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Ye J, Pan X, Wen Z, Wu T, Jin Y, Ji S, Zhang X, Ma Y, Liu W, Teng C, Tang L, Wei W. Injectable conductive hydrogel remodeling microenvironment and mimicking neuroelectric signal transmission after spinal cord injury. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:646-657. [PMID: 38696992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to dysregulated neuroinflammation and cell apoptosis, resulting in axonal die-back and the loss of neuroelectric signal transmission. While biocompatible hydrogels are commonly used in SCI repair, they lack the capacity to support neuroelectric transmission. To overcome this limitation, we developed an injectable silk fibroin/ionic liquid (SFMA@IL) conductive hydrogel to assist neuroelectric signal transmission after SCI in this study. The hydrogel can form rapidly in situ under ultraviolet (UV) light. The mechanical supporting and neuro-regenerating properties are provided by silk fibroin (SF), while the conductive capability is provided by the designed ionic liquid (IL). SFMA@IL showed attractive features for SCI repair, such as anti-swelling, conductivity, and injectability. In vivo, SFMA@IL hydrogel used in rats with complete transection injuries was found to remodel the microenvironment, reduce inflammation, and facilitate neuro-fiber outgrowth. The hydrogel also led to a notable decrease in cell apoptosis and the achievement of scar-free wound healing, which saved 45.6 ± 10.8 % of spinal cord tissue in SFMA@IL grafting. Electrophysiological studies in rats with complete transection SCI confirmed SFMA@IL's ability to support sensory neuroelectric transmission, providing strong evidence for its signal transmission function. These findings provide new insights for the development of effective SCI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjia Ye
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Xihao Pan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 310000
| | - Zhengfa Wen
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Tianxin Wu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Shunxian Ji
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuanzhu Ma
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Chong Teng
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
| | - Longguang Tang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
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2
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Bundalian L, Su YY, Chen S, Velluva A, Kirstein AS, Garten A, Biskup S, Battke F, Lal D, Heyne HO, Platzer K, Lin CC, Lemke JR, Le Duc D. Epilepsies of presumed genetic etiology show enrichment of rare variants that occur in the general population. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:1110-1122. [PMID: 37369202 PMCID: PMC10357498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that severe epilepsies, e.g., developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), are mainly caused by ultra-rare de novo genetic variants. For milder disease, rare genetic variants could contribute to the phenotype. To determine the importance of rare variants for different epilepsy types, we analyzed a whole-exome sequencing cohort of 9,170 epilepsy-affected individuals and 8,436 control individuals. Here, we separately analyzed three different groups of epilepsies: severe DEEs, genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE), and non-acquired focal epilepsy (NAFE). We required qualifying rare variants (QRVs) to occur in control individuals with an allele count ≥ 1 and a minor allele frequency ≤ 1:1,000, to be predicted as deleterious (CADD ≥ 20), and to have an odds ratio in individuals with epilepsy ≥ 2. We identified genes enriched with QRVs primarily in NAFE (n = 72), followed by GGE (n = 32) and DEE (n = 21). This suggests that rare variants may play a more important role for causality of NAFE than for DEE. Moreover, we found that genes harboring QRVs, e.g., HSGP2, FLNA, or TNC, encode proteins that are involved in structuring the brain extracellular matrix. The present study confirms an involvement of rare variants for NAFE that occur also in the general population, while in DEE and GGE, the contribution of such variants appears more limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnaeus Bundalian
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yin-Yuan Su
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siwei Chen
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Akhil Velluva
- Division of General Biochemistry, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Sophia Kirstein
- Pediatric Research Center, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- Pediatric Research Center, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72070 Tubingen, Germany
| | | | - Dennis Lal
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Hasso-Plattner-Institut for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Hasso Plattner Institute at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland: FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chen-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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3
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Almomani R, Sopacua M, Marchi M, Ślęczkowska M, Lindsey P, de Greef BTA, Hoeijmakers JGJ, Salvi E, Merkies ISJ, Ferdousi M, Malik RA, Ziegler D, Derks KWJ, Boenhof G, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Cazzato D, Lombardi R, Dib-Hajj S, Waxman SG, Smeets HJM, Gerrits MM, Faber CG, Lauria G. Genetic Profiling of Sodium Channels in Diabetic Painful and Painless and Idiopathic Painful and Painless Neuropathies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098278. [PMID: 37175987 PMCID: PMC10179245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a frequent feature of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Resolving the genetic architecture of these painful neuropathies will lead to better disease management strategies, counselling and intervention. Our aims were to profile ten sodium channel genes (SCG) expressed in a nociceptive pathway in painful and painless DPN and painful and