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Fan Y, Bai J, Wu S, Zhang M, Li J, Lin R, Hu C, Jing B, Wang J, Xia X, Hu Z, Yu J. The RALF2-FERONIA-MYB63 module orchestrates growth and defense in tomato roots. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1123-1136. [PMID: 38831656 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Plant secreted peptides RAPID ALKALINISATION FACTORs (RALFs), which act through the receptor FERONIA (FER), play important roles in plant growth. However, it remains unclear whether and how RALF-FER contributes to the trade-off of plant growth-defense. Here, we used a variety of techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9, protein-protein interaction and transcriptional regulation methods to investigate the role of RALF2 and its receptor FER in regulating lignin deposition, root growth, and defense against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The ralf2 and fer mutants show reduced primary root length, elevated lignin accumulation, and enhanced resistance against Fol than the wild-type. FER interacts with and phosphorylates MYB63 to promote its degradation. MYB63 serves as an activator of lignin deposition by regulating the transcription of dirigent protein gene DIR19. Mutation of DIR19 suppresses lignin accumulation, and reverses the short root phenotype and Fol resistance in ralf2 or fer mutant. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the RALF2-FER-MYB63 module fine-tunes root growth and resistance against Fol through regulating the deposition of lignin in tomato roots. The study sheds new light on how plants maintain the growth-defense balance via RALF-FER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Fan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junyu Bai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shaofang Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Beiyu Jing
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiachun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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2
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Liu L, Liu X, Bai Z, Tanveer M, Zhang Y, Chen W, Shabala S, Huang L. Small but powerful: RALF peptides in plant adaptive and developmental responses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 343:112085. [PMID: 38588983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants live in a highly dynamic environment and require to rapidly respond to a plethora of environmental stimuli, so that to maintain their optimal growth and development. A small plant peptide, rapid alkalization factor (RALF), can rapidly increase the pH value of the extracellular matrix in plant cells. RALFs always function with its corresponding receptors. Mechanistically, effective amount of RALF is induced and released at the critical period of plant growth and development or under different external environmental factors. Recent studies also highlighted the role of RALF peptides as important regulators in plant intercellular communications, as well as their operation in signal perception and as ligands for different receptor kinases on the surface of the plasma membrane, to integrate various environmental cues. In this context, understanding the fine-print of above processes may be essential to solve the problems of crop adaptation to various harsh environments under current climate trends scenarios, by genetic means. This paper summarizes the current knowledge about the structure and diversity of RALF peptides and their roles in plant development and response to stresses, highlighting unanswered questions and problems to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xing Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Zhenkun Bai
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China; School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia.
| | - Liping Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
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3
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Zait Y, Joseph A, Assmann SM. Stomatal responses to VPD utilize guard cell intracellular signaling components. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1351612. [PMID: 38375078 PMCID: PMC10875092 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1351612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal pores, vital for CO2 uptake and water loss regulation in plants, are formed by two specialized guard cells. Despite their importance, there is limited understanding of how guard cells sense and respond to changes in vapor pressure difference (VPD). This study leverages a selection of CO2 hyposensitive and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling mutants in Arabidopsis, including heterotrimeric G protein mutants and RLK (receptor-like kinase) mutants, along with a variety of canola cultivars to delve into the intracellular signaling mechanisms prompting stomatal closure in response to high VPD. Stomatal conductance response to step changes in VPD was measured using the LI-6800F gas exchange system. Our findings highlight that stomatal responses to VPD utilize intracellular signaling components. VPD hyposensitivity was particularly evident in mutants of the ht1 (HIGH LEAF TEMPERATURE1) gene, which encodes a protein kinase expressed mainly in guard cells, and in gpa1-3, a null mutant of the sole canonical heterotrimeric Gα subunit, previously implicated in stomatal signaling. Consequently, this research identifies a nexus in the intricate relationships between guard cell signal perception, stomatal conductance, environmental humidity, and CO2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Zait
- Biology Department, Penn State University, Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, United States
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ariel Joseph
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sarah M. Assmann
- Biology Department, Penn State University, Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, United States
