1
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Shibata N, Cahard D. N-Fluoro Ammonium Salts of Cinchona Alkaloids in Enantioselective Electrophilic Fluorination. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300096. [PMID: 37096873 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
From 2000, our two research groups independently and simultaneously designed and developed a novel family of electrophilic fluorinating reagents based on the use of Cinchona alkaloids. The chiral N-fluoro ammonium salts demonstrated the highest efficiency compared to prior art in enantioselective electrophilic fluorination for a wide range of substrates. In this account, we tell our respective stories, how the same idea germinated in our laboratories, the characterization of the chiral reagents, the use in stoichiometric quantity then the development of a catalytic version, the application to the synthesis of chiral fluorinated molecules of pharmaceutical interest, and finally the exploitation of our reagents by other teams and for other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Shibata
- Department of Engineering, Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Dominique Cahard
- CNRS, UMR 6014 COBRA - Normandie Université, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
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2
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Ramos De Dios SM, Tiwari VK, McCune CD, Dhokale RA, Berkowitz DB. Biomacromolecule-Assisted Screening for Reaction Discovery and Catalyst Optimization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13800-13880. [PMID: 35904776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction discovery and catalyst screening lie at the heart of synthetic organic chemistry. While there are efforts at de novo catalyst design using computation/artificial intelligence, at its core, synthetic chemistry is an experimental science. This review overviews biomacromolecule-assisted screening methods and the follow-on elaboration of chemistry so discovered. All three types of biomacromolecules discussed─enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids─have been used as "sensors" to provide a readout on product chirality exploiting their native chirality. Enzymatic sensing methods yield both UV-spectrophotometric and visible, colorimetric readouts. Antibody sensors provide direct fluorescent readout upon analyte binding in some cases or provide for cat-ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay)-type readouts. DNA biomacromolecule-assisted screening allows for templation to facilitate reaction discovery, driving bimolecular reactions into a pseudo-unimolecular format. In addition, the ability to use DNA-encoded libraries permits the barcoding of reactants. All three types of biomacromolecule-based screens afford high sensitivity and selectivity. Among the chemical transformations discovered by enzymatic screening methods are the first Ni(0)-mediated asymmetric allylic amination and a new thiocyanopalladation/carbocyclization transformation in which both C-SCN and C-C bonds are fashioned sequentially. Cat-ELISA screening has identified new classes of sydnone-alkyne cycloadditions, and DNA-encoded screening has been exploited to uncover interesting oxidative Pd-mediated amido-alkyne/alkene coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virendra K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Christopher D McCune
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ranjeet A Dhokale
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - David B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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3
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Huang X, Zhang W. Recyclable fluorous cinchona organocatalysts for asymmetric synthesis of biologically interesting compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10116-10124. [PMID: 34522921 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03722f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalysis has unique modes of activation, mild reaction conditions, and good catalyst structural amenability. The integration of green techniques such as catalyst recovery and one-pot reactions makes organocatalysis more efficient and attractive. Presented in this article are the recyclable cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed reactions including fluorination and Michael addition-initiated cascade reactions in asymmetric synthesis of functionalized compounds of biological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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4
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Liu Z, Oxtoby LJ, Liu M, Li ZQ, Tran VT, Gao Y, Engle KM. A Transient Directing Group Strategy Enables Enantioselective Multicomponent Organofluorine Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8962-8969. [PMID: 34077182 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The vicinal fluorofunctionalization of alkenes represents an expedient strategy for converting feedstock olefins into valuable fluorinated molecules and as such has garnered significant attention from the synthetic community; however, current methods remain limited in terms of scope and selectivity. Here we report the site-selective palladium-catalyzed three-component coupling of alkenylbenzaldehydes, arylboronic acids, and N-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate facilitated by a transient directing group. The synthetically enabling methodology constructs vicinal stereocenters with excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities, forging products that map onto bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lucas J Oxtoby
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zi-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Van T Tran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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5
