1
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Kartal S, Rogez G, Robert J, Heinrich B, Boudalis A. A magnetocaloric glass from an ionic-liquid gadolinium complex. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200213. [PMID: 35441760 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
[Gd 5 (L) 16 (H 2 O) 8 ](Tf 2 N) 15 was obtained from reaction of Gd 2 O 3 with 1-carboxymethyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride (LHCl). The material was found to be an ionic liquid that freezes to glassy state on cooling to -30°C. Variable-temperature magnetic studies reveal the presence of weak magnetic intramolecular interactions in the glass. Isothermal variable-field magnetization demonstrates a magnetocaloric effect (MCE), which is the first finding of such an effect in a molecular glass. This MCE explainable by an uncoupled representation, with a magnetic entropy change of -11.36 J K -1 kg -1 at 1.8 K for a 0-7 T magnetic field change, and with a refrigerant capacity of 125.9 J kg -1 , in the 1.8-50 K interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kartal
- Université de Strasbourg: Universite de Strasbourg, UMR7177: Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, FRANCE
| | - Guillaume Rogez
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, FRANCE
| | - Jérôme Robert
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, FRANCE
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS: Institut de physique et chimie des materiaux de Strasbourg, FRANCE
| | - Athanassios Boudalis
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, F-67081, 67081, Strasbourg, FRANCE
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2
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Suleymanova AF, Yakovleva YA, Eltsov OS, Lantushenko AO, Evstigneev MP, Donnio B, Heinrich B, Kozhevnikov VN. Comparative analysis of self-aggregation of liquid crystalline Pt(II) complexes in solution and in neat films. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Lehmann M, Hecht M, Herbst S, Cui K, Würthner F. Unfolding multi-stranded perylene bisimide LC columns - a mesogen design for efficient nanoscale multilayer self-assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14015-14018. [PMID: 33095218 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mesogen tethered, twofold bay-substituted perylene bisimide (PBI) is found to generate a columnar phase, which unfolds and gradually transforms to a completely nanosegregated multilayer columnar-lamellar liquid crystal. The structure is based on the formation of bundles of H-bonded PBI strands in the central layer. This design opens the way to new complex multifunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Lehmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Herbst
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kang Cui
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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4
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Singhania A, Dutta M, Saha S, Sahoo P, Bora B, Ghosh S, Fujita D, Bandyopadhyay A. Speedy one-pot electrochemical synthesis of giant octahedrons from in situ generated pyrrolidinyl PAMAM dendrimer. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9140-9146. [PMID: 32926056 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical synthesis via a radical generation pathway is described here for the generation of a quaternary megamer structure from secondary dendrimers. The reaction is rapid and completes in <5 min. We have used lower/higher generation poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) dendrimers with carboxylic acid groups at the terminals. A precise electrocatalytic reaction at >3.5 V activates the carboxylic groups to undergo anodic oxidation (-e-) and produce radical carboxylate anions on the dendrimer surface. The reaction further goes through a decarboxylative elimination. Successive self-assembly creates billions of polydispersed and extremely stable ∼500 nm octahedron nanostructures, which we failed to destroy even by using a 20 kV electron beam. This is a new route for the speedy synthesis of important futuristic materials of well-defined shape. It has applications in building designer organic crystals for solar cells, organic electronics, rapid protein gelation, rapid protein crystallization, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Singhania
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam-785006, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Mrinal Dutta
- PV Metrology Group, Advanced Materials Devices and Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi-110012, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NPL Campus, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Supriya Saha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India and Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam-785006, India
| | - Pathik Sahoo
- International Center for Materials and Nanoarchitectronics (MANA) and Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization (RCAMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Bharati Bora
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam-785006, India.
