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Movement disorders and neuropathies: overlaps and mimics in clinical practice. J Neurol 2022; 269:4646-4662. [PMID: 35657406 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Movement disorders as well as peripheral neuropathies are extremely frequent in the general population; therefore, it is not uncommon to encounter patients with both these conditions. Often, the coexistence is coincidental, due to the high incidence of common causes of peripheral neuropathy, such as diabetes and other age-related disorders, as well as of Parkinson disease (PD), which has a typical late onset. Nonetheless, there is broad evidence that PD patients may commonly develop a sensory and/or autonomic polyneuropathy, triggered by intrinsic and/or extrinsic mechanisms. Similarly, some peripheral neuropathies may develop some movement disorders in the long run, such as tremor, and rarely dystonia and myoclonus, suggesting that central mechanisms may ensue in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Although rare, several acquired or hereditary causes may be responsible for the combination of movement and peripheral nerve disorders as a unique entity, some of which are potentially treatable, including paraneoplastic, autoimmune and nutritional aetiologies. Finally, genetic causes should be pursued in case of positive family history, young onset or multisystemic involvement, and examined for neuroacanthocytosis, spinocerebellar ataxias, mitochondrial disorders and less common causes of adult-onset cerebellar ataxias and spastic paraparesis. Deep phenotyping in terms of neurological and general examination, as well as laboratory tests, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and next-generation genetic analysis, may guide the clinician toward the correct diagnosis and management.
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2
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Brooks JK, Porter NC, Bisordi KA, Miclat CE, Greene CL. Review of general and head and neck/oral and maxillofacial features of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and dental management considerations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 133:e170-e177. [PMID: 35305937 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD) is an uncommon progressive neuromuscular disorder of the peripheral nervous system and primarily leads to distal extremity weakness and sensory deficits. Frequently, affected patients manifest pes cavus, drop foot, and digit contractures that may pose significant challenges in ambulation and grasping objects. Although there are numerous articles of this syndrome in the medical literature, there is a limited number of dental publications. The objective of this article is to review the general and head and neck/oral and maxillofacial features of CMTD. General guidelines for dental management are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Brooks
- Clinical Professor, Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Neil C Porter
- Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katharine A Bisordi
- Instructor and Genetic Counselor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claire E Miclat
- Predoctoral student, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol L Greene
- Professor, Director of Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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3
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Gu X, Hou Y, Chen Y, Ou R, Cao B, Wei Q, Zhang L, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Li C, Shang H. Enrichment of rare variants in E3 ubiquitin ligase genes in Early onset Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 109:273-278. [PMID: 34544586 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Altered ubiquitin signaling and disrupted protein quality control have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. The aim of the study was to systematically examine the overlaps between E3 ubiquitin ligase genes and early onset PD (EOPD). A total of 695 EOPD patients were analyzed aggregate burden for rare variants (MAF <0.001 and MAF <0.0001) in a total of 44 E3 ubiquitin ligase genes causing disorders involved in the nervous system. There was significant enrichment of the rare and rare damaging variants in the E3 ubiquitin ligase genes in EOPD patients. Detailly, in the gene-based level, the strongest associations were found in HERC1, IRF2BPL, KMT2D, RAPSN, RLIM, RNF168 and RNF216. Our findings highlighted the importance of UPS mechanism in the pathogenesis of PD from the genetic perspective. Moreover, our study also expanded the susceptible gene spectrum for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Paß T, Wiesner RJ, Pla-Martín D. Selective Neuron Vulnerability in Common and Rare Diseases-Mitochondria in the Focus. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:676187. [PMID: 34295920 PMCID: PMC8290884 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.676187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central feature of neurodegeneration within the central and peripheral nervous system, highlighting a strong dependence on proper mitochondrial function of neurons with especially high energy consumptions. The fitness of mitochondria critically depends on preservation of distinct processes, including the maintenance of their own genome, mitochondrial dynamics, quality control, and Ca2+ handling. These processes appear to be differently affected in common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, as well as in rare neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and peripheral neuropathies. Strikingly, particular neuron populations of different morphology and function perish in these diseases, suggesting that cell-type specific factors contribute to the vulnerability to distinct mitochondrial defects. Here we review the disruption of mitochondrial processes in common as well as in rare neurological disorders and its impact on selective neurodegeneration. Understanding discrepancies and commonalities regarding mitochondrial dysfunction as well as individual neuronal demands will help to design new targets and to make use of already established treatments in order to improve treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Paß
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Wiesner
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Pla-Martín
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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5
