjugates 3a and 3b suggesting that the incorporation of the Rh B in the photosensitizer lowered the aggregation and subsequently improved cellular uptake and phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic K Muli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Pallavi Rajaputra
- College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, United States
| | - Youngjae You
- College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, United States
| | - Dominic V McGrath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
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416
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Xiong X, Song F, Wang J, Zhang Y, Xue Y, Sun L, Jiang N, Gao P, Tian L, Peng X. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence of Fluorescein Derivative for Time-Resolved and Confocal Fluorescence Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9590-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja502292p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
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417
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Fujitsuka M, Lu C, Iwamoto T, Kayahara E, Yamago S, Majima T. Properties of triplet-excited [N]cycloparaphenylenes (N = 8-12): excitation energies lower than those of linear oligomers and polymers. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:4527-32. [PMID: 24914824 DOI: 10.1021/jp504689q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs), a class of hoop-shaped conjugated macrocycles, have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields because of their interesting properties. Although their properties in the singlet-excited state have been reported, there is no systematic information on the triplet-excited state. In the present study, the properties of triplet-excited [n]CPP (n = 8-12, where n denotes the number of phenyl rings) were comprehensively investigated. The phosphorescence peak shifted to the shorter-wavelength side with increasing ring size of the CPPs, indicating smaller triplet energy for smaller CPPs. It was found that the triplet energy of a smaller CPP is even smaller than those of poly(p-phenylene)s, indicating that small hoop-shaped conjugated macrocycles are effective in realizing low-band gap materials. By applying laser flash photolysis, the Tn-T1 absorption spectra of CPPs were obtained, from which the size-dependence of energy levels of higher triplet states were also determined. Generation of singlet oxygen by the energy transfer from a triplet-excited CPP was confirmed. The generation yield became smaller with increasing size of the CPP in accordance with the triplet yield. From these observations, the size-dependence of the deactivation pathways is explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Fujitsuka
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University , Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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418
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Dudkin SV, Makarova EA, Slivka LK, Lukyanets EA. Synthesis and properties of tetra- and octacationicmeso-tetrakis(3-pyridyl)bacteriochlorin derivatives. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613501162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of new water-soluble tetra- and octacationic derivatives of meso-tetrakis(3-pyridyl)bacteriochlorin are reported. Tetracationic salt was synthesized by quaternization of the pyridine groups of starting bacteriochlorin with 1,4-dibromobutane. Octacationic salts were obtained by treating of tetracationic salt with excess of pyridine or N,N-dimethylaminoethanol. Zinc complexes of water-soluble bacteriochlorin derivatives were prepared by direct metalation of corresponding non-metal compounds with zinc acetylacetonate, unlike to neutral bacteriochlorin which forms zinc complex only by transmetalation of the corresponding cadmium complex. The new bacteriochlorins have strong absorption in red and NIR spectral region. Free-base BCs possess good stability in aqueous solutions as compared to their zinc complexes and efficiently generate singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semyon V. Dudkin
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, 123995 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Makarova
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, 123995 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila K. Slivka
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, 123995 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Lukyanets
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya ¼, 123995 Moscow, Russia
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419
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Kobayashi A, Yamamoto D, Horiki H, Sawaguchi K, Matsumoto T, Nakajima K, Chang HC, Kato M. Photoinduced dimerization reaction coupled with oxygenation of a platinum(II)-hydrazone complex. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2573-81. [PMID: 24533623 DOI: 10.1021/ic402879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photoreactivities of Ni(II)- and Pt(II)-hydrazone complexes, [NiCl(L)] (Ni1) and [PtCl(L)] (Pt1), respectively [HL = 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde-2-pyridylhydrazone], were investigated in detail via UV-vis absorption, (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry; the two photoproducts obtained from the photoreaction of Pt1 were also successfully identified via X-ray analysis. The absorption bands of the Ni1 and Pt1 complexes were very similar, centered around 530 nm, and were assigned as an intraligand charge transfer transition of the hydrazone moiety. The absorption spectrum of Pt1 in a CH3CN solution changed drastically upon photoirradiation (λ = 530 nm), whereas no change was observed for Ni1. (1)H NMR and ESI-TOF mass spectra under various conditions suggested that the photoexcited Pt1* reacts with dissolved dioxygen to form