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Garg S, Jana A, Khan J, Gupta S, Roy R, Gupta V, Ghosh S. Logic "AND Gate Circuit" Based Mussel Inspired Polydopamine Nanocomposite as Bioactive Antioxidant for Management of Oxidative Stress and Neurogenesis in Traumatic Brain Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36168-36193. [PMID: 38954488 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In the intricate landscape of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the management of TBI remains a challenging task due to the extremely complex pathophysiological conditions and excessive release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the injury site and the limited regenerative capacities of the central nervous system (CNS). Existing pharmaceutical interventions are limited in their ability to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and expeditiously target areas of brain inflammation. In response to these challenges herein, we designed novel mussel inspired polydopamine (PDA)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PDA-AMSNs) with excellent antioxidative ability to deliver a new potential therapeutic GSK-3β inhibitor lead small molecule abbreviated as Neuro Chemical Modulator (NCM) at the TBI site using a neuroprotective peptide hydrogel (PANAP). PDA-AMSNs loaded with NCM (i.e., PDA-AMSN-D) into the matrix of PANAP were injected into the damaged area in an in vivo cryogenic brain injury model (CBI). This approach is specifically built while keeping the logic AND gate circuit as the primary focus. Where NCM and PDA-AMSNs act as two input signals and neurological functional recovery as a single output. Therapeutically, PDA-AMSN-D significantly decreased infarct volume, enhanced neurogenesis, rejuvenated BBB senescence, and accelerated neurological function recovery in a CBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Garg
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Aniket Jana
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Juhee Khan
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanju Gupta
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Rajsekhar Roy
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
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2
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Rahu I, Kull M, Kruve A. Predicting the Activity of Unidentified Chemicals in Complementary Bioassays from the HRMS Data to Pinpoint Potential Endocrine Disruptors. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:3093-3104. [PMID: 38523265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The majority of chemicals detected via nontarget liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in environmental samples remain unidentified, challenging the capability of existing machine learning models to pinpoint potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). Here, we predict the activity of unidentified chemicals across 12 bioassays related to EDs within the Tox21 10K dataset. Single- and multi-output models, utilizing various machine learning algorithms and molecular fingerprint features as an input, were trained for this purpose. To evaluate the models under near real-world conditions, Monte Carlo sampling was implemented for the first time. This technique enables the use of probabilistic fingerprint features derived from the experimental HRMS data with SIRIUS+CSI:FingerID as an input for models trained on true binary fingerprint features. Depending on the bioassay, the lowest false-positive rate at 90% recall ranged from 0.251 (sr.mmp, mitochondrial membrane potential) to 0.824 (nr.ar, androgen receptor), which is consistent with the trends observed in the models' performances submitted for the Tox21 Data Challenge. These findings underscore the informativeness of fingerprint features that can be compiled from HRMS in predicting the endocrine-disrupting activity. Moreover, an in-depth SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis unveiled the models' ability to pinpoint structural patterns linked to the modes of action of active chemicals. Despite the superior performance of the single-output models compared to that of the multi-output models, the latter's potential cannot be disregarded for similar tasks in the field of in silico toxicology. This study presents a significant advancement in identifying potentially toxic chemicals within complex mixtures without unambiguous identification and effectively reducing the workload for postprocessing by up to 75% in nontarget HRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Rahu
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, Tartu 51009, Estonia
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Meelis Kull
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, Tartu 51009, Estonia
| | - Anneli Kruve
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 16, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
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3
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Dash S, Ueda T, Komuro A, Honda M, Sugisawa R, Okada H. Deoxycytidine kinase inactivation enhances gemcitabine resistance and sensitizes mitochondrial metabolism interference in pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:131. [PMID: 38346958 PMCID: PMC10861559 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered one of the most lethal forms of cancer. Although in the last decade, an increase in 5-year patient survival has been observed, the mortality rate remains high. As a first-line treatment for PDAC, gemcitabine alone or in combination (gemcitabine plus paclitaxel) has been used; however, drug resistance to this regimen is a growing issue. In our previous study, we reported MYC/glutamine dependency as a therapeutic target in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC secondary to deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) inactivation. Moreover, enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-associated genes was a common property shared by PDAC cell lines, and patient clinical samples coupled with low DCK expression was also demonstrated, which implicates DCK in cancer metabolism. In this article, we reveal that the expression of most genes encoding mitochondrial complexes is remarkably upregulated in PDAC patients with low DCK expression. The DCK-knockout (DCK KO) CFPAC-1 PDAC cell line model reiterated this observation. Particularly, OXPHOS was functionally enhanced in DCK KO cells as shown by a higher oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial ATP production. Electron microscopic observations revealed abnormal mitochondrial morphology in DCK KO cells. Furthermore, DCK inactivation exhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction accompanied with ROS-scavenging gene activation, such as SOD1 and SOD2. SOD2 inhibition in DCK KO cells clearly induced cell growth suppression. In combination with increased anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 expression in DCK KO cells, we finally reveal that venetoclax and a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor are therapeutically efficacious for DCK-inactivated CFPAC-1 cells in in vitro and xenograft models. Hence, our work provides insight into inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism as a novel therapeutic approach to overcome DCK inactivation-mediated gemcitabine resistance in PDAC patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Komuro
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiko Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sugisawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Anti-aging Center, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
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4
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Ouyang Y, Jeong MY, Cunningham CN, Berg JA, Toshniwal AG, Hughes CE, Seiler K, Van Vranken JG, Cluntun AA, Lam G, Winter JM, Akdogan E, Dove KK, Nowinski SM, West M, Odorizzi G, Gygi SP, Dunn CD, Winge DR, Rutter J. Phosphate starvation signaling increases mitochondrial membrane potential through respiration-independent mechanisms. eLife 2024; 13:e84282. [PMID: 38251707 PMCID: PMC10846858 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane potential directly powers many critical functions of mitochondria, including ATP production, mitochondrial protein import, and metabolite transport. Its loss is a cardinal feature of aging and mitochondrial diseases, and cells closely monitor membrane potential as an indicator of mitochondrial health. Given its central importance, it is logical that cells would modulate mitochondrial membrane potential in response to demand and environmental cues, but there has been little exploration of this question. We report that loss of the Sit4 protein phosphatase in yeast increases mitochondrial membrane potential, both by inducing the electron transport chain and the phosphate starvation response. Indeed, a similarly elevated mitochondrial membrane potential is also elicited simply by phosphate starvation or by abrogation of the Pho85-dependent phosphate sensing pathway. This enhanced membrane potential is primarily driven by an unexpected activity of the ADP/ATP carrier. We also demonstrate that this connection between phosphate limitation and enhancement of mitochondrial membrane potential is observed in primary and immortalized mammalian cells as well as in Drosophila. These data suggest that mitochondrial membrane potential is subject to environmental stimuli and intracellular signaling regulation and raise the possibility for therapeutic enhancement of mitochondrial function even in defective mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyun Ouyang
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Mi-Young Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Corey N Cunningham
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jordan A Berg
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Ashish G Toshniwal
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Casey E Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Kristina Seiler
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | | | - Ahmad A Cluntun
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Geanette Lam
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jacob M Winter
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Emel Akdogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç UniversityİstanbulTurkey
| | - Katja K Dove
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Sara M Nowinski
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Matthew West
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Greg Odorizzi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
| | - Cory D Dunn
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç UniversityİstanbulTurkey
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Dennis R Winge
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of Medicine, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
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5
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Chen CY, Chen YN, Shiau JP, Tang JY, Hou MF, Chang HW. Ginger-Derived 3HDT Exerts Antiproliferative Effects on Breast Cancer Cells by Apoptosis and DNA Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5741. [PMID: 36982818 PMCID: PMC10054677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger-derived compounds are abundant sources of anticancer natural products. However, the anticancer effects of (E)-3-hydroxy-1-(4'-hydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)-tetradecan-6-en-5-one (3HDT) have not been examined. This study aims to assess the antiproliferation ability of 3HDT on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. 3HDT showed dose-responsive antiproliferation for TNBC cells (HCC1937 and Hs578T). Moreover, 3HDT exerted higher antiproliferation and apoptosis on TNBC cells than on normal cells (H184B5F5/M10). By examining reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and glutathione, we found that 3HDT provided higher inductions for oxidative stress in TNBC cells compared with normal cells. Antiproliferation, oxidative stress, antioxidant signaling, and apoptosis were recovered by N-acetylcysteine, indicating that 3HDT preferentially induced oxidative-stress-mediated antiproliferation in TNBC cells but not in normal cells. Moreover, by examining γH2A histone family member X (γH2AX) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, we found that 3HDT provided higher inductions for DNA damage, which was also reverted by N-acetylcysteine. In conclusion, 3HDT is an effective anticancer drug with preferential antiproliferation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage effects on TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ning Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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6
