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Wiklund CA, Lindwall M, Ekblom Ö, Nyberg J, Åberg MI, Paulsson S, Ekblom-Bak E. Change in cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease. Am J Prev Med 2024:S0749-3797(24)00252-6. [PMID: 39032520 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been associated with a lower risk of depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease. The aim was to explore CRF changes over time associated with these outcomes. METHODS This large-scale prospective cohort study, using data from Swedish population-wide registries and databases (during 1972-2020), included men (n=131,431), with measures of estimated CRF (estCRF) in late adolescence (maximal cycle test) and adulthood (sub-maximal cycle test) (mean years between 24.6, SD 8.8). The study explored how change in estCRF was associated with incident depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease using Cox proportional hazards models. Analyses were performed in 2023. RESULTS Higher estCRF in late adolescence and adulthood were associated with a lower risk of incident depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease later in life. For all three outcomes, an increase in estCRF (ml/min/kg and z-score) between the two time points was associated with a lower risk. Further, decreasing from moderate or high estCRF in adolescence to low estCRF in adulthood, compared to staying at a moderate or high level, was associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety (HR:1.24 95%CI 1.07-1.45 and 1.25 95%CI 1.06-1.49, respectively). Conversely, increasing from moderate to high estCRF was associated with a lower risk of incident anxiety (HR:0.84 95%CI 0.71-0.99). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that there is a longitudinal association between negative change in estCRF and increased risk of depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease later in life. Decreasing levels of estCRF could be a helpful indicator when identifying these disorders at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla A Wiklund
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Magnus Lindwall
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Box 500, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria I Åberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Regionhälsan, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Paulsson
- Research department, HPI Health Profile Institute, Box 35, 182 11 Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Elin Ekblom-Bak
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bogoian HR, Barber SJ, Carter SE, Mingo C, Rosano C, Dotson VM. Association of white matter hyperintensities and clinical vascular burden with depressive symptoms in Black older adults. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6052. [PMID: 38165121 PMCID: PMC10947565 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Black older adults have a higher vascular burden compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) older adults, which may put them at risk for a form of depression known as vascular depression (VaDep). The literature examining VaDep in Black older adults is sparse. The current study addressed this important gap by examining whether vascular burden was associated with depressive symptoms in Black older adults. METHODS Participants included 113 Black older adults from the Healthy Brain Project, a substudy of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. In multiple regression analyses, clinical vascular burden (sum of vascular conditions) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume predicted depressive symptoms as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, controlling for demographic variables. Follow-up analyses compared the associations in the Black subsample and in 179 NHW older adults. RESULTS Higher total WMH volume, but not clinically-defined vascular burden, predicted higher concurrent depressive symptoms and higher average depressive symptoms over 4 years. Similar associations were found between uncinate fasciculus (UF) WMHs and concurrent depressive symptoms and between superior longitudinal fasciculus WMHs and average depressive symptoms. The association between depressive symptoms and UF WMH was stronger in Black compared to NHW individuals. CONCLUSION This research is consistent with the VaDep hypothesis and extends it to Black older adults, a group that has historically been underrepresented in the literature. Results highlight WMH in the UF as particularly relevant to depressive symptoms in Black older adults and suggest this group may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of WMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R. Bogoian
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah J. Barber
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sierra E. Carter
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chivon Mingo
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vonetta M. Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Chaudhry S, Kumar N, Arena R, Verma S. The evolving role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in ischemic heart disease - state of the art review. Curr Opin Cardiol 2023; 38:552-572. [PMID: 37610375 PMCID: PMC10552845 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for directly assessing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and has a relatively new and evolving role in evaluating atherosclerotic heart disease, particularly in detecting cardiac dysfunction caused by ischemic heart disease. The purpose of this review is to assess the current literature on the link between cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, cardiac dysfunction and CRF assessed by CPET. RECENT FINDINGS We summarize the basics of exercise physiology and the key determinants of CRF. Prognostically, several studies have been published relating directly measured CRF by CPET and outcomes allowing for more precise risk assessment. Diagnostically, this review describes in detail what is considered healthy and abnormal cardiac function assessed by CPET. New studies demonstrate that cardiac dysfunction on CPET is a common finding in asymptomatic individuals and is associated with CV risk factors and lower CRF. This review covers how key CPET parameters change as individuals transition from the asymptomatic to the symptomatic stage with progressively decreasing CRF. Finally, a supplement with case studies with long-term longitudinal data demonstrating how CPET can be used in daily clinical decision making is presented. SUMMARY In summary, CPET is a powerful tool to provide individualized CV risk assessment, monitor the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, and provide meaningful feedback to help patients guide their path to improve CRF when routinely used in the outpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundeep Chaudhry
- Research and Development, MET-TEST, Atlanta, Georgia
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Research Division, Whitby Cardiovascular Institute, Whitby, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ross Arena
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Subodh Verma
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Zang W, Fang M, Chen H, Huang X, Li D, Yan J, Shu H, Zhao M. Effect of concurrent training on physical performance and quality of life in children with malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1127255. [PMID: 37006540 PMCID: PMC10063894 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1127255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the intervention effect of concurrent training on children with malignant tumors to provide evidence for prescribing exercise for children with malignant tumors.MethodsTwelve databases were searched from inception to October 15, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, evaluated the quality, extracted the data, and performed the meta-analysis using R.ResultA total of nine randomized controlled trials involving 371 children were included in this study. The meta-analysis revealed that muscle strength was significantly greater in the exercise group compared to the usual care group [SMD = 0.26, 95% CI (0.04, 0.48), P = 0.023], with subgroup analysis showing no significant difference in upper limb [SMD = 0.13, 95% CI (−0.17, 0.43), P = 0.318] and a considerable difference in lower limb strength [SMD = 0.41, 95% CI (0.08, 0.74), P = 0.015]. Physical activity [SMD = 0.57, 95% CI (0.03, 1.1), P = 0.038], timed up and down stairs test [SMD = −1.22, 95% CI (−2.04, −0.4), P = 0.004], 6-min walking ability [SMD = 0.75, 95% CI (0.38, 1.11), P < 0.01], quality of life [SMD = 0.28, 95% CI (0.02, 0.53), P = 0.033], and cancer-related fatigue [SMD = −0.53, 95% CI (−0.86, −0.19), P = 0.002] were significantly better than the usual care group. There were no significant differences in peak oxygen uptake [SMD = 0.13, 95% CI (−0.18, 0.44), P = 0.397], depression [SMD = 0.06, 95% CI (−0.38, 0.5), P = 0.791], and withdrawal rates [RR = 0.59, 95% CI (0.21, 1.63), P = 0.308] between the two groups.ConclusionConcurrent training could improve physical performance for children with malignancy but had no significant effect on mental health. Because the quality level of evidence is mostly very low, future high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=364140, identifier CRD42022308176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Zang
