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Lum KK, Reed TJ, Yang J, Cristea IM. Differential Contributions of Interferon Classes to Host Inflammatory Responses and Restricting Virus Progeny Production. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38564653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fundamental to mammalian intrinsic and innate immune defenses against pathogens is the production of Type I and Type II interferons, such as IFN-β and IFN-γ, respectively. The comparative effects of IFN classes on the cellular proteome, protein interactions, and virus restriction within cell types that differentially contribute to immune defenses are needed for understanding immune signaling. Here, a multilayered proteomic analysis, paired with biochemical and molecular virology assays, allows distinguishing host responses to IFN-β and IFN-γ and associated antiviral impacts during infection with several ubiquitous human viruses. In differentiated macrophage-like monocytic cells, we classified proteins upregulated by IFN-β, IFN-γ, or pro-inflammatory LPS. Using parallel reaction monitoring, we developed a proteotypic peptide library for shared and unique ISG signatures of each IFN class, enabling orthogonal confirmation of protein alterations. Thermal proximity coaggregation analysis identified the assembly and maintenance of IFN-induced protein interactions. Comparative proteomics and cytokine responses in macrophage-like monocytic cells and primary keratinocytes provided contextualization of their relative capacities to restrict virus production during infection with herpes simplex virus type-1, adenovirus, and human cytomegalovirus. Our findings demonstrate how IFN classes induce distinct ISG abundance and interaction profiles that drive antiviral defenses within cell types that differentially coordinate mammalian immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystal K Lum
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tavis J Reed
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jinhang Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Yan D, Li G, Yuan Y, Li H, Cao H, Dai Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li F, Fang Y, Gao Q. SOCS3 inhibiting JAK-STAT pathway enhances oncolytic adenovirus efficacy by potentiating viral replication and T-cell activation. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:397-409. [PMID: 38102464 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as a potentially useful treatment for malignancies due to the capabilities of direct oncolysis and immune induction. Improving the replication of OVs is an effective approach to enhance the oncolytic effects. Here, we observed that cancer cells with deficiencies in JAK-STAT pathway showed greater sensitivity to oncolytic adenovirus (oAd), and JAK inhibitor could enhance the replication of oAd. Therefore, we constructed a novel oAd expressing SOCS3, a major negative regulator of JAK-STAT pathway, and confirmed that oAd-SOCS3 exhibited a more significant antitumor effect than oAd-Ctrl both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SOCS3 inhibited the activation of JAK-STAT pathway, resulting in stronger tumor selective replication of oAd and downregulated expression of PD-L1 on cancer cells as well. Both benefits could collectively awaken antitumor immunity. This study highlights the importance of JAK-STAT pathway in viral replication and confirms the treatment of oAd-SOCS3 in potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danmei Yan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Guannan Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Huayi Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Heng Cao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yilin Dai
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Fei Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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3
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Schober SJ, Thiede M, Gassmann H, von Ofen AJ, Knoch P, Eck J, Prexler C, Kordass-Wally C, Hauer J, Burdach S, Holm PS, Thiel U. TCR-transgenic T cells and YB-1-based oncolytic virotherapy improve survival in a preclinical Ewing sarcoma xenograft mouse model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330868. [PMID: 38318175 PMCID: PMC10839048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive and highly metastatic bone and soft tissue tumor in pediatric patients and young adults. Cure rates are low when patients present with metastatic or relapsed disease. Therefore, innovative therapy approaches are urgently needed. Cellular- and oncolytic virus-based immunotherapies are on the rise for solid cancers. Methods Here, we assess the combination of EwS tumor-associated antigen CHM1319-specific TCR-transgenic CD8+ T cells and the YB-1-driven (i.e. E1A13S-deleted) oncolytic adenovirus XVir-N-31 in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model for antitumor activity and immunostimulatory properties. Results In vitro both approaches specifically kill EwS cell lines in a synergistic manner over controls. This effect was confirmed in vivo, with increased survival using the combination therapy. Further in vitro analyses of immunogenic cell death and antigen presentation confirmed immunostimulatory properties of virus-infected EwS tumor cells. As dendritic cell maturation was also increased by XVir-N-31, we observed superior proliferation of CHM1319-specific TCR-transgenic CD8+ T cells only in virus-tested conditions, emphasizing the superior immune-activating potential of XVir-N-31. Conclusion Our data prove synergistic antitumor effects in vitro and superior tumor control in a preclinical xenograft setting. Combination strategies of EwS-redirected T cells and YB-1-driven virotherapy are a highly promising immunotherapeutic approach for EwS and warrant further evaluation in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. Schober
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Thiede
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Gassmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Josefine von Ofen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pia Knoch
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Eck
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Prexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Corazon Kordass-Wally
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Per Sonne Holm
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Chau KM, Dominic A, Davis EL, Kotla S, Berrios ET, Fahim A, Arunesh A, Li S, Zhao D, Chen K, Davis AR, Nguyen MTH, Wang Y, Evans SE, Wang G, Cooke JP, Abe JI, Huston DP, Le NT. TNIK regulation of interferon signaling and endothelial cell response to virus infection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1213428. [PMID: 38264262 PMCID: PMC10803426 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1213428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traf2 and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) is known for its regulatory role in various processes within cancer cells. However, its role within endothelial cells (ECs) has remained relatively unexplored. Methods Leveraging RNA-seq data and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), we probed the potential impact of TNIK depletion on ECs. Results Examination of RNA-seq data uncovered more than 450 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in TNIK-depleted ECs, displaying a fold change exceeding 2 with a false discovery rate (FDR) below 0.05. IPA analysis unveiled that TNIK depletion leads to the inhibition of the interferon (IFN) pathway [-log (p-value) >11], downregulation of IFN-related genes, and inhibition of Hypercytokinemia/Hyperchemokinemia [-log (p-value) >8]. The validation process encompassed qRT-PCR to evaluate mRNA expression of crucial IFN-related genes, immunoblotting to gauge STAT1 and STAT2 protein levels, and ELISA for the quantification of IFN and cytokine secretion in siTNIK-depleted ECs. These assessments consistently revealed substantial reductions upon TNIK depletion. When transducing HUVECs with replication incompetent E1-E4 deleted adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP), it was demonstrated that TNIK depletion did not affect the uptake of Ad-GFP. Nonetheless, TNIK depletion induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in ECs transduced with wild-type human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad-WT). Summary Our findings suggest that TNIK plays a crucial role in regulating the EC response to virus infections through modulation of the IFN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh M. Chau