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam-785006, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Daisuke Fujita
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization (RCAMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Anirban Bandyopadhyay
- International Center for Materials and Nanoarchitectronics (MANA) and Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization (RCAMC), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Japan
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5
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Islam SU, Shehzad A, Ahmed MB, Lee YS. Intranasal Delivery of Nanoformulations: A Potential Way of Treatment for Neurological Disorders. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081929. [PMID: 32326318 PMCID: PMC7221820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the global prevalence of neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, glioblastoma, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis is steadily increasing, effective delivery of drug molecules in therapeutic quantities to the central nervous system (CNS) is still lacking. The blood brain barrier (BBB) is the major obstacle for the entry of drugs into the brain, as it comprises a tight layer of endothelial cells surrounded by astrocyte foot processes that limit drugs’ entry. In recent times, intranasal drug delivery has emerged as a reliable method to bypass the BBB and treat neurological diseases. The intranasal route for drug delivery to the brain with both solution and particulate formulations has been demonstrated repeatedly in preclinical models, including in human trials. The key features determining the efficacy of drug delivery via the intranasal route include delivery to the olfactory area of the nares, a longer retention time at the nasal mucosal surface, enhanced penetration of the drugs through the nasal epithelia, and reduced drug metabolism in the nasal cavity. This review describes important neurological disorders, challenges in drug delivery to the disordered CNS, and new nasal delivery techniques designed to overcome these challenges and facilitate more efficient and targeted drug delivery. The potential for treatment possibilities with intranasal transfer of drugs will increase with the development of more effective formulations and delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Ul Islam
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Bilal Ahmed
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Young Sup Lee
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.U.I.); (M.B.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-6353; Fax: +82-53-943-2762
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6
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Substituted Azolium Disposition: Examining the Effects of Alkyl Placement on Thermal Properties. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe the thermal phase characteristics of a series of 4,5-bis(n-alkyl)azolium salts that were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized-light optical microscopy (POM), and synchrotron-based small- to wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS) measurements. Key results were obtained for 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-bis(n-undecyl)imidazolium iodide (1-11), 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-bis(n-pentadecyl)- imidazolium iodide (1-15), and 1,2,3-trimethyl-4,5-bis(n-pentadecyl)imidazolium iodide (2), which were found to adopt enantiotropic smectic A mesophases. Liquid-crystalline mesophases were not observed for 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-bis(n-heptyl)imidazolium iodide (1-7), 3-methyl-4,5-bis(n-penta-decyl)thiazolium iodide (3), and 2-amino-4,5-bis(n-pentadecyl)imidazolium chloride (4). Installing substituents in the 4- and 5-positions of the imidazolium salts appears to increase melting points while lowering clearing points when compared to data reported for 1,3-disubstituted analogues.
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7
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Park G, Goossens K, Shin TJ, Bielawski CW. Dicyanamide Salts that Adopt Smectic, Columnar, or Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid-Crystalline Mesophases. Chemistry 2018; 24:6399-6411. [PMID: 29446859 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although dicyanamide (i.e., [N(CN)2 ]- ) has been commonly used to obtain low-viscosity, halogen-free, room-temperature ionic liquids, liquid-crystalline salts containing such anions have remained virtually unexplored. Here we report a series of amphiphilic dicyanamide salts that, depending on their structures and compositions, adopt smectic, columnar, or bicontinuous cubic thermotropic liquid-crystalline mesophases, even at room temperature in some cases. Their thermal properties were explored by polarized light optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (including evolved gas analysis), and variable-temperature synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Comparison of the thermal phase characteristics of these new liquid-crystalline salts featuring "V-shaped" [N(CN)2 ]- anions with those of structural analogues containing [SCN]- , [BF4 ]- , [PF6 ]- , or [CF3 SO3 ]- anions indicated that not only the size of the counterion but also its shape should be considered in the development of mesomorphic salts. Collectively, these discoveries may be expected to facilitate the design of thermotropic ionic liquid crystals that form inverted-type bicontinuous cubic and other sophisticated liquid-crystalline phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geonhui Park
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Karel Goossens
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) and School of Natural Science, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Energy Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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8