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Zhang R, Shi PT, Zhou M, Liu HZ, Xu XJ, Liu WT, Chen KM. Rapid alkalinization factor: function, regulation, and potential applications in agriculture. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:16. [PMID: 37676530 PMCID: PMC10442051 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) is widespread throughout the plant kingdom and controls many aspects of plant life. Current studies on the regulatory mechanism underlying RALF function mainly focus on Arabidopsis, but little is known about the role of RALF in crop plants. Here, we systematically and comprehensively analyzed the relation between RALF family genes from five important crops and those in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Simultaneously, we summarized the functions of RALFs in controlling growth and developmental behavior using conservative motifs as cues and predicted the regulatory role of RALFs in cereal crops. In conclusion, RALF has considerable application potential in improving crop yields and increasing economic benefits. Using gene editing technology or taking advantage of RALF as a hormone additive are effective way to amplify the role of RALF in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng-Tao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huai-Zeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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5
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Pacheco JM, Song L, Kuběnová L, Ovečka M, Berdion Gabarain V, Peralta JM, Lehuedé TU, Ibeas MA, Ricardi MM, Zhu S, Shen Y, Schepetilnikov M, Ryabova LA, Alvarez JM, Gutierrez RA, Grossmann G, Šamaj J, Yu F, Estevez JM. Cell surface receptor kinase FERONIA linked to nutrient sensor TORC signaling controls root hair growth at low temperature linked to low nitrate in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:169-185. [PMID: 36716782 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs (RH) are excellent model systems for studying cell size and polarity since they elongate several hundred-fold their original size. Their tip growth is determined both by intrinsic and environmental signals. Although nutrient availability and temperature are key factors for a sustained plant growth, the molecular mechanisms underlying their sensing and downstream signaling pathways remain unclear. We use genetics to address the roles of the cell surface receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) and the nutrient sensing TOR Complex 1 (TORC) in RH growth. We identified that low temperature (10°C) triggers a strong RH elongation response in Arabidopsis thaliana involving FER and TORC. We found that FER is required to perceive limited nutrient availability caused by low temperature. FERONIA interacts with and activates TORC-downstream components to trigger RH growth. In addition, the small GTPase Rho of plants 2 (ROP2) is also involved in this RH growth response linking FER and TOR. We also found that limited nitrogen nutrient availability can mimic the RH growth response at 10°C in a NRT1.1-dependent manner. These results uncover a molecular mechanism by which a central hub composed by FER-ROP2-TORC is involved in the control of RH elongation under low temperature and nitrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez Pacheco
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Limei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Laborarory of Species Interaction and Biological Invasion, School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Lenka Kuběnová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ovečka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Victoria Berdion Gabarain
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Peralta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Tomás Urzúa Lehuedé
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370186, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Ibeas
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370186, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martiniano M Ricardi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yanan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Mikhail Schepetilnikov
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lyubov A Ryabova
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, UPR 2357, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - José M Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370186, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 7500000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Gutierrez
- ANID - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 7500000, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, 6904411, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guido Grossmann
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370186, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 7500000, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Kong Y, Chen J, Jiang L, Chen H, Shen Y, Wang L, Yan Y, Zhou H, Zheng H, Yu F, Ming Z. Structural and biochemical basis of Arabidopsis FERONIA receptor kinase-mediated early signaling initiation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023:100559. [PMID: 36774537 PMCID: PMC10363478 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that early and essential events for receptor-like kinase (RLK) function involve both autophosphorylation and substrate phosphorylation. However, the structural and biochemical basis for these events is largely unclear. Here, we used RLK FERONIA (FER) as a model and crystallized its core kinase domain (FER-KD) and two FER-KD mutants (K565R, S525A) in complexes with ATP/ADP and Mg2+ in the unphosphorylated state. Unphosphorylated FER-KD was found to adopt an unexpected active conformation in its crystal structure. Moreover, unphosphorylated FER-KD mutants with reduced (S525A) or no catalytic activity (K565R) also adopt similar active conformations. Biochemical studies revealed that FER-KD is a dual-specificity kinase, and its autophosphorylation is accomplished via an intermolecular mechanism. Further investigations confirmed that initiating substrate phosphorylation requires autophosphorylation of the activation segment on T696, S701, and Y704. This study reveals the structural and biochemical basis for the activation and regulatory mechanism of FER, providing a paradigm for the early steps in RLK signaling initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Lingli Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Heping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China.
| | - Zhenhua Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China.
