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Song Z, Lin Q, Liang J, Zhang W. Inhibition of Sesn2 has negative regulatory effects on the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:31. [PMID: 39117956 PMCID: PMC11310181 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00193-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sestrin2 (Sesn2) has been previously confirmed to be a stress-response molecule. However, the influence of Sesn2 on myogenic differentiation remains elusive. This study was conducted to analyze the role of Sesn2 in the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts and related aspects in mdx mice, an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Our results showed that knockdown of Sesn2 reduced the myogenic differentiation capacity of C2C12 myoblasts. Predictive analysis from two databases suggested that miR-182-5p is a potential regulator of Sesn2. Further experimental validation revealed that overexpression of miR-182-5p decreased both the protein and mRNA levels of Sesn2 and inhibited myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts. These findings suggest that miR-182-5p negatively regulates myogenesis by repressing Sesn2 expression. Extending to an in vivo model of DMD, knockdown of Sesn2 led to decreased Myogenin (Myog) expression and increased Pax7 expression, while its overexpression upregulated Myog levels and enhanced the proportion of slow-switch myofibers. These findings indicate the crucial role of Sesn2 in promoting myogenic differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubiao Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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2
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Mozzetta C, Sartorelli V, Steinkuhler C, Puri PL. HDAC inhibitors as pharmacological treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a discovery journey from bench to patients. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:278-294. [PMID: 38408879 PMCID: PMC11095976 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Earlier evidence that targeting the balance between histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs), through exposure to HDAC inhibitors (HDACis), could enhance skeletal myogenesis, prompted interest in using HDACis to promote muscle regeneration. Further identification of constitutive HDAC activation in dystrophin-deficient muscles, caused by dysregulated nitric oxide (NO) signaling, provided the rationale for HDACi-based therapeutic interventions for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this review, we describe the molecular, preclinical, and clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of HDACis in countering disease progression by targeting pathogenic networks of gene expression in multiple muscle-resident cell types of patients with DMD. Given that givinostat is paving the way for HDACi-based interventions in DMD, next-generation HDACis with optimized therapeutic profiles and efficacy could be also explored for synergistic combinations with other therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mozzetta
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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3
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Robertson R, Li S, Filippelli RL, Chang NC. Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:83-121. [PMID: 38670717 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are crucial to the repair and homeostasis of mature skeletal muscle. MuSC dysfunction and dysregulation of the myogenic program can contribute to the development of pathology ranging from cancers like rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) or muscle degenerative diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Both diseases exhibit dysregulation at nearly all steps of myogenesis. For instance, MuSC self-renewal processes are altered. In RMS, this leads to the creation of tumor propagating cells. In DMD, impaired asymmetric stem cell division creates a bias towards producing self-renewing stem cells instead of committing to differentiation. Hyperproliferation of these cells contribute to tumorigenesis in RMS and symmetric expansion of the self-renewing MuSC population in DMD. Both diseases also exhibit a repression of factors involved in terminal differentiation, halting RMS cells in the proliferative stage and thus driving tumor growth. Conversely, the MuSCs in DMD exhibit impaired differentiation and fuse prematurely, affecting myonuclei maturation and the integrity of the dystrophic muscle fiber. Finally, both disease states cause alterations to the MuSC niche. Various elements of the niche such as inflammatory and migratory signaling that impact MuSC behavior are dysregulated. Here we show how these seemingly distantly related diseases indeed have similarities in MuSC dysfunction, underlying the importance of considering MuSCs when studying the pathophysiology of muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shulei Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Romina L Filippelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natasha C Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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4
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Regulation of Cell Plasticity by Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Proteins: A New Perspective in Glioblastoma Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065665. [PMID: 36982740 PMCID: PMC10055343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BET proteins are a family of multifunctional epigenetic readers, mainly involved in transcriptional regulation through chromatin modelling. Transcriptome handling ability of BET proteins suggests a key role in the modulation of cell plasticity, both in fate decision and in lineage commitment during embryonic development and in pathogenic conditions, including cancerogenesis. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of glioma, characterized by a very poor prognosis despite the application of a multimodal therapy. Recently, new insights are emerging about the glioblastoma cellular origin, leading to the hypothesis that several putative mechanisms occur during gliomagenesis. Interestingly, epigenome dysregulation associated with loss of cellular identity and functions are emerging as crucial features of glioblastoma pathogenesis. Therefore, the emerging roles of BET protein in glioblastoma onco-biology and the compelling demand for more effective therapeutic strategies suggest that BET family members could be promising targets for translational breakthroughs in glioblastoma treatment. Primarily, “Reprogramming Therapy”, which is aimed at reverting the malignant phenotype, is now considered a promising strategy for GBM therapy.
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5
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Pro-Myogenic Environment Promoted by the Synergistic Effect of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites Combined with Extracellular Zinc Ions. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121706. [PMID: 36552216 PMCID: PMC9774464 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy based on the combination of electrically conductive polymer nanocomposites and extracellular Zn2+ ions as a myogenic factor was developed to assess its ability to synergically stimulate myogenic cell response. The conductive nanocomposite was prepared with a polymeric matrix and a small amount of graphene (G) nanosheets (0.7% wt/wt) as conductive filler to produce an electrically conductive surface. The nanocomposites' surface electrical conductivity presented values in the range of human skeletal muscle tissue. The biological evaluation of the cell environment created by the combination of the conductive surface and extracellular Zn2+ ions showed no cytotoxicity and good cell adhesion (murine C2C12 myoblasts). Amazingly, the combined strategy, cell-material interface with conductive properties and Zn bioactive ions, was found to have a pronounced synergistic effect on myoblast proliferation and the early stages of differentiation. The ratio of differentiated myoblasts cultured on the conductive nanocomposites with extracellular Zn2+ ions added in the differentiation medium (serum-deprived medium) was enhanced by more than 170% over that of non-conductive surfaces (only the polymeric matrix), and more than 120% over both conductive substrates (without extracellular Zn2+ ions) and non-conductive substrates with extracellular Zn2+. This synergistic effect was also found to increase myotube density, myotube area and diameter, and multinucleated myotube formation. MyoD-1 gene expression was also enhanced, indicating the positive effect in the early stages of myogenic differentiation. These results demonstrate the great potential of this combined strategy, which stands outs for its simplicity and robustness, for skeletal muscle tissue engineering applications.
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Kahsay A, Rodriguez-Marquez E, López-Pérez A, Hörnblad A, von Hofsten J. Pax3 loss of function delays tumour progression in kRAS-induced zebrafish rhabdomyosarcoma models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17149. [PMID: 36229514 PMCID: PMC9561152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue cancer that arises in skeletal muscle due to mutations in myogenic progenitors that lead to ineffective differentiation and malignant transformation. The transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7 and their downstream target genes are tightly linked with the fusion positive alveolar subtype, whereas the RAS pathway is usually involved in the embryonal, fusion negative variant. Here, we analyse the role of Pax3 in a fusion negative context, by linking alterations in gene expression in pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish with tumour progression in kRAS-induced rhabdomyosarcoma tumours. Several genes in the RAS/MAPK signalling pathway were significantly down-regulated in pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish. Progression of rhabdomyosarcoma tumours was also delayed in the pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish indicating that Pax3 transcription factors have an unappreciated role in mediating malignancy in fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kahsay
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - E. Rodriguez-Marquez
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A. López-Pérez
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A. Hörnblad
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - J. von Hofsten
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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7
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Myogenesis defects in a patient-derived iPSC model of hereditary GNE myopathy. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:48. [PMID: 36085325 PMCID: PMC9463157 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary muscle diseases are disabling disorders lacking effective treatments. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) myopathy (GNEM) is an autosomal recessive distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles typically manifesting in late adolescence/early adulthood. GNE encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in sialic acid biosynthesis, which is necessary for the proper function of numerous biological processes. Outside of the causative gene, very little is known about the mechanisms contributing to the development of GNE myopathy. In the present study, we aimed to address this knowledge gap by querying the underlying mechanisms of GNE myopathy using a patient-derived induced pluripotent stem-cell (iPSC) model. Control and patient-specific iPSCs were differentiated down a skeletal muscle lineage, whereby patient-derived GNEM iPSC clones were able to recapitulate key characteristics of the human pathology and further demonstrated defects in myogenic progression. Single-cell RNA sequencing time course studies revealed clear differences between control and GNEM iPSC-derived muscle precursor cells (iMPCs), while pathway studies implicated altered stress and autophagy signaling in GNEM iMPCs. Treatment of GNEM patient-derived iMPCs with an autophagy activator improved myogenic differentiation. In summary, we report an in vitro, iPSC-based model of GNE myopathy and implicate defective myogenesis as a contributing mechanism to the etiology of GNE myopathy.