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Gainar A, Tzeng MC, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Bruce DW. Incompatibility-Driven Self-Organization in Polycatenar Liquid Crystals Bearing Both Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Chains. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8817-8828. [PMID: 28829604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and liquid crystal properties are reported for tri- and tetra-catenar mesogens in which both hydrocarbon and semiperfluorocarbon chains have been incorporated. In the tricatenar mesogens, the lamellar spacing in the smectic C phase of the all-hydrocarbon mesogen almost doubles when the isolated hydrocarbon chain is replaced by a semiperfluorinated chain on account of the localized segregation in different sublayers between the two chain types. In the tetracatenar materials, the replacement of at least one hydrocarbon chain by semiperfluorocarbon chains is sufficient to promote columnar phase formation, but when the molecule has two hydrocarbon chains at one end and two semiperfluorocarbon chains at the other, the requirement for localized phase segregation leads to the formation of a rectangular phase with very large lattice parameters. The juxtaposition of terminal chains of different nature within the same molecular structure thus leads to a reduction in mesophase symmetry and the emergence of more complex supramolecular organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gainar
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Mei-Chun Tzeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7504) , 23 rue du Loess BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7504) , 23 rue du Loess BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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9
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Romero J, Barberá J, Blesa MJ, Concellón A, Romero P, Serrano JL, Marcos M. Liquid Crystal Organization of Calix[4]arene-Appended Schiff Bases and Recognition towards Zn2+. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Romero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Araclon Biotech S.L.; Vía Hispanidad 21 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Joaquín Barberá
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - María-Jesús Blesa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Alberto Concellón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Pilar Romero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - José Luis Serrano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón; Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Mercedes Marcos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón-Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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10
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Xiao Y, Su X, Sosa-Vargas L, Lacaze E, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Kreher D, Mathevet F, Attias AJ. Chemical engineering of donor–acceptor liquid crystalline dyads and triads for the controlled nanostructuration of organic semiconductors. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Toth K, Nugay N, Kennedy JP. Polyisobutylene-based polyurethanes: VII. structure/property investigations for medical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalman Toth
- Polymer Science Department; the University of Akron; Akron Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Nihan Nugay
- Chemistry Department; Bogazici University; 34342, Bebek, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Joseph P. Kennedy
- Polymer Science Department; the University of Akron; Akron Ohio 44325-3909
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12
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Jishkariani D, Diroll BT, Cargnello M, Klein DR, Hough LA, Murray CB, Donnio B. Dendron-Mediated Engineering of Interparticle Separation and Self-Assembly in Dendronized Gold Nanoparticles Superlattices. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10728-34. [PMID: 26258660 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of nanoparticles into designed structures with controlled interparticle separations is of crucial importance for the engineering of new materials with tunable functions and for the subsequent bottom-up fabrication of functional devices. In this study, a series of lipophilic, highly flexible, disulfide dendritic wedges (generations 0-4), based on 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, was designed to bind Au nanoparticles with a thiolate bond. By controlling the solvent evaporation rate, the corresponding dendron-capped Au hybrids were found to self-organize into hexagonal close-packed (hcp) superlattices. The interparticular spacing was progressively varied from 2.2 to 6.3 nm with increasing dendritic generation, covering a range that is intermediate between commercial ligands and DNA-based ligand shells. Dual mixtures made from some of these dendronized hybrids (i.e., same inner core size but different dendritic covering) yielded binary superlattice structures of unprecedented single inorganic components, which are isostructural with NaZn13 and CaCu5 crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Jishkariani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS), UMI 3254, CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania, CRTB , 350 George Patterson Boulevard, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, United States
| | - Benjamin T Diroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matteo Cargnello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dahlia R Klein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lawrence A Hough
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS), UMI 3254, CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania, CRTB , 350 George Patterson Boulevard, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS), UMI 3254, CNRS-Solvay-University of Pennsylvania, CRTB , 350 George Patterson Boulevard, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, United States.,Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, BP43, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
