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Kim SY, Park YS, Joo HJ, Park EC. Association between stress types and adolescent suicides: findings from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1321925. [PMID: 39041049 PMCID: PMC11260740 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1321925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the association between types of stress and suicidal behaviors-ideation and attempts-among Korean adolescents in two distinct years: 2015 and 2020. Methods Data were acquired from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted in 2015 and 2020. Participants' desire for suicide was evaluated by asking questions about suicidal ideation and attempts, during the past year. Types of stress were divided into five categories: none, home, school, academic achievement, and appearance. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the association between variables of interest and dependent variables. Results Among the 77,363 adolescents included in this study, 8.8% male and 13.2% female participants had seriously thought about committing suicide, and the rate of male and female participants who tried committing suicide was 1.6% and 2.5%, respectively. While every type of stress was highly associated with suicidal ideation, family and home types of stress had the highest odds ratio (OR), that was statistically significant for both sexes (Male: OR 3.81, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.81 to 5.15; Female: OR 3.64, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.50). Moreover, the OR increased in order of: appearance; academic achievement; school and friends; and family and home, compared to the group that perceived no stress. Suicidal attempts were statistically significant and higher in likelihood, only amongst the female group that experienced stress from family and home (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.08 to 5.67). In comparison to year 2015, suicidal ideation and attempts decreased in year 2020, but participants experiencing stress from family and home had a higher tendency of attempting suicide, though not statistically significant, regardless of their sex (Male: OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.44; Female: OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.4). Conclusion Adolescents who experience stress from family and home, or school and friends, are more likely to think about suicide, or carry it out, as compared to those having different causes of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Young Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Shin Park
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Joo
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee PH, Tervo-Clemmens B, Liu RT, Gersten MB, Jung JY, Janes AC, Gilman J. Use of Tobacco Products and Suicide Attempts Among Elementary School-Aged Children. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e240376. [PMID: 38407905 PMCID: PMC10897745 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The use of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes and vaping, has rapidly increased among children. However, despite consistent associations found between smoking cigarettes and suicidal behaviors among adolescents and adults, there are limited data on associations between emerging tobacco products and suicidal behaviors, especially among preadolescent children. Objective To examine whether the use of tobacco products is associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI), and suicide attempts (SAs) among preadolescent children. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study, conducted from September 1, 2022, to September 5, 2023, included participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, a population-based cohort of 11 868 US children enrolled at 9 and 10 years of age. The cross-sectional investigation focused on 3-year periods starting from the baseline to year 2 of follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed from October 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Children's use of tobacco products was assessed based on youth reports, including lifetime experiences of various nicotine-related products, supplemented with hair toxicologic tests. Main outcomes were children's lifetime experiences of NSSI, SI, and SAs, assessed using the K-SADS-5 (Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for the DSM-5). Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the associations of the use of tobacco products with NSSI, SI, and SAs among the study participants. Sociodemographic, familial, and children's behavioral, temperamental, and clinical outcomes were adjusted in the analyses. Results Of 8988 unrelated study participants (median age, 9.8 years [range, 8.9-11.0 years]; 4301 girls [47.9%]), 101 children (1.1%) and 151 children (1.7%) acknowledged lifetime use of tobacco products at baseline and at 18-month follow-up, respectively. After accounting for various suicide risk factors and potential confounders, children reporting use of tobacco products were at a 3 to 5 times increased risk of SAs (baseline: n = 153 [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 4.67; 95% CI, 2.35-9.28; false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P < .001]; year 1: n = 227 [adjusted OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 2.33-7.74; FDR-corrected P < .001]; and year 2: n = 321 [adjusted OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.58-5.13; FDR-corrected P = .001]). Of all facets of impulsivity measures that were significant correlates of use of tobacco products, negative urgency was the only independent risk factor for SAs (adjusted OR, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.31-1.78]; FDR-corrected P < .001). In contrast, children's alcohol, cannabis, and prescription drug use were not associated with SAs. Conclusions and Relevance This study of US children suggests that the increased risk of SAs, consistently reported for adolescents and adults who smoke cigarettes, extends to a range of emerging tobacco products and manifests among elementary school-aged children. Further investigations are imperative to clarify the underlying mechanisms and to implement effective preventive policies for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil H Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Brenden Tervo-Clemmens
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Richard T Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Maia B Gersten
