1
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Hou L, Niu Y, Jiang Y, Jiao T, Guo Y, Zhou Y, Gao F. Insulin amyloid fibrils-templated rational self-assembly of vine-tree-like PtRh nanocatalysts for efficient methanol electrooxidation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Rossi S, Bisello A, Cardena R, Santi S. Testing the Conjugative Properties of Benzodithiophene and Benzotrithiophene in Charge Transfer Multi(ferrocenyl) Systems. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bisello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Cardena
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Saverio Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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3
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Wonanke ADD, Crittenden DL. Beyond the Woodward-Hoffman Rules: What Controls Reactivity in Eliminative Aromatic Ring-Forming Reactions? Aust J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/ch17564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Mallory (photocyclization) and Scholl (thermal cyclohydrogenation) reactions are widely used in the synthesis of extended conjugated π systems of high scientific interest and technological importance, including molecular wires, semiconducting polymers, and nanographenes. While simple electrocyclization reactions obey the Woodward-Hoffman rules, no such simple, general, and powerful model is available for eliminative cyclization reactions due to their increased mechanistic complexity. In this work, detailed mechanistic investigations of prototypical reactions reveal that there is no single rate-determining step for thermal oxidative dehydrogenation reactions, but they are very sensitive to the presence and distribution of heteroatoms around the photocyclizing ring system. Key aspects of reactivity are correlated to the constituent ring oxidation potentials. For photocyclization reactions, planarization occurs readily and/or spontaneously following photo-excitation, and is promoted by heteroatoms within 5-membered ring adjacent to the photocyclizing site. Oxidative photocyclization requires intersystem crossing to proceed to products, while reactants configured to undergo purely eliminative photocyclization could proceed to products entirely in the excited state. Overall, oxidative photocyclization seems to strike the optimal balance between synthetic convenience (ease of preparation of reactants, mild conditions, tolerant to chemical diversity in reactants) and favourable kinetic and thermodynamic properties.
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4
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Zhao X, Chaudhry ST, Mei J. Heterocyclic Building Blocks for Organic Semiconductors. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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A comparative study of the electronic spectra, fluorescence quantum yields, cyclic voltammograms and theoretical calculations of phenanthrene-type benzodifurans. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Wang XY, Zhuang FD, Wang JY, Pei J. Incorporation of polycyclic azaborine compounds into polythiophene-type conjugated polymers for organic field-effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:17532-5. [PMID: 26452002 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06927k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A thiophene-fused polycyclic azaborine skeleton was employed into conjugated polymers for organic field-effect transistors for the first time. Two polythiophene-type polymers were developed, which exhibited low HOMO levels and strong intermolecular interactions, leading to a hole mobility of up to 0.38 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ye Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Fang-Dong Zhuang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
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7
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Cheng N, Ma Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Liu C. Structures and photoelectric properties of five benzotrithiophene isomers-based donor-acceptor copolymers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 159:262-268. [PMID: 26881340 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the structures, electronic and optical properties of five conjugated copolymers (BTT1-BTz, BTT2-BTz, BTT3-BTz, BTT4-BTz and BTT5-BTz) featuring benzotrithiophene (BTT) isomers as donor units and benzothiadiazole (BTz) as acceptor units, linked through thiophene spacers, employing many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). We have explored the isomer effects by configuration of the sulfur atoms in BTT units, aimed to get insight into how the structural modifications to the conjugated backbone can influence the molecular structures and electronic properties of conjugated polymers. Using the trimer as the computational model, the calculated low and high energy absorption bands (660 and 413 nm) for BTT1-BTz agree well with the experimental ones (645 and 430 nm) with a small offset of ~15 nm. On the basis of our calculations, it is found that the backbones of these polymers display different coplanarities, with the dihedral angles between the two neighboring rings varying from 12.3° to 79.0°. Importantly, both BTT1-BTz and BTT2-BTz exhibit intense adsorption around 660 and 623 nm, indicating their promising application in solar cells, whereas BTT3-BTz and BTT4-BTz display the intense adsorption at 569 and 551 nm, which are also usable in the tandem solar cells. BTT5-BTz has narrow and weak adsorption in the visible and infrared region, implying it is not conducive to the sunlight absorption. The blue shift of about 150 nm from BTT1-BTz to BTT5-BTz is suggested to be originated from the shorter effective conjugation lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Changqiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Chengbu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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8
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Koldemir U, Puniredd SR, Wagner M, Tongay S, McCarley TD, Kamenov GD, Müllen K, Pisula W, Reynolds JR. End Capping Does Matter: Enhanced Order and Charge Transport in Conjugated Donor–Acceptor Polymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreenivasa Reddy Puniredd
- Max Planck
Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, 117602 Singapore
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck
Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sefaattin Tongay
- Materials
Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport
and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tracy D. McCarley
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | | | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck
Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck
Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - John R. Reynolds
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering,
Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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9
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Jiang Y, Yang M, Huang X, Gao J, Zhan C, Xiao S. A novel donor–acceptor alternating copolymer based on angular-shaped benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b′]diselenophene for bulk heterojunction solar cells. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01519c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new D–A copolymer PBDSe-DTBT, based on the angular-shaped benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene (BDP) unit with a selenium substitution, having both a low optical band gap of 1.71 eV and a deep HOMO level of −5.37 eV, has offered a promising average BHJ device efficiency of 5.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
| | - Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
| | - Chun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
| | - Shengqiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- WUT-USG Joint Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P.R. China
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10
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Schnapperelle I, Bach T. Modular Synthesis of Phenanthro[9,10-c]thiophenes by a Sequence of CH Activation, Suzuki Cross-Coupling and Photocyclization Reactions. Chemistry 2014; 20:9725-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Osaka I, Komatsu K, Koganezawa T, Takimiya K. 5, 10-linked naphthodithiophenes as the building block for semiconducting polymers. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2014; 15:024201. [PMID: 27877654 PMCID: PMC5090405 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/15/2/024201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present new semiconducting polymers incorporating naphtho[1, 2-b:5, 6-b'] dithiophene (NDT3) and naphtho[2, 1-b:6, 5-b'] dithiophene (NDT4), which are linked at the naphthalene positions, in the polymer backbone. It is interesting that the trend in the ordering structure and thus charge transport properties are quite different from what were observed in the isomeric polymers where the NDT3 and NDT4 cores are linked at the thiophene α-positions. In the thiophene-linked NDT system, the NDT3-based polymer (PNDT3BT) gave the better ordering in thin films and thus the high charge carrier mobility compared to the NDT4-based polymer (PNDT4BT). In the meantime, in the naphthalene-linked NDT system, the NDT4-based polymer (PNDT4iBT) provided the superior properties. Considering that PNDT4iBT has relatively low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level (-5.2 eV) and moderately high mobilities in the order of 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1, the NDT4 core, when linked at the naphthalene positions, can be a good building unit for the development of high-performance semiconducting polymers for both organic field-effect transistors and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Osaka
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Koki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Emergent Molecular Function Research Group, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
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12
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P3HT and Other Polythiophene Field-Effect Transistors. P3HT REVISITED – FROM MOLECULAR SCALE TO SOLAR CELL DEVICES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2014_279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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13
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14
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15
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Lee TH, Wu KY, Lin TY, Wu JS, Wang CL, Hsu CS. Role of the Comonomeric Units in Reaching Linear Backbone, High Solid-State Order and Charge Mobilities in Heptacyclic Arene-Based Alternating Copolymers. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4012973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Hsin Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yen Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jhong-Sian Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsin-Chu, 30010, Taiwan
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16
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Zhao Z, Zhang F, Zhang X, Yang X, Li H, Gao X, Di CA, Zhu D. 1,2,5,6-Naphthalenediimide Based Donor–Acceptor Copolymers Designed from Isomer Chemistry for Organic Semiconducting Materials. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4013994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Laboratory
of Materials Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic
Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongxiang Li
- Laboratory
of Materials Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xike Gao
- Laboratory
of Materials Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chong-an Di
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic
Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Laboratory
of Materials Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic
Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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17
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Bujak P, Kulszewicz-Bajer I, Zagorska M, Maurel V, Wielgus I, Pron A. Polymers for electronics and spintronics. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8895-999. [PMID: 24030727 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60257e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This critical review is devoted to semiconducting and high spin polymers which are of great scientific interest in view of further development of the organic electronics and the emerging organic spintronic fields. Diversified synthetic strategies are discussed in detail leading to high molecular mass compounds showing appropriate redox (ionization potential (IP), electron affinity (EA)), electronic (charge carrier mobility, conductivity), optoelectronic (electroluminescence, photoconductivity) and magnetic (magnetization, ferromagnetic spin interactions) properties and used as active components of devices such as n- and p-channel field effect transistors, ambipolar light emitting transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, photodiodes, magnetic photoswitches, etc. Solution processing procedures developed with the goal of depositing highly ordered and oriented films of these polymers are also described. This is completed by the description of principal methods that are used for characterizing these macromolecular compounds both in solution and in the solid state. These involve various spectroscopic methods (UV-vis-NIR, UPS, pulse EPR), electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry, magnetic measurements (SQUID), and structural and morphological investigations (X-ray diffraction, STM, AFM). Finally, four classes of polymers are discussed in detail with special emphasis on the results obtained in the past three years: (i) high IP, (ii) high |EA|, (iii) low band gap and (iv) high spin ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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18
