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McNally RJQ, Wakeford R, Bunch KJ, Hayes L, Vernon S, Jeffrey PA, Paley L, Elliott A. Thyroid cancer incidence in cohorts exposed in childhood to 131I released during the Windscale nuclear reactor accident at Sellafield, England, in 1957. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2024:10.1007/s00411-024-01087-y. [PMID: 39150515 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-024-01087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
A fire in one of the Windscale nuclear reactors at Sellafield (Cumbria, England) in October 1957 released 1,800 TBq of 131I (half-life, 8 days) to atmosphere. Measurements of 131I activity in thyroids of exposed children showed typical thyroid doses of tens of milligray, but with some exceeding 100 mGy. Radiation exposure in childhood is known to increase the risk of thyroid cancer. Consequently, an investigation was conducted into whether raised numbers of thyroid cancer cases occurred in those exposed to 131I as young children in Cumbria. A database of Cumbrian births from 1950 onwards allowed cohorts of 56,086 births during 1950-1958 and 137,444 births during 1959-1980 to be constructed, periods including children potentially exposed and unexposed, respectively, to 131I. Three areas of Cumbria with different 131I contamination levels were identified from monitoring data, and births assigned to these three areas for the two periods of birth. Members of these six sub-cohorts were linked to incident thyroid cancer cases in Great Britain during 1981-2020 using national cancer registration databases, providing thyroid cancer incidence rates. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs), with the lowest contamination area as a reference, were computed. No IRR differed discernibly from unity. For births during 1950-1958, the IRR for the combined highest and intermediate 131I contamination areas was 0.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.24, 1.56), and no case of thyroid cancer was found in the small cohort born in the highest contamination area. In conclusion, no increased risk of thyroid cancer in those exposed to 131I as young children in Cumbria in 1957 was detected. This study adds to the evidence on the long-term risk of thyroid cancer following childhood exposure to low and moderate levels of 131I, such as occurred following the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Q McNally
- Population Health Sciences Institute & Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Sir James Spence Institute, Newcastle University, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Richard Wakeford
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Kathryn J Bunch
- Formally of the Childhood Cancer Research Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Louise Hayes
- Population Health Sciences Institute & Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Sir James Spence Institute, Newcastle University, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Sally Vernon
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Polly-Anne Jeffrey
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Lizz Paley
- National Disease Registration Service, National Health Service England, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Alex Elliott
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Yoon KH, Lee JC, Song YJ, Kim WJ, Shim MS, Kim HY, Kim JY, Noh BJ, Na DG. Preoperative ultrasonography parathyroid gland mapping can improve identification of normal parathyroid gland during thyroidectomy: A propensity score-matched case-control study. Head Neck 2024. [PMID: 39092655 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate intraoperative identification of normal parathyroid glands (PTGs) is vital to avoid hypocalcemia post total thyroidectomy. Although ultrasonography (US) has been shown to identify normal PTGs, the significance of preoperative US PTG mapping in this context is not well studied. This study evaluated the impact of preoperative US PTG mapping on intraoperative identification of normal PTGs during total thyroidectomy. METHODS The study involved 161 consecutive patients who underwent total thyroidectomy between January 2020 and June 2022. These included patients without preoperative US PTG mapping (group 1, n = 91) and those with the mapping (group 2, n = 70). Propensity score matching yielded 61 matched patients from each group. We developed a preoperative US PTG mapping technique combining US identification of normal PTGs with their localization on thyroid CT images. The intraoperative detectability of normal PTGs during thyroid surgery and detectability of normal PTGs by the preoperative US mapping were assessed by the number of PTGs identified per patient and by location. RESULTS In the matched cohort, group 2 demonstrated a higher median number of identified PTGs (3 vs. 2, p = 0.011), a greater proportion of patients with three or more identified PTGs (65.5% vs. 44.3%, p = 0.018), and a higher ratio of identified to expected PTGs (70.5% vs. 60.2%, p = 0.011) than group 1. In group 2, the median number of normal PTGs identified preoperatively was 3, with at least one identified in 95.7% of patients, two or more in 84.3%, three or more in 52.9%, and four or five in 24.3%. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative US PTG mapping identified two or more normal PTGs in the majority of adult patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Those with preoperative mapping showed a higher number of intraoperatively identified normal PTGs, including inferior PTGs, compared to those without. This technique appears to enhance the intraoperative identification of normal PTGs, thereby potentially improving surgical outcomes in total thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hyun Yoon
- Department of Surgery, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Yong Jin Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Won Jun Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Myoung Sook Shim
- Department of Endocrinology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Ha Young Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Jin Yub Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Joo Noh
- Department of Pathology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Na
- Department of Radiology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