- Postgraduate School, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin, China
| | - Mingqing Fang
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haohao Chen
- Postgraduate School, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin, China
| | - Xinmeng Huang
- Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of International Culture Education, Chodang University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Heng Shu
- Postgraduate School, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhao
- Winter Olympic School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyuan Zhao
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Gianfredi V, Ferrara P, Pennisi F, Casu G, Amerio A, Odone A, Nucci D, Dinu M. Association between Daily Pattern of Physical Activity and Depression: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116505. [PMID: 35682090 PMCID: PMC9180107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent research suggested that daily pattern of physical activity (PA) may have an important association with depression, but findings are limited and contradictory. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to summarize the literature evidence on the association between timing of PA and depression. A comprehensive search of PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases has been performed, and a total of five manuscripts have been thoroughly reviewed. The performed descriptive analysis shows lower levels of PA among individuals with depression or depressive symptoms, although evidence on the 24 h pattern of PA and depression is limited. An interesting finding is the association between lower PA during the morning, higher PA late in the evening (night), and depression or depressive symptoms. However, definitive conclusions could not be drawn due to the observational nature of the studies, their limited number, the high heterogeneity in the sample populations, and the studies’ differing outcome definitions and exposure assessments. Future studies considering not only the level of PA but also its daily variability might be important to further explore this novel area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Ferrara
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (P.F.); (A.O.)
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Flavia Pennisi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Giulia Casu
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (P.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Daniele Nucci
- Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
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Schrader B, Bünker AM, Conradi C, Lüders S, Vaske B, Koziolek M, Haller H, Elsässer A, Schrader J. Regular Exercise is Associated with a More Favorable Cardiovascular Risk Profile, Better Quality of Life, Less Depression and Less Psychological Stress. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:545-554. [PMID: 35058709 PMCID: PMC8765450 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s338496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schrader
- Department of Cardiology in Klinikum Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Bastian Schrader Email
| | - Anna-Maria Bünker
- Institute for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Research (INFO), Cloppenburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charis Conradi
- Department of Cardiology in Klinikum Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Lüders
- Institute for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Research (INFO), Cloppenburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, St.-Josefs-Hospital, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Vaske
- Department of Statistics, Institute for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Research (INFO), Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Michael Koziolek
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Clinic for Renal and Hypertensive Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Albrecht Elsässer
- Department of Cardiology in Klinikum Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Schrader
- Department of Cardiology in Klinikum Oldenburg, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Institute for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Research (INFO), Cloppenburg, Germany
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Qiu H, Huang C, Liu Q, Jiang L, Xue Y, Wu W, Huang Z, Xu J. Reliability and validity of the Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale Version 1.0 (HFMS V1.0) in Chinese people. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048269. [PMID: 34876418 PMCID: PMC8655532 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the reliability and validity of Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale Version 1.0 (HFMS V1.0) for different population cohorts in the city of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China and to provide evidence and tools for further evaluation of healthy fitness of Chinese population and related factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Urban neighbourhood and Medical University. PARTICIPANTS Elderly people (n=393; mean age 68.27±6.38 years; 53.18% male), university students (n=390; mean age 19.29±1.29 years; 38.21% male) and urban residents (n=393; mean age 32.23±9.41 years; 44.78% male). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes were evaluated the reliability and validity of HFMS V1.0 by internal consistency evaluation, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant construct validity, and factor analysis. RESULTS The Cronbach's α coefficients for HFMS V1.0 were all greater than 0.85 for overall scale of total samples and three individual groups, and the split-half reliability and intragroup correlation coefficients were both greater than 0.70 (p<0.01). The correlation of each item, dimension and subscales ranged from 0.52 to 0.91 (p < 0.01). A total of 10 factors were screened by exploratory factor analysis with the cumulative contribution rate of 61.40%, basically consistent with the theoretical structure of scale. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit: CMIN/DF=3.45, root mean square error of approximation=0.05, GFI=0.91, AGFI=0.90, IFI=0.90, comparative fit index=0.90. CONCLUSION HFMS V1.0 showed acceptable reliability and validity in the test of healthy fitness of general population in Guangzhou. This scale could be a reliable measurement tool for evaluation of healthy fitness and potential risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Qiu
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lijie Jiang
- The Dean's office, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunlian Xue
- Information and Statistics Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixuan Wu
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuomin Huang
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Operation Management Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Castells-Sánchez A, Roig-Coll F, Dacosta-Aguayo R, Lamonja-Vicente N, Sawicka AK, Torán-Monserrat P, Pera G, Montero-Alía P, Heras-Tebar A, Domènech S, Via M, Erickson KI, Mataró M. Exercise and Fitness Neuroprotective Effects: Molecular, Brain Volume and Psychological Correlates and Their Mediating Role in Healthy Late-Middle-Aged Women and Men. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:615247. [PMID: 33776741 PMCID: PMC7989549 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.615247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although exercise is known to have a neuroprotective effect in aging, the mediators underlying the exercise-cognition association remain poorly understood. In this paper we aimed to study the molecular, brain, and behavioral changes related to physical activity and their potential role as mediators. Methods: We obtained demographic, physical activity outcomes [sportive physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)], plasma biomarkers (TNF-α, ICAM-1, HGF, SDF1-α, and BDNF), structural-MRI (brain volume areas), psychological and sleep health (mood, depressive and distress symptoms, and sleep quality), and multi-domain cognitive data from 115 adults aged 50-70 years. We conducted linear regression models and mediation analyses stratifying results by sex in a final sample of 104 individuals [65 women (age = 56.75 ± 4.96) and 39 men (age = 58.59 ± 5.86)]. Results: Women engaging in greater amounts of exercising showed lower TNF-α levels and greater dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporal lobe volumes. Men engaging in greater amounts of exercise showed greater temporal lobe volumes. CRF levels were not related to any of the analyzed outcomes in women but in men higher CRF was associated with lower TNF-α, HGF and ventricle volumes, greater volume of temporal and parietal lobes and fewer depressive symptoms and better mood. In men, reduced TNF-α and HGF levels mediated brain and cognitive CRF-related benefits. Conclusion: Our results show that exercise is a promising approach for influencing inflammation and brain volume and also contributes to ongoing discussions about the physiological mediators for the association between CRF and cognition in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Castells-Sánchez