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8
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Zoroddu S, Marchesi I, Bagella L. PRC2: an epigenetic multiprotein complex with a key role in the development of rhabdomyosarcoma carcinogenesis. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:156. [PMID: 34372908 PMCID: PMC8351429 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle formation represents a complex of highly organized and specialized systems that are still not fully understood. Epigenetic systems underline embryonic development, maintenance of stemness, and progression of differentiation. Polycomb group proteins play the role of gene silencing of stemness markers that regulate muscle differentiation. Enhancer of Zeste EZH2 is the catalytic subunit of the complex that is able to trimethylate lysine 27 of histone H3 and induce silencing of the involved genes. In embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma and several other tumors, EZH2 is often deregulated and, in some cases, is associated with tumor malignancy. This review explores the molecular processes underlying the failure of muscle differentiation with a focus on the PRC2 complex. These considerations could open new studies aimed at the development of new cutting-edge therapeutic strategies in the onset of Rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Zoroddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Irene Marchesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Kitos Biotech Srls, Tramariglio, Alghero, SS, Italy
| | - Luigi Bagella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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9
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Brennan CM, Emerson CP, Owens J, Christoforou N. p38 MAPKs - roles in skeletal muscle physiology, disease mechanisms, and as potential therapeutic targets. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e149915. [PMID: 34156029 PMCID: PMC8262482 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p38 MAPKs play a central role in orchestrating the cellular response to stress and inflammation and in the regulation of myogenesis. Potent inhibitors of p38 MAPKs have been pursued as potential therapies for several disease indications due to their antiinflammatory properties, although none have been approved to date. Here, we provide a brief overview of p38 MAPKs, including their role in regulating myogenesis and their association with disease progression. Finally, we discuss targeting p38 MAPKs as a therapeutic approach for treating facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and other muscular dystrophies by addressing multiple pathological mechanisms in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles P Emerson
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Program, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane Owens
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Chen X, Sun Y, Zhang T, Roepstorff P, Yang F. Comprehensive Analysis of the Proteome and PTMomes of C2C12 Myoblasts Reveals that Sialylation Plays a Role in the Differentiation of Skeletal Muscle Cells. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:222-235. [PMID: 33216553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The C2C12 myoblast is a model that has been used extensively to study the process of skeletal muscle differentiation. Proteomics has advanced our understanding of skeletal muscle biology and also the differentiation process of skeletal muscle cells. However, there is still no comprehensive analysis of C2C12 myoblast proteomes, which is important for the understanding of key drivers for the differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. Here, we conducted multidimensional proteome profiling to get a comprehensive analysis of proteomes and PTMomes of C2C12 myoblasts with a TiSH strategy. A total of 8313 protein groups were identified, including 7827 protein groups from nonmodified peptides, 3803 phosphoproteins, and 977 formerly sialylated N-linked glycoproteins. Integrated analysis of proteomic and PTMomic data showed that almost all of the kinases and transcription factors in the muscle cell differentiation pathway were phosphorylated. Further analysis indicated that sialylation might play a role in the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Further functional analysis demonstrated that C2C12 myoblasts showed a decreased level of sialylation during skeletal muscle cell differentiation. Inhibition of sialylation with the sialyltransferase inhibitor 3Fax-Neu5Ac resulted in the lower expression of MHC and suppression of myoblast fusion. In all, these results indicate that sialylation has an effect on the differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China
| | - Yaping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China
| | - Peter Roepstorff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China
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11
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Zluhan-Martínez E, Pérez-Koldenkova V, Ponce-Castañeda MV, Sánchez MDLP, García-Ponce B, Miguel-Hernández S, Álvarez-Buylla ER, Garay-Arroyo A. Beyond What Your Retina Can See: Similarities of Retinoblastoma Function between Plants and Animals, from Developmental Processes to Epigenetic Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4925. [PMID: 32664691 PMCID: PMC7404004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is a key cell cycle regulator conserved in a wide variety of organisms. Experimental analysis of pRb's functions in animals and plants has revealed that this protein participates in cell proliferation and differentiation processes. In addition, pRb in animals and its orthologs in plants (RBR), are part of highly conserved protein complexes which suggest the possibility that analogies exist not only between functions carried out by pRb orthologs themselves, but also in the structure and roles of the protein networks where these proteins are involved. Here, we present examples of pRb/RBR participation in cell cycle control, cell differentiation, and in the regulation of epigenetic changes and chromatin remodeling machinery, highlighting the similarities that exist between the composition of such networks in plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estephania Zluhan-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, 3er Circuito Ext. Junto a J. Botánico, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM 04510, Mexico; (E.Z.-M.); (M.d.l.P.S.); (B.G.-P.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico
| | - Vadim Pérez-Koldenkova
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc, 330. Col. Doctores, Alc. Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico;
| | - Martha Verónica Ponce-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - María de la Paz Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, 3er Circuito Ext. Junto a J. Botánico, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM 04510, Mexico; (E.Z.-M.); (M.d.l.P.S.); (B.G.-P.)
| | - Berenice García-Ponce
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, 3er Circuito Ext. Junto a J. Botánico, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM 04510, Mexico; (E.Z.-M.); (M.d.l.P.S.); (B.G.-P.)
| | - Sergio Miguel-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Citopatología Ambiental, Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Campus Zacatenco, Calle Wilfrido Massieu Esquina Cda, Manuel Stampa 07738, Mexico;
| | - Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, 3er Circuito Ext. Junto a J. Botánico, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM 04510, Mexico; (E.Z.-M.); (M.d.l.P.S.); (B.G.-P.)
| | - Adriana Garay-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Epigenética, Desarrollo y Evolución de Plantas, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, 3er Circuito Ext. Junto a J. Botánico, Ciudad Universitaria, UNAM 04510, Mexico; (E.Z.-M.); (M.d.l.P.S.); (B.G.-P.)
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12
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Rajasekaran NS, Shelar SB, Jones DP, Hoidal JR. Reductive stress impairs myogenic differentiation. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101492. [PMID: 32361680 PMCID: PMC7199008 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-satellite cells regenerate and differentiate into skeletal muscle (SM) after acute or chronic injury. Changes in the redox milieu towards the oxidative arm at the wound site are known to compromise SM regeneration. Recently, we reported that abrogation of Nrf2/antioxidant signaling promotes oxidative stress and impairs SM regeneration in C57/Bl6 mice. Here, we investigated whether the activation of intracellular Nrf2 signaling favors antioxidant transcription and promotes myoblast differentiation. Satellite cell-like C2C12 myoblasts were treated with sulforaphane (SF; 1.0 & 5.0 μM) to activate Nrf2/antioxidant signaling during proliferation and differentiation (i.e. formation of myotubes/myofibers). SF-mediated Nrf2 activation resulted in increased expression of Nrf2-antioxidants (e.g. GCLC and G6PD) and augmented the production of reduced glutathione (GSH) leading to a reductive redox state. Surprisingly, this resulted in significant inhibition of myoblast differentiation, as observed from morphological changes and reduced expression of MyoD, Pax7, and Myh2, due to reductive stress (RS). Furthermore, supplementation of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or GSH-ester or genetic knock-down of Keap1 (using siRNA) also resulted in RS-driven inhibition of differentiation. Interestingly, withdrawing Nrf2 activation rescued differentiation potential and formation of myotubes/myofibers from C2C12 myoblasts. Thus, abrogation of physiological ROS signaling through over-activation of Nrf2 (i.e. RS) and developing RS hampers differentiation of muscle satellite cells. Sulforaphane activates Nrf2 and establishes reductive stress (RS) in C2C12 myoblasts. RS abolishes basal ROS and significantly impede the differentiation of myoblasts. Augmentation of glutathione using pharmacological agents (NAC and GSH-ester) promotes RS and impairs differentiation. Precluding RS restores the myoblast differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Sandeep Balu Shelar
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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13
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MEG3 Promotes Differentiation of Porcine Satellite Cells by Sponging miR-423-5p to Relieve Inhibiting Effect on SRF. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020449. [PMID: 32075310 PMCID: PMC7072828 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in porcine growth and development, the regulation mechanisms of functional lncRNAs have not been well explored. In this study, using 5′- and 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) assays, we obtained two different variants of lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), namely, MEG3 v1 and MEG3 v2, that were both highly expressed in porcine skeletal muscle and in the early stage of the differentiation of porcine satellite cells. Moreover, we identified the core transcript MEG3 v2. Functional analyses showed that MEG3 overexpression could effectively arrest myoblasts in the G1 phase, inhibit DNA replication, and promote myoblast differentiation, whereas MEG3 knockdown resulted in the opposite effects. Interestingly, the expression of serum response factor (SRF), a crucial transcription factor for myogenesis process, remarkably increased and decreased in mRNA and protein levels with the respective overexpression and knockdown of MEG3. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that MEG3 could attenuate the decrease of luciferase activity of SRF induced by miR-423-5p in a dose-dependent manner. MEG3 overexpression could relieve the inhibitory effect on SRF and myoblast differentiation induced by miR-423-5p. In addition, results of RNA immunoprecipitation analysis suggested that MEG3 could act as a ceRNA for miR-423-5p. Our findings initially established a novel connection among MEG3, miR-423-5p, and SRF in porcine satellite cell differentiation. This novel role of MEG3 may shed new light on understanding of molecular regulation of lncRNA in porcine myogenesis.