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13
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Picco AS, Knoll W, Ceolín M, Azzaroni O. Mesophase Transformation in Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polymers Induced by Transition Metal Ion Complexation. Creating Well-Defined Metallo-Supramolecular Assemblies from "Ill-Defined" Building Blocks. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:94-100. [PMID: 35596380 DOI: 10.1021/mz500688r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-organized metallo-supramolecular heterostructures have potential applications that include molecular electronics, photovoltaics, and magnetic devices, among other examples. The main challenge that scientists typically face when designing advanced supramolecular materials is to achieve structurally defined assemblies by resolving conflicting demands on the topological and/or chemical features of the constituting building blocks. Accordingly, the formation of well-defined metallo-supramolecular arrays using ill-defined, highly polydisperse, self-assemblable starting compounds marks a profound departure from traditional supramolecular paradigms. The present work describes the first observation of spontaneous mesophase transformation of well-defined metallo-supramolecular assemblies in solution as a result of the complexation of transition metal ions into the ionophilic domains of highly branched unimolecular micelles constituted of N-acylated hyperbranched polyethylenimine. Experimental results based on a combination of different synchrotron-based techniques provide unprecedented experimental evidence revealing that ion-induced self-assembly of amphiphilic hyperbranched polymers can be used to achieve highly ordered metallo-supramolecular structures not only in solution but also on solid surfaces. We believe that this emerging conceptual framework can open extremely interesting new synthetic and technological opportunities in the area of self-assembly of well-defined metallo-supramolecular architectures obtained from building blocks with poor structural regularity but easily provided in large quantities by simple and inexpensive preparative chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín S. Picco
- Instituto de Investigaciones
Fisicoquímicas
Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CC 16 − Suc. 4, 1900 La
Plata, Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Donau-City-Strasse
1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcelo Ceolín
- Instituto de Investigaciones
Fisicoquímicas
Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CC 16 − Suc. 4, 1900 La
Plata, Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones
Fisicoquímicas
Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CC 16 − Suc. 4, 1900 La
Plata, Argentina
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14
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Smirnova AI, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Bruce DW. The influence of lateral fluorination and cyanation on the mesomorphism of polycatenar mesogens and the nature of the SmC phase therein. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several series of tetracatenar mesogens having different lateral substituents (–F, –CN, –CF3) on the central ring have been synthesised and their mesomorphism investigated by polarising microscopy, DSC and small-angle X-ray scattering methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina I. Smirnova
- Department of Chemistry
- University of York
- Heslington
- UK
- Nanomaterials Research Institute
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7504)
- 67034 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7504)
- 67034 Strasbourg
- France
- Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS)
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15
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Pitto-Barry A, Barry NPE, Russo V, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Therrien B, Deschenaux R. Designing Supramolecular Liquid-Crystalline Hybrids from Pyrenyl-Containing Dendrimers and Arene Ruthenium Metallacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17616-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510338r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas P. E. Barry
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Russo
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut
de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS),
UMR 7504, CNRS−Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue
du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut
de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS),
UMR 7504, CNRS−Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue
du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
- Complex
Assemblies of Soft Matter Laboratory (COMPASS), UMI 3254, CNRS/Solvay/University of Pennsylvania, CRTB, 350 George Patterson Boulevard, Bristol, Pennsylvania 19007, United States
| | - Bruno Therrien
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Deschenaux
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Hincapié CA, Sebastián RM, Barberá J, Serrano JL, Sierra T, Majoral JP, Caminade AM. Supermolecular Columnar Liquid-Crystalline Phosphorus Dendrimers Decorated with Sulfonamide Derivatives. Chemistry 2014; 20:17047-58. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Hernández-Ainsa S, Fedeli E, Barberá J, Marcos M, Sierra T, Serrano JL. Self-assembly modulation in ionic PAMAM derivatives. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:281-289. [PMID: 24652332 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly behaviour both in the bulk and water of a series of amphiphilic dendrimers constituted by second generation PAMAM ionically functionalized with different amounts of myristic acid is shown here. The number of acids in the dendrimer determines the liquid-crystal properties and the structural parameters of their supramolecular organization. Most of them present mesomorphism, organizing in a smectic A mesophase, with a layer spacing decreasing when increasing the number of acids. All these dendrimers form well-defined nanoobjects in water. Micelles and broken lamellae have been found for compounds with low acid contents. In contrast, dendrimers with higher fatty acid contents self-assemble forming nanospheres with a lamellar nanostructure. All compounds are able to trap the hydrophobic molecule 9,10-diphenylanthracene independent of the acid contents. Interestingly, the trapped hydrophobic molecule dominates the self-assembly trend of the dendrimers with low acid contents and thus different nanoobjects are found after the encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Hernández-Ainsa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain
