1
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Tran P, Wang Y, Dzikovski B, Lahm ME, Xie Y, Wei P, Klepov VV, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. A Stable Aluminum Tris(dithiolene) Triradical. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16340-16347. [PMID: 38820231 PMCID: PMC11177253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
A stable aluminum tris(dithiolene) triradical (3) was experimentally realized through a low-temperature reaction of the sterically demanding lithium dithiolene radical (2) with aluminum iodide. Compound 3 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and theoretical computations. The quartet ground state of triradical 3 has been unambiguously confirmed by variable-temperature continuous wave EPR experiments and SQUID magnetometry. Both SQUID magnetometry and broken-symmetry DFT computations reveal a small doublet-quartet energy gap [ΔEDQ = 0.18 kcal mol-1 (SQUID); ΔEDQ = 0.14 kcal mol-1 (DFT)]. The pulsed EPR experiment (electron spin echo envelop modulation) provides further evidence for the interaction of these dithiolene-based radicals with the central aluminum nucleus of 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong
M. Tran
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Boris Dzikovski
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ACERT, National Biomedical
Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Mitchell E. Lahm
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Vladislav V. Klepov
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department
of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
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2
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Macleod CI, Keramidas OD, Miras HN, Sproules S. Electronic and Molecular Structures of a Series of Nickel Bis-1,1-Dithiolates. Chemistry 2024:e202401710. [PMID: 38845405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A series of homoleptic Ni bis-1,1-dithiolates, [Ni(S2C2RR')2]2- (R=CN, R'=CN, CO2Et, CONH2, Ph, Ph-4-Cl, Ph-4-OMe, Ph-4-NO2, Ph-3-CF3, Ph-4-CF3, Ph-4-CN; R=NO2, R'=H; R=R'=CO2Et) have been synthesized from the reaction of the alkali metal salt of the ligand and nickel chloride, and isolated as tetraphenylphosphonium or tetrabutylammonium salts. The complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electronic absorption spectroscopies. The molecular structures show a rigidly square planar Ni(II) center linking two four-membered chelate rings whose dimensions are constant across the series. The electronic effect of the ligand substituent is revealed in the 13C NMR and electronic spectra, and corroborated by density functional calculations. Electron withdrawing groups deshield the low-field CS2 resonance, and the signature charge transfer band in the visible region is red-shifted. These observables have been accurately reproduced computationally, and revealed the Ni contribution to the ground state diminishes with decreasing electron withdrawing capacity of the ligand substituent. In contrast to 1,2-dithiolates, the redox inactivity afforded by 1,1-dithiolates stems from the smaller chelate ring and substantially reduced sulfur content that is key to stabilizing the radical form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailean I Macleod
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haralampos N Miras
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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3
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Guan J, Guo Z, Li X, Tang H. Theoretical Understanding of Reactions of Rhenium and Ruthenium Tris(thiolate) Complexes with Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Noninnocent Nature of the Ligand, Mechanism, and Origin of Differential Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2548-2560. [PMID: 36719396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In retrospect to the complexity induced by the noninnocent ligands in identifying the transition metal's oxidation state and correlating the ligand's noninnocence with reactivity, the reactions of alkene/alkyne addition to rhenium/ruthenium tris(thiolate) complexes are particularly good cases for shedding light on the chemistry of the dppbt ligand, including its noninnocent nature, ligand-centered mechanism, and origin of differential reactivity. Density functional theory (DFT) combined with the high-level ab initio calculations performed herein demonstrates that, upon alkene/alkyne addition, the orbital symmetry properly regulates the reaction to form ligand-centered cis-interligand dithioethers as the most favorable pathway. The neutral and cationic Re and Ru dithioethers are revealed via DFT calculations to be in a low-spin ground state; on the contrary, high-level ab initio methods confirm that the dicationic Re-dithioethers exhibit obvious multireference character with antiferromagnetic coupling between Re-dyz and S1-py. The metal-stabilized thiyl radicals play a pivotal role in delivering the reactivity of [RuL3]+ and [ReL3]+/2+ toward alkene/alkyne rather than [ReL3], where [RuL3]+ and [ReL3]+/2+ present significant radical characters on ligand S2, yet neutral [ReL3] has little such feature, from which differential reactivity arises. Faster styrene addition to Ru tris(thiolate) in contrast to Re tris(thiolate) has been properly interpreted using DFT calculations with major products assigned. The deeper understanding gained in this work would illuminate further experimental exploration in adding alkene/alkyne to other metal-stabilized thiyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zeyi Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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4