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Abishai Dominic
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Eleanor L. Davis
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Estefani Turcios Berrios
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Arsany Fahim
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ashwin Arunesh
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shengyu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alan R. Davis
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yongxing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott E. Evans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David P. Huston
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine Texas A&M University, College Station, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
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Gao S, Li R, Zhang X, Wang Z. Identification of ORF1B as a unique nonstructural protein for fowl adenovirus serotype 4. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106508. [PMID: 38141742 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), the causative agent of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), is a double-stranded DNA virus. Although many structural proteins have been deeply studied, the coding potential of some other open reading frames (ORFs) and the biological functions of their products during virus infection have not been fully elucidated. Here, a unique nonstructural protein ORF1B of FAdV-4 was identified and its expression kinetics along infection was analyzed. Except that of FAdV-10, a member of the same genus as FAdV-4, FAdV-4 ORF1B shared as low homologous identity as 29.2% in amino acid sequence with the other ten counterparts. Structurally, ORF1B was mapped on the N-terminal region of the genome between 1485 nt to 1808 nt and predicted to only contain two α-helix. Confocal immunofluorescence assay with homemade rabbit polyclonal antibody demonstrated that ORF1B could be simultaneously observed with structural protein Fiber 1 in FAdV-4-infected cells. Western blot further showed that ORF1B could only be detected in the infected cells but not mature virions, suggesting ORF1B was a nonstructural protein. Subsequently, the expression level of ORF1B detected by qRT-PCR and IFA was gradually decreased along with FAdV-4 infection, suggesting ORF1B was an early gene transcript. These results will lay a solid foundation to further study the biological effect of ORF1B on the replication and pathogenicity of FAdV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyan Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ruixue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaozhan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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Silonov SA, Mokin YI, Nedelyaev EM, Smirnov EY, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK, Uversky VN, Fonin AV. On the Prevalence and Roles of Proteins Undergoing Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in the Biogenesis of PML-Bodies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1805. [PMID: 38136675 PMCID: PMC10741438 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation and function of membrane-less organelles (MLOs) is one of the main driving forces in the molecular life of the cell. These processes are based on the separation of biopolymers into phases regulated by multiple specific and nonspecific inter- and intramolecular interactions. Among the realm of MLOs, a special place is taken by the promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs or PML bodies), which are the intranuclear compartments involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism, transcription, the maintenance of genome stability, responses to viral infection, apoptosis, and tumor suppression. According to the accepted models, specific interactions, such as SUMO/SIM, the formation of disulfide bonds, etc., play a decisive role in the biogenesis of PML bodies. In this work, a number of bioinformatics approaches were used to study proteins found in the proteome of PML bodies for their tendency for spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which is usually caused by weak nonspecific interactions. A total of 205 proteins found in PML bodies have been identified. It has been suggested that UBC9, P53, HIPK2, and SUMO1 can be considered as the scaffold proteins of PML bodies. It was shown that more than half of the proteins in the analyzed proteome are capable of spontaneous LLPS, with 85% of the analyzed proteins being intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and the remaining 15% being proteins with intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs). About 44% of all proteins analyzed in this study contain SUMO binding sites and can potentially be SUMOylated. These data suggest that weak nonspecific interactions play a significantly larger role in the formation and biogenesis of PML bodies than previously expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Silonov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Yakov I. Mokin
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Eugene M. Nedelyaev
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Eugene Y. Smirnov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Irina M. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Konstantin K. Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Alexander V. Fonin
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (S.A.S.); (Y.I.M.); (E.M.N.); (E.Y.S.); (I.M.K.); (K.K.T.)
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Wu W, Huang C. SUMOylation and DeSUMOylation: Prospective therapeutic targets in cancer. Life Sci 2023; 332:122085. [PMID: 37722589 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The SUMO family is a type of ubiquitin-like protein modification molecule. Its protein modification mechanism is similar to that of ubiquitination: both involve modifier-activating enzyme E1, conjugating enzyme E2 and substrate-specific ligase E3. However, polyubiquitination can lead to the degradation of substrate proteins, while poly-SUMOylation only leads to the degradation of substrate proteins through the proteasome pathway after being recognized by ubiquitin as a signal factor. There are currently five reported subtypes in the SUMO family, namely SUMO1-5. As a reversible dynamic modification, intracellular sentrin/SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs) mainly regulate the reverse reaction pathway of SUMOylation. The SUMOylation modification system affects the localization, activation and turnover of proteins in cells and participates in regulating most nuclear and extranuclear molecular reactions. Abnormal expression of proteins related to the SUMOylation pathway is commonly observed in tumors, indicating that this pathway is closely related to tumor occurrence, metastasis and invasion. This review mainly discusses the composition of members in the protein family related to SUMOylation pathways, mutual connections between SUMOylation and other post-translational modifications on proteins as well as therapeutic drugs developed based on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Wu
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Medical School, Kunming 650500, China.