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Zhang X, Gao Y, Hu X, Ji C, Liu Y, Yu J. Recent Advances in Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Fluorinated α‐ and β‐Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Si Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong‐Bin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Shangrao Normal University Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin‐Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 People's Republic of China
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6
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Ishihara K, Nishimura K, Yamakawa K. Enantio- and Site-Selective α-Fluorination of N-Acyl 3,5-Dimethylpyrazoles Catalyzed by Chiral π-Cu II Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17641-17647. [PMID: 32633892 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective α-fluorination reactions of carbonyl compounds are among the most powerful and efficient synthetic methods for constructing optically active α-fluorinated carbonyl compounds. Nevertheless, α-fluorination of α-nonbranched carboxylic acid derivatives is still a big challenge because of relatively high pKa values of their α-hydrogen atoms and difficulty of subsequent synthetic transformation without epimerization. Herein we show that chiral copper(II) complexes of 3-(2-naphthyl)-l-alanine-derived amides are highly effective catalysts for the enantio- and site-selective α-fluorination of N-(α-arylacetyl) and N-(α-alkylacetyl) 3,5-dimethylpyrazoles. The substrate scope of the transformation is very broad (25 examples including a quaternary α-fluorinated α-amino acid derivative). α-Fluorinated products were converted into the corresponding esters, secondary amides, tertiary amides, ketones, and alcohols with almost no epimerization in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishimura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Katsuya Yamakawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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7
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Eder I, Haider V, Zebrowski P, Waser M. Recent Progress in the Asymmetric Syntheses of α‐Heterofunctionalized (Masked) α‐ and β‐Amino Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Eder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Victoria Haider
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Paul Zebrowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
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8
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Wang Y, Wang G, Peshkov AA, Yao R, Hasan M, Zaman M, Liu C, Kashtanov S, Pereshivko OP, Peshkov VA. Controlling the stereochemistry in 2-oxo-aldehyde-derived Ugi adducts through the cinchona alkaloid-promoted electrophilic fluorination. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1963-1973. [PMID: 32831953 PMCID: PMC7431756 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we introduce a new strategy for controlling the stereochemistry in Ugi adducts. Instead of controlling stereochemistry directly during the Ugi reaction we have attempted to stereodefine the chiral center at the peptidyl position through the post-Ugi functionalization. In order to achieve this, we chose to study 2-oxo-aldehyde-derived Ugi adducts many of which partially or fully exist in the enol form that lacks the aforementioned chiral center. This in turn led to their increased nucleophilicity as compared to the standard Ugi adducts. As such, the stereocenter at the peptidyl position could be installed and stereodefined through the reaction with a suitable electrophile. Towards this end, we were able to deploy an asymmetric cinchona alkaloid-promoted electrophilic fluorination producing enantioenriched post-Ugi adducts fluorinated at the peptidyl position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Gaigai Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Anatoly A Peshkov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Block 7, Nur-Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Ruwei Yao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Hasan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Manzoor Zaman
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Stepan Kashtanov
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Olga P Pereshivko
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Block 7, Nur-Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Vsevolod A Peshkov
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Block 7, Nur-Sultan 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.,The Environment and Resource Efficiency Cluster (EREC), Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan
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9
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Ishihara K, Nishimura K, Yamakawa K. Enantio‐ and Site‐Selective α‐Fluorination of
N
‐Acyl 3,5‐Dimethylpyrazoles Catalyzed by Chiral π–Cu
II
Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University B2-3(611), Furo-cho Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishimura
- Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University B2-3(611), Furo-cho Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Katsuya Yamakawa
- Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University B2-3(611), Furo-cho Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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10
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Han J, Butler G, Moriwaki H, Konno H, Soloshonok VA, Kitamura T. Kitamura Electrophilic Fluorination Using HF as a Source of Fluorine. Molecules 2020; 25:E2116. [PMID: 32366048 PMCID: PMC7248860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article focused on the innovative procedure for electrophilic fluorination using HF and in situ generation of the required electrophilic species derived from hypervalent iodine compounds. The areas of synthetic application of this approach include fluorination of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, aryl-alkyl ketones, styrene derivatives, α,β-unsaturated ketones and alcohols, homoallyl amine and homoallyl alcohol derivatives, 3-butenoic acids and alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Greg Butler