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Dong Z, Sienkiewicz A, Suleymanov AA, Berton C, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Severin K. A Mesoionic Diselenolene Anion and the Corresponding Radical Dianion. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200893. [PMID: 35388932 PMCID: PMC9322424 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dichalcogenolenes are archetypal redox non‐innocent ligands with numerous applications. Herein, a diselenolene ligand with fundamentally different electronic properties is described. A mesoionic diselenolene was prepared by selenation of a C2‐protected imidazolium salt. This ligand is diamagnetic, which is in contrast to the paramagnetic nature of standard dichalcogenolene monoanions. The new ligand is also redox‐active, as demonstrated by isolation of a stable diselenolene radical dianion. The unique electronic properties of the new ligand give rise to unusual coordination chemistry. Thus, preparation of a hexacoordinate aluminum tris(diselenolene) complex and a Lewis acidic aluminate complex with two ligand‐centered unpaired electrons was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Dong
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Andrzej Sienkiewicz
- Institute of Physics École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- ADSresonances Sàrl Route de Genève 60B 1028 Préverenges Switzerland
| | - Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cesare Berton
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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5
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Ebeler F, Vishnevskiy YV, Neumann B, Stammler H, Ghadwal RS. Mesoionic Dithiolates (MIDts) Derived from 1,3-Imidazole-Based Anionic Dicarbenes (ADCs). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200739. [PMID: 35363912 PMCID: PMC9323478 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesoionic dithiolates [(MIDtAr )Li(LiBr)2 (THF)3 ] (MIDtAr ={SC(NDipp)}2 CAr; Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ; Ar=Ph 3 a, 3-MeC6 H4 (3-Tol) 3 b, 4-Me2 NC6 H4 (DMP) 3 c) and [(MIDtPh )Li(THF)2 ] (4) are readily accessible (in≥90 % yields) as crystalline solids on treatments of anionic dicarbenes Li(ADCAr ) (2 a-c) (ADCAr ={C(NDipp)2 }2 CAr) with elemental sulfur. 3 a-c and 4 are monoanionic ditopic ligands with both the sulfur atoms formally negatively charged, while the 1,3-imidazole unit bears a formal positive charge. Treatment of 4 with (L)GeCl2 (L=1,4-dioxane) affords the germylene (MIDtPh )GeCl (5) featuring a three-coordinated Ge atom. 5 reacts with (L)GeCl2 to give the Ge-Ge catenation product (MIDtPh )GeGeCl3 (6). KC8 reduction of 5 yields the homoleptic germylene (MIDtPh )2 Ge (7). Compounds 3 a-c and 4-7 have been characterized by spectroscopic studies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The electronic structures of 4-7 have been analyzed by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Ebeler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisInorganic and Structural ChemistryCenter for Molecular MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Yury V. Vishnevskiy
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisInorganic and Structural ChemistryCenter for Molecular MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisInorganic and Structural ChemistryCenter for Molecular MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisInorganic and Structural ChemistryCenter for Molecular MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisInorganic and Structural ChemistryCenter for Molecular MaterialsFaculty of ChemistryUniversität BielefeldUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
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6
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Wang Y, Tran PM, Xie Y, Wei P, Glushka JN, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Carbene‐Stabilized Dithiolene (L
0
) Zwitterions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Phuong M. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - John N. Glushka
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
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7
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Wang Y, Tran PM, Xie Y, Wei P, Glushka JN, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Carbene-Stabilized Dithiolene (L 0 ) Zwitterions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22706-22710. [PMID: 34314562 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of reactions between Lewis bases and an imidazole-based dithione dimer (1) has been investigated. Both cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) (2) and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) (4), in addition to N-heterocyclic silylene (NHSi) (6), demonstrate the capability to cleave the sulphur-sulphur bonds in 1, giving carbene-stabilized dithiolene (L0 ) zwitterions (3 and 5) and a spirocyclic silicon-dithiolene compound (7), respectively. The bonding nature of 3, 5, and 7 are probed by both experimental and theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Phuong M Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - John N Glushka
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Gregory H Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
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8
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Luedecke KM, Wang Y, Tran PM, Threlkeld HL, Wei P, Xie Y, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. C5 Metalation of Imidazole-Based Monothiolates en Route to Selenothiolates. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin M. Luedecke
