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Jaykumar AB, Binns D, Taylor CA, Anselmo A, Birnbaum SG, Huber KM, Cobb MH. WNKs regulate mouse behavior and alter central nervous system glucose uptake and insulin signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.09.598125. [PMID: 38915673 PMCID: PMC11195145 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.09.598125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Certain areas of the brain involved in episodic memory and behavior, such as the hippocampus, express high levels of insulin receptors and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) and are responsive to insulin. Insulin and neuronal glucose metabolism improve cognitive functions and regulate mood in humans. Insulin-dependent GLUT4 trafficking has been extensively studied in muscle and adipose tissue, but little work has demonstrated either how it is controlled in insulin-responsive brain regions or its mechanistic connection to cognitive functions. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of WNK (With-No-lysine (K)) kinases improves learning and memory in mice. Neuronal inhibition of WNK enhances in vivo hippocampal glucose uptake. Inhibition of WNK enhances insulin signaling output and insulin-dependent GLUT4 trafficking to the plasma membrane in mice primary neuronal cultures and hippocampal slices. Therefore, we propose that the extent of neuronal WNK kinase activity has an important influence on learning, memory and anxiety-related behaviors, in part, by modulation of neuronal insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita B. Jaykumar
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Derk Binns
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Clinton A. Taylor
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Anthony Anselmo
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Shari G. Birnbaum
- Departments of Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute and Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | | | - Melanie H. Cobb
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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Hayward DA, Vanes L, Wissmann S, Sivapatham S, Hartweger H, Biggs O’May J, de Boer LL, Mitter R, Köchl R, Stein JV, Tybulewicz VL. B cell-intrinsic requirement for WNK1 kinase in antibody responses in mice. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20211827. [PMID: 36662229 PMCID: PMC9872328 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Migration and adhesion play critical roles in B cells, regulating recirculation between lymphoid organs, migration within lymphoid tissue, and interaction with CD4+ T cells. However, there is limited knowledge of how B cells integrate chemokine receptor and integrin signaling with B cell activation to generate efficient humoral responses. Here, we show that the WNK1 kinase, a regulator of migration and adhesion, is essential in B cells for T-dependent and -independent antibody responses. We demonstrate that WNK1 transduces signals from the BCR, CXCR5, and CD40, and using intravital imaging, we show that WNK1 regulates migration of naive and activated B cells, and their interactions with T cells. Unexpectedly, we show that WNK1 is required for BCR- and CD40-induced proliferation, acting through the OXSR1 and STK39 kinases, and for efficient B cell-T cell collaboration in vivo. Thus, WNK1 is critical for humoral immune responses, by regulating B cell migration, adhesion, and T cell-dependent activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefanie Wissmann
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sujana Sivapatham
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jens V. Stein
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Jung JU, Jaykumar AB, Cobb MH. WNK1 in Malignant Behaviors: A Potential Target for Cancer? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:935318. [PMID: 35813203 PMCID: PMC9257110 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.935318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of mortality in cancer patients. Analyses of mouse models and patient data have implicated the protein kinase WNK1 as one of a handful of genes uniquely linked to a subset of invasive cancers. WNK1 signaling pathways are widely implicated in the regulation of ion co-transporters and in controlling cell responses to osmotic stress. In this review we will discuss its actions in tumor malignancy in human cancers and present evidence for its function in invasion, migration, angiogenesis and mesenchymal transition.
