1
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Gerdes P, Lim SM, Ewing AD, Larcombe MR, Chan D, Sanchez-Luque FJ, Walker L, Carleton AL, James C, Knaupp AS, Carreira PE, Nefzger CM, Lister R, Richardson SR, Polo JM, Faulkner GJ. Retrotransposon instability dominates the acquired mutation landscape of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7470. [PMID: 36463236 PMCID: PMC9719517 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can in principle differentiate into any cell of the body, and have revolutionized biomedical research and regenerative medicine. Unlike their human counterparts, mouse iPSCs (miPSCs) are reported to silence transposable elements and prevent transposable element-mediated mutagenesis. Here we apply short-read or Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read genome sequencing to 38 bulk miPSC lines reprogrammed from 10 parental cell types, and 18 single-cell miPSC clones. While single nucleotide variants and structural variants restricted to miPSCs are rare, we find 83 de novo transposable element insertions, including examples intronic to Brca1 and Dmd. LINE-1 retrotransposons are profoundly hypomethylated in miPSCs, beyond other transposable elements and the genome overall, and harbor alternative protein-coding gene promoters. We show that treatment with the LINE-1 inhibitor lamivudine does not hinder reprogramming and efficiently blocks endogenous retrotransposition, as detected by long-read genome sequencing. These experiments reveal the complete spectrum and potential significance of mutations acquired by miPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gerdes
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Sue Mei Lim
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Adam D. Ewing
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Michael R. Larcombe
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Dorothy Chan
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Francisco J. Sanchez-Luque
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia ,grid.418805.00000 0004 0500 8423GENYO. Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS, Granada, 18016 Spain
| | - Lucinda Walker
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Alexander L. Carleton
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Cini James
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Anja S. Knaupp
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Patricia E. Carreira
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Christian M. Nefzger
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Ryan Lister
- grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia ,grid.431595.f0000 0004 0469 0045Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Sandra R. Richardson
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Jose M. Polo
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Adelaide Centre for Epigenetics and The South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Geoffrey J. Faulkner
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102 Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
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2
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Raslan AA, Oh YJ, Jin YR, Yoon JK. R-Spondin2, a Positive Canonical WNT Signaling Regulator, Controls the Expansion and Differentiation of Distal Lung Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063089. [PMID: 35328508 PMCID: PMC8954098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs have a remarkable ability to regenerate damaged tissues caused by acute injury. Many lung diseases, especially chronic lung diseases, are associated with a reduced or disrupted regeneration potential of the lungs. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of the regenerative capacity of the lungs offers the potential to identify novel therapeutic targets for these diseases. R-spondin2, a co-activator of WNT/β-catenin signaling, plays an important role in embryonic murine lung development. However, the role of Rspo2 in adult lung homeostasis and regeneration remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine Rspo2 function in distal lung stem/progenitor cells and adult lung regeneration. In this study, we found that robust Rspo2 expression was detected in different epithelial cells, including airway club cells and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells in the adult lungs. However, Rspo2 expression significantly decreased during the first week after naphthalene-induced airway injury and was restored by day 14 post-injury. In ex vivo 3D organoid culture, recombinant RSPO2 promoted the colony formation and differentiation of both club and AT2 cells through the activation of canonical WNT signaling. In contrast, Rspo2 ablation in club and AT2 cells significantly disrupted their expansion capacity in the ex vivo 3D organoid culture. Furthermore, mice lacking Rspo2 showed significant defects in airway regeneration after naphthalene-induced injury. Our results strongly suggest that RSPO2 plays a key role in the adult lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells during homeostasis and regeneration, and therefore, it may be a potential therapeutic target for chronic lung diseases with reduced regenerative capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Raslan
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Youn Jeong Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Yong Ri Jin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA;
| | - Jeong Kyo Yoon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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3