- Oakwood Chemical, Inc. 730 Columbia Hwy. N, Estill, SC 29918, USA;
| | - Hiroki Moriwaki
- Hamari Chemical Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 533-0024, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan;
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Tsugio Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan;
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11
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Liu J, Yuan Q, Toste FD, Sigman MS. Enantioselective construction of remote tertiary carbon-fluorine bonds. Nat Chem 2019; 11:710-715. [PMID: 31308495 PMCID: PMC6679931 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The carbon-fluorine bond engenders distinctive physicochemical properties and significant changes to general reactivity. The development of catalytic, enantioselective methods to set stereocentres that contain a benzylic C-F bond is a rapidly evolving goal in synthetic chemistry. Although there have been notable advances that enable the construction of secondary stereocentres that contain both a C-F and a C-H bond on the same carbon, significantly fewer strategies are defined to access stereocentres that incorporate a tertiary C-F bond, especially those remote from pre-existing activating groups. Here we report a general method that establishes C-F tertiary benzylic stereocentres by forging a C-C bond via a Pd-catalysed enantioselective Heck reaction of acyclic alkenyl fluorides with arylboronic acids. This method provides a platform to rapidly incorporate significant functionality about the benzylic tertiary fluoride by virtue of the diversity of both reaction partners, as well as the ability to install the stereocentres remotely from pre-existing functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Qianjia Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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12
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Sim J, Campbell MW, Molander GA. Synthesis of α-Fluoro-α-Amino Acid Derivatives via Photoredox-Catalyzed Carbofluorination. ACS Catal 2019; 9:1558-1563. [PMID: 31588366 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A mild, metal-free, regioselective carbofluorination of dehydroalanine derivatives has been developed. Alkyl radicals resulting from visible-light photoredox catalysis engage in a radical conjugate addition to dehydroalanine, with subsequent fluorination of the newly generated radical to afford an α-fluoro-α-amino acid. By using a highly oxidizing organic photocatalyst, this process incorporates non-stabilized primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals derived from commercially available alkyltrifluoroborates to furnish a wide range of fluorinated unnatural amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Sim
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mark W. Campbell
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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13
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Wei Q, Ma Y, Li L, Liu Q, Liu Z, Liu G. Synthesis of Quaternary α-Fluorinated α-Amino Acid Derivatives via Coordinating Cu(II) Catalytic α-C(sp 3)-H Direct Fluorination. Org Lett 2018; 20:7100-7103. [PMID: 30362773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A coordinating, copper-catalyzed direct α-C(sp3)-H fluorination method has been developed to prepare vital quaternary α-fluorinated α-amino acid derivatives. A Cu(II) catalytic SET oxidative addition mechanism is proposed, involving a key fluoride-coupled Cu(II) charge transfer complex. The protocol can tolerate a rich variety of α-amino acids, for which the auxiliary group is removed in high yield and substituted for the direct preparation of dipeptide derivatives with detachable, single absolute configurations of the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yao Ma
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Qingfei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Zijie Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Gang Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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14
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Zhu Y, Han J, Wang J, Shibata N, Sodeoka M, Soloshonok VA, Coelho JAS, Toste FD. Modern Approaches for Asymmetric Construction of Carbon-Fluorine Quaternary Stereogenic Centers: Synthetic Challenges and Pharmaceutical Needs. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3887-3964. [PMID: 29608052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
New methods for preparation of tailor-made fluorine-containing compounds are in extremely high demand in nearly every sector of chemical industry. The asymmetric construction of quaternary C-F stereogenic centers is the most synthetically challenging and, consequently, the least developed area of research. As a reflection of this apparent methodological deficit, pharmaceutical drugs featuring C-F stereogenic centers constitute less than 1% of all fluorine-containing medicines currently on the market or in clinical development. Here we provide a comprehensive review of current research activity in this area, including such general directions as asymmetric electrophilic fluorination via organocatalytic and transition-metal catalyzed reactions, asymmetric elaboration of fluorine-containing substrates via alkylations, Mannich, Michael, and aldol additions, cross-coupling reactions, and biocatalytic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , Nanjing University , 210093 Nanjing , China
| | - Jianlin Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , Nanjing University , 210093 Nanjing , China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Frontier Materials , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Frontier Materials , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, and RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resourse Science , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , 20018 San Sebastian , Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , 48011 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Jaime A S Coelho