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14
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Elsaeid Elnour I, Dong D, Wang X, Zhansaya T, Khan R, Jian W, Jie C, Chen H. Bta-miR-885 promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of myoblasts by targeting MyoD1. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6625-6636. [PMID: 31985035 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts are essential for the regeneration and development of skeletal muscles. However, the process of skeletal muscle development in cattle is complex and needs to be further investigated. The microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small noncoding RNAs that play a critical role during skeletal muscle development. In this study, we evaluated the function of miR-885 in muscle development in cattle. The results found that the expression of miR-885 was gradually upregulated during myoblast proliferation, whereas progressively downregulated during myoblast differentiation. The overexpression of miR-885 promoted cell proliferation of myoblast in cattle. Moreover, we further noted that the overexpression miR-885 triggered the expression level of various marker genes involved in cell proliferation, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and cyclin B1 (CCNB1). Furthermore, it was observed that overexpression of miR-885 inhibited cell differentiation, and significantly decreased messenger RNA and protein expression levels of myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD1) and myogenin (MyoG) in primary bovine myoblasts. Moreover, the miR-885 inhibitor revealed that miR-885 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell differentiation. In addition, the overexpression of miR-885 markedly decreased MyoD1 expression in primary bovine myoblasts. The luciferase reporter assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot (WB) further indicated that miR-885 directly binding to 3' UTR of MyoD1 gene during transcriptional regulation. Conclusively, these results signified that miR-885 could be critical for the proliferation and differentiation in primary bovine myoblast cells by targeting the MyoD1 gene in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Elsaeid Elnour
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Nyala, Nyala, Sudan
| | - Dong Dong
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Toremurat Zhansaya
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wang Jian
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Jie
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Mukund K, Subramaniam S. Skeletal muscle: A review of molecular structure and function, in health and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 12:e1462. [PMID: 31407867 PMCID: PMC6916202 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research in skeletal muscle physiology have provided multiscale insights into the structural and functional complexity of this important anatomical tissue, designed to accomplish the task of generating contraction, force and movement. Skeletal muscle can be viewed as a biomechanical device with various interacting components including the autonomic nerves for impulse transmission, vasculature for efficient oxygenation, and embedded regulatory and metabolic machinery for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The "omics" revolution has propelled a new era in muscle research, allowing us to discern minute details of molecular cross-talk required for effective coordination between the myriad interacting components for efficient muscle function. The objective of this review is to provide a systems-level, comprehensive mapping the molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle structure and function, in health and disease. We begin this review with a focus on molecular mechanisms underlying muscle tissue development (myogenesis), with an emphasis on satellite cells and muscle regeneration. We next review the molecular structure and mechanisms underlying the many structural components of the muscle: neuromuscular junction, sarcomere, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, and vasculature surrounding muscle. We highlight aberrant molecular mechanisms and their possible clinical or pathophysiological relevance. We particularly emphasize the impact of environmental stressors (inflammation and oxidative stress) in contributing to muscle pathophysiology including atrophy, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. This article is categorized under: Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Cellular Models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Mukund
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, Bioinformatics & Systems BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
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16
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Ciuffoli V, Lena AM, Gambacurta A, Melino G, Candi E. Myoblasts rely on TAp63 to control basal mitochondria respiration. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3558-3573. [PMID: 30487319 PMCID: PMC6286837 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
p53, with its family members p63 and p73, have been shown to promote myoblast differentiation by regulation of the function of the retinoblastoma protein and by direct activation of p21Cip/Waf1 and p57Kip2, promoting cell cycle exit. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the TAp63γ isoform is the only member of the p53 family that accumulates during in vitro myoblasts differentiation, and that its silencing led to delay in myotube fusion. To better dissect the role of TAp63γ in myoblast physiology, we have generated both sh-p63 and Tet-On inducible TAp63γ clones. Gene array analysis of sh-p63 C2C7 clones showed a significant modulation of genes involved in proliferation and cellular metabolism. Indeed, we found that sh-p63 C2C7 myoblasts present a higher proliferation rate and that, conversely, TAp63γ ectopic expression decreases myoblasts proliferation, indicating that TAp63γ specifically contributes to myoblasts proliferation, independently of p53 and p73. In addition, sh-p63 cells have a defect in mitochondria respiration highlighted by a reduction in spare respiratory capacity and a decrease in complex I, IV protein levels. These results demonstrated that, beside contributing to cell cycle exit, TAp63γ participates to myoblasts metabolism control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ciuffoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambacurta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry laboratory, Rome, Italy
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17
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Dall'Agnese A, Caputo L, Nicoletti C, di Iulio J, Schmitt A, Gatto S, Diao Y, Ye Z, Forcato M, Perera R, Bicciato S, Telenti A, Ren B, Puri PL. Transcription Factor-Directed Re-wiring of Chromatin Architecture for Somatic Cell Nuclear Reprogramming toward trans-Differentiation. Mol Cell 2019; 76:453-472.e8. [PMID: 31519520 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MYOD-directed fibroblast trans-differentiation into skeletal muscle provides a unique model to investigate how one transcription factor (TF) reconfigures the three-dimensional chromatin architecture to control gene expression, which is otherwise achieved by the combinatorial activities of multiple TFs. Integrative analysis of genome-wide high-resolution chromatin interactions, MYOD and CTCF DNA-binding profile, and gene expression, revealed that MYOD directs extensive re-wiring of interactions involving cis-regulatory and structural genomic elements, including promoters, enhancers, and insulated neighborhoods (INs). Re-configured INs were hot-spots of differential interactions, whereby MYOD binding to highly constrained sequences at IN boundaries and/or inside INs led to alterations of promoter-enhancer interactions to repress cell-of-origin genes and to activate muscle-specific genes. Functional evidence shows that MYOD-directed re-configuration of chromatin interactions temporally preceded the effect on gene expression and was mediated by direct MYOD-DNA binding. These data illustrate a model whereby a single TF alters multi-loop hubs to drive somatic cell trans-differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dall'Agnese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Luca Caputo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chiara Nicoletti
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | | | - Anthony Schmitt
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sole Gatto
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhen Ye
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Ranjan Perera
- Analytical Genomics and Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | | | - Bing Ren
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Institute of Genome Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Extricate Bupivacaine-Impaired Skeletal Muscle Function via Mitigating Neutrophil-Mediated Acute Inflammation and Protecting against Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174312. [PMID: 31484417 PMCID: PMC6747081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury presents a challenging traumatological dilemma, and current therapeutic options remain mediocre. This study was designed to delineate if engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (uMSCs) could aid in skeletal muscle healing and persuasive molecular mechanisms. We established a skeletal muscle injury model by injection of myotoxin bupivacaine (BPVC) into quadriceps muscles of C57BL/6 mice. Post BPVC injection, neutrophils, the first host defensive line, rapidly invaded injured muscle and induced acute inflammation. Engrafted uMSCs effectively abolished neutrophil infiltration and activation, and diminished neutrophil chemotaxis, including Complement component 5a (C5a), Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, LPS-induced CXC chemokine (LIX), Fractalkine, Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and Interferon-γ, as determined using a Quantibody Mouse Cytokine Array assay. Subsequently, uMSCs noticeably prevented BPVC-accelerated collagen deposition and fibrosis, measured by Masson's trichrome staining. Remarkably, uMSCs attenuated BPVC-induced Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression, a master regulator of fibrosis. Engrafted uMSCs attenuated TGF-β1 transmitting through interrupting the canonical Sma- And Mad-Related Protein (Smad)2/3 dependent pathway and noncanonical Smad-independent Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase (TAK)-1/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling. The uMSCs abrogated TGF-β1-induced fibrosis by reducing extracellular matrix components including fibronectin-1, collagen (COL) 1A1, and COL10A1. Most importantly, uMSCs modestly extricated BPVC-impaired gait functions, determined using CatWalk™ XT gait analysis. This work provides several innovative insights into and molecular bases for employing uMSCs to execute therapeutic potential through the elimination of neutrophil-mediated acute inflammation toward protecting against fibrosis, thereby rescuing functional impairments post injury.