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Jae-Yoon Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Amy C Janes
- Cognitive and Pharmacological Neuroimaging Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jodi Gilman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Lee MS, Lee H. Problematic Smartphone Use and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation Among South Korean Adolescents. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:843-852. [PMID: 37794666 PMCID: PMC10555507 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of problematic smartphone use (PSU) among adolescents and its association with anxiety and suicidal ideation. METHODS The 16th cross-sectional, population-based Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey was administered in 2020 and included 54,948 adolescents. We used the Korean version of the smartphone overdependence scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale to assess PSU and anxiety. Suicidal ideation was assessed through responses to the self-report question. Multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling were conducted to identify the association of PSU with anxiety and suicidal ideation. RESULTS In total, 25.1% of the adolescents reported PSU, 33.2% had anxiety symptoms, and 10.9% had seriously considered suicide during the past 12 months. Girls with PSU had a higher risk of anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.65 to 2.97) and suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.64 to 1.91) than non-PSU girls. Boys with PSU reported more anxiety (aOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 2.72 to 3.07) and suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.66 to 1.99) than the non-PSU group. In addition, girls with the lowest household income reported more suicidal ideation than girls with the highest household income (aOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 2.69 to 4.28). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the prevalence of PSU among South Korean adolescents in 2020. The prioritization of the detection of PSU and the identification of psychological factors may help improve the diagnosis and management of mental health problems and potentially yield significant psychosocial benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho Y, In H, Park M, Park EC, Kim SH. Association of smartphone use with abnormal social jetlag among adolescents in Korea before and after COVID-19. Addict Behav 2023; 141:107629. [PMID: 36746104 PMCID: PMC9882883 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to use social jetlag to determine how smartphone overuse by adolescents before and after the COVID-19 pandemic might be associated with their circadian rhythm. METHODS We used 2017 and 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based Survey data and conducted a survey analysis on 100,976 adolescents. The dependent variable was abnormal social jetlag. Based on the times recorded by the survey, we calculated the weekday midpoint and weekend sleep time. The main independent variable was smartphone usage time (<2h/day, 2-3.9 h/day, 4-5.9 h/day, and ≥ 6 h/day). Multiple logistic regression and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were performed. RESULTS Abnormal social jetlag was most prevalent in male and female adolescents who used smartphones ≥ 6 h/day (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.60, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 2.47-2.74). The longer the smartphone usage time, the higher the association with abnormal social jetlag. This association was more prominent in female adolescents. The additive interaction between longer smartphone usage time and post-COVID-19 year was statistically significant (total: RERI = 0.92, 95 % CI = 0.90-0.95; males: RERI = 0.83, 95 % CI = 0.80-0.87; females: RERI = 1.13, 95 % CI = 1.08-1.18). CONCLUSION Our results clearly indicated that increased smartphone usage time tended to result in greater social jetlag, an association that was more pronounced in female. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly strengthened this relationship. Further research is needed regarding the proper use of smartphones to ensure good sleep-in adolescents after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerin Cho
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon In
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Park
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Giovacchini CX, Crotty Alexander LE, Que LG. Electronic Cigarettes: A Pro-Con Review of the Current Literature. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2843-2851. [PMID: 35872217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes, e-cigs, or electronic nicotine delivery systems) are battery-operated devices typically containing glycerol and/or propylene glycol-based solutions with varying nicotine content, known as e-liquids. Although e-cigarettes were originally developed as a potentially less harmful alternative to traditional combustible tobacco cigarette smokers, several factors have driven their popularity among smokers and nonsmokers alike, including their sleek product designs, innumerable appealing flavors, lack of combustible smoke and odor, and high potential nicotine concentrations. Furthermore, many advocates have promoted the idea that e-cigarettes are safe to use, or at least safer than conventional tobacco, despite limited longitudinal data to support these claims. Here, we examine what is known about the impacts of e-cigarette use on traditional cigarette smoking cessation, lung health, and youth and young adult tobacco product exposure. Upon review of the currently available literature, the negative effects of e-cigarette use seem to outweigh any potential benefit, because the available evidence does not confirm the use of e-cigarettes as an effective strategy for supporting traditional combustible tobacco cigarette smoking cessation, particularly given the emerging adverse effects on lung health and the potential future public health effects of e-cigarette adoption among a burgeoning new generation of tobacco product users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral X Giovacchini
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC
| | - Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Pulmonary Critical Care Section, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, Calif; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Physiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Loretta G Que
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC.
