1
|
Li X, Sheng S, Li G, Hu Y, Zhou F, Geng Z, Su J. Research Progress in Hydrogels for Cartilage Organoids. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400431. [PMID: 38768997 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The repair and regeneration of cartilage has always been a hot topic in medical research. Cartilage organoids (CORGs) are special cartilage tissue created using tissue engineering techniques outside the body. These engineered organoids tissues provide models that simulate the complex biological functions of cartilage, opening new possibilities for cartilage regenerative medicine and treatment strategies. However, it is crucial to establish suitable matrix scaffolds for the cultivation of CORGs. In recent years, utilizing hydrogel to culture stem cells and induce their differentiation into chondrocytes has emerged as a promising method for the in vitro construction of CORGs. In this review, the methods for establishing CORGs are summarized and an overview of the advantages and limitations of using matrigel in the cultivation of such organoids is provided. Furthermore, the importance of cartilage tissue ECM and alternative hydrogel substitutes for Matrigel, such as alginate, peptides, silk fibroin, and DNA derivatives is discussed, and the pros and cons of using these hydrogels for the cultivation of CORGs are outlined. Finally, the challenges and future directions in hydrogel research for CORGs are discussed. It is hoped that this article provides valuable references for the design and development of hydrogels for CORGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, 530000, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shihao Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Zhen Geng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan X, Zhu W, Yang Z, He N, Chen F, Han X, Zhou K. Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Smart Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403641. [PMID: 38861754 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The repair and functional reconstruction of bone defects resulting from severe trauma, surgical resection, degenerative disease, and congenital malformation pose significant clinical challenges. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) holds immense potential in treating these severe bone defects, without incurring prevalent complications associated with conventional autologous or allogeneic bone grafts. 3D printing technology enables control over architectural structures at multiple length scales and has been extensively employed to process biomimetic scaffolds for BTE. In contrast to inert and functional bone grafts, next-generation smart scaffolds possess a remarkable ability to mimic the dynamic nature of native extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby facilitating bone repair and regeneration. Additionally, they can generate tailored and controllable therapeutic effects, such as antibacterial or antitumor properties, in response to exogenous and/or endogenous stimuli. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the progress of 3D-printed smart scaffolds for BTE applications. It begins with an introduction to bone physiology, followed by an overview of 3D printing technologies utilized for smart scaffolds. Notable advances in various stimuli-responsive strategies, therapeutic efficacy, and applications of 3D-printed smart scaffolds are discussed. Finally, the review highlights the existing challenges in the development and clinical implementation of smart scaffolds, as well as emerging technologies in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yuan
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zhongyuan Yang
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ning He
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- National Engineering Research Centre for High Efficiency Grinding, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu X, Shen J, Zhong Y, Zhao X, Zhou W, Gao P, Wang X, An W. Large-Scale Isolation of Milk Exosomes for Skincare. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:930. [PMID: 39065627 PMCID: PMC11279399 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small membrane vesicles in a cell culture. They are secreted by most cells and originate from the endosomal pathway. A variety of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials have been shown to be carried by exosomes. Once taken up by neighboring or distant cells, the bioactive compounds in exosomes can regulate the condition of recipient cells. Typically, producing exosomes in large quantities requires cell culture, resulting in high production costs. However, exosomes are abundant in milk and can be isolated on a large scale at a low cost. In our study, we found that milk exosomes can promote the synthesis and reconstruction of stratum corneum lipids, enhance skin barrier function, and provide greater protection for the skin. Furthermore, milk exosomes have anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce skin irritation, redness, and other symptoms, giving immediate relief. They also exhibit antioxidant activity, which helps neutralize free radicals and slows down the skin aging process. Additionally, milk exosomes inhibit melanin production, aiding in skin whitening. Ongoing research has uncovered the benefits of milk exosomes for skin improvement and their application in cosmetics, skin healthcare, and other fields, and these applications are continuing to expand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xudong Wang
- China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China; (X.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (P.G.)