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Baeg KJ, Caironi M, Noh YY. Toward printed integrated circuits based on unipolar or ambipolar polymer semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:4210-44. [PMID: 23761043 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201205361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
For at least the past ten years printed electronics has promised to revolutionize our daily life by making cost-effective electronic circuits and sensors available through mass production techniques, for their ubiquitous applications in wearable components, rollable and conformable devices, and point-of-care applications. While passive components, such as conductors, resistors and capacitors, had already been fabricated by printing techniques at industrial scale, printing processes have been struggling to meet the requirements for mass-produced electronics and optoelectronics applications despite their great potential. In the case of logic integrated circuits (ICs), which constitute the focus of this Progress Report, the main limitations have been represented by the need of suitable functional inks, mainly high-mobility printable semiconductors and low sintering temperature conducting inks, and evoluted printing tools capable of higher resolution, registration and uniformity than needed in the conventional graphic arts printing sector. Solution-processable polymeric semiconductors are the best candidates to fulfill the requirements for printed logic ICs on flexible substrates, due to their superior processability, ease of tuning of their rheology parameters, and mechanical properties. One of the strongest limitations has been mainly represented by the low charge carrier mobility (μ) achievable with polymeric, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). However, recently unprecedented values of μ ∼ 10 cm(2) /Vs have been achieved with solution-processed polymer based OFETs, a value competing with mobilities reported in organic single-crystals and exceeding the performances enabled by amorphous silicon (a-Si). Interestingly these values were achieved thanks to the design and synthesis of donor-acceptor copolymers, showing limited degree of order when processed in thin films and therefore fostering further studies on the reason leading to such improved charge transport properties. Among this class of materials, various polymers can show well balanced electrons and holes mobility, therefore being indicated as ambipolar semiconductors, good environmental stability, and a small band-gap, which simplifies the tuning of charge injection. This opened up the possibility of taking advantage of the superior performances offered by complementary "CMOS-like" logic for the design of digital ICs, easing the scaling down of critical geometrical features, and achieving higher complexity from robust single gates (e.g., inverters) and test circuits (e.g., ring oscillators) to more complete circuits. Here, we review the recent progress in the development of printed ICs based on polymeric semiconductors suitable for large-volume micro- and nano-electronics applications. Particular attention is paid to the strategies proposed in the literature to design and synthesize high mobility polymers and to develop suitable printing tools and techniques to allow for improved patterning capability required for the down-scaling of devices in order to achieve the operation frequencies needed for applications, such as flexible radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, near-field communication (NFC) devices, ambient electronics, and portable flexible displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Jun Baeg
- Nano Carbon Materials Research Group, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), 12, Bulmosan-ro 10beon-gil, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 642-120, Republic of Korea
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19
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Hong JA, Kim R, Yun HJ, Park JM, Shin SC, Kim YH. A Benzodithiophene-based Semiconducting Polymer for Organic Thin Film Transistor. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.4.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Cabanetos C, El Labban A, Bartelt JA, Douglas JD, Mateker WR, Fréchet JMJ, McGehee MD, Beaujuge PM. Linear Side Chains in Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene–Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione Polymers Direct Self-Assembly and Solar Cell Performance. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4656-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja400365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 625] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Cabanetos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman El Labban
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonathan A. Bartelt
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford,
California 94305, United States
| | - Jessica D. Douglas
- Department of Chemistry and Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - William R. Mateker
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford,
California 94305, United States
| | - Jean M. J. Fréchet
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900,
Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry and Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael D. McGehee
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford,
California 94305, United States
| | - Pierre M. Beaujuge
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900,
Saudi Arabia
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21