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Li X, Chen Z, Wu L, Tu P, Mo Z, Xing M. Prevalence of thyroid nodule and relationship with physiological and psychosocial factors among adults in Zhejiang Province, China: a baseline survey of a cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1854. [PMID: 38992649 PMCID: PMC11238450 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules have attracted much attention due to their high incidence and potential for malignant transformation. Compared with the clinical assessment and diagnosis of thyroid nodules, there are relatively few studies on the epidemiological risk factors for thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodule among adults in Zhejiang province and to explore their relationship with physiological and psychosocial factors. METHODS The data used in this study were obtained from the baseline survey of the Zhejiang Provincial Cohort Study on Environment and Health. From June 2022 to December 2023, a total of 21,712 participants from five representative cities in Zhejiang were recruited for the baseline survey. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15,595 adults were included in the analysis. The data were collected via self-report questionnaires and physical examinations. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was subsequently performed. RESULTS The detection rate of thyroid nodules was 50.98% among adults in Zhejiang province. Age, gender, education level, BMI, tea and alcohol consumption all had a statistically significant association with thyroid nodules (p < 0.05). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, results of logistic regression analysis showed that good life satisfaction (OR = 0.854, 95% CI: 0.780-0.934) had a lower risk of thyroid nodules, however, poor life satisfaction (OR = 1.406, 95% CI: 1.014-1.951), social isolation (OR = 1.294, 95% CI: 1.089-1.538) and a family history of thyroid nodules (OR = 1.334, 95% CI: 1.064-1.672) had a greater risk of thyroid nodules. CONCLUSION The detection rate of thyroid nodules in adults of Zhejiang province was an increasing trend compared with that in previous years. In addition to the sensitive thyroid nodule screening technology, influencing factors mentioned in this study might also represent credible candidates for this increase. As variable influence factors, weight management, good interpersonal relationships and life satisfaction should be the focus of health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Lizhi Wu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Pengchen Tu
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Zhe Mo
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Mingluan Xing
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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Punjwani S, Jani C, Liu W, Kakoullis L, Salciccioli I, Al Omari O, Merchant A, Singh H, Marshall D, Shalhoub J, Salciccioli JD, Sehra ST. Burden of gout among different WHO regions, 1990-2019: estimates from the global burden of disease study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15953. [PMID: 38987583 PMCID: PMC11236997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of gout has increased rapidly, likely secondary to the increase in the prevalence of conditions that predispose to gout, such as obesity. Depending on the population studied, the prevalence of gout ranges from less than 1 to 6.8%. Thus, gout can be a significant burden on healthcare systems. The objective of this study is to observe the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of gout between 1990 and 2019 globally and in the European Union (EU) 15+ nations. We extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease Study database based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) versions 10 and 9. Incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted for individual EU15+ countries and globally in males and females between 1990 and 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to describe trends. Between 1990 and 2019, gout prevalence, incidence, and DALYs increased in both males (+ 21.42%, + 16.87%, + 21.49%, respectively) and females (+ 21.06%, + 18.75%, + 20.66%, respectively) globally. The United States of America had the highest increase in prevalence (males: + 90.6%; females + 47.1%), incidence (males: + 63.73%; females: + 39.11%) and DALYs (males: + 90.43%; females: + 42.75%). Incidence, prevalence, and DALYs from gout are increasing worldwide and in most of the EU15+ countries for males and females. Studies have reported the association of gout with comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Health policies and resource allocation are required to increase awareness and modify risk factors globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoheera Punjwani
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Chinmay Jani
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University's of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Loukas Kakoullis
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ingrid Salciccioli
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Omar Al Omari
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA, 02131, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Dominic Marshall
- Critical Care Research Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joseph Shalhoub
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Justin D Salciccioli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Shiv T Sehra
- Division of Rheumatology, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Cosme I, Figueiredo A, Pinheiro S, Leite V. INCIDENTALLY VS. NON-INCIDENTALLY DIAGNOSED PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA: ARE THERE DIFFERENCES? Eur Thyroid J 2024; 13:ETJ-24-0106. [PMID: 38968008 PMCID: PMC11301558 DOI: 10.1530/etj-24-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) incidence increased over the past 50 years. The explanation for this is not consensual. OBJECTIVE Compare incidental vs. non-incidental TC (ITC vs. NITC) regarding demographic, clinical, histological data and 5-year clinical outcomes. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of 225 papillary TC (PTC) cases that completed a 5-year follow-up. METHODS Created 2 groups: ITC (including the incidentalomas) and NITC (cases of palpable or visible nodules or with thyroid compressive complaints). RESULTS Included 225 PTC (122 were ITC). There were 95 women in ITC and 78 in NITC. ITC patients were significantly older (53.3±14.8 vs 47.2±17.7, p=0.006). Groups had no differences in family history of TC. ITC mean tumour size was smaller (19.1±9.2 vs 28.6±16.2, p<0.01). Tumours >20mm comprised 36.1% of ITC and 58.2% of NITC. We found no differences in tumour multifocality, histological thyroiditis, aggressive PTC subtypes, capsule or lymph-vascular invasion and gross extrathyroidal extension. There were no differences regarding the number of patients submitted to RAI or in RAI activity. pTMN staging showed higher prevalence of T3a and T4 cases (p<0.01), and M1 status (p=0.025) in NITC. There were no differences in the rates of persistence of disease. Logistic regression showed that the diagnostic modality had no impact on the 5-year clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS ITC patients were older and had smaller tumours. NITC showed no worst histological features or 5-year clinical outcome. Approximately, one third of ITC had diameters >20mm. As even large tumours can be ITC, overdiagnosis can be the most likely cause for the TC increasing incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Cosme
- Department of Endocrinology, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiredo
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Pinheiro
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gong Y, Jiang Q, Zhai M, Tang T, Liu S. Thyroid cancer trends in China and its comparative analysis with G20 countries: Projections for 2020-2040. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04131. [PMID: 38873786 PMCID: PMC11177899 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer, a leading type of endocrine cancer, accounts for 3-4% of all cancer diagnoses. This study aims to analyse and compare thyroid cancer patterns in China and the Group twenty (G20) countries, and predict these trend for the upcoming two decades. Methods This observational longitudinal study utilised data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. We used metrics including incidence, mortality, mortality-incidence ratio (MIR), age-standardised rate (ASR) and average annual percent change (AAPC) to examine thyroid cancer trends. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify periods manifesting notable changes. The association between sociodemographic index (SDI) and AAPC were investigated. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict thyroid cancer trends from 2020 to 2040. Results From 1990 to 2019, thyroid cancer incidence cases in China increased by 289.6%, with a higher AAPC of age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) in men. Contrastingly, the G20 demonstrated a smaller increase, particularly among women over 50. Despite the overall age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) was higher in the G20, the increase in mortality was less pronounced than in China. Age-standardised incidence rate increased across all age groups and genders, with a notable rise among men aged 15-49. ASMR decreased in specific age groups and genders, especially among women. Conversely, the ASMR significantly increased in group aged over 70. The MIR exhibited a declining trend, but this decrease was less noticeable in men and the group aged over 70. Joinpoint analysis pinpointed significant shifts in overall ASIR and ASMR, with the most pronounced increase in ASIR during 2003-2011 in China and 2003-2010 in the G20. Predictions suggested a continual ASIR uptrend, especially in the 50-69 age group, coupled with a predicted ASMR downturn among the elderly by 2040. Moreover, the proportion of thyroid cancer deaths attributable to high body mass index (BMI) escalated, with significant increase in Saudi Arabia and a rise to 7.4% in China in 2019. Conclusions Thyroid cancer cases in incidence and mortality are escalating in both China and the G20. The increasing trend may be attributed to factors beyond overdiagnosis, including environmental and genetic factors. These findings emphasise the necessity for augmenting prevention, control, and treatment strategies. They also highlight the significance of international collaboration in addressing the global challenge posed by thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gong
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mimi Zhai
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tenglong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hu S, Wu X, Jiang H. Trends and projections of the global burden of thyroid cancer from 1990 to 2030. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04084. [PMID: 38751316 PMCID: PMC11109522 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to explore the burden of thyroid cancer worldwide from 1990 to 2019 and to project its future trends from 2020 to 2030. Methods Based on annual data on thyroid cancer cases from 1990 to 2019 available in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we calculated the age-standardised incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates for thyroid cancer. We used the estimated annual percentage change (EPAC) to quantify the temporal trends in these age-standardised rates from 1990 to 2019 and applied generalised additive models to project the disease burden from 2020 to 2030. Results The global age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 1990 to 2019, with a higher overall disease burden in women than in men at both study time points. The male-to-female ratios for the ASIR increased from 0.41 in 1990 to 0.51 in 2019, while the ratio for the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) increased from 0.60 to 0.82. The models predicted the United Arab Emirates would have the fastest rising trend in both the ASIR (estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) = 4.19) and age-standardised DALY rate (EAPC = 4.36) in 2020-30, while Saint Kitts and Nevis will have the fastest rising trend in the ASDR (EAPC = 2.29). Meanwhile, the growth trends for the ASDR and age-standardised DALY rate are projected to increase across countries in this period. A correlation analysis of the global burden of thyroid cancer between 1990-2019 and 2020-30 showed a significant positive correlation between the increase in the ASIR and socio-demographic index (SDI) in low-SDI and low-middle-SDI countries. Conclusions The global burden of thyroid cancer is increasing, especially in the female population and in low-middle-SDI regions, underscoring a need to target them for effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supei Hu