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A new alpha-synuclein missense variant (Thr72Met) in two Turkish families with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 89:63-72. [PMID: 34229155 PMCID: PMC8607441 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Missense variants and multiplications of the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA) are established as rare causes of autosomal dominant forms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Methods: Two families of Turkish origins with PD were studied; the SNCA coding region was analyzed by Sanger sequencing, and by whole exome sequencing (WES) in the index patient of the first and the second family, respectively. Co-segregation studies and haplotype analysis across the SNCA locus were carried out. Functional studies included in vitro thioflavin-T aggregation assay and in silico structural modelling of the alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein. Results: We identified a novel heterozygous SNCA variant, c.215C > T (p.Thr72Met), segregating with PD in a total of four members in the two families. A shared haplotype across the SNCA locus was found among variant carriers, suggestive of a common ancestor. We next showed that the Thr72Met α-syn displays enhanced aggregation in-vitro, compared to the wild-type species. In silico analysis of a tetrameric α-syn structural model revealed that Threonine 72 lies in the tetrameric interface, and substitution with the much larger methionine residue could potentially destabilize the tetramer. Conclusion: We present clinical, genetic, and functional data supporting a causative role of the SNCA c.215C > T (p.Thr72Met) variant in familial PD. Testing for this variant in patients with PD, especially of Turkish origin, might detect additional carriers. Further functional analyses might offer new insights into the shared biochemical properties of the PD-causing SNCA missense variants, and how they lead to neurodegeneration.
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Palaima P, Berciano J, Peeters K, Jordanova A. LRSAM1 and the RING domain: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and beyond. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:74. [PMID: 33568173 PMCID: PMC7874611 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, mutations in LRSAM1 were identified as the genetic cause of both dominant and recessive forms of axonal CMT type 2P (CMT2P). Despite demonstrating different inheritance patterns, dominant CMT2P is usually characterized by relatively mild, slowly progressive axonal neuropathy, mainly involving lower limbs, with age of onset between the second and fifth decades of life. Asymptomatic individuals were identified in several pedigrees exemplifying the strong phenotypic variability of these patients requiring serial clinical evaluation to establish correct diagnosis; in this respect, magnetic resonance imaging of lower-limb musculature showing fatty atrophy might be helpful in detecting subclinical gene mutation carriers. LRSAM1 is a universally expressed RING-type E3 ubiquitin protein ligase catalysing the final step in the ubiquitination cascade. Strikingly, TSG101 remains the only known ubiquitination target hampering our mechanistic understanding of the role of LRSAM1 in the cell. The recessive CMT mutations lead to complete loss of LRSAM1, contrary to the heterozygous dominant variants. These tightly cluster in the C-terminal RING domain highlighting its importance in governing the CMT disease. The domain is crucial for the ubiquitination function of LRSAM1 and CMT mutations disrupt its function, however it remains unknown how this leads to the peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, recent studies have linked LRSAM1 with other neurodegenerative diseases of peripheral and central nervous systems. In this review we share our experience with the challenging clinical diagnosis of CMT2P and summarize the mechanistic insights about the LRSAM1 dysfunction that might be helpful for the neurodegenerative field at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulius Palaima
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - José Berciano
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria (UC), Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, ''Edificio Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería (Cuarta Planta)'', University of Cantabria, Avda. de Valdecilla s/n, Santander, Spain
| | - Kristien Peeters
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Albena Jordanova
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Reilich P, Schlotter B, Montagnese F, Jordan B, Stock F, Schäff-Vogelsang M, Hotter B, Eger K, Diebold I, Erdmann H, Becker K, Schön U, Abicht A. Location matters - Genotype-phenotype correlation in LRSAM1 mutations associated with rare Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy CMT2P. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:123-133. [PMID: 33414056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
More than 80 genes are known to be associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Mutations of LRSAM1 were identified as a rare cause and define the subgroup of axonal neuropathy CMT2P. We identified additional 14 patients out of 12 families. Clinical and electrophysiological data confirm a late-onset axonal neuropathy with a predominance of sensorimotor impairment. The patients harbored ten different variants in LRSAM1, seven of which were novel. Due to variable inheritance patterns and clustering of pathogenic variants in 3´-prime exons, interpretation of genetic variants in LRSAM1 is challenging. The majority follows dominant inheritance, whereas recessive inheritance has been described for one variant. Variants at the 3`end may or may not escape from nonsense-mediated decay, thereby defining the pattern of inheritance. Our data emphasize the importance of the C-terminal RING domain, which exerts a dominant-negative effect on protein function, whenever affected by an altered or truncated protein. In conclusion, CMT2P is a rare, but nevertheless relevant cause of adult-onset axonal and painful neuropathy. ACMG (American College of Medical Genetics and genomics) criteria should be carefully applied in variant interpretation, with special attention to premature termination codon-introducing variants and their location within the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Reilich
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Schlotter
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Federica Montagnese
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Berit Jordan
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Halle, Halle, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stock
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Hotter
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherina Eger
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Neurologie und Psychiatrie, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Diebold
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany; Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Hannes Erdmann
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Becker
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schön
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Abicht
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany.
