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Preisendörfer S, Singla V, Bhonsale A, Kancharla K, Thoma F, Mulukutla S, Voigt A, Shalaby A, Estes NAM, Jain S, Saba S. Heart Rate at Rest and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Diastolic Dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2024; 218:72-76. [PMID: 38461926 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF). The influence of heart rate at rest (RHR) on incident AF in patients with DD has not been investigated. The goal of this study is to assess the influence of RHR on incident AF in patients with DD. Patients from a large health system with no previous history of AF, a left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, and documented DD on echocardiography were divided into quartiles (<66, 66 to 76, 77 to 91, >91 beats per minute) based on RHR. Incident AF was estimated using AF hospitalization during follow-up. Hazard ratios (HR) for AF hospitalization and all-cause death were calculated with a Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 19,046 patients were analyzed. Over a median follow-up of 42.2 months, 742 (3.9%) patients were hospitalized for AF. Both slower and faster RHR were associated with increased risk of AF hospitalization (HR 1.40, confidence interval [CI] 1.14 to 1.71, p = 0.001, HR 1.23, CI 0.99 to 1.53, p = 0.06 and HR 1.72, CI 1.38 to 2.14, p <0.001, for quartiles 1, 2, and 4, respectively), suggesting a J-shaped relation. Progressive increase in all-cause death was noted with faster RHR (HR1.19 per quartile increase, CI 1.16 to 1.22, p <0.001). These results persisted after adjustment for age, cardiovascular co-morbidities, grade of DD, and β-blocker use. In conclusion, this large, real-world analysis indicates increased risk of incident AF with slower and faster RHR in patients with DD. Randomized trials are needed to evaluate the potential of RHR modification to mitigate the risk of incident AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Preisendörfer
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Virginia Singla
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aditya Bhonsale
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna Kancharla
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Floyd Thoma
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Suresh Mulukutla
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Voigt
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alaa Shalaby
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - N A Mark Estes
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandeep Jain
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samir Saba
- Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Luo P, Wu R, Gao W, Yan W, Wang R, Ye Y. Effects of high-intensity interval exercise on arterial stiffness in individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1376861. [PMID: 38694567 PMCID: PMC11061535 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1376861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on arterial stiffness (AS) and vascular function in persons at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and Ebsco) since their inception through October 2023 to evaluate the effect of HIIT on AS and vascular function in persons at high risk for CVD. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Results This study included 661 participants from 16 studies. HIIT significantly reduced pulse wave velocity (PWV) in persons at high risk for CVD [weighted mean difference (WMD), -0.62; 95% CI, -0.86--0.38; P < 0.00001]. Subgroup analysis showed that the PWV improvement effect was better when the HIIT program was performed 2-3 times per week and the duration was controlled within 40 min [2-3 times, -0.67; 95% CI, -0.93--0.41; P < 0.00001; time of duration, ≤40 min, -0.66; 95% CI, -0.91--0.41; P < 0.00001]. HIIT significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP, -5.43; 95% CI, -8.82--2.04; P = 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (DPB, -2.96; 95% CI, -4.88--1.04; P = 0.002), and resting heart rate (RHR, -4.35; 95% CI, -7.04--1.66; P = 0.002), but had no significant effect on augmentation index (AIX, -2.14; 95% CI, -6.77-2.50; P = 0.37). Conclusion HIIT can improve PWV in high-risk individuals with CVD and reduce SBP, DBP, and RHR, but has no significant effect on AIX. HIIT can effectively improve AS and vascular function and can be recommended as an effective method to improve AS in high-risk persons with CVD. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42023471593.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sport University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoshan Wu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Weifeng Gao
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sport University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiyi Yan
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sport University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sport University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Ye
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan Sport University, Wuhan, China
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Zhong Y, Li J, Hong Y, Yang S, Pei L, Chen X, Wu H, Wang T. Resting heart rate causally affects the brain cortical structure: Mendelian randomization study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad536. [PMID: 38212288 PMCID: PMC10839837 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Resting heart rate (RHR) has been linked to impaired cortical structure in observational studies. However, the extent to which this association is potentially causal has not been determined. Using genetic data, this study aimed to reveal the causal effect of RHR on brain cortical structure. A Two-Sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. Sensitivity analyses, weighted median, MR Pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, and MR-Egger regression were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. A causal relationship between RHR and cortical structures was identified by MR analysis. On the global scale, elevated RHR was found to decrease global surface area (SA; P < 0.0125). On a regional scale, the elevated RHR significantly decreased the SA of pars triangularis without global weighted (P = 1.58 × 10-4) and the thickness (TH) of the paracentral with global weighted (P = 3.56 × 10-5), whereas it increased the TH of banks of the superior temporal sulcus in the presence of global weighted (P = 1.04 × 10-4). MR study provided evidence that RHR might be causally linked to brain cortical structure, which offers a different way to understand the heart-brain axis theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinsheng Zhong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Hong
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Liying Pei
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Xuxiang Chen
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518003, P. R. China
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Lai Y, Xu X, Zhang S, Huang R, Huang Y, Zhong X, Xiong Z, Lin Y, Zhou H, Guo Y, Liao X, Ma Y, Zhuang X. New Insights into Rate Control: Time in Target Range of Resting Heart Rate and Major Adverse Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation. Glob Heart 2024; 19:3. [PMID: 38222098 PMCID: PMC10786089 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the relationship between the fluctuation of heart rate control over time and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Our study sought to evaluate the independent association between time in target range (TIR) of resting heart rate and cardiovascular outcomes in the AFFIRM (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management) study. Methods Target range of resting heart was defined as less than 80 beats per minute (bpm) for both rate and rhythm control groups. Time in target range was estimated over the first 8 months of follow-up using Rosendaal interpolation method. The association between TIR of resting heart rate and cardiovascular outcomes was estimated using adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results Time in target range of resting heart rate (months 0 through 8) was 71 ± 34% in the rate control group and 83 ± 27% in the rhythm control group. Each 1-SD increase in TIR of resting heart rate was significantly associated with lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events after full adjustment for demographics, medical history and history of prior heart surgery, as well as all-cause mortality. Conclusions Time in target range of resting heart rate independently predicts the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Long-term maintenance of heart rate on target is of great importance for patients with atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Lai
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Xingfeng Xu
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Shaozhao Zhang
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Rihua Huang
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Yiquan Huang
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Xiangbin Zhong
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Yifen Lin
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Yue Guo
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Yuedong Ma
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Cardiology department, first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, CN
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, CN
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Tsai M, Gao W, Chien K, Kyaw TW, Baw C, Hsu C, Wen C. Resting Heart Rate Independent of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Is Associated With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Cohort Study Based on 476 347 Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030559. [PMID: 38038184 PMCID: PMC10727324 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among those without cardiovascular disease remains unclear. We aim to establish temporal consistency and elucidate the independent relationship between RHR and the risk of ESRD. METHODS AND RESULTS This cohort enrolled participants from 476 347 individuals who had taken part in a screening program from 1996 to 2017. We identified 2504 participants who had ESRD, and the median follow-up was 13 years. RHR was extracted from electrocardiography results, and the study assessed the relationship between RHR and the risk of ESRD using the Cox proportional hazards model. Of the participants, 32.6% had an RHR of 60 to 69 beats per minute (bpm), and 22.2% had an RHR of ≥80 bpm. Participants with an RHR of ≥80 bpm had a higher stage of chronic kidney disease, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and more proteinuria than those with an RHR of 60 to 69 bpm. Participants with an RHR of 80 to 89 and ≥90 bpm had a 24% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24 [95% CI, 1.09-1.42]) and 64% (HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.42-1.90]) higher risk of ESRD, respectively. The risk of ESRD remained significantly elevated (HR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.10-1.58] per 10-beat increase from 60 bpm) after excluding participants who smoked; had hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia; or were overweight. CONCLUSIONS An RHR of ≥80 bpm is significantly associated with an increased risk of ESRD. These results suggest that RHR may serve as a risk factor for kidney disease in individuals without established cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min‐Kuang Tsai
- College of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public HealthNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wayne Gao
- College of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Kuo‐Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public HealthNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Population Health Research CenterNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Thu Win Kyaw
- College of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Kun Baw
- Hospital MedicineThe Southeast Permanente Medical GroupGAAtlantaUSA
| | - Chih‐Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Pang Wen
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
- China Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
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De Martin Topranin V, Engseth TP, Hrozanova M, Taylor M, Sandbakk Ø, Noordhof DA. The Influence of Menstrual-Cycle Phase on Measures of Recovery Status in Endurance Athletes: The Female Endurance Athlete Project. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:1296-1303. [PMID: 37726100 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of menstrual-cycle (MC) phase on measures of recovery status, that is, resting heart rate, perceived sleep quality, and physical and mental readiness to train, among female endurance athletes. METHODS Daily data were recorded during 1 to 4 MCs (ie, duration ≥21 and ≤35 d, ovulatory, luteal phase ≥10 d) of 41 trained-to-elite-level female endurance athletes (mean [SD]: age 27 [8] y, weekly training: 9 [3] h). Resting heart rate was assessed daily using a standardized protocol, while perceived sleep quality and physical and mental readiness to train were assessed using a visual analog scale (1-10). Four MC phases (early follicular phase [EFP], late follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and midluteal phase [MLP]) were determined using the calendar-based counting method and urinary ovulation-prediction test. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS Resting heart rate was significantly higher in MLP (1.7 beats·min-1, P = .006) compared with EFP without significant differences between the other MC phases. Perceived sleep quality was impaired in MLP compared with late follicular phase (-0.3, P = .035). Physical readiness to train was lower both in ovulatory phase (-0.6, P = .015) and MLP (-0.5, P = .026) compared with EFP. Mental readiness to train did not show any significant differences between MC phases (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Although significant, the findings had negligible to small effect sizes, indicating that MC phase is likely not the main determinant of changes in measures of recovery status but, rather, one of the many possible stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia De Martin Topranin
- Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Maria Hrozanova
- Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Madison Taylor
- School of Sport Sciences, UiT Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sandbakk
- Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Sport Sciences, UiT Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Dionne A Noordhof
- Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science (INB), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Wang C, Xin Q, Zheng M, Liu S, Yao S, Li Y, Tian L, Feng Z, Wang M, Zhao M, Chen S, Wu S, Xue H. Association of Resting Heart Rate Trajectories With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2981-2989. [PMID: 37084400 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Longitudinal patterns of resting heart rate (RHR) in patients with diabetes mellitus and their association with health outcomes are not well-characterized. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the RHR trajectories in patients with diabetes mellitus and their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. DESIGN The Kailuan Study is a prospective cohort study. Participants underwent health examinations biennially starting in 2006 and were followed until December 31, 2020. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS A total of 8218 diabetic participants who attended at least 3 of the examinations conducted in 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES CVD and all-cause mortality. RESULTS We identified 4 RHR trajectories in participants with diabetes mellitus between 2006 and 2012: low-stable (range, 66.83-64.91 beats/min; n = 1705), moderate-stable (range, 76.30-76.95 beats/min; n = 5437), high-decreasing (mean decreased from 92.14 to 85.60 beats/min; n = 862), and high-increasing (mean increased from 84.03 to 111.62 beats/min; n = 214). During an average follow-up of 7.25 years, 977 cases of CVD and 1162 deaths were identified. Compared with the low-stable trajectory, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD were 1.48 (95% CI, 1.02-2.14; P = .04) for the high-increasing trajectory, adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.34 (95% CI, 1.14-1.58; P < .01) for the moderate-stable trajectory, 1.68 (95% CI, 1.35-2.10; P < .01) for the high-decreasing trajectory, and 2.47 (95% CI, 1.85-3.31; P < .01) for the high-increasing trajectory. CONCLUSIONS RHR trajectories were associated with the subsequent risks of CVD and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qian Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mengyi Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shihe Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Siyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Tian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zekun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Maoxiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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Han S, Qiu Y, Zhang GQ, Lian F, Zhang W. A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized clinical trials on the effect of coffee consumption on heart rate. Nutr Rev 2023:nuad110. [PMID: 37647856 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Resting heart rate (HR) is increasingly recognized as an indicator of disease and overall morbidity and mortality. Whether chronic coffee consumption affects resting HR is an important consideration for individual consumers as well as from a public health perspective. OBJECTIVE A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the effectiveness of coffee consumption on resting HR. DATA SOURCES Original RCTs assessing the effect of coffee consumption on resting HR and published prior to March 2023 were identified by searching online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Data searches and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were performed according to the Cochrane guidelines, and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Data on study characteristics, type, and amount of coffee and net change and measurement resting HR were extracted. A random-effects or a fixed-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect sizes. Homogeneity was determined with the Cochran Q test, and publication bias was assessed through Begg's test, Egger's test, and funnel plots. RESULTS A total of 6 RCTs with 11 intervention trials or arms involving 485 individuals were included. The participants were generally healthy, although some had hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or were overweight. The trial duration ranged from 2 weeks to 24 weeks. The overall pooled analysis showed that coffee consumption resulted in a negligible increase in resting HR of 0.40 beats per minute (95% CI: -0.78 to 1.57; P = 0.506), which was statistically insignificant. Subgroup analysis of all specified categories was consistent with the overall analysis. No heterogeneity was observed among included trials (I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.756). CONCLUSION The results of the present meta-analysis study demonstrate that daily coffee consumption of 3 to 6 cups for a period of 2 to 24 weeks has no statistically significant effect on resting HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Han
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gus Q Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fuzhi Lian
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zemlin C, Schleicher JT, Altmayer L, Stuhlert C, Wörmann C, Lang M, Scherer LS, Thul IC, Spenner LS, Simon JA, Wind A, Kaiser E, Weber R, Goedicke-Fritz S, Wagenpfeil G, Zemlin M, Steffgen G, Solomayer EF, Müller C. Improved awareness of physical activities is associated with a gain of fitness and a stable body weight in breast cancer patients during the first year of antineoplastic therapy: the BEGYN-1 study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1198157. [PMID: 37637039 PMCID: PMC10456044 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1198157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. Reduced physical activity and overweight are associated with poor prognosis. Breast cancer patients have a high risk to gain weight, lose muscle mass and reduce physical activity during therapy. Concepts are urgently needed to motivate patients to engage in physical activity. Methods 110 non-metastatic breast cancer patients were included in the prospective observational BEGYN-1 study. Physiological parameters and body composition were measured before the start of therapy and then quarterly for one year. Patients used a fitness tracker and documented their physical activity in a diary throughout the study. Results Although the patients were not offered any guided exercise, and despite the restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, they increased their physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task (MET) -minutes): p<0.001), physical fitness (decreasing resting heart rate: p=0.001) and did not gain weight (median - 0.4kg) over the course of the study. Conclusion Improved awareness of physical activity is associated with an increase in physical activity, fitness, and a stable weight during the first year of therapy in breast cancer patients. Counselling at diagnosis should motivate patients to engage in physical activity, wear a fitness tracker and document activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Zemlin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Julia Theresa Schleicher
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Laura Altmayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Caroline Stuhlert
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Carolin Wörmann
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Marina Lang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Scherer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Ida Clara Thul
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Lisanne Sophie Spenner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Jana Alisa Simon
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Alina Wind
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaiser
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Regine Weber
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics (IMBEI), Saarland University Campus Homburg, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Georges Steffgen
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Ghouili H, Farhani Z, Amara S, Hattabi S, Dridi A, Guelmami N, Bouassida A, Bragazzi N, Dergaa I. Normative data in resting and maximum heart rates and a prediction equation for young Tunisian soccer players: a cross-sectional study. EXCLI J 2023; 22:670-680. [PMID: 37636027 PMCID: PMC10450209 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) is an important indicator of work intensity during physical activity. Maximum heart rate (MHR) is a physiological measure that is frequently used as a benchmark for maximal exercise intensity. The aim of this study was to establish reference curves for maximum heart rate (MHR) and resting heart rate (RHR) and to develop an estimated equation for Tunisian adolescent footballers. The study involved 801 adolescent players, aged 11 to 18, who belonged to five Tunisian first-division soccer teams. The LMS method was used for smoothing the curves and the multivariate linear regression to develop a prediction equation of MHR. Our results showed that MHR and RHR reference curves decrease with age. The values of the median curves of MHR and RHR ranged from 208.64 bpm (11 years) to 196.93 (18 years) and 73.86 (11 years) to 63.64 (18 years), respectively. The prediction equation obtained from the model was MHR= 225.08 - 1.55 X Age (years) (R2 = 0.317; P < 0.001; standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 5.22). The comparisons between the estimated values and the measured values have found that our model (- 0.004 ±5.22 bpm) was to be more accurate than two other widely known models. BOX's equation underestimates the measured MHR values by -3.17 ± 5.37 bpm and TANAKA's equation overestimates by + 4.33 ±5.5 bpm. The reference curves can be used by coaches and physical trainers to classify the resting heart rate (RHR) and maximum heart rate (MHR) of each adolescent player, track their evolution over time, and design tailored training programs with specific intensities for Tunisian soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Ghouili
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Zouhaier Farhani
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Sofiane Amara
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sports Performance, Health & Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, Universite de la Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soukaina Hattabi
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Amel Dridi
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Noomen Guelmami
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anissa Bouassida
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Nicola Bragazzi
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Canada
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Rentería LI, Greenwalt CE, Johnson S, Kviatkovsky SA, Dupuit M, Angeles E, Narayanan S, Zeleny T, Ormsbee MJ. Early Detection of COVID-19 in Female Athletes Using Wearable Technology. Sports Health 2023:19417381231183709. [PMID: 37401442 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231183709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV), respiratory rate (RR), and resting heart rate (RHR) are common variables measured by wrist-worn activity trackers to monitor health, fitness, and recovery in athletes. Variations in RR are observed in lower-respiratory infections, and preliminary data suggest changes in HRV and RR are linked to early detection of COVID-19 infection in nonathletes. HYPOTHESIS Wearable technology measuring HRV, RR, RHR, and recovery will be successful for early detection of COVID-19 in NCAA Division I female athletes. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2. METHODS Female athletes wore WHOOP, Inc. bands through the 2020 to 2021 competitive season. Of the athletes who tested positive for COVID (n = 33), 14 had enough data to be assessed (N = 14; 20.0 ± 1.3 years; 69.8 ± 7.2 kg; 172.0 ± 8.3 cm). Roughly 2 weeks of noninfected days were used to set baseline levels of HRV, RR, recovery, and RHR to compare with -3, -2, and -1 days before a positive COVID-19 result. RESULTS Increases in RR (P = 0.02) were detected on day -3. RHR (P < 0.01) and RR increased (P < 0.01), while HRV decreased (P < 0.05) on day -1, compared with baseline. Differences were noted in all variables on the day of the positive COVID-19 result: decreased HRV (P < 0.05) and recovery scores (P < 0.01), and increased RHR (P < 0.01) and RR (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION In female athletes, wearable technology was successful in predicting COVID-19 infection through changes in RR 3 days before a positive test, and also HRV and RHR the day before a positive test. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Wearable technology may be used, as part of a multifaceted approach, for the early detection of COVID-19 in elite athletes through monitoring of HRV, RR, and RHR for overall team health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana I Rentería
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Casey E Greenwalt
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Shiloah A Kviatkovsky
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, and Center for Aging and Longevity, Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Marine Dupuit
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, and Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elisa Angeles
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Sachin Narayanan
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | | | - Michael J Ormsbee
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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12
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Siddi S, Bailon R, Giné-Vázquez I, Matcham F, Lamers F, Kontaxis S, Laporta E, Garcia E, Lombardini F, Annas P, Hotopf M, Penninx BWJH, Ivan A, White KM, Difrancesco S, Locatelli P, Aguiló J, Peñarrubia-Maria MT, Narayan VA, Folarin A, Leightley D, Cummins N, Vairavan S, Ranjan Y, Rintala A, de Girolamo G, Simblett SK, Wykes T, Myin-Germeys I, Dobson R, Haro JM. The usability of daytime and night-time heart rate dynamics as digital biomarkers of depression severity. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3249-3260. [PMID: 37184076 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in heart rate (HR) may provide new information about physiological signatures of depression severity. This 2-year study in individuals with a history of recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) explored the intra-individual variations in HR parameters and their relationship with depression severity. METHODS Data from 510 participants (Number of observations of the HR parameters = 6666) were collected from three centres in the Netherlands, Spain, and the UK, as a part of the remote assessment of disease and relapse-MDD study. We analysed the relationship between depression severity, assessed every 2 weeks with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8, with HR parameters in the week before the assessment, such as HR features during all day, resting periods during the day and at night, and activity periods during the day evaluated with a wrist-worn Fitbit device. Linear mixed models were used with random intercepts for participants and countries. Covariates included in the models were age, sex, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption, antidepressant use and co-morbidities with other medical health conditions. RESULTS Decreases in HR variation during resting periods during the day were related with an increased severity of depression both in univariate and multivariate analyses. Mean HR during resting at night was higher in participants with more severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that alterations in resting HR during all day and night are associated with depression severity. These findings may provide an early warning of worsening depression symptoms which could allow clinicians to take responsive treatment measures promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Bailon
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de investigación biomédica en red en el área de bioingeniería, biomateriales y nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Matcham
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - F Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Kontaxis
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de investigación biomédica en red en el área de bioingeniería, biomateriales y nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Laporta
- Centros de investigación biomédica en red en el área de bioingeniería, biomateriales y nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Garcia
- Centros de investigación biomédica en red en el área de bioingeniería, biomateriales y nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, CIBERBBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Lombardini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Annas
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - M Hotopf
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Ivan
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - K M White
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - S Difrancesco
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Locatelli
- Department of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - J Aguiló
- Centros de investigación biomédica en red en el área de bioingeniería, biomateriales y nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, CIBERBBN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T Peñarrubia-Maria
- Catalan Institute of Health, Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP Jordi Gol), CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V A Narayan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - A Folarin