a reactive intermediate, and the ensuing dark reactions afforded two different products without any decomposition. In contrast to the simple photo-oxidation of HL to form a phosphine oxide HL(P═O), the X-ray crystallographic analyses of the photoproducts clearly indicate the formation of a mononuclear Pt complex with the oxygenated hydrazone ligand (Pt1O) and a dinuclear Pt complex with the oxygenated and dimerized hydrazone ligand (Pt2). The photosensitized reaction in the presence of an (1)O2-generating photosensitizer, methylene blue (MB), also produced Pt1O and Pt2, indicating that the reaction between (1)O2 and ground-state Pt1 is the important step. In a highly viscous dimethyl sulfoxide solution, Pt1 was slowly, but quantitatively, converted to the mononuclear form, Pt1O, without the formation of the dinuclear product, Pt2, upon photoirradiation (and in the reaction photosensitized by MB), suggesting that this photoreaction of Pt1 involves at least one diffusion-controlled reaction. On the other hand, the same complexes Pt1O and Pt2 were also produced in the degassed solution, probably because of the reaction of the photoexcited Pt1* with the biradical character and H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University , North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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420
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Dosselli R, Ruiz-González R, Moret F, Agnolon V, Compagnin C, Mognato M, Sella V, Agut M, Nonell S, Gobbo M, Reddi E. Synthesis, spectroscopic, and photophysical characterization and photosensitizing activity toward prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells of porphyrin-magainin and -buforin conjugates. J Med Chem 2014; 57:1403-15. [PMID: 24456407 DOI: 10.1021/jm401653r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are attractive tools to combat infectious diseases and to stem further development of antibiotic resistance. In an attempt to increase the efficiency of bacteria inactivation, we conjugated a PDT photosensitizer, cationic or neutral porphyrin, to a CAMP, buforin or magainin. The neutral and hydrophobic porphyrin, which is not photoactive per se against Gram-negative bacteria, efficiently photoinactivated Escherichia coli after conjugation to either buforin or magainin. Conjugation to magainin resulted in the considerable strengthening of the cationic and hydrophilic porphyrin's interaction with the bacterial cells, as shown by the higher bacteria photoinactivation activity retained after washing the bacterial suspension. The porphyrin-peptide conjugates also exhibited strong interaction capability as well as photoactivity toward eukaryotic cells, namely, human fibroblasts. These findings suggest that these CAMPs have the potential to carry drugs and other types of cargo inside mammalian cells similar to cell-penetrating peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dosselli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova , via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35121 Padova, Italy
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421
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Uliana MP, Pires L, Pratavieira S, Brocksom TJ, de Oliveira KT, Bagnato VS, Kurachi C. Photobiological characteristics of chlorophyll a derivatives as microbial PDT agents. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:1137-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50376c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorin-e6 (chl-e6) and a hydrogenated derivative (chl-e6H) were semi-synthesized, and their photophysical properties and photodynamic activity againstEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureusandCandida albicansevaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciana P. Uliana
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos, Brazil
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos
- São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Layla Pires
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristina Kurachi
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos, Brazil
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422
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Nicholas MP, Rao L, Gennerich A. An improved optical tweezers assay for measuring the force generation of single kinesin molecules. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1136:171-246. [PMID: 24633799 PMCID: PMC4254714 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0329-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous microtubule-associated molecular motors, including several kinesins and cytoplasmic dynein, produce opposing forces that regulate spindle and chromosome positioning during mitosis. The motility and force generation of these motors are therefore critical to normal cell division, and dysfunction of these processes may contribute to human disease. Optical tweezers provide a powerful method for studying the nanometer motility and piconewton force generation of single motor proteins in vitro. Using kinesin-1 as a prototype, we present a set of step-by-step, optimized protocols for expressing a kinesin construct (K560-GFP) in Escherichia coli, purifying it, and studying its force generation in an optical tweezers microscope. We also provide detailed instructions on proper alignment and calibration of an optical trapping microscope. These methods provide a foundation for a variety of similar experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Nicholas
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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423