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8
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Schmidt MF, Gan ZY, Komander D, Dewson G. Ubiquitin signalling in neurodegeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:570-590. [PMID: 33414510 PMCID: PMC7862249 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by progressive damage to the nervous system including the selective loss of vulnerable populations of neurons leading to motor symptoms and cognitive decline. Despite millions of people being affected worldwide, there are still no drugs that block the neurodegenerative process to stop or slow disease progression. Neuronal death in these diseases is often linked to the misfolded proteins that aggregate within the brain (proteinopathies) as a result of disease-related gene mutations or abnormal protein homoeostasis. There are two major degradation pathways to rid a cell of unwanted or misfolded proteins to prevent their accumulation and to maintain the health of a cell: the ubiquitin–proteasome system and the autophagy–lysosomal pathway. Both of these degradative pathways depend on the modification of targets with ubiquitin. Aging is the primary risk factor of most neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. With aging there is a general reduction in proteasomal degradation and autophagy, and a consequent increase of potentially neurotoxic protein aggregates of β-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein, SOD1 and TDP-43. An often over-looked yet major component of these aggregates is ubiquitin, implicating these protein aggregates as either an adaptive response to toxic misfolded proteins or as evidence of dysregulated ubiquitin-mediated degradation driving toxic aggregation. In addition, non-degradative ubiquitin signalling is critical for homoeostatic mechanisms fundamental for neuronal function and survival, including mitochondrial homoeostasis, receptor trafficking and DNA damage responses, whilst also playing a role in inflammatory processes. This review will discuss the current understanding of the role of ubiquitin-dependent processes in the progressive loss of neurons and the emergence of ubiquitin signalling as a target for the development of much needed new drugs to treat neurodegenerative disease. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene F Schmidt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Zhong Yan Gan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - David Komander
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Grant Dewson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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Mishra R, Joshi V, Upadhyay A, Amanullah A, Dubey AR, Singh S, Dubey VK, Poluri KM, Jana NR, Mishra A. LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes proteasomal clearance of E6-AP protein. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109836. [PMID: 33207262 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Numerous proteins participate and actively contribute to the various cellular mechanisms, where several of them are crucial for regular metabolism, including survival. Thus, to maintain optimal cellular physiology, cells govern protein quality control functions with the assistance of comprehensive actions of molecular chaperones, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. In the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, few quality control E3 ubiquitin ligases actively participate against misfolded protein aggregation generated via stress conditions. But how these quality control E3s active expression levels returned to basal levels when cells achieved re-establishment of proteostasis is still poorly understood. Our current study demonstrated that LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes the proteasomal degradation of quality control E3 ubiquitin ligase E6-AP. We have observed the co-localization and recruitment of LRSAM1 with E6-AP protein and noticed that LRSAM1 induces the endogenous turnover of E6-AP. Partial depletion of LRSAM1 elevates the levels of E6-AP and affects overall cell cycle regulatory proteins (p53 and p27) expression, including the rate of cellular proliferation. The current finding also provides an excellent opportunity to better understand the basis of the E6-AP associated pathomechanism of Angelman Syndrome disorder. Additionally, this study touches upon the novel potential molecular strategy to regulate the levels of one quality control E3 ubiquitin ligase with another E3 ubiquitin ligase and restore proteostasis and provide a possible therapeutic approach against abnormal protein aggregation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Vibhuti Joshi
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Ayeman Amanullah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology and Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- School of Bioscience Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India.