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Alameddine B, Aebischer OF, Heinrich B, Guillon D, Donnio B, Jenny TA. Influence of linear and branched perfluoroalkylated side chains on the π–π stacking behaviour of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and thermotropic properties. Supramol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.831860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Alameddine
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, 32093, Kuwait
| | | | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034, Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Daniel Guillon
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034, Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034, Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Titus A. Jenny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Pramanik HAR, Das G, Bhattacharjee CR, Paul PC, Mondal P, Prasad SK, Rao DSS. Tunable emissive lanthanidomesogen derived from a room-temperature liquid-crystalline Schiff-base ligand. Chemistry 2013; 19:13151-9. [PMID: 23939837 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel photoluminescent room-temperature liquid-crystalline salicylaldimine Schiff base with a short alkoxy substituent and a series of lanthanide(III) complexes of the type [Ln(LH)3(NO3)3] (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy; LH = (E)-5-(hexyloxy)-2-[{2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylimino]methyl}phenol) have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, (1)H and (13)C NMR, UV/Vis, and FAB-MS analyses. The ligand coordinates to the metal ions in its zwitterionic form. The thermal behavior of the compounds was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The ligand exhibits an enantiotropic hexagonal columnar (Col(h)) mesophase at room temperature and the complexes show an enantiotropic lamellar columnar (Col(L)) phase at around 120 °C with high thermal stability. Based on XRD results, different space-filling models have been proposed for the ligand and complexes to account for the columnar mesomorphism. The ligand exhibits intense blue emission both in solution and in the condensed state. The most intense emissions were observed for the samarium and terbium complexes, with the samarium complex glowing with a bright-orange light (ca. 560-644 nm) and the terbium complex emitting green light (ca. 490-622 nm) upon UV irradiation. DFT calculations performed by using the DMol3 program at the BLYP/DNP level of theory revealed a nine-coordinate structure for the lanthanide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun A R Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam (India), Fax: (+91) 03842-270342
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de Gracia Lux C, Donnio B, Heinrich B, Krafft MP. Thermal behavior and high- and low-temperature phase structures of gemini fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon diblocks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:5325-5336. [PMID: 23600621 DOI: 10.1021/la400565h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The thermal behavior and phase structure of two series of gemini fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon diblock amphiphiles with the general formula (CnF2n+1CH2)(Cm - 2H2m - 3)CH-CH(CnF2n+1CH2)(Cm - 2H2m - 3), with n = 8, 10 and m = 6, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 (abbreviated as di(FnHm)), have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopies, dilatometry, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The various terms of the series exhibit the same thermal behavior, essentially composed of two exothermal transitions, a low-temperature event that corresponds to the melting of the hydrocarbon chains at TH and a high-temperature transition associated with the melting of the fluorocarbon chains at TF. Below TH, a disordered plastic rotator phase, MLT, and above TH, a lamellar phase, MHT, were determined by SAXS experiments. Above TF, the compounds eventually clear into the isotropic liquid. In the MHT phase, both the Fn and Hm blocks are segregated from each other, forming sublayers with sharp interfaces, as revealed by the five lamellar orders and remarkable sharpness of the SAXS peaks. In the MLT phase, the partial crystallization of the aliphatic blocks when the temperature is lowered leads to the disruption of the aliphatic sublayers into rows of ribbons arranged according to pseudohexagonal and/or rectangular arrangements with different lattice sizes (p2gg symmetry). The Fn segments form the fluorinated continuum. In support of SAXS, molecular packing models of the tetrablocks are proposed on the basis of the temperature/volume variations of di(F10H20) and di(F10H16) in both high- and low-temperature phases, as determined by dilatometry. It is notable that the arrangements found for di(FnHm) are completely different from those previously reported for FnHm diblocks, revealing the influence of the linker unit on the solid-state behavior of the tetrablocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline de Gracia Lux