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8
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Arnold EA, Kaai RJ, Leung K, Brinkley MR, Kelnhofer-Millevolte LE, Guo MS, Avgousti DC. Adenovirus protein VII binds the A-box of HMGB1 to repress interferon responses. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011633. [PMID: 37703278 PMCID: PMC10519595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses hijack host proteins to promote infection and dampen host defenses. Adenovirus encodes the multifunctional protein VII that serves both to compact viral genomes inside the virion and disrupt host chromatin. Protein VII binds the abundant nuclear protein high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and sequesters HMGB1 in chromatin. HMGB1 is an abundant host nuclear protein that can also be released from infected cells as an alarmin to amplify inflammatory responses. By sequestering HMGB1, protein VII prevents its release, thus inhibiting downstream inflammatory signaling. However, the consequences of this chromatin sequestration on host transcription are unknown. Here, we employ bacterial two-hybrid interaction assays and human cell culture to interrogate the mechanism of the protein VII-HMGB1 interaction. HMGB1 contains two DNA binding domains, the A- and B-boxes, that bend DNA to promote transcription factor binding while the C-terminal tail regulates this interaction. We demonstrate that protein VII interacts directly with the A-box of HMGB1, an interaction that is inhibited by the HMGB1 C-terminal tail. By cellular fractionation, we show that protein VII renders A-box containing constructs insoluble, thereby acting to prevent their release from cells. This sequestration is not dependent on HMGB1's ability to bind DNA but does require post-translational modifications on protein VII. Importantly, we demonstrate that protein VII inhibits expression of interferon β, in an HMGB1-dependent manner, but does not affect transcription of downstream interferon-stimulated genes. Together, our results demonstrate that protein VII specifically harnesses HMGB1 through its A-box domain to depress the innate immune response and promote infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A. Arnold
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Robin J. Kaai
- Molecular & Cellular Biology, Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Katie Leung
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Mia R. Brinkley
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Monica S. Guo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daphne C. Avgousti
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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9
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Shinoda S, Sharma NS, Nakamura N, Inoko K, Sato‐Dahlman M, Murugan P, Davydova J, Yamamoto M. Interferon-expressing oncolytic adenovirus + chemoradiation inhibited pancreatic cancer growth in a hamster model. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3759-3769. [PMID: 37439437 PMCID: PMC10475772 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Past clinical trials of adjuvant therapy combined with interferon (IFN) alpha, fluorouracil, cisplatin, and radiation improved the 5-year survival rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, these trials also revealed the disadvantages of the systemic toxicity of IFN and insufficient delivery of IFN. To improve efficacy and tolerability, we have developed an oncolytic adenovirus-expressing IFN (IFN-OAd). Here, we evaluated IFN-OAd in combination with chemotherapy (gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel) + radiation. Combination index (CI) analysis showed that IFN-OAd + chemotherapy + radiation was synergistic (CI <1). Notably, IFN-OAd + chemotherapy + radiation remarkably suppressed tumor growth and induced a higher number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes without severe side toxic effects in an immunocompetent and adenovirus replication-permissive hamster PDAC model. This is the first study to report that gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel, the current first-line chemotherapy for PDAC, did not hamper virus replication in a replication-permissive immunocompetent model. IFN-OAd has the potential to overcome the barriers to clinical application of IFN-based therapy through its tumor-specific expression of IFN, induction of antitumor immunity, and sensitization with chemoradiation. Combining IFN-OAd with gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel + radiation might be an effective and clinically beneficial treatment for PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Shinoda
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyYamaguchi University Graduate school of MedicineYamaguchiJapan
| | | | | | - Kazuho Inoko
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Mizuho Sato‐Dahlman
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Paari Murugan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Julia Davydova
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Institute of Molecular VirologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
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10
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Ponce S, Cedrés S, Ricordel C, Isambert N, Viteri S, Herrera-Juarez M, Martinez-Marti A, Navarro A, Lederlin M, Serres X, Zugazagoitia J, Vetrhus S, Jaderberg M, Hansen TB, Levitsky V, Paz-Ares L. ONCOS-102 plus pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a randomized phase 2 study investigating clinical outcomes and the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007552. [PMID: 37661097 PMCID: PMC10476122 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ONCOS-102, an oncolytic adenovirus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, can alter the tumor microenvironment to an immunostimulatory state. Combining ONCOS-102 with standard-of-care chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) may improve treatment outcomes. METHODS In this open-label, randomized study, patients with unresectable MPM received intratumoral ONCOS-102 (3×1011 virus particles on days 1, 4, 8, 36, 78, and 120) and pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin (from day 22), or pemetrexed plus cisplatin/carboplatin alone. The primary endpoint was safety. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, objective response rate, and tumor immunologic activation (baseline and day 36 biopsies) were also assessed. RESULTS In total, 31 patients (safety lead-in: n=6, randomized: n=25) were enrolled. Anemia (15.0% and 27.3%) and neutropenia (40.0% and 45.5%) were the most frequent grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) in the ONCOS-102 (n=20) and chemotherapy-alone (n=11) cohorts. No patients discontinued ONCOS-102 due to AEs. No statistically significant difference in efficacy endpoints was observed. There was a numerical improvement in OS (30-month OS rate 34.1% vs 0; median OS 20.3 vs 13.5 months) with ONCOS-102 versus chemotherapy alone in chemotherapy-naïve patients (n=17). By day 36, ONCOS-102 was associated with increased T-cell infiltration and immune-related gene expression that was not observed in the control cohort. Substantial immune activation in the tumor microenvironment was associated with survival at month 18 in the ONCOS-102 cohort. CONCLUSIONS ONCOS-102 plus pemetrexed and cisplatin/carboplatin was well tolerated by patients with MPM. In injected tumors, ONCOS-102 promoted a proinflammatory environment, including T-cell infiltration, which showed association with survival at month 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Ponce
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Cedrés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charles Ricordel
- Department of Pulmonology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Santiago Viteri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Oncológico Rosell, Grupo Quironsalud, Hospital Universitario Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alex Martinez-Marti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Navarro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathieu Lederlin
- Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Xavier Serres
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Research Unit, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sylvia Vetrhus
- Research and Development, Circio Holding ASA, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Research Unit, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Liu HW, Roisné-Hamelin F, Gruber S. SMC-based immunity against extrachromosomal DNA elements. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1571-1583. [PMID: 37584323 PMCID: PMC10586767 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
SMC and SMC-like complexes promote chromosome folding and genome maintenance in all domains of life. Recently, they were also recognized as factors in cellular immunity against foreign DNA. In bacteria and archaea, Wadjet and Lamassu are anti-plasmid/phage defence systems, while Smc5/6 and Rad50 complexes play a role in anti-viral immunity in humans. This raises an intriguing paradox - how can the same, or closely related, complexes on one hand secure the integrity and maintenance of chromosomal DNA, while on the other recognize and restrict extrachromosomal DNA? In this minireview, we will briefly describe the latest understanding of each of these complexes in immunity including speculations on how principles of SMC(-like) function may explain how the systems recognize linear or circular forms of invading DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Wing Liu
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology (DMF), Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florian Roisné-Hamelin
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology (DMF), Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Gruber