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Lescouzères L, Bomont P. E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Neurological Diseases: Focus on Gigaxonin and Autophagy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1022. [PMID: 33192535 PMCID: PMC7642974 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a dynamic post-translational modification that regulates the fate of proteins and therefore modulates a myriad of cellular functions. At the last step of this sophisticated enzymatic cascade, E3 ubiquitin ligases selectively direct ubiquitin attachment to specific substrates. Altogether, the ∼800 distinct E3 ligases, combined to the exquisite variety of ubiquitin chains and types that can be formed at multiple sites on thousands of different substrates confer to ubiquitination versatility and infinite possibilities to control biological functions. E3 ubiquitin ligases have been shown to regulate behaviors of proteins, from their activation, trafficking, subcellular distribution, interaction with other proteins, to their final degradation. Largely known for tagging proteins for their degradation by the proteasome, E3 ligases also direct ubiquitinated proteins and more largely cellular content (organelles, ribosomes, etc.) to destruction by autophagy. This multi-step machinery involves the creation of double membrane autophagosomes in which engulfed material is degraded after fusion with lysosomes. Cooperating in sustaining homeostasis, actors of ubiquitination, proteasome and autophagy pathways are impaired or mutated in wide range of human diseases. From initial discovery of pathogenic mutations in the E3 ligase encoding for E6-AP in Angelman syndrome and Parkin in juvenile forms of Parkinson disease, the number of E3 ligases identified as causal gene for neurological diseases has considerably increased within the last years. In this review, we provide an overview of these diseases, by classifying the E3 ubiquitin ligase types and categorizing the neurological signs. We focus on the Gigaxonin-E3 ligase, mutated in giant axonal neuropathy and present a comprehensive analysis of the spectrum of mutations and the recent biological models that permitted to uncover novel mechanisms of action. Then, we discuss the common functions shared by Gigaxonin and the other E3 ligases in cytoskeleton architecture, cell signaling and autophagy. In particular, we emphasize their pivotal roles in controlling multiple steps of the autophagy pathway. In light of the various targets and extending functions sustained by a single E3 ligase, we finally discuss the challenge in understanding the complex pathological cascade underlying disease and in designing therapeutic approaches that can apprehend this complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lescouzères
- ATIP-Avenir Team, INM, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Bomont
- ATIP-Avenir Team, INM, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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11
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Maimaitijuma T, Yu JH, Ren YL, Yang X, Liu H, Meng ZC, Wang R, Cui YP, Wu H, Pan LP, Jiao Y, Chen YY, Cao YP. PHF23 negatively regulates the autophagy of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Life Sci 2020; 253:117750. [PMID: 32380078 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main cause of disability and joint replacement surgery in the elderly. As a crucial cell survival mechanism, autophagy has been reported to decrease in OA. PHF23 is a new autophagy inhibitor which was first reported by us previously. This study aimed to explore the anti-autophagic mechanism of PHF23 to make it a possible therapeutic target of OA. MAIN METHOD Lentiviral vectors specific to PHF23 were used on chondrocytes (C28/I2) to establish PHF23 overexpressed or knockdown stable cell strains. Interleukin (IL)-1β (10 ng/mL) and chloroquine (CQ, 25 uM) were used as an inducer of OA and inhibitor of lysosome, respectively. Autophagy was evaluated by autophagosome formation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot analysis of P62 and LC3B on different groups of cells. Effects of PHF23 on OA were evaluated by collagen II immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis of OA-associated proteins MMP13 and ADAMTS5. Effects of PHF23 on AMPK and mTOR/S6K pathways and mitophagy were determined by western blot analysis. KEY FINDINGS Knockdown of PHF23 enhanced IL-1β-induced autophagy, while overexpression of PHF23 exerted the opposite effect. Knockdown of PHF23 protected chondrocytes against IL-1β-induced OA by decreasing the levels of OA-associated proteins and increasing expression of Collagen II. Knockdown of PHF23 also increased mitophagy level and altered the phosphorylation levels of AMPK, mTOR, and S6K. SIGNIFICANCE PHF23 downregulates autophagy, mitophagy in IL-1β-induced OA-like chondrocytes and alters the activities of AMPK and mTOR/S6K, which suggests that PHF23 may be a possible therapeutic target for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia-Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Li Ren
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Meng
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Cui
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ping Pan
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ping Cao
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
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12
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Sewduth RN, Baietti MF, Sablina AA. Cracking the Monoubiquitin Code of Genetic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093036. [PMID: 32344852 PMCID: PMC7246618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a versatile and dynamic post-translational modification in which single ubiquitin molecules or polyubiquitin chains are attached to target proteins, giving rise to mono- or poly-ubiquitination, respectively. The majority of research in the ubiquitin field focused on degradative polyubiquitination, whereas more recent studies uncovered the role of single ubiquitin modification in important physiological processes. Monoubiquitination can modulate the stability, subcellular localization, binding properties, and activity of the target proteins. Understanding the function of monoubiquitination in normal physiology and pathology has important therapeutic implications, as alterations in the monoubiquitin pathway are found in a broad range of genetic diseases. This review highlights a link between monoubiquitin signaling and the pathogenesis of genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Nayan Sewduth
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.S.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Francesca Baietti
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.S.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna A. Sablina
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.S.); (M.F.B.)