- Systèmes Organisés Fluorés à Finalités Thérapeutiques (SOFFT), Institut Charles Sadron (ICS, UPR CNRS 22), Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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22
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Columnar and smectic self-assembly deriving from non ionic amphiphilic hyperbranched polyethylene imine polymers and induced by hydrogen bonding and segregation into polar and non polar parts. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lin Y, Sun J. Vinyl-terminated liquid-crystalline dendrimers based on dendritic polyols and their siloxane-based elastomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Myśliwiec D, Donnio B, Chmielewski PJ, Heinrich B, Stępień M. Peripherally fused porphyrins via the Scholl reaction: synthesis, self-assembly, and mesomorphism. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:4822-33. [PMID: 22239060 DOI: 10.1021/ja210991f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative coupling of activated aryl groups attached to β-positions of the porphyrin ring provides convenient access to derivatives containing peripherally fused phenanthrene and benzo[g]chrysene units. Tetra(benzochryseno)porphyrin, reported here for the first time, contains a nonplanar, sterically locked π system and shows very intense electronic absorptions in the Q range of the electronic spectrum. Tetraphenanthroporphyrins show a tendency to aggregate in solution. In one case, a discrete dimer is formed, whose structure was investigated spectroscopically and theoretically. Derivatives bearing long alkyl chains are mesomorphic and exhibit columnar phases (tetraphenanthroporphyrins) and a monoclinic 3D phase (tetrabenzochrysenoporphyrin). The symmetry of column packing in the columnar phases is dependent on the number of alkyl chains per molecule. X-ray diffraction measurements show that, in spite of their nonplanarity, the aromatic cores in the mesophases are tightly stacked within the column. The corresponding stacking patterns were derived from the structure of the dimer, on the basis of geometrical analysis and molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Myśliwiec
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Bury I, Heinrich B, Bourgogne C, Mehl GH, Guillon D, Donnio B. Self-assembly and liquid-crystalline supramolecular organizations of semifluorinated block co-dendritic supermolecules. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20530g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Goossens K, Wellens S, Van Hecke K, Van Meervelt L, Cardinaels T, Binnemans K. T-Shaped Ionic Liquid Crystals Based on the Imidazolium Motif: Exploring Substitution of the C-2 Imidazolium Carbon Atom. Chemistry 2011; 17:4291-306. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Cardinaels T, Lava K, Goossens K, Eliseeva SV, Binnemans K. 1,10-Phenanthrolinium ionic liquid crystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:2036-2043. [PMID: 21250740 DOI: 10.1021/la1047276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The 1,10-phenanthrolinium cation is introduced as a new building block for the design of ionic liquid crystals. 1,10-Phenanthroline, 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline, and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline were quaternized by reaction with 1,3-dibromopropane or 1,2-dibromoethane. The resulting cations were combined with dodecyl sulfate or dioctyl sulfosuccinate anions. The influence of both the cation and anion type on the thermal behavior was investigated. Several of the complexes exhibit mesomorphic behavior, with smectic E phases for the dodecyl sulfate salts and smectic A phases for the dioctyl sulfosuccinate salts. Structural models for the packing of the 1,10-phenanthrolinium and anionic moieties in the liquid-crystalline phases are presented. The ionic compounds show fluorescence in the solid state and in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cardinaels
- SCK·CEN, Institute for Nuclear Materials Sciences, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
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29
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Terazzi E, Jensen TB, Donnio B, Buchwalder K, Bourgogne C, Rogez G, Heinrich B, Gallani J, Piguet C. Control of the transition temperatures of metallomesogens by specific interface design: application to Mn12 single molecule magnets. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12028-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Garcia-Márquez A, Demortière A, Heinrich B, Guillon D, Bégin-Colin S, Donnio B. Iron oxide nanoparticle-containing main-chain liquid crystalline elastomer: towards soft magnetoactive networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11381j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Chen L, Hu TH, Xie HL, Zhang HL. A mixed cyclodextrin-biphenyl thermotropic liquid crystal: Synthesis, liquid-crystalline properties, and supramolecular organization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Miao J, Zhu L. Hydrogen Bonding Induced Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Linear Doubly Discotic Triad Supermolecules. Chem Asian J 2010; 5:1634-41. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Iwan A, Janeczek H, Kaczmarczyk B, Jarzabek B, Sobota M, Rannou P. Star-shaped azomethines based on tris(2-aminoethyl)amine. Characterization, thermal and optical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 75:891-900. [PMID: 20036614 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and detailed (physico)-chemical ((1)H/(13)C NMR, FTIR, UV-vis and elemental analysis) characterizations of new star-shaped compounds based on tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, including in their structure an azomethine function (HCN-) and alkoxysemiperfluorinated (-O-(CH(2))(3)-(CF(2))(7)-CF(3)), octadecyloxy aliphatic (-O-(CH(2))(17)-CH(3)) chain or two phenyl rings (-Ph-Ph-) as a terminal group, were reported. The mesomorphic behavior was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and additionally by FTIR(T) and UV-vis(T) spectroscopy. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) technique was used to probe the structural properties of the azomethines. Moreover, the azomethine A1 was electro-spun to prepare fibers with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and investigated by DSC and POM. Additionally, a film of the A1 with PMMA was cast from chloroform and the thermal properties of the film were compared with the thermal properties of the fiber and powder. It was showed that terminal groups dramatically influence the thermal and optical properties of the star-shaped azomethines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Iwan