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19
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Sorrentino S, Barbiera A, Proietti G, Sica G, Adamo S, Scicchitano BM. Inhibition of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling Hampers the Vasopressin-dependent Stimulation of Myogenic Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174188. [PMID: 31461843 PMCID: PMC6747374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) promotes muscle differentiation, hypertrophy, and regeneration through the combined activation of the calcineurin and Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase (CaMK) pathways. The AVP system is impaired in several neuromuscular diseases, suggesting that AVP may act as a physiological factor in skeletal muscle. Since the Phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Protein Kinase B/mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling plays a significant role in regulating muscle mass, we evaluated its role in the AVP myogenic effect. In L6 cells AKT1 expression was knocked down, and the AVP-dependent expression of mTOR and Forkhead box O3 (FoxO) was analyzed by Western blotting. The effect of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was evaluated by cellular and molecular techniques. Akt knockdown hampered the AVP-dependent mTOR expression while increased the levels of FoxO transcription factor. LY294002 treatment inhibited the AVP-dependent expression of Myocyte Enhancer Factor-2 (MEF2) and myogenin and prevented the nuclear translocation of MEF2. LY294002 also repressed the AVP-dependent nuclear export of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) interfering with the formation of multifactorial complexes on the myogenin promoter. We demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt pathway is essential for the full myogenic effect of AVP and that, by targeting this pathway, one may highlight novel strategies to counteract muscle wasting in aging or neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sorrentino
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Barbiera
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriella Proietti
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Gigliola Sica
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Adamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Anatomiche, Istologiche, Medico-legali e dell'Apparato Locomotore (SAIMLAL), Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia Medica, Sapienza Università, via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| | - Bianca Maria Scicchitano
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
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20
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Sui Y, Han Y, Zhao X, Li D, Li G. Long non-coding RNA Irm enhances myogenic differentiation by interacting with MEF2D. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:181. [PMID: 30792383 PMCID: PMC6385193 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest important roles for long non-coding RNAs as essential regulators of myogenic differentiation. Here, we report that lncRNA Irm is upregulated during myogenesis. Functional analyses show that the overexpression of Irm enhances myogenic differentiation, whereas the inhibition of Irm has completely opposite effects in vitro. Notably, the inhibition of Irm blocks damage-induced muscle regeneration in vivo. Mechanistically, Irm regulates the expression of myogenic genes by directly binding to MEF2D, which in turn promotes the assembly of MyoD/MEF2D on the regulatory elements of target genes. Collectively, we have identified a novel lncRNA that interacts with MEF2D to regulate myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Sui
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Yu Han
- Joint Surgery Department, No.1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Joint Surgery Department, No.1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dongsong Li
- Joint Surgery Department, No.1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Guangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, China.
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21
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Andresini O, Rossi MN, Matteini F, Petrai S, Santini T, Maione R. The long non-coding RNA Kcnq1ot1 controls maternal p57 expression in muscle cells by promoting H3K27me3 accumulation to an intragenic MyoD-binding region. Epigenetics Chromatin 2019; 12:8. [PMID: 30651140 PMCID: PMC6334472 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-019-0253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cell-cycle inhibitor p57kip2 plays a critical role in mammalian development by coordinating cell proliferation and differentiation in many cell types. p57kip2 expression is finely regulated by several epigenetic mechanisms, including paternal imprinting. Kcnq1ot1, a long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), whose gene maps to the p57Kip2 imprinting domain, is expressed exclusively from the paternal allele and participates in the cis-silencing of the neighboring imprinted genes through chromatin-level regulation. In light of our previous evidence of a functional interaction between myogenic factors and imprinting control elements in the regulation of the maternal p57Kip2 allele during muscle differentiation, we examined the possibility that also Kcnq1ot1 could play an imprinting-independent role in the control of p57Kip2 expression in muscle cells. RESULTS We found that Kcnq1ot1 depletion by siRNA causes the upregulation of the maternal and functional p57Kip2 allele during differentiation, suggesting a previously undisclosed role for this LncRNA. Consistently, Chromatin Oligo-affinity Precipitation assays showed that Kcnq1ot1 physically interacts not only with the paternal imprinting control region of the locus, as already known, but also with both maternal and paternal alleles of a novel p57Kip2 regulatory region, located intragenically and containing two binding sites for the muscle-specific factor MyoD. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays after Kcnq1ot1 depletion demonstrated that the LncRNA is required for the accumulation of H3K27me3, a chromatin modification catalyzed by the histone-methyl-transferase EZH2, at the maternal p57kip2 intragenic region. Finally, upon differentiation, the binding of MyoD to this region and its physical interaction with Kcnq1ot1, analyzed by ChIP and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, correlate with the loss of EZH2 and H3K27me3 from chromatin and with p57Kip2 de-repression. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the existence of an imprinting-independent role of Kcnq1ot1, adding new insights into the biology of a still mysterious LncRNA. Moreover, they expand our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the tight and fine regulation of p57Kip2 during differentiation and, possibly, its aberrant silencing observed in several pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriella Andresini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nicoletta Rossi
- Rheumatology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Viale di S. Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Petrai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Santini
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Exercise and the control of muscle mass in human. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:397-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Mnatsakanyan H, Serra RSI, Rico P, Salmerón-Sánchez M. Zinc uptake promotes myoblast differentiation via Zip7 transporter and activation of Akt signalling transduction pathway. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13642. [PMID: 30206294 PMCID: PMC6133932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myogenic regeneration occurs through a chain of events beginning with the output of satellite cells from quiescent state, formation of competent myoblasts and later fusion and differentiation into myofibres. Traditionally, growth factors are used to stimulate muscle regeneration but this involves serious off-target effects, including alterations in cell homeostasis and cancer. In this work, we have studied the use of zinc to trigger myogenic differentiation. We show that zinc promotes myoblast proliferation, differentiation and maturation of myofibres. We demonstrate that this process occurs through the PI3K/Akt pathway, via zinc stimulation of transporter Zip7. Depletion of zinc transporter Zip7 by RNA interference shows reduction of both PI3K/Akt signalling and a significant reduction of multinucleated myofibres and myotubes development. Moreover, we show that mature myofibres, obtained through stimulation with high concentrations of zinc, accumulate zinc and so we hypothesise their function as zinc reservoirs into the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayk Mnatsakanyan
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT) Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roser Sabater I Serra
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT) Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Patricia Rico
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT) Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, 46022, Spain.
| | - Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT) Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, 46022, Spain.
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, United Kingdom.