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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13
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Plant homeodomain finger protein 23 inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 132:2581-2587. [PMID: 31592908 PMCID: PMC6846253 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant homeodomain finger protein 23 (PHF23) is a novel autophagy inhibitor gene that has been few studied with respect to orthopedics. This study was to investigate the expression of PHF23 in articular cartilage and synovial tissue, and analyze the relationship between PHF23 and chondrocyte autophagy in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and western blot were applied to show the expression of PHF23 in cartilage of different outbridge grades and synovial tissue of patient with OA and healthy control. The normal human chondrocyte pre-treated with rapamycin or 3-methyladenine, treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β). IL-1β induced expression level of PHF23 and autophagy-related proteins light chain 3B-I (LC3B-I), LC3B-II, and P62, were examined by Western blot. A PHF23 gene knock-down model was constructed with small interfering RNA. Western blot was performed to detect the efficiency of PHF23 and the impact of PHF23 knockout on IL-1β-induced expression of autophagy-related and apoptotic-related proteins in chondrocyte. RESULTS The expression of PHF23 was significantly increased in the high-grade cartilage and synovial tissue of patients with OA. The IL-1β-induced expression of PHF23 was gradually enhanced with time. The level of LC3B-II, P62 changed with time. After knockdown of PHF23, the level of autophagy-related proteins increased and apoptotic-related proteins decreased in IL-1β-induced OA-like chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS The expression of PHF23 increased in human OA cartilage and synovium, and was induced by IL-1β through inflammatory stress. PHF23 can suppress autophagy of chondrocytes, and accelerate apoptosis.
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Mishra R, Amanullah A, Upadhyay A, Dhiman R, Dubey AR, Singh S, Prasad A, Mishra A. Ubiquitin ligase LRSAM1 suppresses neurodegenerative diseases linked aberrant proteins induced cell death. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 120:105697. [PMID: 31982566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of aberrant misfolded proteins is a major hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Intracellular accumulations of such abnormal proteins are selectively cleared by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). But how the failure of misfolded protein degradation cause proteinopathies is still an unanswered question?. Previous studies have suggested that few selective quality control (QC) E3 ubiquitin ligase from the UPS can selectively target insoluble aggregated proteins for their intracellular degradation. Few reports suggest that lack or aberrant functions of QC E3 ubiquitin ligases can be a possible causative factor of neurodegeneration and aging. Earlier findings indicated that leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing-1 (LRSAM1) is associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2P (CMT2P) disease in which loss of LRSAM1 function sensitizes peripheral axons for degeneration. Here, our current study for the first time demonstrates that E3 ubiquitin Ligase LRSAM1 is a really interesting new gene (RING) class protein which suppresses the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates and also alleviates their deleterious cytotoxic effects. We have also observed that LRSAM1 expression is elevated under neurodegenerative stress conditions, and partial depletion of LRSAM1 endogenous levels aggravates mitochondrial abnormalities and severely affects cell survival during proteotoxic insults. Overall, our current finding indicates that LRSAM1 can alleviate cytotoxic insults mediated by a variety of neurodegeneration linked proteotoxic stress events, and most likely LRSAM1 interplay a significant role in between different components of cellular protein quality control mechanism. This study will also allow us to better comprehend the problem of proteinopathies linked with aberrant protein accumulation and open new possibilities to better elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathologies of neurodegeneration and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Ayeman Amanullah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Lucknow, 226031, UP, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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15
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Peretti A, Perie M, Vincent D, Bouhour F, Dieterich K, Mallaret M, Duval F, Goizet C, Juntas-Morales R, Magy L, Solé G, Nollet S, Not A, Léonard-Louis S, Francou B, Leguern E, Lia AS, Magdelaine C, Latour P, Stojkovic T. LRSAM1 variants and founder effect in French families with ataxic form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1406-1418. [PMID: 30996334 PMCID: PMC6777460 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently only 25-30% of patients with axonal forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) receive a genetic diagnosis. We aimed to identify the causative gene of CMT type 2 in 8 non-related French families with a distinct clinical phenotype. We collected clinical, electrophysiological, and laboratory findings and performed genetic analyses in four different French laboratories. Seventy-two patients with autosomal dominant inheritance were identified. The disease usually started in the fourth decade and the clinical picture was dominated by sensory ataxia (80%), neuropathic pain (38%), and length-dependent sensory loss to all modalities. Electrophysiological studies showed a primarily axonal neuropathy, with possible isolated sensory involvement in milder phenotypes. Disease severity varied greatly but the clinical course was generally mild. We identified 2 novel variants in LRSAM1 gene: a deletion of 4 amino acids, p.(Gln698_Gln701del), was found in 7 families and a duplication of a neighboring region of 10 amino acids, p.(Pro702_Gln711dup), in the remaining family. A common haplotype of ~450 kb suggesting a founder effect was noted around LRSAM1 in 4 families carrying the first variant. LRSAM1 gene encodes for an E3 ubiquitin ligase important for neural functioning. Our results confirm the localization of variants in its catalytic C-terminal RING domain and broaden the phenotypic spectrum of LRSAM1-related neuropathies, including painful and predominantly sensory ataxic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Peretti
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France.