painless SFN patients, and to provide a perspective for clinicians who assess patients with painful peripheral neuropathy. Between June 2014 and September 2016, 1125 patients with painful-DPN (n = 237), painless-DPN (n = 309), painful-SFN (n = 547) and painless-SFN (n = 32), recruited in four different centers, were analyzed for SCN3A, SCN7A-SCN11A and SCN1B-SCN4B variants by single molecule Molecular inversion probes-Next Generation Sequence. Patients were grouped based on phenotype and the presence of SCG variants. Screening of SCN3A, SCN7A-SCN11A, and SCN1B-SCN4B revealed 125 different (potential) pathogenic variants in 194 patients (17.2%, n = 194/1125). A potential pathogenic variant was present in 18.1% (n = 142/784) of painful neuropathy patients vs. 15.2% (n = 52/341) of painless neuropathy patients (17.3% (n = 41/237) for painful-DPN patients, 14.9% (n = 46/309) for painless-DPN patients, 18.5% (n = 101/547) for painful-SFN patients, and 18.8% (n = 6/32) for painless-SFN patients). Of the variants detected, 70% were in SCN7A, SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A. The frequency of SCN9A and SCN11A variants was the highest in painful-SFN patients, SCN7A variants in painful-DPN patients, and SCN10A variants in painless-DPN patients. Our findings suggest that rare SCG genetic variants may contribute to the development of painful neuropathy. Genetic profiling and SCG variant identification should aid in a better understanding of the genetic variability in patients with painful and painless neuropathy, and may lead to better risk stratification and the development of more targeted and personalized pain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowida Almomani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Sopacua
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Ślęczkowska
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca T A de Greef
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke G J Hoeijmakers
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ingemar S J Merkies
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Curaçao Medical Center, 4365+37Q, J. H. J. Hamelbergweg, Willemstad, Curacao
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9P, UK
| | - Rayaz A Malik
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9P, UK
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Dan Ziegler
- German Diabetes Centre, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kasper W J Derks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gidon Boenhof
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cazzato
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sulayman Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Clinical Genomics Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Gerrits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina G Faber
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation "Carlo Besta" Neurological Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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4
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Bundalian L, Su YY, Chen S, Velluva A, Kirstein AS, Garten A, Biskup S, Battke F, Lal D, Heyne HO, Platzer K, Lin CC, Lemke JR, Le Duc D. The role of rare genetic variants enrichment in epilepsies of presumed genetic etiology. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.01.17.23284702. [PMID: 36974069 PMCID: PMC10041669 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.17.23284702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that severe epilepsies e.g., developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are mainly caused by ultra-rare de novo genetic variants. For milder phenotypes, rare genetic variants could contribute to the phenotype. To determine the importance of rare variants for different epilepsy types, we analyzed a whole-exome sequencing cohort of 9,170 epilepsy-affected individuals and 8,436 controls. Here, we separately analyzed three different groups of epilepsies : severe DEEs, genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE), and non-acquired focal epilepsy (NAFE). We required qualifying rare variants (QRVs) to occur in controls at a minor allele frequency ≤ 1:1,000, to be predicted as deleterious (CADD≥20), and to have an odds ratio in epilepsy cases ≥2. We identified genes enriched with QRVs in DEE (n=21), NAFE (n=72), and GGE (n=32) - the number of enriched genes are found greatest in NAFE and least in DEE. This suggests that rare variants may play a more important role for causality of NAFE than in DEE. Moreover, we found that QRV-carrying genes e.g., HSGP2, FLNA or TNC are involved in structuring the brain extracellular matrix. The present study confirms an involvement of rare variants for NAFE, while in DEE and GGE, the contribution of such variants appears more limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnaeus Bundalian
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 4103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yin-Yuan Su
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siwei Chen
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Akhil Velluva
- Division of General Biochemistry, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Sophia Kirstein
- Pediatric Research Center, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- Pediatric Research Center, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72070, Tubingen, Germany
| | | | - Dennis Lal
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Henrike O Heyne
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, US
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland: FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 4103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chen-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 4103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 4103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 4103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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5
