1
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Jian M, Jiang Q, Li X. MXene Key Composites: A New Arena for Gas Sensors. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:209. [PMID: 38842597 PMCID: PMC11156835 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
With the development of science and technology, the scale of industrial production continues to grow, and the types and quantities of gas raw materials used in industrial production and produced during the production process are also constantly increasing. These gases include flammable and explosive gases, and even contain toxic gases. Therefore, it is very important and necessary for gas sensors to detect and monitor these gases quickly and accurately. In recent years, a new two-dimensional material called MXene has attracted widespread attention in various applications. Their abundant surface functional groups and sites, excellent current conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and outstanding stability make them promising for gas sensor applications. Since the birth of MXene materials, researchers have utilized the efficient and convenient solution etching preparation, high flexibility, and easily functionalize MXene with other materials to prepare composites for gas sensing. This has opened a new chapter in high-performance gas sensing materials and provided a new approach for advanced sensor research. However, previous reviews on MXene-based composite materials in gas sensing only focused on the performance of gas sensing, without systematically explaining the gas sensing mechanisms generated by different gases, as well as summarizing and predicting the advantages and disadvantages of MXene-based composite materials. This article reviews the latest progress in the application of MXene-based composite materials in gas sensing. Firstly, a brief summary was given of the commonly used methods for preparing gas sensing device structures, followed by an introduction to the key attributes of MXene related to gas sensing performance. This article focuses on the performance of MXene-based composite materials used for gas sensing, such as MXene/graphene, MXene/Metal oxide, MXene/Transition metal sulfides (TMDs), MXene/Metal-organic framework (MOF), MXene/Polymer. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of MXene composite materials with different composites and discusses the possible gas sensing mechanisms of MXene-based composite materials for different gases. Finally, future directions and inroads of MXenes-based composites in gas sensing are presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Jian
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinting Jiang
- Key Materials and Components of Electrical Vehicles for Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation, Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifei Li
- Key Materials and Components of Electrical Vehicles for Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation, Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China.
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rickert SC, Luo SXL, Bahr J, Kohn J, Xue M, Hansen A, Grimme S, Jester SS, Swager TM, Höger S. Flexible Phenanthracene Nanotubes for Explosive Detection. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2986-2996. [PMID: 38263586 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Phenanthracene nanotubes with arylene-ethynylene-butadiynylene rims and phenanthracene walls are synthesized in a modular bottom-up approach. One of the rims carries hexadecyloxy side chains, mediating the affinity to highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the nanotubes are much more flexible than their structural formulas suggest: In 12, the phenanthracene units act as hinges that flip the two macrocycles relative to each other to one of two possible sites, as quantum mechanical models suggest and scanning tunneling microscopy investigations prove. Unexpectedly, both theory and experiment show for 13 that the three phenanthracene hinges are deflected from the upright position, accompanied by a deformation of both macrocycles from their idealized sturdy macroporous geometry. This flexibility together with their affinity to carbon-rich substrates allows for an efficient host-guest chemistry at the solid/gas interface opening the potential for applications in single-walled carbon nanotube-based sensing, and the applicability to build new sensors for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene via nitroaromatic markers is shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Rickert
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Shao-Xiong Lennon Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joshua Bahr
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Kohn
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mantian Xue
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan-S Jester
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Kuai Y, Jian M. "Visualization" Gas-Gas Sensors Based on High Performance Novel MXenes Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305250. [PMID: 37661585 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The detection of toxic, harmful, explosive, and volatile gases cannot be separated from gas sensors, and gas sensors are also used to monitor the greenhouse effect and air pollution. However, existing gas sensors remain with many drawbacks, such as lower sensitivity, lower selectivity, and unstable room temperature detection. Thus, there is an imperative need to find more suitable sensing materials. The emergence of a new 2D layered material MXenes has brought dawn to solve this problem. The multiple advantages of MXenes, namely high specific surface area, enriched terminal functionality groups, hydrophilicity, and good electrical conductivity, make them among the most prolific gas-sensing materials. Therefore, this review paper describes the current main synthesis methods of MXenes materials, and focuses on summarizing and organizing the latest research results of MXenes in gas sensing applications. It also introduces the possible gas sensing mechanisms of MXenes materials on NH3 , NO2 , CH3 , and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In conclusion, it provides insight into the problems and upcoming challenges of MXenes materials for gas sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Yanbing Kuai
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Min Jian