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Roig-Coll
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosalia Dacosta-Aguayo
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Lamonja-Vicente
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Angelika K Sawicka
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Pere Torán-Monserrat
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mataró, Spain
| | - Guillem Pera
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mataró, Spain
| | - Pilar Montero-Alía
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mataró, Spain
| | - Antonio Heras-Tebar
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Mataró, Spain
| | - Sira Domènech
- Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Via
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Maria Mataró
- Departament of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 59:101452. [PMID: 33667885 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Insomnia predicts the onset, course, and reoccurrence of unipolar depression. However, systematic reviews of treatment options for insomnia in unipolar depression are lacking. After screening 7725 records, 17 trials comprising 1645 patients randomized to 13 treatments were included for quantitative synthesis. Network meta-analysis showed that compared to a passive control condition, all exercise interventions except moderate aerobic exercise alone resulted in significantly better sleep outcomes. Compared with treatment as usual, mind-body exercise plus treatment as usual (SMD: -0.46; 95% CI: -0.80, -0.12) and vigorous strength exercise (SMD: -0.61; 95% CI: -1.12, -0.10) were significantly more effective. Pairwise meta-analyses showed that mind-body exercise (SMD: -0.54; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.23) had beneficial effects compared to passive control. The network meta-analysis is statistically very robust with low heterogeneity, incoherence, and indirectness. However, confidence in the findings was moderate to very low, primarily due to within-study bias. This is the first network meta-analysis to assess exercise's efficacy to improve sleep quality in patients with depression. The findings confirm the benefits of exercise as an add-on treatment for depression. This consolidation of the current state of evidence can help clinicians make evidence-based decisions.
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Gianfredi V, Koster A, Eussen SJPM, Odone A, Amerio A, Signorelli C, Stehouwer CDA, Savelberg HHCM, Wesselius A, Köhler S, Schram MT, Schaper NC. The association between cardio-respiratory fitness and incident depression: The Maastricht Study. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:484-490. [PMID: 33128938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) can help to prevent depression, but identification of the most important psycho-biological pathways involved is unclear. The improvement of cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) in response to MVPA can vary markedly, we therefore examined the association between CRF and the incidence of depressive symptoms. METHODS We used data from The Maastricht Study, a large population-based prospective-cohort study. CRF was estimated at baseline from a graded submaximal exercise protocol and MVPA was measured with accelerometry. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Dutch version of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, both at baseline and during annual follow-up over five years. Cox proportional hazards models were used. RESULTS A total of 1,730 individuals without depressive symptoms at baseline were included in the analysis. During the 5-year follow-up, n = 166 (9.6%) of individuals developed depressive symptoms. Compared to individuals with a low CRF, those with a moderate-to-high CRF had a significantly lower risk of developing depressive symptoms, independent of MVPA (medium CRF: HR = 0.49 (95%CI = 0.33-0.72); high CRF: HR = 0.48 (95% CI = 0.30-0.75). These associations were adjusted for age, sex, level of education, diabetes status, smoking status, alcohol use, energy intake, waist circumferences and antidepressant medications. LIMITATIONS PHQ-9 is a validated screening instrument, but it is not a diagnostic tool of depression. CONCLUSIONS Higher CRF was strongly associated with a lower risk of incident depressive symptoms over 5-year follow-up, independent of the level of MVPA at baseline, suggesting that interventions aimed at improving CRF could reduce the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- School of Public Health, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Annemarie Koster
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Anna Odone
- School of Public Health, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- School of Public Health, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Hans H C M Savelberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translation Research Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Anke Wesselius
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translation Research Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Complex Genetics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; MHeNS School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Miranda T Schram
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; The Netherlands Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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11
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Dishman RK, McDowell CP, Herring MP. Customary physical activity and odds of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 111 prospective cohort studies. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55:926-934. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore whether physical activity is inversely associated with the onset of depression, we quantified the cumulative association of customary physical activity with incident depression and with an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms over time as reported from prospective observational studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and CINAHL Complete databases, supplemented by Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaProspective cohort studies in adults, published prior to January 2020, reporting associations between physical activity and depression.Study appraisal and synthesisMultilevel random-effects meta-analysis was performed adjusting for study and cohort or region. Mixed-model meta-regression of putative modifiers.ResultsSearches yielded 111 reports including over 3 million adults sampled from 11 nations in five continents. Odds of incident cases of depression or an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms were reduced after exposure to physical activity (OR, 95% CI) in crude (0.69, 0.63 to 0.75; I2=93.7) and adjusted (0.79, 0.75 to 0.82; I2=87.6) analyses. Results were materially the same for incident depression and subclinical symptoms. Odds were lower after moderate or vigorous physical activity that met public health guidelines than after light physical activity. These odds were also lower when exposure to physical activity increased over time during a study period compared with the odds when physical activity was captured as a single baseline measure of exposure.ConclusionCustomary and increasing levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in observational studies are inversely associated with incident depression and the onset of subclinical depressive symptoms among adults regardless of global region, gender, age or follow-up period.