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Prisco SZ, Eklund M, Raveendran R, Thenappan T, Prins KW. With No Lysine Kinase 1 Promotes Metabolic Derangements and RV Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. JACC. BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 6:834-850. [PMID: 34869947 PMCID: PMC8617575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule inhibition of with no lysine kinase 1 (WNK1) (WNK463) signaling activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling and mitigates membrane enrichment of glucose transporters 1 and 4, which decreases protein O-GlcNAcylation and glycation. Quantitative proteomics of right ventricular (RV) mitochondrial enrichments shows WNK463 prevents down-regulation of several mitochondrial metabolic enzymes. and metabolomics analysis suggests multiple metabolic processes are corrected. Physiologically, WNK463 augments RV systolic and diastolic function independent of pulmonary arterial hypertension severity. Hypochloremia, a condition of predicted WNK1 activation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, is associated with more severe RV dysfunction. These results suggest WNK1 may be a druggable target to combat metabolic dysregulation and may improve RV function and survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Key Words
- AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- AS160, 160 kDa substrate of the Akt serine/threonine kinase
- DCA, dicarboxylic fatty acid
- FAO, fatty acid oxidation
- GLO1, glyoxalase 1
- GLO2, glyoxalase 2
- GLUT1, glucose transporter 1
- GLUT4, glucose transporter 4
- LV, left ventricle/ventricular
- MCT, monocrotaline
- MCT-V, monocrotaline-vehicle
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PTM, post-translationally modify/modifications
- PV, pressure-volume
- PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance
- RA, right atrial
- RV, right ventricle/ventricular
- RVD, right ventricular dysfunction
- TCA, tricarboxylic acid
- Tau/τ, right ventricular relaxation time
- UDP-GlcNAC, uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine
- WNK, with no lysine kinase
- lipotoxicity
- metabolism
- mitochondria
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- right ventricular dysfunction
- with no lysine kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kurt W. Prins
- Address for correspondence: Dr Kurt Prins, Lillehei Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota Medical School, 312 Church Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Bergqvist M, Elebro K, Borgquist S, Rosendahl AH. Adipocytes Under Obese-Like Conditions Change Cell Cycle Distribution and Phosphorylation Profiles of Breast Cancer Cells: The Adipokine Receptor CAP1 Matters. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628653. [PMID: 33738261 PMCID: PMC7962603 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and associated metabolic conditions impact adipocyte functionality with potential consequences for breast cancer risk and prognosis, but contributing mechanisms remain to be understood. The adipokine receptor adenylyl cyclase-associated protein-1 (CAP1) has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer, but results are conflicting and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, molecular and cellular effects in breast cancer cells by stimulation of adipocytes under normal or obese-like conditions, and potential involvement of CAP1, were assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive T47D and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were exposed to adipocyte-secretome from adipocytes placed under pressures mimicking normal and obese-like metabolic conditions. Changes in phosphorylated kinase proteins and related biological pathways were assessed by phospho-antibody array and PANTHER analysis, cell proliferation were investigated through sulforhodamine B, cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Functional effects of CAP1 were subsequently examined following small interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown. RESULTS Protein phosphorylations involved in important biological processes were enriched in T47D breast cancer cells in response to adipocyte secretome from obese-like compared with normal conditions. The obesity-associated adipocyte secretome further stimulated cell proliferation and a shift from cell cycle G1-phase to S- and G2/M-phase was observed. Silencing of CAP1 decreased cell proliferation in both T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells, and reduced the obesity-associated secretome-induction of phosphoproteins involved in cell proliferation pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the adipocyte secretome and CAP1 are mechanistically important for the proliferation of both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells, and potential signaling mediators were identified. These studies provide biological insight into how obesity-associated factors could affect breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Bergqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Elebro
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ann H. Rosendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Rozjan A, Shan W, Yao Q. Metabolic Consequences of Neuronal HIF1α-Deficiency in Mediobasal Hypothalamus in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:668193. [PMID: 34733235 PMCID: PMC8558296 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.668193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate whether hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus is involved in the regulation of body weight, glucose, and lipid metabolism in mice and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS HIF1α flox/flox mice were used. The adeno-associated virus that contained either cre, GFP and syn, or GFP and syn (controls) was injected into the mediobasal hypothalamus to selectively knock out HIF1α in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus. The body weight and food intake were weighed daily. The levels of blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)were tested. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed. The insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in the liver, epididymal fat, and skeletal muscle were examined. Also, the mRNA expression levels of HIF1α, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and glucose transporter protein 4 (Glut4) in the hypothalamus were checked. RESULTS After selectively knocking out HIF1α in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus (HIF1αKOMBH), the body weights and food intake of mice increased significantly compared with the control mice (p < 0.001 at 4 weeks). Compared with that of the control group, the insulin level of HIF1αKOMBH mice was 3.5 times higher (p < 0.01). The results of the IPGTT showed that the blood glucose level of the HIF1αKOMBH group at 20-120 min was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The serum TC, FFA, HDL, and LDL content of the HIF1αKOMBH group was significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Western blot results showed that compared with those in the control group, insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation levels in liver, epididymal fat, and skeletal muscle in the HIF1αKOMBH group were not as significantly elevated as in the control group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results in the whole hypothalamus showed a significant decrease in Glut4 mRNA expression. And the mRNA expression levels of HIF1α, POMC, and NPY of the HIF1αKOMBH group decreased significantly in ventral hypothalamus. CONCLUSIONS The hypothalamic neuronal HIF1α plays an important role in the regulation of body weight balance in mice under normoxic condition. In the absence of hypothalamic neuronal HIF1α, the mice gained weight with increased appetite, accompanied with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. POMC and Glut4 may be responsible for this effect of HIF1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmat Rozjan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Weibi Shan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiaoling Yao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaoling Yao,
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Peng D, Li H, Hu B, Zhang H, Chen L, Lin S, Zuo Z, Xue Y, Ren J, Xie Y. PTMsnp: A Web Server for the Identification of Driver Mutations That Affect Protein Post-translational Modification. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593661. [PMID: 33240890 PMCID: PMC7683509 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing technologies have identified millions of genetic mutations in multiple human diseases. However, the interpretation of the pathogenesis of these mutations and the discovery of driver genes that dominate disease progression is still a major challenge. Combining functional features such as protein post-translational modification (PTM) with genetic mutations is an effective way to predict such alterations. Here, we present PTMsnp, a web server that implements a Bayesian hierarchical model to identify driver genetic mutations targeting PTM sites. PTMsnp accepts genetic mutations in a standard variant call format or tabular format as input and outputs several interactive charts of PTM-related mutations that potentially affect PTMs. Additional functional annotations are performed to evaluate the impact of PTM-related mutations on protein structure and function, as well as to classify variants relevant to Mendelian disease. A total of 4,11,574 modification sites from 33 different types of PTMs and 1,776,848 somatic mutations from TCGA across 33 different cancer types are integrated into the web server, enabling identification of candidate cancer driver genes based on PTM. Applications of PTMsnp to the cancer cohorts and a GWAS dataset of type 2 diabetes identified a set of potential drivers together with several known disease-related genes, indicating its reliability in distinguishing disease-related mutations and providing potential molecular targets for new therapeutic strategies. PTMsnp is freely available at: http://ptmsnp.renlab.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Peng
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqin Li
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bosu Hu
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Ren
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Xie
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Guo Y, Chung W, Zhu Z, Shan Z, Li J, Liu S, Liang L. Genome-Wide Assessment for Resting Heart Rate and Shared Genetics With Cardiometabolic Traits and Type 2 Diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 74:2162-2174. [PMID: 31648709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High resting heart rate (RHR) occurs in parallel with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic disorders, implying shared etiology between them. However, it is unknown if they are causally related, and no study has been conducted to investigate the shared mechanisms underlying these associations. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to understand the genetic basis of the association between resting heart rate and cardiometabolic disorders/T2D. METHODS This study examined the genetic correlation, causality, and shared genetics between RHR and T2D using LD Score regression, generalized summary data-based Mendelian randomization, and transcriptome wide association scan (TWAS) in UK Biobank data (n = 428,250) and summary-level data for T2D (74,124 cases and 824,006 control subjects) and 8 cardiometabolic traits (sample size ranges from 51,750 to 236,231). RESULTS Significant genetic correlation between RHR and T2D (rg = 0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.18 to 0.26; p = 1.99 × 10-22), and 6 cardiometabolic traits (fasting insulin, fasting glucose, waist-hip ratio, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and body mass index; rg range -0.12 to 0.24; all p < 0.05) were observed. RHR has significant estimated causal effect on T2D (odds ratio: 1.12 per 10-beats/min increment; p = 7.79 × 10-11) and weaker causal estimates from T2D to RHR (0.32 beats/min per doubling increment in T2D prevalence; p = 6.14 × 10-54). Sensitivity analysis by controlling for the included cardiometabolic traits did not modify the relationship between RHR and T2D. TWAS found locus chr2q23.3 (rs1260326) was highly pleiotropic among RHR, cardiometabolic traits, and T2D, and identified 7 genes (SMARCAD1, RP11-53O19.3, CTC-498M16.4, PDE8B, AKTIP, KDM4B, and TSHZ3) that were statistically independent and shared between RHR and T2D in tissues from the nervous and cardiovascular systems. These shared genes suggested the involvement of epigenetic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism, and AKT activation-related telomere dysfunction and vascular endothelial aging in the shared etiologies between RHR and T2D. Finally, FADS1 was found to be shared among RHR, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence of significant genetic correlations and causation between RHR and T2D/cardiometabolic traits, advance our understanding of RHR, and provide insight into shared etiology for high RHR and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wonil Chung
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simin Liu
- Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health (CGCH), Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Ferrari F, Bock PM, Motta MT, Helal L. Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Glucose Uptake Stimulated by Physical Exercise in Insulin Resistance State: Role of Inflammation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 113:1139-1148. [PMID: 31644699 PMCID: PMC7021273 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity associated with systemic inflammation induces insulin resistance (IR), with consequent chronic hyperglycemia. A series of reactions are involved in this process, including increased release of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptors. Among the therapeutic tools available nowadays, physical exercise (PE) has a known hypoglycemic effect explained by complex molecular mechanisms, including an increase in insulin receptor phosphorylation, in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, in the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) pathway, with subsequent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), Rac1, TBC1 domain family member 1 and 4 (TBC1D1 and TBC1D4), in addition to a variety of signaling molecules, such as GTPases, Rab and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor (SNARE) proteins. These pathways promote greater translocation of GLUT4 and consequent glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK), atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) and some of its isoforms, such as PKC-iota/lambda also seem to play a fundamental role in the transport of glucose. In this sense, the association between autophagy and exercise has also demonstrated a relevant role in the uptake of muscle glucose. Insulin, in turn, uses a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent mechanism, while exercise signal may be triggered by the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The objective of this review is to describe the main molecular mechanisms of IR and the relationship between PE and glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Ferrari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares - Faculdade de Medicina - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exercício - CardioEx (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Patrícia Martins Bock
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia do Exercício (LaFiEx), (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (IATS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Faculdades Integradas de Taquara, Taquara, RS - Brazil
| | - Marcelo Trotte Motta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA - Brazil
| | - Lucas Helal
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares - Faculdade de Medicina - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Laboratório de Fisiopatologia do Exercício (LaFiEx), (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
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10
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Prins KW, Kalra R, Rose L, Assad TR, Archer SL, Bajaj NS, Weir EK, Prisco SZ, Pritzker M, Lutsey PL, Brittain EL, Thenappan T. Hypochloremia Is a Noninvasive Predictor of Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015221. [PMID: 32079477 PMCID: PMC7335577 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a lethal disease. In resource‐limited countries PAH outcomes are worse because therapy costs are prohibitive. To improve global outcomes, noninvasive and widely available biomarkers that identify high‐risk patients should be defined. Serum chloride is widely available and predicts mortality in left heart failure, but its prognostic utility in PAH requires further investigation. Methods and Results In this study 475 consecutive PAH patients evaluated at the University of Minnesota and Vanderbilt University PAH clinics were examined. Clinical characteristics were compared by tertiles of serum chloride. Both the Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to assess survival and predictors of mortality, respectively. Categorical net reclassification improvement and relative integrated discrimination improvement compared prediction models. PAH patients in the lowest serum chloride tertile (≤101 mmol/L: hypochloremia) had the lowest 6‐minute walk distance and highest right atrial pressure despite exhibiting no differences in pulmonary vascular disease severity. The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival was reduced in hypochloremic patients when compared with the middle‐ and highest‐tertile patients (86%/64%/44%, 95%/78%/59%, and, 91%/79%/66%). After adjustment for age, sex, diuretic use, serum sodium, bicarbonate, and creatinine, the hypochloremic patients had increased mortality when compared with the middle‐tertile and highest‐tertile patients. The Minnesota noninvasive model (functional class, 6‐minute walk distance, and hypochloremia) was as effective as the French noninvasive model (functional class, 6‐minute walk distance, and elevated brain natriuretic peptide or N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide) for predicting mortality. Conclusions Hypochloremia (≤101 mmol/L) identifies high‐risk PAH patients independent of serum sodium, renal function, and diuretic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt W Prins