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - D Leightley
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - N Cummins
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - S Vairavan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Y Ranjan
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - A Rintala
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Social Services and Health Care, LAB University of Applied Sciences, Lahti, Finland
| | - G de Girolamo
- IRCCS Instituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - S K Simblett
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - T Wykes
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I Myin-Germeys
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Dobson
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - J M Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Zambach C, Fedorowski A, Gerward S, Johansson M, Engström G, Hamrefors V. Subclinical atherosclerosis and risk factors in relation to autonomic indices in the general population. J Hypertens 2023; 41:759-767. [PMID: 36883449 PMCID: PMC10090316 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orthostatic hypotension and resting heart rate (RHR) are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unknown how these factors relate to subclinical CVD. We examined the relationship between orthostatic blood pressure (BP) response, RHR and cardiovascular risk factors, including coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and arterial stiffness, in the general population. METHODS We included 5493 individuals (age 50-64 years; 46.6% men) from The Swedish CArdioPulmonary-bio-Image Study (SCAPIS). Anthropometric and haemodynamic data, biochemistry, CACS and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were retrieved. Individuals were categorized into binary variables that manifest orthostatic hypotension and in quartiles of orthostatic BP responses and RHR, respectively. Differences across the various characteristics were tested using χ 2 for categorical variables and analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. RESULTS The mean (SD) SBP and DBP decrease upon standing was -3.8 (10.2) and -9.5 (6.4) mmHg, respectively. Manifest orthostatic hypotension (1.7% of the population) associated with age ( P = 0.021), systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure ( P < 0.001), CACS (<0.001), PWV ( P = 0.004), HbA1c ( P < 0.001) and glucose levels ( P = 0.035). Age ( P < 0.001), CACS ( P = 0.045) and PWV ( P < 0.001) differed according to systolic orthostatic BP, with the highest values seen in those with highest and lowest systolic orthostatic BP-responses. RHR was associated with PWV ( P < 0.001), SBP and DBP ( P < 0.001) as well as anthropometric parameters ( P < 0.001) but not CACS ( P = 0.137). CONCLUSION Subclinical abnormalities in cardiovascular autonomic function, such as impaired and exaggerated orthostatic BP response and increased resting heart rate, are associated with markers of increased cardiovascular risk in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zambach
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund
| | - Artur Fedorowski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Sofia Gerward
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö
| | - Madeleine Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Viktor Hamrefors
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Lu L, Zhong J, Wu X, Chen Q, Lin H, Chen L, Luo Y. [ Resting heart rate correlates with major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with post-myocardial infarction ventricular aneurysms: a retrospective cohort study]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:400-404. [PMID: 37087584 PMCID: PMC10122741 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of resting heart rate (RHR) with the prognosis of patients with post-infarction ventricular aneurysms. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 227 patients with post-infarction ventricular aneurysms admitted to our hospital during 2017-2019. The endpoint event was the occurrence of any major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) during the follow-up for 24 months. According to RHR measurements, the patients were divided into 3 groups with baseline RHR < 10%, 10%-90%, and >90%. The Cox proportional risk model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were used to analyze the effect of RHR on MACCEs. RESULTS During the 24-month followup, 90 patients (39.6%) experienced MACCEs. The fully adjusted RCS curves showed a nonlinear "U" shaped correlation between RHR and the occurrence of MACCEs. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of MACCEs increased by 3.01-fold (Hazard ratio [HR]=4.01, 95% CI: 2.07-7.76, P < 0.001) in patients with RHR>90%, as compared with patients with RHR of 10%-90%. In patients with RHR in 1-9th percentile, 10th-90th percentile and 91st-100th percentile, the incidences of MACCEs were 39.1%, 36.6% and 66.7% (P=0.027), the incidences of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) were 17.4%, 2.7% and 4.8% (P=0.005), and the incidences of readmission for heart failure were 8.7%, 26.8% and 42.9% (P=0.036), respectively. CONCLUSION Continuous monitoring and management of heart rate range may provide guidance for prognosis prediction in patients with post-infarction ventricular aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - J Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - H Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Institute of Coronary Artery Disease, Fuzhou 350001, China
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15
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Ikeda S, Shinohara K, Enzan N, Matsushima S, Tohyama T, Funakoshi K, Kishimoto J, Itoh H, Komuro I, Tsutsui H. A higher resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular event risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without known cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 2023. [PMID: 36707715 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A higher resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RHR and cardiovascular events in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy and without known cardiovascular disease. We analyzed the association between RHR and cardiovascular events, including coronary, cerebral, renal and vascular events or cardiovascular death in T2DM patients with retinopathy and hyperlipidemia without prior cardiovascular events who were enrolled in the EMPATHY study. Data from 4746 patients were analyzed. The median RHR was 76 bpm. Patients were divided into four groups based on their baseline RHR ( < 60, 60-69, 70-79, and ≥80 bpm). Patients with a higher RHR were more likely to be younger and had a higher body mass index, blood pressure value, HbA1c value, and estimated glomerular filtration rate and a lower B-type natriuretic peptide value; they also had a higher proportion of current smoking status, neuropathy, and nephropathy. After adjusting for confounders, including the aforementioned risk factors, a RHR of 70-79 bpm and a RHR ≥ 80 bpm were significantly associated with cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.03-2.20; and hazard ratio 1.62, 95% CI 1.11-2.36; respectively) compared to a RHR of 60-69 bpm. The analysis using restricted cubic splines indicated that the cardiovascular risk seemed to be similarly high when the RHR range was ≥70 bpm. In conclusion, in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy and without known cardiovascular disease, a high RHR, particularly ≥70 bpm, was associated with the risk of cardiovascular events compared to a RHR of 60-69 bpm. High resting heart rate (RHR), particularly ≥70 bpm, was associated with the risk of cardiovascular events compared to RHR 60-69 bpm in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic retinopathy, and hyperlipidemia, but without known cardiovascular disease.
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Inbaraj G, Udupa K, Raghavendra RM, Ram A, Patil S, Rajeswaran J, Nandakumar KK, Belur S, Arjun K, Govindaraj R, Bayari SK, Sathyaprabha TN. Effects of an 18-Week Integrated Yoga Program on Cardiac Autonomic Function in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231168795. [PMID: 37594042 PMCID: PMC10467170 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231168795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiotoxicity is a commonly observed adverse effect seen in breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing chemotherapy with attributes toward cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CAD). Yoga, a mind-body system of medicine that has been shown to improve cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in various health conditions, could be an effective adjuvant approach in addressing CAD. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the protective effects of Integrated Yoga Therapy (IYT) on ANS functioning, assessed using Heart rate variability (HRV) in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS A total of 68 (stage I-III) BC patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Treatment as Usual group (TAU) and TAU with Yoga Therapy group (TAUYT). All patients underwent anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy for a total of 6 cycles with 21 days/cycle. During chemotherapy, the TAUYT group received IYT 5 days a week for 18 weeks, compared with usual care alone in the TAU group. Resting heart rate (RHR) and HRV, measured in both the time and frequency domains, were used to assess the cardiac ANS function of each patient before and after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. RESULTS A total of 30 subjects in the TAU group and 29 subjects in the TAUYT group were included in the analysis. At baseline (before chemotherapy), there were no significant differences between the TAU and TAUYT groups in terms of RHR and HRV indices. However, after chemotherapy, patients in the TAU group had a significantly higher average RHR (P < .02) and lower HRV indices with reduced parasympathetic indices: RMSSD (P < .01), pNN50% (P < .04), high-frequency power (P < .001) and increased sympathetic indices: low-frequency power (P < .001) with sympathovagal imbalance: LF/HF (P < .001) compared with patients in the TAUYT group. CONCLUSION The study showed the protective effects of yoga therapy on CAD in patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy for BC, proposing yoga as a potential adjuvant intervention in improving cardiac health and preventing cardiovascular-related morbidities. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) database (CTRI/2020/10/028446; October 16, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganagarajan Inbaraj
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kaviraja Udupa
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Jamuna Rajeswaran
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Ramajayam Govindaraj
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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17
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Garcia-Argibay M, Du Rietz E, Hartman CA, Lichtenstein P, Chang Z, Fava C, Cortese S, Larsson H. Cardiovascular risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2022; 31:e1930. [PMID: 35765813 PMCID: PMC9720218 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (1) investigate the associations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmental influences; (3) assess if pharmacological treatment for ADHD influences these associations. METHODS We identified 395,978 individuals born between 1973 and 1991 who had military conscription examinations at a mean age of 18.3 years (SD = 0.57) and their full-siblings within the same cohort (N = 208,060) by linking population-based registers in Sweden. RESULTS Significantly increased risk of ADHD was observed in individuals with low systolic blood pressure (SBP) and PP, low physical fitness, and in those who had overweight or obesity after adjustments (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR] ranging from 1.10 to 1.45). Full siblings of individuals with low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity were more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to full siblings without those risk factors (OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.31). Additionally, analyses showed robust associations between ADHD and low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity, even in ADHD medication-naïve individuals. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with several cardiovascular risk factors are more often diagnosed with ADHD, regardless of psychiatric comorbidity. These association are not explained by ADHD pharmacotherapy, rather, they are in part due to shared familial risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garcia-Argibay
- School of Medical Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ebba Du Rietz
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Samuele Cortese
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Experimental Science (CNS and Psychiatry), University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK.,Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.,Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, New York, USA.,School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Henrik Larsson
- School of Medical Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Wang SL, Li W, Li TF, Liang X, Yan YL, Liu SY. QRISK3-based analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with long-term but well-controlled systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3247-3260. [PMID: 35702101 PMCID: PMC9185081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents are the principal forms of treatment for this condition. While cardiovascular disease (CVD) is known to be a major cause of death in patients with SLE, there has been no improvement over the last few decades with regard to diagnosis, treatment, or prognosis. The QRISK3 algorithm is a new algorithm that includes SLE-related risk factors; this tool can predict the risk of CVD over a ten-year period. In this study, involving 180 patients, we compared the performance of the Framingham risk score, the recalibrated risk prediction SCORE, and QRISK3 for the assessment of CVD in patients with a long course of disease and low disease activity. Then, we used a more efficient algorithm, QRISK3 to identify the risk factors for CVD. This was a prospective and cross-sectional study involving 116 patients. All patients fulfilled the ACR criteria. The systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) is widely used to assess disease activity in SLE patients; patients with a SLEDAI-2K less than or equal to 4 are considered to be stable. Thus, we defined well-controlled patients as those with a SLEDAI-2K score less than or equal to 4. The dose of glucocorticoid (GC) that patients received was less or equal to 10 mg per day. We recorded and assessed a range of traditional risk factors, current treatments, comorbidities, data at the time of onset, and SLE-related evaluations. The QRISK3 score, and the relative risk (RR) that this score defined, were used to estimate the risk of CVD in patients with SLE. According to these relative risks, the patients were divided into low- (n=28), intermediate- (n=46), and high-relative risk (n=31) groups for subgroup analysis. Of the 116 patients enrolled, 105 were eligible to be assessed for the risk of CVD. By univariate analyses, the RR was significantly related with age at the time of enrolment (p<0.001), age at onset (p<0.001), resting heart rate (RHR) (p<0.001), present dose of GCs (p<0.001), present SLEDAI-2K (p=0.015), aerobic exercise (p<0.001), initial SLEDAI-2K (p<0.001), and initial dose of GCs (p=0.048). In the multiple linear regression model, the RR of CVD was significantly correlated with the initial SLEDAI-2K score (β=2.112, p<0.001), initial dose of GCs (β=-0.009, p=0.041), resting heart rate (β=0.241, p=0.003) and age at onset (β=-0.208, p=0.004). Pearson's correlation showed that RHR was significantly associated with aerobic exercise (r=-0.322, p=0.001). Subgroup analysis further identified a positive correlation between the history of nephritis, metabolic syndrome (MetS), aerobic exercise, present dose of GCs, and the RR of CVD. Patients with long-term but well-controlled SLE had a high relative risk of CVD and that this was associated with resting heart rate (P=0.003), history of lupus nephritis (P<0.001), initial SLEDAI-2K score (P<0.001), and metabolic syndrome (P=0.017). However, age at onset (P<0.001), use of hydroxychloroquine (P=0.30) and Mycophenolate mofetil (P=0.01), and the initial dose of glucocorticoid (P=0.049), were protective factors. Younger SLE patients had a significantly higher relative risk of CVD than older patients (p<0.001). QRISK3 detected more SLE patients at high risk of CVD when compared to the Framingham and recalibrate SCORE. To reduce the risk of CVD in SLE patients, measures should be taken both during the initial stages of disease and for long-term management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Lin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tian-Fang Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ye-Lan Yan