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Physical Fitness Level and Mood State Changes in Basic Military Training. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239115. [PMID: 33291293 PMCID: PMC7730406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of fitness level and mood states in the basic military training (BMT) for midshipmen using latent growth model analysis. A total of 285 midshipmen were selected as participants in BMT. The results were as follow: First, the slope of low initial fitness level increase higher than high initial fitness level. Second, there is no significant on relation between the slope of total mood disturbance score (TMD) and initial TMD level. Third, initial fitness level might increase the difference in participants’ mood state. To Sum up, participants in low initial fitness level scored lower on the results of initial TMD than people in high initial fitness level, and the rate of change in TMD of the stronger participants was larger than the others. Thus, we suggested that to consideration not only fitness level but also psychological, social aspect during in BMT.
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Cardiovascular risk as a moderator of associations among anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, PTSD and depression symptoms among trauma-exposed firefighters. J Psychosom Res 2020; 139:110269. [PMID: 33039951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Firefighters experience frequent and severe trauma exposure, which places them at elevated risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. Cardiovascular issues may exacerbate the effects of mental health risk factors, such as anxiety sensitivity (AS) and distress tolerance (DT), on PTSD and depression. The current study investigated cardiovascular risk as a moderator of associations between risk factors (AS and DT) and psychiatric symptoms (PTSD and depression) among firefighters. METHODS Participants were 836 trauma-exposed active duty firefighters (93.90% men; with mean age 38 years, [SD = 9]). Participants endorsing at least one of three cardiovascular risk items-experiencing current high blood pressure, history of heart problems, and experiencing chest pains in the past 2 years-were considered high in cardiovascular risk. RESULTS A structural equation model indicated that higher AS was associated with greater PTSD (β = 0.38, p < .01) and depression symptoms (β = 0.32, p < .01); lower DT was associated with greater PTSD (β = -0.18, p < .01) and depression symptoms (β = -0.31, p < .01). Multigroup analyses showed that cardiovascular risk moderated the association between 1) AS and PTSD symptoms, but not 2) AS and depression symptoms, 3) DT and PTSD symptoms, or 4) DT and depression symptoms. For those high in cardiovascular risk, higher AS was associated more strongly with greater PTSD symptoms (high cardiovascular risk group: β = 0.46, p < .01]; low cardiovascular risk group: β = 0.33, p < .01). CONCLUSIONS High cardiovascular risk may contribute to PTSD symptoms among trauma-exposed firefighters with high AS. These results highlight the importance of considering physical and mental health vulnerabilities in first responder populations.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE : An exaggerated exercise SBP, which is potentially modifiable, may be associated with incident depressive symptoms via an increased pulsatile pressure load on the brain. However, the association between exaggerated exercise SBP and incident depressive symptoms is unknown. Therefore, we examined whether exaggerated exercise SBP is associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms over time. METHODS : We used longitudinal data from the population-based Maastricht Study, with only individuals free of depressive symptoms at baseline included (n = 2121; 51.3% men; age 59.5 ± 8.5 years). Exercise SBP was measured at baseline with a submaximal exercise cycle test. We calculated a composite score of exercise SBP based on four standardized exercise SBP measures: SBP at moderate workload, SBP at peak exercise, SBP change per minute during exercise and SBP 4 min after exercise. Clinically relevant depressive symptoms were determined annually at follow-up and defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire score of at least 10. RESULTS : After a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, 175 participants (8.3%) had incident clinically relevant depressive symptoms. A 1 SD higher exercise SBP composite score was associated with a higher incidence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms [hazard ratio: 1.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.54)]. Results were adjusted for age, sex, education level, glucose metabolism status, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, resting SBP and cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSION : A higher exercise SBP response is associated with a higher incidence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms.