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24
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Sartorelli V, Puri PL. Shaping Gene Expression by Landscaping Chromatin Architecture: Lessons from a Master. Mol Cell 2018; 71:375-388. [PMID: 29887393 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery as a skeletal muscle-specific transcription factor able to reprogram somatic cells into differentiated myofibers, MyoD has provided an instructive model to understand how transcription factors regulate gene expression. Reciprocally, studies of other transcriptional regulators have provided testable hypotheses to further understand how MyoD activates transcription. Using MyoD as a reference, in this review, we discuss the similarities and differences in the regulatory mechanisms employed by tissue-specific transcription factors to access DNA and regulate gene expression by cooperatively shaping the chromatin landscape within the context of cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells & Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Zhang ZK, Li J, Guan D, Liang C, Zhuo Z, Liu J, Lu A, Zhang G, Zhang BT. A newly identified lncRNA MAR1 acts as a miR-487b sponge to promote skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:613-626. [PMID: 29512357 PMCID: PMC5989759 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle atrophy induced by either aging (sarcopenia) or mechanical unloading is associated with serious health consequences. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated as important regulators in numerous physiological and pathological processes. METHODS Microarray analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs in skeletal muscle between adult and aged mice. The most decreased lncRNA in aged skeletal muscle was identified. The C2C12 mouse myoblast cells were used to assess the biological function of the lncRNA in vitro. The target microRNA of lncRNA and the target protein of microRNA were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and validated in vitro. Furthermore, the biology function of the lncRNA in vivo was investigated by local overexpression or knockdown the lncRNA in skeletal muscle. The therapeutic effect of the lncRNA overexpression in age-related or mechanical unloading-induced muscle atrophy was also evaluated. RESULTS We identified a novel lncRNA (muscle anabolic regulator 1, MAR1) which was highly expressed in mice skeletal muscle and positively correlated with muscle differentiation and growth in vitro and in vivo. We predicted and validated that microRNA-487b (miR-487b) was a direct target of MAR1. We also predicted and validated that Wnt5a, an important regulator during myogenesis, was a target of miR-487b in C2C12 cells. Our findings further demonstrated that enforced MAR1 expression in myoblasts led to derepression of Wnt5a. Moreover, MAR1 promoted skeletal muscle mass/strength and Wnt5a protein level in mice. Enforced MAR1 expression in mice attenuated muscle atrophy induced by either aging or unloading. CONCLUSIONS The newly identified lncRNA MAR1 acts as a miR-487b sponge to regulate Wnt5a protein, resulting in promoting muscle differentiation and regeneration. MAR1 could be a novel therapeutic target for treating muscle atrophy induced by either aging or mechanical unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Kang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Daogang Guan
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zhenjian Zhuo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Bao-Ting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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26
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Huang Y, Wen H, Zhang M, Hu N, Si Y, Li S, He F. The DNA methylation status of MyoD and IGF-I genes are correlated with muscle growth during different developmental stages of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 219-220:33-43. [PMID: 29486246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Many genes related to muscle growth modulate myoblast proliferation and differentiation and promote muscle hypertrophy. MyoD is a myogenic determinant that contributes to myoblast determination, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) interacts with MyoD to regulate muscle hypertrophy and muscle mass. In this study, we aimed to assess DNA methylation and mRNA expression patterns of MyoD and IGF-I during different developmental stages of Japanese flounder, and to examine the relationship between MyoD and IGF-I gene. DNA and RNA were extracted from muscles, and DNA methylation of MyoD and IGF-I promoter and exons was detected by bisulfite sequencing. The relative expression of MyoD and IGF-I was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. IGF-I was measured by radioimmunoassay. Interestingly, the lowest expression of MyoD and IGF-I emerged at larva stage, and the mRNA expression was negatively associated with methylation. We hypothesized that many skeletal muscle were required to complete metamorphosis; thus, the expression levels of MyoD and IGF-I genes increased from larva stage and then decreased. The relative expression levels of MyoD and IGF-I exhibited similar patterns, suggesting that MyoD and IGF-I regulated muscle growth through combined effects. Changes in the concentrations of IGF-I hormone were similar to those of IGF-I gene expression. Our results the mechanism through which MyoD and IGF-I regulate muscle development and demonstrated that MyoD interacted with IGF-I to regulate muscle growth during different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haishen Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Meizhao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Nan Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yufeng Si
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Siping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Feng He
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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27
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HDAC4 regulates satellite cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting P21 and Sharp1 genes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3448. [PMID: 29472596 PMCID: PMC5823886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle exhibits a high regenerative capacity, mainly due to the ability of satellite cells to replicate and differentiate in response to appropriate stimuli. Epigenetic control is effective at different stages of this process. It has been shown that the chromatin-remodeling factor HDAC4 is able to regulate satellite cell proliferation and commitment. However, its molecular targets are still uncovered. To explain the signaling pathways regulated by HDAC4 in satellite cells, we generated tamoxifen-inducible mice with conditional inactivation of HDAC4 in Pax7+ cells (HDAC4 KO mice). We found that the proliferation and differentiation of HDAC4 KO satellite cells were compromised, although similar amounts of satellite cells were found in mice. Moreover, we found that the inhibition of HDAC4 in satellite cells was sufficient to block the differentiation process. By RNA-sequencing analysis we identified P21 and Sharp1 as HDAC4 target genes. Reducing the expression of these target genes in HDAC4 KO satellite cells, we also defined the molecular pathways regulated by HDAC4 in the epigenetic control of satellite cell expansion and fusion.
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28
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Imbriano C, Molinari S. Alternative Splicing of Transcription Factors Genes in Muscle Physiology and Pathology. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020107. [PMID: 29463057 PMCID: PMC5852603 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle formation is a multi-step process that is governed by complex networks of transcription factors. The regulation of their functions is in turn multifaceted, including several mechanisms, among them alternative splicing (AS) plays a primary role. On the other hand, altered AS has a role in the pathogenesis of numerous muscular pathologies. Despite these premises, the causal role played by the altered splicing pattern of transcripts encoding myogenic transcription factors in neuromuscular diseases has been neglected so far. In this review, we systematically investigate what has been described about the AS patterns of transcription factors both in the physiology of the skeletal muscle formation process and in neuromuscular diseases, in the hope that this may be useful in re-evaluating the potential role of altered splicing of transcription factors in such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Imbriano
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy.
| | - Susanna Molinari
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy.
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29
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Sumoylation of histone deacetylase 1 regulates MyoD signaling during myogenesis. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:e427. [PMID: 29328071 PMCID: PMC5799798 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sumoylation, the conjugation of a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein to a target, has diverse cellular effects. However, the functional roles of the SUMO modification during myogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that basal sumoylation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) enhances the deacetylation of MyoD in undifferentiated myoblasts, whereas further sumoylation of HDAC1 contributes to switching its binding partners from MyoD to Rb to induce myocyte differentiation. Differentiation in C2C12 skeletal myoblasts induced new immunoblot bands above HDAC1 that were gradually enhanced during differentiation. Using SUMO inhibitors and sumoylation assays, we showed that the upper band was caused by sumoylation of HDAC1 during differentiation. Basal deacetylase activity was not altered in the SUMO modification-resistant mutant HDAC1 K444/476R (HDAC1 2R). Either differentiation or transfection of SUMO1 increased HDAC1 activity that was attenuated in HDAC1 2R. Furthermore, HDAC1 2R failed to deacetylate MyoD. Binding of HDAC1 to MyoD was attenuated by K444/476R. Binding of HDAC1 to MyoD was gradually reduced after 2 days of differentiation. Transfection of SUMO1 induced dissociation of HDAC1 from MyoD but potentiated its binding to Rb. SUMO1 transfection further attenuated HDAC1-induced inhibition of muscle creatine kinase luciferase activity that was reversed in HDAC1 2R. HDAC1 2R failed to inhibit myogenesis and muscle gene expression. In conclusion, HDAC1 sumoylation plays a dual role in MyoD signaling: enhancement of HDAC1 deacetylation of MyoD in the basally sumoylated state of undifferentiated myoblasts and dissociation of HDAC1 from MyoD during myogenesis.