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Yun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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19
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Huang T, Wang W, Wang J, Lv J, Yu C, Guo Y, Pei P, Huang N, Yang L, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Chen Y, Du H, Su J, Chen J, Chen Z, Tang Y, Li L. Conventional and Bidirectional Genetic Evidence on Resting Heart Rate and Cardiometabolic Traits. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1518-e1527. [PMID: 34850013 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Observational studies have suggested that higher resting heart rate (RHR) may be associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. However, causal associations are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the direction, strength, and causality of the associations of RHR with cardiometabolic traits. METHODS We assessed the strength of associations between measured RHR and cardiometabolic traits in 506 211 and 372 452 participants from China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and UK Biobank (UKB). Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were used to make causal inferences in 99 228 and 371 508 participants from CKB and UKB, respectively. RESULTS We identified significant directionally concordant observational associations between RHR and higher total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, body mass index, waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after the Bonferroni correction. MR analyses showed that 10 beat/min higher genetically predicted RHR was trans-ethnically associated with a higher DBP (beta 2.059 [95% CI 1.544, 2.574] mmHg in CKB; 2.037 [1.845, 2.229] mmHg in UKB), higher CRP (0.180 [0.057, 0.303] log mg/L in CKB; 0.154 [0.134, 0.174] log mg/L in UKB), higher TG (0.052 [-0.009, 0.113] log mmol/L in CKB; 0.020 [0.010, 0.030] log mmol/L in UKB) and higher WHR (0.218 [-0.033, 0.469] % in CKB; 0.225 [0.111, 0.339] % in UKB). In the opposite direction, higher genetically predicted SBP, TG, glucose, and WHR, and lower high-density lipoprotein, were associated with elevated RHR. CONCLUSION Our large-scale analyses provide causal evidence for associations between RHR and cardiometabolic traits, highlighting the importance of monitoring heat rate as a means of alleviating the adverse effects of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ninghao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Jian Su
- Jiangsu CDC, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yida Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
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20
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Liu Z, Zhen Y, Lin F, Zheng X, Liu X, Sun G, Ye Z, Wen J, Liu P. Resting heart rate as a preoperative predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. J Card Surg 2022; 37:1644-1650. [PMID: 35274764 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a marker of the autonomic nervous system, resting heart rate is a predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). However, its predictive value for POAF after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) has not been adequately studied. METHODS We enrolled 97 patients who underwent PTE in our hospital from December 2016 to November 2021 in this retrospective study. Almost all preoperative characteristics, including electrocardiogram, demographics, hematologic and biochemical indices, echocardiography, and pulmonary hemodynamics, were compared between patients with and without POAF. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for POAF after PTE. RESULTS Overall, 21 patients (21.6%) suffered from POAF after PTE. Compared with patients without POAF, those with POAF were older (p = .049), with a higher resting heart rate (p = .012), and higher platelet count (p = .040). In the binary logistic regression analysis, the resting heart rate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.043, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.009-1.078, p = .012) and age (OR = 1.051, 95% CI = 1.003-1.102, p = .037) were independent risk factors for POAF after PTE. The optimal cutoff point of resting heart rate was 89.5 with sensitivity and specificity of 47.6% and 77.6%. When the cutoff value of the age was 54.5, its sensitivity for predicting POAF was 71.4%, with a specificity of 59.2%. CONCLUSIONS POAF is common after PTE surgery, and the incidence may be underestimated. The resting heart rate and age are independent preoperative risk factors for POAF after PTE. Considering the lower predictive power of the resting heart and age, further large-scale studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- Departmen of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhen
- Departmen of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Ye
- Departmen of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyan Wen
- Departmen of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Departmen of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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21
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Zhang X, Hong F, Qin Z, Liu L, Yang J, Tang X, Li X, Zhang J, Luo P. Resting heart rate is associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among Dong adults in southwest China: Cross-sectional findings of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3475. [PMID: 34036712 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS High resting heart rate (RHR), one abnormal manifestation of autonomic nervous system, is associated with metabolic disorders. However, the association between RHR and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components remains controversial. We aimed to explore the link between these two parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 6589 Dong adults (1434 cases of MetS) from the cross-sectional survey of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study. Logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and assess the association between RHR and MetS, clustered metabolic risk, and MetS components. Restricted cubic splines model was used to evaluate the dose response association. RESULTS A positive association existed between RHR and MetS, and people in the highest RHR quartile had a higher MetS risk (OR 1.75 [95% CI 1.42-2.15]) than those in the lowest quartile. The clustered metabolic risk associated with RHR (p < 0.05). Furthermore, RHR was related to elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated triglycerides (TG) and elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG); the ORs (95% CIs) for the highest versus lowest RHR quartile were 2.06 (1.75-2.43), 1.37 (1.17-1.62) and 2.53 (2.04-3.14), respectively. Similar results were found in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Also, non-linear dose response association existed between RHR and MetS and elevated levels of BP, TG and FPG (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS RHR was related to increased risk of MetS, three MetS components (elevated BP, elevated TG and elevated FPG) and the clustered metabolic risk. RHR may be a useful indicator for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Hong
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zixiu Qin
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Guiyang Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuejie Tang
- The Affiliated Higher Education Mega Center Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xi Li
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiangping Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Health Bureau of Yunyan District, Guiyang, China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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22
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Jin H, Yang S, Yang F, Zhang L, Weng H, Liu S, Fan F, Li H, Zheng X, Yang H, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Li J. Elevated resting heart rates are a risk factor for mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. J Transl Int Med 2021; 9:285-293. [PMID: 35136727 PMCID: PMC8802402 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the association between higher resting heart rates (RHRs) and adverse events in COVID-19 patients. METHODS One hundred and thirty-six patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were admitted. Outcomes of patients with different RHRs were compared. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients had RHRs of <80 bpm (beat per min), 85 had 80-99 bpm and 22 had ≥100 bpm as tachycardia. Those with higher RHRs had lower pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and higher temperatures, and there was a higher proportion of men upon admission (all P < 0.05). Patients with higher RHRs showed higher white blood cell counts and D-dimer, cardiac troponin I (TnI), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels, but lower albumin levels (all P < 0.05) after admission. During follow-up, 26 patients died (mortality rate, 19.1%). The mortality rate was significantly higher among patients with tachycardia than among the moderate and low RHR groups (all P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the risks of death and ventilation use increased for patients with tachycardia (P < 0.001). Elevated RHR as a continuous variable and a mean RHR as tachycardia were independent risk factors for mortality and ventilator use (all P < 0.05) in the multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model. CONCLUSIONS Elevated average RHRs during the first 3 days of hospitalisation were associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Average RHRs as tachycardia can independently predict all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Shengwen Yang
- The Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Haoyu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Shengcong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Fangfang Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Haichao Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Xizi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
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23
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Wang Z, Chen X, Wu Y, Jiang W, Yang L, Wang H, Liu S, Liu Y. Admission Resting Heart Rate as an Independent Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:7699-7706. [PMID: 34764683 PMCID: PMC8575447 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s333971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationship between admission resting heart rate (RHR) and all-cause mortality in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods A retrospective cohort study with 837 patients based on the established hip fracture database was conducted. Admission RHR was measured via electrocardiogram, and patients were grouped by the median RHR value (beats per minute, bpm). The main outcomes were 1-year and total all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline were used to assess the relationship between RHR and mortality. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to determine whether the results were stable. Results The mean and median RHR were 82.3 and 80.0 bpm, respectively. After a median follow-up of 31.8 months, the 1-year and total all-cause mortality were 17.6% and 31.2%. Multivariable Cox analyses showed that high RHR was an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality (HR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.08–2.13; p = 0.016), and total mortality (HR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.12–1.85; p = 0.005). For each 10 bpm increase in RHR, the risk of 1-year death increased by 23.0% (HR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09–1.39; p = 0.001), and total death increased by 21.0% (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.09–1.34; p < 0.001). A typical J-shaped curve was observed in the restricted cubic spline for the association between RHR and 1-year mortality, with the lowest mortality risk at 70 bpm. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar findings. Conclusion An increase in RHR was independently associated with all-cause mortality, and may be a useful prognostic predictor for elderly patients with hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Wang
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yang
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Liu
- Orthopaedic Center of Deyang City, Department of Orthopedics, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Manresa-Rocamora A, Sarabia JM, Javaloyes A, Flatt AA, Moya-Ramón M. Heart Rate Variability-Guided Training for Enhancing Cardiac-Vagal Modulation, Aerobic Fitness, and Endurance Performance: A Methodological Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10299. [PMID: 34639599 PMCID: PMC8507742 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to establish whether heart rate variability (HRV)-guided training enhances cardiac-vagal modulation, aerobic fitness, or endurance performance to a greater extent than predefined training while accounting for methodological factors. METHODS We searched Web of Science Core Collection, Pubmed, and Embase databases up to October 2020. A random-effects model of standardized mean difference (SMD) was estimated for each outcome measure. Chi-square and the I2 index were used to evaluate the degree of homogeneity. RESULTS Accounting for methodological factors, HRV-guided training was superior for enhancing vagal-related HRV indices (SMD+ = 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.09, 0.91)), but not resting HR (SMD+ = 0.04 (95% CI = -0.34, 0.43)). Consistently small but non-significant (p > 0.05) SMDs in favor of HRV-guided training were observed for enhancing maximal aerobic capacity (SMD+ = 0.20 (95% CI = -0.07, 0.47)), aerobic capacity at second ventilatory threshold (SMD+ = 0.26 (95% CI = -0.05, 0.57)), and endurance performance (SMD+ = 0.20 (95% CI = -0.09, 0.48)), versus predefined training. No heterogeneity was found for any of the analyzed aerobic fitness and endurance performance outcomes. CONCLUSION Best methodological practices pertaining to HRV index selection, recording position, and approaches for establishing baseline reference values and daily changes (i.e., fixed or rolling HRV averages) require further study. HRV-guided training may be more effective than predefined training for maintaining and improving vagal-mediated HRV, with less likelihood of negative responses. However, if HRV-guided training is superior to predefined training for producing group-level improvements in fitness and performance, current data suggest it is only by a small margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Manresa-Rocamora
- Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.)
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation), Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - José Manuel Sarabia
- Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.)
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation), Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Javaloyes
- Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Andrew A. Flatt
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA 31419, USA;
| | - Manuel Moya-Ramón
- Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (J.M.S.); (A.J.)