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Research and Education department, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xianjiang Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Lin R, Huang S, Guo X, Gao S, Zheng F, Zheng Z. Impact of fellowship training for specialists on thyroidectomy outcomes of patients with thyroid cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9033. [PMID: 38641717 PMCID: PMC11031587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the impact of fellowship training (FT) for thyroid specialists on the outcomes of patients with thyroid cancer. We reviewed surgeries performed for thyroid cancer before (non-FT group) and after (FT group) fellowship training and compared several variables, including length of stay of patients, tumor diameter, surgical method, lymph node dissection, parathyroid implantation, surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications. Compared with the non-FT group, the FT group had a shorter hospital stay, more adequate fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid, less intraoperative blood loss, higher rate of parathyroid implantation, higher lymph node dissection rate, and lower nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism rates. When the surgical duration was < 200 min and/or only central lymph node dissection was performed, the FT group had a lower incidence of postoperative complications than the non-FT group. When, the incidence of postoperative complications, including postoperative nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism. In conclusion, FT for thyroid specialists is beneficial for patients with thyroid cancer and may allow a shorter hospital stay and reduced incidence of postoperative complication. Accordingly, FT may facilitate a more appropriate surgical approach with a preoperative pathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujiao Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sitao Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiumei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shengnan Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Zhengrong Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
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Zhao Q, Chen M, Fu L, Yang Y, Zhan Y. Assessing and projecting the global burden of thyroid cancer, 1990-2030: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04090. [PMID: 38577809 PMCID: PMC10995745 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to assess the global incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of thyroid cancer between 1990 and 2030. Methods Our study analysed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data from 204 countries, spanning 1990-2019. It focused on age-standardised thyroid cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), using the sociodemographic index (SDI) for assessing socioeconomic levels. Generalised additive models (GAMs) projected thyroid cancer trends for 2020-2030. Results The global burden of thyroid cancer is predicted to increase significantly from 1990 to 2030. The number of thyroid cancer incidence cases is projected to rise from 233 846.64 in 2019 to 305 078.08 by 2030, representing an approximate 30.46% increase. The ASIR (age-standardised incidence rate) is expected to continue its upward trend (estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) = 0.83). The age-standardised death rate (ASDR) for thyroid cancer is projected to decline in both genders, more notably in women (EAPC = -0.34) compared to men (EAPC = -0.17). The burden of disease escalates with advancing age, with significant regional disparities. Regions with lower SDI, particularly in South Asia, are anticipated to witness substantial increases in thyroid cancer incidence from 2020 to 2030. The overall disease burden is expected to rise, especially in countries with low to middle SDI, reflecting broader socio-economic and health care shifts. Conclusions This study highlights significant regional and gender-specific variations in thyroid cancer, with notable increases in incidence rates, particularly in areas like South Asia. These trends suggest improvements in diagnostic capabilities and the influence of socio-economic factors. Additionally, the observed decline in mortality rates across various regions reflects advancements in thyroid cancer management. The findings underline the critical importance of regionally tailored prevention strategies, robust cancer registries, and public health initiatives to address the evolving landscape of thyroid cancer and mitigate health disparities globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Manting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leiwen Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Zhai M, Lei X, Li Y, Li L, Jiang Q, Li Y, Liu S. The trend of AIDS in China: A prediction and comparative analysis with G20 countries based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04029. [PMID: 38426702 PMCID: PMC10906135 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In China, AIDS has become the most severe notifiable infectious disease. The study aimed to analyse and predict the trend of AIDS in China and compared with Group of Twenty (G20) countries. Methods We utilised incidence, mortality or disability-adjusted life years (DALY), age-standardised rates (ASR), average annual percentage changes (AAPC) to estimate the trend via GBD 2019. The Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to identify the most significant years of change. We explored the relationship between AAPC and social development index (SDI) or health care access and quality (HAQ), and predicted trends for the next 20 years. Results The DALY in G20 increase of 340.42%, and 794.50% in China. The age-standardised DALY rate (ASDR) in G20 was 309.49 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 284.69, 350.58) in 2019, with an AAPC of 4.30. Among G20, the United States had the highest DALY in 1990, but it experienced a significant decline. In China, the ASDR was 98.15 (95% UI = 78.78, 119.58) with the 5th AAPC ranking. In term of gender, the incidence, mortality, DALY, and ASR of them in China and G20 were all higher in males. Furthermore, the gender gap in China had been widening. The most significant periods of ASDR increase in China were 1990-1995 and 2013-2016, and 1990-1994 in G20. The prediction for DALY indicated that high SDI countries were expected to exhibit a stable or declining trend, while low SDI countries showed an upward trend. China demonstrated a 57.66% increase in 2040 compared to 2019. Conclusions AIDS continues to be a significant burden. In China, the ASIR exhibited a decline trend in certain age groups, while the ASMR and ASDR continued to increase, with a widening gender disparity. In addition, according to our predict results, some countries could not achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development set by the UNAIDS. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more effective and targeted measures, as well as actively explore new treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Zhai