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30
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Byun SK, An TH, Son MJ, Lee DS, Kang HS, Lee EW, Han BS, Kim WK, Bae KH, Oh KJ, Lee SC. HDAC11 Inhibits Myoblast Differentiation through Repression of MyoD-Dependent Transcription. Mol Cells 2017; 40:667-676. [PMID: 28927261 PMCID: PMC5638774 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type II diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions. Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mechanisms that regulate key cellular processes. In this study, to elucidate the relationship between myogenic differentiation and protein lysine acetylation/methylation, we performed a PCR array of enzymes related to protein lysine acetylation/methylation during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Our results indicated that the expression pattern of HDAC11 was substantially increased during myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, ectopic expression of HDAC11 completely inhibited myoblast differentiation, concomitant with reduced expression of key myogenic transcription factors. However, the catalytically inactive mutant of HDAC11 (H142/143A) did not impede myoblast differentiation. In addition, wild-type HDAC11, but not the inactive HDAC11 mutant, suppressed MyoD-induced promoter activities of MEF2C and MYOG (Myogenin), and reduced histone acetylation near the E-boxes, the MyoD binding site, of the MEF2C and MYOG promoters. Collectively, our results indicate that HDAC11 would suppress myoblast differentiation via regulation of MyoD-dependent transcription. These findings suggest that HDAC11 is a novel critical target for controlling myoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyung Byun
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Tae Hyeon An
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Min Jeong Son
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Da Som Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Hyun Sup Kang
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Baek Soo Han
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
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31
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Loiben AM, Soueid-Baumgarten S, Kopyto RF, Bhattacharya D, Kim JC, Cosgrove BD. Data-Modeling Identifies Conflicting Signaling Axes Governing Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation Responses to Diverse Ligand Stimuli. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:433-450. [PMID: 31719871 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle tissue development and regeneration relies on the proliferation, maturation and fusion of muscle progenitor cells (myoblasts), which arise transiently from muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Following muscle damage, myoblasts proliferate and differentiate in response to temporally-varying inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix cues, which stimulate a shared network of intracellular signaling pathways. Here we present an integrated data-modeling approach to elucidate synergies and antagonisms among proliferation and differentiation signaling axes in myoblasts stimulated by regeneration-associated ligands. Methods We treated mouse primary myoblasts in culture with combinations of eight regeneration-associated growth factors and cytokines in mixtures that induced additive, synergistic, and antagonistic effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation responses. For these combinatorial stimuli, we measured the activation dynamics of seven signal transduction pathways using multiplexed phosphoprotein assays and scored proliferation and differentiation responses based on expression of myogenic commitment factors to assemble a cue-signaling-response data compendium. We interrogated the relationship between these signals and responses by partial least-squares (PLS) regression modeling. Results Partial least-squares data-modeling accurately predicted response outcomes in cross-validation on the training compendium (cumulative R 2 = 0.96). The PLS model highlighted signaling axes that distinctly govern myoblast proliferation (MEK-ERK, Stat3) and differentiation (JNK) in response to these combinatorial cues, and we confirmed these signal-response associations with small molecule perturbations. Unexpectedly, we observed that a negative feedback circuit involving the phosphatase DUSP6/MKP-3 auto-regulates MEK-ERK signaling in myoblasts. Conclusion This data-modeling approach identified conflicting signaling axes that underlie muscle progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Loiben
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | | | - Ruth F Kopyto
- 2Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Debadrita Bhattacharya
- 3Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Joseph C Kim
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Benjamin D Cosgrove
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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32
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Latella L, Dall'Agnese A, Boscolo FS, Nardoni C, Cosentino M, Lahm A, Sacco A, Puri PL. DNA damage signaling mediates the functional antagonism between replicative senescence and terminal muscle differentiation. Genes Dev 2017; 31:648-659. [PMID: 28446595 PMCID: PMC5411706 DOI: 10.1101/gad.293266.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecular determinants of muscle progenitor impairment to regenerate aged muscles are currently unclear. We show that, in a mouse model of replicative senescence, decline in muscle satellite cell-mediated regeneration coincides with activation of DNA damage response (DDR) and impaired ability to differentiate into myotubes. Inhibition of DDR restored satellite cell differentiation ability. Moreover, in replicative human senescent fibroblasts, DDR precluded MYOD-mediated activation of the myogenic program. A DDR-resistant MYOD mutant could overcome this barrier by resuming cell cycle progression. Likewise, DDR inhibition could also restore MYOD's ability to activate the myogenic program in human senescent fibroblasts. Of note, we found that cell cycle progression is necessary for the DDR-resistant MYOD mutant to reverse senescence-mediated inhibition of the myogenic program. These data provide the first evidence of DDR-mediated functional antagonism between senescence and MYOD-activated gene expression and indicate a previously unrecognized requirement of cell cycle progression for the activation of the myogenic program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Latella
- Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dall'Agnese
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Francesca Sesillo Boscolo
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Chiara Nardoni
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, 00133 Rome, Italy.,Pharmaceutical Development and Services, 00196 Roma, Italy
| | - Marianna Cosentino
- Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy.,Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Armin Lahm
- Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sacco
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Epigenetics and Regenerative Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy.,Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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33
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Roberts TC, Etxaniz U, Dall'Agnese A, Wu SY, Chiang CM, Brennan PE, Wood MJA, Puri PL. BRD3 and BRD4 BET Bromodomain Proteins Differentially Regulate Skeletal Myogenesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6153. [PMID: 28733670 PMCID: PMC5522382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation proceeds through a highly coordinated cascade of gene activation that necessitates epigenomic changes in chromatin structure. Using a screen of small molecule epigenetic probes we identified three compounds which inhibited myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts; (+)-JQ1, PFI-1, and Bromosporine. These molecules target Bromodomain and Extra Terminal domain (BET) proteins, which are epigenetic readers of acetylated histone lysine tail residues. BETi-mediated anti-myogenic effects were also observed in a model of MYOD1-mediated myogenic conversion of human fibroblasts, and in primary mouse and human myoblasts. All three BET proteins BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4 exhibited distinct and dynamic patterns of protein expression over the course of differentiation without concomitant changes in mRNA levels, suggesting that BET proteins are regulated at the post-transcriptional level. Specific BET protein knockdown by RNA interference revealed that BRD4 was required for myogenic differentiation, whereas BRD3 down-regulation resulted in enhanced myogenic differentiation. ChIP experiments revealed a preferential binding of BRD4 to the Myog promoter during C2C12 myoblast differentiation, co-incident with increased levels of H3K27 acetylation. These results have identified an essential role for BET proteins in the regulation of skeletal myogenesis, and assign distinct functions to BRD3 and BRD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Roberts
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK.
| | - Usue Etxaniz
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alessandra Dall'Agnese
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Shwu-Yuan Wu
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Paul E Brennan
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Matthew J A Wood
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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Muscle-relevant genes marked by stable H3K4me2/3 profiles and enriched MyoD binding during myogenic differentiation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179464. [PMID: 28609469 PMCID: PMC5469484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of histones play a key role in the regulation of gene expression during development and differentiation. Numerous studies have shown the dynamics of combinatorial regulation by transcription factors and histone modifications, in the sense that different combinations lead to distinct expression outcomes. Here, we investigated gene regulation by stable enrichment patterns of histone marks H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 in combination with the chromatin binding of the muscle tissue-specific transcription factor MyoD during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Using k-means clustering, we found that specific combinations of H3K4me2/3 profiles over and towards the gene body impact on gene expression and marks a subset of genes important for muscle development and differentiation. By further analysis, we found that the muscle key regulator MyoD was significantly enriched on this subset of genes and played a repressive role during myogenic differentiation. Among these genes, we identified the pluripotency gene Patz1, which is repressed during myogenic differentiation through direct binding of MyoD to promoter elements. These results point to the importance of integrating histone modifications and MyoD chromatin binding for coordinated gene activation and repression during myogenic differentiation.
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35
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Long non-coding RNA Linc-RAM enhances myogenic differentiation by interacting with MyoD. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14016. [PMID: 28091529 PMCID: PMC5241866 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of diverse biological processes. Here we report on functional identification and characterization of a novel long intergenic non-coding RNA with MyoD-regulated and skeletal muscle-restricted expression that promotes the activation of the myogenic program, and is therefore termed Linc-RAM (Linc-RNA Activator of Myogenesis). Linc-RAM is transcribed from an intergenic region of myogenic cells and its expression is upregulated during myogenesis. Notably, in vivo functional studies show that Linc-RAM knockout mice display impaired muscle regeneration due to the differentiation defect of satellite cells. Mechanistically, Linc-RAM regulates expression of myogenic genes by directly binding MyoD, which in turn promotes the assembly of the MyoD–Baf60c–Brg1 complex on the regulatory elements of target genes. Collectively, our findings reveal the functional role and molecular mechanism of a lineage-specific Linc-RAM as a regulatory lncRNA required for tissues-specific chromatin remodelling and gene expression.
Long non-coding RNAs are important regulators of many diverse biological processes. Here the authors describe Linc-RAM, which regulates myogenesis by binding MyoD and promoting the assembly of the MyoD–Baf60c–Brg1 complex at target genes.