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Stuart AC, Tumbleston JR, Zhou H, Li W, Liu S, Ade H, You W. Fluorine Substituents Reduce Charge Recombination and Drive Structure and Morphology Development in Polymer Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:1806-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja309289u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John R. Tumbleston
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
| | | | | | | | - Harald Ade
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
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22
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Shin J, Um HA, Lee DH, Lee TW, Cho MJ, Choi DH. High mobility isoindigo-based π-extended conjugated polymers bearing di(thienyl)ethylene in thin-film transistors. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00735a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Deng Y, Chen Y, Zhang X, Tian H, Bao C, Yan D, Geng Y, Wang F. Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers with Dithienocarbazoles as Donor Units: Effect of Structure on Semiconducting Properties. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301864f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yagang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
| | - Hongkun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
| | - Cheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
| | - Donghang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
| | - Fosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R.
China
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25
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Fu C, Rosei F, Perepichka DF. 2D self-assembly of fused oligothiophenes: molecular control of morphology. ACS NANO 2012; 6:7973-7980. [PMID: 22871038 DOI: 10.1021/nn3025139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and properties of two π-functional heteroaromatic tetracarboxylic acids (isomeric tetrathienoanthracene derivatives 2-TTATA and 3-TTATA) and their self-assembly on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Using scanning tunneling microscopy at the liquid-solid interface we show how slight geometric differences between the two isomers (position of sulfur in the molecule) lead to dramatic changes in monolayer structure. While 3-TTATA self-assembles exclusively in a highly ordered porous network via dimeric R(2)(2)(8) hydrogen-bonding connection (synthon), 2-TTATA is polymorphic, forming a less ordered porous network via R(2)(2)(8) synthons as well as a close-packed network via rare tetrameric R(4)(4)(16) synthons. Density functional theory calculations show that the self-assembly direction is governed by the angle between the carboxylic groups and secondary interactions with sulfur atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 0B8
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26
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Chen Y, Liu C, Tian H, Bao C, Zhang X, Yan D, Geng Y, Wang F. Novel Conjugated Polymers Based on Dithieno[3,2-b
:6,7-b
]carbazole for Solution Processed Thin-Film Transistors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1759-64. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Guo X, Puniredd SR, Baumgarten M, Pisula W, Müllen K. Benzotrithiophene-Based Donor–Acceptor Copolymers with Distinct Supramolecular Organizations. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8404-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302957s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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28
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Watanabe M, Tsuchiya K, Shinnai T, Kijima M. Liquid Crystalline Polythiophene Bearing Phenylnaphthalene Side-Chain. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Watanabe
- Institute of Materials Science, Graduate
School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary
Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Tsuchiya
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 1-7-1 Inari, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Shinnai
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 1-7-1 Inari, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Masashi Kijima
- Institute of Materials Science, Graduate
School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary
Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of
Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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29
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Liu Y, Wang H, Dong H, Tan J, Hu W, Zhan X. Synthesis of a Conjugated Polymer with Broad Absorption and Its Application in High-Performance Phototransistors. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202582n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiahui Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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30
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Zhou H, Yang L, You W. Rational Design of High Performance Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201648t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1332] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Liqiang Yang
- Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3287, United States
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
- Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3287, United States
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31
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Li Y, Sonar P, Singh SP, Ooi ZE, Lek ESH, Loh MQY. Poly(2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-di(furan-2-yl)-2,5-dihydro-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione-co-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene): a high performance polymer semiconductor for both organic thin film transistors and organic photovoltaics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:7162-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40937b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Arulkashmir A, Mahale RY, Dharmapurikar SS, Jangid MK, Krishnamoorthy K. Supramolecular interaction facilitated small molecule films for organic field effect transistors. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20146a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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33
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Wang C, Dong H, Hu W, Liu Y, Zhu D. Semiconducting π-Conjugated Systems in Field-Effect Transistors: A Material Odyssey of Organic Electronics. Chem Rev 2011; 112:2208-67. [PMID: 22111507 DOI: 10.1021/cr100380z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2035] [Impact Index Per Article: 156.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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34