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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15
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Li M, Zheng H, Xue XS, Cheng JP. Ordering the relative power of electrophilic fluorinating, trifluoromethylating, and trifluoromethylthiolating reagents: A summary of recent efforts. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Li M, Xue XS, Cheng JP. Mechanism and Origins of Stereoinduction in Natural Cinchona Alkaloid Catalyzed Asymmetric Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of β-Keto Esters with N-Trifluoromethylthiophthalimide as Electrophilic SCF3 Source. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Yang JD, Wang Y, Xue XS, Cheng JP. A Systematic Evaluation of the N–F Bond Strength of Electrophilic N–F Reagents: Hints for Atomic Fluorine Donating Ability. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4129-4135. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dong Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ya Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Ulbrich D, Daniliuc CG, Haufe G. Halofluorination of N-protected α,β-dehydro-α-amino acid esters—A convenient synthesis of α-fluoro-α-amino acid derivatives. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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19
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Neufeld R, Michel R, Herbst-Irmer R, Schöne R, Stalke D. Introducing a Hydrogen-Bond Donor into a Weakly Nucleophilic Brønsted Base: Alkali Metal Hexamethyldisilazides (MHMDS, M=Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) with Ammonia. Chemistry 2016; 22:12340-6. [PMID: 27457218 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazide (MHMDSs) are one of the most utilised weakly nucleophilic Brønsted bases in synthetic chemistry and especially in natural product synthesis. Like lithium organics, they aggregate depending on the employed donor solvents. Thus, they show different reactivity and selectivity as a function of their aggregation and solvation state. To date, monomeric LiHMDS with monodentate donor bases was only characterised in solution. Since the first preparation of LiHMDS in 1959 by Wannagat and Niederprüm, all efforts to crystallise monomeric LiHMDS in the absence of chelating ligands failed. Herein, we present ammonia adducts of LiHMDS, NaHMDS, KHMDS, RbHMDS and CsHMDS with unprecedented aggregation motifs: 1) The hitherto missing monomeric key compound in the LiHMDS aggregation architectures. Monomeric crystal structures of trisolvated LiHMDS (1) and NaHMDS (2), showing unique intermolecular hydrogen bonds, 2) the unprecedented tetrasolvated KHMDS (3) and RbHMDS (4) dimers and 3) the disolvated CsHMDS (5) dimer with very close intermolecular Si-CH3 ⋅⋅⋅Cs s-block "agostic" interactions have been prepared and characterised by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Neufeld
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reent Michel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schöne
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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20
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Kwiatkowski J, Lu Y. Asymmetric Michael addition of α-fluoro-α-nitro esters to nitroolefins: towards synthesis of α-fluoro-α-substituted amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2350-9. [PMID: 25563391 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Fluoro-α-nitro esters were used as reaction partners in Michael addition to nitroalkenes, and the products were obtained in excellent chemical yields and with high enantioselectivities. Moreover, α-fluoro-α-amino ester with a quaternary α-carbon was prepared for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kwiatkowski
- Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, 117456 Singapore.
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21
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Karukurichi KR, Fei X, Swyka RA, Broussy S, Shen W, Dey S, Roy SK, Berkowitz DB. Mini-ISES identifies promising carbafructopyranose-based salens for asymmetric catalysis: Tuning ligand shape via the anomeric effect. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500066. [PMID: 26501130 PMCID: PMC4613784 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces new methods of screening for and tuning chiral space and in so doing identifies a promising set of chiral ligands for asymmetric synthesis. The carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine(s) and salens constructed therefrom are particularly compelling. It is shown that by removing the native anomeric effect in this ligand family, one can tune chiral ligand shape and improve chiral bias. This concept is demonstrated by a combination of (i) x-ray crystallographic structure determination, (ii) assessment of catalytic performance, and (iii) consideration of the anomeric effect and its underlying dipolar basis. The title ligands were identified by a new mini version of the in situ enzymatic screening (ISES) procedure through which catalyst-ligand combinations are screened in parallel, and information on relative rate and enantioselectivity is obtained in real time, without the need to quench reactions or draw aliquots. Mini-ISES brings the technique into the nanomole regime (200 to 350 nmol catalyst/20 μml organic volume) commensurate with emerging trends in reaction development/process chemistry. The best-performing β-d-carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine-derived salen ligand discovered here outperforms the best known organometallic and enzymatic catalysts for the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of 3-phenylpropylene oxide, one of several substrates examined for which the ligand is "matched." This ligand scaffold defines a new swath of chiral space, and anomeric effect tunability defines a new concept in shaping that chiral space. Both this ligand set and the anomeric shape-tuning concept are expected to find broad application, given the value of chiral 1,2-diamines and salens constructed from these in asymmetric catalysis.