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Zheng X, Zhao J, Wang S, Hu L. Research Progress of Antioxidant Nanomaterials for Acute Pancreatitis. Molecules 2022; 27:7238. [PMID: 36364064 PMCID: PMC9658789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a complex inflammatory disease caused by multiple etiologies, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. Oxidative stress is important for the regulation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory factors, and other processes, and plays a key role in the occurrence and development of AP. In recent years, antioxidant therapy that suppresses oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species has become a research highlight of AP. However, traditional antioxidant drugs have problems such as poor drug stability and low delivery efficiency, which limit their clinical translation and applications. Nanomaterials bring a brand-new opportunity for the antioxidant treatment of AP. This review focuses on the multiple advantages of nanomaterials, including small size, good stability, high permeability, and long retention effect, which can be used not only as effective carriers of traditional antioxidant drugs but also directly as antioxidants. In this review, after first discussing the association between oxidative stress and AP, we focused on summarizing the literature related to antioxidant nanomaterials for the treatment of AP and highlighting the effects of these nanomaterials on the indicators related to oxidative stress in pathological states, aiming to provide references for follow-up research and promote clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zheng
- Ningxia Medical University, Postgraduate Training Base in Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miao Pu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiulong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shige Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianghao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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7
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Ghosh S, Banerjee M, Haribabu B, Jala VR. Urolithin A attenuates arsenic-induced gut barrier dysfunction. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:987-1007. [PMID: 35122514 PMCID: PMC10867785 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals such as inorganic arsenic (iAs) significantly contribute to redox toxicity in the human body by enhancing oxidative stress. Imbalanced oxidative stress rapidly interferes with gut homeostasis and affects variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. It has been shown that gut microbiota are essential to protect against iAs3+-induced toxicity. However, the effect of microbial metabolites on iAs3+-induced toxicity and loss of gut barrier integrity has not been investigated. The objectives of the study are to investigate impact of iAs on gut barrier function and determine benefits of gut microbial metabolite, urolithin A (UroA) against iAs3+-induced adversaries on gut epithelium. We have utilized both colon epithelial cells and in a human intestinal 3D organoid model system to investigate iAs3+-induced cell toxicity, oxidative stress, and gut barrier dysfunction in the presence or absence of UroA. Here, we report that treatment with UroA attenuated iAs3+-induced cell toxicity, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in colon epithelial cells. Moreover, our data suggest that UroA significantly reduces iAs3+-induced gut barrier permeability and inflammatory markers in both colon epithelial cells and in a human intestinal 3D organoid model system. Mechanistically, UroA protected against iAs3+-induced disruption of tight junctional proteins in intestinal epithelial cells through blockade of oxidative stress and markers of inflammation. Taken together, our studies for the first time suggest that microbial metabolites such as UroA can potentially be used to protect against environmental hazards by reducing intestinal oxidative stress and by enhancing gut barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UofL Health-Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, 505 South Hancock Street # 323, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Mayukh Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bodduluri Haribabu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UofL Health-Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, 505 South Hancock Street # 323, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Venkatakrishna Rao Jala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UofL Health-Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, 505 South Hancock Street # 323, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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8
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Melhuish Beaupre LM, Brown GM, Braganza NA, Kennedy JL, Gonçalves VF. Mitochondria's role in sleep: Novel insights from sleep deprivation and restriction studies. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:1-13. [PMID: 33821750 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1907723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/METHODS The biology underlying sleep is not yet fully elucidated, but it is known to be complex and largely influenced by circadian rhythms. Compelling evidence supports of a link among circadian rhythms, sleep and metabolism, which suggests a role for mitochondria. These organelles play a significant role in energy metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and several mitochondrial enzymes display circadian oscillations. However, the interplay between mitochondria and sleep is not as well-known. This review summarises human and animal studies that have examined the role of mitochondria in sleep. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. RESULTS Using various models of sleep deprivation, animal studies support the involvement of mitochondria in sleep via differential gene and protein expression patterns, OXPHOS enzyme activity, and morphology changes. Human studies are more limited but also show differences in OXPHOS enzyme activity and protein levels among individuals who have undergone sleep deprivation or suffer from different forms of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Taken altogether, both types of study provide evidence for mitochondria's involvement in the sleep-wake cycle. We briefly discuss the potential clinical implications of these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Melhuish Beaupre
- Department of Molecular Brain Science Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory M Brown
- Department of Molecular Brain Science Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole A Braganza
- Department of Molecular Brain Science Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Department of Molecular Brain Science Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa F Gonçalves
- Department of Molecular Brain Science Research, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Choi W, Baik KY, Jeong S, Park S, Kim JE, Kim HB, Chung JH. Photobiomodulation as an antioxidant substitute in post-thawing trauma of human stem cells from the apical papilla. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17329. [PMID: 34462607 PMCID: PMC8405638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation, the most common method of preserving stem cells, requires post-processing because it produces trauma to the cells. Post-thawing trauma typically induces cell death, elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, and lowers mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Although this trauma has been solved using antioxidants, we attempted to use photobiomodulation (PBM) instead of chemical treatment. We used a 950-nm near-infrared LED to create a PBM device and chose a pulsed-wave mode of 30 Hz and a 30% duty cycle. Near-infrared radiation (NIR) at 950 nm was effective in reducing cell death caused by hydrogen peroxide induced-oxidative stress. Cryodamage also leads to apoptosis of cells, which can be avoided by irradiation at 950 nm NIR. Irradiation as post-processing for cryopreservation had an antioxidant effect that reduced both cellular and mitochondrial ROS. It also increased mitochondrial mass and activated mitochondrial activity, resulting in increased MMP, ATP generation, and increased cytochrome c oxidase activity. In addition, NIR increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, a biomarker of differentiation. As a result, we identified that 950 nm NIR PBM solves cryodamage in human stem cells from the apical papilla, indicating its potential as an alternative to antioxidants for treatment of post-thawing trauma, and further estimated its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woori Choi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ku Youn Baik
- Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jeong
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbae Park
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bae Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Aklima J, Onojima T, Kimura S, Umiuchi K, Shibata T, Kuraoka Y, Oie Y, Suganuma Y, Ohta Y. Effects of Matrix pH on Spontaneous Transient Depolarization and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Mitochondria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692776. [PMID: 34277637 PMCID: PMC8278022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidize surrounding molecules and thus impair their functions. Since mitochondria are a major source of ROS, suppression of ROS overproduction in the mitochondria is important for cells. Spontaneous transient depolarization of individual mitochondria is a physiological phenomenon widely observed from plants to mammals. Mitochondrial uncoupling can reduce ROS production; therefore, it is conceivable that transient depolarization could reduce ROS production. However, transient depolarization has been observed with increased ROS production. Therefore, the exact contribution of transient depolarization to ROS production has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined how the spontaneous transient depolarization occurring in individual mitochondria affected ROS production. When the matrix pH increased after the addition of malate or exposure of the isolated mitochondria to a high-pH buffer, transient depolarization was stimulated. Similar stimulation by an increased matrix pH was also observed in the mitochondria in intact H9c2 cells. Modifying the mitochondrial membrane potential and matrix pH by adding K+ in the presence of valinomycin, a K+ ionophore, clarified that an increase in the matrix pH is a major cause of ROS generation. When we added ADP in the presence of oligomycin to suppress the transient depolarization without decreasing the matrix pH, we observed the suppression of mitochondrial respiration, increased matrix pH, and enhanced ROS production. Based on these results, we propose a model where spontaneous transient depolarization occurs during increased proton influx through proton channels opened by increased matrix pH, leading to the suppression of ROS production. This study improves our understanding of mitochondrial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Aklima
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Takumi Onojima
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Sawako Kimura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Kanji Umiuchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yusho Kuraoka
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Oie
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Suganuma
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
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11