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology (DMF), Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Wang Y, Shao W. Innate Immune Response to Viral Vectors in Gene Therapy. Viruses 2023; 15:1801. [PMID: 37766208 PMCID: PMC10536768 DOI: 10.3390/v15091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors play a pivotal role in the field of gene therapy, with several related drugs having already gained clinical approval from the EMA and FDA. However, numerous viral gene therapy vectors are currently undergoing pre-clinical research or participating in clinical trials. Despite advancements, the innate response remains a significant barrier impeding the clinical development of viral gene therapy. The innate immune response to viral gene therapy vectors and transgenes is still an important reason hindering its clinical development. Extensive studies have demonstrated that different DNA and RNA sensors can detect adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and lentiviruses, thereby activating various innate immune pathways such as Toll-like receptor (TLR), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING), and retinoic acid-inducible gene I-mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (RLR-MAVS). This review focuses on elucidating the mechanisms underlying the innate immune response induced by three widely utilized viral vectors: adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus, as well as the strategies employed to circumvent innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenwei Shao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
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13
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Zhu J, Chiang C, Gack MU. Viral evasion of the interferon response at a glance. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260682. [PMID: 37341132 PMCID: PMC10411950 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Re-emerging and new viral pathogens have caused significant morbidity and mortality around the world, as evidenced by the recent monkeypox, Ebola and Zika virus outbreaks and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Successful viral infection relies on tactical viral strategies to derail or antagonize host innate immune defenses, in particular the production of type I interferons (IFNs) by infected cells. Viruses can thwart intracellular sensing systems that elicit IFN gene expression (that is, RIG-I-like receptors and the cGAS-STING axis) or obstruct signaling elicited by IFNs. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we review the current knowledge about the major mechanisms employed by viruses to inhibit the activity of intracellular pattern-recognition receptors and their downstream signaling cascades leading to IFN-based antiviral host defenses. Advancing our understanding of viral immune evasion might spur unprecedented opportunities to develop new antiviral compounds or vaccines to prevent viral infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Zhu
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Cindy Chiang
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Michaela U. Gack
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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14
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Arnold EA, Kaai RJ, Leung K, Brinkley MR, Kelnhofer-Millevolte LE, Guo MS, Avgousti DC. Adenovirus protein VII binds the A-box of HMGB1 to repress interferon responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.17.537247. [PMID: 37131771 PMCID: PMC10153217 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.17.537247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Viruses hijack host proteins to promote infection and dampen host defenses. Adenovirus encodes the multifunctional protein VII that serves both to compact viral genomes inside the virion and disrupt host chromatin. Protein VII binds the abundant nuclear protein high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and sequesters HMGB1 in chromatin. HMGB1 is an abundant host nuclear protein that can also be released from infected cells as an alarmin to amplify inflammatory responses. By sequestering HMGB1, protein VII prevents its release, thus inhibiting downstream inflammatory signaling. However, the consequences of this chromatin sequestration on host transcription are unknown. Here, we employ bacterial two-hybrid interaction assays and human cell biological systems to interrogate the mechanism of the protein VII-HMGB1 interaction. HMGB1 contains two DNA binding domains, the A- and B-boxes, that bend DNA to promote transcription factor binding while the C-terminal tail regulates this interaction. We demonstrate that protein VII interacts directly with the A-box of HMGB1, an interaction that is inhibited by the HMGB1 C-terminal tail. By cellular fractionation, we show that protein VII renders A-box containing constructs insoluble, thereby acting to prevent their release from cells. This sequestration is not dependent on HMGB1's ability to bind DNA but does require post-translational modifications on protein VII. Importantly, we demonstrate that protein VII inhibits expression of interferon β, in an HMGB1- dependent manner, but does not affect transcription of downstream interferon- stimulated genes. Together, our results demonstrate that protein VII specifically harnesses HMGB1 through its A-box domain to depress the innate immune response and promote infection.
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15
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Shoushtari AN, Olszanski AJ, Nyakas M, Hornyak TJ, Wolchok JD, Levitsky V, Kuryk L, Hansen TB, Jäderberg M. Pilot Study of ONCOS-102 and Pembrolizumab: Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment and Clinical Outcomes in Anti-PD-1-Resistant Advanced Melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:100-109. [PMID: 36112545 PMCID: PMC9811163 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intratumoral oncolytic virotherapy may overcome anti-PD(L)-1 resistance by triggering pro-inflammatory remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This pilot study investigated ONCOS-102 (oncolytic adenovirus expressing GM-CSF) plus anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD)-1 therapy in anti-PD-1-resistant melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced melanoma progressing after prior PD-1 blockade received intratumoral ONCOS-102 either as priming with 3 doses (3 × 1011 viral particles) during Week 1 [Part 1 (sequential treatment)] or as 4-dose priming and 8 booster doses every 3 weeks [Part 2 (combination treatment)]. From Week 3, all patients received pembrolizumab every 3 weeks (≤8 doses). The primary endpoint was safety. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, and immunologic activation in repeat biopsies were also investigated. RESULTS In 21 patients (Part 1, n = 9; Part 2, n = 12) ONCOS-102 plus pembrolizumab was well tolerated: most adverse events (AE) were mild/moderate in severity. Pyrexia (43%), chills (43%), and nausea (28%) were the most common ONCOS-102-related AEs. There were no dose-limiting toxicities. ORR was 35% [response evaluation in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.1, irRECIST]. Reduction in size of ≥1 non-injected lesions observed in 53% patients indicated a systemic effect. In injected tumors, persistent immune-related gene expression and T-cell infiltration were associated with clinical benefit. Viral persistence and efficacy in injected and non-injected lesions without additional toxicity supported Part 2 dosing regimen in future studies. CONCLUSIONS ONCOS-102 plus pembrolizumab was well tolerated and led to objective responses in patients with anti-PD-1-resistant advanced melanoma. ONCOS-102 promoted T-cell infiltration, particularly cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, which persisted at Week 9, driving clinical benefit. Further investigation of ONCOS-102 plus PD-1 blockade is warranted. See related commentary by Levi and Boland, p. 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Shoushtari
- Department of Medicine (Melanoma Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Corresponding Author: Alexander N. Shoushtari, Department of Medicine (Melanoma Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY 10065. Phone: 646-888-4161; E-mail:
| | | | - Marta Nyakas
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas J. Hornyak
- Department of Dermatology and University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jedd D. Wolchok
- Department of Medicine (Melanoma Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Lukasz Kuryk
- Research and Development, Targovax ASA, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Lai Y, Lin H, Chen M, Lin X, Wu L, Zhao Y, Lin F, Lin C. Integration of bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell analysis reveals a global landscape of DNA damage response in the immune environment of Alzheimer's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1115202. [PMID: 36895559 PMCID: PMC9989175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We developed a novel system for quantifying DNA damage response (DDR) to help diagnose and predict the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods We thoroughly estimated the DDR patterns in AD patients Using 179 DDR regulators. Single-cell techniques were conducted to validate the DDR levels and intercellular communications in cognitively impaired patients. The consensus clustering algorithm was utilized to group 167 AD patients into diverse subgroups after a WGCNA approach was employed to discover DDR-related lncRNAs. The distinctions between the categories in terms of clinical characteristics, DDR levels, biological behaviors, and immunological characteristics were evaluated. For the purpose of choosing distinctive lncRNAs associated with DDR, four machine learning algorithms, including LASSO, SVM-RFE, RF, and XGBoost, were utilized. A risk model was established based on the characteristic lncRNAs. Results The progression of AD was highly correlated with DDR levels. Single-cell studies confirmed that DDR activity was lower in cognitively impaired patients and was mainly enriched in T cells and B cells. DDR-related lncRNAs were discovered based on gene expression, and two different heterogeneous subtypes (C1 and C2) were identified. DDR C1 belonged to the non-immune phenotype, while DDR C2 was regarded as the immune phenotype. Based on various machine learning techniques, four distinctive lncRNAs associated with DDR, including FBXO30-DT, TBX2-AS1, ADAMTS9-AS2, and MEG3 were discovered. The 4-lncRNA based riskScore demonstrated acceptable efficacy in the diagnosis of AD and offered significant clinical advantages to AD patients. The riskScore ultimately divided AD patients into low- and high-risk categories. In comparison to the low-risk group, high-risk patients showed lower DDR activity, accompanied by higher levels of immune infiltration and immunological score. The prospective medications for the treatment of AD patients with low and high risk also included arachidonyltrifluoromethane and TTNPB, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, immunological microenvironment and disease progression in AD patients were significantly predicted by DDR-associated genes and lncRNAs. A theoretical underpinning for the individualized treatment of AD patients was provided by the suggested genetic subtypes and risk model based on DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Lai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Manli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chunjin Lin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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17