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Jiang JM, Yang PA, Hsieh TH, Wei KH. Crystalline Low-Band Gap Polymers Comprising Thiophene and 2,1,3-Benzooxadiazole Units for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201848z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 300 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-An Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 300 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 300 Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 300 Hsinchu, Taiwan
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35
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Guo X, Wang S, Enkelmann V, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Making Benzotrithiophene a Stronger Electron Donor. Org Lett 2011; 13:6062-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2025372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Suhao Wang
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Enkelmann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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36
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Usta H, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. n-Channel semiconductor materials design for organic complementary circuits. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:501-10. [PMID: 21615105 DOI: 10.1021/ar200006r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have unique properties compared to traditional inorganic materials such as amorphous or crystalline silicon. Some important advantages include their adaptability to low-temperature processing on flexible substrates, low cost, amenability to high-speed fabrication, and tunable electronic properties. These features are essential for a variety of next-generation electronic products, including low-power flexible displays, inexpensive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, and printable sensors, among many other applications. Accordingly, the preparation of new materials based on π-conjugated organic molecules or polymers has been a central scientific and technological research focus over the past decade. Currently, p-channel (hole-transporting) materials are the leading class of organic semiconductors. In contrast, high-performance n-channel (electron-transporting) semiconductors are relatively rare, but they are of great significance for the development of plastic electronic devices such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). In this Account, we highlight the advances our team has made toward realizing moderately and highly electron-deficient n-channel oligomers and polymers based on oligothiophene, arylenediimide, and (bis)indenofluorene skeletons. We have synthesized and characterized a "library" of structurally related semiconductors, and we have investigated detailed structure-property relationships through optical, electrochemical, thermal, microstructural (both single-crystal and thin-film), and electrical measurements. Our results reveal highly informative correlations between structural parameters at various length scales and charge transport properties. We first discuss oligothiophenes functionalized with perfluoroalkyl and perfluoroarene substituents, which represent the initial examples of high-performance n-channel semiconductors developed in this project. The OFET characteristics of these compounds are presented with an emphasis on structure-property relationships. We then examine the synthesis and properties of carbonyl-functionalized oligomers, which constitute second-generation n-channel oligothiophenes, in both vacuum- and solution-processed FETs. These materials have high carrier mobilities and good air stability. In parallel, exceptionally electron-deficient cyano-functionalized arylenediimide derivatives are discussed as early examples of thermodynamically air-stable, high-performance n-channel semiconductors; they exhibit record electron mobilities of up to 0.64 cm(2)/V·s. Furthermore, we provide an overview of highly soluble ladder-type macromolecular semiconductors as OFET components, which combine ambient stability with solution processibility. A high electron mobility of 0.16 cm(2)/V·s is obtained under ambient conditions for solution-processed films. Finally, examples of polymeric n-channel semiconductors with electron mobilities as high as 0.85 cm(2)/V·s are discussed; these constitute an important advance toward fully printed polymeric electronic circuitry. Density functional theory (DFT) computations reveal important trends in molecular physicochemical and semiconducting properties, which, when combined with experimental data, shed new light on molecular charge transport characteristics. Our data provide the basis for a fundamental understanding of charge transport in high-performance n-channel organic semiconductors. Moreover, our results provide a road map for developing functional, complementary organic circuitry, which requires combining p- and n-channel transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Usta
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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37
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Chen Y, Tian H, Yan D, Geng Y, Wang F. Conjugated Polymers Based on a S- and N-Containing Heteroarene: Synthesis, Characterization, and Semiconducting Properties. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2007249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yagang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongkun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Donghang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Fosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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38
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Wang H, Shi Q, Lin Y, Fan H, Cheng P, Zhan X, Li Y, Zhu D. Conjugated Polymers Based on a New Building Block: Dithienophthalimide. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2003097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinqin Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haijun Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pei Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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39
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Osaka I, Abe T, Shinamura S, Takimiya K. Impact of Isomeric Structures on Transistor Performances in Naphthodithiophene Semiconducting Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6852-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201591a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Osaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Toru Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Materials Research, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