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianyang Lei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Nguyen VC, Song CM, Ji YB, Oh S, Jeong JH, Tae K. Comparison of surgical outcomes of transoral robotic and endoscopic thyroidectomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Head Neck 2024; 46:688-701. [PMID: 38229250 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare surgical outcomes of transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TORT) and transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA), concurrently compared with conventional transcervical thyroidectomy (CTT). A network meta-analysis, comprising 23 studies, was performed in this study. The operative time of the CTT group was significantly shorter than that of the TOETVA and TORT groups. The hospital stay of the TOETVA group was significantly longer than that of the CTT group. Rates of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and total complications were higher in association with TOETVA than with TORT. No significant differences were found between the three groups in intraoperative blood loss, retrieved lymph nodes, postoperative pain, and other complications. Cosmetic satisfaction was significantly superior with TORT and TOETVA than with CTT. Compared with CTT, TOETVA and TORT showed superior cosmesis but no significant difference in surgical outcomes except for operative time and hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Cuong Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Myeon Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sukjoong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyeok Jeong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Du M, Liu M, Liu J. Global, regional, and national disease burden and attributable risk factors of HIV/AIDS in older adults aged 70 years and above: a trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 152:e2. [PMID: 38097398 PMCID: PMC10789987 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823001954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the burden and trend of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among older adults over the past three decades at different geographical levels, based on the data collected from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study 2019. This assessment identified the average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) using Joinpoint regression analysis. Globally, the incidence of HIV/AIDS has decreased (AAPC = -3.107); however, the overall prevalence has consistently increased (AAPC = 5.557). Additionally, both mortality (AAPC = 2.166) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; AAPC = 2.429) have increased. The highest increasing trends in female HIV/AIDS incidence and prevalence were observed in the Central Asia region. However, for males, these trends were observed in the Oceania region and the high-income Asia Pacific region, respectively. In recent decades, females aged 70-74 years had the highest incidence and prevalence, while males aged 70-74 years had highest mortality and DALYs in low social development index (SDI) regions. Unsafe sex resulted in 15 381.16 deaths, accounting for 90.73% of all HIV/AIDS deaths, and 331 140.56 DALYs, accounting for 91.12% of all HIV/AIDS DALYs. The HIV/AIDS disease burden differs by region, age, and sex among older adults. Sexual health education and targeted screening for older adults are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Jin S, Luo L, Xu X, Xia K. Thyroid cancer burden and risk factors in China from 1990-2019: a systematic analysis using the global burden of disease study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1231636. [PMID: 38023126 PMCID: PMC10663347 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1231636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine system malignancy with a rapidly increasing incidence in China. Epidemiological data on TC at the national level are lacking. This study aimed to quantify the TC disease burden in China between 1990 and 2019 and evaluate the current status and trends of the disease burden attributed to a high body mass index (HBMI). Methods The 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study dataset was used to explore the TC disease burden. Age-standardized rates of incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), deaths (ASDR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were considered and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated as a measure of the average change in age-standardized rates. The trend in TC-related mortality and DALYs attributed to an HBMI, accounting for different age groups and sexes, was examined. Results Between 1990 and 2019, the ASDR and DALYs for TC decreased by 0.02/100000 and 1.17/100000, respectively. The ASPR and ASIR increased by 9.88/100000 and 1.04/100000, respectively. The EAPC for ASDR, age-standardized rates of DALYs, ASPR, and ASIR were 0.06 (95% CI: -0.09, 0.21), -0.20 (95% CI: -0.31, -0.10), 3.52 (95% CI: 3.35, 3.68), and 2.73 (95% CI: 2.58, 2.88), respectively. TC-related deaths, DALYs, and their prevalence and incidence in China increased by 118%, 350%, 81%, and 290%, respectively. The disease burden of TC was higher among male than female patients in different age groups, with varying distributions. The disease burden attributed to HBMI gradually increased over the past 30 years according to age-standardized DALYs, particularly in male patients. Conclusion The TC burden has increased in China over the past 30 years, and population aging poses a challenge to TC prevention and control. HBMI has become an important factor in the TC disease burden and further research should focus on reducing the disease burden among Chinese male patients with TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jin