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22
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Wang X, Yang T, Cheng X, Shen Q. Enantioselective Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of β-Ketoesters: A Case of Reactivity and Selectivity Bias for Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12860-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Wang X, Yang T, Cheng X, Shen Q. Enantioselective Electrophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation of β-Ketoesters: A Case of Reactivity and Selectivity Bias for Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Mollet K, Goossens H, Piens N, Catak S, Waroquier M, Törnroos KW, Van Speybroeck V, D'hooghe M, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐oxazin‐3‐ones through Ring Transformation of 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐(1,2‐dihydroxyethyl)‐β‐lactams and a Study of Their Reactivity. Chemistry 2013; 19:3383-96. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mollet
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐62‐21
| | - Hannelore Goossens
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, 9052 Zwijnaarde (Belgium), Member of QCMM‐Alliance, Ghent‐Brussels (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐66‐97
| | - Nicola Piens
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐62‐21
| | - Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, 9052 Zwijnaarde (Belgium), Member of QCMM‐Alliance, Ghent‐Brussels (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐66‐97
- Current address: Syngenta Crop Protection, Münchwilen AG, 4332 Stein (Switzerland)
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, 9052 Zwijnaarde (Belgium), Member of QCMM‐Alliance, Ghent‐Brussels (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐66‐97
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, 5007 Bergen (Norway)
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, 9052 Zwijnaarde (Belgium), Member of QCMM‐Alliance, Ghent‐Brussels (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐66‐97
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐62‐21
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent (Belgium), Fax: (+32) 9‐264‐62‐21
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25
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Konno T, Ikemoto A, Ishihara T. A new entry to the construction of a quaternary carbon center having a fluorine atom--S(N)2' reaction of γ-fluoroallylic alcohol derivatives with various cyanocuprates. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8154-63. [PMID: 22965477 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25718a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of γ-fluoroallylic phosphate with various lower-ordered cyanocuprates derived from Grignard reagents, organolithium, and organozincs gave the corresponding S(N)2' products having a fluorine atom at a quaternary carbon center in excellent yields. This system could be successfully extended to the chiral version, enantiomerically pure fluorine-containing materials also being obtained in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Konno
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan.
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26
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Yi WB, Huang X, Zhang Z, Zhu DR, Cai C, Zhang W. Recyclable fluorous cinchona alkaloid ester as a chiral promoter for asymmetric fluorination of β-ketoesters. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1233-40. [PMID: 23019453 PMCID: PMC3458743 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A fluorous cinchona alkaloid ester has been developed as a chiral promoter for the asymmetric fluorination of β-ketoesters. It has comparable reactivity and selectivity to the nonfluorous versions of cinchona alkaloids and can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple fluorous solid-phase extraction (F-SPE) and used for the next round of reaction without further purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei Street, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
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27
