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Hamze M, Meunier S, Karle A, Gdoura A, Goudet A, Szely N, Pallardy M, Carbonnel F, Spindeldreher S, Mariette X, Miceli-Richard C, Maillère B. Characterization of CD4 T Cell Epitopes of Infliximab and Rituximab Identified from Healthy Donors. Front Immunol 2017; 8:500. [PMID: 28529511 PMCID: PMC5418239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chimeric antibodies anti-CD20 rituximab (Rtx) and anti-TNFα infliximab (Ifx) induce antidrug antibodies (ADAs) in many patients with inflammatory diseases. Because of the key role of CD4 T lymphocytes in the initiation of antibody responses, we localized the CD4 T cell epitopes of Rtx and Ifx. With the perspective to anticipate immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies, identification of the CD4 T cell epitopes was performed using cells collected in healthy donors. Nine T cell epitopes were identified in the variable chains of both antibodies by deriving CD4 T cell lines raised against either Rtx or Ifx. The T cell epitopes often exhibited a good affinity for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR molecules and were part of the peptides identified by MHC-associated peptide proteomics assay from HLA-DR molecules of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the antibodies. Two-third of the T cell epitopes identified from the healthy donors stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients having developed ADAs against Rtx or Ifx and promoted the secretion of a diversity of cytokines. These data emphasize the predictive value of evaluating the T cell repertoire of healthy donors and the composition of peptides bound to HLA-DR of DCs to anticipate and prevent immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Hamze
- CEA-Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Sylvain Meunier
- CEA-Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - Abdelaziz Gdoura
- CEA-Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Amélie Goudet
- CEA-Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Natacha Szely
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Chatenay Malabry, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- INSERM UMR 996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Chatenay Malabry, France
| | - Franck Carbonnel
- Service de gastro-entérologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Xavier Mariette
- INSERM UMR 1184, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- INSERM UMR 1184, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bernard Maillère
- CEA-Saclay, Institut de Biologie et Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
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Jahn-Schmid B, Pickl WF, Bohle B. Interaction of allergens, major histocompatibility complex molecules, and T cell receptors: a 'ménage à trois' that opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention in type I allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2011; 156:27-42. [PMID: 21447957 DOI: 10.1159/000321904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are major players in the initiation and perpetuation of the allergic immune response. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on allergen recognition by T lymphocytes and address the components of the trimeric recognition complex: T cell receptors, major histocompatibility complex molecules, and allergen-derived peptides. Furthermore, possible implications of this scientific background for future therapeutic developments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Jahn-Schmid
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. beatrice.jahn-schmid @ meduniwien.ac.at
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Kudela P, Sun Z, Fourcade J, Janjic B, Kirkwood JM, Maillere B, Zarour HM. Epitope hierarchy of spontaneous CD4+ T cell responses to LAGE-1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 186:312-22. [PMID: 21131422 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 represent highly homologous cancer-germline Ags frequently coexpressed by many human cancers, but not by normal tissues, except testis. In contrast to NY-ESO-1, little is known about spontaneous immune responses to LAGE-1. In the current study, we report on spontaneous LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cells isolated from PBLs of patients with advanced LAGE-1(+)/NY-ESO-1(+) melanoma and directed against three promiscuous and immunodominant epitopes. Strikingly, although the three LAGE-1-derived epitopes are highly homologous to NY-ESO-1-derived epitopes, LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cells did not cross-react with NY-ESO-1. LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cells produced Th1-type and/or Th2-type cytokines and did not exert inhibitory effects on allogenic T cells. We observed that most patients with spontaneous NY-ESO-1-specific responses exhibited spontaneous CD4(+) T cell responses to at least one of the three immunodominant LAGE-1 epitopes. Additionally, nearly half of the patients with spontaneous LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cell responses had circulating LAGE-1-specific Abs that recognized epitopes located in the C-terminal portion of LAGE-1, which is distinct from NY-ESO-1. Collectively, our findings define the hierarchy of immunodominance of spontaneous LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cell responses in patients with advanced melanoma. These findings demonstrate the capability of LAGE-1 to stimulate integrated cellular and humoral immune responses that do not cross-react with NY-ESO-1. Therefore, they provide a strong rationale for the inclusion of LAGE-1 peptides or protein in vaccine trials for patients with NY-ESO-1(+)/LAGE-1(+) tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Kudela