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation), Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain
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Lockie RG, Rodas KA, Dawes JJ, Dulla JM, Orr RM, Moreno MR. How Does Time Spent Working in Custody Influence Health and Fitness Characteristics of Law Enforcement Officers? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:9297. [PMID: 34501887 PMCID: PMC8431568 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of time spent working in custody on the health and fitness of law enforcement officers (LEOs). Retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 48 male and 12 female LEOs, divided into groups based upon time spent working custody: LEO ≤ 24 (≤24 months; n = 15); LEO 2547 (25-47 months; n = 24); and LEO 48+ (≥48 months; n = 21). The following were measured: body mass index (BMI); fat mass percentage; waist-to-hip ratio (WHR); resting heart rate (RHR); blood pressure; grip strength; sit-and-reach; push-ups; sit-ups; and YMCA step test recovery heart rate (HR). A univariate ANCOVA (controlling for sex and age) with Bonferroni post hoc determined significant between-group differences. Select assessments were compared to normative data. The LEO 48+ group completed fewer sit-ups than the LEO 2547 group (p = 0.006); there were no other significant between-group differences. Forty-nine LEOs were overweight or obese according to BMI; 52 were fatter than average or above; 27 had a WHR that increased cardiovascular disease risk. Forty-three LEOs had very poor RHR; 52 had elevated blood pressure. Forty-eight LEOs had average-to-very poor step test recovery HR. Irrespective of time spent working in custody, personnel should be physically active to maintain health and fitness and, where possible, engage in formal strength training and conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Lockie
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92835, USA; (K.A.R.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Karly A. Rodas
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92835, USA; (K.A.R.); (M.R.M.)
| | - J. Jay Dawes
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Joseph M. Dulla
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4229, Australia; (J.M.D.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Robin M. Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD 4229, Australia; (J.M.D.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Matthew R. Moreno
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92835, USA; (K.A.R.); (M.R.M.)
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Kańtoch E, Kańtoch A. Cardiovascular and Pre-Frailty Risk Assessment during Shelter-In-Place Measures Based on Multimodal Biomarkers Collected from Smart Telemedical Wearables. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091997. [PMID: 34066571 PMCID: PMC8125204 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wearable devices play a growing role in healthcare applications and disease prevention. We conducted a retrospective study to assess cardiovascular and pre-frailty risk during the Covid-19 shelter-in-place measures on human activity patterns based on multimodal biomarkers collected from smartwatch sensors. For methodology validation we enrolled five adult participants (age range: 32 to 84 years; mean 57 ± 22.38; BMI: 27.80 ± 2.95 kg/m2) categorized by age who were smartwatch users and self-isolating at home during the Covid-19 pandemic. Resting heart rate, daily steps, and minutes asleep were recorded using smartwatch sensors. Overall, we created a dataset of 464 days of continuous measurement that included 50 days of self-isolation at home during the Covid-19 pandemic. Student’s t-test was used to determine significant differences between the pre-Covid-19 and Covid-19 periods. Our findings suggest that there was a significant decrease in the number of daily steps (−57.21%; −4321; 95% CI, 3722 to 4920) and resting heart rate (−4.81%; −3.04; 95% CI, 2.59 to 3.51) during the period of self−isolation compared to the time before lockdown. We found that there was a significant decrease in the number of minutes asleep (−13.48%; −57.91; 95% CI, 16.33 to 99.49) among older adults. Finally, cardiovascular and pre-frailty risk scores were calculated based on biomarkers and evaluated from the clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliasz Kańtoch
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kańtoch
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
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27
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Chang YK, Fan HC, Lim PS, Chuang SY, Hsu CC. The relationship between resting heart rate and new-onset microalbuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes: An 8-year follow-up study. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14436. [PMID: 33095935 PMCID: PMC8246976 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Microalbuminuria is an indicator of adverse cardiovascular events and chronic kidney disease. Studies have described an elevated resting heart rate as a risk factor for microalbuminuria in people with cardiovascular disease, but none have clarified its role in microalbuminuria development in people with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between resting heart rate and new-onset microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. METHODS A total of 788 people from a glycaemic control trial in Taiwan were enrolled. Microalbuminuria was defined as a fasting urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g in two consecutive urine tests. Resting heart rate and other covariates were measured at baseline. The quartile of resting heart rates, categorized as <70, 70-74, 75-80 and >80 beats/min, was used for analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between resting heart rate and risk of microalbuminuria. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 244 people (31%) developed microalbuminuria. Those who developed microalbuminuria had a longer diabetes duration (median = 3.0 vs. 2.0 years, p < 0.001), higher rate of hypertension (77% vs. 66%, p = 0.003), higher rate of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker treatment (50% vs. 38%, p = 0.001) and higher baseline HbA1c level (70 vs. 64 mmol/mol, 8.6 vs. 8.0%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for demographics, metabolic profiles and inflammatory markers, developing microalbuminuria was significantly associated with baseline resting heart rate of 70-74, 75-80 and >80 beats/min (with hazard ratios [95% CI] of 2.05 [1.32, 3.18], 2.10 [1.32, 3.32] and 1.62 [1.01, 2.59], respectively) compared to resting heart rates <70 beats/min. An average increased risk of microalbuminuria for increment of 10 beats/min was about 24% among those with hypertension (with hazard ratios of 1.24 [1.05, 1.47] in the multivariable Cox model). CONCLUSIONS This prospective cohort study showed that resting heart rate may be an associative risk factor for developing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. K. Chang
- Department of Medical ResearchTungsTaichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of NursingJenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and ManagementMiaoliTaiwan
| | - H. C. Fan
- Department of Medical ResearchTungsTaichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of PediatricsTungsTaichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of RehabilitationJenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and ManagementMiaoliTaiwan
| | - P. S. Lim
- Division of Renal MedicineTungsTaichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - S. Y. Chuang
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - C. C. Hsu
- Institute of Population Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
- Department of Health Services AdministrationChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Family MedicineMin‐Sheng General HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
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Abstract
The roles of the resting heart rate (RHR) have been actively investigated and increasingly recognized in recent decades, because of the growing evidence that fast RHR is associated with and predicts the risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, as well as all-cause mortality. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (eg, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) have been shown to have chronotropic effects on heartbeat in both healthy people and patients with various disease conditions. The aims of this review are (1) to briefly summarize the importance of elevated RHR in disease pathogenesis and mortality; (2) to provide an update on the negative chronotropic effect of omega-3 PUFAs on the heart; (3) to highlight how omega-3 PUFAs regulate heart rate through the autonomic nervous system - a central control mechanism; and (4) to highlight how omega-3 PUFAs modulate the trans-membrane ionic channels in cardiomyocytes - a fundamental mechanism of cardiac automaticity. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are nutrients derived from some aquatic organisms, and they can also be converted from digested oily seeds and nuts of some terrestrial plants in the body. The consumption of omega-3 PUFAs for RHR reduction represents a lifestyle modification for risk factor management and promises nutritional benefits for public health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Zhang
- W. Zhang is with the Las Colinas Institutes, Irving, Texas, USA
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29
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Brzozowski A, Gillespie SM, Dixon L, Mitchell IJ. Cardiac Autonomic Function and Psychological Characteristics of Heterosexual Female Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Physical Aggression. J Interpers Violence 2021; 36:3638-3661. [PMID: 29806562 PMCID: PMC7970200 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518775748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence is predominantly viewed as a social problem of men's violence against women. However, a growing evidence base suggests an equal prevalence rate for male and female perpetrated intimate partner physical aggression. Moreover, female perpetrated intimate partner violence is often assumed to be reactive, yet there is limited evidence to support this notion. In this article, we describe the results of two studies that investigated the prevalence of female perpetrated intimate partner physical aggression, and its correlates in heterosexual female university students. The relationships of personality traits, resting heart rate, and heart rate variability (a correlate of vagal activity) were compared between females who did and did not report having engaged in intimate partner physical aggression. In Study 1, we found that 30.9% of participants reported enacting intimate partner physical aggression during the preceding 12 months. This finding suggests that a considerable number of undergraduate females aggress against their intimate partners. Perpetrators, relative to nonperpetrators, scored higher on secondary psychopathic traits. In Study 2, female intimate partner violence was shown to be associated with low resting heart rate and high heart rate variability. Perpetrators, relative to nonperpetrators, scored higher on psychopathic traits that index emotional resilience and unempathic tendencies, and reported increased proactive and reactive aggression. This raises the possibility that some incidences of female intimate partner physical aggression represent proactive aggressive acts. These findings also support the frequently found association between low resting heart rate and aggression, but raise the prospect that the reported aggressive acts reflect high heart rate variability and strong parasympathetic nervous system activity.
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30
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Pozuelo-Carrascosa DP, Cavero-Redondo I, Lee I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Reina-Gutierrez S, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Resting Heart Rate as a Predictor of Cancer Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1354. [PMID: 33806038 PMCID: PMC8037294 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was aimed to synthetize the evidence available about the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and the risk of cancer mortality. A computerized search in the Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to 24 September 2020 was performed. We performed three meta-analyses: (1) cancer mortality comparing the "less than 60 bpm" and "more than 60 bpm" categories; (2) cancer mortality comparing "less than 60 bpm", "60 to 80 bpm", and "more than 80 bpm" categories; and (3) analysis for 10-12 and 20 bpm increase in RHR and risk of cancer mortality. Twenty-two studies were included in the qualitative review, and twelve of them met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Our results showed a positive association between RHR and the risk of cancer mortality. This association was shown in a meta-analysis comparing studies reporting mean RHR values below and above 60 bpm, when comparing three RHR categories using less than 60 bpm as the reference category and, finally, in dose response analyses estimating the effect of an increase of 10-12 bpm in RHR, both in men and in women. In conclusion, a low RHR is a potential marker of low risk of cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (D.P.P.-C.); (C.Á.-B.); (S.R.-G.); (V.M.-V.)
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (D.P.P.-C.); (C.Á.-B.); (S.R.-G.); (V.M.-V.)
- Rehabilitation in Health Research Center (CIRES), Universidad de las Americas, Echaurren Street 140, 2nd Floor, 72819 Santiago, Chile
| | - I.M. Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (D.P.P.-C.); (C.Á.-B.); (S.R.-G.); (V.M.-V.)
- Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción 001518, Paraguay
| | - Sara Reina-Gutierrez
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (D.P.P.-C.); (C.Á.-B.); (S.R.-G.); (V.M.-V.)