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Kim SY, Jeong SH, Joo HJ, Park M, Park EC, Kim JH, Lee J, Shin J. High prevalence of hypertension among smokers of conventional and e-cigarette: Using the nationally representative community dwelling survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:919585. [PMID: 36324451 PMCID: PMC9618945 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.919585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the association between hypertension and conventional cigarette and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, together or individually. A total of 275,762 participants were included, of which 120,766 were men and 154,996 were women. The data were drawn from the Korea Community Health Survey conducted in 2019. A multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the association between hypertension and types of smoking. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure higher than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure higher than 90 mmHg. Based on the types of smoking, participants were grouped as dual smokers of conventional and e-cigarettes, e-cigarette only smokers, conventional cigarette only smokers, past-smokers, and non-smokers. Compared to non-smokers, dual smokers presented the highest odds ratio for hypertension in the male [odds ratio (OR): 1.24, confidence interval (CI): 1.10 to 1.39] and female groups (OR: 1.44 CI: 0.96 to 2.15). According to the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, the two-sided p-value of < 0.001 indicated an overall statistically significant association between types of smoking and hypertension. Use of both cigarette types was statistically significant in the male group, but only the use of conventional cigarettes and past smoking were statistically significant in the female group. Among smokers of the two cigarette types, those who were dual smokers of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes were the most likely to have the highest prevalence of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Young Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Jeong
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Joo
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minah Park
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junbok Lee
- Health IT Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Jaeyong Shin
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Byun JA, Sim TJ, Lim TY, Jang SI, Kim SH. Association of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures with depression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13464. [PMID: 35931789 PMCID: PMC9355947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have demonstrated increased depression related to COVID-19, the reasons for this are not well-understood. We investigated the association of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures with depression. Data from the 2020 Korea Community Health Survey were analyzed. The main independent variable was compliance with rules based on three performance variables (social distancing, wearing a mask in indoor facilities, and outdoors). Depression was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores. Of 195,243 participants, 5,101 participants had depression. Bad and moderate performance scores for compliance were associated with depression (Bad score, men: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–3.87; women: aOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.42–4.13; moderate score, men: aOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02–1.68; women: aOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.07–1.53). In the subgroup analysis, among the quarantine rules, not wearing a mask indoors was the most prominently associated with depression. In participants with a high level of education, non-compliance with quarantine rules was significantly associated with depression. People who do not comply with public health measures are more likely to be depressed. The preparation and observance of scientific quarantine rules can help mental health in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and another infectious disease pandemic that may come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju An Byun
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jun Sim
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Lim
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon HS, Kang SH, Park YS, Kang JG, Park EC. Association of Household Type and Fast-Food Consumption in Korean Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153024. [PMID: 35893878 PMCID: PMC9330106 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to changing household types and weakening of family functions, children have fewer opportunities to develop healthy lifestyle patterns from contact with family members compared to the past. In this paper, we evaluate the association between household type and adolescents’ fast-food consumption, focusing on whether they were living with their parents or not, and determine their reasons for not living with their parents. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based survey between 2017 and 2020. The subjects were students in grades 7–12. The outcome variable was a frequency of fast-food intake of ≥5 times per week. The main independent variable was the type of household: (1) living with both parents; (2) living with a single parent (one of father, mother, stepfather, stepmother); (3) not living together, but having parents; and (4) having no parents. Results: Participants without parents were more likely to eat fast food frequently than those living with both parents. Among boys, not having parents and living in a dorm or boarding house or living with other family members or relatives were significantly associated with frequent fast-food intake; among girls, not having parents and living in a dorm or boarding house were significantly associated with frequent fast-food intake. Conclusion: Adolescents having no parents have a higher risk of frequent fast-food intake than those living with both parents. Further studies are needed to address household types in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Sook Kwon
- Department of Administration, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Seoul 10414, Korea;
| | - Soo Hyun Kang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.P.)