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kumar THV, Rajendran J, Atchudan R, Arya S, Govindasamy M, Habila MA, Sundramoorthy AK. Cobalt ferrite/semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes based field-effect transistor for determination of carbamate pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117193. [PMID: 37758116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl and carbofuran are the carbamate pesticides which have been widely used worldwide to control insects in crops and house. If the pesticides entered in to the food products and drinking water, they could cause serious health effects in humans. Therefore, the development of a rapid, simple, sensitive and selective analytical device for on-site detection of carbamates is crucial to evaluate food and environmental samples. Recently, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube-based field effect transistors (s-SWCNT/FETs) have shown several advantages such as high carrier mobility, good on/off ratio, quasi ballistic electron transport, label-free detection and real-time response. Herein, cobalt ferrite (CFO) nanoparticles decorated s-SWCNTs have been prepared and used to bridge the source and drain electrodes. As-prepared CFO/s-SWCNT/FET had been used for the non-enzymatic detection of carbaryl and carbofuran. When used as a sensing platform, the CFO/s-SWCNT hybrid film exhibited high sensitivity, and selectivity with a wide linear range of detection from 10 to 100 fMand the lowest limit of detections for carbaryl (0.11 fM) and carbofuran (0.07 fM) were estimated. This sensor was also used to detect carbaryl in tomato and cabbage samples, which confirmed its practical acceptance. Such performance may be attributed to the oxidation of carbamates by potent catalytic activity of CFO, which led to the changes in the charge transfer reaction on the s-SWCNTs/FET conduction channel. This work presents a novel CFO/s-SWCNT based sensing system which could be used to quantify pesticide residues in food samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T H Vignesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jerome Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, Jammu, India
| | - Mani Govindasamy
- International PhD Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan; Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed A Habila
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo Y, Li J, Ding Q, Wang H, Liu C, Wu J. Functionalized Hydrogel-Based Wearable Gas and Humidity Sensors. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:136. [PMID: 37225851 PMCID: PMC10209388 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Breathing is an inherent human activity; however, the composition of the air we inhale and gas exhale remains unknown to us. To address this, wearable vapor sensors can help people monitor air composition in real time to avoid underlying risks, and for the early detection and treatment of diseases for home healthcare. Hydrogels with three-dimensional polymer networks and large amounts of water molecules are naturally flexible and stretchable. Functionalized hydrogels are intrinsically conductive, self-healing, self-adhesive, biocompatible, and room-temperature sensitive. Compared with traditional rigid vapor sensors, hydrogel-based gas and humidity sensors can directly fit human skin or clothing, and are more suitable for real-time monitoring of personal health and safety. In this review, current studies on hydrogel-based vapor sensors are investigated. The required properties and optimization methods of wearable hydrogel-based sensors are introduced. Subsequently, existing reports on the response mechanisms of hydrogel-based gas and humidity sensors are summarized. Related works on hydrogel-based vapor sensors for their application in personal health and safety monitoring are presented. Moreover, the potential of hydrogels in the field of vapor sensing is elucidated. Finally, the current research status, challenges, and future trends of hydrogel gas/humidity sensing are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paghi A, Mariani S, Barillaro G. 1D and 2D Field Effect Transistors in Gas Sensing: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206100. [PMID: 36703509 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapid progress in the synthesis and fundamental understanding of 1D and 2D materials have solicited the incorporation of these nanomaterials into sensor architectures, especially field effect transistors (FETs), for the monitoring of gas and vapor in environmental, food quality, and healthcare applications. Yet, several challenges have remained unaddressed toward the fabrication of 1D and 2D FET gas sensors for real-field applications, which are related to properties, synthesis, and integration of 1D and 2D materials into the transistor architecture. This review paper encompasses the whole assortment of 1D-i.e., metal oxide semiconductors (MOXs), silicon nanowires (SiNWs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-and 2D-i.e., graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), phosphorene-materials used in FET gas sensors, critically dissecting how the material synthesis, surface functionalization, and transistor fabrication impact on electrical versus sensing properties of these devices. Eventually, pros and cons of 1D and 2D FETs for gas and vapor sensing applications are discussed, pointing out weakness and highlighting future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paghi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barillaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Z, Xiao M, Jin C, Zhang Z. Toward the Commercialization of Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:326. [PMID: 36979538 PMCID: PMC10046102 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of biosensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs) using atomically thick carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a channel material has the potential to revolutionize the related field due to their small size, high sensitivity, label-free detection, and real-time monitoring capabilities. Despite extensive research efforts to improve the sensitivity, selectivity, and practicality of CNT FET-based biosensors, their commercialization has not yet been achieved due to the non-uniform and unstable device performance, difficulties in their fabrication, the immaturity of sensor packaging processes, and a lack of reliable modification methods. This review article focuses on the practical applications of CNT-based FET biosensors for the detection of ultra-low concentrations of biologically relevant molecules. We discuss the various factors that affect the sensors' performance in terms of materials, device architecture, and sensor packaging, highlighting the need for a robust commercial process that prioritizes product performance. Additionally, we review recent advances in the application of CNT FET biosensors for the ultra-sensitive detection of various biomarkers. Finally, we examine the key obstacles that currently hinder the large-scale deployment of these biosensors, aiming to identify the challenges that must be addressed for the future industrialization of CNT FET sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Li
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuanhong Jin