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Maud Perie
- Service de Neurologie CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Vincent
- Service de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier La Rochelle-Ré-Aunis, La Rochelle, France
| | - Françoise Bouhour
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service d'ENMG-Pathologies Neuromusculaires, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Couple Enfant, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Martial Mallaret
- Centre de Compétences des Maladies Neuro Musculaires, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Fanny Duval
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Centre de Référence neurogénétique, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratoire MRGM, INSERM U1211, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Laurent Magy
- Service et Laboratoire de Neurologie, Centre de Référence Neuropathies Périphériques rares, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Guilhem Solé
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Nollet
- Service Explorations et Pathologies Neuromusculaires, CHRU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Not
- AP-HP, Service de Neurologie, CHU Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Centre de Référence national des Neuropathies amyloïdes familiales et Autres Neuropathies périphériques rares (NNERF), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sarah Léonard-Louis
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Francou
- AP-HP, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Service Génétique moléculaire pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric Leguern
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Latour
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, Unité Médicale Pathologies neurologiques et cardiologiques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France
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16
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Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Poluri KM, Jana NR, Mishra A. LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase: molecular neurobiological perspectives linked with brain diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2093-2110. [PMID: 30826859 PMCID: PMC11105512 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular protein quality control (PQC) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Failure of PQC mechanism may lead to various neurodegenerative diseases due to accumulation of aberrant proteins. To avoid such fatal neuronal conditions PQC employs autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to degrade misfolded proteins. Few quality control (QC) E3 ubiquitin ligases interplay an important role to specifically recognize misfolded proteins for their intracellular degradation. Leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif-containing 1 (LRSAM1) is a really interesting new gene (RING) class protein that possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity with promising applications in PQC. LRSAM1 is also known as RING finger leucine repeat rich (RIFLE) or TSG 101-associated ligase (TAL). LRSAM1 has various cellular functions as it modulates the protein aggregation, endosomal sorting machinery and virus egress from the cells. Thus, this makes LRSAM1 interesting to study not only in protein conformational disorders such as neurodegeneration but also in immunological and other cancerous disorders. Furthermore, LRSAM1 interacts with both cellular protein degradation machineries and hence it can participate in maintenance of overall cellular proteostasis. Still, more research work on the quality control molecular functions of LRSAM1 is needed to comprehend its roles in various protein aggregatory diseases. Earlier findings suggest that in a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, lack of LRSAM1 functions sensitizes peripheral axons to degeneration. It has been observed that in CMT the patients retain dominant and recessive mutations of LRSAM1 gene, which encodes most likely a defective protein. However, still the comprehensive molecular pathomechanism of LRSAM1 in neuronal functions and neurodegenerative diseases is not known. The current article systematically represents the molecular functions, nature and detailed characterization of LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we review emerging molecular mechanisms of LRSAM1 linked with neurobiological functions, with a clear focus on the mechanism of neurodegeneration and also on other diseases. Better understanding of LRSAM1 neurobiological and intracellular functions may contribute to develop promising novel therapeutic approaches, which can also propose new lines of molecular beneficial targets for various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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17
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George AJ, Hoffiz YC, Charles AJ, Zhu Y, Mabb AM. A Comprehensive Atlas of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Mutations in Neurological Disorders. Front Genet 2018; 9:29. [PMID: 29491882 PMCID: PMC5817383 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a posttranslational modification that plays an integral part in mediating diverse cellular functions. The process of protein ubiquitination requires an enzymatic cascade that consists of a ubiquitin activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) and an E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3). There are an estimated 600-700 E3 ligase genes representing ~5% of the human genome. Not surprisingly, mutations in E3 ligase genes have been observed in multiple neurological conditions. We constructed a comprehensive atlas of disrupted E3 ligase genes in common (CND) and rare neurological diseases (RND). Of the predicted and known human E3 ligase genes, we found ~13% were mutated in a neurological disorder with 83 total genes representing 70 different types of neurological diseases. Of the E3 ligase genes identified, 51 were associated with an RND. Here, we provide an updated list of neurological disorders associated with E3 ligase gene disruption. We further highlight research in these neurological disorders and discuss the advanced technologies used to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene J. George