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yu Shin Park
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.H.K.); (Y.S.P.)
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | | | - Eun Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Association of weekend catch-up sleep ratio and subjective sleep quality with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among Korean adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10235. [PMID: 35715557 PMCID: PMC9205903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian misalignment caused by differences in sleep duration between weekends and weekdays may be associated with adolescent mental health and sleep quality may be able to compensate for this problem. This study aimed to investigate the association between weekend catch-up sleep (CUS) ratio and sleep quality with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among South Korean adolescents. We used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2015–2019 involving 270,619 adolescents. The weekend CUS ratio was calculated by dividing the average weekend sleep duration by the average weekday sleep duration (< 1.00, 1.00 ≤ CUS < 1.50, or ≥ 1.50). Subjective sleep quality was categorized as poor, moderate, or good. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. A weekend CUS ratio of < 1.00 and poor sleep quality was significantly associated with mental health. Absolutely short sleep duration (CUS < 1.00 and weekday sleep duration < 5 h) was most associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, adolescents with a CUS ratio of ≥ 1.50 showed increased odds of depressive symptoms despite having good sleep quality. Appropriate weekend CUS may benefit adolescents’ mental health. When investigating the relationship between adolescents’ sleep and mental health, a weekend CUS ratio should be considered in addition to sleep quality and duration.
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[Asthma and suicidal behavior in adolescents: a literature review]. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:344-366. [PMID: 35459587 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a difficult time in life and asthma has major psychological consequences for adolescents. OBJECTIVES This systematic literature review focused on the association between asthma and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideations [SI], suicide plans [SP] and suicide attempts [SA]) among adolescents in the general population. METHOD Research on Medline for the 1980-2021 period. Objectives This systematic literature review focused on the association between asthma and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideations [SI], suicide plans [SP] and suicide attempts [SA]) among adolescents in the general population. RESULTS An overwhelming majority of the studies taken into consideration demonstrated a significant positive association between asthma and suicidal behaviors. Among the 10 studies assessing SI (with or without SP), 9 of them found a significant positive association between asthma and SI. Eight studies assessed SA; five cross-sectional studies and one prospective study demonstrated a significant positive association between asthma and SA. Only one case-control study did not find a significant positive association between asthma and SA after hospitalization for asthma. The two cross-sectional studies assessing suicidal risk taken as a whole (SI, SP and SA) demonstrated a significant positive association between asthma and at least one suicidal behavior. (OR=1.71; P<0.001). However, several studies did not include depression as an adjustment factor. CONCLUSION It is important that healthcare professionals assess suicide risk in adolescent suffering from asthma, the objective being to avoid SA or death from SA.
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Kim SH, Park M, Kim GR, Joo HJ, Jang SI. Association of Mixed Use of Electronic and Conventional Cigarettes and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke With Prediabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e44-e56. [PMID: 34436592 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite previous studies regarding the association between smoking and diabetes, the effects of electronic cigarettes and secondhand smoke (SHS) on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of mixed electronic and conventional cigarette use and exposure to SHS with prediabetes. DESIGN Data from the 2014-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. SETTING Nationwide population-based. PARTICIPANTS Of 39 199 participants, 22 385 participants (9490 men, 12 895 women) without diabetes were included. The main independent variables were smoking behaviors, including exposure to SHS. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prediabetes (hemoglobin A1C of 5.7-6.4%). RESULTS Of 22 385 participants without diabetes, 6735 had prediabetes. Mixed cigarette use was associated with a 1.57-fold increase in the odds of prediabetes when compared with never-smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.29-1.92] and a 1.27-fold increase when compared with conventional cigarette use only (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07-1.52). Participants who were current nonsmokers, but mixed users in the past had an increased risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.04-2.13). There was no significant association between prediabetes and current nonsmoking in individuals with previous conventional cigarette use only. Among never-smokers, exposure to SHS significantly increased the risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.30). CONCLUSIONS Mixed use of electronic and conventional cigarettes and exposure to SHS increased the risk of prediabetes. Further studies are required to comprehensively investigate the molecular biology underlying the effects of previous and current mixed use of electronic cigarettes and SHS on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Ri Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Joo
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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