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Hosseinzadeh MH, Shamshirian A, Ebrahimzadeh MA. Dexamethasone vs COVID-19: An experimental study in line with the preliminary findings of a large trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13943. [PMID: 33332726 PMCID: PMC7883081 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preliminary report of the RECOVERY large randomised controlled trial indicated a promising survival effect for dexamethasone therapy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate the anti-hypoxic activities of dexamethasone to understand a possible mechanism of its action in hypoxia-induced lethality through experimental models of hypoxia. METHODS In this investigation, 84 Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into groups of seven (12 groups). Treatment groups received 10 days of dexamethasone intraperitoneal injection at both human dose (~0.1 mg/kg) and the animal does (~1 mg/kg). Control negative and positive groups were treated with 10 ml/kg of normal saline and 30 mg/kg of propranolol, respectively. Three experimental models of hypoxia, asphyctic, circulatory, and hemic were applied in this study. RESULTS The findings showed that dexamethasone significantly prolonged the latency for death in the asphyctic model concerning the control group in both humans (P < .0001) and animal dose (P < .0001). The results were also highly significant for both doses in the hemic model (P < .001). In the circulatory model, although a small increase was observed in death prolongation, results were not statistically significant for both doses in this model (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS This experimental in vivo investigation demonstrated an excellent protective effect for 10 days of dexamethasone treatment against hypoxia, especially in asphyctic and hemic models. In addition to promising dexamethasone outcomes, using propranolol as the positive control illustrated a very substantial anti-hypoxic effect even much better than dexamethasone in all models. It seems that propranolol would be a safe, potential, and prudent choice to invest in treating COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Shamshirian
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research CenterNon‐Communicable Diseases InstituteMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterDepartment of Medicinal ChemistrySchool of PharmacyMazandaran University of Medical ScienceSariIran
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12
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Small molecule inhibitors of the mitochondrial ClpXP protease possess cytostatic potential and re-sensitize chemo-resistant cancers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11185. [PMID: 34045646 PMCID: PMC8160014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90801-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human mitochondrial ClpXP protease complex (HsClpXP) has recently attracted major attention as a target for novel anti-cancer therapies. Despite its important role in disease progression, the cellular role of HsClpXP is poorly characterized and only few small molecule inhibitors have been reported. Herein, we screened previously established S. aureus ClpXP inhibitors against the related human protease complex and identified potent small molecules against human ClpXP. The hit compounds showed anti-cancer activity in a panoply of leukemia, liver and breast cancer cell lines. We found that the bacterial ClpXP inhibitor 334 impairs the electron transport chain (ETC), enhances the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and thereby promotes protein carbonylation, aberrant proteostasis and apoptosis. In addition, 334 induces cell death in re-isolated patient-derived xenograft (PDX) leukemia cells, potentiates the effect of DNA-damaging cytostatics and re-sensitizes resistant cancers to chemotherapy in non-apoptotic doses.
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13
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Guo D, Sun J, Tian M, Lin W. Fabrication of a fluorescent probe for reversibly monitoring mitochondrial membrane potential in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1715-1719. [PMID: 33861238 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles in cells, which play an important role in metabolism and many other vital biological events. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is a significant biological parameter participating in various procedures. However, fluorescent probes for monitoring MMP are rarely reported, which greatly limited the related studies. Herein, we present the rational design, synthesis, and living cell imaging studies of a fluorescent probe REP for monitoring MMP changes based on organic cationic fluorophores. In live cells with high MMP levels, REP can exclusively light up mitochondria with intense fluorescence. Upon the loss of MMP, the emission of intracellular REP evidently decreased. The reversible changes in MMP have been successfully monitored by REP, and the oxidative damages to live cells have been detected with the probe. The probe is expected to serve as a desired tool in studying MMP and related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Guo
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China.
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14
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Zhang Z, Rahmat JN, Mahendran R, Zhang Y. Controllable Assembly of Upconversion Nanoparticles Enhanced Tumor Cell Penetration and Killing Efficiency. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001831. [PMID: 33344124 PMCID: PMC7739948 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for treating deep-seated cancers and large tumors has recently been gaining momentum. Conventional approaches for loading photosensitizers (PS) to UCNPs using noncovalent physical adsorption and covalent conjugation had been previously described. However, these methods are time-consuming and require extra modification steps. Incorporating PS loading during the controlled UCNPs assembly process is seldom reported. In this study, an amphiphilic copolymer, poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), is used to instruct UCNPs assembly formations into well-controlled UCNPs clusters of various sizes, and the gap zones formed between individual UCNPs can be used to encapsulate PS. This nanostructure production process results in a considerably simpler and reliable method to load PS and other compounds. Also, after considering factors such as PS loading quantity, penetration in 3D bladder tumor organoids, and singlet oxygen production, the small UCNPs clusters displayed superior cell killing efficacy compared to single and big sized clusters. Therefore, these UCNPs clusters with different sizes could facilitate a clear and deep understanding of nanoparticle-based delivery platform systems for cell killing and may pave a new way for other fields of UCNPs based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore
| | - Juwita Norasmara Rahmat
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore
| | - Ratha Mahendran
- Department of SurgeryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore119228Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117456Singapore
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15
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Karthikkeyan G, Najar MA, Pervaje R, Pervaje SK, Modi PK, Prasad TSK. Identification of Molecular Network Associated with Neuroprotective Effects of Yashtimadhu ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by Quantitative Proteomics of Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease Model. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26611-26625. [PMID: 33110989 PMCID: PMC7581237 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, whose treatment with modern therapeutics leads to a plethora of side effects with prolonged usage. Therefore, the management of PD with complementary and alternative medicine is often pursued. In the Ayurveda system of alternative medicine, Yashtimadhu choorna, a Medhya Rasayana (nootropic), prepared from the dried roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (licorice), is prescribed for the management of PD with a favorable outcome. We pursued to understand the neuroprotective effects of Yashtimadhu choorna against a rotenone-induced cellular model of PD using differentiated IMR-32 cells. Cotreatment with Yashtimadhu choorna extract rescued rotenone-induced apoptosis and hyperphosphorylation of ERK-1/2. Quantitative proteomic analysis of six peptide fractions from independent biological replicates acquired 1,561,169 mass spectra, which when searched resulted in 565,008 peptide-spectrum matches mapping to 30,554 unique peptides that belonged to 4864 human proteins. Proteins commonly identified in biological replicates and >4 PSMs were considered for further analysis, leading to a refined set of 3720 proteins. Rotenone treatment differentially altered 144 proteins (fold ≥1.25 or ≤0.8), involved in mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticulum, and autophagy functions. Cotreatment with Yashtimadhu choorna extract rescued 84 proteins from the effect of rotenone and an additional regulation of 4 proteins. Network analysis highlighted the interaction of proteins and pathways regulated by them, which can be targeted for neuroprotection. Validation of proteomics data highlighted that Yashtimadhu confers neuroprotection by preventing mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis. This discovery will pave the way for understanding the molecular action of Ayurveda drugs and developing novel therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathree Karthikkeyan
- Center
for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Mohd. Altaf Najar
- Center
for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | | | | | - Prashant Kumar Modi
- Center
for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
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16
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Liu Y, Liu H, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhang C, Wang C, Yan Y, Fan J, Xu G, Zhang Q. Amplification of oxidative stress via intracellular ROS production and antioxidant consumption by two natural drug-encapsulated nanoagents for efficient anticancer therapy. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3872-3881. [PMID: 36132787 PMCID: PMC9419310 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00301h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are commonly characterized by high cellular oxidative stress and thus have poor tolerance to oxidative insults. In this study, we developed a nano-formulation to elevate the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells via promoting ROS production as well as weakening cellular anti-oxidizing systems. The nanoagent was fabricated by encapsulating two natural product molecules, cinnamaldehyde (CA) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS), in PLGA-PEG copolymer formulated nanoparticles. CA promotes ROS generation in cancer cells and DATS depletes cellular glutathione. CA and DATS exhibited a synergistic effect in amplifying the ROS levels in cancer cells and further in their combined killing of cancer cells. The in vivo experiments revealed that the CA and DATS-encapsulated nanoagent suppressed tumors more efficiently as compared with the single drug-loaded ones, and the tumor-targeted delivery further enhanced the therapeutic efficacy. This study suggests that the combined enhancement of oxidative stress by CA and DATS could be a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Haibin Liu
- ENT&Head Neck Surgery Department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200081 P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Changping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Yang Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Jingpin Fan
- ENT&Head Neck Surgery Department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200081 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
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17
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A Synthetic Pan-Aurora Kinase Inhibitor, 5-Methoxy-2-(2-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one, Triggers Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/3025281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases are Ser/Thr kinases that function as mitotic regulators. 5-Methoxy-2-(2-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one (DK1913) is a synthetic pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor. However, the mode of action of DK1913 concerning the induction of apoptosis is unclear. Here, we report that DK1913 triggered apoptosis, as revealed by flow cytometry and Annexin V staining. DK1913 enhanced the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and genotoxic stress responses. We also found that DK1913 induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the activation of caspase-9, caspase-7, and caspase-3. In addition, the antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), abrogated DK1913-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of the caspase cascade. These findings demonstrate that pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor DK1913 triggers apoptosis through ROS-mediated ER and genotoxic stress responses.