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Reiner Ž, Laufs U, Cosentino F, Landmesser U. The year in cardiology 2018: prevention. Eur Heart J 2020; 40:336-344. [PMID: 30601998 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb University, Kispaticeva 12, Croatia
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig; Liebigstraße 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna; Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany
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Hayek S, Brinkman TM, Plana JC, Joshi VM, Leupker RV, Durand JB, Green DM, Partin RE, Santucci AK, Howell RM, Srivastava DK, Hudson MM, Robison LL, Armstrong GT, Ness KK. Association of Exercise Intolerance With Emotional Distress, Attainment of Social Roles, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2020; 6:1194-1202. [PMID: 32584369 PMCID: PMC7317652 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Importance Exercise intolerance is associated with increased risk for morbidity and mortality in childhood cancer survivors. However, an association between exercise intolerance and psychosocial outcomes has not been fully explored. Objective To examine the associations between exercise intolerance and emotional distress, attainment of social roles, and health-related quality of life in childhood cancer survivors. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional study including 1041 adult survivors of childhood cancer and 286 community controls in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort was conducted at St Jude Children's Research Hospital. The study was performed from April 1, 2012, to March 15, 2020. Exposures Exercise intolerance was defined as relative peak oxygen uptake less than 85% of age- and sex-estimated levels from maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Main Outcomes and Measures Emotional distress was measured with the 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory-18, which includes overall Global Severity Index and depression, anxiety, and somatization subscales. Participants with T scores greater than or equal to 63 were classified as having elevated levels of distress. Social attainment was evaluated using patient-reported educational, employment, and marital status. Health-related quality of life was examined with the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36. Participants with T scores less than or equal to 40 were classified as reporting poor health-related quality of life. Results Of the 1041 participants, 528 were women (50.7%). The prevalence of exercise intolerance among survivors (mean [SD] age, 35.5 [9.2] years) was higher than that among controls (age, 34.5 [10.0] years) (survivors: 634 [60.9%] vs controls: 75 [26.2%], P < .001). After adjusting for age at diagnosis and cardiopulmonary exercise testing, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, physical activity, and exercise intolerance were associated with an increased risk for anxiety (prevalence rate ratio [PRR], 1.95; 95% CI, 1.20-3.16), somatization (PRR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.23-2.80), and unemployment (PRR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.23-2.52); an inverse association was noted with having a college degree (PRR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50-0.88). Exercise intolerance was associated with an increased the risk for scoring less than or equal to 40 on the physical component summary of the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (PRR, 3.69; 95% CI, 2.34-5.84). These associations persisted when either cancer treatment exposures or chronic health conditions were added to the model. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this study suggest that exercise intolerance is independently associated with emotional distress, attainment of social roles, and health-related quality of life of long-term survivors of childhood cancer. The results also suggest that improving physiologic capacity may benefit general health and wellness, as well as emotional health, ability to participate in social roles, and health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tara M. Brinkman
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Juan C. Plana
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Vijaya M. Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Russell V. Leupker
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jean B. Durand
- Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Daniel M. Green
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Robyn E. Partin
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Aimee K. Santucci
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Rebecca M. Howell
- Division of Radiology Oncology, Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Deo Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Melissa M. Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Leslie L. Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Gregory T. Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Kirsten K. Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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Doctor, ask your perimenopausal patient about her physical fitness; association of self-reported physical fitness with cardiometabolic and mental health in perimenopausal women: the FLAMENCO project. Menopause 2020; 26:1146-1153. [PMID: 31513090 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association of self-reported physical fitness (PF) and its components with cardiometabolic and mental health in perimenopausal women. METHODS These cross-sectional analyses included 191 participants (53 ± 4 y old) from the FLAMENCO project. Self-reported PF was assessed with the International Fitness Scale (IFIS). Body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and glucose were measured. The Beck's Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Life Orientation Test Revised, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were used to assess mental health. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, greater overall PF was associated with lower BMI, FM, WC (P < 0.001), DBP and CRP, and higher HDL-C (P < 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), speed-agility, and flexibility were associated with lower BMI, WC, and FM (P < 0.001), and muscle strength (MS) with lower WC and FM (P < 0.05). In addition, CRF, MS, and speed-agility were associated with lower CRP (P < 0.01), and flexibility with enhanced triglycerides and HDL-C (P < 0.05). Overall PF and all its components were associated with lower depression, anxiety, and negative affect (P≤0.01), and greater positive affect (P≤0.05). Overall PF and MS were associated with better sleep quality (P < 0.05), and CRF, MS, and speed-agility with greater optimism (P≤0.05). Finally, overall PF showed evidence of significant association with less pharmaceutical expenditure (B = -7.2, β=-0.145, P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Self-reported PF was associated with better cardiometabolic and mental health in perimenopausal women. The IFIS might be proposed as an inexpensive, quick, and easy tool in clinical settings.