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Mizuguchi M, Shibata A, Kasai M, Hoshino A. Genetic and environmental risk factors of acute infection-triggered encephalopathy. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1119708. [PMID: 36761411 PMCID: PMC9902370 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1119708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute encephalopathy is a constellation of syndromes in which immune response, metabolism and neuronal excitation are affected in a variable fashion. Most of the syndromes are complex disorders, caused or aggravated by multiple, genetic and environmental risk factors. Environmental factors include pathogenic microorganisms of the antecedent infection such as influenza virus, human herpesvirus-6 and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, and drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, valproate and theophylline. Genetic factors include mutations such as rare variants of the SCN1A and RANBP2 genes, and polymorphisms such as thermolabile CPT2 variants and HLA genotypes. By altering immune response, metabolism or neuronal excitation, these factors complicate the pathologic process. On the other hand, some of them could provide promising targets to prevent or treat acute encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mizuguchi
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Pediatrics, National Rehabilitation Center for Children With Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Masashi Mizuguchi,
| | - Akiko Shibata
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Laboratory for Brain Development and Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Kasai
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Citizens Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Hoshino
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, Japan
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Martinowich K, Das D, Sripathy SR, Mai Y, Kenney RF, Maher BJ. Evaluation of Na v1.8 as a therapeutic target for Pitt Hopkins Syndrome. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:76-82. [PMID: 36224259 PMCID: PMC9812766 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01811-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pitt Hopkins Syndrome (PTHS) is a rare syndromic form of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) gene. TCF4 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is critical for neurodevelopment and brain function through its binding to cis-regulatory elements of target genes. One potential therapeutic strategy for PTHS is to identify dysregulated target genes and normalize their dysfunction. Here, we propose that SCN10A is an important target gene of TCF4 that is an applicable therapeutic approach for PTHS. Scn10a encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.8 and is consistently shown to be upregulated in PTHS mouse models. In this perspective, we review prior literature and present novel data that suggests inhibiting Nav1.8 in PTHS mouse models is effective at normalizing neuron function, brain circuit activity and behavioral abnormalities and posit this therapeutic approach as a treatment for PTHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Martinowich
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Debamitra Das
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Srinidhi Rao Sripathy
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Yishan Mai
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Rakaia F. Kenney
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Brady J. Maher
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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7
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Al Anazi AH, Ammar AS, Al-Hajj M, Cyrus C, Aljaafari D, Khoda I, Abdelfatah AK, Alsulaiman AA, Alanazi F, Alanazi R, Gandla D, Lad H, Barayan S, Keating BJ, Al-Ali AK. Whole-exome sequencing of a Saudi epilepsy cohort reveals association signals in known and potentially novel loci. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:71. [PMID: 36539902 PMCID: PMC9764464 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy, a serious chronic neurological condition effecting up to 100 million people globally, has clear genetic underpinnings including common and rare variants. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of epilepsy is high and caused mainly by perinatal and genetic factors. No whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies have been performed to date in Saudi Arabian epilepsy cohorts. This offers a unique opportunity for the discovery of rare genetic variants impacting this disease as there is a high rate of consanguinity among large tribal pedigrees. RESULTS We performed WES on 144 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy, to interrogate known epilepsy-related genes for known and functional novel variants. We also used an American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guideline-based variant prioritization approach in an attempt to discover putative causative variants. We identified 32 potentially causative pathogenic variants across 30 different genes in 44/144 (30%) of these Saudi epilepsy individuals. We also identified 232 variants of unknown significance (VUS) across 101 different genes in 133/144 (92%) subjects. Strong enrichment of variants of likely pathogenicity was observed in previously described epilepsy-associated loci, and a number of putative pathogenic variants in novel loci are also observed. CONCLUSION Several putative pathogenic variants in known epilepsy-related loci were identified for the first time in our population, in addition to several potential new loci which may be prioritized for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman H. Al Anazi
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Ammar
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Al-Hajj
- grid.415296.d0000 0004 0607 1539Department of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital, Alhafof, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cyril Cyrus
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah Aljaafari
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iname Khoda
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K. Abdelfatah