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Blázquez-Castro A, Breitenbach T, Ogilby PR. Singlet oxygen and ROS in a new light: low-dose subcellular photodynamic treatment enhances proliferation at the single cell level. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:1235-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00113c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon excitation of a sensitizer with a focused laser beam was used to create a spatially-localized subcellular population of reactive oxygen species, ROS, stimulating proliferation in single HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Blázquez-Castro
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Breitenbach
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter R. Ogilby
- Center for Oxygen Microscopy and Imaging
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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424
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Zigler DF, Ding EC, Jarocha LE, Khatmullin RR, DiPasquale VM, Sykes RB, Tarasov VF, Forbes MDE. Kinetic analysis of nitroxide radical formation under oxygenated photolysis: toward quantitative singlet oxygen topology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:1804-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00318g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction kinetics for two sterically hindered secondary amines with singlet oxygen have been studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F. Zigler
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Eva Chuheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Lauren E. Jarocha
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Renat R. Khatmullin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | - R. Brendan Sykes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Valery F. Tarasov
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Malcolm D. E. Forbes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill, USA
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425
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Vayá I, Andreu I, Jiménez MC, Miranda MA. Photooxygenation mechanisms in naproxen–amino acid linked systems. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:224-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50252j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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426
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Felgenträger A, Maisch T, Späth A, Schröder JA, Bäumler W. Singlet oxygen generation in porphyrin-doped polymeric surface coating enables antimicrobial effects onStaphylococcus aureus. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:20598-607. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02439g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We propose an infection-preventive functional material exhibiting a continuous antimicrobial effect upon light irradiation, based on singlet oxygen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Felgenträger
- Department of Dermatology
- Regensburg University Hospital
- 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tim Maisch
- Department of Dermatology
- Regensburg University Hospital
- 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Späth
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Josef A. Schröder
- Department of Pathology/Central EM-Lab
- Regensburg University Hospital
- 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bäumler
- Department of Dermatology
- Regensburg University Hospital
- 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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427
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Lu J, Zhang W, Yuan L, Ma W, Li X, Lu W, Zhao Y, Chen G. One-Pot Synthesis of Glycopolymer-Porphyrin Conjugate as Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2013; 14:340-6. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
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428
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Hirohara S, Sharyo K, Kawasaki Y, Totani M, Tomotsuka A, Funasako R, Yasui N, Hasegawa Y, Yuasa J, Nakashima T, Kawai T, Oka C, Kawaichi M, Obata M, Tanihara M. trans-Bisglycoconjugation is an Efficient and Robust Architecture for PDT Photosensitizers Based on 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin Derivatives. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20130131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Hirohara
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Ube National College of Technology
| | - Kohei Sharyo
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Yuji Kawasaki
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Masayasu Totani
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Ayumi Tomotsuka
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Ryota Funasako
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Nobutaka Yasui
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Chio Oka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Masashi Kawaichi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Makoto Obata
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | - Masao Tanihara
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
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429
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Marydasan B, Nair AK, Ramaiah D. Optimization of triplet excited state and singlet oxygen quantum yields of picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates through zinc insertion. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13515-22. [PMID: 24063545 DOI: 10.1021/jp407524w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a new class of picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates 1-3 and have investigated the effect of heavy atom insertion on their intersystem crossing efficiency through spin-orbit perturbations. By incorporating zinc ions in the core as well as periphery positions of the porphyrin ring, we have successfully optimized their triplet excited state quantum yields and their efficiency to generate singlet oxygen. Uniquely, the picolylamine-porphyrin conjugate 3 having five zinc ions exhibited a triplet excited state quantum yield of ca. 0.97 and a sensitized singlet oxygen generation yield of ca. 0.92. In contrast, the free base porphyrin derivative 1 exhibited ca. 0.64 and 0.5 of the triplet excited state and singlet oxygen quantum yields, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the insertion of zinc metal ions in the picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates not only quantitatively enhances the triplet excited state and singlet oxygen yields but also imparts hydrophilicity, thereby their potential use as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy and green photooxygenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Marydasan
