401
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Saleh T, Tyutynuk-Massey L, Cudjoe EK, Idowu MO, Landry JW, Gewirtz DA. Non-Cell Autonomous Effects of the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype in Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2018; 8:164. [PMID: 29868482 PMCID: PMC5968105 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to promoting various forms of cell death, most conventional anti-tumor therapies also promote senescence. There is now extensive evidence that therapy-induced senescence (TIS) might be transient, raising the concern that TIS could represent an undesirable outcome of therapy by providing a mechanism for tumor dormancy and eventual disease recurrence. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a hallmark of TIS and may contribute to aberrant effects of cancer therapy. Here, we propose that the SASP may also serve as a major driver of escape from senescence and the re-emergence of proliferating tumor cells, wherein factors secreted from the senescent cells contribute to the restoration of tumor growth in a non-cell autonomous fashion. Accordingly, anti-SASP therapies might serve to mitigate the deleterious outcomes of TIS. In addition to providing an overview of the putative actions of the SASP, we discuss recent efforts to identify and eliminate senescent tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Liliya Tyutynuk-Massey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Emmanuel K Cudjoe
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Michael O Idowu
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Joseph W Landry
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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402
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Optimization to detect TP53 mutations in circulating cell-free tumor DNA from patients with serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2018; 61:328-336. [PMID: 29780774 PMCID: PMC5956115 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2018.61.3.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA) is the DNA released by apoptotic and necrotic cells of the primary tumor into the blood during the period of tumor development. The cfDNA reflects the genetic and epigenetic alterations of the original tumor. TP53 mutations are a defining feature of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. We optimized the methods for detecting TP53 mutations in cfDNA from blood samples. We confirmed the correlation of TP53 mutation in primary ovarian cancer tissue and it in cfDNA using digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR). Methods We found 12 frequent mutation sites in TP53 using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer data and manufactured 12 primers. The mutations in tissues were evaluated in fresh-frozen tissue (FFT) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET). We performed a prospective analysis of serial plasma samples collected from 4 patients before debulking surgery. We extracted cfDNA and calculated its concentration in blood. dPCR was used to analyze TP53 mutations in cfDNA, and we compared TP53 mutations in ovarian cancer tissue with those in cfDNA. Results Ten primers out of 12 detected the presence of TP53 mutations in FFT, FFPET, and cfDNA. In FFT and FFPET tissue, there were no significant differences. The average cfDNA concentration was 2.12±0.59 ng/mL. We also confirmed that mutations of cfDNA and those of FFT were all in R282W site. Conclusion This study developed detection methods for TP53 mutations in cfDNA in ovarian cancer patients using dPCR. The results demonstrated that there are the same TP53 mutations in both ovarian cancer tissue and cfDNA.
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403
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Gupta P, Zaidi AH, Manna SK. Suppression of IKK, but not activation of p53 is responsible for cell death mediated by naturally occurring oxidized tetranortriterpenoid. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6828-6841. [PMID: 29738082 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tetranortriterpenoids (limonoids) obtained from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) have gained significant attention due to their anti-proliferative properties. Here we are investigating the role of a highly oxidized tetranortriterpenoid, azadirachtin on induction of the cell death. Using various apoptotic assays, we show that azadirachtin induces cell death independent of cell types. Although azadirachtin-treated cells show increased expression of p53, but no phosphorylation of p53 (at Ser15 and Ser46) is detected. In silico analysis reveals that azadirachtin interacts with Mdm2 in the p53 binding site, postulating the mutually exclusive interaction of p53 and azadirachtin with Mdm2. Surprisingly, azadirachtin potentiates cell death efficiently in both p53 wild-type and p53 negative cells. In addition, we find azadirachtin suppresses nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-κB) by inhibiting the phosphorylation of upstream inhibitory subunit of NF-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK). Further, azadirachtin is unable to potentiate apoptosis in NF-κB-downregulated (IκB-DN) cells, whereas ectopic expression of p65 rescues azadirachtin-mediated apoptosis, regardless of their p53 status. Hence, our data suggest that azadirachtin mediates cell death through inhibition of NF-κB, but not due to the activation of p53. In conclusion, this study proposes azadirachtin as a potential therapeutic agent where insensitivity toward chemotherapy occurs due to the inactivation or mutations in p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Gupta
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Adeel H Zaidi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sunil K Manna
- Laboratory of Immunology and Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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404
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ElBadre HM, El-Mahdy RI, Mohamed NA, Zakhary MM, Maximous DW. Tissue Indices of Telomere Length and p53 in Patients with Different Gastrointestinal Tumors: Correlation with Clinicopathological Status. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:764-778. [PMID: 29730783 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Telomere length dysfunction is involved in the generation of genomic rearrangements that drive progression to malignancy. A set of serological markers for telomere dysfunction, namely chitinase and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), DNA damage, and tissue alteration of p53 have been identified. The probability that genomic damage, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and shorter telomeres may be related to the onset and advancement of gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. A total of 40 patients with GI tumors and 20 healthy controls with matched age and sex were included. Estimation of serum chitinase, NAG, lipid peroxide (LPER), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase by colorimetric methods, and p53 by ELISA were assessed. Related clinicopathological features were determined. Serological chitinase, NO, LPER, and p53 were significantly increased, SOD was significantly decreased (p ˂ 0.001 for each) in GI tumor patients compared with controls and correlated significantly with age. There was a significant correlation between telomere dysfunction indices, p53, oxidative stress indices, and malignant stages of GI cancer patients. Moreover, a significant difference in the mean serum levels of indices between control, malignant, and benign subjects was found. Accordingly, these biomarkers play an important role in the pathogenesis of GI cancer and their estimation may predict the GI tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M ElBadre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Reham I El-Mahdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Nahed A Mohamed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Madeha M Zakhary
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa W Maximous
- Department of Surgical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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405
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Simabuco FM, Morale MG, Pavan IC, Morelli AP, Silva FR, Tamura RE. p53 and metabolism: from mechanism to therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23780-23823. [PMID: 29805774 PMCID: PMC5955117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cell changes itself and its microenvironment to adapt to different situations, including action of drugs and other agents targeting tumor control. Therefore, metabolism plays an important role in the activation of survival mechanisms to keep the cell proliferative potential. The Warburg effect directs the cellular metabolism towards an aerobic glycolytic pathway, despite the fact that it generates less adenosine triphosphate than oxidative phosphorylation; because it creates the building blocks necessary for cell proliferation. The transcription factor p53 is the master tumor suppressor; it binds to more than 4,000 sites in the genome and regulates the expression of more than 500 genes. Among these genes are important regulators of metabolism, affecting glucose, lipids and amino acids metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and growth factors signaling. Wild-type and mutant p53 may have opposing effects in the expression of these metabolic genes. Therefore, depending on the p53 status of the cell, drugs that target metabolism may have different outcomes and metabolism may modulate drug resistance. Conversely, induction of p53 expression may regulate differently the tumor cell metabolism, inducing senescence, autophagy and apoptosis, which are dependent on the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or ROS induction. The interplay between p53 and metabolism is essential in the decision of cell fate and for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M. Simabuco
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian G. Morale
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora C.B. Pavan
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Morelli
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R. Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Properties in Foods, School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo E. Tamura
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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406
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Chan KK, Wong ESY, Wong OGW, Ngan HYS, Cheung ANY. Identification of nonsynonymous TP53 mutations in hydatidiform moles. Mutat Res 2018; 809:20-23. [PMID: 29655027 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydatidiform mole (HM), an unusual pregnancy with pure or predominant paternal genetic contribution, is the most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease. Most HM regress after uterine evacuation but some will develop into persistent disease or even frank malignancy. Although p53 is highly expressed in HM, TP53 mutations have rarely been detected in previous studies. Here we screened for specific missense mutations on several TP53 hotspots in 49 HMs using a highly sensitive pyrosequencing approach and revealed the significant existence of such mutations in HM tissues. A particularly high frequency (∼59% of the cases) of p53 inactivating mutation on exon 7 has been detected. Our identification of hitherto unreported TP53 mutations in HM suggests the presence of p53 mutants and reflects the advantages of using pyrosequencing for point mutation detection in clinical samples. Traditional sequencing method may have overlooked such mutations that only occur in a small population of trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Kui Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Esther Shuk-Ying Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oscar Gee-Wan Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hextan Yuen-Sheung Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Annie Nga-Yin Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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407