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7
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Zhu Q, Feng Y, Xue J, Chen P, Zhang A, Yu Y. Advances in Receptor-like Protein Kinases in Balancing Plant Growth and Stress Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:427. [PMID: 36771514 PMCID: PMC9919196 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accompanying the process of growth and development, plants are exposed to ever-changing environments, which consequently trigger abiotic or biotic stress responses. The large protein family known as receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as in the response to various stresses. Understanding the biological function and molecular mechanism of RLKs is helpful for crop breeding. Research on the role and mechanism of RLKs has recently received considerable attention regarding the balance between plant growth and environmental adaptability. In this paper, we systematically review the classification of RLKs, the regulatory roles of RLKs in plant development (meristem activity, leaf morphology and reproduction) and in stress responses (disease resistance and environmental adaptation). This review focuses on recent findings revealing that RLKs simultaneously regulate plant growth and stress adaptation, which may pave the way for the better understanding of their function in crop improvement. Although the exact crosstalk between growth constraint and plant adaptation remains elusive, a profound study on the adaptive mechanisms for decoupling the developmental processes would be a promising direction for the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yang Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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8
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Wang P, Clark NM, Nolan TM, Song G, Whitham OG, Liao CY, Montes-Serey C, Bassham DC, Walley JW, Yin Y, Guo H. FERONIA functions through Target of Rapamycin (TOR) to negatively regulate autophagy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961096. [PMID: 36082288 PMCID: PMC9446147 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
FERONIA (FER) receptor kinase plays versatile roles in plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses, and reproduction. Autophagy is a conserved cellular recycling process that is critical for balancing plant growth and stress responses. Target of Rapamycin (TOR) has been shown to be a master regulator of autophagy. Our previous multi-omics analysis with loss-of-function fer-4 mutant implicated that FER functions in the autophagy pathway. We further demonstrated here that the fer-4 mutant displayed constitutive autophagy, and FER is required for TOR kinase activity measured by S6K1 phosphorylation and by root growth inhibition assay to TOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055. Taken together, our study provides a previously unknown mechanism by which FER functions through TOR to negatively regulate autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Natalie M. Clark
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Trevor M. Nolan
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gaoyuan Song
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Olivia G. Whitham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ching-Yi Liao
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Christian Montes-Serey
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Diane C. Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Plant Sciences Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Plant Sciences Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Hongqing Guo
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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9
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RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2121058119. [PMID: 35878023 PMCID: PMC9351349 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2121058119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell growth responds rapidly to various stimuli, adapting architecture to environmental changes. Two major endogenous signals regulating growth are the phytohormone auxin and the secreted peptides rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs). Both trigger very rapid cellular responses and also exert long-term effects [Du et al., Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 71, 379-402 (2020); Blackburn et al., Plant Physiol. 182, 1657-1666 (2020)]. However, the way, in which these distinct signaling pathways converge to regulate growth, remains unknown. Here, using vertical confocal microscopy combined with a microfluidic chip, we addressed the mechanism of RALF action on growth. We observed correlation between RALF1-induced rapid Arabidopsis thaliana root growth inhibition and apoplast alkalinization during the initial phase of the response, and revealed that RALF1 reversibly inhibits primary root growth through apoplast alkalinization faster than within 1 min. This rapid apoplast alkalinization was the result of RALF1-induced net H+ influx and was mediated by the receptor FERONIA (FER). Furthermore, we investigated the cross-talk between RALF1 and the auxin signaling pathways during root growth regulation. The results showed that RALF-FER signaling triggered auxin signaling with a delay of approximately 1 h by up-regulating auxin biosynthesis, thus contributing to sustained RALF1-induced growth inhibition. This biphasic RALF1 action on growth allows plants to respond rapidly to environmental stimuli and also reprogram growth and development in the long term.