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Phuong M. Tran
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Holli L. Threlkeld
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center of Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
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9
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Wang Y, Tope CA, Xie Y, Wei P, Urbauer JL, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Carbene-Stabilized Disilicon as a Silicon-Transfer Agent: Synthesis of a Dianionic Silicon Tris(dithiolene) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8864-8867. [PMID: 32154633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of carbene-stabilized disilicon (1) with the lithium-based dithiolene radical (2. ) affords the first dianionic silicon tris(dithiolene) complex (3). Notably, the formation of 3 represents the unprecedented utilization of carbene-stabilized disilicon (1) as a silicon-transfer agent. The nature of 3 was probed by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Cynthia A Tope
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Urbauer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Gregory H Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
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10
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Pintus A, Ambrosio L, Aragoni MC, Binda M, Coles SJ, Hursthouse MB, Isaia F, Lippolis V, Meloni G, Natali D, Orton JB, Podda E, Sampietro M, Arca M. Photoconducting Devices with Response in the Visible-Near-Infrared Region Based on Neutral Ni Complexes of Aryl-1,2-dithiolene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6410-6421. [PMID: 32302124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Metal bis(1,2-dithiolene) complexes belonging to the class [Ni(Ar-edt)2]x- [Ar-edt2- = arylethylene-1,2-dithiolate; Ar = phenyl, (1x-), 2-naphthyl (2x-); x = 0 and 1] were fully characterized by NMR, UV-visible-near-infrared (UV-vis-NIR), diffuse reflectance, and FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as cyclic voltammetry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. These complexes have emerged as new photoconducting materials that allowed for the development of a prototype of photodetectors with response in the vis-NIR region. The photodetecting devices showed in some cases quantum efficiencies orders of magnitude higher than those of previously reported 1,2-dithiolene systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pintus
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Lucia Ambrosio
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - M Carla Aragoni
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Maddalena Binda
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Hursthouse
- UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Isaia
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Giammarco Meloni
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Dario Natali
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy.,Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - James B Orton
- UK National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Podda
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Marco Sampietro
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy.,Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
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11
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Wang Y, Tope CA, Xie Y, Wei P, Urbauer JL, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Carbene‐Stabilized Disilicon as a Silicon‐Transfer Agent: Synthesis of a Dianionic Silicon Tris(dithiolene) Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Cynthia A. Tope
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Urbauer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
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12
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Credendino L, Sproules S. Modulating Iron Spin States with Radical Ligands: A Density Functional Theoretical Study. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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13
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Tang H, Brothers EN, Grapperhaus CA, Hall MB. Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Oxidation with Rhenium Tris(thiolate) Complexes: A Competition between Rhenium and Sulfur for Electrons and Protons. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845, United States
| | | | - Craig A. Grapperhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, 2320 South Brook Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845, United States
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14
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Wang Y, Xie Y, Wei P, Blair SA, Cui D, Johnson MK, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Stable Boron Dithiolene Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7865-7868. [PMID: 29756257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Whereas low-temperature (-78 °C) reaction of the lithium dithiolene radical 1. with boron bromide gives the dibromoboron dithiolene radical 2. , the parallel reaction of 1. with (C6 H11 )2 BCl (0 °C) affords the dicyclohexylboron dithiolene radical 3. . Radicals 2. and 3. were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV/Vis, and EPR spectroscopy. The nature of these radicals was also probed computationally. Under mild conditions, 3. undergoes unexpected thiourea-mediated B-C bond activation to give zwitterion 4, which may be regarded as an anionic dithiolene-modified carbene complex of the sulfenyl cation RS+ (R=cyclohexyl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Soshawn A Blair