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Rhee JK, Kim TM. Population-based statistical inference for temporal sequence of somatic mutations in cancer genomes. BMC Med Genomics 2018; 11:29. [PMID: 29697365 PMCID: PMC5918460 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well recognized that accumulation of somatic mutations in cancer genomes plays a role in carcinogenesis; however, the temporal sequence and evolutionary relationship of somatic mutations remain largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we built a population-based statistical framework to infer the temporal sequence of acquisition of somatic mutations. Using the model, we analyzed the mutation profiles of 1954 tumor specimens across eight tumor types. RESULTS As a result, we identified tumor type-specific directed networks composed of 2-15 cancer-related genes (nodes) and their mutational orders (edges). The most common ancestors identified in pairwise comparison of somatic mutations were TP53 mutations in breast, head/neck, and lung cancers. The known relationship of KRAS to TP53 mutations in colorectal cancers was identified, as well as potential ancestors of TP53 mutation such as NOTCH1, EGFR, and PTEN mutations in head/neck, lung and endometrial cancers, respectively. We also identified apoptosis-related genes enriched with ancestor mutations in lung cancers and a relationship between APC hotspot mutations and TP53 mutations in colorectal cancers. CONCLUSION While evolutionary analysis of cancers has focused on clonal versus subclonal mutations identified in individual genomes, our analysis aims to further discriminate ancestor versus descendant mutations in population-scale mutation profiles that may help select cancer drivers with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Keun Rhee
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Min Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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408
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Kalathil D, Prasad M, Chelladurai M, John S, Nair AS. Thiostrepton degrades mutant p53 by eliciting an autophagic response in SW480 cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6938-6950. [PMID: 29665004 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in p53 gene are one of the hallmarks of tumor development. Specific targeting of mutant p53 protein has a promising role in cancer therapeutics. Our preliminary observation showed destabilization of mutant p53 protein in SW480, MiaPaCa and MDAMB231 cell lines upon thiostrepton treatment. In order to elucidate the mechanism of thiostrepton triggered mutant p53 degradation, we explored the impact of proteasome inhibition on activation of autophagy. Combined treatment of thiostrepton and cycloheximide/chloroquine prevented the degradation of mutant p53 protein, reinforcing autophagy as the means of mutant p53 destabilization. Our initial studies suggested that mutant p53 degradation post THSP treatment was carried out by BAG3 mediated autophagy, based on the evidence of BAG1 to BAG3 switching. Subsequent interactome analysis performed post thiostrepton treatment revealed an association of p53 with autophagosome complex associated proteins such as BAG3, p62 and HSC70. Reaccumulation of p53 was seen in BAG3 silenced cells treated with thiostrepton, thereby confirming the role of BAG3 in destabilization of this molecule. Further, localization of p53 into the lysosome upon THSP treatment substantiated our findings that mutant p53 was degraded by an autopahgic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Kalathil
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Manu Prasad
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Maharrish Chelladurai
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Samu John
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Asha S Nair
- Cancer Research Program-4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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409
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Tsafou K, Tiwari PB, Forman-Kay JD, Metallo SJ, Toretsky JA. Targeting Intrinsically Disordered Transcription Factors: Changing the Paradigm. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:2321-2341. [PMID: 29655986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased understanding of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and protein regions has revolutionized our view of the relationship between protein structure and function. Data now support that IDPs can be functional in the absence of a single, fixed, three-dimensional structure. Due to their dynamic morphology, IDPs have the ability to display a range of kinetics and affinity depending on what the system requires, as well as the potential for large-scale association. Although several studies have shed light on the functional properties of IDPs, the class of intrinsically disordered transcription factors (TFs) is still poorly characterized biophysically due to their combination of ordered and disordered sequences. In addition, TF modulation by small molecules has long been considered a difficult or even impossible task, limiting functional probe development. However, with evolving technology, it is becoming possible to characterize TF structure-function relationships in unprecedented detail and explore avenues not available or not considered in the past. Here we provide an introduction to the biophysical properties of intrinsically disordered TFs and we discuss recent computational and experimental efforts toward understanding the role of intrinsically disordered TFs in biology and disease. We describe a series of successful TF targeting strategies that have overcome the perception of the "undruggability" of TFs, providing new leads on drug development methodologies. Lastly, we discuss future challenges and opportunities to enhance our understanding of the structure-function relationship of intrinsically disordered TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsafou
- Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road Northwest, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - P B Tiwari
- Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road Northwest, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - J D Forman-Kay
- Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - S J Metallo
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - J A Toretsky
- Department of Oncology and Pediatrics, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road Northwest, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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410
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Zhou Y, Wang K, Zhou N, Huang T, Zhu J, Li J. Butein activates p53 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via blocking MDM2-mediated ubiquitination. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:2007-2015. [PMID: 29670376 PMCID: PMC5898589 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s160119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of butein on p53 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the related molecular mechanisms by which p53 was activated. Methods MTS assay and clonogenic survival assay were used to examine the antitumor activity of butein in vitro. Reporter gene assay was adopted to evaluate p53 transcriptional activity. Flow cytometry and western blotting were performed to study apoptosis induction and protein expression respectively. Xenograft model was applied to determine the in vivo efficacy and the expression of p53 in tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results HCC cell proliferation and clonogenic survival were significantly inhibited after butein treatment. With the activation of cleaved-PARP and capsase-3, butein induced apoptosis in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. The transcriptional activity of p53 was substantially promoted by butein, and the expression of p53-targeted gene was increased accordingly. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the interaction between MDM2 and p53 was blocked by butein and MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination was substantially decreased. Short-hairpin RNA experiment results showed that the sensitivity of HCC cells to butein was substantially impaired after p53 was knocked down and butein-induced apoptosis was dramatically decreased. In vivo experiments validated substantial antitumor efficacy of butein against HepG2 xenograft growth, and the expression of p53 in butein-treated tumor tissue was significantly increased. Conclusion Butein demonstrated potent antitumor activities in HCC by activating p53, and butein or its analogs had therapeutic potential for HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhou
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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411
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Padmanabhan A, Candelaria N, Wong KK, Nikolai BC, Lonard DM, O'Malley BW, Richards JS. USP15-dependent lysosomal pathway controls p53-R175H turnover in ovarian cancer cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1270. [PMID: 29593334 PMCID: PMC5871815 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03599-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function p53 mutants such as p53-R175H form stable aggregates that accumulate in cells and play important roles in cancer progression. Selective degradation of gain-of-function p53 mutants has emerged as a highly attractive therapeutic strategy to target cancer cells harboring specific p53 mutations. We identified a small molecule called MCB-613 to cause rapid ubiquitination, nuclear export, and degradation of p53-R175H through a lysosome-mediated pathway, leading to catastrophic cancer cell death. In contrast to its effect on the p53-R175H mutant, MCB-613 causes slight stabilization of p53-WT and has weaker effects on other p53 gain-of-function mutants. Using state-of-the-art genetic and chemical approaches, we identified the deubiquitinase USP15 as the mediator of MCB-613's effect on p53-R175H, and established USP15 as a selective upstream regulator of p53-R175H in ovarian cancer cells. These results confirm that distinct pathways regulate the turnover of p53-WT and the different p53 mutants and open new opportunities to selectively target them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuth Padmanabhan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Nicholes Candelaria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kwong-Kwok Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine - Research, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bryan C Nikolai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David M Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - JoAnne S Richards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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412
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Ranjan A, Iwakuma T. Emerging Non-Canonical Functions and Regulation of p53. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041015. [PMID: 29597309 PMCID: PMC5979425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Ranjan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA.
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA.