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Catalytic enantioselective chlorination of cyclic β-keto esters in the presence of chiral Pd(II) complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Tanzer EM, Schweizer WB, Ebert MO, Gilmour R. Designing fluorinated cinchona alkaloids for enantioselective catalysis: controlling internal rotation by a fluorine-ammonium ion gauche effect (φ(NCCF)). Chemistry 2012; 18:2006-13. [PMID: 22250061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The C9 position of cinchona alkaloids functions as a molecular hinge, with internal rotations around the C8-C9 (τ(1)) and C9-C4' (τ(2)) bonds giving rise to four low energy conformers (1; anti-closed, anti-open, syn-closed, and syn-open). By substituting the C9 carbinol centre by a configurationally defined fluorine substituent, a fluorine-ammonium ion gauche effect (σ(C-H) → σ(C-F)*; F(δ-)⋅⋅⋅N(+)) encodes for two out of the four possible conformers (2). This constitutes a partial solution to the long-standing problem of governing internal rotations in cinchonium-based catalysts relying solely on a fluorine conformational effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Tanzer
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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29
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Hintermann L, Perseghini M, Togni A. Development of the titanium-TADDOLate-catalyzed asymmetric fluorination of β-ketoesters. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1421-35. [PMID: 22043253 PMCID: PMC3201056 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium-based Lewis acids catalyze the α-fluorination of β-ketoesters by electrophilic N–F-fluorinating reagents. Asymmetric catalysis with TADDOLato–titanium(IV) dichloride (TADDOL = α,α,α',α'-tetraaryl-(1,3-dioxolane-4,5-diyl)-dimethanol) Lewis acids produces enantiomerically enriched α-fluorinated β-ketoesters in up to 91% enantiomeric excess, with either F–TEDA (1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate)) in acetonitrile solution or NFSI (N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide) in dichloromethane solution as fluorinating reagents. The effects of various reaction parameters and of the TADDOL ligand structure on the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity were investigated. The absolute configuration of several fluorination products was assigned through correlation. Evidence for ionization of the catalyst complex by chloride dissociation, followed by generation of titanium β-ketoenolates as key reaction intermediates, was obtained. Based on the experimental findings, a general mechanistic sketch and a steric model of induction are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hintermann
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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30
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N-Fluoro-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxy)benzenesulfonimide (NFBSI): A sterically demanding electrophilic fluorinating reagent for enantioselective fluorination. J Fluor Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Cai Y, Wang W, Shen K, Wang J, Hu X, Lin L, Liu X, Feng X. Highly enantioselective α-chlorination of cyclic β-ketoesters catalyzed by N,N′-Dioxide using NCS as the chlorine source. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:1250-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b922769e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Hughes RP. Conversion of Carbon–Fluorine Bonds α to Transition Metal Centers to Carbon–Hydrogen, Carbon–Carbon, and Carbon–Heteroatom Bonds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Russell P. Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratories, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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33
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Cahard D, Xu X, Couve-Bonnaire S, Pannecoucke X. Fluorine & chirality: how to create a nonracemic stereogenic carbon-fluorine centre? Chem Soc Rev 2009; 39:558-68. [PMID: 20111780 DOI: 10.1039/b909566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantiopure organofluorine compounds are at the forefront of innovation in the field of fluorine chemistry. The significant progress in modern fluoroorganic chemistry parallels the tremendous achievements in organocatalysis and organometallic catalysis that have permitted the asymmetric synthesis of chiral chemicals featuring a fluorinated stereogenic carbon centre. This tutorial review provides an overview of the current state of the art in asymmetric construction of stereogenic carbon-fluorine centres, not only by direct fluorination, but also by asymmetric reaction of fluorinated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Cahard
- UMR CNRS 6014 C.O.B.R.A., Université et INSA de Rouen, rue Tesnière, 76130 Mont Saint Aignan, France.