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alsulaiman
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firas Alanazi
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Alanazi
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Divya Gandla
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Hetal Lad
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Samar Barayan
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Neurosurgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brendan J. Keating
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Amein K. Al-Ali
- grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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8
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The diagnostic yield, candidate genes, and pitfalls for a genetic study of intellectual disability in 118 middle eastern families. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18862. [PMID: 36344539 PMCID: PMC9640568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Global Developmental Delay/Intellectual disability (ID) is the term used to describe various disorders caused by abnormal brain development and characterized by impairments in cognition, communication, behavior, or motor skills. In the past few years, whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been proven to be a powerful, robust, and scalable approach for candidate gene discoveries in consanguineous populations. In this study, we recruited 215 patients affected with ID from 118 Middle Eastern families. Whole-exome sequencing was completed for 188 individuals. The average age at which WES was completed was 8.5 years. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were detected in 32/118 families (27%). Variants of uncertain significance were seen in 33/118 families (28%). The candidate genes with a possible association with ID were detected in 32/118 (27%) with a total number of 64 affected individuals. These genes are novel, were previously reported in a single family, or cause strikingly different phenotypes with a different mode of inheritance. These genes included: AATK, AP1G2, CAMSAP1, CCDC9B, CNTROB, DNAH14, DNAJB4, DRG1, DTNBP1, EDRF1, EEF1D, EXOC8, EXOSC4, FARSB, FBXO22, FILIP1, INPP4A, P2RX7, PRDM13, PTRHD1, SCN10A, SCYL2, SMG8, SUPV3L1, TACC2, THUMPD1, XPR1, ZFYVE28. During the 5 years of the study and through gene matching databases, several of these genes have now been confirmed as causative of ID. In conclusion, understanding the causes of ID will help understand biological mechanisms, provide precise counseling for affected families, and aid in primary prevention.
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9
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Omer H, Omer MH, Alyousef AR, Alzammam AM, Ahmad O, Alanazi HA. Unmasking of Brugada syndrome by lamotrigine in a patient with pre-existing epilepsy: A case report with review of the literature. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1005952. [PMID: 36407465 PMCID: PMC9673589 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1005952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac channelopathy arising from mutations in voltage-gated cardiac sodium channels. Idiopathic epilepsy portrays a coalescent underlying pathophysiological mechanism pertaining to the premature excitation of neuronal voltage-gated ion channels resulting in the disruption of presynaptic neurons and the unregulated release of excitatory neurotransmitters. The coexistence of epilepsy and Brugada syndrome may be explained by mutations in voltage-gated ion channels, which are coexpressed in cardiac and neural tissue. Moreover, the incidence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy has been associated with malignant cardiac arrhythmias in the presence of mutations in voltage-gated ion channels. Lamotrigine is an antiepileptic drug that inhibits neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels, thus stabilizing neural impulse propagation and controlling seizure activity in the brain. However, lamotrigine has been shown to inhibit cardiac voltage-gated sodium channels resulting in a potential arrhythmogenic effect and the ability to unmask Brugada syndrome in genetically susceptible individuals. We are reporting a case of a 27-year-old male patient with a background of presumed idiopathic epilepsy who was initiated on lamotrigine therapy resulting in the unmasking of Brugada syndrome and the onset of syncopal episodes. This case provides further evidence for the arrhythmogenic capacity of lamotrigine and highlights the relationship between epilepsy and Brugada syndrome. In this report, we aim to review the current literature regarding the associations between epilepsy and Brugada syndrome and the impact of lamotrigine therapy on such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Omer
- Department of Adult Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Hafiz Omer,
| | - Mohamed H. Omer
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ali M. Alzammam
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Ahmad
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham A. Alanazi
- Department of Adult Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Borgio JF. Heterogeneity in biomarkers, mitogenome and genetic disorders of the Arab population with special emphasis on large-scale whole-exome sequencing. Arch Med Sci 2021; 19:765-783. [PMID: 37313193 PMCID: PMC10259412 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/145370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 25 million DNA variations have been discovered as novel including major alleles from the Arab population. Exome studies on the Saudi genome discovered > 3000 novel nucleotide variants associated with > 1200 rare genetic disorders. Reclassification of many pathogenic variants in the Human Gene Mutation Database and ClinVar Database as benign through the Arab database facilitates building a detailed and comprehensive map of the human morbid genome. Intellectual disability comes first with the combined and observed carrier frequency of 0.06779 among Saudi Arabians; retinal dystrophy is the next highest. Genome studies have discovered interesting novel