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Aydamirov AS, Harbiyeli II, Ozturk G, Yarkin F, Erdem E, Yagmur M. In Vitro efficacy of cyclosporine a and various antiseptics and antiviral drugs on adenovirus genotype 8, a common cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 43:1701-1710. [PMID: 36346478 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of cidofovir, ganciclovir, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, and cyclosporine A on adenovirus genotype 8. METHODS Conjunctival samples were collected from patients with adenoviral conjunctivitis and cultured in A549 cells. Adenovirus diagnosis was confirmed by RT-PCR. For each drug, the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) was determined. Subsequently, the antiviral activity was tested at concentrations below CC 50, and the 50% inhibitor concentration (IC 50 ) of drugs was determined RESULTS: While the IC 50 of cidofovir against adenovirus genotype 8 was 3.07 ± 0.8 µM, ganciclovir, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, and cyclosporine A were not found to be effective against adenovirus genotype 8 at concentrations below the CC 50 value. CONCLUSIONS Cidofovir was found effective and the IC 50 value was within the ranges in the literature. Ganciclovir and cyclosporine A were found to be ineffective at doses below the cytotoxic dose, povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine was found to be highly cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gokhan Ozturk
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fugen Yarkin
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Elif Erdem
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yagmur
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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18
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Alemán MV, Bertzbach LD, Speiseder T, Ip WH, González RA, Dobner T. Global Transcriptome Analyses of Cellular and Viral mRNAs during HAdV-C5 Infection Highlight New Aspects of Viral mRNA Biogenesis and Cytoplasmic Viral mRNA Accumulations. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112428. [PMID: 36366526 PMCID: PMC9692883 DOI: 10.3390/v14112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that human adenoviruses such as species C, types 2 and 5 (HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C5), induce a nearly complete shutoff of host-cell protein synthesis in the infected cell, simultaneously directing very efficient production of viral proteins. Such preferential expression of viral over cellular genes is thought to be controlled by selective nucleocytoplasmic export and translation of viral mRNA. While detailed knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms responsible for the translation of viral mRNA is available, the viral or cellular mechanisms of mRNA biogenesis are not completely understood. To identify parameters that control the differential export of viral and cellular mRNAs, we performed global transcriptome analyses (RNAseq) and monitored temporal nucleocytoplasmic partitioning of viral and cellular mRNAs during HAdV-C5 infection of A549 cells. Our analyses confirmed previously reported features of the viral mRNA expression program, as a clear shift in viral early to late mRNA accumulation was observed upon transition from the early to the late phase of viral replication. The progression into the late phase of infection, however, did not result in abrogation of cellular mRNA export; rather, viral late mRNAs outnumbered viral early and most cellular mRNAs by several orders of magnitude during the late phase, revealing that viral late mRNAs are not selectively exported but outcompete cellular mRNA biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Valdés Alemán
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Speiseder
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wing Hang Ip
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramón A. González
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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19
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Greber UF, Suomalainen M. Adenovirus entry: Stability, uncoating, and nuclear import. Mol Microbiol 2022; 118:309-320. [PMID: 35434852 PMCID: PMC9790413 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) are widespread in vertebrates. They infect the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, the eyes, heart, liver, and kidney, and are lethal to immunosuppressed people. Mastadenoviruses infecting mammals comprise several hundred different types, and many specifically infect humans. Human adenoviruses are the most widely used vectors in clinical applications, including cancer treatment and COVID-19 vaccination. AdV vectors are physically and genetically stable and generally safe in humans. The particles have an icosahedral coat and a nucleoprotein core with a DNA genome. We describe the concept of AdV cell entry and highlight recent advances in cytoplasmic transport, uncoating, and nuclear import of the viral DNA. We highlight a recently discovered "linchpin" function of the virion protein V ensuring cytoplasmic particle stability, which is relaxed at the nuclear pore complex by cues from the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mind bomb 1 (MIB1) and the proteasome triggering disruption. Capsid disruption by kinesin motor proteins and microtubules exposes the linchpin and renders protein V a target for MIB1 ubiquitination, which dissociates V from viral DNA and enhances DNA nuclear import. These advances uncover mechanisms controlling capsid stability and premature uncoating and provide insight into nuclear transport of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs F. Greber
- Department of Molecular Life SciencesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Maarit Suomalainen
- Department of Molecular Life SciencesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Rb-E2F-HDAC Repressor Complexes Control Interferon-Induced Repression of Adenovirus To Promote Persistent Infection. J Virol 2022; 96:e0044222. [PMID: 35546119 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00442-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that induce a global change in the cell to establish antiviral immunity. We previously demonstrated that human adenovirus (HAdV) exploits IFN-induced viral repression to persist in infected cells. Although this in vitro persistence model has been described, the mechanism behind how persistent HAdV infection is established is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that IFN signaling is essential for viral repression and promoting persistent infection. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), an antagonist of retinoblastoma (Rb) family proteins, was shown to disrupt the viral repression induced by IFNs. Consistent with this result, knockout of the Rb family proteins pRb, p107, and/or p130 drastically reduced the effect of IFNs on viral replication. The pRb protein specifically contributed the greatest effect to IFN inhibition of viral replication. Interestingly, IFNs did not impact pRb through direct changes in protein or phosphorylation levels. Cells treated with IFNs continued to cycle normally, consistent with observations that persistently infected cells remain for long periods of time in the host and in our in vitro persistent infection model. Finally, we observed that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors activated productive viral replication in persistently infected cells in the presence of IFN. Thus, HDACs, specifically class I HDACs, which are commonly associated with Rb family proteins, play a major role in the maintenance of persistent HAdV infection in vitro. This study uncovers the critical role of pRb and class I HDACs in the IFN-induced formation of a repressor complex that promotes persistent HAdV infections. IMPORTANCE Adenoviruses are ubiquitous viruses infecting more than 90% of the human population. HAdVs cause persistent infections that may lead to serious complications in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, exploring how HAdVs establish persistent infections is critical for understanding viral reactivation in immunosuppressed individuals. The mechanism underlying HAdV persistence has not been fully explored. Here, we provide insight into the contributions of the host cell to IFN-mediated persistent HAdV infection. We found that HAdV-C5 productive infection is inhibited by an Rb-E2F-HDAC repressor complex. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors converted a persistent infection to a lytic infection. Our results suggest that this process involves the noncanonical regulation of Rb-E2F signaling. This study provides insight into a highly prevalent human pathogen, bringing a new level of complexity and understanding to the replicative cycle.