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10
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Wang P, Clark NM, Nolan TM, Song G, Bartz PM, Liao CY, Montes-Serey C, Katz E, Polko JK, Kieber JJ, Kliebenstein DJ, Bassham DC, Walley JW, Yin Y, Guo H. Integrated omics reveal novel functions and underlying mechanisms of the receptor kinase FERONIA in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2594-2614. [PMID: 35435236 PMCID: PMC9252503 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) is a versatile regulator of plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses, and reproduction. To gain new insights into the molecular interplay of these processes and to identify new FER functions, we carried out quantitative transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome profiling of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) wild-type and fer-4 loss-of-function mutant plants. Gene ontology terms for phytohormone signaling, abiotic stress, and biotic stress were significantly enriched among differentially expressed transcripts, differentially abundant proteins, and/or misphosphorylated proteins, in agreement with the known roles for FER in these processes. Analysis of multiomics data and subsequent experimental evidence revealed previously unknown functions for FER in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) body formation and glucosinolate biosynthesis. FER functions through the transcription factor NAI1 to mediate ER body formation. FER also negatively regulates indole glucosinolate biosynthesis, partially through NAI1. Furthermore, we found that a group of abscisic acid (ABA)-induced transcription factors is hypophosphorylated in the fer-4 mutant and demonstrated that FER acts through the transcription factor ABA INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5) to negatively regulate the ABA response during cotyledon greening. Our integrated omics study, therefore, reveals novel functions for FER and provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of FER function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Natalie M Clark
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - Gaoyuan Song
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Parker M Bartz
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Ching-Yi Liao
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Christian Montes-Serey
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Ella Katz
- Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Joanna K Polko
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Joseph J Kieber
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | | | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Justin W Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Plant Sciences Institutes, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Author for correspondence: (H.G.); (Y.Y)
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11
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Gronnier J, Franck CM, Stegmann M, DeFalco TA, Abarca A, von Arx M, Dünser K, Lin W, Yang Z, Kleine-Vehn J, Ringli C, Zipfel C. Regulation of immune receptor kinase plasma membrane nanoscale organization by a plant peptide hormone and its receptors. eLife 2022; 11:74162. [PMID: 34989334 PMCID: PMC8791635 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial partitioning is a propensity of biological systems orchestrating cell activities in space and time. The dynamic regulation of plasma membrane nano-environments has recently emerged as a key fundamental aspect of plant signaling, but the molecular components governing it are still mostly unclear. The receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) controls ligand-induced complex formation of the immune receptor kinase FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) with its co-receptor BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1), and perception of the endogenous peptide hormone RAPID ALKALANIZATION FACTOR 23 (RALF23) by FER inhibits immunity. Here, we show that FER regulates the plasma membrane nanoscale organization of FLS2 and BAK1. Our study demonstrates that akin to FER, leucine-rich repeat (LRR) extensin proteins (LRXs) contribute to RALF23 responsiveness and regulate BAK1 nanoscale organization and immune signaling. Furthermore, RALF23 perception leads to rapid modification of FLS2 and BAK1 nanoscale organization, and its inhibitory activity on immune signaling relies on FER kinase activity. Our results suggest that perception of RALF peptides by FER and LRXs actively modulates plasma membrane nanoscale organization to regulate cell surface signaling by other ligand-binding receptor kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gronnier
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Christina M Franck
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Stegmann
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia Abarca
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle von Arx
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kai Dünser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wenwei Lin
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Ringli
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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12
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Ortiz-Morea FA, Liu J, Shan L, He P. Malectin-like receptor kinases as protector deities in plant immunity. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:27-37. [PMID: 34931075 PMCID: PMC9059209 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-01028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant malectin-like receptor kinases (MLRs), also known as Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase-1-like proteins, are well known for their functions in pollen tube reception and tip growth, cell wall integrity sensing, and hormonal responses. Recently, mounting evidence has indicated a critical role for MLRs in plant immunity. Here we focus on the emerging functions of MLRs in modulating the two-tiered immune system mediated by cell-surface-resident pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs). MLRs complex with PRRs and NLRs and regulate immune receptor complex formation and stability. Rapid alkalinization factor peptide ligands, LORELEI-like glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and cell-wall-associated leucine-rich repeat extensins coordinate with MLRs to orchestrate PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity. We discuss the common theme and unique features of MLR complexes concatenating different branches of plant immune signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Andres Ortiz-Morea
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Amazonian Research Center Cimaz-Macagual, University of the Amazon, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Libo Shan
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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13