candidate disease marker variations in many genes from consanguineous families. More than 7 pathogenic variants in the C12orf57 gene are prominently associated with the etiology of developmental delay/intellectual impairment in Arab ancestries. Advances in large-scale genome studies open a new outlook on Mendelian genes and disorders. In the past half-dozen years, candidate genes of intellectual disability, neurogenetic disorders, blood and bleeding disorders and rare genetic diseases have been well documented through genomic medicine studies in combination with advanced computational biology applications. The Arab mitogenome exposed hundreds of variations in the mtDNA genome and ancestral sharing with Africa, the Near East and East Asia and its association with obesity. These recent discoveries in disease markers and molecular genetics of the Arab population will have a positive impact towards supporting genetic counsellors on reaching consanguineous families to manage stress linked to genetics and precision medicine. This narrative review summarizes the advances in molecular medical genetics and recent discoveries on pathogenic variants. Despite the fact that these initiatives are targeting the genetics and genomics of disorders prevalent in Arab populations, a lack of complete cooperation across the projects needed to be revisited to uncover the Arab population's prominent disease markers. This shows that further study is needed in genomics to fully comprehend the molecular abnormalities and associated pathogenesis that cause inherited disorders in Arab ancestries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Lipina T, Blundell M. From atypical senses to autism: towards new therapeutic targets and improved diagnostics. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 212:173312. [PMID: 34883136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lipina
- University of Toronto, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Matisse Blundell
- University of Toronto, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
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12
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Heinrichs B, Liu B, Zhang J, Meents JE, Le K, Erickson A, Hautvast P, Zhu X, Li N, Liu Y, Spehr M, Habel U, Rothermel M, Namer B, Zhang X, Lampert A, Duan G. The Potential Effect of Na v 1.8 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From a Congenital Case With Compound Heterozygous SCN10A Mutations. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:709228. [PMID: 34385907 PMCID: PMC8354588 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.709228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from the most prominent symptoms in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), namely deficits in social interaction, communication and repetitive behavior, patients often show abnormal sensory reactivity to environmental stimuli. Especially potentially painful stimuli are reported to be experienced in a different way compared to healthy persons. In our present study, we identified an ASD patient carrying compound heterozygous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) Na v 1.8, which is preferentially expressed in sensory neurons. We expressed both mutations, p.I1511M and p.R512∗, in a heterologous expression system and investigated their biophysical properties using patch-clamp recordings. The results of these experiments reveal that the p.R512∗ mutation renders the channel non-functional, while the p.I1511M mutation showed only minor effects on the channel's function. Behavioral experiments in a Na v 1.8 loss-of-function mouse model additionally revealed that Na v 1.8 may play a role in autism-like symptomatology. Our results present Na v 1.8 as a protein potentially involved in ASD pathophysiology and may therefore offer new insights into the genetic basis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Heinrichs
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Baowen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jannis E. Meents
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kim Le
- Department of Chemosensation, AG Neuromodulation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andelain Erickson
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Hautvast
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Xiwen Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningbo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN Institute Brain Structure-Function Relationships: Decoding the Human Brain at Systemic Levels, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Rothermel
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Barbara Namer
- Research Group Neurosciences of the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Noebels JL. Predicting the impact of sodium channel mutations in human brain disease. Epilepsia 2020; 60 Suppl 3:S8-S16. [PMID: 31904123 PMCID: PMC6953257 DOI: 10.1111/epi.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alteration of the sodium channel provides a remarkable opportunity to understand how epilepsy and its comorbidities arise from a molecular disease of excitable membranes, and a chance to create a better future for children with epileptic encephalopathy. In a single cell, the channel reliably acts as a voltage-sensitive switch, enabling axon impulse firing, whereas at a network level, it becomes a variable rheostat for regulating dynamic patterns of neuronal oscillations, including those underlying cognitive development, seizures, and even premature lethality. Despite steady progress linking genetic variation of the channels with distinctive clinical syndromes, our understanding of the intervening biologic complexity underlying each of them is only just beginning. More research on the functional contribution of individual channel subunits to specific brain networks and cellular plasticity in the developing brain is needed before we can reliably advance from precision diagnosis to precision treatment of inherited sodium channel disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Noebels
- Blue Bird Circle Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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14