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Chanda D, Rehan M, Smith SR, Dsouza KG, Wang Y, Bernard K, Kurundkar D, Memula V, Kojima K, Mobley JA, Benavides GA, Darley-Usmar V, Kim YIL, Zmijewski JW, Deshane JS, De Langhe S, Thannickal VJ. Mesenchymal stromal cell aging impairs the self-organizing capacity of lung alveolar epithelial stem cells. eLife 2021; 10:68049. [PMID: 34528872 PMCID: PMC8445616 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms maintain structure and function of tissues/organs through emergent, self-organizing behavior. In this report, we demonstrate a critical role for lung mesenchymal stromal cell (L-MSC) aging in determining the capacity to form three-dimensional organoids or 'alveolospheres' with type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s). In contrast to L-MSCs from aged mice, young L-MSCs support the efficient formation of alveolospheres when co-cultured with young or aged AEC2s. Aged L-MSCs demonstrated features of cellular senescence, altered bioenergetics, and a senescence-associated secretory profile (SASP). The reactive oxygen species generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), was highly activated in aged L-MSCs and Nox4 downregulation was sufficient to, at least partially, reverse this age-related energy deficit, while restoring the self-organizing capacity of alveolospheres. Together, these data indicate a critical role for cellular bioenergetics and redox homeostasis in an organoid model of self-organization and support the concept of thermodynamic entropy in aging biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Samuel R Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Kevin G Dsouza
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Karen Bernard
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Deepali Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Vinayak Memula
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States.,Department of Surgery, Birmingham, United States
| | - Kyoko Kojima
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Shared Facility, Birmingham, United States
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | | | | | - Young-iL Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Jaroslaw W Zmijewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Jessy S Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Stijn De Langhe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, United States
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
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4
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Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Herold S. From Clones to Buds and Branches: The Use of Lung Organoids to Model Branching Morphogenesis Ex Vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631579. [PMID: 33748115 PMCID: PMC7969706 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) organoid culture systems have rapidly emerged as powerful tools to study organ development and disease. The lung is a complex and highly specialized organ that comprises more than 40 cell types that offer several region-specific roles. During organogenesis, the lung goes through sequential and morphologically distinctive stages to assume its mature form, both structurally and functionally. As branching takes place, multipotent epithelial progenitors at the distal tips of the growing/bifurcating epithelial tubes progressively become lineage-restricted, giving rise to more differentiated and specialized cell types. Although many cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to branching morphogenesis have been explored, deeper understanding of biological processes governing cell-fate decisions and lung patterning is still needed. Given that these distinct processes cannot be easily analyzed in vivo, 3D culture systems have become a valuable platform to study organogenesis in vitro. This minireview focuses on the current lung organoid systems that recapitulate developmental events occurring before and during branching morphogenesis. In addition, we also discuss their limitations and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany
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5
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Dorry SJ, Ansbro BO, Ornitz DM, Mutlu GM, Guzy RD. FGFR2 Is Required for AEC2 Homeostasis and Survival after Bleomycin-induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:608-621. [PMID: 31860803 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0079oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury is central to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Epithelial FGF (fibroblast growth factor) signaling is essential for recovery from hyperoxia- and influenza-induced lung injury, and treatment with FGFs is protective in experimental lung injury. The cell types involved in the protective effect of FGFs are not known. We hypothesized that FGF signaling in type II AECs (AEC2s) is critical in bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice with tamoxifen-inducible deletion of FGFR1-3 (fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3) in surfactant protein C-positive (SPC+) AEC2s (SPC triple conditional knockout [SPC-TCKO]). In the absence of injury, SPC-TCKO mice had fewer AEC2s, decreased Sftpc (surfactant protein C gene) expression, increased alveolar diameter, and increased collagen deposition. After intratracheal bleomycin administration, SPC-TCKO mice had increased mortality, lung edema, and BAL total protein, and flow cytometry and immunofluorescence revealed a loss of AEC2s. To reduce mortality of SPC-TCKO mice to less than 50%, a 25-fold dose reduction of bleomycin was required. Surviving bleomycin-injured SPC-TCKO mice had increased collagen deposition, fibrosis, and ACTA2 expression and decreased epithelial gene expression. Inducible inactivation of individual Fgfr2 or Fgfr3 revealed that Fgfr2, but not Fgfr3, was responsible for the increased mortality and lung injury after bleomycin administration. In conclusion, AEC2-specific FGFR2 is critical for survival in response to bleomycin-induced lung injury. These data also suggest that a population of SPC+ AEC2s require FGFR2 signaling for maintenance in the adult lung. Preventing epithelial FGFR inhibition and/or activating FGFRs in alveolar epithelium may therefore represent a novel approach to treating lung injury and reducing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Dorry