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Zhu S, Fu Q, Xu F, Zheng H, Yu F. New paradigms in cell adaptation: decades of discoveries on the CrRLK1L receptor kinase signalling network. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:1168-1183. [PMID: 34424552 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs), which constitute the largest receptor family in plants, are essential for perceiving and relaying information about various environmental stimuli. Tremendous progress has been made in the past few decades towards elucidating the mechanisms of action of several RLKs, with emerging paradigms pointing to their roles in cell adaptations. Among these paradigms, Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) proteins and their rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptide ligands have attracted much interest. In particular, FERONIA (FER) is a CrRLK1L protein that participates in a wide array of physiological processes associated with RALF signalling, including cell growth and monitoring cell wall integrity, RNA and energy metabolism, and phytohormone and stress responses. Here, we analyse FER in the context of CrRLK1L members and their ligands in multiple species. The FER working model raises many questions about the role of CrRLK1L signalling networks during cell adaptation. For example, how do CrRLK1Ls recognize various RALF peptides from different organisms to initiate specific phosphorylation signal cascades? How do RALF-FER complexes achieve their specific, sometimes opposite, functions in different cell types? Here, we summarize recent major findings and highlight future perspectives in the field of CrRLK1L signalling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Fan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre, Changsha, 410125, China
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14
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Wang X, Wu MH, Xiao D, Huang RL, Zhan J, Wang AQ, He LF. Genome-wide identification and evolutionary analysis of RLKs involved in the response to aluminium stress in peanut. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:281. [PMID: 34154532 PMCID: PMC8215822 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an important cash crop, the yield of peanut is influenced by soil acidification and pathogen infection. Receptor-like protein kinases play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. However, little is known about the number, location, structure, molecular phylogeny, and expression of RLKs in peanut, and no comprehensive analysis of RLKs in the Al stress response in peanuts have been reported. RESULTS A total of 1311 AhRLKs were identified from the peanut genome. The AhLRR-RLKs and AhLecRLKs were further divided into 24 and 35 subfamilies, respectively. The AhRLKs were randomly distributed across all 20 chromosomes in the peanut. Among these AhRLKs, 9.53% and 61.78% originated from tandem duplications and segmental duplications, respectively. The ka/ks ratios of 96.97% (96/99) of tandem duplication gene pairs and 98.78% (646/654) of segmental duplication gene pairs were less than 1. Among the tested tandem duplication clusters, there were 28 gene conversion events. Moreover, all total of 90 Al-responsive AhRLKs were identified by mining transcriptome data, and they were divided into 7 groups. Most of the Al-responsive AhRLKs that clustered together had similar motifs and evolutionarily conserved structures. The gene expression patterns of these genes in different tissues were further analysed, and tissue-specifically expressed genes, including 14 root-specific Al-responsive AhRLKs were found. In addition, all 90 Al-responsive AhRLKs which were distributed unevenly in the subfamilies of AhRLKs, showed different expression patterns between the two peanut varieties (Al-sensitive and Al-tolerant) under Al stress. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we analysed the RLK gene family in the peanut genome. Segmental duplication events were the main driving force for AhRLK evolution, and most AhRLKs subject to purifying selection. A total of 90 genes were identified as Al-responsive AhRLKs, and the classification, conserved motifs, structures, tissue expression patterns and predicted functions of Al-responsive AhRLKs were further analysed and discussed, revealing their putative roles. This study provides a better understanding of the structures and functions of AhRLKs and Al-responsive AhRLKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ming-Hua Wu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, GuangxiColleges and Universities, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Ruo-Lan Huang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, GuangxiColleges and Universities, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ai-Qin Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, GuangxiColleges and Universities, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Long-Fei He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, GuangxiColleges and Universities, Nanning, 530004, China
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15
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Xiang Q, Lott AA, Assmann SM, Chen S. Advances and perspectives in the metabolomics of stomatal movement and the disease triangle. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110697. [PMID: 33288010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crops are continuously exposed to microbial pathogens that cause tremendous yield losses worldwide. Stomatal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells in the leaf epidermis represent a major route of pathogen entry. Guard cells have an essential role as a first line of defense against pathogens. Metabolomics is an indispensable systems biology tool that has facilitated discovery and functional studies of metabolites that regulate stomatal movement in response to pathogens and other environmental factors. Guard cells, pathogens and environmental factors constitute the "stomatal disease triangle". The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances toward understanding the stomatal disease triangle in the context of newly discovered signaling molecules, hormone crosstalk, and consequent molecular changes that integrate pathogens and environmental sensing into stomatal immune responses. Future perspectives on emerging single-cell studies, multiomics and molecular imaging in the context of stomatal defense are discussed. Advances in this important area of plant biology will inform rational crop engineering and breeding for enhanced stomatal defense without disruption of other pathways that impact crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Xiang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aneirin A Lott
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, FL, USA; Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Florida, FL, USA.