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (D.P.P.-C.); (C.Á.-B.); (S.R.-G.); (V.M.-V.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 1670 Talca, Chile
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Tomitani N, Hoshide S, Buranakitjaroen P, Chia YC, Park S, Chen CH, Nailes J, Shin J, Siddique S, Sison J, Soenarta AA, Sogunuru GP, Tay JC, Turana Y, Zhang Y, Wanthong S, Matsushita N, Wang JG, Kario K. Regional differences in office and self-measured home heart rates in Asian hypertensive patients: AsiaBP@Home study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:606-613. [PMID: 33694262 PMCID: PMC8029517 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased heart rate is a predictor of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and all‐cause mortality. In those with high heart rates, interventions for heart rate reduction have been associated with reductions in coronary events. Asia is a diverse continent, and the prevalences of hypertension and cardiovascular disease differ among its countries. The present analysis of AsiaBP@Home study data investigated differences among resting heart rates (RHRs) in 1443 hypertensive patients from three Asian regions: East Asia (N = 595), Southeast Asia (N = 680), and South Asia (N = 168). This is the first study to investigate self‐measured RHR values in different Asian countries/regions using the same validated home BP monitoring device (Omron HEM‐7130‐AP/HEM‐7131‐E). Subjects in South Asia had higher RHR values compared with the other two regions, and the regional tendency found in RHR values was different from that found in BP values. Even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, habitual alcohol consumption, current smoking habit, shift worker, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, history of heart failure, and beta‐blocker use, both office and home RHR values in South Asia were the highest among Asia (mean values ± SE of office: East Asia [E] 75.2 ± 1.5 bpm, Southeast Asia [Se] 76.7 ± 1.5 bpm, South Asia [S] 81.9 ± 1.4 bpm; home morning: [E] 69.0 ± 1.2 bpm, [Se] 72.9 ± 1.2 bpm, [S] 74.9 ± 1.1 bpm; home evening: [E] 74.6 ± 1.2 bpm, [Se] 78.3 ± 1.2 bpm, [S] 83.8 ± 1.1 bpm). Given what is known about the impact of RHR on heart disease, our findings suggest the possible benefit of regionally tailored clinical strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Tomitani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Peera Buranakitjaroen
- Division of Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer Nailes
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center Inc, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jinho Shin
- Faculty of Cardiology Service, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jorge Sison
- Department of Medicine, Medical Center Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arieska Ann Soenarta
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University of Indonesia-National Cardiovascular Center, Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Guru Prasad Sogunuru
- MIOT International Hospital, Chennai, India.,College of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Jam Chin Tay
- Department of General Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Yuda Turana
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Science, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Divisions of Hypertension and Heart Failure, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sirisawat Wanthong
- Division of Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Ji-Guang Wang
- Department of Hypertension, Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Lee D, Baek JH, Cho YJ, Hong KS. Association of Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability With Proximal Suicidal Risk in Patients With Diverse Psychiatric Diagnoses. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:652340. [PMID: 33995148 PMCID: PMC8121144 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.652340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectively measurable biomarkers have not been applied for suicide risk prediction. Resting heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) showed potential as trans-diagnostic markers associated with suicide. This study aimed to investigate the associations of resting HR and HRV on proximal suicide risk in patients with diverse psychiatric diagnoses. This chart review study used the medical records of psychiatric patients who visited the outpatient clinic at an academic tertiary hospital. A total of 1,461 patients with diverse psychiatric diagnoses was included in the analysis. Proximal suicide risk was measured using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) suicidal score. Linear regression analyses with the MINI suicidal score as a dependent variable and binary logistic regression analyses with moderate-to-high suicide risk (MINI suicidal risk score ≥6) as a dependent variable were conducted to explore the effects of resting HR and HRV parameters on acute suicide risk after adjusting for age, sex, presence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), severity of depression and anxiety severity. We found that 55 (34.6%) patients in the MDD group, 40 (41.7%) in the BD group and 36 (3.9%) in the others group reported moderate-to-high suicide risk. Linear regression analysis revealed that both resting HR and root-mean-square of successive difference (RMSSD) had significant associations with the MINI suicidal score (P = 0.037 with HR, P = 0.003 with RMSSD). In logistic regression, only RMSSD showed a significant association with moderate-to-high suicide risk (P = 0.098 with HR, P = 0.019 with RMSSD), which remained significant in subgroup analysis with patients who reported any suicide-related symptom (MINI suicidal score >0; n = 472; P = 0.017 with HR, P = 0.012 with RMSSD). Our study findings suggest the potential for resting HR and RMSSD as biomarkers for proximal suicide risk prediction. Further research with longitudinal evaluation is needed to confirm our study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Ji Cho
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sue Hong
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kocsis A, Gajwani R, Gross J, Gumley AI, Lawrie SM, Schwannauer M, Schultze-Lutter F, Grent-‘t-Jong T, Uhlhaas PJ. Altered Autonomic Function in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:580503. [PMID: 33240132 PMCID: PMC7677235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alterations in autonomic functioning in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia are well-documented. Yet, it is currently unclear whether these dysfunctions extend into the clinical high-risk state. Thus, we investigated resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate variability (HRV) indices in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Methods: We recruited 117 CHR-P participants, 38 participants with affective disorders and substance abuse (CHR-N) as well as a group of 49 healthy controls. CHR-P status was assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Adult Version (SPI-A). We obtained 5 min, eyes-open resting-state MEG data, which was used for the extraction of cardiac field-related inter-beat-interval data and from which heart-rate and heart-rate variability measures were computed. Results: Compared to both CHR-N and healthy controls, CHR-P participants were characterized by an increased RHR, which was not explained by differences in psychopathological comorbidity and medication status. Increased RHR correlated with the presence of subthreshold psychotic symptoms and associated distress. No differences between groups were found for heart-rate variability measures, however. Furthermore, there was an association between motor-performance and psychophysiological measures. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence of alterations in autonomic functioning as disclosed by increased RHR in CHR-P participants. Future studies are needed to further evaluate this characteristic feature of CHR-P individuals and its potential predictive value for psychosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kocsis
- Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruchika Gajwani
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew I. Gumley
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schwannauer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Tineke Grent-‘t-Jong
- Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter J. Uhlhaas
- Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Pamidi S, Chapotot F, Wroblewski K, Whitmore H, Polonsky T, Tasali E. Optimal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Reduces Daytime Resting Heart Rate in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016871. [PMID: 32998624 PMCID: PMC7792375 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background It has been widely recognized that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to cardiovascular disease. Yet, randomized controlled studies failed to demonstrate a clear cardiovascular benefit from OSA treatment, mainly because of poor adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). To date, no prior study has assessed the effect of CPAP treatment on daytime resting heart rate, a strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Methods and Results We conducted a randomized controlled study in 39 participants with OSA and prediabetes, who received either in-laboratory all-night (ie, optimal) CPAP or an oral placebo for 2 weeks. During daytime, participants continued daily activities outside the laboratory. Resting heart rate was continuously assessed over 19 consecutive days and nights using an ambulatory device consisting of a single-lead ECG and triaxis accelerometer. Compared with placebo, CPAP reduced daytime resting heart rate (treatment difference, -4.1 beats/min; 95% CI, -6.5 to -1.7 beats/min; P=0.002). The magnitude of reduction in daytime resting heart rate after treatment significantly correlated with the magnitude of decrease in plasma norepinephrine, a marker of sympathetic activity (r=0.44; P=0.02), and the magnitude of decrease in OSA severity (ie, apnea-hypopnea index [r=0.48; P=0.005], oxygen desaturation index [r=0.50; P=0.003], and microarousal index [r=0.57; P<0.001]). Conclusions This proof-of-concept randomized controlled study demonstrates, for the first time, that CPAP treatment, when optimally used at night, reduces resting heart rate during the day, and therefore has positive cardiovascular carry over effects. These findings suggest that better identification and treatment of OSA may have important clinical implications for cardiovascular disease prevention. Registration URL: https:/// www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01156116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Pamidi
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Esra Tasali
- Department of Medicine University of Chicago IL
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Guo Y, Chung W, Zhu Z, Shan Z, Li J, Liu S, Liang L. Genome-Wide Assessment for Resting Heart Rate and Shared Genetics With Cardiometabolic Traits and Type 2 Diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 74:2162-2174. [PMID: 31648709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High resting heart rate (RHR) occurs in parallel with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic disorders, implying shared etiology between them. However, it is unknown if they are causally related, and no study has been conducted to investigate the shared mechanisms underlying these associations. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to understand the genetic basis of the association between resting heart rate and cardiometabolic disorders/T2D. METHODS This study examined the genetic correlation, causality, and shared genetics between RHR and T2D using LD Score regression, generalized summary data-based Mendelian randomization, and transcriptome wide association scan (TWAS) in UK Biobank data (n = 428,250) and summary-level data for T2D (74,124 cases and 824,006 control subjects) and 8 cardiometabolic traits (sample size ranges from 51,750 to 236,231). RESULTS Significant genetic correlation between RHR and T2D (rg = 0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.18 to 0.26; p = 1.99 × 10-22), and 6 cardiometabolic traits (fasting insulin, fasting glucose, waist-hip ratio, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and body mass index; rg range -0.12 to 0.24; all p < 0.05) were observed. RHR has significant estimated causal effect on T2D (odds ratio: 1.12 per 10-beats/min increment; p = 7.79 × 10-11) and weaker causal estimates from T2D to RHR (0.32 beats/min per doubling increment in T2D prevalence; p = 6.14 × 10-54). Sensitivity analysis by controlling for the included cardiometabolic traits did not modify the relationship between RHR and T2D. TWAS found locus chr2q23.3 (rs1260326) was highly pleiotropic among RHR, cardiometabolic traits, and T2D, and identified 7 genes (SMARCAD1, RP11-53O19.3, CTC-498M16.4, PDE8B, AKTIP, KDM4B, and TSHZ3) that were statistically independent and shared between RHR and T2D in tissues from the nervous and cardiovascular systems. These shared genes suggested the involvement of epigenetic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism, and AKT activation-related telomere dysfunction and vascular endothelial aging in the shared etiologies between RHR and T2D. Finally, FADS1 was found to be shared among RHR, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence of significant genetic correlations and causation between RHR and T2D/cardiometabolic traits, advance our understanding of RHR, and provide insight into shared etiology for high RHR and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wonil Chung
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simin Liu
- Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine, and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health (CGCH), Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Chen YD, Yang XC, Pham VN, Huang SA, Fu GS, Chen XP, Truong BQ, Yang Y, Liu SW, Ma TR, Kim DS, Kim TH. Resting heart rate control and prognosis in coronary artery disease patients with hypertension previously treated with bisoprolol: a sub-group analysis of the BISO-CAD study. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:1155-1165. [PMID: 32433047 PMCID: PMC7249722 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resting heart rate (RHR) is considered as a strong predictor of total mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure in hypertension patients. Bisoprolol fumarate, a second-generation beta-adrenoreceptor blockers (β-blocker) is commonly prescribed drug to manage hypertension. The present study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in the average RHR and its association with cardiovascular outcomes in bisoprolol-treated coronary artery disease (CAD) patients from the CAD treated with bisoprolol (BISO-CAD) study who had comorbid hypertension. METHODS We performed ad-hoc analysis for hypertension sub-group of the BISO-CAD study (n = 866), which was a phase IV, multination, multi-center, single-arm, observational study carried out from October 2011 to July 2015 across China, South Korea, and Vietnam. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with incidence of composite cardiac clinical outcome (CCCO), the results were presented as adjusted odds ratio (OR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) and adjusted P value. RESULTS A total of 681 patients (mean age: 64.77 ± 10.33 years) with hypertension from BISO-CAD study were included in the analysis. Bisoprolol improved CCCOs in CAD patients with comorbid hypertension, with RHR <65 and <70 beats/min compared with RHR ≥65 and ≥75 beats/min, respectively, in the efficacy analysis (EA) set. In addition, it lowered RHR in both intent-to-treat (ITT) and EA groups after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment. Further, RHR 70 to 74 beats/min resulted in significantly higher risk of CCCOs EA set of patients (adjusted OR: 4.34; 95% CI: 1.19-15.89; P = 0.03). Also, events of hospitalization due to acute coronary syndrome were higher when RHR 69 to 74 beats/min compared to RHR <69 beats/min in ITT patients. CONCLUSION Bisoprolol can effectively reduce RHR in Asian CAD patients with comorbid hypertension and hence, improve CCCO without affecting their blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Dai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xin-Chun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Vinh Nguyen Pham