| | - Wenlin An
- China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China; (X.W.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.Z.); (P.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Wu Y, Li G, Zhou F, Wu X, Wang M, Liu X, Tang H, Bai L, Geng Z, Song P, Shi Z, Ren X, Su J. Engineering Large-Scale Self-Mineralizing Bone Organoids with Bone Matrix-Inspired Hydroxyapatite Hybrid Bioinks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309875. [PMID: 38642033 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Addressing large bone defects remains a significant challenge owing to the inherent limitations in self-healing capabilities, resulting in prolonged recovery and suboptimal regeneration. Although current clinical solutions are available, they have notable shortcomings, necessitating more efficacious approaches to bone regeneration. Organoids derived from stem cells show great potential in this field; however, the development of bone organoids has been hindered by specific demands, including the need for robust mechanical support provided by scaffolds and hybrid extracellular matrices (ECM). In this context, bioprinting technologies have emerged as powerful means of replicating the complex architecture of bone tissue. The research focused on the fabrication of a highly intricate bone ECM analog using a novel bioink composed of gelatin methacrylate/alginate methacrylate/hydroxyapatite (GelMA/AlgMA/HAP). Bioprinted scaffolds facilitate the long-term cultivation and progressive maturation of extensive bioprinted bone organoids, foster multicellular differentiation, and offer valuable insights into the initial stages of bone formation. The intrinsic self-mineralizing quality of the bioink closely emulates the properties of natural bone, empowering organoids with enhanced bone repair for both in vitro and in vivo applications. This trailblazing investigation propels the field of bone tissue engineering and holds significant promise for its translation into practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, P. R. China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinru Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Geng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Peiran Song
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Ren
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, National Center for Translational Medicine SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou D, Wei Y, Sheng S, Wang M, Lv J, Zhao B, Chen X, Xu K, Bai L, Wu Y, Song P, Cao L, Zhou F, Zhang H, Shi Z, Su J. MMP13-targeted siRNA-loaded micelles for diagnosis and treatment of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:378-392. [PMID: 38689658 PMCID: PMC11059470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) patients are often diagnosed by X-ray imaging at a middle-late stage when drug interventions are less effective. Early PTOA is characterized by overexpressed matrix metalloprotease 13 (MMP13). Herein, we constructed an integrated diagnosis and treatment micelle modified with MMP13 enzyme-detachable, cyanine 5 (Cy5)-containing PEG, black hole quencher-3 (BHQ3), and cRGD ligands and loaded with siRNA silencing MMP13 (siM13), namely ERMs@siM13. ERMs@siM13 could be cleaved by MMP13 in the diseased cartilage tissues to detach the PEG shell, causing cRGD exposure. Accordingly, the ligand exposure promoted micelle uptake by the diseased chondrocytes by binding to cell surface αvβ3 integrin, increasing intracellular siM13 delivery for on-demand MMP13 downregulation. Meanwhile, the Cy5 fluorescence was restored by detaching from the BHQ3-containing micelle, precisely reflecting the diseased cartilage state. In particular, the intensity of Cy5 fluorescence generated by ERMs@siM13 that hinged on the MMP13 levels could reflect the PTOA severity, enabling the physicians to adjust the therapeutic regimen. Finally, in the murine PTOA model, ERMs@siM13 could diagnose the early-stage PTOA, perform timely interventions, and monitor the OA progression level during treatment through a real-time detection of MMP13. Therefore, ERMs@siM13 represents an appealing approach for early-stage PTOA theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- College of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shihao Sheng
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, China
| | - Jiajing Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- College of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Bowen Zhao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- College of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Peiran Song
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liehu Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201908, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongmin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedic, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu F, Wang T, Wang G, Yan C, He B, Qiao B. The Exosome-Mediated Bone Regeneration: An Advanced Horizon Toward the Isolation, Engineering, Carrying Modalities, and Mechanisms. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400293. [PMID: 38426417 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, nanoparticles secreted by various cells, composed of a bilayer lipid membrane, and containing bioactive substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, etc., have been intensively investigated in tissue engineering owing to their high biocompatibility and versatile biofunction. However, there is still a lack of a high-quality review on bone defect regeneration potentiated by exosomes. In this review, the biogenesis and isolation methods of exosomes are first introduced. More importantly, the engineered exosomes of the current state of knowledge are discussed intensively in this review. Afterward, the biomaterial carriers of exosomes and the mechanisms of bone repair elucidated by compelling evidence are presented. Thus, future perspectives and concerns are revealed to help devise advanced modalities based on exosomes to overcome the challenges of bone regeneration. It is totally believed this review will attract special attention from clinicians and provide promising ideas for their future works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fukang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Taiyou Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Guangjian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, P. R. China