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16
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Hsu PK, Dubeaux G, Takahashi Y, Schroeder JI. Signaling mechanisms in abscisic acid-mediated stomatal closure. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:307-321. [PMID: 33145840 PMCID: PMC7902384 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of stomatal movements under water-deficit conditions. The identification of ABA receptors and the ABA signaling core consisting of PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors, PP2C protein phosphatases and SnRK2 protein kinases has led to studies that have greatly advanced our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms mediating ABA-induced stomatal closure in the past decade. This review focuses on recent progress in illuminating the regulatory mechanisms of ABA signal transduction, and the physiological importance of basal ABA signaling in stomatal regulation by CO2 and, as hypothesized here, vapor-pressure deficit. Furthermore, advances in understanding the interactions of ABA and other stomatal signaling pathways are reviewed here. We also review recent studies investigating the use of ABA signaling mechanisms for the manipulation of stomatal conductance and the enhancement of drought tolerance and water-use efficiency of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kai Hsu
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Guillaume Dubeaux
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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17
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Bhardwaj D, Sahoo RK, Naqvi AR, Lakhanpaul S, Tuteja N. Pea Gβ subunit of G proteins has a role in nitric oxide-induced stomatal closure in response to heat and drought stress. PROTOPLASMA 2020; 257:1639-1654. [PMID: 32737572 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins consisting of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits act as downstream effectors to regulate multiple functions including abiotic stress tolerance. However, the mechanism of Gβ-mediated heat and drought tolerance is yet to be established. To explore the role of Pisum sativum Gβ subunit (PsGβ) in heat and drought stress, transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing (OEs) PsGβ were raised. Transgenic plants showing ectopic expression of PsGβ performed better under heat and drought stress in comparison with vector control plants. The seed germination, relative water content (RWC) and nitric oxide (NO) induction in the guard cells of transgenic plants were significantly higher in contrast to control plants. PsGβ promoter was isolated and several stress-responsive elements were identified. The change in Gβ expression in response to heat, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA), drought and salt confirms the presence of heat, low temperature and drought-responsive elements in the PsGβ promoter. Also, heat and drought stress caused the release of NO-induced stomatal closure in the leaves of transgenic tobacco plants OEs PsGβ. The better performance of transgenic plant OEs PsGβ is also attributed to the improved photosynthetic parameters as compared with control plants. These findings suggest a role of PsGβ in the signalling pathway leading to NO-induced stomatal closure during heat and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhardwaj
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Afsar Raza Naqvi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | | | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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18
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Ji D, Chen T, Zhang Z, Li B, Tian S. Versatile Roles of the Receptor-Like Kinase Feronia in Plant Growth, Development and Host-Pathogen Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7881. [PMID: 33114219 PMCID: PMC7660594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a member of the Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) protein kinase subfamily, FERONIA (FER) has emerged as a versatile player regulating multifaceted functions in growth and development, as well as responses to environmental factors and pathogens. With the concerted efforts of researchers, the molecular mechanism underlying FER-dependent signaling has been gradually elucidated. A number of cellular processes regulated by FER-ligand interactions have been extensively reported, implying cell type-specific mechanisms for FER. Here, we provide a review on the roles of FER in male-female gametophyte recognition, cell elongation, hormonal signaling, stress responses, responses to fungi and bacteria, and present a brief outlook for future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (D.J.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (D.J.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Zhanquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (D.J.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Boqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (D.J.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Shiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (D.J.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
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19
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Zhang X, Peng H, Zhu S, Xing J, Li X, Zhu Z, Zheng J, Wang L, Wang B, Chen J, Ming Z, Yao K, Jian J, Luan S, Coleman-Derr D, Liao H, Peng Y, Peng D, Yu F. Nematode-Encoded RALF Peptide Mimics Facilitate Parasitism of Plants through the FERONIA Receptor Kinase. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:1434-1454. [PMID: 32896643 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism by which plants defend against plant root-knot nematodes (RKNs) is largely unknown. The plant receptor kinase FERONIA and its peptide ligands, rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs), regulate plant immune responses and cell expansion, which are two important factors for successful RKN parasitism. In this study, we found that mutation of FERONIA in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in plants showing low susceptibility to the RKN Meloidogyne incognita. To identify the underlying mechanisms associated with this phenomenon, we identified 18 novel RALF-likes from multiple species of RKNs and showed that two RALF-likes (i.e., MiRALF1 and MiRALF3) from M. incognita were expressed in the esophageal gland with high expression during the parasitic stages of nematode development. These nematode RALF-likes also possess the typical activities of plant RALFs and can directly bind to the extracellular domain of FERONIA to modulate specific steps of nematode parasitism-related immune responses and cell expansion. Genetically, both MiRALF1/3 and FERONIA are required for RKN parasitism in Arabidopsis and rice. Collectively, our study suggests that nematode-encoded RALFs facilitate parasitism via plant-encoded FERONIA and provides a novel paradigm for studying host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Sirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jingyuan Zheng
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Bingqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhuo Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Devin Coleman-Derr
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hongdong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China.
| | - Yousong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China.