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Mercy Hospital Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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413
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Shteinfer-Kuzmine A, Arif T, Krelin Y, Tripathi SS, Paul A, Shoshan-Barmatz V. Mitochondrial VDAC1-based peptides: Attacking oncogenic properties in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31329-31346. [PMID: 28412744 PMCID: PMC5458211 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a primary brain malignancy characterized by high morbidity, invasiveness, proliferation, relapse and mortality, is resistant to chemo- and radiotherapies and lacks effective treatment. GBM tumors undergo metabolic reprograming and develop anti-apoptotic defenses. We targeted GBM with a peptide derived from the mitochondrial protein voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), a key component of cell energy, metabolism and apoptosis regulation. VDAC1-based cell-penetrating peptides perturbed cell energy and metabolic homeostasis and induced apoptosis in several GBM and GBM-derived stem cell lines. We found that the peptides simultaneously attacked several oncogenic properties of human U-87MG cells introduced into sub-cutaneous xenograft mouse model, inhibiting tumor growth, invasion, and cellular metabolism, stemness and inducing apoptosis. Peptide-treated tumors showed decreased expression of all tested metabolism-related enzymes and transporters, and elevated levels of apoptotic proteins, such as p53, cytochrome c and caspases. Retro-Tf-D-LP4, containing the human transferrin receptor (TfR)-recognition sequence, crossed the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via the TfR that is highly expressed in the BBB to strongly inhibit tumor growth in an intracranial xenograft mouse model. In summary, the VDAC1-based peptides tested here offer a potentially affordable and innovative new conceptual therapeutic paradigm that might overcome GBM stemness and invasiveness and reduce relapse rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Tasleem Arif
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yakov Krelin
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Shambhoo Sharan Tripathi
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Avijit Paul
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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414
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Siburian MD, Suriapranata IM, Wanandi SI. Pre-S2 Start Codon Mutation of Hepatitis B Virus Subgenotype B3 Effects on NF-κB Expression and Activation in Huh7 Cell Lines. Viral Immunol 2018; 31:362-370. [PMID: 29652648 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2017.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study on hepatitis B patients in Indonesia showed association of pre-S2 start codon mutation (M120 V) with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which was dissimilar from studies from other populations where pre-S2 deletion mutation was more prevalent. Different mutation patterns were attributed to different hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotypes in each population study. HBV surface proteins are reported to induce the activation of NF-κB, a transcriptional factor known to play an important role in the development of liver disease. This study aimed to see the effects of HBs variants in HBV subgenotype B3 on the expression and activation of NF-κB as one of the mechanisms in inducing advanced liver disease. HBV subgenotypes B3, each carrying wild-type (wt) HBs, M120 V, and pre-S2 deletion mutation were isolated from three HCC patients. HBs genes were amplified and cloned into pcDNA3.1 and were transfected using Lipofectamine into a Huh7 cell line. NF-κB activation was measured through IκB-α expression, which is regulated by NF-κB. RNA expressions for HBs, IκB-α, and NF-κB subunit (p50) were evaluated using real-time PCR. M120 V mutant had a significantly higher mRNA level compared with wt and pre-S2 deletion mutant; however, there were no significant differences in HBs protein expressions. The transcription level of p50 was higher in M120 V mutation compared with HBs wild-type and pre-S2 deletion mutant. NF-κB activation was higher in HBs wild-type compared with the two mutant variants. Pre-S2 mutations had no effect on the increment of NF-κB activation. However, M120 V mutation may utilize a different pathway in liver disease progression that involves high expression of NF-κB subunit, p50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlinang Diarta Siburian
- 1 Mochtar Riady Institute for Nanotechnology , Banten, Indonesia
- 2 Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia , Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Septelia Inawati Wanandi
- 2 Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia , Jakarta, Indonesia
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415
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Fan X, Lu H, Cui Y, Hou X, Huang C, Liu G. Overexpression of p53 delivered using recombinant NDV induces apoptosis in glioma cells by regulating the apoptotic signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4522-4530. [PMID: 29731836 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most common primary brain carcinoma in the world and has a poor survival rate. Previous studies have demonstrated that p53 dysfunction contributes to the development and severity of malignant glioma. It has also been demonstrated that Newcastle disease virus (NDV) may be a viable candidate for the treatment of various types of cancer. In the present study, a p53 oncolytic agent delivered using recombinant NDV (rNDV-p53) was constructed and its anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo were assessed. Glioma cell lines and a xenograft mouse model were utilized to assess the ability of p53 and rNDV to promote apoptosis and induce immunotherapy, respectively. The mechanism of rNDV-p53 in glioma therapy was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses and lymphocyte infiltration were also analyzed in glioma-bearing models. The results of the present study demonstrate that rNDV-p53 may be a potential therapeutic agent that improves the prognosis of mice with glioma. It was revealed that rNDV-p53 inhibits glioma cell growth and aggressiveness in vitro and in vivo compared with rNDV and p53 alone. The results also demonstrated that rNDV-p53 induced glioma cell apoptosis by upregulating apoptosis-related genes. In addition, the present study demonstrated that rNDV-p53 significantly stimulated CTL responses and lymphocyte infiltration whilst increasing the number of apoptotic bodies in vivo. Furthermore, rNDV-p53 therapy inhibited tumor regression and prolonged the survival of glioma-bearing mice. In conclusion, rNDV-p53 invoked an immune response against glioma cells, which may serve as a comprehensive immunotherapeutic schedule for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhen Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
| | - Youqiang Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
| | - Xianzeng Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
| | - Chuanjiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
| | - Guangcun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 329900, P.R. China
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416
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Antiangiogenesis and gene aberration-related therapy may improve overall survival in patients with concurrent KRAS and TP53 hotspot mutant cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33796-33806. [PMID: 28430579 PMCID: PMC5464912 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Genetic alterations such as activating KRAS and/or inactivating TP53 are thought to be the most common drivers to tumorigenesis. Therefore, we assessed phase I cancer patients with KRAS+/TP53+ mutations. Results Approximately 8% of patients referred to phase I clinical trials harbored concurrent KRAS and TP53 mutations. Patients who received a phase I trial therapy (n = 57) had a median OS of 12 months, compared with 4.6 months in those who were not treated (n = 106; p = 0.003). KRAS G13 and TP53 R273 mutations were associated with poor overall survival (OS), while antiangiogenesis and gene aberration-related therapies were associated with prolonged OS. A prognostic model using neutrophilia, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, body mass index <30 kg/m2, and the absence of lung metastasis was established and validated. Phase I cancer patients in the low-risk group had a median OS of 16.6 months compared with 5.4 months in the high-risk group (p < 0.001). Untreated patients in the low-risk group had a median OS of 6.7 months compared with 3.6 months in the high-risk group (p = 0.033). Experimental Design We analyzed 163 consecutive patients with advanced KRAS+/TP53+ mutant cancer who were referred to phase I clinical trials, to identify molecular aberrations, clinical characteristics, survivals, and potentially effective treatment regimens. Conclusions This study provided preliminary evidence that besides modulation of the proinflammatory state, antiangiogensis and concomitant gene aberration-related therapies may improve the treatment of KRAS+/TP53+ mutant cancer.
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417
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Xiao SW, Xu YZ, Xiao BF, Jiang J, Liu CQ, Fang ZW, Li DM, Li XF, Cai Y, Li YH, Sun Y, Su X, Zhu GY, Zhang SW. Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 Gene Therapy for Advanced Unresectable Soft-Tissue Sarcomas. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:699-707. [PMID: 29284287 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with unresectable advanced soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) receiving radiotherapy or/and chemotherapy still have a poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and safety of recombinant adenovirus-p53 (rAd-p53) gene therapy combined with radiotherapy and hyperthermia for advanced STS. A total of 71 patients with advanced unresectable STS treated at the authors' center from April 2007 to November 2014 were included. Of these 71 patients, 36 cases received rAd-p53 therapy combined with radiotherapy and hyperthermia (p53 group), while 35 cases received radiotherapy and hyperthermia alone (control group). Short-term therapeutic efficacies, long-term survival outcomes, and adverse events were evaluated and compared between groups. Compared to the control group, the p53 group had a significantly higher disease control rate (83.33% vs. 54.29%; p = 0.008) and a lower progressive disease rate (16.67% vs. 45.71%; p = 0.018). In addition, rAd-p53 treatment significantly improved the progression-free survival and overall survival of STS patients. Cox regression indicated that rAd-p53 treatment significantly reduced the risks for disease progression or death event for STS patients. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in all adverse events, except for transient fever, which occurred in 89% of patients with rAd-p53 therapy. rAd-p53 combined with radiotherapy and hyperthermia can effectively improve the therapeutic efficacy and survival outcomes in patients with advanced unresectable STS, providing a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Wen Xiao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Zhi Xu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China.,2 Department of Oncology and Hematology, Chongqing the Third Hospital , Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bu-Fan Xiao
- 3 The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China.,4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Tisinghua Changgung Hospital, Medical Center, Tisinghua University , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Fang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ming Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Fan Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Cai
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Heng Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xing Su
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ying Zhu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shan Wen Zhang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute , Beijing, P.R. China
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418
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Katz C, Low-Calle AM, Choe JH, Laptenko O, Tong D, Joseph-Chowdhury JSN, Garofalo F, Zhu Y, Friedler A, Prives C. Wild-type and cancer-related p53 proteins are preferentially degraded by MDM2 as dimers rather than tetramers. Genes Dev 2018; 32:430-447. [PMID: 29549180 PMCID: PMC5900715 DOI: 10.1101/gad.304071.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor protein is the most well studied as a regulator of transcription in the nucleus, where it exists primarily as a tetramer. However, there are other oligomeric states of p53 that are relevant to its regulation and activities. In unstressed cells, p53 is normally held in check by MDM2 that targets p53 for transcriptional repression, proteasomal degradation, and cytoplasmic localization. Here we discovered a hydrophobic region within the MDM2 N-terminal domain that binds exclusively to the dimeric form of the p53 C-terminal domain in vitro. In cell-based assays, MDM2 exhibits superior binding to, hyperdegradation of, and increased nuclear exclusion of dimeric p53 when compared with tetrameric wild-type p53. Correspondingly, impairing the hydrophobicity of the newly identified N-terminal MDM2 region leads to p53 stabilization. Interestingly, we found that dimeric mutant p53 is partially unfolded and is a target for ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S proteasome. Finally, forcing certain tumor-derived mutant forms of p53 into dimer configuration results in hyperdegradation of mutant p53 and inhibition of p53-mediated cancer cell migration. Gaining insight into different oligomeric forms of p53 may provide novel approaches to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Katz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Ana Maria Low-Calle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Joshua H Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Oleg Laptenko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - David Tong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | | | - Francesca Garofalo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | | | - Assaf Friedler
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Carol Prives
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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419
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Zykova T, Zhu F, Wang L, Li H, Lim DY, Yao K, Roh E, Yoon SP, Kim HG, Bae KB, Wen W, Shin SH, Nadas J, Li Y, Ma W, Bode AM, Dong Z. Targeting PRPK Function Blocks Colon Cancer Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1101-1113. [PMID: 29483219 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of the p53-related protein kinase (PRPK) remain unclear. We have previously demonstrated that PRPK is phosphorylated by the T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) and that phosphorylated PRPK (p-PRPK) promotes colon cancer metastasis. Here, we analyzed colon adenocarcinomas from 87 patients and found that higher expression levels of p-PRPK were associated with later stages of metastatic dissemination (stage III and IV) as compared with earlier stages (stages I and II). Indeed, levels of p-PRPK were higher in metastatic versus malignant human colon adenocarcinomas. Knocking down PRPK expression attenuated colorectal liver and lung metastasis of colon cancer cells in vivo An in vitro kinase assay indicated that active PRPK does not phosphorylate p53 directly. We found that PRPK phosphorylates survivin, a regulator of colon cancer metastasis. PRPK phosphorylates survivin at Thr34, which is important for survivin stability. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that the PRPK signaling pathway promotes colon cancer metastasis by modulating survivin stability, and that PRPK could be a new prognostic marker for the survival of colon cancer patients. In addition, we identified an FDA-approved bacteriostatic antibiotic, fusidic acid sodium salt (fusidic acid or FA) as an inhibitor of PRPK, and show that FA combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) inhibited PRPK activity and colon cancer metastasis to the lung in mice. We contend that the combination of FA with 5-FU could be an alternative therapeutic strategy to traditional chemotherapy for colon cancer patients with poor prognosis. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(5); 1101-13. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Zykova
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Feng Zhu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Lei Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Haitao Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Sang-Pil Yoon
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gyum Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Weihong Wen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Janos Nadas
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yan Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Weiya Ma
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.