| | - Caiping Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Bo Qiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang P, Chen W, Li B, Yang S, Li W, Zhao S, Ning J, Zhou X, Cheng F. Exosomes on the development and progression of renal fibrosis. Cell Prolif 2024:e13677. [PMID: 38898750 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a prevalent pathological alteration that occurs throughout the progression of primary and secondary renal disorders towards end-stage renal disease. As a complex and irreversible pathophysiological phenomenon, it includes a sequence of intricate regulatory processes at the molecular and cellular levels. Exosomes are a distinct category of extracellular vesicles that play a crucial role in facilitating intercellular communication. Multiple pathways are regulated by exosomes produced by various cell types, including tubular epithelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells, in the context of renal fibrosis. Furthermore, research has shown that exosomes present in bodily fluids, including urine and blood, may be indicators of renal fibrosis. However, the regulatory mechanism of exosomes in renal fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. This article reviewed and analysed the various mechanisms by which exosomes regulate renal fibrosis, which may provide new ideas for further study of the pathophysiological process of renal fibrosis and targeted treatment of renal fibrosis with exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peihan Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Bojun Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Songyuan Yang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhuo Ning
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu C, Zhang Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Qing Y, Zhang Z, Xu L, Yu OY, Cao Y, Liu Y, Song K. IRE1α pathway: A potential bone metabolism mediator. Cell Prolif 2024:e13654. [PMID: 38736291 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts collaborate in bone metabolism, facilitating bone development, maintaining normal bone density and strength, and aiding in the repair of pathological damage. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can disrupt the intracellular equilibrium between osteoclast and osteoblast, resulting in dysfunctional bone metabolism. The inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) pathway-the most conservative unfolded protein response pathway activated by ERS-is crucial in regulating cell metabolism. This involvement encompasses functions such as inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Many studies have highlighted the potential roles of the IRE1α pathway in osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts and its implication in certain bone-related diseases. These findings suggest that it may serve as a mediator for bone metabolism. However, relevant reviews on the role of the IRE1α pathway in bone metabolism remain unavailable. Therefore, this review aims to explore recent research that elucidated the intricate roles of the IRE1α pathway in bone metabolism, specifically in osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and osteo-immunology. The findings may provide novel insights into regulating bone metabolism and treating bone-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Qing
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianyi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang J, Wang X, Lin X, Wu C. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a regulator and carrier for targeting bone-related diseases. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:212. [PMID: 38697996 PMCID: PMC11066013 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating threat of bone-related diseases poses a significant challenge to human health. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), as inherent cell-secreted natural products, have emerged as promising treatments for bone-related diseases. Leveraging outstanding features such as high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, superior biological barrier penetration, and extended circulating half-life, MSC-EVs serve as potent carriers for microRNAs (miRNAs), long no-code RNAs (lncRNAs), and other biomolecules. These cargo molecules play pivotal roles in orchestrating bone metabolism and vascularity through diverse mechanisms, thereby contributing to the amelioration of bone diseases. Additionally, engineering modifications enhance the bone-targeting ability of MSC-EVs, mitigating systemic side effects and bolstering their clinical translational potential. This review comprehensively explores the mechanisms through which MSC-EVs regulate bone-related disease progression. It delves into the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs as adept drug carriers, augmented by engineered modification strategies tailored for osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, and osteosarcoma. In conclusion, the exceptional promise exhibited by MSC-EVs positions them as an excellent solution with considerable translational applications in clinical orthopedics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Tang
- Orthopaedics Center, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Tan mu lin Street 19#, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Orthopaedics Center, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Tan mu lin Street 19#, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Orthopaedics Center, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Tan mu lin Street 19#, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Orthopaedics Center, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Tan mu lin Street 19#, Zigong, 643099, Sichuan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu C, Xu P, Zhang J, He S, Hua T, Huang A. Exosomal noncoding RNAs in gynecological cancers: implications for therapy resistance and biomarkers. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1349474. [PMID: 38737906 PMCID: PMC11082286 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1349474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers, including ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), pose a serious threat to women's health and quality of life due to their high incidence and lethality. Therapeutic resistance in tumors refers to reduced sensitivity of tumor cells to therapeutic drugs or radiation, which compromises the efficacy of treatment or renders it ineffective. Therapeutic resistance significantly contributes to treatment failure in gynecologic tumors, although the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles released and received by distinct kinds of cells. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and RNAs closely linked to their origins and functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomal ncRNAs may be involved in intercellular communication and can modulate the progression of tumorigenesis, aggravation and metastasis, tumor microenvironment (TME), and drug resistance. Besides, exosomal ncRNAs also have the potential to become significant diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various of diseases. In this paper, we reviewed the biological roles and mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in the drug resistance of gynecologic tumors, as well as explored the potential of exosomal ncRNAs acting as the liquid biopsy molecular markers in gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aiwu Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Hangzhou Lin'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saba E, Sandhu MA, Pelagalli A. Canine Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Exosomes: State-of-the-Art Characterization, Functional Analysis and Applications in Various Diseases. Vet Sci 2024; 11:187. [PMID: 38787159 PMCID: PMC11126113 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types and secrete a wide range of bioactive molecules in the form of soluble and membrane-bound exosomes. Extracellular vesicles/exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids and can modulate recipient cell response in various ways. The process of exosome formation is a physiological interaction between cells. With a significant increase in basic research over the last two decades, there has been a tremendous expansion in research in MSC exosomes and their potential applications in canine disease models. The characterization of exosomes has demonstrated considerable variations in terms of source, culture conditions of MSCs, and the inclusion of fetal bovine serum or platelet lysate in the cell cultures. Furthermore, the amalgamation of exosomes with various nano-materials has become a novel approach to the fabrication of nano-exosomes. The fabrication of exosomes necessitates the elimination of extrinsic proteins, thus enhancing their potential therapeutic uses in a variety of disease models, including spinal cord injury, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. This review summarizes current knowledge on the characteristics, biological functions, and clinical relevance of canine MSC exosomes and their potential use in human and canine research. As discussed, exosomes have the ability to control lethal vertebrate diseases by administration directly at the injury site or through specific drug delivery mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Saba
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (E.S.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Mansur Abdullah Sandhu
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; (E.S.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Alessandra Pelagalli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages, National Research Council, Via De Amicis 95, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Z, Song P, Li G, Han Y, Ren X, Bai L, Su J. AI energized hydrogel design, optimization and application in biomedicine. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101014. [PMID: 38464497 PMCID: PMC10924066 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional hydrogel design and optimization methods usually rely on repeated experiments, which is time-consuming and expensive, resulting in a slow-moving of advanced hydrogel development. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and increasing material data, AI-energized design and optimization of hydrogels for biomedical applications has emerged as a revolutionary breakthrough in materials science. This review begins by outlining the history of AI and the potential advantages of using AI in the design and optimization of hydrogels, such as prediction and optimization of properties, multi-attribute optimization, high-throughput screening, automated material discovery, optimizing experimental design, and etc. Then, we focus on the various applications of hydrogels supported by AI technology in biomedicine, including drug delivery, bio-inks for advanced manufacturing, tissue repair, and biosensors, so as to provide a clear and comprehensive understanding of researchers in this field. Finally, we discuss the future directions and prospects, and provide a new perspective for the research and development of novel hydrogel materials for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Peiran Song
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yafei Han
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Ren
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Long Bai
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu H, Song P, Zhang H, Zhou F, Ji N, Wang M, Zhou G, Han R, Liu X, Weng W, Tan H, Wang S, Zheng L, Jing Y, Su J. Synthetic biology-based bacterial extracellular vesicles displaying BMP-2 and CXCR4 to ameliorate osteoporosis. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12429. [PMID: 38576241 PMCID: PMC10995478 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systematic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and fragile bone microarchitecture. Conventional treatment for OP has limited efficacy and long-term toxicity. Synthetic biology makes bacterial extracellular vesicle (BEVs)-based therapeutic strategies a promising alternative for the treatment of OP. Here, we constructed a recombinant probiotics Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-pET28a-ClyA-BMP-2-CXCR4 (ECN-pClyA-BMP-2-CXCR4), in which BMP-2 and CXCR4 were overexpressed in fusion with BEVs surface protein ClyA. Subsequently, we isolated engineered BEVs-BMP-2-CXCR4 (BEVs-BC) for OP therapy. The engineered BEVs-BC exhibited great bone targeting in vivo. In addition, BEVs-BC had good biocompatibility and remarkable ability to promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Finally, the synthetic biology-based BEVs-BC significantly prevented the OP in an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model. In conclusion, we constructed BEVs-BC with both bone-targeting and bone-forming in one-step using synthetic biology, which provides an effective strategy for OP and has great potential for industrialization.