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Dongtao Cui
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Michael K Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
| | - Gregory H Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2556, USA
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15
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Wang Y, Xie Y, Wei P, Blair SA, Cui D, Johnson MK, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. Stable Boron Dithiolene Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Soshawn A. Blair
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Dongtao Cui
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Michael K. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
| | - Gregory H. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2556 USA
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16
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Cioncoloni G, Sproules S, Wilson C, Symes MD. Unprecedented Inequivalent Metal Coordination Environments in a Mixed-Ligand Dicobalt Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Cioncoloni
- WestCHEM; School of Chemistry; University of Glasgow; University Avenue G12 8QQ Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM; School of Chemistry; University of Glasgow; University Avenue G12 8QQ Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - Claire Wilson
- WestCHEM; School of Chemistry; University of Glasgow; University Avenue G12 8QQ Glasgow United Kingdom
| | - Mark D. Symes
- WestCHEM; School of Chemistry; University of Glasgow; University Avenue G12 8QQ Glasgow United Kingdom
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17
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Obanda A, Martinez K, Schmehl RH, Mague JT, Rubtsov IV, MacMillan SN, Lancaster KM, Sproules S, Donahue JP. Expanding the Scope of Ligand Substitution from [M(S 2C 2Ph 2] (M = Ni 2+, Pd 2+, Pt 2+) To Afford New Heteroleptic Dithiolene Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10257-10267. [PMID: 28820242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The scope of direct substitution of the dithiolene ligand from [M(S2C2Ph2)2] [M = Ni2+ (1), Pd2+ (2), Pt2+ (3)] to produce heteroleptic species [M(S2C2Ph2)2Ln] (n = 1, 2) has been broadened to include isonitriles and dithiooxamides in addition to phosphines and diimines. Collective observations regarding ligands that cleanly produce [M(S2C2Ph2)Ln], do not react at all, or lead to ill-defined decomposition identify soft σ donors as the ligand type capable of dithiolene substitution. Substitution of MeNC from [Ni(S2C2Ph2)(CNMe)2] by L provides access to a variety of heteroleptic dithiolene complexes not accessible from 1. Substitution of a dithiolene ligand from 1 involves net redox disproportionation of the ligands from radical monoanions, -S•SC2Ph2, to enedithiolate and dithione, the latter of which is an enhanced leaving group that is subject to further irreversible reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Obanda
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Kristina Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Russell H Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Igor V Rubtsov
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , University Avenue, Glasgow, Lanarkshire G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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18
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Wang Y, Hickox HP, Xie Y, Wei P, Blair SA, Johnson MK, Schaefer HF, Robinson GH. A Stable Anionic Dithiolene Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6859-6862. [PMID: 28482154 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sulfurization of anionic N-heterocyclic dicarbene, [:C{[N(2,6-Pri2C6H3)]2CHCLi}]n (2), with elemental sulfur (in a 1:2 ratio) in Et2O at low temperature gives 3 by inserting two sulfur atoms into the Li-C (i.e., C2 and C4) bonds in polymeric 2. Further reaction of 3 with 2 equiv of elemental sulfur in THF affords 4• via unexpected C-H bond activation, which represents the first anionic dithiolene radical to be structurally characterized in the solid state. Alternatively, 4• may also be synthesized directly by reaction of 1 with sulfur (in a 1:4 ratio) in THF. Reaction of 4• with GeCl2·dioxane gives an anionic germanium(IV)-bis(dithiolene) complex (5). The nature of the bonding in 4• and 5 was probed by experimental and theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Hunter P Hickox
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Pingrong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Soshawn A Blair
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Michael K Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
| | - Gregory H Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States
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19
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Wang M, Weyhermüller T, Bill E, Ye S, Wieghardt K. Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Rhenium Complexes Containing Neutral, Monoanionic, and Dianionic Ligands of 2,2′-Bipyridines and 2,2′:6,2″-Terpyridines: An Experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT)-Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5019-36. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
- Key Laboratory of
Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karl Wieghardt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße
34-36, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
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