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Brandon O Ansbro
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Robert D Guzy
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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6
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Benhammadi M, Mathé J, Dumont-Lagacé M, Kobayashi KS, Gaboury L, Brochu S, Perreault C. IFN-λ Enhances Constitutive Expression of MHC Class I Molecules on Thymic Epithelial Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1268-1280. [PMID: 32690660 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of MHC class I (MHC I) expression has been studied almost exclusively in hematolymphoid cells. We report that thymic epithelial cells (TECs), particularly the medullary TECs, constitutively express up to 100-fold more cell surface MHC I proteins than epithelial cells (ECs) from the skin, colon, and lung. Differential abundance of cell surface MHC I in primary ECs is regulated via transcription of MHC I and of genes implicated in the generation of MHC I-binding peptides. Superior MHC I expression in TECs is unaffected by deletion of Ifnar1 or Ifngr1, but is lessened by deletion of Aire, Ifnlr1, Stat1, or Nlrc5, and is driven mainly by type III IFN produced by medullary TECs. Ifnlr1 -/- mice show impaired negative selection of CD8 thymocytes and, at 9 mo of age, present autoimmune manifestations. Our study shows unanticipated variation in MHC I expression by ECs from various sites and provides compelling evidence that superior expression of MHC I in TECs is crucial for proper thymocyte education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Benhammadi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Justine Mathé
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Maude Dumont-Lagacé
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Koichi S Kobayashi
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843.,Department of Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan; and
| | - Louis Gaboury
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sylvie Brochu
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; .,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Claude Perreault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; .,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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7
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Oherle K, Acker E, Bonfield M, Wang T, Gray J, Lang I, Bridges J, Lewkowich I, Xu Y, Ahlfeld S, Zacharias W, Alenghat T, Deshmukh H. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Supports a Pulmonary Niche that Promotes Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell Development in Newborn Lungs. Immunity 2020; 52:275-294.e9. [PMID: 32075728 PMCID: PMC7382307 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are critical for lung defense against bacterial pneumonia in the neonatal period, but the signals that guide pulmonary ILC3 development remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that pulmonary ILC3s descended from ILC precursors that populated a niche defined by fibroblasts in the developing lung. Alveolar fibroblasts produced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), which instructed expansion and maturation of pulmonary ILC precursors. Conditional ablation of IGF1 in alveolar fibroblasts or deletion of the IGF-1 receptor from ILC precursors interrupted ILC3 biogenesis and rendered newborn mice susceptible to pneumonia. Premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, characterized by interrupted postnatal alveolar development and increased morbidity to respiratory infections, had reduced IGF1 concentrations and pulmonary ILC3 numbers. These findings indicate that the newborn period is a critical window in pulmonary immunity development, and disrupted lung development in prematurely born infants may have enduring effects on host resistance to respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Oherle
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Elizabeth Acker
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Madeline Bonfield
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Timothy Wang
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jerilyn Gray
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Ian Lang
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - James Bridges
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ian Lewkowich
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shawn Ahlfeld
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - William Zacharias
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Theresa Alenghat
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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8