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34
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Elemental fluorine, Part 23: Direct fluorination of β-ketoesters as an approach to enantioselective fluorination. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Paull DH, Weatherwax A, Lectka T. Catalytic, asymmetric reactions of ketenes and ketene enolates. Tetrahedron 2009; 65:3771-6803. [PMID: 21494417 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Paull
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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36
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Candeias NR, Branco LC, Gois PMP, Afonso CAM, Trindade AF. More Sustainable Approaches for the Synthesis of N-Based Heterocycles. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2703-802. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800462w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno R. Candeias
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís C. Branco
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. P. Gois
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandre F. Trindade
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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37
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Noritake S, Shibata N, Nomura Y, Huang Y, Matsnev A, Nakamura S, Toru T, Cahard D. Enantioselective electrophilic trifluoromethylation of β-keto esters with Umemoto reagents induced by chiral nonracemic guanidines. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3599-604. [DOI: 10.1039/b909641h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Ma JA, Cahard D. Update 1 of: Asymmetric fluorination, trifluoromethylation, and perfluoroalkylation reactions. Chem Rev 2008; 108:PR1-43. [PMID: 18798358 DOI: 10.1021/cr800221v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 761] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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39
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Ishimaru T, Shibata N, Reddy DS, Horikawa T, Nakamura S, Toru T. DBFOX-Ph/metal complexes: evaluation as catalysts for enantioselective fluorination of 3-(2-arylacetyl)-2-thiazolidinones. Beilstein J Org Chem 2008; 4:16. [PMID: 18941488 PMCID: PMC2486487 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.4.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the catalytic enantioselective fluorination of 3-(2-arylacetyl)-2-thiazolidinones 1 with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) by DBFOX-Ph/metal complexes under a variety of conditions. After optimization of the metal salts, solvents and additives, we found that the fluoro-2-thiazolidinones 2 were obtained in good to high yields with moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 78% ee) when the reaction was carried out in the presence of DBFOX-Ph (11 mol%), Ni(ClO(4))(2).6H(2)O (10 mol%) and 2,6-lutidine (0 or 1.0 equiv) in CH(2)Cl(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehisa Ishimaru
- Department of Frontier Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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40
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Ishimaru T, Shibata N, Horikawa T, Yasuda N, Nakamura S, Toru T, Shiro M. Cinchona Alkaloid Catalyzed Enantioselective Fluorination of Allyl Silanes, Silyl Enol Ethers, and Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:4157-61. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Ishimaru T, Shibata N, Horikawa T, Yasuda N, Nakamura S, Toru T, Shiro M. Cinchona Alkaloid Catalyzed Enantioselective Fluorination of Allyl Silanes, Silyl Enol Ethers, and Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Braun W, Calmuschi-Cula B, Englert U, Höfener K, Alberico E, Salzer A. Novel Chiral 1,3-Diamines by a Highly Modular Umpolung Strategy Employing a Diastereoselective Fluorination–Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Sequence. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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A novel N-acetophenone cinchona ammonium salts as chiral phase transfer catalysts for the alkylation of Schiff base in water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2007.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wolfer J, Bekele T, Abraham CJ, Dogo-Isonagie C, Lectka T. Catalytic, asymmetric synthesis of 1,4-benzoxazinones: a remarkably enantioselective route to alpha-amino acid derivatives from o-benzoquinone imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 45:7398-400. [PMID: 17036371 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamison Wolfer
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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New approaches to enantioselective fluorination: Cinchona alkaloids combinations and chiral ligands/metal complexes. J Fluor Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ramírez J, Fernández E. One-pot synthesis of α,α-difluoroimines from alkynes through tandem catalytic diboration/fluorination/imination reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Synthesis of new dimeric-PEG-supported cinchona ammonium salts as chiral phase transfer catalysts for the alkylation of Schiff bases with water as the solvent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Wolfer J, Bekele T, Abraham CJ, Dogo-Isonagie C, Lectka T. Catalytic, Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,4-Benzoxazinones: A Remarkably Enantioselective Route to α-Amino Acid Derivatives fromo-Benzoquinone Imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Brandes S, Niess B, Bella M, Prieto A, Overgaard J, Jørgensen KA. Non-Biaryl Atropisomers in Organocatalysis. Chemistry 2006; 12:6039-52. [PMID: 16789058 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new class of 6'-hydroxy cinchona alkaloids, with a non-biaryl atropisomeric functionalisation at position 5' of the quinoline core can be prepared by an easy amination procedure. These are the first derivatives for which the principle of atropisomerism is engrafted in the classical core of the cinchona alkaloids. The aminated cinchona alkaloids are effective organocatalysts for the Michael addition of beta-keto esters to acrolein and methyl vinyl ketone, in up to 93 % ee (ee=enantiomeric excess), as well as for the asymmetric Friedel-Crafts amination of a variety of 2-naphthols, permitting the preparation of the latter in up to 98 % ee. The aminated 8-amino-2-naphthol itself is the first chiral organocatalyst based on non-biaryl atropisomerism. The two enantiomers of this chiral primary amine can be used for the direct alpha-fluorination of alpha-branched aldehydes. The fluorinated compounds can thereby be accessed in up to 90 % ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandes
- The Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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