- Department of Cardiology, Tam Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Shi-An Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Binh Quang Truong
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre HCMC, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
| | - Yu Yang
- Geriatrics Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tianxin, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Shao-Wen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Tian-Rong Ma
- Department of Medical Affairs, Merck Serono Co., Ltd., Beijing 100016, China
| | - Dong-Soo Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Tae-hoon Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Sejong Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 14754, Korea
- Department of Cardiology, New Korea Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 10086, Korea
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Abstract
Resting heart rate, a simple and useful indicator of autonomic function, and its imbalance has emerged as an independent predictor of cardio metabolic diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly being diagnosed worldwide and is strongly associated with the features of cardiometabolic diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between resting heart rate and NAFLD in postmenopausal women.The cross-sectional study included 1017 postmenopausal women aged ≥46 years, who attended a health examination program. Resting heart rate and NAFLD were measured in all subjects who underwent a medical examination. Resting heart rate quartiles were categorized as follows: Q1: 56 to 65, Q2: 66 to 71, Q3: 72 to 78, and Q4: 79 to 99 beats/min. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for NAFLD were calculated after adjusting for confounding variables across resting heart rate quartiles using multiple logistic regression analysis.The prevalence of NAFLD increased with increasing resting heart rate quartiles: 28.2% for Q1, 31.5% for Q2, 33.4% for Q3, and 38.1% for Q4 (P < .001). Compared to the 1st quartile, the odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of NAFLD in the 4th quartile of resting heart rates was 2.11 (1.17-3.42) after adjusting for age, body mass index, cigarette smoking, regular exercise, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase levels.Resting heart rate was positively associated with NAFLD in postmenopausal women, suggesting that it could be a useful additional measure to assess the risk for NAFLD in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bae Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhao MX, Zhao Q, Zheng M, Liu T, Li Y, Wang M, Yao S, Wang C, Chen YM, Xue H, Wu S. Effect of resting heart rate on the risk of all-cause death in Chinese patients with hypertension: analysis of the Kailuan follow-up study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032699. [PMID: 32161155 PMCID: PMC7066611 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that an elevated heart rate is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to prospectively examine the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and all-cause mortality in Chinese patients with hypertension. DESIGN An observational, prospective and population-based cohort study. SETTING The Kailuan cohort study was conducted in Tangshan City in northern China. PARTICIPANTS We enrolled 46 561 patients who did not receive beta-blocker treatment and were diagnosed with hypertension for the first time during an employee health examination in Kailuan Group in 2006 and 2008. OUTCOME The primary outcome of this study was all-cause mortality. METHODS The patients in this study were followed for 9.25±1.63 years. All patients were followed up face to face every 2 years. According to the distribution of RHR in the study population, RHR was categorised into five groups on the basis of quintiles: Q1: RHR ≤68 beats per minute (bpm); Q2: RHR >68 and ≤72 bpm; Q3: RHR >72 and ≤76 bpm; Q4: RHR >76 and ≤82 bpm; Q5: RHR >82 bpm. Cox proportional hazards model, which was adjusted for traditional risk factors, was used. RESULTS During follow-up, 4751 deaths occurred. After adjustment for potential confounders, restricted cubic spline regression showed that the risk of all-cause mortality increased with heart rate. In multivariate Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and major covariates, the HR for all-cause mortality was 1.31 (95% CI 1.27 to 1.33) in the highest quintile group (Q5) compared with the lowest quintile group (Q1). CONCLUSION An increase in RHR is a long-term risk factor of all-cause mortality in Chinese patients with hypertension. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR-TNC-11001489.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Xiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanhui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Mengyi Zheng
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Tong Liu
- North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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Caballero Y, Ando TJ, Nakae S, Usui C, Aoyama T, Nakanishi M, Nagayoshi S, Fujiwara Y, Tanaka S. Simple Prediction of Metabolic Equivalents of Daily Activities Using Heart Rate Monitor without Calibration of Individuals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 17:E216. [PMID: 31892255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Heart rate (HR) during physical activity is strongly affected by the level of physical fitness. Therefore, to assess the effects of fitness, we developed predictive equations to estimate the metabolic equivalent (MET) of daily activities, which includes low intensity activities, by % HR reserve (%HRR), resting HR, and multiple physical characteristics. Methods: Forty volunteers between the ages of 21 and 55 performed 20 types of daily activities while recording HR and sampling expired gas to evaluate METs values. Multiple regression analysis was performed to develop prediction models of METs with seven potential predictors, such as %HRR, resting HR, and sex. The contributing parameters were selected based on the brute force method. Additionally, leave-one-out method was performed to validate the prediction models. Results: %HRR, resting HR, sex, and height were selected as the independent variables. %HRR showed the highest contribution in the model, while the other variables exhibited small variances. METs were estimated within a 17.3% difference for each activity, with large differences in document arrangement while sitting (+17%), ascending stairs (−8%), and descending stairs (+8%). Conclusions: The results showed that %HRR is a strong predictor for estimating the METs of daily activities. Resting HR and other variables were mild contributors. (201 words)
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Lilleberg HS, Cichosz SL, Svensson M, Christensen JH, Fleischer J, Eide I, Jenssen T. The Effect of Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Heart Rate Variability in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2847. [PMID: 31757095 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting heart rate (rHR) and heart rate variability (HRV) are non-invasive measurements that predict the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation may decrease rHR, increase HRV, and reduce the risk of SCD. To date, no studies have investigated the effect of marine n-3 PUFA on HRV in renal transplant recipients. In a randomized controlled trial, 132 renal transplant recipients were randomized to receive either three 1 g capsules of marine n-3 PUFA, each containing 460 mg/g EPA and 380 mg/g DHA, or control (olive oil) for 44 weeks. HRV was calculated in the time and frequency domains during a conventional cardiovascular reflex test (response to standing, deep breathing, and Valsalva maneuver) and during 2 min of resting in the supine position. There was no significant effect of marine n-3 PUFA supplementation on time-domain HRV compared with controls. rHR decreased 3.1 bpm (± 13.1) for patients receiving marine n-3 PUFA compared to 0.8 (± 11.0) in controls (p = 0.28). In the frequency domain HRV analyses, there was a significant change in response to standing in both high and low frequency measures, 2.9 (p = 0.04, 95% CI (1.1;8)) and 2.7 (p = 0.04, 95% CI (1.1;6.5)), respectively. In conclusion, 44 weeks of supplemental marine n-3 PUFAs in renal transplant recipients significantly improved the cardiac autonomic function, assessed by measuring HRV during conventional cardiovascular reflex tests.
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Inoue T, Arima H, Katsuimata Y, Iseki C, Kinjo K, Iseki K. Development of Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Resting Heart Rate Over Time: Findings From the OGHMA Study. Angiology 2019; 71:70-76. [PMID: 31446774 DOI: 10.1177/0003319719870950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Both elevated resting heart rate (HR) and electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (ECG-LVH) are signs of a poor prognosis. Although elevated resting HR is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and target organ damage, the association between resting HR and the development of ECG-LVH is unclear. In the present study, 6860 subjects (4203 men, 2657 women, 19-89 years of age) without ECG-LVH at baseline were evaluated and followed for a mean duration of 3.7±1.4 years. During the follow-up period, 484 (7.1%) subjects developed ECG-LVH. Cox regression analysis revealed that each 10 beats/min increase in resting HR was associated with a 22% reduction in the development of ECG-LVH (95% confidence interval: 12%-30%, P < .0001) in men. While an increase in HR tended to be associated with the development of ECG-LVH in women, the relationship was not significant. In contrast to the concept that an elevated resting HR is a cardiovascular risk factor, these findings revealed that resting HR was negatively associated with the development of ECG-LVH in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Inoue
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nambu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Chiho Iseki
- Okinawa Heart and Renal Association, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kozen Kinjo
- Okinawa Health Promotion Foundation, Okinawa, Japan
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Kwon YJ, Lee HS, Cho MR, Kim SN, Jeon JY, Kim NK, Lee JW. Association between Resting Heart Rate and Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Case-Controlled Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E2883. [PMID: 31409045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies evaluating associations between resting heart rate (RHR) and cancer-related mortality/prognosis have yielded conflicting results. We investigated whether elevations in RHR are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted a case-controlled study involving 1241 CRC patients and 5909 cancer-free controls from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After propensity score (PS) matching, 1207 CRC patients and 1207 matched controls were analyzed. Associations between RHR and CRC, colon, and rectal cancer were analyzed in appropriate patient subgroups using multiple and conditional logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristics analysis yielded the optimal RHR cut-point to predict CRC. RHR was significantly higher in CRC, colon, and rectal cancer patients than in controls (72.7 bpm in CRC, 72.8 bpm in colon cancer, 72.3 bpm in rectal cancer, and 68.7 bpm in controls; all p < 0.001). Analysis of data prior to PS matching yielded the following odds ratios (ORs) per RHR increment for CRC, colon, and rectal cancer: 1.043 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.036–1.049), 1.045 (95% CI: 1.037–1.053), and 1.040 (95% CI: 1.030–1.051), respectively, in unadjusted models, and 1.043 (95% CI: 1.034–1.051), 1.046 (95% CI: 1.037–1.055), and 1.040 (95% CI: 1.027–1.052), respectively, in multivariable adjusted models. Patients with CRC, colon, and rectal cancer have a significantly higher RHR compared to cancer-free controls.
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Cheng JC, Chiu CY, Su TJ. Training and Evaluation of Human Cardiorespiratory Endurance Based on a Fuzzy Algorithm. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E2390. [PMID: 31284468 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory endurance refers to the ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during continuous physical activity, which is an important indicator of physical health. Cardiorespiratory endurance is typically measured in the laboratory by maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) which is not a practical method for real-life use. Given the relative difficulty in measuring oxygen consumption directly, we can estimate cardiorespiratory endurance on the basis of heart beat. In this paper, we proposed a fuzzy system based on the human heart rate to provide an effective cardiorespiratory endurance training program and the evaluation of cardiorespiratory endurance levels. Trainers can respond correctly with the help of a smart fitness app to obtain the desired training results and prevent undesirable events such as under-training or over-training. The fuzzy algorithm, which is built for the Android mobile phone operating system receives the resting heart rate (RHR) of the participants via Bluetooth before exercise to determine the suitable training speed mode of a treadmill for the individual. The computer-based fuzzy program takes RHR and heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise as inputs to calculate the cardiorespiratory endurance level. The experimental results show that after 8 weeks of exercise training, the RHR decreased by an average of 11%, the HRR increased by 51.5%, and the cardiorespiratory endurance evaluation level was also improved. The proposed system can be combined with other methods for fitness instructors to design a training program that is more suitable for individuals.