- School of Biology and Engineering (School of Health and Medicine Modern Industry), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Hospital Infection Management Department, Bijie First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Kaide Xia
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, China
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14
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Du M, Mi D, Liu M, Liu J. Global trends and regional differences in disease burden of stroke among children: a trend analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2120. [PMID: 37891500 PMCID: PMC10612321 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a major cause of acute neurological symptoms in children with significant long-term neurological sequelae. However, data of diseases burden on stroke among children was lack. We aimed to be dedicated to analyze and compare global trends as well as regional and sociodemographic differences in stroke prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) among children aged 0 ~ 14 years. METHOD We obtained data on annual number of incident strokes, prevalent strokes, deaths, and DALYs, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), prevalence rates (ASPRs), mortality rates (ASMRs) and DALY rates (ASDRs) of stroke among individuals aged 14 years and younger during 1990-2019 from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. To quantify the temporal trends, we calculated changes (%) in number, and used joinpoint regression analysis to identify the average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) of age standardized rates. RESULT Globally, the incident strokes and prevalent strokes increased by 18.51% and 31.97%, respectively, but DALYs due to stroke and deaths due to stroke decreased by 60.18% and 65.03%, respectively, from 1990 to 2019. During the same period, ASIR increased by 0.21% (95%CI: 0.17, 0.24) from 18.02 to 100,000 population in 1990 to 19.11 per 100,000 in 2019; ASPR increased by 0.66% (95%CI: 0.36, 0.96) from 68.88 to 100,000 population in 1990 to 81.35 per 100,000 in 2019; while ASMR (AAPC= -3.94; 95%CI: -4.07, -3.81) and ASDR (AAPC= -3.50; 95%CI: -3.64, -3.36) both decreased. In 2019, the highest age standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates all occurred in low sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. The greatest increase of age standardized incidence rate (AAPC = 0.21; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.25) and prevalence rate (AAPC = 1.15; 95%CI: 0.34, 1.96) both were in high SDI regions. Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASIR and ASPR in 2019, and Oceania had the highest ASMR and ASDR in 2019 across 21 GBD regions. High-income North America had the largest increase in ASIR (AAPC = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.59, 0.66) and ASPR (AAPC = 1.58; 95%CI: 0.54, 2.63). Against the overall decreasing trend of ASMR, an increasing trend of ASMR was found in Zimbabwe (AAPC = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.44, 1.37) and Botswana (AAPC = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.02, 1.47). CONCLUSION The overall increasing stroke incidence and prevalence indicated that prevention and management of stroke among younger population should be critical in the future. Despite stroke mortality with falling trend worldwide, specific countries or territories present worrying increase in stroke mortality. Without urgent implementation of effective primary prevention strategies, the stroke burden of children will probably continue to grow across the world, particularly in high-SDI countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Donghua Mi
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, No.5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
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15
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Song B, Lin Z, Feng C, Zhao X, Teng W. Global research landscape and trends of papillary thyroid cancer therapy: a bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1252389. [PMID: 37795362 PMCID: PMC10546338 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1252389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide. The treatment of PTC has attracted extensive attention and discussion from the public and scholars. However, no article has systematically assessed the related literature. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric and knowledge map analysis to reveal the dynamic scientific developments in the PTC therapy field. Methods We retrieved publications related to PTC therapy from the Web of Scientific Core Collection (WoSCC) on May 1, 2023. The bibliometric package in R software, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to analyze countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Then, we systematized and summarized the research landscape, global trends and hot topics of research. Results This bibliometric analysis spanned from 2012 to 2022 and involved 18,501 authors affiliated with 3,426 institutions across 87 countries/regions, resulting in the publication of 3,954 papers in 860 academic journals. Notably, the number of publications and citations related to PTC therapy research has exhibited a steady increase over the past decade. China and the United States have emerged as leading contributors in terms of publication count, with the United States also being the most cited country. Furthermore, among the top 10 institutions with the highest number of published papers, half were located in China. Among the journals, Thyroid is ranked first in terms of total publications and citations. The most productive individual author was Miyauchi Akira. While previous research primarily focused on surgery and radioactive iodine therapy, the increasing emphasis on health awareness and advancements in medical technology have led to the emergence of active surveillance, thermal ablation, and genomic analysis as prominent areas of research. Conclusion In conclusion, this comprehensive and quantitative bibliometric analysis elucidates the research trends and hotspots within PTC therapy, drawing from a substantial body of publications. This study provides valuable insights into the historical and current landscape of PTC therapy research while also offering guidance for future research directions. This study serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking new avenues of exploration in the field.