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Phenotypic Analysis of BrdU Label-Retaining Cells during the Maturation of Conducting Airway Epithelium in a Porcine Lung. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7043890. [PMID: 30936924 PMCID: PMC6415319 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7043890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem/progenitor cells have recently been demonstrated to play key roles in the maturation, injury repair, and regeneration of distinct organs or tissues. Porcine has spurred an increased interest in biomedical research models and xenotransplantation, owing to most of its organs share similarities in physiology, cellular composition and size to humans. Therefore, characterization of stem/progenitor cells in porcine organs or tissues may provide a novel avenue to better understand the biology and function of stem cells in humans. In the present study, potential stem/progenitor cells in conducting airway epithelium of a porcine lung were characterized by morphometric analysis of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) label-retaining cells (LRCs) during the maturation of the lung. The results showed a pseudostratified mucociliary epithelium comprised of basal, ciliated, goblet, and columnar cells in the conducting airway of a porcine lung. In addition, the majority of primary epithelial cells able to proliferate in vitro expressed keratin 5, a subpopulation of these keratin 5-positive cells, also expressed CD117 (c-Kit) or CD49f (integrin alpha 6, ITGA6), implying that they might be potential epithelial stem/progenitor cells in conducting airway of a porcine lung. Lineage tracing analysis with a BrdU-labeled neonatal piglet showed that the proportion of BrdU-labeled cells in conducting airways decreased over the 90-day period of lung maturation. The BrdU-labeled epithelial cells also expressed keratin 14, mucin 5AC, or prosurfactant protein C (ProSP-C); among them, the keratin 14-positive cells were the most frequent BrdU-labeled epithelial cell type as determined by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. This study may provide valuable information on the biology and function of epithelial stem/progenitor cells in conducting airway of pigs and humans.
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9
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Milman Krentsis I, Rosen C, Shezen E, Aronovich A, Nathanson B, Bachar-Lustig E, Berkman N, Assayag M, Shakhar G, Feferman T, Orgad R, Reisner Y. Lung Injury Repair by Transplantation of Adult Lung Cells Following Preconditioning of Recipient Mice. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 7:68-77. [PMID: 29266820 PMCID: PMC5746155 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair of injured lungs represents a longstanding therapeutic challenge. We recently demonstrated that human and mouse embryonic lung tissue from the canalicular stage of development are enriched with lung progenitors, and that a single cell suspension of canalicular lungs can be used for transplantation, provided that lung progenitor niches in the recipient mice are vacated by strategies similar to those used in bone marrow transplantation. Considering the ethical limitations associated with the use of fetal cells, we investigated here whether adult lungs could offer an alternative source of lung progenitors for transplantation. We show that intravenous infusion of a single cell suspension of adult mouse lungs from GFP+ donors, following conditioning of recipient mice with naphthalene and subsequent sublethal irradiation, led to marked colonization of the recipient lungs, at 6-8 weeks post-transplant, with donor derived structures including epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal cells. Epithelial cells within these donor-derived colonies expressed markers of functionally distinct lung cell types, and lung function, which is significantly compromised in mice treated with naphthalene and radiation, was found to be corrected following transplantation. Dose response analysis suggests that the frequency of patch forming cells in adult lungs was about threefold lower compared to that found in E16 fetal lungs. However, as adult lungs are much larger, the total number of patch forming cells that can be collected from this source is significantly greater. Our study provides proof of concept for lung regeneration by adult lung cells after preconditioning to vacate the pulmonary niche. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:68-77.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chava Rosen
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elias Shezen
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Aronovich
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bar Nathanson
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Neville Berkman
- Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Miri Assayag
- Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Guy Shakhar
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Feferman
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ran Orgad
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yair Reisner
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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10