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18
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The Cytotoxic Effect of Newly Synthesized Ferrocenes against Cervical Carcinoma Cells Alone and in Combination with Radiotherapy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10113728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, with approximately 500,000 new cases and 250,000 deaths every year. Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy represents the treatment of choice for advanced cervical carcinomas. The role of the chemotherapy is to increase the sensitivity of the cancer cells to irradiation. Cisplatin, the most commonly used drug for this purpose, has its limitations. Thus, we used a family of ferrocene derivatives (in addition, one new species was prepared using standard Schlenk techniques) and studied their effects on cervical cancer cells alone and in combination with irradiation. We applied colorimetric assay to determine the cytotoxicity of the compounds; flow cytometry to analyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); immunochemistry to study protein expression; and colony forming assay to evaluate changes in radiosensitivity. Treatment with ferrocenes exhibited significant cytotoxicity against cervical cancer cells, associated with increasing ROS production and MMP changes, suggesting the induction of apoptosis. The combined activity of ferrocenes and ionizing radiation highlighted ferrocenes as potential radiosensitizing drugs, while their higher single-agent toxicity in comparison with routinely used cisplatin could also be promising. Our results demonstrate antitumor activity of several tested ferrocenes both alone and in combination with radiotherapy.
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19
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Singh J, Barrett J, Sangaletti R, Dietrich WD, Rajguru SM. Additive Protective Effects of Delayed Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia and Antioxidants on PC12 Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2020; 11:77-87. [PMID: 32302519 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2019.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild therapeutic hypothermia is protective against several cellular stresses, but the mechanisms underlying this protection are not completely resolved. In the present study, we used an in vitro model to investigate whether therapeutic hypothermia at 33°C applied following a peroxide-induced oxidative stress would protect PC12 cells. A 1-hour exposure to tert-butyl peroxide increased cell death measured 24 hours later. This cell death was dose-dependent in the range of 100-1000 μM tert-butyl peroxide with ∼50% cell death observed at 24 hours from 500 μM peroxide exposure. Cell survival/death was measured with an alamarBlue viability assay, and propidium iodide/Hoechst imaging for counts of living and dead cells. Therapeutic hypothermia at 33°C applied for 2 hours postperoxide exposure significantly increased cell survival measured 24 hours postperoxide-induced stress. This protection was present even when delayed hypothermia, 15 minutes after the peroxide washout, was applied. Addition of any of the three FDA-approved antioxidants (Tempol, EUK134, Edaravone at 100 μM) in combination with hypothermia improved cell survival. With the therapeutic hypothermia treatment, a significant downregulation of caspases-3 and -8 and tumor necrosis factor-α was observed at 3 and 24 hours poststress. Consistent with this, a cell-permeable pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK applied in combination with hypothermia significantly increased cell survival. Overall, these results suggest that the antioxidants quenching of reactive oxygen species likely works with hypothermia to reduce mitochondrial damage and/or apoptotic mechanisms. Further studies are required to confirm and extend these results to other cell types, including neuronal cells, and other forms of oxidative stress as well as to optimize the critical parameters of hypothermia treatment such as target temperature and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanti Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - John Barrett
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Suhrud M Rajguru
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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20
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Gonzalez A, Estaras M, Martinez-Morcillo S, Martinez R, García A, Estévez M, Santofimia-Castaño P, Tapia JA, Moreno N, Pérez-López M, Míguez MP, Blanco-Fernández G, Lopez-Guerra D, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Mateos JM, Vara D, Roncero V, Salido GM. Melatonin modulates red-ox state and decreases viability of rat pancreatic stellate cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6352. [PMID: 32286500 PMCID: PMC7156707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we have studied the effects of pharmacological concentrations of melatonin (1 µM-1 mM) on pancreatic stellate cells (PSC). Cell viability was analyzed by AlamarBlue test. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored following CM-H2DCFDA and MitoSOX Red-derived fluorescence. Total protein carbonyls and lipid peroxidation were analyzed by HPLC and spectrophotometric methods respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ψm) was monitored by TMRM-derived fluorescence. Reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) levels of glutathione were determined by fluorescence techniques. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect the expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant enzymes. Determination of SOD activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were carried out by colorimetric methods, whereas expression of SOD was analyzed by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. The results show that melatonin decreased PSC viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Melatonin evoked a concentration-dependent increase in ROS production in the mitochondria and in the cytosol. Oxidation of proteins was detected in the presence of melatonin, whereas lipids oxidation was not observed. Depolarization of ψm was noted with 1 mM melatonin. A decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio was observed, that depended on the concentration of melatonin used. A concentration-dependent increase in the expression of the antioxidant enzymes catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalase, NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase-1 was detected in cells incubated with melatonin. Finally, decreases in the expression and in the activity of superoxide dismutase were observed. We conclude that pharmacological concentrations melatonin modify the redox state of PSC, which might decrease cellular viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain.
| | - Matias Estaras
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | | | - Remigio Martinez
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Alfredo García
- Department of Animal Production, CICYTEX-La Orden, Guadajira, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Mario Estévez
- IPROCAR Research Institute, Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jose A Tapia
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Noelia Moreno
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Marcos Pérez-López
- Unit of Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - María P Míguez
- Unit of Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gerardo Blanco-Fernández
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Infanta Cristina Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Diego Lopez-Guerra
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Infanta Cristina Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Mateos
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, Caceres, Spain
| | - Daniel Vara
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, Caceres, Spain
| | - Vicente Roncero
- Unit of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gines M Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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21
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Tat-Biliverdin Reductase A Exerts a Protective Role in Oxidative Stress-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Damage by Regulating the Apoptosis and MAPK Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082672. [PMID: 32290442 PMCID: PMC7215548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is major risk factor in neuronal diseases including ischemia. Although biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA) plays a pivotal role in cell survival via its antioxidant function, its role in hippocampal neuronal (HT-22) cells and animal ischemic injury is not clearly understood yet. In this study, the effects of transducible fusion protein Tat-BLVRA on H2O2-induced HT-22 cell death and in an animal ischemia model were investigated. Transduced Tat-BLVRA markedly inhibited cell death, DNA fragmentation, and generation of ROS. Transduced Tat-BLVRA inhibited the apoptosis and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and it passed through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and significantly prevented hippocampal cell death in an ischemic model. These results suggest that Tat-BLVRA provides a possibility as a therapeutic molecule for ischemia.
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22
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Margabandhu G, Vanisree AJ. Dopamine, a key factor of mitochondrial damage and neuronal toxicity on rotenone exposure and also parkinsonic motor dysfunction-Impact of asiaticoside with a probable vesicular involvement. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 106:101788. [PMID: 32278634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Persuasive evidence propose that the toxicity of dopamine in parkinsonism and the loss of dopaminergic neurons are the earliest events during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In our earlier study, Asiaticoside (AS), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Centella asiatica was shown to exert a neuroprotective effect against hemiparkinsonism, purportedly due to phosphoinositides (PI)-assisted cytodynamics and synaptic function. Here, we evaluate AS in the modulation of dopamine (DA), mitochondrial integrity and neurite variations in vitro and motor dysfunctions in vivo. PC12 cells challenged with rotenone-(ROT) (0.1 μM/mL) were exposed to AS and l-DOPA (10 mM and 20 μM/mL respectively). The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 that regulate cell death were assessed following neurite length assays. Rats were distributed into 6 groups (6 rats/group): Sham, Vehicle controls, ROT-infused (6 μg/μl/kg), AS- treated (50 mg/kg/day), Drug control, and ROT + L-DOPA-treated (6 mg/kg/day) groups. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed after performing motor behavioral analysis, and the striatum was dissected out. The contents of synaptic vesicular and cytosolic DA were analyzed. Further, the levels of striatal PI were also measured. ROT had caused significant reduction in the neurite outgrowth in the exposed PC12 cells while the tested concentrations of AS and l-DOPA can exert their protective effect on the stunted neurite growth. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and cytochrome c which were significantly disturbed by ROT, could also be affected by AS thereby suggesting its effect on neurons. AS treatment caused an improved motor performance, vesicular and cytosolic DA, and striatal PI. These pre-clinical findings force us to speculate that AS could be a potential drug candidate in combating ROT-induced variations that are possibly precipitated by varied vesicular trafficking of DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Margabandhu
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Arambakkam Janardhanam Vanisree
- Unit of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India.