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frigeri P, Gombia E, Bosi M, Trevisi G, Seravalli L, Ferrari C. Electrical properties and chemiresistive response to 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene vapours of large area arrays of Ge nanowires. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2023; 18:5. [PMID: 36749462 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03780-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We study the electrical and morphological properties of random arrays of Ge nanowires (NW) deposited on sapphire substrates. NW-based devices were fabricated with the aim of developing chemiresistive-type sensors for the detection of explosive vapours. We present the results obtained on pristine and annealed NWs and, focusing on the different phenomenology observed, we discuss the critical role played by NW-NW junctions on the electrical conduction and sensing performances. A mechanism is proposed to explain the high efficiency of the annealed arrays of NWs in detecting 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene vapours. This study shows the promising potential of Ge NW-based sensors in the field of civil security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Frigeri
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
| | - Enos Gombia
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Bosi
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Trevisi
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Seravalli
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrari
- IMEM-CNR Institute, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen W, Zheng H, Zheng P, Wu Z, Wu F, Liu Y, Huo D, Zheng L, Zhang Y. Nanohybrids that consisit of p-type, nitrogen-doped ZnO and graphene nanostructures: synthesis, photophysical properties, and biosensing application. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:345707. [PMID: 35584685 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac70e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ZnO, a promising material for optoelectronic applications, has attracted considerable attention due to its wide and direct band gap and large exciton binding energy. To understand the applications of this material, fabrication of high quality p-type ZnO is a key step. However, a reliable p-type doping of this material remains a major challenge. In this study, we report p-type nitrogen-doped ZnO nanoparticle, grown in a nitrogen doped graphene layer matrix by a plasma heating process using a natural protein and zinc nitrate as the precursors. The structural characterizations are developed by several microscopic techniques including the field emission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and micro-Raman analysis. In addition, the ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorption characteristics and photoluminescence properties of the samples are studied. Its p-type conduction behaviour is confirmed by the Hall effect measurement, which was ascribed to the high nitrogen dopant concentration in the Zn-poor ZnO, and the related mechanism for the p-type behaviour is also discussed. Moreover, the results of the glucose detection based on the strong green luminescence of glucose indicate that the nitrogen-doped ZnO nanodots/nitrogen-doped graphene layer nanohybrid is also a competitive candidate in the biosensing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangting Wu
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feimei Wu
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona, CA 91768, United States of America
| | - Dexuan Huo
- Institute of Materials Physics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, Department of Electronics Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guo M, Luo N, Chen Y, Fan Y, Wang X, Xu J. Fast-response MEMS xylene gas sensor based on CuO/WO 3 hierarchical structure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:127471. [PMID: 35236018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CuO/WO3 hierarchical hollow microspheres, assembled from irregular two dimensional (2D) nanosheets, were prepared by ultrasonic-wet chemical etching and pyrolysis in this study. The sensing performance of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) xylene gas sensor based on CuO/WO3 hierarchical structure were evaluated. It was found that the CuO/WO3 MEMS sensors showed an enhanced gas sensing performance compared with pristine WO3 sensor. The CuO/WO3-3 (the mass ratio of CuO to WO3 is 3%) sensor exhibited faster response-recover speed and the highest response value to xylene. Moreover, the CuO/WO3-3 sensor possessed higher selectivity and long-term stability. The good sensing properties can be attributed to the unique three dimensional (3D) hierarchical structure and p-n heterojunction of CuO-WO3. Considering the above advantages, the CuO/WO3-3 sensor has a great potential for the rapid detection and monitoring of xylene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Guo
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Na Luo
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yang Chen
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu Fan
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Xu
- NEST Lab., Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Doshi M, Fahrenthold EP. Functionalized metallic carbon nanotube arrays for gas phase explosives detection. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
12
|
Manzini I, Schild D, Di Natale C. Principles of odor coding in vertebrates and artificial chemosensory systems. Physiol Rev 2021; 102:61-154. [PMID: 34254835 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological olfactory system is the sensory system responsible for the detection of the chemical composition of the environment. Several attempts to mimic biological olfactory systems have led to various artificial olfactory systems using different technical approaches. Here we provide a parallel description of biological olfactory systems and their technical counterparts. We start with a presentation of the input to the systems, the stimuli, and treat the interface between the external world and the environment where receptor neurons or artificial chemosensors reside. We then delineate the functions of receptor neurons and chemosensors as well as their overall I-O relationships. Up to this point, our account of the systems goes along similar lines. The next processing steps differ considerably: while in biology the processing step following the receptor neurons is the "integration" and "processing" of receptor neuron outputs in the olfactory bulb, this step has various realizations in electronic noses. For a long period of time, the signal processing stages beyond the olfactory bulb, i.e., the higher olfactory centers were little studied. Only recently there has been a marked growth of studies tackling the information processing in these centers. In electronic noses, a third stage of processing has virtually never been considered. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of both fields and, for the first time, attempt to tie them together. We hope it will be a breeding ground for better information, communication, and data exchange between very related but so far little connected fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Manzini