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Toto PC, Puri PL, Albini S. SWI/SNF-directed stem cell lineage specification: dynamic composition regulates specific stages of skeletal myogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3887-96. [PMID: 27207468 PMCID: PMC5158306 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes are key regulators of the epigenetic modifications that determine whether stem cells maintain pluripotency or commit toward specific lineages through development and during postnatal life. Dynamic combinatorial assembly of multiple variants of SWI/SNF subunits is emerging as the major determinant of the functional versatility of SWI/SNF. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the structural and functional properties of the alternative SWI/SNF complexes that direct stem cell fate toward skeletal muscle lineage and control distinct stages of skeletal myogenesis. In particular, we will refer to recent evidence pointing to the essential role of two SWI/SNF components not expressed in embryonic stem cells-the catalytic subunit BRM and the structural component BAF60C-whose induction in muscle progenitors coincides with the expansion of their transcriptional repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Coutinho Toto
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10905 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10905 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sonia Albini
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10905 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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Segalés J, Perdiguero E, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Regulation of Muscle Stem Cell Functions: A Focus on the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:91. [PMID: 27626031 PMCID: PMC5003838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of skeletal muscle fibers (myogenesis) during development and after tissue injury in the adult constitutes an excellent paradigm to investigate the mechanisms whereby environmental cues control gene expression programs in muscle stem cells (satellite cells) by acting on transcriptional and epigenetic effectors. Here we will review the molecular mechanisms implicated in the transition of satellite cells throughout the distinct myogenic stages (i.e., activation from quiescence, proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal). We will also discuss recent findings on the causes underlying satellite cell functional decline with aging. In particular, our review will focus on the epigenetic changes underlying fate decisions and on how the p38 MAPK signaling pathway integrates the environmental signals at the chromatin to build up satellite cell adaptive responses during the process of muscle regeneration, and how these responses are altered in aging. A better comprehension of the signaling pathways connecting external and intrinsic factors will illuminate the path for improving muscle regeneration in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Segalés
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra University Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra University Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra UniversityBarcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)Barcelona, Spain; Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones CardiovascularesMadrid, Spain
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Chatterjee B, Wolff DW, Jothi M, Mal M, Mal AK. p38α MAPK disables KMT1A-mediated repression of myogenic differentiation program. Skelet Muscle 2016; 6:28. [PMID: 27551368 PMCID: PMC4993004 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Master transcription factor MyoD can initiate the entire myogenic gene expression program which differentiates proliferating myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes. We previously demonstrated that histone methyltransferase KMT1A associates with and inhibits MyoD in proliferating myoblasts, and must be removed to allow differentiation to proceed. It is known that pro-myogenic signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and p38α MAPK play critical roles in enforcing associations between MyoD and transcriptional activators, while removing repressors. However, the mechanism which displaces KMT1A from MyoD, and the signals responsible, remain unknown. METHODS To investigate the role of p38α on MyoD-mediated differentiation, we utilized C2C12 myoblast cells as an in vitro model. p38α activity was either augmented via overexpression of a constitutively active upstream kinase or blocked via lentiviral delivery of a specific p38α shRNA or treatment with p38α/β inhibitor SB203580. Overexpression of KMT1A in these cells via lentiviral delivery was also used as a system wherein terminal differentiation is impeded by high levels of KMT1A. RESULTS The association of KMT1A and MyoD persisted, and differentiation was blocked in C2C12 myoblasts specifically after pharmacologic or genetic blockade of p38α. Conversely, forced activation of p38α was sufficient to activate MyoD and overcome the differentiation blockade in KMT1A-overexpressing C2C12 cells. Consistent with this finding, KMT1A phosphorylation during C2C12 differentiation correlated strongly with the activation of p38α. This phosphorylation was prevented by the inhibition of p38α. Biochemical studies further revealed that KMT1A can be a direct substrate for p38α. Importantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies show that the removal of KMT1A-mediated transcription repressive histone tri-methylation (H3K9me3) from the promoter of the Myogenin gene, a critical regulator of muscle differentiation, is dependent on p38α activity in C2C12 cells. Elevated p38α activity was also sufficient to remove this repressive H3K9me3 mark. Moreover, ChIP studies from C2C12 cells show that p38α activity is necessary and sufficient to establish active H3K9 acetylation on the Myogenin promoter. CONCLUSIONS Activation of p38α displaces KMT1A from MyoD to initiate myogenic gene expression upon induction of myoblasts differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Chatterjee
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, CGP-L3-319, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA ; Present Address: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - David W Wolff
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, CGP-L3-319, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Mathivanan Jothi
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, CGP-L3-319, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA ; Present Address: Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046 Tamilnadu India
| | - Munmun Mal
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, CGP-L3-319, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Asoke K Mal
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, CGP-L3-319, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
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Yoo M, Lee SJ, Kim YK, Seo DW, Baek NI, Ryu JH, Kang JS, Bae GU. Dehydrocorydaline promotes myogenic differentiation via p38 MAPK activation. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3029-36. [PMID: 27573543 PMCID: PMC5042734 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a coordinated process that involves proliferation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. Activation of MyoD is a key event in myogenic differentiation, which is regulated by p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPK). In a screen of natural compounds for the enhancement of MyoD activity, dehydrocorydaline (DHC) from the Corydalis tuber was identified. Treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with DHC increased the expression levels of muscle‑specific proteins, including MyoD, myogenin and myosin heavy chain. In addition, C2C12 myoblasts exhibited enhanced multinucleated myotube formation without any cytotoxicity. Treatment with DHC elevated p38 MAPK activation and the interaction of MyoD with an E protein, which is likely to result in activation of MyoD and promotion of myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, defects in differentiation‑induced p38 MAPK activation and myoblast differentiation induced by depletion of the promyogenic receptor protein Cdo in C2C12 myoblasts were restored by DHC treatment. In conclusion, these results indicated that DHC stimulates p38 MAPK activation, which can enhance heterodimerization of MyoD and E proteins, thus resulting in MyoD activation and myoblast differentiation. These findings suggested that DHC may be considered a potential therapeutic compound for the improvement of muscle stem cell regenerative capacity in injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Yoo
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kee Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 330‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicine, The Graduate School of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440‑746, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140‑742, Republic of Korea
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40
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Cenik BK, Liu N, Chen B, Bezprozvannaya S, Olson EN, Bassel-Duby R. Myocardin-related transcription factors are required for skeletal muscle development. Development 2016; 143:2853-61. [PMID: 27385017 PMCID: PMC5004908 DOI: 10.1242/dev.135855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) play a central role in the regulation of actin expression and cytoskeletal dynamics. Stimuli that promote actin polymerization allow for shuttling of MRTFs to the nucleus where they activate serum response factor (SRF), a regulator of actin and other cytoskeletal protein genes. SRF is an essential regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation and numerous components of the muscle sarcomere, but the potential involvement of MRTFs in skeletal muscle development has not been examined. We explored the role of MRTFs in muscle development in vivo by generating mutant mice harboring a skeletal muscle-specific deletion of MRTF-B and a global deletion of MRTF-A. These double knockout (dKO) mice were able to form sarcomeres during embryogenesis. However, the sarcomeres were abnormally small and disorganized, causing skeletal muscle hypoplasia and perinatal lethality. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated dramatic dysregulation of actin genes in MRTF dKO mice, highlighting the importance of MRTFs in actin cycling and myofibrillogenesis. MRTFs were also shown to be necessary for the survival of skeletal myoblasts and for the efficient formation of intact myotubes. Our findings reveal a central role for MRTFs in sarcomere formation during skeletal muscle development and point to the potential involvement of these transcriptional co-activators in skeletal myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bercin K Cenik
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Beibei Chen
- Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Svetlana Bezprozvannaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
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41
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Zhu H, Xiao F, Wang G, Wei X, Jiang L, Chen Y, Zhu L, Wang H, Diao Y, Wang H, Ip N, Cheung T, Wu Z. STAT3 Regulates Self-Renewal of Adult Muscle Satellite Cells during Injury-Induced Muscle Regeneration. Cell Rep 2016; 16:2102-2115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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42
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Unexpected Distinct Roles of the Related Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferases G9a and G9a-Like Protein in Myoblasts. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:2329-2343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Boyarchuk E, Robin P, Fritsch L, Joliot V, Ait-Si-Ali S. Identification of MyoD Interactome Using Tandem Affinity Purification Coupled to Mass Spectrometry. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27286495 DOI: 10.3791/53924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle terminal differentiation starts with the commitment of pluripotent mesodermal precursor cells to myoblasts. These cells have still the ability to proliferate or they can differentiate and fuse into multinucleated myotubes, which maturate further to form myofibers. Skeletal muscle terminal differentiation is orchestrated by the coordinated action of various transcription factors, in particular the members of the Muscle Regulatory Factors or MRFs (MyoD, Myogenin, Myf5, and MRF4), also called the myogenic bHLH transcription factors family. These factors cooperate with chromatin-remodeling complexes within elaborate transcriptional regulatory network to achieve skeletal myogenesis. In this, MyoD is considered the master myogenic transcription factor in triggering muscle terminal differentiation. This notion is strengthened by the ability of MyoD to convert non-muscle cells into skeletal muscle cells. Here we describe an approach used to identify MyoD protein partners in an exhaustive manner in order to elucidate the different factors involved in skeletal muscle terminal differentiation. The long-term aim is to understand the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle genes, i.e., MyoD targets. MyoD partners are identified by using Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP-Tag) from a heterologous system coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) characterization, followed by validation of the role of relevant partners during skeletal muscle terminal differentiation. Aberrant forms of myogenic factors, or their aberrant regulation, are associated with a number of muscle disorders: congenital myasthenia, myotonic dystrophy, rhabdomyosarcoma and defects in muscle regeneration. As such, myogenic factors provide a pool of potential therapeutic targets in muscle disorders, both with regard to mechanisms that cause disease itself and regenerative mechanisms that can improve disease treatment. Thus, the detailed understanding of the intermolecular interactions and the genetic programs controlled by the myogenic factors is essential for the rational design of efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Boyarchuk