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23
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Kang T, Qu Q, Xie Z, Cao B. NDRG4 Alleviates Aβ1–40 Induction of SH-SY5Y Cell Injury via Activation of BDNF-Inducing Signalling Pathways. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1492-1499. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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He P, Lei J, Miao JN, Wu D, Wang C. Cordyceps sinensis attenuates HBx‑induced cell apoptosis in HK‑2 cells through suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1261-1269. [PMID: 32124952 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors' previous studies demonstrated that the major renal damage from hepatitis B virus infection is HBx‑induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. Cordyceps sinensis is one of the most valuable of traditional Chinese medicines and is extensively used to treat chronic renal diseases. However, there is no research on the potential renal protective effect of C. sinensis on HBx‑induced apoptosis of renal tubular cells. The protective effect and underlying mechanism of C. sinensis were examined using a renal tubular epithelial cell line stably overexpressing HBx. HK‑2 cells were stably transfected with pCMV‑HBx to establish HBx‑overexpression in an in vitro cell model and HK‑2 cells transfected with an empty vector were generated as a control. The effect of C. sinensis on cell proliferation and apoptosis, the phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and the enzyme activity of caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 was measured. The present study demonstrated that HBx transfection inhibited cell proliferation; increased apoptosis, caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 activity; and increased the activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Treatment with C. sinensis attenuated all of these HBx‑induced responses. HBx triggered apoptosis and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HK‑2 cells. C. sinensis treatment significantly attenuated the effect of HBx, at least in part by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ning Miao
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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25
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Zhang L, Wu T, Olatunji OJ, Tang J, Wei Y, Ouyang Z. N 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine from Cordyceps cicadae attenuates hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative toxicity in PC12 cells. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1325-1334. [PMID: 31197679 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA), is one of the active molecule found in Cordyceps cicadae. The protective effect of HEA against H2O2 induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and the mechanism of action was investigated. The cells were exposed to varying concentrations of HEA (5-40 μM) for a period of 24 h and further incubated with 100 μM of H2O2 for an another 12 h. Cell viability, LDH release, MMP collapse, Ca2+ overload, antioxidant parameters (reactive oxygen species generation (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), inflammatory mediators (interleukins 6 and 1β (IL-6 and IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and NF-kB were evaluated. The results obtained showed that cells exposed to H2O2 toxicity showed reduced cell viability, increased LDH, ROS and Ca2+ overload. However, prior treatment of PC12 cells with HEA increased cell viability, reduced LDH release, MMP collapse, Ca2+ overload and ROS generation induced by H2O2 toxicity. Furthermore, HEA also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and inhibited lipid peroxidation as well as reduced IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and NF-kB. Thus, our results provided insight into the attenuative effect of HEA against H2O2 induced cell death through its antioxidant action by reducing ROS generation, oxidative stress and protecting mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leguo Zhang
- Department of Internal Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi City, 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Jian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, Zhenjiang, 202013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, Zhenjiang, 202013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, Zhenjiang, 202013, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Abdoli A, Nakhaie M, Feizi N, Salimi Jeda A, Ramezani A. Harmonized Autophagy Versus Full-Fledged Hepatitis B Virus: Victorious or Defeated. Viral Immunol 2019; 32:322-334. [PMID: 31483214 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a finely tuned process in the regulation of innate immunity to avoid excessive inflammatory responses and inflammasome signaling. In contrast, the results of recent studies have shown that autophagy may disease-dependently contribute to the pathogenesis of liver diseases, such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HBV has learned to subvert the cell's autophagic machinery to promote its replication. Given the great impact of the autophagy mechanism on the HBV infection and HCC, recognizing these factors may be offered new hope for human intervention and treatment of chronic HBV. This review focuses on recent findings viewing the dual role of autophagy plays in the pathogenesis of HBV infected hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nakhaie
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Neda Feizi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Ali Salimi Jeda
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Meynaghizadeh-Zargar R, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mohaddes G, Salehpour F, Rasta SH. Effects of transcranial photobiomodulation and methylene blue on biochemical and behavioral profiles in mice stress model. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:573-584. [PMID: 31372913 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02851-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) and methylene Blue (MB) in treating learning and memory impairments is previously reported. In this study, we investigated the effect of tPBM and MB in combination or alone on unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS)-induced learning and memory impairments in mice. Fifty-five male BALB/c mice were randomly allocated to five groups: control, laser sham + normal saline (NS), tPBM + NS, laser sham + MB, and tPBM + MB. All groups except the control underwent UCMS and were treated simultaneously for 4 weeks. Elevated plus maze (EPM) was used to evaluate anxiety-like behaviors. Novel object recognition (NOR) test and Barnes maze tests were used to evaluate learning and memory function. The serum cortisol and brain nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Behavioral tests revealed that UCMS impaired learning and memory, and treatment with PBM, MB, and their combination reversed these impairments. Levels of NO, ROS, SOD activity in brain, and serum cortisol levels significantly increased while brain GPx activity and total antioxidant capacity significantly decreased in the sham + NS animals when compared with the controls. A significant improvement was observed in treatment groups due to reversion of the aforementioned molecular analysis caused by UCMS when it was compared with control levels. Both tPBM and MB in combination or alone have significant therapeutic effects on learning and memory impairments in UCMS-received animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Meynaghizadeh-Zargar
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran.,Department of Medical Physics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran
| | - Farzad Salehpour
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Rasta
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran. .,Department of Medical Physics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran. .,Department of Medical Bioengineering, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666, Iran. .,School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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28
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Fürstenau CR, de Souza ICC, de Oliveira MR. Tanshinone I Induces Mitochondrial Protection by a Mechanism Involving the Nrf2/GSH Axis in the Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Methylglyoxal. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:491-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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29
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Lange C, Lehmann C, Mahler M, Bednarski PJ. Comparison of Cellular Death Pathways after mTHPC-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in Five Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050702. [PMID: 31117328 PMCID: PMC6587334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising photosensitizers (PS) used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) is the porphyrin derivative 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC, temoporfin), marketed in Europe under the trade name Foscan®. A set of five human cancer cell lines from head and neck and other PDT-relevant tissues was used to investigate oxidative stress and underlying cell death mechanisms of mTHPC-mediated PDT in vitro. Cells were treated with mTHPC in equitoxic concentrations and illuminated with light doses of 1.8-7.0 J/cm2 and harvested immediately, 6, 24, or 48 h post illumination for analyses. Our results confirm the induction of oxidative stress after mTHPC-based PDT by detecting a total loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and increased formation of ROS. However, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and loss of cell membrane integrity play only a minor role in cell death in most cell lines. Based on our results, apoptosis is the predominant death mechanism following mTHPC-mediated PDT. Autophagy can occur in parallel to apoptosis or the former can be dominant first, yet ultimately leading to autophagy-associated apoptosis. The death of the cells is in some cases accompanied by DNA fragmentation and a G2/M phase arrest. In general, the overall phototoxic effects and the concentrations as well as the time to establish these effects varies between cell lines, suggesting that the cancer cells are not all dying by one defined mechanism, but rather succumb to an individual interplay of different cell death mechanisms. Besides the evaluation of the underlying cell death mechanisms, we focused on the comparison of results in a set of five identically treated cell lines in this study. Although cells were treated under equitoxic conditions and PDT acts via a rather unspecific ROS formation, very heterogeneous results were obtained with different cell lines. This study shows that general conclusions after PDT in vitro require testing on several cell lines to be reliable, which has too often been ignored in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lange
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Christiane Lehmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Martin Mahler
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Patrick J Bednarski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
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30
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Kim YS, Kim EK, Dong X, Park JS, Shin WB, Kim SJ, Go EA, Park PJ, Lim BO. Lindera glauca (Siebold et Zucc.) Blume Stem Extracts Protect Against tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Oxidative Stress. J Med Food 2019; 22:508-520. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yon-Suk Kim
- BKplus Glocal Education Program of Nutraceuticals Development, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bio Science and Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Su Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Woen-Bin Shin
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Go
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Pyo-Jam Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Beong-Ou Lim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
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31
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Yeo HJ, Shin MJ, Yeo EJ, Choi YJ, Kim DW, Kim DS, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-CIAPIN1 inhibits hippocampal neuronal cell damage through the MAPK and apoptotic signaling pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:68-78. [PMID: 30818058 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) protein is widely expressed in the brain and it is known that this protein is involved in cell survival including dopaminergic neuronal cells. Oxidative stress is known as one of the major causes of degenerative diseases including ischemia. In this study, we investigated the effect of CIAPIN1 protein on hippocampal neuronal (HT-22) cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and in an animal model of ischemia using Tat-CIAPIN1 fusion protein which can transduce into cells. Tat-CIAPIN1 protein transduced into HT-22 cells and significantly inhibited cell death, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Also, Tat-CIAPIN1 protein enhances cell survival via the regulation of Akt, MAPK, NF-κB and apoptotic signaling pathways in the H2O2 treated cells. In an ischemic animal model, Tat-CIAPIN1 protein transduced into the brain and protected neuronal cell death of hippocampal CA1 region induced by ischemic insult. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Tat-CIAPIN1 protein has protective effects against hippocampal neuronal cell damage induced by ischemic injury, suggesting that Tat-CIAPIN1 protein may provide a potential therapeutic agent for ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31538, South Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea.