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Rajat Kalra
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Lauren Rose
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | | | | | | | - E Kenneth Weir
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Sasha Z Prisco
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Marc Pritzker
- Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Evan L Brittain
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center Nashville TN
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Cubillos-Angulo JM, Vinhaes CL, Fukutani ER, Albuquerque VVS, Queiroz ATL, Andrade BB, Fukutani KF. In silico transcriptional analysis of mRNA and miRNA reveals unique biosignatures that characterizes different types of diabetes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239061. [PMID: 32956382 PMCID: PMC7505453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (DM) has a significant impact on public health. We performed an in silico study of paired datasets of messenger RNA (mRNA) micro-RNA (miRNA) transcripts to delineate potential biosignatures that could distinguish prediabetes (pre-DM), type-1DM (T1DM) and type-2DM (T2DM). Two publicly available datasets containing expression values of mRNA and miRNA obtained from individuals diagnosed with pre-DM, T1DM or T2DM, and normoglycemic controls (NC), were analyzed using systems biology approaches to define combined signatures to distinguish different clinical groups. The mRNA profile of both pre-DM and T2DM was hallmarked by several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to NC. Nevertheless, T1DM was characterized by an overall low number of DEGs. The miRNA signature profiles were composed of a substantially lower number of differentially expressed targets. Gene enrichment analysis revealed several inflammatory pathways in T2DM and fewer in pre-DM, but with shared findings such as Tuberculosis. The integration of mRNA and miRNA datasets improved the identification and discriminated the group composed by pre-DM and T2DM patients from that constituted by normoglycemic and T1DM individuals. The integrated transcriptomic analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression revealed a unique biosignature able to characterize different types of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Cubillos-Angulo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (FTC), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Caian L. Vinhaes
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (FTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Artur T. L. Queiroz
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- * E-mail: (BBA); (ATLQ); (KFF)
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (FTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
- Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil
- * E-mail: (BBA); (ATLQ); (KFF)
| | - Kiyoshi F. Fukutani
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (FTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- * E-mail: (BBA); (ATLQ); (KFF)
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Henriques AFA, Matos P, Carvalho AS, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Matthiesen R, Jordan P. WNK1 phosphorylation sites in TBC1D1 and TBC1D4 modulate cell surface expression of GLUT1. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 679:108223. [PMID: 31816312 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucose uptake by mammalian cells is a key mechanism to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis and relies mostly on plasma membrane-localized glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs). Two main cellular mechanisms regulate GLUT proteins in the cell: first, expression of GLUT genes is under dynamic transcriptional control and is used by cancer cells to increase glucose availability. Second, GLUT proteins are regulated by membrane traffic from storage vesicles to the plasma membrane (PM). This latter process is triggered by signaling mechanisms and well-studied in the case of insulin-responsive cells, which activate protein kinase AKT to phosphorylate TBC1D4, a RAB-GTPase activating protein involved in membrane traffic regulation. Previously, we identified protein kinase WNK1 as another kinase able to phosphorylate TBC1D4 and regulate the surface expression of the constitutive glucose transporter GLUT1. Here we describe that downregulation of WNK1 through RNA interference in HEK293 cells led to a 2-fold decrease in PM GLUT1 expression, concomitant with a 60% decrease in glucose uptake. By mass spectrometry, we identified serine (S) 704 in TBC1D4 as a WNK1-regulated phosphorylation site, and also S565 in the paralogue TBC1D1. Transfection of the respective phosphomimetic or unphosphorylatable TBC1D mutants into cells revealed that both affected the cell surface abundance of GLUT1. The results reinforce a regulatory role for WNK1 in cell metabolism and have potential impact for the understanding of cancer cell metabolism and therapeutic options in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia F A Henriques
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Lisbon, Portugal; BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Lisbon, Portugal; BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Nova Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Building 800, Science and Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Felix Elortza
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Building 800, Science and Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Nova Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Jordan
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute 'Dr. Ricardo Jorge', Lisbon, Portugal; BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
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