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21
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Stepanenko AA, Sosnovtseva AO, Valikhov MP, Chernysheva AA, Cherepanov SA, Yusubalieva GM, Ruzsics Z, Lipatova AV, Chekhonin VP. Superior infectivity of the fiber chimeric oncolytic adenoviruses Ad5/35 and Ad5/3 over Ad5-delta-24-RGD in primary glioma cultures. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:230-248. [PMID: 35071746 PMCID: PMC8761956 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ad5-delta-24-RGD is currently the most clinically advanced recombinant adenovirus (rAd) for glioma therapy. We constructed a panel of fiber-modified rAds (Ad5RGD, Ad5/3, Ad5/35, Ad5/3RGD, and Ad5/35RGD, all harboring the delta-24 modification) and compared their infectivity, replication, reproduction, and cytolytic efficacy in human and rodent glioma cell lines and short-term cultures from primary gliomas. In human cells, both Ad5/35-delta-24 and Ad5/3-delta-24 displayed superior infectivity and cytolytic efficacy over Ad5-delta-24-RGD, while Ad5/3-delta-24-RGD and Ad5/35-delta-24-RGD did not show further improvements in efficacy. The expression of the adenoviral receptors/coreceptors CAR, DSG2, and CD46 and the integrins αVβ3/αVβ5 did not predict the relative cytolytic efficacy of the fiber-modified rAds. The cytotoxicity of the fiber-modified rAds in human primary normal cultures of different origins and in primary glioma cultures was comparable, indicating that the delta-24 modification did not confer tumor cell selectivity. We also revealed that CT-2A and GL261 glioma cells might be used as murine cell models for the fiber chimeric rAds in vitro and in vivo. In GL261 tumor-bearing mice, Ad5/35-delta-24, armed with the immune costimulator OX40L as the E2A/DBP-p2A-mOX40L fusion, produced long-term survivors, which were able to reject tumor cells upon rechallenge. Our data underscore the potential of local Ad5/35-delta-24-based immunovirotherapy for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei A. Stepanenko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Corresponding author Aleksei A. Stepanenko, Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anastasiia O. Sosnovtseva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marat P. Valikhov
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Chernysheva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Cherepanov
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gaukhar M. Yusubalieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zsolt Ruzsics
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anastasiia V. Lipatova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Chekhonin
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kropotkinsky Lane 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Saruuldalai E, Park J, Kang D, Shin SP, Im WR, Lee HH, Jang JJ, Park JL, Kim SY, Hwang JA, Kim YD, Lee JH, Park EJ, Lee YS, Kim IH, Lee SJ, Lee YS. A host non-coding RNA, nc886, plays a pro-viral role by promoting virus trafficking to the nucleus. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:683-694. [PMID: 35284627 PMCID: PMC8904404 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the interplay between viruses and host cells is crucial for taming viruses to benefit human health. Cancer therapy using adenovirus, called oncolytic virotherapy, is a promising treatment option but is not robust in all patients. In addition, inefficient replication of human adenovirus in mouse hampered the development of an in vivo model for preclinical evaluation of therapeutically engineered adenovirus. nc886 is a human non-coding RNA that suppresses Protein Kinase R (PKR), an antiviral protein. In this study, we have found that nc886 greatly promotes adenoviral gene expression and replication. Remarkably, the stimulatory effect of nc886 is not dependent on its function to inhibit PKR. Rather, nc886 facilitates the nuclear entry of adenovirus via modulating the kinesin pathway. nc886 is not conserved in mouse and, when xenogeneically expressed in mouse cells, promotes adenovirus replication. Our investigation has discovered a novel mechanism of how a host ncRNA plays a pro-adenoviral role. Given that nc886 expression is silenced in a subset of cancer cells, our study highlights that oncolytic virotherapy might be inefficient in those cells. Furthermore, our findings open future possibilities of harnessing nc886 to improve the efficacy of oncolytic adenovirus and to construct nc886-expressing transgenic mice as an animal model.