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Trivandrum 695019, India
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430
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Hegge AB, Mysterud I, Karlsen J, Skulberg OM, Laane CMM, Schumacher T, Tønnesen HH. Impaired secondary oxidant deactivation capacity and enhanced oxidative stress in serum from alveld affected lambs. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2013; 126:126-134. [PMID: 23954345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alveld is a hepatogenous photosensitivity disorder in lambs. The aim of the study was to investigate if alveld affected lambs had a reduced capacity to handle oxidative stress induced from either endogenous and/or exogenous photosensitizers. Serum samples from alveld lambs (n=33) were compared to serum samples from control lambs (n=31) and exposed to a controlled amount of singlet oxygen ((1)O2). The sera from alveld lambs were found to have an impaired ability to deactivate reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to control sera. A higher degree of initial hemolysis and a higher concentration of the exogenous photosensitizer phytoporphyrin (PP) were detected in alveld sera compared to the controls. The action spectrum for the formation of (1)O2 indicated that PP as well as the endogenous compound protoporphyrin IX (PP IX) may act as in vivo photosensitizers. A relatively high level of iron was detected in pooled serum from alveld lambs that showed a high degree of hemolysis. It was concluded that alveld photosensitivity is likely to be initiated by a photodynamic reaction involving PP and possibly also PP IX followed by a light-independent reaction involving hemoglobin-related products and catalysis by the Fenton reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bee Hegge
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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431
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Asturiol D, Barbatti M. Electronic states of porphycene-O2 complex and photoinduced singlet O2 production. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:074307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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432
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Sack JT, Stephanopoulos N, Austin DC, Francis MB, Trimmer JS. Antibody-guided photoablation of voltage-gated potassium currents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 142:315-24. [PMID: 23940262 PMCID: PMC3753605 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201311023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A family of 40 mammalian voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels control membrane excitability in electrically excitable cells. The contribution of individual Kv channel types to electrophysiological signaling has been difficult to assign, as few selective inhibitors exist for individual Kv subunits. Guided by the exquisite selectivity of immune system interactions, we find potential for antibody conjugates as selective Kv inhibitors. Here, functionally benign anti-Kv channel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were chemically modified to facilitate photoablation of K currents. Antibodies were conjugated to porphyrin compounds that upon photostimulation inflict localized oxidative damage. Anti-Kv4.2 mAb–porphyrin conjugates facilitated photoablation of Kv4.2 currents. The degree of K current ablation was dependent on photon dose and conjugate concentration. Kv channel photoablation was selective for Kv4.2 over Kv4.3 or Kv2.1, yielding specificity not present in existing neurotoxins or other Kv channel inhibitors. We conclude that antibody–porphyrin conjugates are capable of selective photoablation of Kv currents. These findings demonstrate that subtype-specific mAbs that in themselves do not modulate ion channel function are capable of delivering functional payloads to specific ion channel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon T Sack
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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433
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Boikov EV, Sviridova TV, Vishnetskaya MV, Sviridov DV, Kokorin AI. Oxidation of benzene on a vanadium-molybdenum catalyst in the presence of thiophene. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793113050023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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434