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Jani CT, Ahmed A, Singh H, Mouchati C, Al Omari O, Bhatt PS, Sharma R, Farooq M, Liu W, Shalhoub J, Marshall D, Salciccioli JD, Warner JL, Lam P. Burden of AML, 1990-2019: Estimates From the Global Burden of Disease Study. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2300229. [PMID: 37992271 PMCID: PMC10681472 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE AML accounts for 80% of acute leukemia in adults. While progress has been made in treating younger patients in the past 2 decades, there has been limited improvement for older patients until recently. This study examines the global and European Union (EU) 15+ trends in AML between 1990 and 2019. METHODS We extracted age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), age-standardized death rates (ASMRs), and disability-adjusted life years, stratified by sex from the Global Burden of Disease Study database, and mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) were computed. Trends were compared using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS The findings show a global increase in AML incidence for both sexes from 1990 to 2019. In the EU15+ countries, most countries exhibited an increase in ASIR for both sexes. Joinpoint revealed that globally for male patients, ASIR steadily increased until 2010, remained stable until 2015 followed by a decline till 2019. Similar trends were observed in female patients. For ASMR, although there was an increase globally and in most EU15+ countries, there was a statistically significant decrease in mortality rates globally and in the majority of EU15+ countries in recent years. MIR improved in both sexes globally. On age stratification, AML burden was highest among older groups (55 years and older), while the lowest rates were observed in younger than 20 years. CONCLUSION The findings from our study indicate a global rise in AML incidence and mortality in both sexes and decrease in MIR from 1990 to 2019 suggesting a better survival. However, on Joinpoint analysis, there is no change in MIR in women in the past decade and past 4 years in men indicating plateau in survival trends despite recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay T. Jani
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Miami, Miami, FL
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alaaeldin Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harpreet Singh
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Christian Mouchati
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Omar Al Omari
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Padmanabh S. Bhatt
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Humanities and Social Science, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | | | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph Shalhoub
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Marshall
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Critical Care Research Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Justin D. Salciccioli
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- M.D.R Collaborative Group, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeremy L. Warner
- Center for Clinical Cancer Informatics and Data Science, Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Prudence Lam
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA
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Hsu YC, Cheng SYH, Chien MN, Cheng SP. Impact of social and economic factors on global thyroid cancer incidence and mortality. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:4185-4193. [PMID: 37095323 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased substantially over the past few decades and is partially explained by overdiagnosis. Geographical variations in incidence rates were reported to be related to national development status. This study aimed to gain deeper insights into global thyroid cancer burden by incorporating additional social and economic factors to account for cross-national disparities. METHODS We performed a multivariate analysis of age-standardized incidence and mortality data from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database for 126 countries that had more than 100 incident cases of thyroid cancer. The human development index (HDI), current health expenditure, and additional Global Health Observatory indicators were extracted from multiple sources. RESULTS Age-standardized incidence was highly correlated with HDI (standardized coefficient beta = 0.523, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.275-0.771) among the countries studied. The prevalence of raised fasting blood glucose was associated with age-standardized mortality (beta = 0.277, 95% CI = 0.038-0.517). Generally, the mortality-to-incidence ratio was higher in males than in females. In multivariate analysis, HDI (beta = - 0.767, 95% CI = - 0.902 to - 0.633), current health expenditure (beta = 0.265, 95% CI = 0.137-0.394), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations (beta = 0.192, 95% CI = 0.086-0.298) were associated with mortality-to-incidence ratios. CONCLUSIONS National developments gauged by HDI explain the majority of the variation in incidence rates of thyroid cancer but play a smaller role in disparities in mortality rates. The association between air pollution and thyroid cancer outcomes warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Nan Chien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Cheng
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 92, Chung-Shan North Road, Section 2, Taipei, 104215, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Gallo M, Monami M, Ragni A, Renzelli V. Cancer related safety with SGLT2-i and GLP1-RAs: Should we worry? Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 198:110624. [PMID: 36906235 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Gallo
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - M Monami
- Diabetology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Italy
| | - A Ragni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - V Renzelli
- Diabetologist and Endocrinologist, Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists, Rome, Italy
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19