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China.
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Wu D, Yu F. RALF-FERONIA Signaling: Linking Plant Immune Response with Cell Growth. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100084. [PMID: 33367248 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020b.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants perceive various external and internal signals to self-modulate biological processes through members of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) family, among which Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) proteins with their ligands, rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides, have attracted considerable interest. FERONIA (FER), a CrRLK1L member, was initially reported to act as a major plant cell growth modulator in distinct tissues. Subsequently, the RALF-FER pathway was confirmed to function as an essential regulator of plant stress responses, including but not limited to immune responses. Furthermore, the RALF-FER pathway modulates immune responses and cell growth in a context-specific manner, and the vital roles of this pathway are beginning to be appreciated in crop species. The recent remarkable advances in understanding the functions and molecular mechanisms of the RALF-FER pathway have also raised many interesting questions that need to be answered in the future. This review mainly focuses on the roles of FER and other CrRLK1L members in modulating immune responses in the context of cell growth in response to their RALF peptide ligands and presents a brief outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Zhuhong Yang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
| | - Dousheng Wu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
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21
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Wu D, Yu F. RALF-FERONIA Signaling: Linking Plant Immune Response with Cell Growth. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100084. [PMID: 33367248 PMCID: PMC7747976 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants perceive various external and internal signals to self-modulate biological processes through members of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) family, among which Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) proteins with their ligands, rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides, have attracted considerable interest. FERONIA (FER), a CrRLK1L member, was initially reported to act as a major plant cell growth modulator in distinct tissues. Subsequently, the RALF-FER pathway was confirmed to function as an essential regulator of plant stress responses, including but not limited to immune responses. Furthermore, the RALF-FER pathway modulates immune responses and cell growth in a context-specific manner, and the vital roles of this pathway are beginning to be appreciated in crop species. The recent remarkable advances in understanding the functions and molecular mechanisms of the RALF-FER pathway have also raised many interesting questions that need to be answered in the future. This review mainly focuses on the roles of FER and other CrRLK1L members in modulating immune responses in the context of cell growth in response to their RALF peptide ligands and presents a brief outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Zhuhong Yang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
| | - Dousheng Wu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, P.R. China
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22
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Chen J, Zhu S, Ming Z, Liu X, Yu F. FERONIA cytoplasmic domain: node of varied signal outputs. ABIOTECH 2020; 1:135-146. [PMID: 36304718 PMCID: PMC9590563 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-020-00017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The receptor-like kinase (RLK) FERONIA (FER), located on the plasma membrane, belongs to the Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like kinase family (CrRLK1L) and participates in widespread biological processes in plants in a context-dependent fashion. Genetic studies in Arabidopsis illustrated the versatile roles that FER plays in fertilization, vegetative growth, defense and stress responses, cell-wall homeostasis, as well as protein synthesis. These studies also helped to identify genes and signal pathways involved in FER signal transduction. Despite increasingly larger numbers of studies discussing how FER senses its ligand, Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides, and further regulates downstream factors, few have shown the mechanisms of how FER mediates the specific regulation of downstream signals in context of the phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. As understanding this would help in better understanding the diversity and complexity of FER function, this paper aims to review the roles of FER in regulating different signal outputs from the view of the role of its cytoplasmic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P.R. China
| | - Sirui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 P.R. China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P.R. China
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23
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Blackburn MR, Haruta M, Moura DS. Twenty Years of Progress in Physiological and Biochemical Investigation of RALF Peptides. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1657-1666. [PMID: 32071151 PMCID: PMC7140910 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
RALF isoforms play many biological roles, and their specific functions are defined by combinatorial interactions with dynamic receptor complexes that vary more than initially thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Miyoshi Haruta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Daniel S Moura
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
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