- Electrotechnical Institute, Division of Electrotechnology and Materials Science, M Sklodowskiej-Curie 55/61 Street, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Miao J, Zhu L. Topology Controlled Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Octa Triphenylene-Substituted Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Hybrid Supermolecules. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:1879-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jp910053e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Miao
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136, and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202
| | - Lei Zhu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136, and Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202
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35
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Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Liquid-Crystalline Dendritic Architectures. ADVANCES IN THE ATOMIC-SCALE MODELING OF NANOSYSTEMS AND NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-04650-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Rosen BM, Wilson CJ, Wilson DA, Peterca M, Imam MR, Percec V. Dendron-Mediated Self-Assembly, Disassembly, and Self-Organization of Complex Systems. Chem Rev 2009; 109:6275-540. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900157q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1066] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brad M. Rosen
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Christopher J. Wilson
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Daniela A. Wilson
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Mohammad R. Imam
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
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Goossens K, Lava K, Nockemann P, Van Hecke K, Van Meervelt L, Pattison P, Binnemans K, Cardinaels T. Pyrrolidinium ionic liquid crystals with pendant mesogenic groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:5881-5897. [PMID: 19374454 DOI: 10.1021/la900048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
New ionic liquid crystals (including ionic metallomesogens) based on the pyrrolidinium core are presented. N-Methylpyrrolidine was quaternized with different mesogenic groups connected to a flexible, omega-bromosubstituted alkyl spacer. The length of the flexible alkyl spacer between the cationic head group and the rigid mesogenic group was varied. The substituted pyrrolidinium cations were combined with bromide, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, tetrakis(2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonato)europate(III), and tetrabromouranyl anions. The influence of the type of mesogenic unit, the lengths of the flexible spacer and terminal alkyl chain, the size of the mesogenic group, and the type of anion on the thermotropic mesomorphic behavior was investigated. Furthermore, the phase behavior was thoroughly compared with the previously reported mesomorphism of N-alkyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium salts. Low-ordered smectic A phases of the de Vries type, smectic C phases, higher-ordered smectic F/I phases, as well as crystal smectic phases (E and G, J, H, or K) were observed and investigated by polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Goossens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, P.O. Box 2404, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Yelamaggad CV, Shanker G, Ramana Rao RV, Shankar Rao DS, Prasad SK, Babu VVS. Supramolecular helical fluid columns from self-assembly of homomeric dipeptides. Chemistry 2009; 14:10462-71. [PMID: 18830977 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate that with the widespread theme of residue patterning and stereochemical restraints of self-complimenting proteinogenic amino acids, a new and rich class of homomeric dipeptides exhibiting two-dimensional fluid aggregates with hierarchical ordering can be obtained. In particular, a simple way of achieving a class of functional dipeptides, wherein the first and the second residues chosen are L-/D-alanines and L-/D-leucines, has been accomplished. The supramolecules synthesized can be regarded as intermediates between polycatenars and taper-shaped amphiphiles because they possess two lipophilic segments interlinked by a peptide unit (spacer). Two pairs of enantiomers and their respective diastereomers derived from these amino acids are evidenced to self-organize into a helical columnar phase through hydrogen bonding by means of FTIR, UV/Vis, and chiroptical circular dichroism (CD) spectral analyses as well as by optical, calorimetric, electrical switching, and X-ray studies. The CD and X-ray studies have revealed that the form chirality (handedness) and the magnitude of out-of-plane fluctuations of the lattice planes of the fluid supramolecular columnar structures are solely directed by the stereochemistry encoded in the spacer. Of special significance, the less frequently found oblique helical columnar phase formed by a pair of enantiomers derived from L-/D-alanines, unlike those derived from other amino acids, exhibit ferroelectric behavior; the measured spontaneous polarization is as high as 440 nC cm(-2). Besides, all these supramolecules form stable organogels in ethanol and the CD and SEM studies on a representative gel suggest the presence of helical structures.