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40
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Zhan X. High-Mobility Conjugated Polymers Based on Fused-Thiophene Building Blocks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Zheng Q, Chen S, Zhang B, Wang L, Tang C, Katz HE. Highly Soluble Heteroheptacene: A New Building Block for p-Type Semiconducting Polymers. Org Lett 2010; 13:324-7. [PMID: 21155600 DOI: 10.1021/ol102806x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Shanci Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Lixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Changquan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Howard E. Katz
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 102 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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42
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Meyer A, Sigmund E, Luppertz F, Schnakenburg G, Gadaczek I, Bredow T, Jester SS, Höger S. Syntheses and properties of thienyl-substituted dithienophenazines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:1180-7. [PMID: 21160561 PMCID: PMC3001992 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of dithienophenazines with different lengths of the oligomeric thiophene units (quaterthiophenes and sexithiophenes) was synthesized. The thiophene and phenazine units act as electron donors and acceptors, respectively, resulting in characteristic absorption spectra. The optical spectra were calculated using time-dependent density functional theory at the B3LYP/TZVP level and verify the experimental data. Adsorption of the dithienophenazines on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, showing that one of the compounds forms highly organized self-assembled monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Meyer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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43
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Yuan M, Rice AH, Luscombe CK. Benzo[2,1-b
;3,4-b
′]dithiophene-based low-bandgap polymers for photovoltaic applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Osaka I, Takimiya K, McCullough RD. Benzobisthiazole-based semiconducting copolymers showing excellent environmental stability in high-humidity air. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:4993-4997. [PMID: 20824667 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Osaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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45
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Yuan MC, Chiu MY, Liu SP, Chen CM, Wei KH. A Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-Based Donor−Acceptor Polymer Exhibiting High Crystallinity for Photovoltaic Applications. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Chuan Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30049 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mao-Yuan Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30049 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Pin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30049 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Min Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30049 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30049 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
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Rieger R, Beckmann D, Pisula W, Kastler M, Müllen K. Tetrathiahexacene as Building Block for Solution-Processable Semiconducting Polymers: Exploring the Monomer Size Limit. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101183b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Rieger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Beckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcel Kastler
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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47
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Leenen MA, Cucinotta F, Pisula W, Steiger J, Anselmann R, Thiem H, De Cola L. Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-based copolymers applied in bottom-contact field-effect transistors. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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48
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Leenen MAM, Meyer T, Cucinotta F, Thiem H, Anselmann R, De Cola L. Synthesis, characterization, and field-effect transistor performance of poly[2,6-bis(3-tridecanoxythiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b′]dithiophene]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Osaka I, Abe T, Shinamura S, Miyazaki E, Takimiya K. High-Mobility Semiconducting Naphthodithiophene Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:5000-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja101125p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Osaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Toru Abe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Eigo Miyazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takimiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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50
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Rieger R, Enkelmann V, Müllen K. Charge-Transfer Controlled Crystallization of a Model Oligomer for Donor-Acceptor-Polythiophenes. MATERIALS 2010. [PMCID: PMC5445869 DOI: 10.3390/ma3031904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A model donor-acceptor oligomer consisting of benzodithiophene-diketone and thiophene has been investigated with regard to its molecular packing and opto-electronic properties. The crystal structure suggests that the packing is dominated by charge-transfer interactions between the electron-rich part of the molecule and the electron-poor part. A series of observations corroborate this assumption, among them are a charge-transfer band in the film absorption spectra and exceptionally low π-π distances. A detailed analysis of the energetic levels of the present system reveals that only the HOMO level of the acceptor is shifted by conjugation to the donor. The results can contribute to the development of improved materials for organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Klaus Müllen
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +49-6131-379151; Fax: +49-6131-379350
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