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420
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Jayaraj P, Sen S, Rangarajan S, Ray N, Vasu K, Singh VK, Phartyal R, Yadav S, Verma A. Immunohistochemical evaluation of stress-responsive protein sestrin2 and its correlation with p53 mutational status in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102:848-854. [PMID: 29478030 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND p53 is a stress-activated tumour suppressor gene, and its mutation has been associated with solid tumours including non-melanoma skin cancers. Sestrin2 expression is associated with DNA damage and oxidative stress and has been described as a downstream target of p53 network. However, its role in sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) remains unexplored. OBJECTIVES To determine the role of p53 and its downstream target gene sestrin2 expression and p53 gene mutation status in SGC. METHODS Twenty cases of eyelid SGC tumour and circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) were subjected to mutational analysis of p53 gene. p53 and sesrin2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results were correlated with the clinicopathological features of eyelid SGC. RESULTS p53 gene mutations was detected in 25% of the SGC cases. A C>T transition was identified in exon 6 in a single patient in both tumour and ccfDNA. A G>T transversion leading to amino acid change D259Y was seen in four patients. A splice site mutation affected a single case in exon 6. p53 expression was observed in 55% SGC. Loss of sestrin2 in 55% SGC cases correlated with poor tumour differentiation (P=0.0001), upper eyelid involvement (P=0.004), p53 mutation (P=0.039) and with mutant p53 expression (P=0.0001). CONCLUSION Sestrin2 expression was found to be significantly reduced in p53 mutated SGC cases and in cases with strong p53 nuclear immunopositivity, suggesting that loss of sestrin2 may be of biological significance in the development of SGC and as a key downstream component of p53 tumour suppression network in eyelid SGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Jayaraj
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Sen
- Department of Ocular Pathology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Science, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Srishti Rangarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelanjana Ray
- Department of Biological Science, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kirtana Vasu
- Department of Biological Science, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Ocular Pathology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Science, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Phartyal
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarika Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Verma
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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421
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Cooks T, Pateras IS, Jenkins LM, Patel KM, Robles AI, Morris J, Forshew T, Appella E, Gorgoulis VG, Harris CC. Mutant p53 cancers reprogram macrophages to tumor supporting macrophages via exosomal miR-1246. Nat Commun 2018; 9:771. [PMID: 29472616 PMCID: PMC5823939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03224-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutants (mutp53) are involved in the pathogenesis of most human cancers. Specific mutp53 proteins gain oncogenic functions (GOFs) distinct from the tumor suppressor activity of the wild-type protein. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a hallmark of solid tumors, are typically correlated with poor prognosis. Here, we report a non-cell-autonomous mechanism, whereby human mutp53 cancer cells reprogram macrophages to a tumor supportive and anti-inflammatory state. The colon cancer cells harboring GOF mutp53 selectively shed miR-1246-enriched exosomes. Uptake of these exosomes by neighboring macrophages triggers their miR-1246-dependent reprogramming into a cancer-promoting state. Mutp53-reprogammed TAMs favor anti-inflammatory immunosuppression with increased activity of TGF-β. These findings, associated with poor survival in colon cancer patients, strongly support a microenvironmental GOF role for mutp53 in actively engaging the immune system to promote cancer progression and metastasis. p53 gain of function mutants (mutp53) are involved in the pathogenesis of most human cancers. Here, the authors show that mutp53 regulates the tumor microenvironment by inducing the release of specific exosomes containing miR-1246 that once received by macrophages turns them into tumor supportive macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Cooks
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI-CCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-4258, MD, USA
| | - Ioannis S Pateras
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, Athens, GR-11527, Greece
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-4258, MD, USA
| | - Keval M Patel
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ana I Robles
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI-CCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-4258, MD, USA
| | - James Morris
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Robinsons Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Tim Forshew
- UCL Cancer Institute, Huntley St, Camden Town, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Ettore Appella
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-4258, MD, USA
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, Athens, GR-11527, Greece.,Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health, Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL, UK
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, NCI-CCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-4258, MD, USA.
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422
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Sherif RN, Abdellatif H, Hazem N, Ebrahim NA, Saleh D, Shiha G, Eltahry H, Botros KG, Gabr OM. Effect of human umbilical cord blood derived CD34 + hematopoietic stem cell on the expression of Wnt4 and P53 genes in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tissue Cell 2018; 50:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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423
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Antoun S, Atallah D, Tahtouh R, Alaaeddine N, Moubarak M, Khaddage A, Ayoub EN, Chahine G, Hilal G. Different TP53 mutants in p53 overexpressed epithelial ovarian carcinoma can be associated both with altered and unaltered glycolytic and apoptotic profiles. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:14. [PMID: 29422776 PMCID: PMC5791177 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background p53 is a tumor suppressor and key regulator of glycolysis in cancer cells, however highly mutated in tumors. In ovarian cancer, studies concerning p53 mutations focus on the DNA binding domain since the majority of hotspot mutations affects this region. Yet, mutations in other regions such as the proline rich domain may also affect the protein’s expression and activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of various positions of mutations in TP53 gene on glycolysis, apoptosis and transcription of p53 target genes. Methods Mutations frequency and their effect on p53 expression were assessed by PCR-SSCP, sequencing and immunohistochemistry on 30 ovarian cancer biopsies. Six tumors were cultured, as well as SK-OV-3, OVCAR-3 and Igrov-1. SK-OV-3 cells were transfected with 2 TP53 mutants. p53 transcriptional activity was assayed by qPCR, apoptosis by flow cytometry and glycolysis by glucose and lactate measurements, with quantification of glycolytic enzymes expression. Results Our results showed a high frequency of the P72R mutant, associated with p53 overexpression in the ovarian biopsies. However, P72R mutant cells showed similar apoptosis and glycolysis as WT cells. DNA binding domain mutations decreased the transcriptional activity of the protein and increased glucose consumption and lactate production. Conclusion Despite the overexpression of the P72R mutated protein in the biopsies, it showed a similar apoptotic activity and glucose regulation ability as WT p53. Knowing that p53 expression status is used for chemotherapeutic approaches and prognosis in ovarian cancer, the results obtained highlight the importance of locating TP53 mutations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0514-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Antoun
- 1Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Damascus Road, Riad el Solh, Beirut, 1107 2180 Lebanon
| | - David Atallah
- 2Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hotel-Dieu De France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roula Tahtouh
- 1Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Damascus Road, Riad el Solh, Beirut, 1107 2180 Lebanon
| | - Nada Alaaeddine
- 3Regenerative Medicine and Inflammation Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malak Moubarak
- 2Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hotel-Dieu De France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abir Khaddage
- 4Anatomy and Pathology Department, Hotel-Dieu De France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eliane Nasr Ayoub
- 5Anesthesiology Department, Hotel-Dieu De France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George Chahine
- 6Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu De France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George Hilal
- 1Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Damascus Road, Riad el Solh, Beirut, 1107 2180 Lebanon
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Saritha VN, Veena VS, Jagathnath Krishna KM, Somanathan T, Sujathan K. Significance of DNA Replication Licensing Proteins (MCM2, MCM5 and CDC6), p16 and p63 as Markers of Premalignant Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: Its Usefulness to Predict Malignant Potential. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:141-148. [PMID: 29373905 PMCID: PMC5844608 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.1.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer continues to be a leading cancer among women in many parts of the world. Nation-wide screening
with the Pap smear has not been implemented in India due to the lack of adequately trained cytologists. Identification
of biomarkers to predict malignant potential of the identified low risk lesions is essential to avoid excessive retesting
and follow up. The current study analyzed the expression patterns of DNA replication licensing proteins, proliferation
inhibitor protein p16INK4A and tumor suppresser protein p63 in cervical tissues and smears to assess the ability of
these proteins to predict progression. Methods: Cervical smears and corresponding tissues were immunostained using
mouse monoclonal antibodies against MCM2, MCM5, CDC6, p16 and p63. Smears were treated with a non-ionic
surfactant sodium deoxycholate prior to immuno-cytochemistry. The standard ABC method of immunohistochemistry
was performed using DAB as the chromogen. The immunostained samples were scored on a 0-3+ scale and staining
patterns of smears were compared with those of tissue sections. Sensitivity and specificity for each of these markers were
calculated taking histopathology as the gold standard. Result: All the markers were positive in malignant and dysplastic
cells. MCM protein expression was found to be up-regulated in LSIL, HSIL and in malignancies to a greater extent
than p16 as well as p63. CDC6 protein was preferentially expressed in high grade lesions and in invasive squamous
cell carcinomas. A progressive increase in the expression of DNA replication licensing proteins in accordance with
the grades of cervical intraepithelial lesion suggests these markers as significant to predict malignant potential of low
grade lesions in cervical smears. Conclusion: MCMs and CDC6 can be applied as biomarkers to predict malignant
potential of low grade lesions identified in screening programmes and retesting / follow up might be confined to those
with high risk lesions alone so that overuse of resources can be safely avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Saritha
- Division of Cancer Research, , Regional Cancer Centre,Trivandrum, Kerla, India.