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Sidney J, Steen A, Moore C, Ngo S, Chung J, Peters B, Sette A. Five HLA-DP molecules frequently expressed in the worldwide human population share a common HLA supertypic binding specificity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2010; 184:2492-503. [PMID: 20139279 PMCID: PMC2935290 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Compared with DR and DQ, knowledge of the binding repertoires and specificities of HLA-DP alleles is somewhat limited. However, a growing body of literature has indicated the importance of DP-restricted responses in the context of cancer, allergy, and infectious disease. In the current study, we developed high-throughput binding assays for the five most common HLA-DPB1 alleles in the general worldwide population. Using these assays on a comprehensive panel of single-substitution analogs and large peptide libraries, we derived novel detailed binding motifs for DPB1*0101 and DPB1*0501. We also derived more detailed quantitative motifs for DPB1*0201, DPB1*0401, and DPB1*0402, which were previously characterized on the basis of sets of eluted ligands and/or limited sets of substituted peptides. Unexpectedly, all five DP molecules, originally selected only on the basis of their frequency in human populations, were found to share largely overlapping peptide motifs. Testing panels of known DP epitopes and a panel of peptides spanning a set of Phleum pratense Ags revealed that these molecules also share largely overlapping peptide-binding repertoires. This demonstrates that a previously hypothesized DP supertype extends far beyond what was originally envisioned and includes at least three additional very common DP specificities. Taken together, these DP supertype molecules are found in >90% of the human population. Thus, these findings have important implications for epitope-identification studies and monitoring of human class II-restricted immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Kudela P, Janjic B, Fourcade J, Castelli F, Andrade P, Kirkwood JM, El-Hefnawy T, Amicosante M, Maillere B, Zarour HM. Cross-reactive CD4+ T cells against one immunodominant tumor-derived epitope in melanoma patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 179:7932-40. [PMID: 18025241 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.11.7932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TCRs exhibit a high degree of specificity but may also recognize multiple and distinct peptide-MHC complexes, illustrating the so-called cross-reactivity of TCR-peptide-MHC recognition. In this study, we report the first evidence of CD4(+) T cells recognizing the same tumor peptide-epitope from NY-ESO-1, in the context of multiple HLA-DR and HLA-DP molecules. These cross-reactive CD4(+) T cells recognized not only autologous but also allogenic dendritic cells previously loaded with the relevant protein (i.e., the normally processed and presented epitope). Using clonotypic real-time RT-PCR, we have detected low frequencies of CD4(+) T cells expressing one cross-reactive TCR from circulating CD4(+) T cells of patients with stage IV melanoma either spontaneously or after immunization but not in normal donors. The maintenance of cross-reactive tumor Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells in PBLs of cancer patients required the presence of tumor Ag/epitope in the context of the MHC molecule used to prime the Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells. Our findings have significant implications for the optimization of TCR gene transfer immunotherapies widely applicable to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Kudela
- Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Wang XF, Cohen WM, Castelli FA, Almunia C, Lethé B, Pouvelle-Moratille S, Munier G, Charron D, Ménez A, Zarour HM, van der Bruggen P, Busson M, Maillère B. Selective identification of HLA-DP4 binding T cell epitopes encoded by the MAGE-A gene family. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:807-18. [PMID: 16988823 PMCID: PMC11030775 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0230-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Because of the high frequency of HLA-DP4 in the Caucasian population, we have selectively delineated HLA-DP4 restricted T cell epitopes in the MAGE-A tumor antigens. We identified 12 good binders to HLA-DP4 and investigated the capacity of the seven best binders to induce in vitro specific CD4+ T cell lines from HLA-DP4 healthy donors. We found that the MAGE-A1 90-104 peptide exhibited a high and constant frequency of CD4+ T cell precursors in all the six tested donors. The MAGE-A1 268-282 peptide was found immunogenic in only two donors but with a high precursor frequency. The MAGE-A12 127-141 peptide was T cell stimulating in six different donors and induced fewer T cell lines. The peptide-specific T cell lines were stimulated by DC loaded with the lysates of cells transfected with MAGE-A1 or MAGE-A12, or loaded with the recombinant protein. We also show that the immunoreactivity of CD4+ T cell epitopes restricted to the same HLA II molecule may vary from one individual to another, as a result of inter-individual variations in the CD4+ T cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Wang