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Morgounova E, Shao Q, Hackel BJ, Thomas DD, Ashkenazi S. Photoacoustic lifetime contrast between methylene blue monomers and self-quenched dimers as a model for dual-labeled activatable probes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:56004. [PMID: 23640075 PMCID: PMC4023645 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.5.056004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Activatable photoacoustic probes efficiently combine the high spatial resolution and penetration depth of ultrasound with the high optical contrast and versatility of molecular imaging agents. Our approach is based on photoacoustic probing of the excited-state lifetime of methylene blue (MB), a fluorophore widely used in clinical therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Upon aggregation, static quenching between the bound molecules dramatically shortens their lifetime by three orders of magnitude. We present preliminary results demonstrating the ability of photoacoustic imaging to probe the lifetime contrast between monomers and dimers with high sensitivity in cylindrical phantoms. Gradual dimerization enhancement, driven by the addition of increasing concentrations of sodium sulfate to a MB solution, showed that lifetime-based photoacoustic probing decreases linearly with monomer concentration. Similarly, the addition of 4 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, a concentration that amplifies MB aggregation and reduces the monomer concentration by more than 20-fold, led to a signal decrease of more than 20 dB compared to a solution free of surfactant. These results suggest that photoacoustic imaging can be used to selectively detect the presence of monomers. We conclude by discussing the implementation of the monomer-dimer contrast mechanism for the development of an enzyme-specific activatable probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Morgounova
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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435
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Song HH, Lee JK, Um HS, Chang BS, Lee SY, Lee MK. Phototoxic effect of blue light on the planktonic and biofilm state of anaerobic periodontal pathogens. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2013; 43:72-8. [PMID: 23678390 PMCID: PMC3651940 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2013.43.2.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the phototoxic effects of blue light exposure on periodontal pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm cultures. Methods Strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, in planktonic or biofilm states, were exposed to visible light at wavelengths of 400.520 nm. A quartz-tungsten-halogen lamp at a power density of 500 mW/cm2 was used for the light source. Each sample was exposed to 15, 30, 60, 90, or 120 seconds of each bacterial strain in the planktonic or biofilm state. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to observe the distribution of live/dead bacterial cells in biofilms. After light exposure, the bacterial killing rates were calculated from colony forming unit (CFU) counts. Results CLSM images that were obtained from biofilms showed a mixture of dead and live bacterial cells extending to a depth of 30-45 µm. Obvious differences in the live-to-dead bacterial cell ratio were found in P. gingivalis biofilm according to light exposure time. In the planktonic state, almost all bacteria were killed with 60 seconds of light exposure to F. nucleatum (99.1%) and with 15 seconds to P. gingivalis (100%). In the biofilm state, however, only the CFU of P. gingivalis demonstrated a decreasing tendency with increasing light exposure time, and there was a lower efficacy of phototoxicity to P. gingivalis as biofilm than in the planktonic state. Conclusions Blue light exposure using a dental halogen curing unit is effective in reducing periodontal pathogens in the planktonic state. It is recommended that an adjunctive exogenous photosensitizer be used and that pathogens be exposed to visible light for clinical antimicrobial periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Hwa Song
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
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436
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Singlet oxygen in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: photosensitizer-dependent production and decay in E. coli. Molecules 2013; 18:2712-25. [PMID: 23449068 PMCID: PMC6269980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18032712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Several families of photosensitizers are currently being scrutinized for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy applications. Differences in physical and photochemical properties can lead to different localization patterns as well as differences in singlet oxygen production and decay when the photosensitizers are taken up by bacterial cells. We have examined the production and fate of singlet oxygen in Escherichia coli upon photosensitization with three structurally-different cationic photosensitizers, namely New Methylene Blue N (NMB), a member of the phenothiazine family, ACS268, a hydrophobic porphyrin with a single cationic alkyl chain, and zinc(II)-tetramethyltetrapyridinoporphyrazinium salt, a phthalocyanine-like photosensitizer with four positive charges on the macrocycle core. The kinetics of singlet oxygen production and decay indicate different localization for the three photosensitizers, whereby NMB appears to localize in an aqueous-like microenvironment, whereas ACS268 localizes in an oxygen-shielded site, highly reactive towards singlet oxygen. The tetracationic zinc(II) tetrapyridinoporphyrazine is extensively aggregated in the bacteria and fails to produce any detectable singlet oxygen.
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437
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:159157. [PMID: 23555074 PMCID: PMC3600246 DOI: 10.1155/2013/159157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common multidrug resistant bacteria both in hospitals and in the community. In the last two decades, there has been growing concern about the increasing resistance to MRSA of the most potent antibiotic glycopeptides. MRSA infection poses a serious problem for physicians and their patients. Photosensitizer-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a promising and innovative approach for treating multidrug resistant infection. In spite of encouraging reports of the use of antimicrobial PDT to inactivate MRSA in large in vitro studies, there are only few in vivo studies. Therefore, applying PDT in the clinic for MRSA infection is still a long way off.