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425
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Popis MC, Wagner RE, Constantino-Casas F, Blanco S, Frye M. Considerations for skin carcinogenesis experiments using inducible transgenic mouse models. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:67. [PMID: 29361972 PMCID: PMC5782388 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to estimate the percentage of non-malignant skin tumours (papillomas) progressing to malignant squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in a carcinogenesis study using established transgenic mouse models. In our skin cancer model, we conditionally induced oncogenic point mutant alleles of p53 and k-ras in undifferentiated, basal cells of the epidermis. RESULTS Upon activation of the transgenes through administration of tamoxifen, the vast majority of mice (> 80%) developed skin papillomas, yet primarily around the mouth. Since these tumours hindered the mice eating, they rapidly lost weight and needed to be culled before the papillomas progressed to SCCs. The mouth papillomas formed regardless of the route of application, including intraperitoneal injections, local application to the back skin, or subcutaneous insertion of a tamoxifen pellet. Implantation of a slow releasing tamoxifen pellet into 18 mice consistently led to papilloma formation, of which only one progressed to a malignant SCC. Thus, the challenges for skin carcinogenesis studies using this particular cancer mouse model are low conversion rates of papillomas to SCCs and high frequencies of mouth papilloma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna C. Popis
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH UK
| | - Rebecca E. Wagner
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR UK
| | - Fernando Constantino-Casas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Queen’s Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES UK
| | - Sandra Blanco
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 801 Building, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Michaela Frye
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH UK
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426
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Qiao HB, Li J, Lv LJ, Nie BJ, Lu P, Xue F, Zhang ZM. The effects of interleukin 2 and rAd-p53 as a treatment for glioblastoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4853-4859. [PMID: 29328445 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is an anti-cancer cytokine that stimulates T cell propagation, triggering innate and adaptive immunity. IL-2 has been used for cancer therapy and has achieved curative effects. Recombinant adenovirus p53 injection (rAd‑p53) is a gene therapeutic agent that may improve the prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, the effect of combined IL‑2 and rAd‑p53 treatment was studied. The ability of IL‑2 to stimulate immunoregulation and the ability of p53 to induce apoptosis for GBM was researched in the GBM tumor model. In addition, the activity of IL‑2 was analyzed. The antitumor potential of IL‑2 and rAd‑p53 was studied using xenograph mice carrying GBM cells. Tumor‑specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also analyzed in the GBM‑bearing models. The results demonstrated that IL‑2 and rAd‑p53 not only stimulated tumor‑specific cytotoxic T‑lymphocyte responses and increased regulatory CD4+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell proliferation, however additionally increased expression of apoptosis‑associated genes. The treatment with IL‑2 and rAd‑p53 resulted in tumor regression and prolonged the survival of glioma‑bearing mice. Taken together, a combination of IL‑2 and rAd‑p53 treatment combines the effects of immunotherapy and oncolytic therapy and may be a comprehensive therapeutic schedule for clinical application in future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Jie Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Ben-Jin Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
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Schaefer IM, Cote GM, Hornick JL. Contemporary Sarcoma Diagnosis, Genetics, and Genomics. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:101-110. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.74.9374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas include diverse mesenchymal neoplasms with widely varied prognosis, clinical behavior, and treatment. Owing to their rarity and histologic overlap, accurate diagnosis of sarcomas can be challenging. Our approach has evolved dramatically in the past few decades, where novel insights into the molecular pathogenetic basis for sarcomas has dramatically (re)shaped contemporary diagnosis, building on a largely morphology- and clinical presentation–based strategy. Examples include the introduction of novel immunohistochemical markers that serve as surrogates for molecular genetic alterations and identification of characteristic molecular alterations. Accordingly, cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses, such as conventional karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and targeted sequencing, have increasingly been incorporated into the routine diagnostic work-up of these neoplasms. For those sarcomas with complex cytogenetic changes that lack specific alterations, additional testing is often directed toward identifying lines of differentiation and excluding pathognomonic (cyto-)genetic alterations. Although some gene rearrangements are diagnostic of particular sarcoma types, certain fusion partners, most notably EWSR1, are not tumor specific (and may, in fact, also be found in benign tumors). Correlation with clinical, radiologic, morphologic, and immunohistochemical findings is particularly important in tumors with such rearrangements to establish the correct diagnosis, acknowledging the inherent limitations of diagnostic tests. The recognition of sarcomas occurring in cancer predisposition syndromes is critical, with implications not only for the index patient but also potentially for family members, including the need for genetic counseling and sometimes particular types of surveillance. Together, contemporary sarcoma evaluation involves combining the initial morphologic evaluation with diagnostically relevant cytogenetic, molecular, and immunohistochemical testing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga-Marie Schaefer
- Inga-Marie Schaefer and Jason L. Hornick, Brigham and Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School; and Gregory M. Cote, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gregory M. Cote
- Inga-Marie Schaefer and Jason L. Hornick, Brigham and Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School; and Gregory M. Cote, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jason L. Hornick
- Inga-Marie Schaefer and Jason L. Hornick, Brigham and Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School; and Gregory M. Cote, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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429
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Liu C, Nie D, Li J, Du X, Lu Y, Li Y, Zhou J, Jin Y, Pan J. Antitumor Effects of Blocking Protein Neddylation in T315I-BCR-ABL Leukemia Cells and Leukemia Stem Cells. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1522-1536. [PMID: 29321163 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but drug resistance and disease recurrence remain a challenge. In this study, we suggest a novel strategy based on blocking protein neddylation to address BCR-ABL point mutations and leukemia stem cells (LSC) that lie at the root of imatinib-resistant recurrences. On the basis of the finding that the NEDD8-activating enzyme subunit NAE1 is overexpressed in CML cells, we hypothesized that the function of certain neddylation-dependent protein substrates might be targeted to therapeutic ends in imatinib-resistant CML cells and LSCs. In support of this hypothesis, we demonstrated that the NAE1 inhibitor MLN4924 induced G2-M-phase arrest and apoptosis in bulk CML cells with wild-type p53, regardless of their T315I mutation status in BCR-ABL. Moreover, MLN4924 inhibited the survival and self-renewal of primary human CML CD34+ cells and LSCs in CML-bearing mice via accumulation of p27kip1 in the nucleus. Notably, p27kip1 silencing attenuated the suppressive effect of MLN4924 on the maintenance of LSCs in CML-bearing mice. Taken together, our findings offer a preclinical proof of concept for targeting protein neddylation as a novel therapeutic strategy to override mutational and LSC-derived imatinib resistance in CML.Significance: These findings highlight a mediator of protein neddylation, a type of protein turnover mechanism, as a viable therapeutic target against imatinib-resistant forms of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Cancer Res; 78(6); 1522-36. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danian Nie
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Lu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhou
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Jin
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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430
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Konicke K, López-Luna A, Muñoz-Carrillo JL, Servín-González LS, Flores-de la Torre A, Olasz E, Lazarova Z. The microRNA landscape of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:864-870. [PMID: 29317340 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a keratinocyte-derived skin tumor. It is the second-most-common cancer affecting the Caucasian population and is responsible for >20% of all skin-cancer-related deaths. The estimated incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in the USA is >1000000 cases per year, of which roughly 20-30% are squamous cell carcinoma. To better understand and treat this challenging cancer, current research focuses on development of novel strategies to improve the understanding of tumor biogenesis on an individual basis. microRNAs are becoming important biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cSCC. This review describes the current knowledge on miRNA expression in cSCC and its role as a biomarker for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Konicke
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo
- Faculty of Odontology, School of Biomedical Sciences of the Cuauhtémoc University Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
| | | | | | - Edit Olasz
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Zelmira Lazarova
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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431
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Characterization of Senescence of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells After Long-Term Expansion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1084:109-128. [PMID: 30242785 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the 1980s, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have become a powerful and potential source for stem cell-based therapy, regenerative medicine, and even drug delivery in cancer treatment. The development of off-the-shelf mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including ASCs, has rapidly advanced in recent years with several clinical trials and approved products. In this technology, ASCs should be expanded long term in order to harvest higher cell number. In this study, senescence of ASCs after long-term expansion was evaluated. METHODS Human ASCs (hASCs) were isolated and cultured continuously at a density of 103 cells/cm2 up to passage 15. The cells were assessed for aging via changes in the following: characteristics of MSCs, mitochondrial activity, accumulation of beta-galactosidase, and expression of tumor suppressor genes. RESULTS The results showed that following in vitro expansion to the 15th passage, ASCs did not show changes in immunophenotype, except for decreased expression of CD105. However, the cells increased in size and in shape and complexity (toward the "fried egg" morphology). They also almost ceased to proliferate in passage 15. Nonetheless, they maintained in vitro differentiation potential toward osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Expression of tumor suppressor genes p53 and p16 did not significantly change, while p27 was significantly downregulated. Mitochondrial activities also decreased slightly in culture from passage 5 to passage 10 and remained stable to passage 15. ASCs also showed increased accumulation of beta-galactosidase in culture, but it was negligible. CONCLUSION In conclusion, hASCs exhibited some particular characteristics of aged stem cells when the number of subculture cells increased. However, up to passage 10, ASCs also retained almost all of the characteristics of MSCs.