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Matthews E, Balestrini S, Sisodiya SM, Hanna MG. Muscle and brain sodium channelopathies: genetic causes, clinical phenotypes, and management approaches. THE LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2020; 4:536-547. [PMID: 32142633 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for excitability of skeletal muscle fibres and neurons. An increasing number of disabling or fatal paediatric neurological disorders linked to mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel genes are recognised. Muscle phenotypes include episodic paralysis, myotonia, neonatal hypotonia, respiratory compromise, laryngospasm or stridor, congenital myasthenia, and myopathy. Evidence suggests a possible link between sodium channel dysfunction and sudden infant death. Increasingly recognised phenotypes of brain sodium channelopathies include several epilepsy disorders and complex encephalopathies. Together, these early-onset muscle and brain phenotypes have a substantial morbidity and a considerable mortality. Important advances in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these channelopathies have helped to identify effective targeted therapies. The availability of effective treatments underlines the importance of increasing clinical awareness and the need to achieve a precise genetic diagnosis. In this Review, we describe the expanded range of phenotypes of muscle and brain sodium channelopathies and the underlying knowledge regarding mechanisms of sodium channel dysfunction. We also outline a diagnostic approach and review the available treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Matthews
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Buckinghamshire, UK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Buckinghamshire, UK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
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15
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Zhu D, Liu K, Wan CL, Lu J, Zhao HX. Identification of novel therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain based on gene expression patterns. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19494-19501. [PMID: 31187496 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) caused by nerve injury or dysfunction is one of the most challenging neurological diseases. In-depth study of disease signatures contributes to the development of novel target treatment for NP. In this study, we analyzed expression profiles of qualified NP datasets (GSE24982 and GSE63442) deposited at Gene Expression Omnibus database by systematic bioinformatics approaches. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes of high and low pain compared with normal control group, and between spinal nerve ligation (SNL) injury model and sham-operation group. A total of 1,243 upregulated and 1,533 downregulated genes were identified in GSE24982, 380 upregulated and 355 downregulated genes were identified in GSE63442. By comparing low-pain samples with the corresponding sham-operation group, we identified 457 upregulated and 409 downregulated genes. Overlapping genes were screened out and signaling pathway and expression regulation model analyses were performed. SCN10A and SST were identified as biomarkers for NP. In conclusion, our study showed the expression pattern of gene about NP. These identified biomarkers could serve as potential therapeutic targets for treating NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and the People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Jangnin Lu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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16
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Eijkenboom I, Sopacua M, Hoeijmakers JGJ, de Greef BTA, Lindsey P, Almomani R, Marchi M, Vanoevelen J, Smeets HJM, Waxman SG, Lauria G, Merkies ISJ, Faber CG, Gerrits MM. Yield of peripheral sodium channels gene screening in pure small fibre neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019; 90:342-352. [PMID: 30554136 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2018-319042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is common in peripheral neuropathy. Recent genetic studies have linked pathogenic voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) variants to human pain disorders. Our aims are to determine the frequency of SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A variants in patients with pure small fibre neuropathy (SFN), analyse their clinical features and provide a rationale for genetic screening. METHODS Between September 2009 and January 2017, 1139 patients diagnosed with pure SFN at our reference centre were screened for SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A variants. Pathogenicity of variants was classified according to established guidelines of the Association for Clinical Genetic Science and frequencies were determined. Patients with SFN were grouped according to the VGSC variants detected, and clinical features were compared. RESULTS Among 1139 patients with SFN, 132 (11.6%) patients harboured 73 different (potentially) pathogenic VGSC variants, of which 50 were novel and 22 were found in ≥ 1 patient. The frequency of (potentially) pathogenic variants was 5.1% (n=58/1139) for SCN9A, 3.7% (n=42/1139) for SCN10A and 2.9% (n=33/1139) for SCN11A. Only erythromelalgia-like symptoms and warmth-induced pain were significantly more common in patients harbouring VGSC variants. CONCLUSION (Potentially) pathogenic VGSC variants are present in 11.6% of patients with pure SFN. Therefore, genetic screening of SCN9A, SCN10A and SCN11A should be considered in patients with pure SFN, independently of clinical features or underlying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Eijkenboom
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Sopacua
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke G J Hoeijmakers
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca T A de Greef
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rowida Almomani