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea.
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32
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Barroso WA, Abreu IC, Ribeiro LS, da Rocha CQ, de Souza HP, de Lima TM. Chemical composition and cytotoxic screening of Musa cavendish green peels extract: Antiproliferative activity by activation of different cellular death types. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 59:179-186. [PMID: 31018149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Musa cavendish, commonly known as banana, is a fruit with nutritional and therapeutic properties. We investigated the chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic effect of M. cavendish green peel extract (MHE) on cancer cells for the first time. The compounds characterization was performed by HPLC-UV/Vis and FIA-ESI-IT-MSn. We investigated in vitro cytotoxic effect of Musa cavendish green peels extract (MHE) in HepG2, A-375, MCF-7 and Caco-2 cancer cells. We evaluated the effect of MHE on proliferation of different cell lines through apoptosis, necrosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content determination. We identified 12 compounds from different classes in the extract, including derivatives of phenolic acids, aglycone flavonoids, glycoside flavonoids and catecholamines. Our results indicate that MHE exerts, after 48 h treatment, an accentuated antiproliferative effect from the dose of 100 μg/mL in all cell lines tested. In HepG2 cells, these effects were related to the induction of cell death, both necrotic and apoptotic, and remarkable changes in cell morphology. Depolarization of MMP and high ROS content were also observed in the cells in a dose-dependent manner. Our results show that MHE may be used as a source of new drugs with anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wermerson Assunção Barroso
- Emergency Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Iracelle Carvalho Abreu
- Physiological Sciences Department, Laboratory of Research and Post-graduation in Pharmacology (LPPF), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís - Maranhão. University City, Bacanga Campus, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, Maranhão CEP 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Larissa Sousa Ribeiro
- Physiological Sciences Department, Laboratory of Research and Post-graduation in Pharmacology (LPPF), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís - Maranhão. University City, Bacanga Campus, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, Maranhão CEP 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedications (LEAF), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís - Maranhão. University City, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Bacanga Campus, Av. Dos Portugueses, 1966, Vsila Bacanga, Maranhão CEP 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Heraldo Possolo de Souza
- Emergency Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Thais Martins de Lima
- Emergency Medicine Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-903, Brazil
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33
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Madonna MC, Fox DB, Crouch BT, Lee J, Zhu C, Martinez AF, Alvarez JV, Ramanujam N. Optical Imaging of Glucose Uptake and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential to Characterize Her2 Breast Tumor Metabolic Phenotypes. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1545-1555. [PMID: 30902832 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the large number of women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer each year, the importance of studying recurrence has become evident due to most deaths from breast cancer resulting from tumor recurrence following therapy. To mitigate this, cellular and molecular pathways used by residual disease prior to recurrence must be studied. An altered metabolism has long been considered a hallmark of cancer, and several recent studies have gone further to report metabolic dysfunction and alterations as key to understanding the underlying behavior of dormant and recurrent cancer cells. Our group has used two probes, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diaxol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) and tetramethyl rhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), to image glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively, to report changes in metabolism between primary tumors, regression, residual disease, and after regrowth in genetically engineered mouse (GEM)-derived mammospheres. Imaging revealed unique metabolic phenotypes across the stages of tumor development. Although primary mammospheres overexpressing Her2 maintained increased glucose uptake ("Warburg effect"), after Her2 downregulation, during regression and residual disease, mammospheres appeared to switch to oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, in mammospheres where Her2 overexpression was turned back on to model recurrence, glucose uptake was lowest, indicating a potential change in substrate preference following the reactivation of Her2, reeliciting growth. Our findings highlight the importance of imaging metabolic adaptions to gain insight into the fundamental behaviors of residual and recurrent disease. IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates these functional fluorescent probes' ability to report metabolic adaptations during primary tumor growth, regression, residual disease, and regrowth in Her2 breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Madonna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Douglas B Fox
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brian T Crouch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jihong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Caigang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy F Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - James V Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nirmala Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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34
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Qin QJ, Cui LQ, Li P, Wang YB, Zhang XZ, Guo ML. Rhynchophylline ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through the modulation of mitochondrial mechanisms to mediate myocardial apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2581-2590. [PMID: 30720139 PMCID: PMC6423601 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhynchophylline (RP), the primary active ingredient of Uncaria rhynchophylla, has an anti-hypertensive effect and protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage. The present study aimed to examine the roles and mechanisms of RP in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury of rat cardiomyocytes. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell apoptosis were examined by a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. An ELISA was performed to assess the expression of oxidative stress markers. Spectrophotometry was used to detect the degree of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) openness. Western blotting and reverse transcription- quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to evaluate the associated protein and mRNA expression, respectively. The present results demonstrated that RP increased the cell viability of MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes, and suppressed the MI/R-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Additionally, RP modulated the Ca2+ and MMP levels in MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, RP decreased the oxidative stress and mPTP level of MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes. It was additionally observed that RP affected the apoptosis-associated protein expression and regulated the mitochondrial-associated gene expression in MI/R-induced cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, RP ameliorated MI/R injury through the modulation of mitochondrial mechanisms. The potential effects of RP on the protection of MI/R-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes suggest that RP may be an effective target for MI/R therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Ji Qin
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiang Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengyang People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Bin Wang
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Zhi Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Lei Guo
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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35
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Chatterjee R, Law S. Genomic insult oriented mitochondrial instability and proliferative hindrance in the bone marrow of aplastic mice including stem/progenitor population. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:784-793. [PMID: 30683472 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aplastic anemia is the bone marrow failure condition characterized by the development of hypocellularity in both marrow and peripheral blood compartments. Anti-tumor chemotherapeutic agents often exert secondary effect on hematopoietic system leading to aplastic anemia by marrow failure. The precise mechanisms behind the marrow ablative effects of the drugs remain yet to be established. The present study holds a mechanistic approach to unveil the mystery. Aplastic anemia was generated in mice with the administration of busulfan and cyclophosphamide followed by the characterization of the disease with peripheral blood hemogram, histopathological and cytochemical examinations of bone marrow. To gain deep knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of the hematopoietic disruption, cytotoxicity assay, DNA damage measurement, apoptosis study, replicative senescence analysis, redox balance study, mitochondrial membrane potential change assessment, flowcytometric expressional analysis of p21, p53, ATM, Chk-2, Necdin, Gfi-1, c-myc, KU-80 and Sod-2 were done with marrow hematopoietic stem/ progenitor cells (HSPCs). Severe blood pancytopenia and marrow hypocellularity was found in aplastic mice. Proliferative hindrance and apoptosis of marrow cells were identified as the cause behind the hematopoietic catastrophe. The genotoxic effects of the drugs triggered chromatin damage and induced replicative senescence in aplastic HSPCs by upregulating p21 in a p53 independent manner. Moreover, accumulation of genomic insults also caused apoptotic elimination of marrow cells due to disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential by generating redox imbalance. The study established the underlying mechanisms behind hematopoietic disruption during drug induced marrow aplasia. Outcome of the study may be helpful in successful designing of therapeutic strategies for the disease concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritam Chatterjee
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R Avenue, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujata Law
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R Avenue, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Chakrabarti L, Mathew A, Li L, Han S, Klover J, Albanetti T, Hawley-Nelson P. Mitochondrial membrane potential identifies cells with high recombinant protein productivity. J Immunol Methods 2019; 464:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sundaram R L, Sali VK, Vasanthi HR. Protective effect of rutin isolated from Spermococe hispida against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic injury in H9c2 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:196-204. [PMID: 30466617 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and its related deaths are increasing in the modern world. Therefore, there is a need to identify a plant based nutraceutical supplement with potent activity. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Reportedly, the protective effect of the rutin in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes is due to the activation of molecular networks related to programmed cell death. STUDY DESIGN-METHODS Phytochemical methods and advanced analytical methods were employed to isolate natural products from Spermococe hispida their effects in cardiomyocyets. RESULTS We reports herein that CoCl2-induced hypoxic condition significantly decreased cell viability as evidenced by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis. Western blot studies revealed an up-regulation of HIF-1α, BAX and caspase and down-regulation of BCl-2 expression, followed by modulation of Akt, p-Akt, p38 and p-p38. The oxidative abnormalities were ameliorated by rutin pretreatment, as deduced by the reduced CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity, MDA concentration and LDH activity and the enhanced levels of GSH and SOD in a dose-dependent manner. Rutin protects H9c2 cells from CoCl2-induced hypoxic damage by mitigating oxidative stress and preserving cell viability by modulating the antiapoptotic proteins. CONCLUSION The overall findings reinforce the cardioprotective action of rutin, a potential source of antioxidant of natural origin, which may help in mitigating the progress of oxidative stress in hypoxic conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Sundaram R
- Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veeresh Kumar Sali
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India
| | - Hannah R Vasanthi
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India.