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Buathong S, Gehringer L, Donnio B, Guillon D. Supramolecular organization of dendritic supermolecules into liquid crystalline mesophases. CR CHIM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Domenici V, Cifelli M, Alberto Veracini C, Boiko NI, Agina EV, Shibaev VP. Order and Dynamics of a Liquid Crystalline Dendrimer by Means of 2H NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:14718-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8003085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Domenici
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Mario Cifelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Carlo Alberto Veracini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Natalia I. Boiko
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Elena V. Agina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Valery P. Shibaev
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56126, Italy and Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Lehmann M, Jahr M, Donnio B, Graf R, Gemming S, Popov I. Star-Shaped Oligobenzoates: Non-conventional Mesogens Forming Columnar Helical Mesophases. Chemistry 2008; 14:3562-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Iwan A, Sek D. Processible polyazomethines and polyketanils: From aerospace to light-emitting diodes and other advanced applications. Prog Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Knyazev AA, Galyametdinov YG, Goderis B, Driesen K, Goossens K, Görller-Walrand C, Binnemans K, Cardinaels T. Liquid-Crystalline Ternary Rare-Earth Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Palma M, Levin J, Debever O, Geerts Y, Lehmann M, Samorì P. Self-assembly of -bond assisted supramolecular architectures. SOFT MATTER 2008; 4:303-310. [PMID: 32907244 DOI: 10.1039/b713570j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the self-assembly of a functionalized hexaazatriphenylene into supramolecular architectures where the single hexaazatriphenylene molecules are held together primarily through intermolecular hydrogen bonds between amide units. Wide and small angle X-ray scattering, polarized light microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry revealed bulk self-organization into columnar structures. At the surfaces, scanning force microscopy experiments showed that it is possible to drive the self-organization from solutions of N-(2-ethylhexyl)-hexacarboxamidohexaazatriphenylene, towards either layers on a conductive surface like graphite or supramolecular anisotropic assemblies on an electrically insulating substrate such as muscovite mica. The growth of this latter type of architecture is primarily driven by the physical dewetting of the solution cast on the surface combined with intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the amide moieties exposed in the peripheral positions that lead to the formation of the columnar stack. Therefore, the anisotropic supramolecular azatriphenylene assemblies observed in the bulk have been also observed in thin films on a substrate poorly interacting with the adsorbate. In view of the interesting electronic properties of hexaazatriphenylene based architectures as n-type semiconductors, these results might be of interest for applications in the field of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Palma
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) - CNRS 7006, Université Louis Pasteur, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jérémy Levin
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, CP 206/1, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Olivier Debever
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, CP 206/1, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Yves Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, CP 206/1, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, CP 206/1, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, and Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) - CNRS 7006, Université Louis Pasteur, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67083 Strasbourg, France and Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
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Xu J, Ling TC, He C. Hydrogen bond-directed self-assembly of peripherally modified cyclotriphosphazenes with a homeotropic liquid crystalline phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Karahaliou PK, Kouwer PHJ, Meyer T, Mehl GH, Photinos DJ. Columnar phase structures of an organic-inorganic hybrid functionalized with eight calamitic mesogens. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:857-865. [PMID: 32900078 DOI: 10.1039/b617696h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A liquid-crystalline octapode, formed by laterally connecting calamitic mesogens to an inorganic silsesquioxane cube through flexible siloxane spacers, is studied using polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The studies are extended to mixtures of the octapode with the respective monomer mesogens. The monomer and the octapode show a nematic phase. At lower temperatures, the octapode exhibits additionally a columnar hexagonal phase (6 lattice), which, on further cooling, undergoes a transition to a columnar rectangular phase (2 lattice). A similar phase-transition sequence is observed for mixtures of the octapode with moderate concentrations of the monomer. The columnar-columnar transition is discussed combining XRD and DSC results, and a possible model of the molecular self-organization is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Georg H Mehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Demetri J Photinos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
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Zhang D, Hamilton PD, Kao JLF, Venkataraman S, Wooley KL, Ravi N. Formation of nanogel aggregates by an amphiphilic cholesteryl-poly(amidoamine) dendrimer in aqueous media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dendritic Host Molecules with a Polycationic Core and an Outer Shell of Dodecyl Groups. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the field of liquid crystalline dendrimers. Such a fast development is, among other things, driven by the multiple possibilities offered by combining the mesomorphic properties of single mesogenic subunits with the supermolecular and versatile architectures of dendrimers to yield a new class of highly functional materials. The induction and the control of the mesomorphic properties (phase type and stability) in dendrimers can be achieved by a dedicated molecular design which depends on the chemical nature and structure of both the functional groups and the dendritic matrix. In particular, the intrinsic connectivity of the dendrimer such as the multivalency of the focal core and the multiplicity of the branches, both controlling the geometrical rate of growth, or the dendritic generation, plays a crucial role and influences at various stages the subtle relationships between the supermolecular structure and the mesophase structure and stability. In this critical review article, an account of the various types of dendritic systems that form liquid-crystalline mesophases along with a description of the self-organization of representative case-study supermolecules into liquid crystalline mesophases will be discussed. Some basics of thermotropic liquid crystals and dendrimers will be given in the introduction. Then, in the following sections, selected examples including side-chain, main-chain, fullerodendrimers, shape-persistent dendrimers, supramolecular dendromesogens and metallodendrimers, as representative families of LC dendrimers, will be described. In the conclusion some further developments will be highlighted. This review will not cover liquid crystalline hyperbranched and dendronized polymers that might be considered as being somehow less structurally "perfect".
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Groupe des Matériaux Organiques, UMR 7504--CNRS/Université Louis Pasteur, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, F-67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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