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23
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Cristi F, Gutiérrez T, Hitt MM, Shmulevitz M. Genetic Modifications That Expand Oncolytic Virus Potency. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:831091. [PMID: 35155581 PMCID: PMC8826539 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.831091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a promising type of cancer therapy since they selectively replicate in tumor cells without damaging healthy cells. Many oncolytic viruses have progressed to human clinical trials, however, their performance as monotherapy has not been as successful as expected. Importantly, recent literature suggests that the oncolytic potential of these viruses can be further increased by genetically modifying the viruses. In this review, we describe genetic modifications to OVs that improve their ability to kill tumor cells directly, to dismantle the tumor microenvironment, or to alter tumor cell signaling and enhance anti-tumor immunity. These advances are particularly important to increase virus spread and reduce metastasis, as demonstrated in animal models. Since metastasis is the principal cause of mortality in cancer patients, having OVs designed to target metastases could transform cancer therapy. The genetic alterations reported to date are only the beginning of all possible improvements to OVs. Modifications described here could be combined together, targeting multiple processes, or with other non-viral therapies with potential to provide a strong and lasting anti-tumor response in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Cristi
- Shmulevitz Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tomás Gutiérrez
- Goping Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mary M. Hitt
- Hitt Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mary M. Hitt, ; Maya Shmulevitz,
| | - Maya Shmulevitz
- Shmulevitz Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mary M. Hitt, ; Maya Shmulevitz,
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24
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Tessier TM, Dodge MJ, MacNeil KM, Evans AM, Prusinkiewicz MA, Mymryk JS. Almost famous: Human adenoviruses (and what they have taught us about cancer). Tumour Virus Res 2021; 12:200225. [PMID: 34500123 PMCID: PMC8449131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2021.200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses and adenoviruses are collectively categorized as the small DNA tumour viruses. Notably, human adenoviruses were the first human viruses demonstrated to be able to cause cancer, albeit in non-human animal models. Despite their long history, no human adenovirus is a known causative agent of human cancers, unlike a subset of their more famous cousins, including human papillomaviruses and human Merkel cell polyomavirus. Nevertheless, seminal research using human adenoviruses has been highly informative in understanding the basics of cell cycle control, gene expression, apoptosis and cell differentiation. This review highlights the contributions of human adenovirus research in advancing our knowledge of the molecular basis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner M Tessier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mackenzie J Dodge
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Katelyn M MacNeil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Andris M Evans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Martin A Prusinkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joe S Mymryk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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25
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Dybas JM, Lum KK, Kulej K, Reyes ED, Lauman R, Charman M, Purman CE, Steinbock RT, Grams N, Price AM, Mendoza L, Garcia BA, Weitzman MD. Adenovirus Remodeling of the Host Proteome and Host Factors Associated with Viral Genomes. mSystems 2021; 6:e0046821. [PMID: 34463575 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00468-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are associated with extensive remodeling of the cellular proteome. Viruses encode gene products that manipulate host proteins to redirect cellular processes or subvert antiviral immune responses. Adenovirus (AdV) encodes proteins from the early E4 region which are necessary for productive infection. Some cellular antiviral proteins are known to be targeted by AdV E4 gene products, resulting in their degradation or mislocalization. However, the full repertoire of host proteome changes induced by viral E4 proteins has not been defined. To identify cellular proteins and processes manipulated by viral products, we developed a global, unbiased proteomics approach to analyze changes to the host proteome during infection with adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) virus. We used whole-cell proteomics to measure total protein abundances in the proteome during Ad5 infection. Since host antiviral proteins can antagonize viral infection by associating with viral genomes and inhibiting essential viral processes, we used Isolation of Proteins on Nascent DNA (iPOND) proteomics to identify proteins associated with viral genomes during infection with wild-type Ad5 or an E4 mutant virus. By integrating these proteomics data sets, we identified cellular factors that are degraded in an E4-dependent manner or are associated with the viral genome in the absence of E4 proteins. We further show that some identified proteins exert inhibitory effects on Ad5 infection. Our systems-level analysis reveals cellular processes that are manipulated during Ad5 infection and points to host factors counteracted by early viral proteins as they remodel the host proteome to promote efficient infection. IMPORTANCE Viral infections induce myriad changes to the host cell proteome. As viruses harness cellular processes and counteract host defenses, they impact abundance, post-translational modifications, interactions, or localization of cellular proteins. Elucidating the dynamic changes to the cellular proteome during viral replication is integral to understanding how virus-host interactions influence the outcome of infection. Adenovirus encodes early gene products from the E4 genomic region that are known to alter host response pathways and promote replication, but the full extent of proteome modifications they mediate is not known. We used an integrated proteomics approach to quantitate protein abundance and protein associations with viral DNA during virus infection. Systems-level analysis identifies cellular proteins and processes impacted in an E4-dependent manner, suggesting ways that adenovirus counteracts potentially inhibitory host defenses. This study provides a global view of adenovirus-mediated proteome remodeling, which can serve as a model to investigate virus-host interactions of DNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Dybas
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Krystal K Lum
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kulej
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emigdio D Reyes
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard Lauman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Charman
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caitlin E Purman
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert T Steinbock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas Grams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander M Price
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lydia Mendoza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew D Weitzman
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Raimondi G, Gea-Sorlí S, Otero-Mateo M, Fillat C. Inhibition of miR-222 by Oncolytic Adenovirus-Encoded miRNA Sponges Promotes Viral Oncolysis and Elicits Antitumor Effects in Pancreatic Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3233. [PMID: 34203557 PMCID: PMC8267801 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OA) are envisioned as a therapeutic option for patients with cancer, designed to preferentially replicate in cancer cells. However, the high number of genetic alterations in tumors can generate a context in which adenoviruses have difficulties replicating. Abnormal miRNAs expression is a trademark of pancreatic cancer, with several oncogenic miRNAs playing essential roles in cancer-associated pathways. The perturbed miRNome induces reprogramming of gene expression in host cells that can impact the complex interplay between cellular processes and viral replication. We have studied the effects of overexpressed miRNAs on oncolytic adenoviral activity and identified miRNAs modulators of adenoviral oncolysis in pancreatic cancer cells. Inhibition of the highly upregulated miR-222 sensitized cancer cells to oncolysis. To provide a therapeutic application to this insight, we engineered the oncolytic adenovirus AdNuPARmE1A with miR-222 binding sites, working as sponges to withdraw the miRNA from the cellular environment. AdNuPAR-E-miR222-S mediated-decrease of miR-222 expression in pancreatic cancer cells strongly improved the viral yield and enhanced the adenoviral cytotoxic effects. Antitumoral studies confirmed a high activity for AdNuPARmE1A-miR222-S in vivo, controlling tumor progression more effectively than the scrambled control virus in xenografts. We demonstrated that the increased antitumor potency of the novel oncolytic virus resulted from the combinatory effects of miR-222 oncomiR inhibition and the restoration of miR-222 target genes activity enhancing viral fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Raimondi
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.R.); (S.G.-S.); (M.O.-M.)
| | - Sabrina Gea-Sorlí
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.R.); (S.G.-S.); (M.O.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Otero-Mateo
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.R.); (S.G.-S.); (M.O.-M.)