- Animal Physiology and Molecular Biomedicine, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Detlev Schild
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Cellular Biophysics, University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He M, Zhang S, Zhang J. Horizontal Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays: Controlled Synthesis, Characterizations, and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12592-12684. [PMID: 33064453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) emerge as a promising material to advance carbon nanoelectronics. However, synthesizing or assembling pure metallic/semiconducting SWNTs required for interconnects/integrated circuits, respectively, by a conventional chemical vapor deposition method or by an assembly technique remains challenging. Recent studies have shown significant scientific breakthroughs in controlled SWNT synthesis/assembly and applications in scaled field effect transistors, which are a critical component in functional nanodevices, thereby rendering the horizontal SWNT array an important candidate for innovating nanotechnology. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the controlled synthesis, surface assembly, characterization techniques, and potential applications of horizontally aligned SWNT arrays. This review begins with the discussion of synthesis of horizontally aligned SWNTs with regulated direction, density, structure, and theoretical models applied to understand the growth results. Several traditional procedures applied for assembling SWNTs on target surface are also briefly discussed. It then discusses the techniques adopted to characterize SWNTs, ranging from electron/probe microscopy to various optical spectroscopy methods. Prototype applications based on the horizontally aligned SWNTs, such as interconnects, field effect transistors, integrated circuits, and even computers, are subsequently described. Finally, this review concludes with challenges and a brief outlook of the future development in this research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoshuai He
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou M, Wu B, Zhang X, Cao S, Ma P, Wang K, Fan Z, Su M. Preparation and UV Photoelectric Properties of Aligned ZnO-TiO 2 and TiO 2-ZnO Core-Shell Structured Heterojunction Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38490-38498. [PMID: 32846492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large-area horizontal-aligned ZnO nanotubes (ZNTs), TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs), TiO2-ZnO core-shell nanotubes (TZNTs) and ZnO-TiO2 core-shell nanotubes (ZTNTs) were successfully synthesized by electrospinning combined with pulsed-laser deposition. The morphology, structure, and composition of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these samples indicate that the addition of a TiO2 layer greatly decreases the recombination of photogenerated carriers in the heterojunction nanotubes. The photodetectors (PDs) were fabricated by assembling horizontally ordered nanotubes on the gold interdigital electrode, and their ultraviolet (UV) detection performances were compared. The test results at room temperature show that the PD with aligned ZTNTs have the best UV response and a short response recovery time. In addition, the performance of ZTNT PDs and TZNT PDs are further improved under heating. The photo/dark current ratio, responsivity (Rλ), detectivity (D*), and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ZTNTs increased to 388, 450 uA·W-1, 1.1 × 1010 cm·Hz1/2·W-1, and 0.15%, respectively, under the condition of 365 nm UV radiation with a power density of 4.9 mW·cm-2 and a 1 V bias at 90 °C. The UV response mechanism and structural superiority of the horizontally ordered coaxial heteronanotube were also discussed. In addition, this work provides an important method for the design of other ordered nanomaterials and structures, which have a wide range of applications in the fields of sensors, transistors, transparent flexible electrodes, and other multifunctional devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bozhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shiquan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Pengpeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhengpeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Maogen Su
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang S, Fan W, Cheng H, Gong Z, Wang D, Fan M, Huang B. From children's toy to versatile sensor: One-step doping of Play-Doh with primary amino group for explosive detection both on surfaces and in solution. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:193-202. [PMID: 32825903 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) sensing on surfaces and in solution is an important issue in sensor fabrication for homeland security and environmental protection. Herein, Play-Doh, a modeling material popular for kids, was proposed as a versatile sensor for on-site fluorescent (FL), visual FL (VFL), and colorimetric detection of TNT both on surfaces and in solution after being doped with -NH2 through a one-step approach. Play-Doh exhibits FL emission due to the main ingredient of flour. After -NH2 doping, amino-Play-Doh (APD) was utilized to construct a FL sensor based on FL resonance energy transfer and inner filter effect for TNT detection. The advantage of APD was that no additional fluorophore was needed compared with the traditional sensors for FL and VFL analysis. The orange complex visible to the naked eye was also recorded for smartphone-based colorimetric detection of TNT. In both cases, the APD demonstrated good analytical performance for TNT. Finally, APD was successfully utilized for TNT sensing on fingerprints, luggage, and in environmental water samples, respectively. Play-Doh might be a potential sensor for future on-site detection of TNT owing to the merits of being cost-effective and versatile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Wanli Fan
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Meikun Fan
- School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China; Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