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Fardman A, Banschick GD, Rabia R, Percik R, Segev S, Klempfner R, Grossman E, Maor E. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality and Improves Accuracy of Prediction Models. Can J Cardiol 2020; 37:241-250. [PMID: 32428619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, it is not considered as a risk enhancer by current guidelines. METHODS We evaluated asymptomatic self-referred adults aged 40 to 79 years of age, free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, who were screened annually and completed baseline exercise stress test. Baseline CRF was dichotomized into 2 groups: low (metabolic equivalents < 8) and high. The primary endpoint was the composite of death, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, and stroke after excluding subjects diagnosed with metastatic cancer during follow-up. RESULTS Study population included 15,445 subjects with median age of 49 years (interquartile range: 44-55). During median follow-up of 8 years 1362 (9%) subjects developed the study endpoint. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that both fitness and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) were associated with developing of the study endpoint (P < 0.001 for both). Cox regression model with adjustment for ASCVD risk consistently showed that lower fitness was associated with a significant 23% higher risk to develop the study endpoint (P = 0.001). Continuous net reclassification improvement analysis showed an overall improvement of 11.4% (95% confidence interval, 8%-14.6%; P value < 0.001) in the accuracy of classification when fitness was added to the ASCVD model. CONCLUSIONS Low CRF is a strong independent predictor of the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic adults. Addition of fitness to the pooled cohort ASCVD risk significantly improves the accuracy of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Fardman
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Razi Rabia
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth Percik
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Endocrinology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Shlomo Segev
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute for Medical Screening, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Robert Klempfner
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Institute for Medical Screening, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ehud Grossman
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Maor
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Nikolakaros G, Vahlberg T, Sillanmäki L, Sourander A. Recurrent depression in childhood and adolescence and low childhood socioeconomic status predict low cardiorespiratory fitness in early adulthood. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:782-792. [PMID: 32217260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) strongly influences health, but very little is known about the childhood determinants of adult CRF. Our longitudinal study investigated whether childhood psychopathology and socioeconomic status (SES) were related to adult CRF in 1647 Finnish male military conscripts. METHODS Childhood psychopathology was assessed at the age of eight using the Rutter and Children's Depression Inventory questionnaires. Parental education and family structure were used to assess childhood SES. In late adolescence, depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and smoking with a questionnaire. CRF in early adulthood was examined with the Cooper's 12-minute run test. RESULTS General linear models showed that low parental education (p=0.001), depressive symptoms in childhood (p=0.035) and late adolescence, smoking, underweight, and overweight/obesity (all p<0.001) independently predicted lower CRF. The interaction between depressive symptoms in childhood and adolescence was significant (p=0.003). In adolescents with depressive symptoms, childhood depressive symptoms (p=0.001) and overweight/obesity (p<0.001) predicted lower CRF. In adolescents without depressive symptoms, conduct problems in childhood predicted lower CRF in the initial models, but the effect disappeared after taking into account smoking and body mass index. Mediational analysis confirmed these results. LIMITATIONS We lacked data on physical activity and only studied males at three time-points. CONCLUSIONS Recurrent depression in childhood and adolescence and low SES in childhood predict lower adult CRF. Conduct problems in childhood predict lower CRF, but the effect is mediated by overweight/obesity and smoking. Psychiatric treatment for children and adolescents should promote physical activity, particularly for children with low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Nikolakaros
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; Sleep Disorders Outpatient Clinic, Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Biostatistics, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Sillanmäki
- Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Andre Sourander
- Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland; INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Finland (Principal Investigator)
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Predictors of Sexual Desire and Sexual Function in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: The Role of Lean Mass Index and S-Klotho Plasma Levels. The FIT-AGEING Study. J Sex Med 2020; 17:665-677. [PMID: 32089483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy lifestyle and aging negatively impact sexuality; consequently, the prevalence of sexual problems increases sharply in middle-aged adults, but the determinants of low sexual desire and sexual dysfunction are not fully elucidated. AIMS To investigate the association of cardiometabolic profile, free testosterone plasma levels, body composition, physical fitness, and S-Klotho plasma levels with sexual desire and sexual function in middle-aged sedentary adults. METHODS Seventy-four (39 women) sedentary middle-aged adults (45-65 years old) were recruited for the present cross-sectional study. OUTCOMES The blood samples were collected in the morning (12 h of fasting) to determine cardiometabolic biomarkers and free testosterone and S-Klotho plasma levels. The cardiometabolic risk score was calculated based on the International Diabetes Federation's clinical criteria, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to determine the lean mass index (LMI) and the fat mass index. Maximal oxygen uptake was determined by a maximum treadmill test using indirect calorimetry. Muscular strength was measured with knee extensor isokinetic dynamometry (60° s-1). Sexual desire was assessed with the Sexual Desire Inventory 2. Sexual function was assessed with the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire. RESULTS After age adjustment, free testosterone plasma levels were associated with solitary sexual desire in women (R2 = 0.193, β = 0.342, P = .044). The LMI was associated with solitary sexual desire in men (R2 = 0.258, β = 0.445, P = .024) and sexual function in women (R2 = 0.470, β = -0.607, P < .001). S-Klotho plasma levels were associated with solitary sexual desire and sexual function in men (R2 = 0.412, β = 0.817, P = .001; R2 = 0.193, β = -0.659, P = .021, respectively) and with dyadic sexual desire and sexual function in women (R2 = 0.270, β = 0.508, P = .020; R2 = 0.467, β = -0.676, P < .001, respectively). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS S-Klotho plasma levels may represent a potential new biomarker for sexual desire and sexual function. Lean body mass development may benefit sexual desire and sexual function. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Strengths include the analysis of novel and diverse biomarkers of health for sexual desire and sexual function. Limitations include the cross-sectional design and a relatively small sample size; thus, results should be interpreted cautiously and in the study population context. CONCLUSION S-Klotho plasma levels were strongly associated with dyadic sexual desire, solitary sexual desire, and sexual function in sedentary middle-aged adults. The LMI was also positively associated with solitary sexual desire and sexual function in men and women, respectively. Dote-Montero M, De-la-O A, Castillo MJ, et al. Predictors of Sexual Desire and Sexual Function in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: The Role of Lean Mass Index and S-Klotho Plasma Levels. The FIT-AGEING Study. J Sex Med 2020;17:665-677.