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438
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Karunakaran SC, Babu PSS, Madhuri B, Marydasan B, Paul AK, Nair AS, Rao KS, Srinivasan A, Chandrashekar TK, Rao CM, Pillai R, Ramaiah D. In vitro demonstration of apoptosis mediated photodynamic activity and NIR nucleus imaging through a novel porphyrin. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:127-32. [PMID: 23092119 DOI: 10.1021/cb3004622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a novel water-soluble porphyrin THPP and its metalated derivative Zn-THPP having excellent triplet excited state quantum yields and singlet oxygen generation efficiency. When compared to U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved and clinically used sensitizer Photofrin, THPP showed ca. 2-3-fold higher in vitro photodynamic activity in different cell lines under identical conditions. The mechanism of the biological activity of these porphyrin systems has been evaluated through a variety of techniques: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, comet assay, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) cleavage, CM-H(2)DCFDA assay, DNA fragmentation, flow cytometric analysis, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy, which confirm the apoptotic cell death through predominantly reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, THPP showed rapid cellular uptake and are localized in the nucleus of the cells as compared to Hoechst dye and Photofrin, thereby demonstrating its use as an efficient sensitizer in photodynamic therapy and live cell NIR nucleus imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneesh C. Karunakaran
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, Photosciences and Photonics, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum-695019, Kerala, India
| | | | - Bollapalli Madhuri
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad-500 007,
Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Betsy Marydasan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, Photosciences and Photonics, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum-695019, Kerala, India
| | - Albish K. Paul
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, Photosciences and Photonics, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum-695019, Kerala, India
| | - Asha S. Nair
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum-695014, Kerala, India
| | - K. Sridhar Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad-500 007,
Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Alagar Srinivasan
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar-751005,
Odisha, India
| | | | - Ch. Mohan Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad-500 007,
Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Danaboyina Ramaiah
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, Photosciences and Photonics, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum-695019, Kerala, India
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439
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Dosselli R, Tampieri C, Ruiz-González R, De Munari S, Ragàs X, Sánchez-García D, Agut M, Nonell S, Reddi E, Gobbo M. Synthesis, characterization, and photoinduced antibacterial activity of porphyrin-type photosensitizers conjugated to the antimicrobial peptide apidaecin 1b. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1052-63. [PMID: 23231466 DOI: 10.1021/jm301509n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an emerging treatment for bacterial infections that is becoming increasingly more attractive because of its effectiveness against multi-antibiotic-resistant strains and unlikelihood of inducing bacterial resistance. Among the strategies to enhance the efficacy of PDT against Gram-negative bacteria, the binding to a cationic antimicrobial peptide offers the attractive prospect for improving both the water solubilty and the localization of the photoactive drug in bacteria. In this work we have compared a number of free and apidaecin-conjugated photosensitizers (PSs) differing in structure and charge. Our results indicate that the conjugation of per se ineffective highly hydrophobic PSs to a cationic peptide produces a photosensitizing agent effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Apidaecin cannot improve the phototoxic activity of cationic PSs, which mainly depends on a very high yield of singlet oxygen production in the surroundings of the bacterial outer membrane. Apidaecin-PS conjugates appear most promising for treatment protocols requiring repeated washing after sensitizer delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dosselli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, I-35121 Padova, Italy
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440
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Wang JTW, Berg K, Høgset A, Bown SG, MacRobert AJ. Photophysical and photobiological properties of a sulfonated chlorin photosensitiser TPCS2afor photochemical internalisation (PCI). Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:519-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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441
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Hydrogen bond acceptors and additional cationic charges in methylene blue derivatives: photophysics and antimicrobial efficiency. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:482167. [PMID: 23509728 PMCID: PMC3591237 DOI: 10.1155/2013/482167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation of bacteria (PIB) by efficient singlet oxygen photosensitizers might be a beneficial alternative to antibiotics in the struggle against multiresistant bacteria. Phenothiazinium dyes belong to the most prominent classes of such sensitizers due to their intense absorption in the red-light region (λabs, max ca. 600–680 nm, ε > 50000 L mol−1 cm−1), their low toxicity, and their attachment/penetration abilities. Except simple substituents like alkyl or hydroxyalkyl residues, nearly no modifications of the phenothiaziniums have been pursued at the auxochromic sites. By this, the properties of methylene blue derivatives and their fields of application are limited; it remains unclear if their potential antimicrobial efficacy may be enhanced, also to compete with porphyrins. We prepared a set of six mainly novel methylene blue derivatives with the ability of additional hydrogen bonding and/or additional cationic charges to study the substituents' effect on their activity/toxicity profiles and photophysical properties. Direct detection of singlet oxygen was performed at 1270 nm and the singlet oxygen quantum yields were determined. In suspensions with both, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, some derivatives were highly active upon illumination to inactivate S. aureus and E. coli up to 7 log10 steps (99.99999%) without inherent toxicities in the nonirradiated state.