| | - Bing Huang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621999, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Y, Xu R, Chen L, Wu C, Qiu L, Windle CD, Han Q, Qu L. Hierarchical ZnO@Hybrid Carbon Core-Shell Nanowire Array on a Graphene Fiber Microelectrode for Ultrasensitive Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:8547-8554. [PMID: 32023031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A hierarchical architecture composed of nitrogen (N)-rich carbon@graphitic carbon-coated ZnO nanowire arrays on a graphene fiber (ZnO@C/GF) was fabricated by direct growth of a ZnO@zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) core-shell nanowire array on a GF followed by annealing and used as a microelectrode for detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). In such a design, ZnO accumulated TNT through a strong nitroxide-zinc interaction and ZIF-8 served as the precursor of the N-rich carbon@graphitic carbon layer that seamlessly connected ZnO with the GF to improve the poor conductivity of ZnO, thus enhancing the sensitivity of the ZnO@C/GF microelectrode. The constructed hierarchical hybrid fiber microsensor exhibited a wide linear response to TNT in a concentration range of 0.1-32.2 μM with a low detection limit of 3.3 nM. This ZnO@C/GF microelectrode was further successfully applied to the detection of TNT in lake and tap water, indicating its promise as a portable sensor for the electrochemical detection of explosive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Ruoyu Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Liwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Chongbei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Lili Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Christopher D Windle
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Y, Zhou W, Zu B, Dou X. Qualitative Detection Toward Military and Improvised Explosive Vapors by a Facile TiO 2 Nanosheet-Based Chemiresistive Sensor Array. Front Chem 2020; 8:29. [PMID: 32083054 PMCID: PMC7005537 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile TiO2 nanosheets-based chemiresistive gas sensor array was prepared to identify 11 kinds of military and improvised explosive vapors at room temperature. The morphology of TiO2 nanosheets was well-controlled by adjusting the concentration of HF applied during the preparation. Owing to the morphology difference, the TiO2 nanosheet-based sensors show different response values toward 11 kinds of explosives, which is the basis of the successful discriminative identification. This method owes lots of advantages over other detection techniques, such as the facile preparation procedure, high response value (115.6% for TNT and 830% for PNT) at room temperature, rapid identifying properties (within 30 s for 9 explosives), simple operation, high anti-interference property, and low probability of misinforming, and consequently has a huge potential application in the qualitative detection of explosives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenyi Zhou
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baiyi Zu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Strain-controlled power devices as inspired by human reflex. Nat Commun 2020; 11:326. [PMID: 31949147 PMCID: PMC6965117 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired electronics are rapidly promoting advances in artificial intelligence. Emerging AI applications, e.g., autopilot and robotics, increasingly spur the development of power devices with new forms. Here, we present a strain-controlled power device that can directly modulate the output power responses to external strain at a rapid speed, as inspired by human reflex. By using the cantilever-structured AlGaN/AlN/GaN-based high electron mobility transistor, the device can control significant output power modulation (2.30–2.72 × 103 W cm−2) with weak mechanical stimuli (0–16 mN) at a gate bias of 1 V. We further demonstrate the acceleration-feedback-controlled power application, and prove that the output power can be effectively adjusted at real-time in response to acceleration changes, i.e., ▵P of 72.78–132.89 W cm−2 at an acceleration of 1–5 G at a supply voltage of 15 V. Looking forward, the device will have great significance in a wide range of AI applications, including autopilot, robotics, and human-machine interfaces. Designing intelligent power devices that can directly control the output power modulation responses to external stimuli at a rapid speed remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a strain-controlled power device by using the cantilever-structured AlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMT to emulate human reflex process.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang W, Cao S, Wu Z, Zhang M, Cao Y, Guo J, Zhong F, Duan H, Jia D. High-Performance Gas Sensor of Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotube Composites Promoted by Interface Engineering. SENSORS 2019; 20:s20010149. [PMID: 31881692 PMCID: PMC6982802 DOI: 10.3390/s20010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the enhanced gas-sensing performance by the one-dimensional hierarchical structure, one-dimensional hierarchical polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PANI/CNT) fibers were prepared. Interestingly, the simple heating changed the sensing characteristics of PANI from p-type to n-type and n-type PANI and p-type CNTs form p–n hetero junctions at the core–shell interface of hierarchical PANI/CNT composites. The p-type PANI/CNT (p-PANI/CNT) and n-type PANI/CNT (n-PANI/CNT) performed the higher sensitivity to NO2 and NH3, respectively. The response times of p-PANI/CNT and n-PANI/CNT to 50 ppm of NO2 and NH3 are only 5.2 and 1.8 s, respectively, showing the real-time response. The estimated limit of detection for NO2 and NH3 is as low as to 16.7 and 6.4 ppb, respectively. After three months, the responses of p-PANI/CNT and n-PANI/CNT decreased by 19.1% and 11.3%, respectively. It was found that one-dimensional hierarchical structures and the deeper charge depletion layer enhanced by structural changes of PANI contributed to the sensitive and fast responses to NH3 and NO2. The formation process of the hierarchical PANI/CNT fibers, p–n transition, and the enhanced gas-sensing performance were systematically analyzed. This work also predicts the development prospects of cost-effective, high-performance PANI/CNT-based sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Zhang
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (W.Z.); (S.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Shuai Cao
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (W.Z.); (S.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zhaofeng Wu
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (W.Z.); (S.C.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (Y.C.); (J.G.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.D.); (D.J.)
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (W.Z.); (S.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yali Cao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (Y.C.); (J.G.); (F.Z.)
| | - Jixi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (Y.C.); (J.G.); (F.Z.)
| | - Furu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (Y.C.); (J.G.); (F.Z.)
| | - Haiming Duan
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (W.Z.); (S.C.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.D.); (D.J.)
| | - Dianzeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; (Y.C.); (J.G.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.D.); (D.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang J, Yu M, Xia Y, Li X, Yang C, Komarneni S. On-chip grown ZnO nanosheet-array with interconnected nanojunction interfaces for enhanced optoelectronic NO 2 gas sensing at room temperature. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 554:19-28. [PMID: 31265965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated the on-chip growth of nanostructured ZnO films with abundant nanojunctions for the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic NO2 sensors. A fast solution approach allowed the controllable growth of ZnO nanorod- and nanosheet-arrays directly on flexible substrates, which were endowed with abundant nanojunctions. Electron microscopy observations revealed the existence of two types of the nanojunction interfaces, i.e., the attached and interconnected interfaces within the nanostructure networks. Compared with the attached nanorods, the optoelectronic NO2 sensors based on interconnected ZnO nanosheets showed higher responses and faster response/recovery rates under UV illumination at room temperature. The responses of the nanosheet-based sensor ranged from 28% to 610% toward NO2 concentrations of 10 ppb to 1000 ppb. Moreover, the optoelectronic sensors exhibited excellent reversibility, and mechanical and long-term stabilities along with low detection limits. The enhanced optoelectronic NO2 sensing properties of the interconnected ZnO nanosheets could be attributed to different types of nanojunction interfaces, which played a key role in modulating the interfacial potential barrier heights of the nanojunctions according to the surface depletion model. The presently developed strategy of nanojunction interface engineering is expected to have wide interest for semiconductor-based sensor applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Mingying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement & Analytic & Testing Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Xian Li
- Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Service Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sridhar Komarneni
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management and Materials Research Institute, 204 Energy and the Environment Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) promise to advance a number of real-world technologies. Of these applications, they are particularly attractive for uses in chemical sensors for environmental and health monitoring. However, chemical sensors based on CNTs are often lacking in selectivity, and the elucidation of their sensing mechanisms remains challenging. This review is a comprehensive description of the parameters that give rise to the sensing capabilities of CNT-based sensors and the application of CNT-based devices in chemical sensing. This review begins with the discussion of the sensing mechanisms in CNT-based devices, the chemical methods of CNT functionalization, architectures of sensors, performance parameters, and theoretical models used to describe CNT sensors. It then discusses the expansive applications of CNT-based sensors to multiple areas including environmental monitoring, food and agriculture applications, biological sensors, and national security. The discussion of each analyte focuses on the strategies used to impart selectivity and the molecular interactions between the selector and the analyte. Finally, the review concludes with a brief outlook over future developments in the field of chemical sensors and their prospects for commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Suchol Savagatrup
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maggie He
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sibo Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zeng W, Manoj D, Sun H, Yi R, Huang X, Sun Y. One-pot synthesis of high-density Pd nanoflowers decorated 3D carbon nanotube-graphene network modified on printed electrode as portable electrochemical sensing platform for sensitive detection of nitroaromatic explosives. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
23
|
Wang J, Yu M, Li X, Xia Y. UV-enhanced NO2 gas sensing properties of polystyrene sulfonate functionalized ZnO nanowires at room temperature. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi01110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PSS-functionalized ZnO nanowires exhibited a highly sensitive, fast, reversible and stable optoelectronic response to NO2 under UV illumination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Mingying Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Xian Li
- Agricultural Information Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Service Technology of Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Yi Xia
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming 650093
- China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Investigation on probing explosive nitroaromatic compound vapors using graphyne nanosheet: a first-principle study. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
25
|
Kumar D, Jha P, Chouksey A, Tandon RP, Chaudhury PK, Rawat JS. Flexible single walled nanotube based chemical sensor for 2,4-dinitrotoluene sensing. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2018; 29:6200-6205. [DOI: 10.1007/s10854-018-8595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
|
26
|
Guo L, Yang Z, Dou X. Artificial Olfactory System for Trace Identification of Explosive Vapors Realized by Optoelectronic Schottky Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1604528. [PMID: 27885730 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, ultrasensitive artificial olfactory system based on an individual optoelectronic Schottky junction is demonstrated for the discriminative detection of explosive vapors, including military explosives and improvised explosives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjuan Guo
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Q, Aroonyadet N, Song Y, Wang X, Cao X, Liu Y, Cong S, Wu F, Thompson ME, Zhou C. Highly Sensitive and Quick Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction Biomarkers Using In 2O 3 Nanoribbon Biosensors Fabricated Using Shadow Masks. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10117-10125. [PMID: 27934084 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a scalable and facile lithography-free method for fabricating highly uniform and sensitive In2O3 nanoribbon biosensor arrays. Fabrication with shadow masks as the patterning method instead of conventional lithography provides low-cost, time-efficient, and high-throughput In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors without photoresist contamination. Combined with electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for signal amplification, the In2O3 nanoribbon biosensor arrays are optimized for early, quick, and quantitative detection of cardiac biomarkers in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are commonly associated with heart attack and heart failure and have been selected as the target biomarkers here. Our approach can detect label-free biomarkers for concentrations down to 1 pg/mL (cTnI), 0.1 ng/mL (CK-MB), and 10 pg/mL (BNP), all of which are much lower than clinically relevant cutoff concentrations. The sample collection to result time is only 45 min, and we have further demonstrated the reusability of the sensors. With the demonstrated sensitivity, quick turnaround time, and reusability, the In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors have shown great potential toward clinical tests for early and quick diagnosis of AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhou Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Noppadol Aroonyadet