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Collins JJP, Möbius MA, Thébaud B. Isolation of CD146+ Resident Lung Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Rat Lungs. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27340891 DOI: 10.3791/53782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases. Besides the use of bone marrow and umbilical cord MSCs for exogenous cell therapy, there is also increasing interest in the repair and regenerative potential of resident tissue MSCs. Moreover, they likely have a role in normal organ development, and have been attributed roles in disease, particularly those with a fibrotic nature. The main hurdle for the study of these resident tissue MSCs is the lack of a clear marker for the isolation and identification of these cells. The isolation technique described here applies multiple characteristics of lung resident MSCs (L-MSCs). Upon sacrifice of the rats, lungs are removed and rinsed multiple times to remove blood. Following mechanical dissociation by scalpel, the lungs are digested for 2-3 hr using a mix of collagenase type I, neutral protease and DNase type I. The obtained single cell suspension is subsequently washed and layered over density gradient medium (density 1.073 g/ml). After centrifugation, cells from the interphase are washed and plated in culture-treated flasks. Cells are cultured for 4-7 days in physiological 5% O2, 5% CO2 conditions. To deplete fibroblasts (CD146(-)) and to ensure a population of only L-MSCs (CD146(+)), positive selection for CD146(+) cells is performed through magnetic bead selection. In summary, this procedure reliably produces a population of primary L-MSCs for further in vitro study and manipulation. Because of the nature of the protocol, it can easily be translated to other experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J P Collins
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa;
| | - Marius A Möbius
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; DFG Research Center and Cluster of Excellence for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität, Dresden
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute
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11
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Quantius J, Schmoldt C, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Becker C, El Agha E, Wilhelm J, Morty RE, Vadász I, Mayer K, Gattenloehner S, Fink L, Matrosovich M, Li X, Seeger W, Lohmeyer J, Bellusci S, Herold S. Influenza Virus Infects Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells of the Distal Lung: Impact on Fgfr2b-Driven Epithelial Repair. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005544. [PMID: 27322618 PMCID: PMC4913929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza Virus (IV) pneumonia is associated with severe damage of the lung epithelium and respiratory failure. Apart from efficient host defense, structural repair of the injured epithelium is crucial for survival of severe pneumonia. The molecular mechanisms underlying stem/progenitor cell mediated regenerative responses are not well characterized. In particular, the impact of IV infection on lung stem cells and their regenerative responses remains elusive. Our study demonstrates that a highly pathogenic IV infects various cell populations in the murine lung, but displays a strong tropism to an epithelial cell subset with high proliferative capacity, defined by the signature EpCamhighCD24lowintegrin(α6)high. This cell fraction expressed the stem cell antigen-1, highly enriched lung stem/progenitor cells previously characterized by the signature integrin(β4)+CD200+, and upregulated the p63/krt5 regeneration program after IV-induced injury. Using 3-dimensional organoid cultures derived from these epithelial stem/progenitor cells (EpiSPC), and in vivo infection models including transgenic mice, we reveal that their expansion, barrier renewal and outcome after IV-induced injury critically depended on Fgfr2b signaling. Importantly, IV infected EpiSPC exhibited severely impaired renewal capacity due to IV-induced blockade of β-catenin-dependent Fgfr2b signaling, evidenced by loss of alveolar tissue repair capacity after intrapulmonary EpiSPC transplantation in vivo. Intratracheal application of exogenous Fgf10, however, resulted in increased engagement of non-infected EpiSPC for tissue regeneration, demonstrated by improved proliferative potential, restoration of alveolar barrier function and increased survival following IV pneumonia. Together, these data suggest that tropism of IV to distal lung stem cell niches represents an important factor of pathogenicity and highlight impaired Fgfr2b signaling as underlying mechanism. Furthermore, increase of alveolar Fgf10 levels may represent a putative therapy to overcome regeneration failure after IV-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Quantius
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Carole Schmoldt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ana I. Vazquez-Armendariz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christin Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E. Morty
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - István Vadász
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Ludger Fink
- Institute of Pathology and Cytology, Wetzlar, Germany, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Juergen Lohmeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- College of life and Environmental sciences and College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou University town, Zhejiang, China
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
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12