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Effect of Fermented Spirulina maxima Extract on Cognitive-Enhancing Activities in Mice with Scopolamine-Induced Dementia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7218504. [PMID: 30598686 PMCID: PMC6287139 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7218504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work provides the first demonstration that Spirulina maxima extract fermented with the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus planetarium HY-08 has the ability to ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. The fermented extract exhibited good cognitive-enhancing activities, as demonstrated through Morris water maze and passive avoidance experiments: in these tests, the mice administered the fermented extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg exhibited an escape latency time and a latency time of 88.5 and 76.0 sec, respectively, whereas those administered donepezil, which was used as a positive control, showed an escape latency time and a latency time of 81.3 and 83.3 sec, respectively. However, an extract of 200 mg/kg was considered economically feasible for maintaining relatively high memory-improving activities because only a slight difference in activities was found between 200 and 400 mg/kg. The study also provides the first demonstration that β-carotene, one of the major bioactive substances in S. maxima, has memory-enhancing activity. A detailed analysis of the mechanism for the cognitive-enhancing activities of the fermented extract revealed that the fermented extract effectively increased the phosphorylation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERK) and p-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) and sequentially upregulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whose signaling pathway responds to a reduction in oxidative stress in the brain. The results indicate that the improved efficacy of the fermented extract was likely due to the synergistic effects of β-carotene and other bioactive substances. Therefore, it can be concluded that the fermented extract exerts memory-improving effects in the hippocampus of scopolamine-treated mice through an initial increase in ERK signaling and a sequential induction of the expression of p-CREB and BDNF, and these effects are related to the antioxidant activities of β-carotene and other components.
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Lim W, An Y, Yang C, Bazer FW, Song G. Trichlorfon inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of porcine trophectoderm and uterine luminal epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:555-564. [PMID: 30005267 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trichlorfon is an organophosphate insecticide widely used in agriculture. Additionally, it is applied to pigs for control of endo- and ectoparasites. Previous studies have shown the effects of trichlorfon in pigs during late stages of gestation; however, little is known about its effects during early pregnancy, including implantation and placentation. We investigated whether trichlorfon affects proliferation and apoptosis of porcine trophectoderm (pTr) and uterine luminal epithelial (pLE) cells. Trichlorfon inhibited the proliferation of pTr and pLE cells, as evidenced by cell cycle arrest, and altered the expression of proliferation-related proteins. In addition, trichlorfon induced cell death and apoptotic features, such as loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation, in pTr and pLE cells. Moreover, trichlorfon treatment decreased concentrations of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm in both cell lines and increased concentrations of Ca2+ in mitochondria of pTr cells. Trichlorfon inhibited the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in pTr and pLE cells. Therefore, we suggest that trichlorfon-treated pTr and pLE cells exhibited abnormal cell physiology which might lead to early pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Yikyung An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, Texas, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang XH, Wu J, Huang JG, Zhou LJ. Cytotoxicity of the natural herbicidal chemical, berberine, on Nicotiana tabacum Bright yellow-2 cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 152:131-137. [PMID: 30497703 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is a naturally occurring plant secondary metabolite with allelopathic and cytotoxic properties. We investigated the cytotoxic effects of berberine against tobacco Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells. We found that berberine inhibited tobacco BY-2 cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner and the potency of berberine was comparable to the traditional herbicide glyphosate. Meanwhile, the in vivo test revealed that the herbicidal activity of berberine was also comparable to that of glyphosate. Further mechanism studies for the cytotoxicity demonstrated that berberine at concentrations of 40 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL induced cell death by causing mitochondrial membrane depolarization, irregular nuclei and chromatin condensation but not leading to significant apoptosis. Ultra-structure analysis through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that treatments with 40 μg/mL berberine for 2 d or 80 μg/mL berberine for 1 d induced cell damage, including nuclei morphological changes, cytoplasm and mitochondria degradation and cell wall fibrosis. Treatment at higher concentration of 80 μg/mL for longer period of 2 d, induced plasmolysis and severe damage to basic cell structure, which are indicative of explosive necrosis. Our results suggest that berberine was cytotoxic to tobacco BY-2 cells by inducing necrosis but not apoptosis. Cell wall, mitochondria, nuclei and chromatin were damaged and may be possible primary targets. Therefore, the herbicidal activity of berberine appears to be a complex process associated with multiple mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ji-Guang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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41
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Ameur FZ, Mehedi N, Kheroua O, Saïdi D, Salido GM, Gonzalez A. Sulfanilic acid increases intracellular free-calcium concentration, induces reactive oxygen species production and impairs trypsin secretion in pancreatic AR42J cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Choi WY, Kang DH, Lee HY. Enhancement of Neuroprotective Effects of Spirulina maxima by a Low-temperature Extraction Process with Ultrasonic Pretreatment. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Mohite GM, Navalkar A, Kumar R, Mehra S, Das S, Gadhe LG, Ghosh D, Alias B, Chandrawanshi V, Ramakrishnan A, Mehra S, Maji SK. The Familial α-Synuclein A53E Mutation Enhances Cell Death in Response to Environmental Toxins Due to a Larger Population of Oligomers. Biochemistry 2018; 57:5014-5028. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh M. Mohite
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Ambuja Navalkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Surabhi Mehra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Laxmikant G. Gadhe
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Basil Alias
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Vikas Chandrawanshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Aishwarya Ramakrishnan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Sarika Mehra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
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Pi H, Li M, Xie J, Yang Z, Xi Y, Yu Z, Zhou Z. Transcription factor E3 protects against cadmium-induced apoptosis by maintaining the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis but not autophagic flux in Neuro-2a cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 295:335-350. [PMID: 30030080 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), is a well-known environmental and occupational hazard with a potent neurotoxic action. However, the mechanism underlying cadmium-induced neurotoxicity remains unclear. Herein, we exposed Neuro-2a cells to different concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (12.5, 25 and 50 μM) for 24 h and found that Cd significantly induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) with the release of cathepsin B (CTSB) to the cytosol, which in turn caused the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt c) and eventually triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis. Interestingly, Cd decreased TFE3 expression but induced the nuclear translocation of TFE3 and TFE3 target-gene expression, which might be associated with lysosomal stress mediated by Cd. Notably, Tfe3 overexpression protected against Cd-induced neurotoxicity by maintaining the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and the protective effect of TFE3 is not dependent on the restoration of autophagic flux. In conclusion, our study demonstrated for the first time that lysosomal-mitochondrial axis dependent apoptosis, a neglected mechanism, may be the most important reason for Cd-induced neurotoxicity and that manipulation of TFE3 signaling may be a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of Cd-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqi Yang
- Brain Research Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Army General Hospital in Lanzhou, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Xi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Environmental Medicine, and Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang L, Liu Y, Qi C, Shen L, Wang J, Liu X, Zhang N, Bing T, Shangguan D. Oxidative degradation of polyamines by serum supplement causes cytotoxicity on cultured cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10384. [PMID: 29991686 PMCID: PMC6039494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28648-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum is a common supplement for cell culture due to it containing the essential active components for the growth and maintenance of cells. However, the knowledges of the active components in serum are incomplete. Apart from the direct influence of serum components on cultured cells, the reaction of serum components with tested drugs cannot be ignored, which usually results in the false conclusion on the activity of the tested drugs. Here we report the toxicity effect of polyamines (spermidine and spermine) on cultured cells, especially on drug-resistant cancer cell lines, which resulted from the oxidative degradation of polyamines by amine oxidases in serum supplement. Upon adding spermidine or spermine, high concentration of H2O2, an enzyme oxidation product of polyamines, was generated in culture media containing ruminant serum, such as fetal bovine serum (FBS), calf serum, bovine serum, goat serum or horse serum, but not in the media containing human serum. Drug-resistant cancer cell lines showed much higher sensitivity to the oxidation products of polyamines (H2O2 and acrolein) than their wild cell lines, which was due to their low antioxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cui Qi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Luyao Shen