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Yan Song
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Xuan Cao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Yihang Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sen Cong
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Fanqi Wu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Mark E Thompson
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Chongwu Zhou
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ‡Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kalita A, Hussain S, Malik AH, Barman U, Goswami N, Iyer PK. Anion-Exchange Induced Strong π-π Interactions in Single Crystalline Naphthalene Diimide for Nitroexplosive Sensing: An Electronic Prototype for Visual on-Site Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:25326-36. [PMID: 27589572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A new derivative of naphthalene diimide (NDMI) was synthesized that displayed optical, electrical, and visual changes exclusively for the most widespread nitroexplosive and highly water-soluble toxicant picric acid (PA) due to strong π-π interactions, dipole-charge interaction, and a favorable ground state electron transfer process facilitated by Coulombic attraction. The sensing mechanism and interaction between NDMI with PA is demonstrated via X-ray diffraction analysis, (1)H NMR studies, cyclic voltammetry, UV-visible/fluorescence spectroscopy, and lifetime measurements. Single crystal X-ray structure of NDMI revealed the formation of self-assembled crystalline network assisted by noncovalent C-H···I interactions that get disrupted upon introducing PA as a result of anion exchange and strong π-π stacking between NDMI and PA. Morphological studies of NDMI displayed large numbers of single crystalline microrods along with some three-dimensional (3D) daisy-like structures which were fabricated on Al-coated glass substrate to construct a low-cost two terminal sensor device for realizing vapor mode detection of PA at room temperature and under ambient conditions. Furthermore, an economical and portable electronic prototype was developed for visual and on-site detection of PA vapors under exceptionally realistic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Kalita
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Sameer Hussain
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Akhtar Hussain Malik
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Ujjwol Barman
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Namami Goswami
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Center for Nanotechnology and ‡Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Q, Yan Y, Zeng Y, Lu Y, Chen L, Jiang Y. Free-Standing Undoped ZnO Microtubes with Rich and Stable Shallow Acceptors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27341. [PMID: 27263856 PMCID: PMC4893608 DOI: 10.1038/srep27341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of reliable large-sized p-ZnO is a major challenge to realise ZnO-based electronic device applications. Here we report a novel technique to grow high-quality free-standing undoped acceptor-rich ZnO (A-ZnO) microtubes with dimensions of ~100 μm (in diameter) × 5 mm (in length) by optical vapour supersaturated precipitation. The A-ZnO exhibits long lifetimes (>1 year) against compensation/lattice-relaxation and the stable shallow acceptors with binding energy of ~127 meV are confirmed from Zn vacancies. The A-ZnO provides a possibility for a mimetic p-n homojunction diode with n+-ZnO:Sn. The high concentrations of holes in A-ZnO and electrons in n+-ZnO make the dual diffusion possible to form a depletion layer. The diode threshold voltage, turn-on voltage, reverse saturated current and reverse breakdown voltage are 0.72 V, 1.90 V, <10 μA and >15 V, respectively. The A-ZnO also demonstrates quenching-free donor-acceptor-pairs (DAP) emission located in 390–414 nm with temperature of 270–470 K. Combining the temperature-dependent DAP violet emission with native green emission, the visible luminescence of A-ZnO microtube can be modulated in a wide region of colour space across white light. The present work opens up new opportunities to achieve ZnO with rich and stable acceptors instead of p-ZnO for a variety of potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yinzhou Yan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of 3D Printing for Digital Medical Health, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liang Chen
- College of Applied Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yijian Jiang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen K, Gao W, Emaminejad S, Kiriya D, Ota H, Nyein HYY, Takei K, Javey A. Printed Carbon Nanotube Electronics and Sensor Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4397-414. [PMID: 26880046 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Printing technologies offer large-area, high-throughput production capabilities for electronics and sensors on mechanically flexible substrates that can conformally cover different surfaces. These capabilities enable a wide range of new applications such as low-cost disposable electronics for health monitoring and wearables, extremely large format electronic displays, interactive wallpapers, and sensing arrays. Solution-processed carbon nanotubes have been shown to be a promising candidate for such printing processes, offering stable devices with high performance. Here, recent progress made in printed carbon nanotube electronics is discussed in terms of materials, processing, devices, and applications. Research challenges and opportunities moving forward from processing and system-level integration points of view are also discussed for enabling practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sam Emaminejad
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Daisuke Kiriya
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hiroki Ota
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hnin Yin Yin Nyein
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kuniharu Takei
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Ali Javey
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou C, Wu Z, Guo Y, Li Y, Cao H, Zheng X, Dou X. Ultrasensitive, Real-time and Discriminative Detection of Improvised Explosives by Chemiresistive Thin-film Sensory Array of Mn(2+) Tailored Hierarchical ZnS. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25588. [PMID: 27161193 PMCID: PMC4861922 DOI: 10.1038/srep25588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple method combing Mn2+ doping with a hierarchical structure was developed for the improvement of thin-film sensors and efficient detection of the explosives relevant to improvised explosive devices (IEDs). ZnS hierarchical nanospheres (HNs) were prepared via a solution-based route and their sensing performances were manipulated by Mn2+ doping. The responses of the sensors based on ZnS HNs towards 8 explosives generally increase firstly and then decrease with the increase of the doped Mn2+ concentration, reaching the climate at 5% Mn2+. Furthermore, the sensory array based on ZnS HNs with different doping levels achieved the sensitive and discriminative detection of 6 analytes relevant to IEDs and 2 military explosives in less than 5 s at room temperature. Importantly, the superior sensing performances make ZnS HNs material interesting in the field of chemiresistive sensors, and this simple method could be a very promising strategy to put the sensors based on thin-films of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures into practical IEDs detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Liaoning Key Lab of Bio-organic Chemistry, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wu