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Zdanov S, Mandapathil M, Abu Eid R, Adamson-Fadeyi S, Wilson W, Qian J, Carnie A, Tarasova N, Mkrtichyan M, Berzofsky JA, Whiteside TL, Khleif SN. Mutant KRAS Conversion of Conventional T Cells into Regulatory T Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:354-65. [PMID: 26880715 PMCID: PMC4884020 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-15-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the KRAS oncogene in human malignancies is associated with aggressive tumor growth and poor prognosis. Similar to other oncogenes, KRAS acts in a cell-intrinsic manner to affect tumor growth or survival. However, we describe here a different, cell-extrinsic mechanism through which mutant KRAS contributes to tumor development. Tumor cells carrying mutated KRAS induced highly suppressive T cells, and silencing KRAS reversed this effect. Overexpression of the mutant KRAS(G12V)gene in wild-type KRAS tumor cells led to regulatory T-cell (Treg) induction. We also demonstrate that mutant KRAS induces the secretion of IL10 and transforming growth factor-β1 (both required for Treg induction) by tumor cells through the activation of the MEK-ERK-AP1 pathway. Finally, we report that inhibition of KRAS reduces the infiltration of Tregs in KRAS-driven lung tumorigenesis even before tumor formation. This cell-extrinsic mechanism allows tumor cells harboring a mutant KRAS oncogene to escape immune recognition. Thus, an oncogene can promote tumor progression independent of its transforming activity by increasing the number and function of Tregs. This has a significant clinical potential, in which targeting KRAS and its downstream signaling pathways could be used as powerful immune modulators in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zdanov
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Magis Mandapathil
- Department of Pathology, IMPCL, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI), Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
| | - Rasha Abu Eid
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University (previously Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia
| | - Saudat Adamson-Fadeyi
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Willie Wilson
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jiahua Qian
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrea Carnie
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nadya Tarasova
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Mikayel Mkrtichyan
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University (previously Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, IMPCL, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI), Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
| | - Samir N Khleif
- Cancer Vaccine Section, Vaccine Branch, NCI, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University (previously Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia.
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13
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Holik AZ, Filby CE, Pasquet J, Viitaniemi K, Ciciulla J, Sutherland KD, Asselin-Labat ML. The LIM-domain only protein 4 contributes to lung epithelial cell proliferation but is not essential for tumor progression. Respir Res 2015; 16:67. [PMID: 26048572 PMCID: PMC4475329 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lung is constantly exposed to environmental challenges and must rapidly respond to external insults. Mechanisms involved in the repair of the damaged lung involve expansion of different epithelial cells to repopulate the injured cellular compartment. However, factors regulating cell proliferation following lung injury remain poorly understood. Here we studied the role of the transcriptional regulator Lmo4 during lung development, in the regulation of adult lung epithelial cell proliferation following lung damage and in the context of oncogenic transformation. METHODS To study the role of Lmo4 in embryonic lung development, lung repair and tumorigenesis, we used conditional knock-out mice to delete Lmo4 in lung epithelial cells from the first stages of lung development. The role of Lmo4 in lung repair was evaluated using two experimental models of lung damage involving chemical and viral injury. The role of Lmo4 in lung tumorigenesis was measured using a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma in which the oncogenic K-Ras protein has been knocked into the K-Ras locus. Overall survival difference between genotypes was tested by log rank test. Difference between means was tested using one-way ANOVA after assuring that assumptions of normality and equality of variance were satisfied. RESULTS We found that Lmo4 was not required for normal embryonic lung morphogenesis. In the adult lung, loss of Lmo4 reduced epithelial cell proliferation and delayed repair of the lung following naphthalene or flu-mediated injury, suggesting that Lmo4 participates in the regulation of epithelial cell expansion in response to cellular damage. In the context of K-Ras(G12D)-driven lung tumor formation, Lmo4 loss did not alter overall survival but delayed initiation of lung hyperplasia in K-Ras(G12D) mice sensitized by naphthalene injury. Finally, we evaluated the expression of LMO4 in tissue microarrays of early stage non-small cell lung cancer and observed that LMO4 is more highly expressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma compared to adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Together these results show that the transcriptional regulator Lmo4 participates in the regulation of lung epithelial cell proliferation in the context of injury and oncogenic transformation but that Lmo4 depletion is not sufficient to prevent lung repair or tumour formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksei Z Holik
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Caitlin E Filby
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Julie Pasquet
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Kati Viitaniemi
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | | | - Kate D Sutherland
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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14