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432
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Han D, Wei C. Nucleic acid probe based on DNA-templated silver nanoclusters for turn-on fluorescence detection of tumor suppressor gene p53. RSC Adv 2018; 8:25611-25616. [PMID: 35539769 PMCID: PMC9082775 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we construct a fluorescence nucleic acid probe based on DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-Ag NCs) for the detection of the p53 gene. The fluorescence biosensing of the “turn-on” model is successfully implemented as a result of the target-triggered configurational change in the hairpin DNA probe and the synthesis of fluorescent Ag NCs. With this biosensor, the limit of detection (LOD) for the p53 gene is 3.57 nM and the linear range is 250–2500 nM in phosphate buffer solution, while a LOD of 6.06 nM in the linear range of 250–2500 nM is obtained in 1% diluted fetal calf serum. So this probe, with its advantages of specificity, practical application, easy operation and low cost, will have favourable development prospects in biological sensing and imaging. “Turn-on” fluorescence detection for p53 gene based on target-triggered opening of hairpin DNA probe and synthesis of DNA-Ag NCs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- P. R. China
| | - Chunying Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- P. R. China
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433
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Betancor-Fernández I, Timson DJ, Salido E, Pey AL. Natural (and Unnatural) Small Molecules as Pharmacological Chaperones and Inhibitors in Cancer. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 245:155-190. [PMID: 28993836 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations causing single amino acid exchanges can dramatically affect protein stability and function, leading to disease. In this chapter, we will focus on several representative cases in which such mutations affect protein stability and function leading to cancer. Mutations in BRAF and p53 have been extensively characterized as paradigms of loss-of-function/gain-of-function mechanisms found in a remarkably large fraction of tumours. Loss of RB1 is strongly associated with cancer progression, although the molecular mechanisms by which missense mutations affect protein function and stability are not well known. Polymorphisms in NQO1 represent a remarkable example of the relationships between intracellular destabilization and inactivation due to dynamic alterations in protein ensembles leading to loss of function. We will review the function of these proteins and their dysfunction in cancer and then describe in some detail the effects of the most relevant cancer-associated single amino exchanges using a translational perspective, from the viewpoints of molecular genetics and pathology, protein biochemistry and biophysics, structural, and cell biology. This will allow us to introduce several representative examples of natural and synthetic small molecules applied and developed to overcome functional, stability, and regulatory alterations due to cancer-associated amino acid exchanges, which hold the promise for using them as potential pharmacological cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Betancor-Fernández
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, 38320, Spain
| | - David J Timson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, 38320, Spain
| | - Angel L Pey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain.
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434
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The Multifaceted Metabolism of Glioblastoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1063:59-72. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77736-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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435
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Belickova M, Vesela J, Jonasova A, Pejsova B, Votavova H, Merkerova MD, Zemanova Z, Brezinova J, Mikulenkova D, Lauermannova M, Valka J, Michalova K, Neuwirtova R, Cermak J. TP53 mutation variant allele frequency is a potential predictor for clinical outcome of patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36266-36279. [PMID: 27167113 PMCID: PMC5094999 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutations are frequently detected in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); however, the clinical impact of these mutations on the disease course of patients with lower-risk MDS is unclear. In this study of 154 lower-risk MDS patients, TP53 mutations were identified in 13% of patients, with prevalence in patients with del(5q) (23.6%) compared to non-del(5q) (3.8%). Two-thirds of the mutations were detected at the time of diagnosis, and one-third were detected during the course of the disease. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a TP53 mutation was the strongest independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) (HR: 4.39) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 3.74). Evaluation of OS determined a TP53 variant allele frequency (VAF) threshold of 6% as an optimal cut-off for patient stratification. The median OS was 43.5 months in patients with mutations detected at the time of diagnosis and a mutational burden of > 6% VAF compared to 138 months (HR 12.2; p = 0.003) in patients without mutations; similarly, the median PFS was 20.2 months versus 116.6 months (HR 79.5; p < 0.0001). In contrast, patients with a mutational burden of < 6% VAF were stable for long periods without progression and had no significant impact on PFS or OS. Additionally, we found a high correlation in the mutational data from cells of the peripheral blood and those of the bone marrow, indicating that peripheral blood is a reliable source for mutation monitoring. Our results indicate that the clinical impact of TP53 mutations in lower-risk MDS patients depends on the level of mutational burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Belickova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vesela
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Jonasova
- First Department of Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Pejsova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Votavova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zuzana Zemanova
- Center of Oncocytogenetics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Brezinova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mikulenkova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Valka
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kyra Michalova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Center of Oncocytogenetics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radana Neuwirtova
- First Department of Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Cermak
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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436
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Parrales A, Thoenen E, Iwakuma T. The interplay between mutant p53 and the mevalonate pathway. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:460-470. [PMID: 29238070 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the TP53 gene lead to accumulation of dysfunctional TP53 proteins in tumors, showing oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF) activities. Stabilization of mutant TP53 (mutp53) is required for the GOF; however, the mechanisms by which mutp53 promotes cancer progression and how mutp53 stability is regulated are not completely understood. Recent work from our laboratory has identified statins, inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway, as degraders of conformational mutp53. Specific reduction of mevalonate-5-phosphate (MVP), a metabolic intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, by statins or mevalonate kinase (MVK) knockdown triggers CHIP ubiquitin ligase-mediated degradation of conformational mutp53 by inhibiting interaction between mutp53 and DNAJA1, a Hsp40 family member. Thus, the mevalonate pathway contributes to mutp53 stabilization. Given that mutp53 is shown to promote cancer progression by upregulating mRNA expression of mevalonate pathway enzymes by binding to the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and subsequently increasing activities of mevalonate pathway-associated oncogenic proteins (e.g., Ras, Rho, YAP/TAZ), there is a positive-feedback loop between mutp53 and the mevalonate pathway. Here, we summarize recent evidence linking the mevalonate pathway-mutp53 axis with cancer progression and further discuss the clinical relevance of this axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Parrales
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Elizabeth Thoenen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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437
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Expanded molecular profiling of myxofibrosarcoma reveals potentially actionable targets. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:1698-1709. [PMID: 28776571 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcomas are morphologically heterogeneous soft tissue sarcomas lacking a specific immunohistochemical expression profile and recurrent genetic changes. The study was designed to gain further insights into the molecular landscape of myxofibrosarcomas by targeted re-sequencing of known cancer driver hotspot mutations and the analysis of genomewide somatic copy number alterations. A well-defined group of myxofibrosarcomas, including myxofibrosarcomas G1 (n=6), myxofibrosarcomas G3 (n=7), myxofibrosarcomas with morphologically heterogeneous and independently selectable G1 and G3 areas within a tumor (n=8), and myxofibrosarcomas G3 with subsequent tumor recurrence (n=1) or metastatic disease (n=3) were evaluated. Mutational analysis demonstrated mutations in TP53, PTEN, FGFR3, CDKN2A, and RB1. TP53 mutations were seen in 11 (44%) of patients and detected in myxofibrosarcomas G1, G3, with heterogeneous morphology and G3 with subsequent metastases in 1 patient (16%), 3 patients (42%), 2 patients (62.5%), and 3 patients (75%), respectively. Additional mutations were detected in 2 patients, intratumoral mutational heterogeneity in 1 patient. We observed a variety of copy number alterations typical for myxofibrosarcomas, with higher numbers in G3 compared with G1 myxofibrosarcomas. Cluster analysis revealed distinctive features especially in metastatic and recurrent disease. Focal alterations affected CDKN2A, CCND1, CCNE1, EGFR, EPHA3, EPHB1, FGFR1, JUN, NF1, RB1, RET, TP53, and additional novel amplifications in CCNE1, KIT, EGFR, RET, BRAF, NTRK2 were seen in G3 compared with the G1 tumor areas. The total number of focal events in G1 versus G3 tumors differed significantly (P=0.0014). TRIO and RICTOR co-amplification was seen in 8 (44%) G3 and 1 (10%) G1 myxofibrosarcomas and RICTOR amplification alone in 4 (40%) G1 myxofibrosarcomas. TRIO amplification was significantly (P=0.0218) higher in G3 myxofibrosarcomas indicating a late genetic event. These findings support the use of expanded molecular profiling in myxofibrosarcomas to detect drug-able targets to allow patients to participate in basket trials.