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Jo Vanoevelen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus J M Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Unit, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Centre for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ingemar S J Merkies
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Catharina G Faber
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M Gerrits
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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17
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Calhoun JD, Carvill GL. Unravelling the genetic architecture of autosomal recessive epilepsy in the genomic era. J Neurogenet 2018; 32:295-312. [PMID: 30247086 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2018.1513509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The technological advancement of next-generation sequencing has greatly accelerated the pace of variant discovery in epilepsy. Despite an initial focus on autosomal dominant epilepsy due to the tractable nature of variant discovery with trios under a de novo model, more and more variants are being reported in families with epilepsies consistent with autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance. In this review, we touch on the classical AR epilepsy variants such as the inborn errors of metabolism and malformations of cortical development. However, we also highlight recently reported genes that are being identified by next-generation sequencing approaches and online 'matchmaking' platforms. Syndromes mainly characterized by seizures and complex neurodevelopmental disorders comorbid with epilepsy are discussed as an example of the wide phenotypic spectrum associated with the AR epilepsies. We conclude with a foray into the future, from the application of whole-genome sequencing to identify elusive epilepsy variants, to the promise of precision medicine initiatives to provide novel targeted therapeutics specific to the individual based on their clinical genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Calhoun
- a Department of Neurology , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Gemma L Carvill
- a Department of Neurology , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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18
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A Recurrent De Novo PACS2 Heterozygous Missense Variant Causes Neonatal-Onset Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy, Facial Dysmorphism, and Cerebellar Dysgenesis. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:995-1007. [PMID: 29656858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) represent a large clinical and genetic heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental diseases. The identification of pathogenic genetic variants in DEEs remains crucial for deciphering this complex group and for accurately caring for affected individuals (clinical diagnosis, genetic counseling, impacting medical, precision therapy, clinical trials, etc.). Whole-exome sequencing and intensive data sharing identified a recurrent de novo PACS2 heterozygous missense variant in 14 unrelated individuals. Their phenotype was characterized by epilepsy, global developmental delay with or without autism, common cerebellar dysgenesis, and facial dysmorphism. Mixed focal and generalized epilepsy occurred in the neonatal period, controlled with difficulty in the first year, but many improved in early childhood. PACS2 is an important PACS1 paralog and encodes a multifunctional sorting protein involved in nuclear gene expression and pathway traffic regulation. Both proteins harbor cargo(furin)-binding regions (FBRs) that bind cargo proteins, sorting adaptors, and cellular kinase. Compared to the defined PACS1 recurrent variant series, individuals with PACS2 variant have more consistently neonatal/early-infantile-onset epilepsy that can be challenging to control. Cerebellar abnormalities may be similar but PACS2 individuals exhibit a pattern of clear dysgenesis ranging from mild to severe. Functional studies demonstrated that the PACS2 recurrent variant reduces the ability of the predicted autoregulatory domain to modulate the interaction between the PACS2 FBR and client proteins, which may disturb cellular function. These findings support the causality of this recurrent de novo PACS2 heterozygous missense in DEEs with facial dysmorphim and cerebellar dysgenesis.
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19
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Carpenter JC, Schorge S. The voltage-gated channelopathies as a paradigm for studying epilepsy-causing genes. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Symonds JD, Zuberi SM. Genetics update: Monogenetics, polygene disorders and the quest for modifying genes. Neuropharmacology 2017; 132:3-19. [PMID: 29037745 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The genetic channelopathies are a broad collection of diseases. Many ion channel genes demonstrate wide phenotypic pleiotropy, but nonetheless concerted efforts have been made to characterise genotype-phenotype relationships. In this review we give an overview of the factors that influence genotype-phenotype relationships across this group of diseases as a whole, using specific individual channelopathies as examples. We suggest reasons for the limitations observed in these relationships. We discuss the role of ion channel variation in polygenic disease and highlight research that has contributed to unravelling the complex aetiological nature of these conditions. We focus specifically on the quest for modifying genes in inherited channelopathies, using the voltage-gated sodium channels as an example. Epilepsy related to genetic channelopathy is one area in which precision medicine is showing promise. We will discuss the successes and limitations of precision medicine in these conditions. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Channelopathies.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Symonds
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sameer M Zuberi
- The Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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