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Wu X, Mimms R, Banigan M, Lee M, Elkis V, Peters-Hall JR, Mubeen H, Joselow A, Peña MT, Rose MC. Development of glandular models from human nasal progenitor cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:535-42. [PMID: 25412193 PMCID: PMC4491133 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0259ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperplasia/hypertrophy of submucosal glands contributes to mucus overproduction in chronic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, especially in adult and pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Mechanisms that lead to glandular hyperplasia/hypertrophy are markedly understudied, reflecting a lack of in vitro model systems wherein airway epithelial progenitor cells differentiate into glandular cells. In this study, we developed and compared several in vitro three-dimensional systems using human nasal epithelial basal cells (HNEBCs) cultured by different methods on two types of extracellular matrices. We demonstrate that HNEBCs cultured on Matrigel (Corning, Tewksbury, MA) form glandular acini-like structures, whereas HNEBCs embedded in a collagen type I matrix form a network of tubules. Fibroblast-conditioned medium increases tubule formation in collagen type I. In contrast, HNEBCs cocultured with fibroblasts self-aggregate into organotypic structures with tubules and acini. These observations provide morphological evidence that HNEBCs are pluripotent and retain the capacity to differentiate into structures resembling specific structural components of submucosal glands depending on the extracellular matrices and culture conditions. The resultant models should prove useful in targeting cross-talk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts to decipher molecular mechanisms and specific signals responsible for the development of glandular hyperplasia/hypertrophy, which in turn may lead to new therapeutic strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis and other inflammatory respiratory diseases characterized by glandular hyperplasia/hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wu
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research and
- Departments of Integrative Systems Biology
- Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C
| | - Remy Mimms
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria T. Peña
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research and
- Division of Otolaryngology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C.; and
- Otolaryngology, and
- Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C
| | - Mary C. Rose
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research and
- Departments of Integrative Systems Biology
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine
- Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C
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15
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Chernaya O, Shinin V, Liu Y, Minshall RD. Behavioral heterogeneity of adult mouse lung epithelial progenitor cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2744-57. [PMID: 24950291 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence and identity of multipotent stem cells in the adult lung is currently highly debated. At present, it remains unclear whether candidate stem/progenitor cells are located in the airways, alveoli, or throughout the epithelial lining of the lung. Here, we introduce a method of airway microdissection, which enabled us to study the progenitor behavior of pulmonary epithelial cells in region-specific contexts. The progenitor characteristics of epithelial cells isolated from the trachea, proximal and distal airways, and lung parenchyme were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. We identified a population of airway-derived basal-like epithelial cells with the potential to self-renew and differentiate into airway and alveolar lineages in culture and in vivo after subcutaneous transplantation. The multipotent candidate progenitors originated from a minor fraction of the airway epithelial cell population characterized by high expression of α6 integrin. Results of the current study provide new insights into the regenerative potential of region-specific integrin α6-positive pulmonary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Chernaya
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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16
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Stem cells, cell therapies, and bioengineering in lung biology and diseases. Comprehensive review of the recent literature 2010-2012. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 10:S45-97. [PMID: 23869446 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201304-090aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A conference, "Stem Cells and Cell Therapies in Lung Biology and Lung Diseases," was held July 25 to 28, 2011 at the University of Vermont to review the current understanding of the role of stem and progenitor cells in lung repair after injury and to review the current status of cell therapy and ex vivo bioengineering approaches for lung diseases. These are rapidly expanding areas of study that provide further insight into and challenge traditional views of mechanisms of lung repair after injury and pathogenesis of several lung diseases. The goals of the conference were to summarize the current state of the field, to discuss and debate current controversies, and to identify future research directions and opportunities for basic and translational research in cell-based therapies for lung diseases. The goal of this article, which accompanies the formal conference report, is to provide a comprehensive review of the published literature in lung regenerative medicine from the last conference report through December 2012.