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438
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Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Etiology of Bladder Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8110339. [PMID: 29165379 PMCID: PMC5704252 DOI: 10.3390/genes8110339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
According to data of the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization (Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, GLOBOCAN, and the World Health Organization Mortality), bladder is among the top ten body locations of cancer globally, with the highest incidence rates reported in Southern and Western Europe, North America, Northern Africa and Western Asia. Males (M) are more vulnerable to this disease than females (F), despite ample frequency variations in different countries, with a M:F ratio of 4.1:1 for incidence and 3.6:1 for mortality, worldwide. For a long time, bladder cancer was genetically classified through mutations of two genes, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3, for low-grade, non-invasive papillary tumors) and tumor protein P53 (TP53, for high-grade, muscle-invasive tumors). However, more recently scientists have shown that this disease is far more complex, since genes directly involved are more than 150; so far, it has been described that altered gene expression (up- or down-regulation) may be present for up to 500 coding sequences in low-grade and up to 2300 in high-grade tumors. Non-coding RNAs are essential to explain, at least partially, this ample dysregulation. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge about long and short non-coding RNAs that have been linked to bladder cancer etiology.
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439
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Solid Lipid Curcumin Particles Induce More DNA Fragmentation and Cell Death in Cultured Human Glioblastoma Cells than Does Natural Curcumin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9656719. [PMID: 29359011 PMCID: PMC5735327 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9656719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advancements in cancer therapies, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains largely incurable. Curcumin (Cur), a natural polyphenol, has potent anticancer effects against several malignancies, including metastatic brain tumors. However, its limited bioavailability reduces its efficiency for treating GBM. Recently, we have shown that solid lipid Cur particles (SLCPs) have greater bioavailability and brain tissue penetration. The present study compares the efficiency of cell death by Cur and/or SLCPs in cultured GBM cells derived from human (U-87MG) and mouse (GL261) tissues. Several cell viability and cell death assays and marker proteins (MTT assay, annexin-V staining, TUNEL staining, comet assay, DNA gel electrophoresis, and Western blot) were investigated following the treatment of Cur and/or SLCP (25 μM) for 24–72 h. Relative to Cur, the use of SLCP increased cell death and DNA fragmentation, produced longer DNA tails, and induced more fragmented nuclear lobes. In addition, cultured GBM cells had increased levels of caspase-3, Bax, and p53, with decreases in Bcl2, c-Myc, and both total Akt, as well as phosphorylated Akt, when SLCP, rather Cur, was used. Our in vitro work suggests that the use of SLCP may be a promising strategy for reversing or preventing GBM growth, as compared to using Cur.
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440
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Zhao Y, Varn FS, Cai G, Xiao F, Amos CI, Cheng C. A P53-Deficiency Gene Signature Predicts Recurrence Risk of Patients with Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 27:86-95. [PMID: 29141854 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is associated with the highest mortality rate of all cancer types, and the most common histologic subtype of lung cancer is adenocarcinoma. To apply more effective therapeutic treatment, molecular markers that are able to predict the recurrence risk of patients with adenocarcinoma are critically needed. Mutations in TP53 tumor suppressor gene have been found in approximately 50% of lung adenocarcinoma cases, but the presence of a TP53 mutation does not always associate with increased mortality.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA sequencing data of lung adenocarcinoma were used to define a novel gene signature for P53 deficiency. This signature was then used to calculate a sample-specific P53 deficiency score based on a patient's transcriptomic profile and tested in four independent lung adenocarcinoma microarray datasets.Results: In all datasets, P53 deficiency score was a significant predictor for recurrence-free survival where high P53 deficiency score was associated with poor survival. The score was prognostic even after adjusting for several key clinical variables including age, tumor stage, smoking status, and P53 mutation status. Furthermore, the score was able to predict recurrence-free survival in patients with stage I adenocarcinoma and was also associated with smoking status.Conclusions: The P53 deficiency score was a better predictor of recurrence-free survival compared with P53 mutation status and provided additional prognostic values to established clinical factors.Impact: The P53 deficiency score can be used to stratify early-stage patients into subgroups based on their risk of recurrence for aiding physicians to decide personalized therapeutic treatment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(1); 86-95. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanding Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Frederick S Varn
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Feifei Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. .,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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441
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Expression of p53 protein in high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187667. [PMID: 29112960 PMCID: PMC5675414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs) are aggressive, rapidly proliferating tumors. Therapeutic response to current chemotherapy regimens is usually short lasting. The aim of this study was to examine the expression and potential clinical importance of immunoreactive p53 protein in GEP-NEC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor tissues from 124 GEP-NEC patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease treated with platinum-based chemotherapy were collected from Nordic centers and clinical data were obtained from the Nordic NEC register. Tumor proliferation rate and differentiation were re-evaluated. All specimens were immunostained for p53 protein using a commercially available monoclonal antibody. Kaplan-Meier curves and cox regression analyses were used to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS All tumor tissues were immunoreactive for either one or both neuroendocrine biomarkers (chromogranin A and synaptophysin) and Ki67 index was >20% in all cases. p53 immunoreactivity was only shown in 39% of the cases and was not found to be a prognostic marker for the whole cohort. However, p53 immunoreactivity was correlated with shorter PFS in patients with colorectal tumors (HR = 2.1, p = 0.03) in a univariate analysis as well as to poorer PFS (HR = 2.6, p = 0.03) and OS (HR = 3.4, p = 0.02) in patients with colorectal tumors with distant metastases, a correlation which remained significant in the multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION In this cohort of GEP-NEC patients, p53 expression could not be correlated with clinical outcome. However, in patients with colorectal NECs, p53 expression was correlated with shorter PFS and OS. Further studies are needed to establish the role of immunoreactive p53 as a prognostic marker for GEP-NEC patients.