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Taylor WD, Reynolds CF. Psychiatry's Obligation to Treat and Mitigate the Rising Burden of Age-Related Mental Disorders. JAMA Psychiatry 2020; 77:5-6. [PMID: 31461128 PMCID: PMC7047556 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Warren D. Taylor
- The Center for Cognitive Medicine, the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; and the Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System
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Bueno-Antequera J, Munguía-Izquierdo D. Exercise and Depressive Disorder. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1228:271-287. [PMID: 32342464 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by low mood, loss of interest/enjoyment, and reduced energy and one of the five leading causes of disability and a major contributor to all-cause mortality worldwide. People with depression have, between others, a reduced life expectancy, worse quality of life and cardiorespiratory fitness, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes, compared to the general population. Furthermore, the economic burden of mental disorders including depression is evident, and it is expected to increase to more than double by 2030. Therefore, reducing the growing burden of mental disorders such as depression should be a health priority. Improved prevention and treatment are two key factors that may reduce the burden of depression. Pharmacological- and psychotherapy-based interventions have been traditionally considered for treating depression disorders; however, there is an increasing amount of scientific evidence confirming that physical activity and physical exercise should be highly considered in prevention and treatment of depressive disorders. In this chapter, we aim to summarize and discuss the research progress of physical activity and exercise in prevention and treatment of depressive disorder. Specifically, we summarized and discussed the research progress of the prognostic use of physical activity for incident depression, the importance of sedentary behavior and other outcomes typically improved by physical activity/exercise such as cardiorespiratory fitness for future depression, the research progress of the evidence of the benefits of exercise in people with depression disorders, the resistance training effects in adults and older adults with depression, and the recommendations for the prescription of exercise for people with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bueno-Antequera
- Physical Performance Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Research group in development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
- Physical Performance Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.
- Research group in development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging, Madrid, Spain.
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Bueno-Antequera J, Munguía-Izquierdo D. Exercise and Schizophrenia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1228:317-332. [PMID: 32342467 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by distortions of thinking and perception, with no strictly pathognomonic symptoms that can be divided into positive, negative, and cognitive symptom domains. People with schizophrenia have, between others, a reduced life expectancy and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and increased risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia compared to the general population. Furthermore, the economic burden of mental disorders including schizophrenia is evident and it is expected to increase to more than double by 2030. Therefore, reducing the growing burden of mental disorders such as schizophrenia should be a health priority. Improved prevention and treatment are two key factors that may reduce the burden of schizophrenia. Pharmacological- and psychotherapy-based interventions have been traditionally considered for treating schizophrenia disorders; however, there is an increasing amount of scientific evidence confirming that physical activity and physical exercise should be highly considered in prevention and treatment of schizophrenia disorders. In this chapter, we aim to summarize and discuss the research progress of physical activity and exercise in prevention and treatment of schizophrenia disorder. Specifically, we summarized and discussed the research progress of the prognostic use of physical activity for incident schizophrenia; the importance of other outcomes typically improved by physical activity/exercise such as obesity and fitness (cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness) for future schizophrenia; the research progress of the evidence of the benefits of exercise in people with schizophrenia disorders differentiating between effects of exercise on varied health outcomes, cognitive functioning, and cardiorespiratory fitness; and finally the clinical practice recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bueno-Antequera
- Physical Performance Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Research Group in Development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
- Physical Performance Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.
- Research Group in Development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
Anxiety disorders are a group of highly prevalent mental health conditions that can have a debilitating impact on daily functioning and well-being. They can co-occur with other mental health disorders, such as depression. People with anxiety disorders are also at an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Physical activity appears to be protective against anxiety disorders in clinical and nonclinical populations. Exercise, a subset of physical activity, has been shown to significantly reduce the symptoms of anxiety. The mechanisms through which exercise produces these effects are likely to involve a combination of biological and psychological factors. Physical activity may also be useful in reducing the symptoms of comorbid mental health conditions and the risk of physical health complications over time. Promoting physical activity could be a method of preventing or treating anxiety disorders with a wide range of benefits. However, further research will be necessary to address important gaps in the literature before these approaches can be fully implemented in mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kandola
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Fikenzer S, Fikenzer K, Laufs U, Falz R, Schulze A, Busse M. Effects of cardioselective beta-blockade on plasma catecholamines and performance during different forms of exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 60:643-649. [PMID: 31818057 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.10225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-blockers are still frequently used in cardiovascular diseases but may negatively influence the exercise capacity. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of beta-blockade on physical performance and plasma level of catecholamine during different forms of exercise. METHODS Ten prehypertensive athletes (age: 25.1±2.5 years, BMI: 24.4±2.4 kg/m2) performed repeated incremental exercise and steady-state-tests without and with the cardioselective beta-blocker bisoprolol (5mg/day). The cardiopulmonary, metabolic and the catecholamine responses were monitored. RESULTS Beta-blocker treatment had no effect on maximum power output (Pmax), lactate and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (Pmax: 269.0±41.5 vs. 269.0±41.5 W; lactate: 8.7±2.6 vs. 8.6±3.2 mmol/L and VO2max: 3110±482 vs. 3077±425 mL/min, respectively; P not significant). Epinephrine and norepinephrine showed a similar exponential increase to maximum load with and without beta-blockade (epinephrinemax 1.92±1.8 vs. 1.93±1.3 nmol/L; P not significant; norepinephrinemax 12.78±7.9 vs. 16.89±12.2 nmol/L; P not significant). Beta-blockade lowered heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at rest and under maximum load (ΔHRrest: 10.6±11.1 bpm, P<0.05, ΔHR-Max: 27.8±6.6 bpm, P<0.01; ΔSBPrest: 19.4±9.3 mmHg, P<0.05, ΔSBPmax: 17.7±15.3 mmHg, P<0.01). The maximum oxygen pulse was higher in the tests performed under beta-blockade (IET: ΔVO2/HR: 3.1±2.2 mL/beat, P<0.01; SST: ΔVO2/HR: 3.4±1.4 mL/beat, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Despite beta blockade and resulting differences in cardiopulmonary regulation during the exercise tests, the maximal oxygen capacity and the catecholamine concentration was similar. Higher exercise intensities (>50% Pmax) are associated with a marked increase in plasma catecholamines, which are not influenced by treatment with bisoprolol 5 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Fikenzer