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442
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Johnson GA, Muthukrishnan N, Pellois JP. Photoinactivation of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria with the antimicrobial peptide (KLAKLAK)(2) conjugated to the hydrophilic photosensitizer eosin Y. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 24:114-23. [PMID: 23240991 DOI: 10.1021/bc3005254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We test the hypothesis that the antimicrobial peptide (KLAKLAK)(2) enhances the photodynamic activity of the photosensitizer eosin Y upon conjugation. The conjugate eosin-(KLAKLAK)(2) was obtained by solid-phase peptide synthesis. Photoinactivation assays were performed against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AYE, as well as the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus , and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Partitioning assays were performed with E. coli and S. aureus . Photohemolysis and photokilling assays were also performed to assess the photodynamic activity of the conjugate toward mammalian cells. Eosin-(KLAKLAK)(2) photoinactivates 99.999% of 10(8) CFU/mL of most bacteria tested at a concentration of 1 μM or below. In contrast, neither eosin Y nor (KLAKLAK)(2) cause any significant photoinactivation under similar conditions. The increase in photodynamic activity of the photosensitizer conferred by the antimicrobial peptide is in part due to the fact that (KLAKLAK)(2) promotes the association of eosin Y to bacteria. Eosin-(KLAKLAK)(2) does not significantly associate with red blood cells or the cultured mammalian cell lines HaCaT, COS-7, and COLO 316. Consequently, little photodamage or photokilling is observed with these cells under conditions for which bacterial photoinactivation is achieved. The peptide (KLAKLAK)(2) therefore significantly enhances the photodynamic activity of eosin Y toward both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria while interacting minimally with human cells. Overall, our results suggest that antimicrobial peptides such as (KLAKLAK)(2) might serve as attractive agents that can target photosensitizers to bacteria specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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443
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Hirohara S, Kawasaki Y, Funasako R, Yasui N, Totani M, Alitomo H, Yuasa J, Kawai T, Oka C, Kawaichi M, Obata M, Tanihara M. Sugar and Heavy Atom Effects of Glycoconjugated Chlorin Palladium Complex on Photocytotoxicity. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1881-90. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300223j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Hirohara
- Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Ube National College of Technology, 2-14-1 Tokiwadai, Ube 755-8555, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiroki Alitomo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Osaka Prefectural College of Technology, Osaka 572-8572,
Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Makoto Obata
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate School
of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
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444
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Odo J, Torimoto SI, Nakanishi S, Niitani T, Aoki H, Inoguchi M, Yamasaki Y. Photodegradation of environmental mutagens by visible irradiation in the presence of xanthene dyes as photosensitizers. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:846-53. [PMID: 22790816 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c12-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The photodegradation of environmental mutagens, such as 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2), 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAαC), and 2-amino-3-methyl-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), was investigated by visible irradiation in the presence of xanthene dyes as photosensitizers. Although the environmental mutagens themselves were very stable during visible irradiation under the conditions in this study, they were effectively photodegraded in the presence of the xanthene dyes (erythrosine, rose bengal, and phloxine). Moreover, photodegradation of the mutagens was further enhanced for xanthene dyes loaded onto a water-soluble diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-dextran anion-exchanger via ionic interactions (xanthene-dyeDEX). Photodegradation was inhibited by O2 removal from the reaction solution. In ESR spin-trapping experiments using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) as a trapping reagent, signals characteristic of DMPO-•OH (hydroxyl radical) were observed in the presence of xanthene-dyeDEX. These results suggest that reactive oxygen species derived from O2, such as singlet molecular oxygen (•1O2) and/or •OH, were active participants in photodegradation of the mutagens in the presence of xanthene dyes or xanthene-dyeDEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Odo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Ridai-cho 1–1, Kita, Okayama, Japan.