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.R.); (S.G.-S.); (M.O.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Kleinberger T. En Guard! The Interactions between Adenoviruses and the DNA Damage Response. Viruses 2020; 12:v12090996. [PMID: 32906746 PMCID: PMC7552057 DOI: 10.3390/v12090996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus–host cell interactions include several skirmishes between the virus and its host, and the DNA damage response (DDR) network is one of their important battlegrounds. Although some aspects of the DDR are exploited by adenovirus (Ad) to improve virus replication, especially at the early phase of infection, a large body of evidence demonstrates that Ad devotes many of its proteins, including E1B-55K, E4orf3, E4orf4, E4orf6, and core protein VII, and utilizes varied mechanisms to inhibit the DDR. These findings indicate that the DDR would strongly restrict Ad replication if allowed to function efficiently. Various Ad serotypes inactivate DNA damage sensors, including the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex, DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). As a result, these viruses inhibit signaling via DDR transducers, such as the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR) kinases, to downstream effectors. The different Ad serotypes utilize both shared and distinct mechanisms to inhibit various branches of the DDR. The aim of this review is to understand the interactions between Ad proteins and the DDR and to appreciate how these interactions contribute to viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Kleinberger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron St., Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel
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28
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Georgi F, Andriasyan V, Witte R, Murer L, Hemmi S, Yu L, Grove M, Meili N, Kuttler F, Yakimovich A, Turcatti G, Greber UF. The FDA-Approved Drug Nelfinavir Inhibits Lytic Cell-Free but Not Cell-Associated Nonlytic Transmission of Human Adenovirus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e01002-20. [PMID: 32601166 PMCID: PMC7449217 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01002-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdVs) are prevalent and give rise to chronic and recurrent disease. Human AdV (HAdV) species B and C, such as HAdV-C2, -C5, and -B14, cause respiratory disease and constitute a health threat for immunocompromised individuals. HAdV-Cs are well known for lysing cells owing to the E3 CR1-β-encoded adenovirus death protein (ADP). We previously reported a high-throughput image-based screening framework and identified an inhibitor of HAdV-C2 multiround infection, nelfinavir mesylate. Nelfinavir is the active ingredient of Viracept, an FDA-approved inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) aspartyl protease that is used to treat AIDS. It is not effective against single-round HAdV infections. Here, we show that nelfinavir inhibits lytic cell-free transmission of HAdV, indicated by the suppression of comet-shaped infection foci in cell culture. Comet-shaped foci occur upon convection-based transmission of cell-free viral particles from an infected cell to neighboring uninfected cells. HAdV lacking ADP was insensitive to nelfinavir but gave rise to comet-shaped foci, indicating that ADP enhances but is not required for cell lysis. This was supported by the notion that HAdV-B14 and -B14p1 lacking ADP were highly sensitive to nelfinavir, although HAdV-A31, -B3, -B7, -B11, -B16, -B21, -D8, -D30, and -D37 were less sensitive. Conspicuously, nelfinavir uncovered slow-growing round HAdV-C2 foci, independent of neutralizing antibodies in the medium, indicative of nonlytic cell-to-cell transmission. Our study demonstrates the repurposing potential of nelfinavir with postexposure efficacy against different HAdVs and describes an alternative nonlytic cell-to-cell transmission mode of HAdV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Georgi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vardan Andriasyan
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Witte
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Murer
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Hemmi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Yu
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Grove
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Meili
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Kuttler
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Artur Yakimovich
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Artificial Intelligence for Life Sciences CIC, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Georgi F, Greber UF. The Adenovirus Death Protein - a small membrane protein controls cell lysis and disease. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1861-1878. [PMID: 32472693 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause widespread acute and persistent infections. Infections are usually mild and controlled by humoral and cell-based immunity. Reactivation of persistently infected immune cells can lead to a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals, especially children and transplant recipients. To date, no effective therapy or vaccine against HAdV disease is available to the public. HAdV-C2 and C5 are the best-studied of more than 100 HAdV types. They persist in infected cells and release their progeny by host cell lysis to neighbouring cells and fluids, a process facilitated by the adenovirus death protein (ADP). ADP consists of about 100 amino acids and harbours a single membrane-spanning domain. It undergoes post-translational processing in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi compartments, before localizing to the inner nuclear membrane. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on how ADP induces membrane rupture. Membrane rupture is essential for both progression of disease and efficacy of therapeutic viruses in clinical applications, in particular oncolytic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Georgi
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Both well-known and emerging viruses increasingly affect humans and cause disease, sometimes with devastating impact on society. The viruses present in the biosphere are the top predators in the life chain, virtually without enemies, except perhaps the immune system, and harsh environmental physicochemical conditions restricting their dissemination. We know a lot about viruses, but do we know enough? This series of reviews is dedicated to adenoviruses (AdVs), a family of nonenveloped DNA viruses occurring in vertebrates, including humans. AdVs have been the focus of intense research for more than 67 years. Besides causing disease, they have immensely contributed to the advance of life sciences and medicine over the past decades. Recently, AdVs have been widely used as vehicles in gene therapy and vaccination. They continue to provide fundamental insights into virus-host interactions in cells, tissues and organisms, as well as systems and metabolic networks. This special issue of FEBS Letters presents a unique collection of 23 state-of-the-art review articles by leading adenovirologists. In this prelude, I present the chapters, which provide a solid basis for further exploring the rich heritage in adenovirus molecular cell biology, structural biology, genetics, immunology, gene therapy and epidemiology. I conclude with an essential discussion of six blind spots in adenovirology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Charman M, Herrmann C, Weitzman MD. Viral and cellular interactions during adenovirus DNA replication. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3531-3550. [PMID: 31764999 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses represent ubiquitous and clinically significant human pathogens, gene-delivery vectors, and oncolytic agents. The study of adenovirus-infected cells has long been used as an excellent model to investigate fundamental aspects of both DNA virus infection and cellular biology. While many key details supporting a well-established model of adenovirus replication have been elucidated over a period spanning several decades, more recent findings suggest that we have only started to appreciate the complex interplay between viral genome replication and cellular processes. Here, we present a concise overview of adenovirus DNA replication, including the biochemical process of replication, the spatial organization of replication within the host cell nucleus, and insights into the complex plethora of virus-host interactions that influence viral genome replication. Finally, we identify emerging areas of research relating to the replication of adenovirus genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Charman
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christin Herrmann
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Weitzman
- Division of Protective Immunity and Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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32
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Hidalgo P, Gonzalez RA. Formation of adenovirus DNA replication compartments. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3518-3530. [PMID: 31710378 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses induce an extensive reorganization of the host cell nucleus during replication. Such a process results in the assembly of viral and cellular macromolecules into nuclear structures called adenovirus replication compartments (AdRCs), which function as platforms for viral DNA replication and gene expression. AdRCs co-opt host proteins and cellular pathways that restrict viral replication, suggesting that the mechanisms that control AdRC formation and function are essential for viral replication and lay at the basis of virus-host interactions. Here, we review the hallmarks of AdRCs and recent progress in our understanding of the formation, composition, and function of AdRCs. Furthermore, we discuss how AdRCs facilitate the interplay between viral and cellular machineries and hijack cellular functions to promote viral genome replication and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Hidalgo
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ramón A Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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