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17
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Yang J, Jia Z. Cell-based therapy in lung regenerative medicine. Regen Med Res 2014; 2:7. [PMID: 25984335 PMCID: PMC4389643 DOI: 10.1186/2050-490x-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases are becoming a leading cause of death worldwide. There are few effective treatments for those patients and less choices to prevent the exacerbation or even reverse the progress of the diseases. Over the past decade, cell-based therapies using stem cells to regenerate lung tissue have experienced a rapid growth in a variety of animal models for distinct lung diseases. This novel approach offers great promise for the treatment of several devastating and incurable lung diseases, including emphysema, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. In this review, we provide a concise summary of the current knowledge on the attributes of endogenous lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells (EpiSPCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in both animal models and translational studies. We also describe the promise and challenges of tissue bioengineering in lung regenerative medicine. The therapeutic potential of MSCs is further discussed in IPF and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibing Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA
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18
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Hynds RE, Giangreco A. Concise review: the relevance of human stem cell-derived organoid models for epithelial translational medicine. Stem Cells 2014. [PMID: 23203919 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial organ remodeling is a major contributing factor to worldwide death and disease, costing healthcare systems billions of dollars every year. Despite this, most fundamental epithelial organ research fails to produce new therapies and mortality rates for epithelial organ diseases remain unacceptably high. In large part, this failure in translating basic epithelial research into clinical therapy is due to a lack of relevance in existing preclinical models. To correct this, new models are required that improve preclinical target identification, pharmacological lead validation, and compound optimization. In this review, we discuss the relevance of human stem cell-derived, three-dimensional organoid models for addressing each of these challenges. We highlight the advantages of stem cell-derived organoid models over existing culture systems, discuss recent advances in epithelial tissue-specific organoids, and present a paradigm for using organoid models in human translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Hynds
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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19
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Van der Velden JL, Bertoncello I, McQualter JL. LysoTracker is a marker of differentiated alveolar type II cells. Respir Res 2013; 14:123. [PMID: 24215602 PMCID: PMC3840660 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background LysoTracker Green DND-26 is a fluorescent dye that stains acidic compartments in live cells and has been shown to selectively accumulate in lamellar bodies in alveolar type II (AT2) cells in the lung. The aim of this study was to determine whether the accumulation of LysoTracker in lamellar bodies can be used to isolate viable AT2 cells by flow cytometry and track their differentiation in live-cell culture by microscopy. Methods Mouse lung cells were sorted on the basis of CD45negCD31negEpCAMposLysoTrackerpos expression and characterized by immunostaining for SP-C and cultured in a three-dimensional epithelial colony-forming unit (CFU-Epi) assay. To track AT2 cell differentiation, lung epithelial stem and progenitor cells were cultured in a CFU-Epi assay with LysoTracker-supplemented media. Results The purity of sorted AT2 cells as determined by SP-C staining was 97.4% and viability was 85.3%. LysoTrackerpos AT2 cells generated SP-Cpos alveolar epithelial cell colonies in culture, and when added to the CFU-Epi culture medium, LysoTracker marked the differentiation of stem/progenitor-derived AT2 cells. Conclusions This study describes a novel method for isolating AT2 cells from mouse lungs. The high purity and viability of cells attained by this method, makes them suitable for functional analysis in vitro. The application of LysoTracker to live cell cultures will allow better assessment of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate AT2 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan L McQualter
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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