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yarely C. Hoffiz
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Ying Zhu
- Creative Media Industries Institute & Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Angela M. Mabb
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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18
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Hakonen JE, Sorrentino V, Avagliano Trezza R, de Wissel MB, van den Berg M, Bleijlevens B, van Ruissen F, Distel B, Baas F, Zelcer N, Weterman MAJ. LRSAM1-mediated ubiquitylation is disrupted in axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2P. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2034-2041. [PMID: 28335037 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease type 2 is a genetically heterogeneous group of inherited neuropathies characterized by motor and sensory deficits as a result of peripheral axonal degeneration. We recently reported a frameshift (FS) mutation in the Really Interesting New Gene finger (RING) domain of LRSAM1 (c.2121_2122dup, p.Leu708Argfs) that encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase, as the cause of axonal-type CMT (CMT2P). However, the frequency of LRSAM1 mutations in CMT2 and the functional basis for their association with disease remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated LRSAM1 mutations in two large Dutch cohorts. In the first cohort (n = 107), we sequenced the full LRSAM1 coding exons in an unbiased fashion, and, in the second cohort (n = 468), we specifically sequenced the last, RING-encoding exon in individuals where other CMT-associated genes had been ruled out. We identified a novel LRSAM1 missense mutation (c.2120C > T, p.Pro707Leu) mapping to the RING domain. Based on our genetic analysis, the occurrence of pathogenic LRSAM1 mutations is estimated to be rare. Functional characterization of the FS, the identified missense mutation, as well as of another recently reported pathogenic missense mutation (c.2081G > A, p.Cys694Tyr), revealed that in vitro ubiquitylation activity was largely abrogated. We demonstrate that loss of the E2-E3 interaction that is an essential prerequisite for supporting ubiquitylation of target substrates, underlies this reduced ubiquitylation capacity. In contrast, LRSAM1 dimerization and interaction with the bona fide target TSG101 were not disrupted. In conclusion, our study provides further support for the role of LRSAM1 in CMT and identifies LRSAM1-mediated ubiquitylation as a common determinant of disease-associated LRSAM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna E Hakonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Genome Analysis, Department of Clinical Genetics.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and.,Laboratory for integrative and systems physiology, EPFL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rossella Avagliano Trezza
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | | | - Marlene van den Berg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | - Boris Bleijlevens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | | | - Ben Distel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | - Frank Baas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam and
| | - Marian A J Weterman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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19
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Rossor AM, Carr AS, Devine H, Chandrashekar H, Pelayo-Negro AL, Pareyson D, Shy ME, Scherer SS, Reilly MM. Peripheral neuropathy in complex inherited diseases: an approach to diagnosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:846-863. [PMID: 28794150 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-313960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a common finding in patients with complex inherited neurological diseases and may be subclinical or a major component of the phenotype. This review aims to provide a clinical approach to the diagnosis of this complex group of patients by addressing key questions including the predominant neurological syndrome associated with the neuropathy, for example, spasticity, the type of neuropathy and the other neurological and non-neurological features of the syndrome. Priority is given to the diagnosis of treatable conditions. Using this approach, we associated neuropathy with one of three major syndromic categories: (1) ataxia, (2) spasticity and (3) global neurodevelopmental impairment. Syndromes that do not fall easily into one of these three categories can be grouped according to the predominant system involved in addition to the neuropathy, for example, cardiomyopathy and neuropathy. We also include a separate category of complex inherited relapsing neuropathy syndromes, some of which may mimic Guillain-Barré syndrome, as many will have a metabolic aetiology and be potentially treatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Rossor
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Aisling S Carr
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Helen Devine
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Hoskote Chandrashekar
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Ana Lara Pelayo-Negro
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Davide Pareyson
- Unit of Neurological Rare Diseases of Adulthood, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael E Shy
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Steven S Scherer
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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20