Collapse
|
14
|
Li S, Rong Q, Zhou Y, Che Y, Ye Z, Liu J, Wang J, Zhou M. Osteogenically committed hUCMSCs-derived exosomes promote the recovery of critical-sized bone defects with enhanced osteogenic properties. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:016107. [PMID: 38327715 PMCID: PMC10849773 DOI: 10.1063/5.0159740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Low viability of seed cells and the concern about biosafety restrict the application of cell-based tissue-engineered bone (TEB). Exosomes that bear similar bioactivities to donor cells display strong stability and low immunogenicity. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (hUCMSCs-Exos) show therapeutic efficacy in various diseases. However, little is known whether hUCMSCs-Exos can be used to construct TEB to repair bone defects. Herein, PM-Exos and OM-Exos were separately harvested from hUCMSCs which were cultured in proliferation medium (PM) or osteogenic induction medium (OM). A series of in-vitro studies were performed to evaluate the bioactivities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) when co-cultured with PM-Exos or OM-Exos. Differential microRNAs (miRNAs) between PM-Exos and OM-Exos were sequenced and analyzed. Furthermore, PM-Exos and OM-Exos were incorporated in 3D printed tricalcium phosphate scaffolds to build TEBs for the repair of critical-sized calvarial bone defects in rats. Results showed that PM-Exos and OM-Exos bore similar morphology and size. They expressed representative surface markers of exosomes and could be internalized by hBMSCs to promote cellular migration and proliferation. OM-Exos outweighed PM-Exos in accelerating the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, which might be attributed to the differentially expressed miRNAs. Furthermore, OM-Exos sustainably released from the scaffolds, and the resultant TEB showed a better reparative outcome than that of the PM-Exos group. Our study found that exosomes isolated from osteogenically committed hUCMSCs prominently facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. TEB grafts functionalized by OM-Exos bear a promising application potential for the repair of large bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuejuan Che
- Department of Anesthesia, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ziming Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Junfang Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jinheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel/Fax: +86 020 33976070
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cao L, Ouyang H. Intercellular crosstalk between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts via exosomes in gastrointestinal tumors. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1374742. [PMID: 38463229 PMCID: PMC10920350 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1374742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are a significant global health threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Exosomes contain various biologically active molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and can serve as messengers for intercellular communication. They play critical roles in the exchange of information between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME consists of mesenchymal cells and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), with fibroblasts being the most abundant cell type in the tumor mesenchyme. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are derived from normal fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells that are activated in the TME. CAFs can secrete exosomes to modulate cell proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, and other biological processes in tumors. Additionally, tumor cells can manipulate the function and behavior of fibroblasts through direct cell-cell interactions. This review provides a summary of the intercellular crosstalk between GI tumor cells and CAFs through exosomes, along with potential underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longyang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Linan District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Peoples' Hospital of Hangzhou Linan District, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Du S, Zhou X, Zheng B. Beyond Traditional Medicine: EVs-Loaded Hydrogels as a Game Changer in Disease Therapeutics. Gels 2024; 10:162. [PMID: 38534580 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have shown great therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases, as they can target cells or tissues. However, the therapeutic effect of EVs is limited due to the susceptibility of EVs to immune system clearance during transport in vivo. Hydrogels have become an ideal delivery platform for EVs due to their good biocompatibility and porous structure. This article reviews the preparation and application of EVs-loaded hydrogels as a cell-free therapy strategy in the treatment of diseases. The article also discusses the challenges and future outlook of EVs-loaded hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Du
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhou
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fang F, Yang J, Wang J, Li T, Wang E, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhou C. The role and applications of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:4. [PMID: 38263267 PMCID: PMC10806231 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture, which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures. The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts. EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis. Specifically, EVs released by osteoblasts, endothelial cells, myocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins, miRNAs, and cytokines. Conversely, EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation. Furthermore, the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising. Here, we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis, including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis. Furthermore, we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Erxiang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang H, Chen P, Feng X, Qian Y, Peng Z, Zhang T, Wang Q. Translational studies of exosomes in sports medicine - a mini-review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1339669. [PMID: 38259444 PMCID: PMC10800726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review in sports medicine focuses on the critical role of exosomes in managing chronic conditions and enhancing athletic performance. Exosomes, small vesicles produced by various cells, are essential for cellular communication and transporting molecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Originating from the endoplasmic reticulum, they play a vital role in modulating inflammation and tissue repair. Their significance in sports medicine is increasingly recognized, particularly in healing athletic injuries, improving articular cartilage lesions, and osteoarthritic conditions by modulating cellular behavior and aiding tissue regeneration. Investigations also highlight their potential in boosting athletic performance, especially through myocytes-derived exosomes that may enhance adaptability to physical training. Emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach, this review underlines the need to thoroughly understand exosome biology, including their pathways and classifications, to fully exploit their therapeutic potential. It outlines future directions in sports medicine, focusing on personalized treatments, clinical evaluations, and embracing technological advancements. This research represents a frontier in using exosomes to improve athletes' health and performance capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinting Feng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijian Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|