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442
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Chikara S, Nagaprashantha LD, Singhal J, Horne D, Awasthi S, Singhal SS. Oxidative stress and dietary phytochemicals: Role in cancer chemoprevention and treatment. Cancer Lett 2017; 413:122-134. [PMID: 29113871 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological observations have shown an inverse relation between consumption of plant-based foods, rich in phytochemicals, and incidence of cancer. Phytochemicals, secondary plant metabolites, via their antioxidant property play a key role in cancer chemoprevention by suppressing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage. In addition, they modulate several oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathways through their anti-oxidant effects, and ultimately protect cells from undergoing molecular changes that trigger carcinogenesis. In several instances, however, the pro-oxidant property of these phytochemicals has been observed with respect to cancer treatment. Further, in vitro and in vivo studies show that several phytochemicals potentiate the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by exacerbating oxidative stress in cancer cells. Therefore, we reviewed multiple studies investigating the role of dietary phytochemicals such as, curcumin (turmeric), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG; green tea), resveratrol (grapes), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), sulforaphane (cruciferous vegetables), hesperidin, quercetin and 2'-hydroxyflavanone (2HF; citrus fruits) in regulating oxidative stress and associated signaling pathways in the context of cancer chemoprevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen Chikara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lokesh Dalasanur Nagaprashantha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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443
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Insights into the Dichotomous Regulation of SOD2 in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6040086. [PMID: 29099803 PMCID: PMC5745496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While loss of antioxidant expression and the resultant oxidant-dependent damage to cellular macromolecules is key to tumorigenesis, it has become evident that effective oxidant scavenging is conversely necessary for successful metastatic spread. This dichotomous role of antioxidant enzymes in cancer highlights their context-dependent regulation during different stages of tumor development. A prominent example of an antioxidant enzyme with such a dichotomous role and regulation is the mitochondria-localized manganese superoxide dismutase SOD2 (MnSOD). SOD2 has both tumor suppressive and promoting functions, which are primarily related to its role as a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger and H₂O₂ regulator. However, unlike true tumor suppressor- or onco-genes, the SOD2 gene is not frequently lost, or rarely mutated or amplified in cancer. This allows SOD2 to be either repressed or activated contingent on context-dependent stimuli, leading to its dichotomous function in cancer. Here, we describe some of the mechanisms that underlie SOD2 regulation in tumor cells. While much is known about the transcriptional regulation of the SOD2 gene, including downregulation by epigenetics and activation by stress response transcription factors, further research is required to understand the post-translational modifications that regulate SOD2 activity in cancer cells. Moreover, future work examining the spatio-temporal nature of SOD2 regulation in the context of changing tumor microenvironments is necessary to allows us to better design oxidant- or antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies that target the adaptable antioxidant repertoire of tumor cells.
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444
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McCurdy SR, Levis MJ. Emerging molecular predictive and prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:2021-2039. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1393669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon R. McCurdy
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark J. Levis
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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445
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Han XL, Li JD, Wang WL, Yang C, Li ZY. Sweroside eradicated leukemia cells and attenuated pathogenic processes in mice by inducing apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:477-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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446
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Wu Y, Sarkissyan M, Clayton S, Chlebowski R, Vadgama JV. Association of Vitamin D3 Level with Breast Cancer Risk and Prognosis in African-American and Hispanic Women. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100144. [PMID: 29064397 PMCID: PMC5664083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the association of vitamin D3 levels with breast cancer risk and progression in African-Americans and Hispanics. Methods: A total of 237 African-American (Cases = 119, Control = 118) and 423 Hispanic women (Cases = 124, Control = 299) were recruited in the study. Blood samples were collected at the time of breast cancer screening and prior to cancer treatment for 4 weeks on average for the cases. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) was measured at a Quest-Diagnostics facility. Results: The results showed that 69.2% of African-Americans and 37.8% of Hispanics had 25(OH)D3 levels below 20 ng/mL. The 25(OH)D3 level below 20 ng/mL was significantly associated with breast cancer in both African-Americans (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.3-4.8) and Hispanics (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.0). However, the predicted probabilities of breast cancer in African-Americans were significantly higher than in Hispanics (p < 0.001). The 25(OH)D3 below 20 ng/mL was significantly associated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in African-Americans (OR = 5.4, p = 0.02, 95% CI = 1.4-15), but not in Hispanics in our cohort of participants. Levels of 25(OH)D3 below 26 ng/mL predicts a decrease in disease-free survival, but it was not an independent predictor. Conclusions: Our data shows an association between 25(OH)D3 levels and the risk of breast cancer. Further studies on the relationship between 25(OH)D3 level and breast cancer risk are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Marianna Sarkissyan
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
| | - Sheilah Clayton
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
| | - Rowan Chlebowski
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA.
| | - Jaydutt V Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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447
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Wang W, Routbort MJ, Tang Z, Ok CY, Patel KP, Daver N, Garcia-Manero G, Medeiros LJ, Wang SA. Characterization of TP53 mutations in low-grade myelodysplastic syndromes and myelodysplastic syndromes with a non-complex karyotype. Eur J Haematol 2017; 99:536-543. [PMID: 28926144 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although commonly associated with high-grade myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and MDS with a complex karyotype, TP53 mutations also occur in low-grade MDS and MDS with a non-complex karyotype. In latter cases, their clinicopathological features and the characteristics of TP53 mutations remain poorly characterized. METHODS 176 MDS cases with TP53 mutations were stratified and characterized based on their karyotype and histologic subtype. RESULTS Among 176 cases, 17% had a non-complex karyotype and 24% were low-grade MDS. TP53 mutations often occurred in DNA-binding domains and the majority of cases had only one mutation, irrespective of their karyotype and MDS subtype. The variant allele frequency (VAF), however, was associated with karyotype complexity and the types of MDS with a lower VAF found in cases with a non-complex karyotype and low-grade MDS. A low (<20%) VAF was associated with a better survival, as well as low-grade subtype. CONCLUSIONS In low-grade MDS and MDS with a non-complex karyotype, TP53 mutations showed a lower VAF. Patients with a lower VAF had a better survival. TP53 mutations are not the only prognostic factor in MDS patients with TP53 mutations as the VAF, blast counts and history of prior therapy also play important roles in prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark J Routbort
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenya Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chi Young Ok
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Keyur P Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sa A Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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448
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Jeong Y, Hoe H, Cho H, Park K, Kim D, Kim C, Magae J, Kang DW, Lee S, Chang Y. Suppression of c‐Myc enhances p21
WAF1/CIP1
‐mediated G1 cell cycle arrest through the modulation of ERK phosphorylation by ascochlorin. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2036-2047. [PMID: 28833404 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Jeong Jeong
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyang‐Sook Hoe
- Department of Neural Development and DiseaseKorea Brain Research Institute (KBRI)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun‐Ji Cho
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Neural Development and DiseaseKorea Brain Research Institute (KBRI)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Kwan‐Kyu Park
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Dae‐Dong Kim
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheorl‐Ho Kim
- Department of Biological ScienceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKyunggi‐DoRepublic of Korea
| | | | - Dong Wook Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyDaegu Catholic UniversityGyeongsan‐siGyeongbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang‐Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), OchangChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Young‐Chae Chang
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of MedicineCatholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
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449
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Terada K, Yamaguchi H, Ueki T, Usuki K, Kobayashi Y, Tajika K, Gomi S, Kurosawa S, Miyadera K, Tokura T, Omori I, Marumo A, Fujiwara Y, Yui S, Ryotokuji T, Osaki Y, Arai K, Kitano T, Kosaka F, Wakita S, Tamai H, Fukuda T, Inokuchi K. Full-length mutation search of the TP53 gene in acute myeloid leukemia has increased significance as a prognostic factor. Ann Hematol 2017; 97:51-61. [PMID: 28980058 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TP53 gene abnormality has been reported to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, almost all studies of TP53 gene abnormality so far have been limited to mutation searches in the DNA binding domain. As there have been few reports examining both mutation and deletion over the full-length of the TP53 gene, the clinical characteristics of TP53 gene abnormality have not yet been clearly established. In this study, TP53 gene mutation was observed in 7.3% of the total 412 de novo AML cases (33 mutations in 30 cases), with mutation outside the DNA binding domain in eight cases (27%). TP53 gene deletion was observed in 3.1% of 358 cases. All cases had monoallelic deletion with TP53 gene mutation on the opposite allele. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TP53 gene mutation in the DNA binding domain and outside the DNA binding domain was an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival and relapse-free survival among the total cohort and it is also an unfavorable prognostic factor in FLT3-ITD-negative AML cases aged 70 years or below with intermediate cytogenetic prognosis. In stratified treatment, full-length search for TP53 gene mutation is therefore very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Terada
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaguchi
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
| | - Toshimitsu Ueki
- Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kensuke Usuki
- Department of Hematology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Tajika
- Department of Hematology, Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Gomi
- Department of Hematology, Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Saiko Kurosawa
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiki Miyadera
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Taichiro Tokura
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Ikuko Omori
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Atushi Marumo
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yui
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ryotokuji
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Osaki
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Kunihito Arai
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kitano
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kosaka
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakita
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Hayato Tamai
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koiti Inokuchi
- Department of Hematology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
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P53 Immunoexpression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2017; 43:325-329. [PMID: 30595897 PMCID: PMC6286461 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.43.04.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: p53 is a marker described in the premalignant lesions with a high risk of malignant transformation for laryngeal cancer. It is a tumor suppressor gene that during the cancer gains also oncogenic activity. We aimed to study the p53 immunoexpression in 38 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and the relation with the clinicopathological aspects. We obtained variable p53 expression regarding the differentiation degree and tumor stage. The higher p53 immunotaining values were observed in high grade and advanced stages lesions. P53 may be useful in identifying aggresive laryngeal squamous carcinomas, a useful aspect for better stratification of patients for therapy.
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