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - William M. Cohen
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Florence A. Castelli
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Christine Almunia
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bernard Lethé
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Cellular Genetics Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, 74 avenue Hippocrate, UCL 74.59, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Gaetan Munier
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - André Ménez
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Hassan M. Zarour
- Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 France
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Cellular Genetics Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, 74 avenue Hippocrate, UCL 74.59, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Busson
- INSERM U662, Hôpital St Louis, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - Bernard Maillère
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Bohle B, Zwölfer B, Fischer GF, Seppälä U, Kinaciyan T, Bolwig C, Spangfort MD, Ebner C. Characterization of the human T cell response to antigen 5 from Vespula vulgaris (Ves v 5). Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35:367-73. [PMID: 15784117 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The T cell reactivity to the major allergen of bee venom, phospholipase A2, has been thoroughly characterized. In contrast, only little is known about the human cellular response to major allergens from wasp venom. OBJECTIVE To characterize the human T cell response to antigen 5 from Vespula vulgaris, Ves v 5. METHODS Recombinant Ves v 5 was used to establish allergen-specific T cell lines (TCL) and T cell clones (TCC) from the peripheral blood of vespid-allergic and non-allergic individuals. Ves v 5-specific TCL were mapped for T cell epitopes using overlapping synthetic peptides representing the complete amino acid sequence of Ves v 5. Ves v 5-specific TCC were analysed for antigen-induced secretion of IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-10. RESULTS Seventeen distinct T cell epitopes were recognized by allergic individuals among which Ves v 5(181-192) was identified as a dominant T cell epitope. Partially different epitopes were observed in TCL from non-allergic subjects and the dominant epitope Ves v 5(181-192) was not prevalent in these cultures. Ves v 5-specific TCC isolated from allergic individuals did not show the typical T helper type 2 (Th2)-like cytokine profile in response to specific stimulation, i.e. high amounts of IL-4 and low IFN-gamma. TCC from non-allergic individuals showed a Th1-like cytokine pattern. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that the allergic T cell response to Ves v 5 is not Th2-dominated and that different immunogenic sites on this major wasp venom allergen are recognized by allergic and non-allergic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bohle
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, VA-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Buhot C, Chenal A, Sanson A, Pouvelle-Moratille S, Gelb MH, Ménez A, Gillet D, Maillère B. Alteration of the tertiary structure of the major bee venom allergen Api m 1 by multiple mutations is concomitant with low IgE reactivity. Protein Sci 2004; 13:2970-8. [PMID: 15459335 PMCID: PMC2286571 DOI: 10.1110/ps.04885404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have engineered a recombinant form of the major bee venom allergen (Api m 1) with the final goal of reducing its IgE reactivity. This molecule (Api mut) contains 24 mutations and one deletion of 10 amino acids. The successive introduction of these sequence modifications led to a progressive loss of specific IgE and IgG reactivity and did not reveal any immunodominant epitopes. However, Api mut exhibited a clear loss of reactivity for Api m 1-specific IgE and IgG. Injection of Api mut into mice induced specific antibody production. This humoral response was as high as that induced by the Api m 1 but the cross-reactivity of the antibodies was weak. As inferred by far UV circular dichroism, this mutant was correctly folded. However, near UV circular dichroism and denaturation curves of Api mut showed that it exhibits a dynamic tertiary structure and that it is a highly flexible molecule. Finally, as all the sequence modifications have been introduced outside the human and murine T cell epitope regions, we investigated its T cell properties in mice. We showed that Api mut-specific T lymphocytes induced in vivo were stimulated in vitro by both proteins. These data provide new insights in the design of hypoallergenic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Buhot
- Protein Engineering and Research Department, bâtiment 152, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Valenta R, Ball T, Focke M, Linhart B, Mothes N, Niederberger V, Spitzauer S, Swoboda I, Vrtala S, Westritschnig K, Kraft D. Immunotherapy of allergic disease. Adv Immunol 2004; 82:105-53. [PMID: 14975256 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(04)82003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Medical School, Austria
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