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | - Philippe Robin
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | - Lauriane Fritsch
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité
| | - Véronique Joliot
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité;
| | - Slimane Ait-Si-Ali
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité;
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44
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Lee SJ, Yoo M, Go GY, Kim DH, Choi H, Leem YE, Kim YK, Seo DW, Ryu JH, Kang JS, Bae GU. Bakuchiol augments MyoD activation leading to enhanced myoblast differentiation. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 248:60-7. [PMID: 26902638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myoblast differentiation is fundamental to skeletal muscle development and regeneration after injury and defects in this process are implicated in muscle atrophy associated with aging or pathological conditions. MyoD family transcription factors function as mater regulators in induction of muscle-specific genes during myoblast differentiation. We have identified bakuchiol, a prenylated phenolic monoterpene, as an inducer of MyoD-mediated transcription and myogenic differentiation. C2C12 myoblasts treated with bakuchiol exhibit enhanced muscle-specific gene expression and myotube formation. A key promyogenic kinase p38MAPK is activated dramatically by bakuchiol which in turn induced the formation of MyoD/E protein active transcription complexes. Consistently, the recruitment of MyoD and Baf60c to the Myogenin promoter is enhanced in bakuchiol-treated myoblasts. Furthermore, bakuchiol rescues defective p38MAPK activation and myogenic differentiation caused by Cdo-depletion or in RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Taken together, these results indicate that bakuchiol enhances myogenic differentiation through p38MAPK and MyoD activation. Thus bakuchiol can be developed into a potential agent to improve muscular regeneration and repair to treat muscular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Yoo
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Yeon Go
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hee Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmo Choi
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Leem
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kee Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
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Cefalù S, Lena AM, Vojtesek B, Musarò A, Rossi A, Melino G, Candi E. TAp63gamma is required for the late stages of myogenesis. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:894-901. [PMID: 25790093 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.988021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 family members, p63 and p73, play a role in controlling early stage of myogenic differentiation. We demonstrated that TAp63gamma, unlike the other p53 family members, is markedly up-regulated during myogenic differentiation in murine C2C7 cell line. We also found that myotubes formation was inhibited upon TAp63gamma knock-down, as also indicated by atrophyic myotubes and reduction of myoblasts fusion index. Analysis of TAp63gamma-dependend transcripts identified several target genes involved in skeletal muscle contractility energy metabolism, myogenesis and skeletal muscle autocrine signaling. These results indicate that TAp63gamma is a late marker of myogenic differentiation and, by controlling different sub-sets of target genes, it possibly contributes to muscle growth, remodeling, functional differentiation and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cefalù
- a Istututo Dermopatico dell'Immacolata ; IDI-IRCCS ; Rome , Italy
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46
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Rico P, Rodrigo-Navarro A, Salmerón-Sánchez M. Borax-Loaded PLLA for Promotion of Myogenic Differentiation. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:2662-72. [PMID: 26239605 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron is an essential metalloid, which plays a key role in plant and animal metabolisms. It has been reported that boron is involved in bone mineralization, has some uses in synthetic chemistry, and its potential has been only recently exploited in medicinal chemistry. However, in the area of tissue engineering, the use of boron is limited to works involving certain bioactive glasses. In this study, we engineer poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) substrates with sustained release of boron. Then, we analyze for the first time the uniqueness effects of boron in cell differentiation using murine C2C12 myoblasts and discuss a potential mechanism of action in cooperation with Ca(2+). Our results demonstrate that borax-loaded materials strongly enhance myotube formation at initial steps of myogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Ca(2+) plays an essential role in combination with borax as chelating or blocking Ca(2+) entry into the cell leads to a detrimental effect on myoblast differentiation observed on borax-loaded materials. This research identifies borax-loaded materials to trigger differentiation mechanisms and it establishes a new tool to engineer microenvironments with applications in regenerative medicine for muscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rico
- 1 Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia, Spain .,2 Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering , Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
| | - Aleixandre Rodrigo-Navarro
- 1 Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia, Spain .,3 Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez
- 3 Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, United Kingdom
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47
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Consalvi S, Saccone V, Mozzetta C. Histone deacetylase inhibitors: a potential epigenetic treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Epigenomics 2015; 6:547-60. [PMID: 25431946 DOI: 10.2217/epi.14.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a life-threatening genetic disease that currently has no available cure. A number of pharmacological strategies that aim to target events downstream of the genetic defect are currently under clinical investigation, and some of these are outlined in this report. In particular, we focus on the ability of histone deacetylase inhibitors to promote muscle regeneration and prevent the fibro-adipogenic degeneration of dystrophic mice. We describe the rationale behind the translation of histone deacetylase inhibitors into a clinical approach, which inspired the first clinical trial with an epigenetic drug as a potential therapeutic option for DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Consalvi
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
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48
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Albini S, Coutinho Toto P, Dall'Agnese A, Malecova B, Cenciarelli C, Felsani A, Caruso M, Bultman SJ, Puri PL. Brahma is required for cell cycle arrest and late muscle gene expression during skeletal myogenesis. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:1037-50. [PMID: 26136374 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the two catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex--Brahma (Brm) and Brg1--are almost invariably co-expressed, their mutually exclusive incorporation into distinct SWI/SNF complexes predicts that Brg1- and Brm-based SWI/SNF complexes execute specific functions. Here, we show that Brg1 and Brm have distinct functions at discrete stages of muscle differentiation. While Brg1 is required for the activation of muscle gene transcription at early stages of differentiation, Brm is required for Ccnd1 repression and cell cycle arrest prior to the activation of muscle genes. Ccnd1 knockdown rescues the ability to exit the cell cycle in Brm-deficient myoblasts, but does not recover terminal differentiation, revealing a previously unrecognized role of Brm in the activation of late muscle gene expression independent from the control of cell cycle. Consistently, Brm null mice displayed impaired muscle regeneration after injury, with aberrant proliferation of satellite cells and delayed formation of new myofibers. These data reveal stage-specific roles of Brm during skeletal myogenesis, via formation of repressive and activatory SWI/SNF complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Albini
- Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Barbora Malecova
- Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Armando Felsani
- CNR-Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizia Caruso
- CNR-Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Scott J Bultman
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA, USA IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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Zhao C, Carrillo JA, Tian F, Zan L, Updike SM, Zhao K, Zhan F, Song J. Genome-Wide H3K4me3 Analysis in Angus Cattle with Divergent Tenderness. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115358. [PMID: 26086782 PMCID: PMC4473007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenderness is one of the most important properties of meat quality, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. As an intensively studied epigenetic marker, histone methylation, occurring on arginine and lysine residues, has pivotal regulatory functions on gene expression. To examine whether histone methylation involves in beef tenderness variation, we analyzed the transcriptome and H3K4me3 enrichment profiles of muscle strips obtained from the longissimus dorsi (LD) of Angus steers previously classify to the tender or tough group. We first plotted a global bovine H3K4me3 map on chromosomes and called peak-enriched regions and genes. We found that majorities of H3K4me3 on genes were occupying the first intron and intergenic regions and its maps displayed similar patterns in tender and tough groups, with high H3K4me3 enrichment surrounding the transcription start site (TSS). We also explored the relationship of H3K4me3 and gene expression. The results showed that H3K4me3 enrichment is highly positively correlated with gene expression across the whole genome. Cluster analysis results confirmed the relationship of H3K4me3 enrichment and gene expression. By using a pathway-based approach in genes with H3K4me3 enrichment in promoter regions from the tender cluster, we revealed that those genes involved in the development of different tissues-connective tissue, skeletal and muscular system and functional tissues-; while in tough group those genes engaged in cell death, lipid metabolism and small molecule biochemistry. The results from this study provide a deep insight into understanding of the mechanisms of epigenetic regulations in meat quality and beef tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - José A. Carrillo
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Scott M. Updike
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Fei Zhan
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Department of Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mozzetta C, Pontis J, Ait-Si-Ali S. Functional Crosstalk Between Lysine Methyltransferases on Histone Substrates: The Case of G9A/GLP and Polycomb Repressive Complex 2. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1365-81. [PMID: 25365549 PMCID: PMC4432786 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Methylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27) are two epigenetic modifications that have been linked to several crucial biological processes, among which are transcriptional silencing and cell differentiation. RECENT ADVANCES Deposition of these marks is catalyzed by H3K9 lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) and polycomb repressive complex 2, respectively. Increasing evidence is emerging in favor of a functional crosstalk between these two major KMT families. CRITICAL ISSUES Here, we review the current knowledge on the mechanisms of action and function of these enzymes, with particular emphasis on their interplay in the regulation of chromatin states and biological processes. We outline their crucial roles played in tissue homeostasis, by controlling the fate of embryonic and tissue-specific stem cells, highlighting how their deregulation is often linked to the emergence of a number of malignancies and neurological disorders. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Histone methyltransferases are starting to be tested as drug targets. A new generation of highly selective chemical inhibitors is starting to emerge. These hold great promise for a rapid translation of targeting epigenetic drugs into clinical practice for a number of aggressive cancers and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mozzetta
- Laboratoire Epigénétique et Destin Cellulaire, UMR7216, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Université Paris Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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