- Cardiology Clinic and Polyclinic Hospital, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany -
| | - Kati Fikenzer
- Cardiology Clinic and Polyclinic Hospital, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Cardiology Clinic and Polyclinic Hospital, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto Falz
- Institute of Sport Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antina Schulze
- Institute of Sport Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Busse
- Institute of Sport Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Brunoni AR, Szlejf C, Suemoto CK, Santos IS, Goulart AC, Viana MC, Koyanagi A, Barreto SM, Moreno AB, Carvalho AF, Lange S, Griep RH, Lotufo PA, Benseñor IM. Association between ideal cardiovascular health and depression incidence: a longitudinal analysis of ELSA-Brasil. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 140:552-562. [PMID: 31587258 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated whether ideal cardiovascular health (ICH), a metric proposed by the American Heart Association, predicts depression development. METHODS Cohort analysis from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Adults with no current depression and other common mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and antidepressant drug use at baseline had their ICH (composite score of smoking, dietary habits, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting glucose, cholesterol, and physical activity) assessed and classified into poor, intermediate, and optimal. Depression was assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R). Poisson regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption, were employed. Stratified analyses were performed for age and sex. RESULTS We included 9214 participants (mean age 52 ± 9 years, 48.6% women). Overall depression incidence at 3.8-year follow-up was 1.5%. Intermediate and poor ICH significantly increased the risk rate (RR) of developing depression (2.48 [95%CI 1.06-5.78] and 3 [1.28-7.03], respectively) at a 3.8-year follow-up. Higher ICH scores decreased the rate of depression development (RR = 0.84 [0.73-0.96] per metric). Stratified analyses were significant for women and adults < 55 years old. CONCLUSIONS Poor cardiovascular health tripled depression risk at follow-up in otherwise healthy adults. Ameliorating cardiovascular health might decrease depression risk development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Brunoni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Szlejf
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C K Suemoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I S Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C Viana
- Center of Psychiatric Epidemiology (CEPEP), Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - A Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S M Barreto
- School of Medicine & Clinical Hospital, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A B Moreno
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Lange
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R H Griep
- Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P A Lotufo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I M Benseñor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kandola A, Ashdown-Franks G, Stubbs B, Osborn DPJ, Hayes JF. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and the incidence of common mental health disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:748-757. [PMID: 31398589 PMCID: PMC6997883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is associated with a lower incidence of common mental health disorder, but less is known about the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). METHODS In this review, we systematically evaluated the relationship between CRF and the incidence of common mental health disorders in prospective cohort studies. We systematically searched six major electronic databases from inception to 23rd of May 2019. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS We were able to pool the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of four studies including at least 27,733,154 person-years of data. We found that low CRF (HR = 1.47, [95% CI 1.23 - 1.76] p < 0.001 I2 = 85.1) and medium CRF (HR = 1.23, [95% CI 1.09 - 1.38] p < 0.001 I2 = 87.20) CRF are associated with a 47% and 23% greater risk of a common mental health disorders respectively, compared with high CRF. We found evidence to suggest a dose-response relationship between CRF and the risk of common mental health disorders. LIMITATIONS We were only able to identify a small number of eligible studies from our search and heterogeneity was substantial in the subsequent meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that there is a longitudinal association between CRF levels and the risk of a common mental health disorder. CRF levels could be useful for identifying and preventing common mental health disorders at a population-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kandola
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7BN, UK.
| | - G Ashdown-Franks
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK; Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, ON M5S, Canada
| | - B Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - D P J Osborn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7BN, UK
| | - J F Hayes
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7BN, UK
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28
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Physical Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8323-8335. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shigdel R, Stubbs B, Sui X, Ernstsen L. Cross-sectional and longitudinal association of non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness with depression and anxiety in the general population: The HUNT study. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:122-129. [PMID: 30981055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness may help to prevent depression and anxiety. A paucity of literature has considered the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and the incidence of depression and anxiety. The objective of this study was to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with depression and anxiety. METHODS This study included middle-aged and older participants from the second (HUNT 2, 1995-1997) and third (HUNT3, 2006-2008) survery of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). Baseline non-exercise estimated CRF (eCRF) was determined using standardized algorithms. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between eCRF and depression and anxiety. RESULTS In cross-sectional adjusted analysis including those who participated in HUNT2 (n = 26,615 mean age 55.7 years), those with medium and high level of eCRF had 21% (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71-0.89) and 26% (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66-0.83) lower odds of depression compared to those with low eCRF level, respectively. Longitudinal analysis including those who participated in both HUNT2 and HUNT3 (n = 14,020 mean age 52.2 years) found that medium and level of eCRF was associated with 22% (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64-0.96) and 19% (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.99) lower odds of depression compared to those with low eCRF level, respectively. CRF was not associated with anxiety, either cross-sectionally or longitudinally. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that a medium and high level of eCRF during late middle age is cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with lower odds of depression. However, our data do not support that eCRF is associated with anxiety. Further studies are warranted to conclude a causal relationship between eCRF and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Shigdel
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King`s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Linda Ernstsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Oliveira AJ, Neto GAM, Barros OD, Pedreiro R, Murillo-Rodriguez E, de Leon ACP, Machado S. Association between physical fitness and psychological distress among Brazilian armed force personnel. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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