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Tao Bing
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Department Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Sakthivel R, Malar DS, Devi KP. Phytol shows anti-angiogenic activity and induces apoptosis in A549 cells by depolarizing the mitochondrial membrane potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:742-752. [PMID: 29908495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the antiproliferative activity of phytol and its mechanism of action against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 were studied in detail. Results showed that phytol exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against A549 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 70.81 ± 0.32 μM and 60.7 ± 0.47 μM at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Phytol showed no adverse toxic effect in normal human lung cells (L-132), but mild toxic effect was observed when treated with maximum dose (67 and 84 μM). No membrane-damaging effect was evidenced by PI staining and SEM analysis. The results of mitochondrial membrane potential analysis, cell cycle analysis, FT-IR and Western blotting analysis clearly demonstrated the molecular mechanism of phytol as induction of apoptosis in A549 cells, as evidenced by formation of shrinked cell morphology with membrane blebbing, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cell population in the sub-G0 phase, band variation in the DNA and lipid region, downregulation of Bcl-2, upregulation of Bax and the activation of caspase-9 and -3. In addition, phytol inhibited the CAM vascular growth as evidenced by CAM assay, which positively suggests that phytol has anti-angiogenic potential. Taken together, these findings clearly demonstrate the mode of action by which phytol induces cell death in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sakthivel
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dicson Sheeja Malar
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ferreira G, Costa C, Bassaizteguy V, Santos M, Cardozo R, Montes J, Settineri R, Nicolson GL. Incubation of human sperm with micelles made from glycerophospholipid mixtures increases sperm motility and resistance to oxidative stress. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197897. [PMID: 29856778 PMCID: PMC5984032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane integrity is essential in maintaining sperm viability, signaling, and motility, which are essential for fertilization. Sperm are highly susceptible to oxidative stress, as they are rich in sensitive polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and are unable to synthesize and repair many essential membrane constituents. Because of this, sperm cellular membranes are important targets of this process. Membrane Lipid Replacement (MLR) with glycerophospholipid mixtures (GPL) has been shown to ameliorate oxidative stress in cells, restore their cellular membranes, and prevent loss of function. Therefore, we tested the effects of MLR on sperm by tracking and monitoring GPL incorporation into their membrane systems and studying their effects on sperm motility and viability under different experimental conditions. Incubation of sperm with mixtures of exogenous, unoxidized GPL results in their incorporation into sperm membranes, as shown by the use of fluorescent dyes attached to GPL. The percent overall (total) sperm motility was increased from 52±2.5% to 68±1.34% after adding GPL to the incubation media, and overall sperm motility was recovered from 7±2% after H2O2 treatment to 58±2.5%)(n = 8, p<0.01) by the incorporation of GPL into sperm membranes. When sperm were exposed to H2O2, the mitochondrial inner membrane potential (MIMP), monitored using the MIMP tracker dye JC-1 in flow cytometry, diminished, whereas the addition of GPL prevented the decrease in MIMP. Confocal microscopy with Rhodamine-123 and JC-1 confirmed the mitochondrial localization of the dyes. We conclude that incubation of human sperm with glycerolphospholipids into the membranes of sperm improves sperm viability, motility, and resistance to oxidizing agents like H2O2. This suggests that human sperm might be useful to test innovative new treatments like MLR, since such treatments could improve fertility when it is adversely affected by increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ferreira
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Señalización Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Costa
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Señalización Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Verónica Bassaizteguy
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Señalización Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo Santos
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Señalización Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romina Cardozo
- Departamento de Biofísica, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Señalización Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Robert Settineri
- Sierra Productions Research, LLC, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Garth L. Nicolson
- Dept. of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California, United States of America
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Li J, Ma X, Wang Y, Chen C, Hu M, Wang L, Fu J, Shi G, Zhang D, Zhang T. Methyl Salicylate Lactoside Protects Neurons Ameliorating Cognitive Disorder Through Inhibiting Amyloid Beta-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:85. [PMID: 29636677 PMCID: PMC5880880 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory reactions mediated by microglia and astrocytes have been shown to play a key role in early progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increased evidences have demonstrated that neurons exacerbate local inflammatory reactions by producing inflammatory mediators and act as an important participant in the pathogenesis of AD. Methyl salicylate lactoside (MSL) is an isolated natural product that is part of a class of novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). In our previous studies, we demonstrated that MSL exhibited therapeutic effects on arthritis-induced mice and suppressed the activation of glial cells. In the current study, we investigated the effects of MSL on cognitive function and neuronal protection induced by amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ) and explored potential underlying mechanisms involved. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) double transgenic mice were used to evaluate the effects of MSL through behavioral testing and neuronal degenerative changes. In addition, copper-injured APP Swedish mutation overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells were used to determine the transduction of cyclooxygenase (COX) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Our results indicated that at an early stage, MSL treatment ameliorated cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, in an in vitro AD model, MSL treatment protected injured cells by increasing cell viability, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and decreasing oxidative damage. In addition, MSL inhibited the phosphorylated level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK, and suppressed the expression of COX-1/2. As a novel NSAIDs and used for the treatment in early stage of AD, MSL clearly demonstrated cognitive preservation by protecting neurons via a pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effect in the context of AD-associated deficits. Therefore, early treatment of anti-inflammatory therapy may be an effective strategy for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junmin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gaona Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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49
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Zhao HH, He JT, Liu ZX, Huang JG. Cytotoxicity of chemical constituents from Torricellia tiliifolia DC. on Spodoptera litura (SL-1) cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 144:19-26. [PMID: 29463404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated cytotoxicity of chemicals isolated from Torricellia tiliifolia DC. on Spodoptera litura (SL-1) cell line. Among the isolated compounds, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde, and syringaresinol inhibited SL-1 cell survival in both dose- and time-dependent manners. Meanwhile, the in vivo insecticidal activity test revealed that 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde showed obvious insecticidal activities. These two compounds exhibited toxicity to SL-1 cells by inducing cellular morphological changes including shape change, cell shrinkage, vacuolation, cell membrane blebbing and chromatin condensation and apoptosis. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde showed the most effect on mitochondrial membrane depolarization at 24h and 72h respectively and induced the apoptosis at a late time point 72h. Our results suggest that 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibit SL-1 survival by inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiang-Tao He
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Xiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ji-Guang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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50
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Egg ovotransferrin derived IRW exerts protective effect against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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