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445
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Chitambar M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Rockett A, Maldonado S. Dye-Sensitized Photocathodes: Efficient Light-Stimulated Hole Injection into p-GaP Under Depletion Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10670-81. [PMID: 22734693 DOI: 10.1021/ja304019n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yiming Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin
Film Device and Technology, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Angus Rockett
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana,
Illinois 61801, United States
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446
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Peceli D, Webster S, Fishman DA, Cirloganu CM, Hu H, Przhonska OV, Kurdyukov VV, Slominsky YL, Tolmachev AI, Kachkovski AD, Dasari RR, Barlow S, Marder SR, Hagan DJ, Van Stryland EW. Optimization of the Double Pump–Probe Technique: Decoupling the Triplet Yield and Cross Section. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4833-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301051u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olga V. Przhonska
- Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev 03028,
Ukraine
| | | | - Yurii L. Slominsky
- Institute
of Organic
Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev 03094, Ukraine
| | - Alexey I. Tolmachev
- Institute
of Organic
Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev 03094, Ukraine
| | - Alexey D. Kachkovski
- Institute
of Organic
Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev 03094, Ukraine
| | - Raghunath R. Dasari
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Seth R. Marder
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
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447
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Abstract
The current state of pharmaceutical development of porphyrin-type macrocycles in medicine is highlighted. Currently, several porphyrinoid-based drugs are under various stages of development as phototherapeutic agents, X-ray radiation enhancers and boron neutron capture agents. These compounds represent a burgeoning class of pharmacological agents that are potentially useful in an array of treatment areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- TARAK D. MODY
- Pharmacyclics, Inc., 995 East Arques Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA
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448
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Figueira F, Cavaleiro JA, Tomé JP. Silica nanoparticles functionalized with porphyrins and analogs for biomedical studies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611003653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This review focus on the preparation of silica nanoparticles functionalized with porphyrins and related compounds. It is aimed to highlight their features as photosensitizers in the area of photodynamic therapy. In this field, photosensitizers have been covalently and non-covalently linked to silica nanoparticles, in order to study their photophysical and biological properties. Another fascinating scenario for photosensitizer-silica nanoparticles hybrids involves the possibility of including metal cores for conditioning the uptake in the target cells, allowing most of the times the combination of therapies and in certain conditions to facilitate the removal and reutilization of the photosensitizer in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Figueira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - João P.C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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449
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Scholz M, Dĕdic R, Miguel M, Lavilla R, Nonell S. Thiazolyl-substituted porphyrins as standards for singlet molecular oxygen photosensitization. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611004129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thiazolyl- and bithiazolyl-substituted porphyrins have been characterized to assess their potential as new standards for singlet molecular oxygen photosensitization. Their absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence and triplet–triplet spectra are slightly red-shifted relative to those of tetraphenylporphine (TPP), a well-established singlet molecular oxygen standard. Likewise, the singlet and triplet lifetimes, as well as the fluorescence quantum yields are roughly one order of magnitude smaller than those of TPP, while the triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields increase concomitantly to ca. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Scholz
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics & Physics, Department of Chemical Physics & Optics, CR-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Molecular Engineering Group, IQS School of Engineering, University Ramon Llull, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman Dĕdic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics & Physics, Department of Chemical Physics & Optics, CR-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miriam Miguel
- Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baliri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baliri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Molecular Engineering Group, IQS School of Engineering, University Ramon Llull, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
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Wagnert L, Berg A, Stavitski E, Luobeznova I, Gross Z, Levanon H. Structure-function relationship in antimony corrole photosensitizers: Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance and optical study. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424607000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Three photosensitizers based on tris-(pentafluorophenyl)antimony corroles that differ in oxidation state and axial ligands, namely, (pyridine) Sb (III)-, (oxo) Sb (V)- and (difluoro) Sb (V) complexes, were studied by time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and laser flash photolysis. The magnetic and orientational parameters of the corroles oriented in a nematic liquid crystal as well as their triplet lifetimes in liquid toluene were determined and interpreted in terms of their structure and geometry. The negative zero-field splitting parameter D assigned to all studied corroles is explained by the asymmetric π-electron withdrawal effect caused by perfluorinated peripheral aryl groups, which force the triplet electron spins to align in head-to-tail configuration. The effect of the axial ligands on the photoexcited triplet state properties of the corroles is correlated with their different efficiency to perform photoassisted aerobic oxygenation of some organic molecules. This is explained by the dependence of the main parameters of the photoexcited complexes on the interaction between the central ion and corrole π-system. This interaction is strongly influenced by axial ligands coordination, affecting the macrocycle symmetry, planarity, and rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Wagnert
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Alexander Berg
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Eli Stavitski
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Inna Luobeznova
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Haim Levanon
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Farkas Center for Light-Induced Processes, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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