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Kang YJ, Stybayeva G, Hwang SH. Surgical completeness and safety of minimally invasive thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid cancer: A network meta-analysis. Surgery 2023; 173:1381-1390. [PMID: 36973129 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the surgical outcomes of various minimally invasive and remote-access surgical approaches for thyroid cancer patients. METHODS We collected studies from January 2020 to July 2022 in 6 databases. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed for outcomes and complications of 9 minimally invasive interventions (minimally invasive video-assisted, endoscopic or robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach, endoscopic or robotic postauricular, endoscopic or robot transaxillary approach, transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach or robotic thyroidectomy) and conventional thyroidectomy (control). RESULTS Multiplicity and bilaterality of cancer, lymph node metastasis, and coincidence of thyroiditis showed no significant difference between minimally invasive interventions and control. However, larger tumor size (robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach standardized mean difference -1.3989, 95% confidence interval [-2.1717 to -0.6262]), higher body mass index (robot transaxillary approach standardized mean difference -0.5350, 95% confidence interval [-0.9557 to -0.1144], robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach standardized mean difference -0.2301, 95% confidence interval [-0.4389 to -0.0214]), and frequent extrathyroidal extension (robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach standardized mean difference 0.7435, 95% confidence interval [0.5602-0.9869]) were observed in control. In surgical outcomes and adverse effects, there was no significant difference in hospitalization or retrieved lymph node number between minimally invasive interventions and control. However, longer operative time was observed in the robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach(standardized mean difference 6.5393, 95% confidence interval [5.0476-8.0309]) and transoral robotic thyroidectomy (standardized mean difference 5.4946, 95% confidence interval [2.9984-7.9907]) groups than in control. In surgical completion, the rate of low postoperative serum thyroglobulin, postoperative thyroglobulin level, and postoperative radioactive iodine ablation dose showed no significant difference between minimally invasive interventions and control. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive thyroidectomy did not show inferior results compared to conventional thyroidectomy despite the longer operative time. Surgeons need to prudently consider all aspects of patients to determine the proper surgical approach for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jin Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Se Hwan Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Errors in Table. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:285. [PMID: 36701138 PMCID: PMC9880860 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2022.5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Uppal N, Collins R, James B. Thyroid nodules: Global, economic, and personal burdens. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1113977. [PMID: 36755911 PMCID: PMC9899850 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid nodules have garnered attention due to changes in population surveillance systems and rising concerns about the associated financial burden on healthcare systems, payers, and patients. In this review, we find that prevalence rates vary widely based on method of detection and may particularly pronounced in asymptomatic patients undergoing routine screening. Incidence rates may be particularly rising in lower-income and middle-income countries and may be declining in higher-income countries. Despite high incidence rates, survival rates continue to be as high as 97% for papillary thyroid cancer. Over the last few decades, thyroid nodule workup and management has grown more sophisticated with the advent of fine-needle aspiration biopsy, specialized biomarkers, and molecular testing. However, gaps remain in risk stratification that can lead to substantial costs of care. Certain molecular tests, such as the Afirma Gene Sequencing Classifier can lead to a cost per diagnosis of $17,873 while achieving only mild decreases in diagnostic lobectomies for patients (11.6% to 9.7% in one study). Out-of-pocket costs associated with thyroid nodule management continue to drive significant financial toxicity for patients, especially for individuals with thyroid cancer. Financial toxicity has been defined as a term that describes how direct and indirect medical costs of cancer care strain patients and households via decreased income, assets, and spending on basic necessities. Recent studies suggest that such toxicity can lead to adverse financial outcomes, such as foreclosure and bankruptcy. Additional cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to improve existing thyroid nodule management systems and new clinical tools are needed to avoid unnecessary workup and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Uppal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Reagan Collins
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin James
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Benjamin James,
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Zhou H, Wu J, Shi L, Wang Y, Liu B. Analysis of Delayed Surgery and Clinical Outcomes in Intermediate- and High-risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:3389-3397. [PMID: 36056633 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The optimal timing to performing thyroid surgery following a diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has yet to be fully defined. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine if a delayed surgery may worsen the clinical outcome of PTC patients with intermediate- to high-risk of recurrence. METHODS All consecutive PTC patients with intermediate- to high-risk of recurrence who underwent total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation at 3 tertiary hospitals in southwest China were retrospectively included. Excellent response at 1-year follow-up after initial therapy was defined as no clinical, imaging, or biochemical evidence of PTC. Association of the timing of surgery and excellent response rates. RESULTS The study included 871 patients. The median time interval between PTC diagnosis and surgery was 2 months (range, 1-87 months). Patients were divided according to the timing of surgery, < 6 months (group A, 624/871 [71.6%]), ≥ 6 to 11 months (group B, 123/871 [14.1%]), or ≥ 12 months (group C, 124/871 [14.2%]). One year after initial therapy, 64.7%, 71.5%, and 66.1% of patients in groups A, B, and C, respectively, achieved excellent response (P = 0.27). The lack of impact of surgery timing was observed across intermediate- to high-risk classifications and all T stage categories. These findings did not change when we separately analyzed the groups according to RAI dose (intermediate-dose group: ≤ 3.7 GBq [n = 654], and high-activity group: 5.5 GBq [n = 217]) further subdivided according to the timing of surgery. CONCLUSION Timing of surgery does not seem to affect short-term disease outcomes in intermediate- to high-risk PTC patients. Further research is necessary to assess the impact of delayed surgery on long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Panzhihua Municipal Central Hospital, Panzhihua University, 617067, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, 611100, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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