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Bian W, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li H. The self-association and activity regulation of LRSAM1 E3 ligase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 485:95-101. [PMID: 28189685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
LRSAM1, a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, is essential for regulating cargo sorting, signaling pathways, cell adhesion and anti-bacterial autophagy. It is important to elucidate the mechanism that underlies the regulation of LRSAM1 E3 ligase activity. Here, we reported that LRSAM1 exhibited self-association in vitro and in vivo. We found the self-association of LRSAM1 promotes intermolecular ubiquitination and proved a potential N-terminal ubiquitination. The E3 activity of LRSAM1 is amplified when the RING domain is present in tandem with its N-terminal domain(s). Furthermore, we found that the CC2-SAM domain had a strong inhibitory effect on the E3 activity of LRSAM1 in vitro and blocked ubiquitination of TSG101 in vivo; the tandem CC1 domain, but not the individual CC1 domain, could counteract this inhibition. Collectively, our data characterized the self-association of LRSAM1 and showed how its domains may contribute to its overall activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Bioresources and Eco-environments, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Yanmin Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Bioresources and Eco-environments, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Bioresources and Eco-environments, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Bioresources and Eco-environments, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China.
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21
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Peeters K, Palaima P, Pelayo-Negro AL, García A, Gallardo E, García-Barredo R, Mateiu L, Baets J, Menten B, De Vriendt E, De Jonghe P, Timmerman V, Infante J, Berciano J, Jordanova A. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2G redefined by a novel mutation inLRSAM1. Ann Neurol 2016; 80:823-833. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.24775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Peeters
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Paulius Palaima
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Ana L. Pelayo-Negro
- Departments of Neurology; University Hospital, University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases Network; Santander Spain
| | - Antonio García
- Clinical Neurophysiology; University Hospital, University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases Network; Santander Spain
| | - Elena Gallardo
- Radiology; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Network; Santander Spain
| | - Rosario García-Barredo
- Radiology; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Network; Santander Spain
| | - Ligia Mateiu
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
- Department of Neurology; Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp Belgium
- Born-Bunge Institute; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Björn Menten
- Born-Bunge Institute; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Els De Vriendt
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Peter De Jonghe
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Jon Infante
- Departments of Neurology; University Hospital, University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases Network; Santander Spain
| | - José Berciano
- Departments of Neurology; University Hospital, University of Cantabria, and Center for Biomedical Research in the Neurodegenerative Diseases Network; Santander Spain
| | - Albena Jordanova
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
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Hu B, Arpag S, Zuchner S, Li J. A novel missense mutation of CMT2P alters transcription machinery. Ann Neurol 2016; 80:834-845. [PMID: 27615052 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2P (CMT2P) has been associated with frameshift mutations in the RING domain of LRSAM1 (an E3 ligase). This study describes families with a novel missense mutation of LRSAM1 gene and explores pathogenic mechanisms of CMT2P. METHODS Patients with CMT2P were characterized clinically, electrophysiologically, and genetically. A neuronal model with the LRSAM1 mutation was created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The neuronal cell line along with fibroblasts isolated from the patients was used to study RNA-binding proteins. RESULTS This American family with dominantly inherited axonal polyneuropathy reveals a phenotype similar to those in previously reported non-US families. The affected members in our family cosegregated with a novel missense mutation Cys694Arg that alters a highly conserved cysteine in the RING domain. This mutation leads to axonal degeneration in the in vitro neuronal cell line. Moreover, using protein mass spectrometry, we identified a group of RNA-binding proteins (including FUS, a protein critically involved in motor neuron degeneration) that interacted with LRSAM1. The interactions were disrupted by the Cys694Arg mutation, which resulted in reduction of intranuclear RNA-binding proteins. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that the mutant LRSAM1 may aberrantly affect the formation of transcription machinery. Given that a similar mechanism has been reported in motor neuron degeneration of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, abnormalities of RNA/RNA-binding protein complex may play a role in the neuronal degeneration of CMT2P. Ann Neurol 2016;80:834-845.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Sezgi Arpag
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- Department of Human Genetics and Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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