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Chen XJ, Barywani SB, Hansson PO, Östgärd Thunström E, Rosengren A, Ergatoudes C, Mandalenakis Z, Caidahl K, Fu ML. Impact of changes in heart rate with age on all-cause death and cardiovascular events in 50-year-old men from the general population. Open Heart 2019; 6:e000856. [PMID: 31168369 PMCID: PMC6519434 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resting heart rate (RHR), a known cardiovascular risk factor, changes with age. However, little is known about the association between changes in RHR and the risk of cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the impact of RHR at baseline, and the change in RHR over time, on the risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular events. Design A random population sample of men born in 1943 who were living in Gothenburg, Sweden was prospectively followed for a 21-year period. Methods Participants were examined three times: first in 1993 and then re-examined in 2003 and 2014. At each visit, a clinical examination, an ECG and laboratory analyses were performed. Change in RHR between 1993 and 2003 was defined as a decrease if RHR decreased by 5 beats per minute (bpm), an increase if RHR increased by 5 bpm or stable if the RHR change was <4bpm). Results Participants with a baseline RHR of >75 bpm in 1993 had about a twofold higher risk of all-cause death (HR 2.3, CI 1.2 to 4.7, p=0.018), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 1.8, CI 1.1 to 3.0, p=0.014) and coronary heart disease (CHD) (HR 2.2, CI 1.1 to 4.5, p=0.025) compared with those with <55 bpm in 1993. Participants with a stable RHR between 1993 and 2003 had a 44% decreased risk of CVD (HR 0.56, CI 0.35 to 0.87, p=0.011) compared with participants with an increasing RHR. Furthermore, every beat increase in heart rate from 1993 was associated with a 3% higher risk for all-cause death, 1% higher risk for CVD and 2% higher risk for CHD. Conclusion High RHR was associated with an increased risk of death and cardiovascular events in men from the general population. Moreover, individuals with an increase in RHR between 50 and 60 years of age had worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Chen
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Salim Bary Barywani
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy. University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Hansson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/ Emergency and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Östgärd Thunström
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy. University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Zacharias Mandalenakis
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Goteborgs universitet Sahlgrenska Akademin, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Caidahl
- Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Lx Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy. University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Kavish N, Fu QJ, Vaughn MG, Qian Z, Boutwell BB. Resting Heart Rate and Psychopathy Revisited: Findings From the Add Health Survey. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2019; 63:543-557. [PMID: 30338720 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x18806748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the prior linkages of low resting heart rate to antisocial behavior broadly defined, less work has been done examining possible associations between heart rate to psychopathic traits. The small body of research on the topic that has been conducted so far seems to suggest an inverse relationship between the two constructs. A smaller number of studies has found the opposite result, however, and some of the previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes and unrepresentative samples. The current study attempts to help clarify the relationship between resting heart rate and psychopathic traits in a large, nationally representative sample (analytical N ranged from 14,173-14,220) using an alternative measure of psychopathic traits that is less focused on antisocial processes, and rooted in personality traits. No significant relationship between heart rate and psychopathic traits, or heart rate and a measure of cold-heartedness, was found. It is possible that previous findings of a link between heart rate and psychopathy have been driven by the inclusion of overt antisocial behavior in many traditional psychopathy measures. Further work is needed to confirm the associations (or lack thereof) between heart rate and the behavioral, affective, and personality trait aspects of psychopathy.
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Hoon Lee D, Machado de Rezende LF, Hu FB, Jeon JY, Giovannucci EL. Resting heart rate and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3095. [PMID: 30378246 PMCID: PMC6398339 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive association between resting heart rate (RHR) and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been documented in several studies. However, whether RHR is an independent predictor of T2D and its potential interaction with other risk factors of T2D remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 31 156 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1992-2012). Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the association between RHR and T2D risk. We further examined whether this association is modified by known risk factors. Lastly, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. RESULTS During 505 380 person-years of follow-up, we identified 2338 incident T2D cases. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) comparing the highest vs lowest categories of RHR was 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-2.01). Increase in 10 bpm of RHR was associated with 19% increased risk of T2D in the fully adjusted model (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.14-1.24). The HRs of T2D associated with RHR were stronger among those with normal weight or without hypertension (P interaction < 0.001). Moreover, RHR with other known risk factors cumulatively increased T2D risk. A meta-analysis consistently showed a positive association between RHR and T2D risk (the summary relative risk [RR] for highest vs lowest RHR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.26-1.86, n = 12, the summary RR per 10 bpm increase, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09-1.26, n = 13). CONCLUSIONS High RHR was independently associated with increased risk of T2D. Our findings suggest that RHR, with other known risk factors, could be a useful tool to predict T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin Y. Jeon
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
- Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, ICONS, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Li X, Kong T, Yao Y, Chen J, Sun K, Zhang S, Hui R, Fan X. Prevalence and factors associated with fast resting heart rate in hypertensive and normotensive patients. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 42:8-15. [PMID: 30563368 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1557681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Fast resting heart rate (RHR) is easily neglected in clinical practice of hypertension treatment.Aims: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of fast RHR and associated factors in hypertensive and normotensive individuals.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from two cross-sectional studies conducted in China. A total of 6763 hypertensive patients and 2807 age and sex-matched normotensive subjects with complete data on resting electrocardiogram and medical history were included. Fast RHR was defined as RHR > 85 bpm.Results: The prevalence of fast RHR was higher in hypertensive patients as compared with the normotensives (14.4% vs 7.1%, P < 0.01). In both hypertensive and normotensive subjects, fast RHR appeared as a "U-type" distribution as aging and a "inverted J type" trend as body mass index (BMI) increasing. Multivariate regression analysis showed that fast RHR was associated with age >65 or <25 years old (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.08-1.61), BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (OR = 2.94, 95%CI 1.47-5.87) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.10-1.53) in hypertensive patients. Fast RHR in the normotensives was associated with female (OR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.27-2.48), pre-hypertensive state (OR = 2.38, 95%CI 1.61-3.52), and rural area origin (OR = 1.50, 95%CI 1.01-2.42). Stroke and diabetes conferred closer relevance to fast RHR in both hypertensive (OR = 1.31, 95%CI 1.02-1.69 and OR 2.26, 95%CI 1.60-3.21) and normotensive individuals (OR = 2.67, 95%CI 1.36-5.21 and OR = 2.77, 95%CI 1.47-5.23).Conclusion: Fast RHR might be common in patients with hypertension. Prior stroke and diabetes history is common associated with fast RHR. Other factors associated with fast RHR seem to be different between hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects.Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; CI: Confidence Interval; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; ECG: electrocardiogram; OR: odd ratio; RHR: resting heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yan Y, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Dong K, Duan F, Liang S, Ma N, Nie W, Song C, Wang K. Association between resting heart rate and hypertension in Chinese with different waist-to-height ratio: a population-based cross-sectional study. J Am Soc Hypertens 2018; 12:e93-e101. [PMID: 30268408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated resting heart rate (RHR) and obesity are important risk factors for hypertension. However, studies are rare on the combined impact of RHR and obesity on prehypertension and hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association between RHR and hypertension with different waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in Chinese. The population-based cross-sectional study was conducted during 2013-2015 in Henan province, China, and 15,536 participants aged ≥15 years were included. RHR was classified according to sex-specific quartiles. The cutoff value of WHtR was 0.5 in both sexes. Multilinear and multilogistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of RHR and WHtR with prehypertension and hypertension. In both sexes, higher RHR was associated with higher blood pressure and lower pulse pressure. Compared with the lowest RHR quartile, participants in the highest RHR quartile had an increased risk of prehypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.65; OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09-1.48) and hypertension (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.43-2.15; OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.63) for male and female, respectively, after fully adjusting the data. In addition, adjusted ORs for prehypertension and hypertension of participants with high WHtR and high RHR were 2.91 (95% CI: 2.38-3.55) and 6.28 (4.96-7.97) for male and 2.45 (2.05-2.93) and 4.63 (3.66-5.85) for female, respectively, compared with the normal WHtR and normal RHR. In conclusion, elevated RHR was significantly associated with the risk of prehypertension and hypertension in Chinese and WHtR as a measure of abdominal obesity further increased this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiyan Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fujiao Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Liang
- The Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan Ma
- The Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Nie
- The Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
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Di Raimondo D, Musiari G, Grova M, Miceli G, Tuttolomondo A, Pinto A. The "Neurocentric" Approach to Essential Hypertension: How Reliable is the Paradigm of Hyperkinetic Hypertension? A Focus on the Sympathetic Nervous System Dysregulation in Essential Hypertensive Patients with Elevated Resting Heart Rate. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:4635-4649. [PMID: 28891450 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170911102711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinic resting heart rate (RHR), is one of the cardiovascular parameters more easily measurable. In the general population RHR has been associated with total and cardiovascular mortality and higher rate of vascular events. OBJECTIVE The case of essential hypertension is in some ways peculiar: in the past decades has often been attributed to hypertensive subjects higher values of RHR than healthy controls as a result of the effects of the different factors leading to the development of essential hypertension itself, first of all the presence of an increased tone of the sympathetic nervous system Methods: Several excellent articles debated the issue of autonomic dysfunction in essential hypertension; nevertheless of this, after various decades of debate, this issue is to-date unresolved. The aim of this review is to discuss the reliability of the hypothesis that elevated resting heart rate in hypertensive subjects is associated to high blood pressure and both to elevated sympathetic nervous system activity or rather if these three phenomena coexist in a limited portion of subjects being not necessarily linked each other with a causal relationship. RESULTS The ascertainment of the exact proportion of the hypertensive subjects having sympathetic overdrive appears to be hard, not only due to the multiple interferences and the constant interplay between the various determinants of the sympathetic tone, but also because a significant uncertainty remains with regard to the validity of the methods used for assessing the sympathetic tone. CONCLUSIONS To date, any threshold used to define tachycardia is arbitrary. The percentage of hypertensive patients with elevated RHR varies considerably between the various studies, first of all because the modality of assessment influences the results. The "white coat tachycardia" is a clinical entity that must be taken into account. Ambulatory heart rate represents a good diagnostic alternative, since nocturnal mean heart rate appears to be the parameter with the highest prognostic value, probably because is less conditioned by external factors, being more representative of the "real" heart rate of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Di Raimondo
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaia Musiari
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Grova
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Miceli
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Suvarna H I S, Moodithaya S, Sharma R. Metabolic and Cardiovascular Ageing Indices in Relation to Glycated Haemoglobin in Healthy and Diabetic Subjects. Curr Aging Sci 2018; 10:201-210. [PMID: 28215180 DOI: 10.2174/1874609810666170216124039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is a natural phenomenon that has tremendous amount of control over normal physiological functions. Diabetes mellitus and ageing share common symptoms like stiffness and loss of functioning of tissues due to cross-liked proteins and free radicals. Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) is often used as a stable cumulative index of glycemic control and has shown that even in non-diabetic adults, there is a steady increase in HbA1c levels with age. Aim of the study is to evaluate the strength of association of HbA1c with metabolic and cardiovascular ageing indices in subjects between the age group of 40 to 60 yrs. METHOD A total of 220 subjects, with (n=110) and without (n=110) diabetes were assessed for the metabolic and cardiovascular ageing indices. BMI, waist hip ratio, fat percentage, Fasting blood sugar and HbA1c were assessed as metabolic ageing indices. The cardiovascular ageing indices measured were resting heart rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability. RESULTS Ageing indices were compared between subjects with and without diabetes using independent' t' test and showed that the T2DM group exhibit significant accelerated ageing as compared to that of the controls. Pearson's and partial correlation coefficient was used to assess the association of HbA1c with the ageing indices without and with controlling for chronological age, indicated that, strength of association of levels of HBA1c with cardiovascular and other metabolic indices of ageing is statistically significant. CONCLUSION The study concludes that the tightness of glycemic control has a significant impact on the biological ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Suvarna H I
- Department of Physiology, A J Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka - 575004, India
| | - Shailaja Moodithaya
- Department of Physiology, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghava Sharma
- Department of General Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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