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yushu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Hongyu Cao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Liaoning Key Lab of Bio-organic Chemistry, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuefang Zheng
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Liaoning Key Lab of Bio-organic Chemistry, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liang Y, Xia J, Liang X. Short channel carbon nanotube thin film transistors with high on/off ratio fabricated by two-step fringing field dielectrophoresis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-016-1075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
33
|
Buryakov IA, Buryakov TI, Matsayev VT. Electrical, electrochemical, and thermometric sensors for the detection of explosives. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
34
|
Qu J, Ge Y, Zu B, Li Y, Dou X. Transition-Metal-Doped p-Type ZnO Nanoparticle-Based Sensory Array for Instant Discrimination of Explosive Vapors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1369-77. [PMID: 26763156 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of portable, real-time, and cheap platforms to monitor ultratrace levels of explosives is of great urgence and importance due to the threat of terrorism attacks and the need for homeland security. However, most of the previous chemiresistor sensors for explosive detection are suffering from limited responses and long response time. Here, a transition-metal-doping method is presented to remarkably promote the quantity of the surface defect states and to significantly reduce the charge transfer distance by creating a local charge reservoir layer. Thus, the sensor response is greatly enhanced and the response time is remarkably shortened. The resulting sensory array can not only detect military explosives, such as, TNT, DNT, PNT, PA, and RDX with high response, but also can fully distinguish some of the improvised explosive vapors, such as AN and urea, due to the huge response reaching to 100%. Furthermore, this sensory array can discriminate ppb-level TNT and ppt-level RDX from structurally similar and high-concentration interfering aromatic gases in less than 12 s. Through comparison with the previously reported chemiresistor or Schottky sensors for explosive detection, the present transition-metal-doping method resulting ZnO sensor stands out and undoubtedly challenges the best.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Qu
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry;, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuru Ge
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry;, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Baiyi Zu
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry;, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry;, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry;, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Qin Z, Liu Y, Chen W, Ai P, Wu Y, Li S, Yu D. Highly sensitive alcohol sensor based on a single Er-doped In2O3 nanoribbon. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Chen W, Liu Y, Qin Z, Wu Y, Li S, Ai P. A Single Eu-Doped In₂O₃ Nanobelt Device for Selective H₂S Detection. SENSORS 2015; 15:29950-7. [PMID: 26633404 PMCID: PMC4721696 DOI: 10.3390/s151229775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Eu-doped In2O3 nanobelts (Eu-In2O3 NBs) and pure In2O3 nanobelts (In2O3 NBs) are synthesized by the carbon thermal reduction method. Single nanobelt sensors are fabricated via an ion beam deposition system with a mesh-grid mask. The gas-sensing response properties of the Eu-In2O3 NB device and its undoped counterpart are investigated with several kinds of gases (including H2S, CO, NO2, HCHO, and C2H5OH) at different concentrations and different temperatures. It is found that the response of the Eu-In2O3 NB device to 100 ppm of H2S is the best among these gases and the sensitivity reaches 5.74, which is five times that of pure In2O3 NB at 260 °C. We also found that the former has an excellent sensitive response and great selectivity to H2S compared to the latter. Besides, there is a linear relationship between the response and H2S concentration when its concentration changes from 5 to 100 ppm and from 100 to 1000 ppm. The response/recovery time is quite short and remains stable with an increase of H2S concentration. These results mean that the doping of Eu can improve the gas-sensing performance of In2O3 NB effectually.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwu Chen
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yingkai Liu
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Zhaojun Qin
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yuemei Wu
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Shuanghui Li
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Peng Ai
- Institute of Physics and Electronic Information Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Y, Xu M, Bunes BR, Wu N, Gross DE, Moore JS, Zang L. Oligomer-coated carbon nanotube chemiresistive sensors for selective detection of nitroaromatic explosives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7471-7475. [PMID: 25823968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-performance chemiresistive sensors were made using a porous thin film of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coated with a carbazolylethynylene (Tg-Car) oligomer for trace vapor detection of nitroaromatic explosives. The sensors detect low concentrations of 4-nitrotoluene (NT), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) vapors at ppb to ppt levels. The sensors also show high selectivity to NT from other common organic reagents at significantly higher vapor concentrations. Furthermore, by using Tg-Car/CNT sensors and uncoated CNT sensors in parallel, differential sensing of NT, TNT, and DNT vapors was achieved. This work provides a methodology to create selective CNT-based sensors and sensor arrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Zhang
- †Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Miao Xu
- †Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Benjamin R Bunes
- †Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Na Wu
- †Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Dustin E Gross
- ‡Department of Chemistry, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- ‡Department of Chemistry, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ling Zang
- †Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nanophotonics: Energy Transfer towards Enhanced Luminescent Chemosensing. MATERIALS 2015; 8:1682-1703. [PMID: 28788025 PMCID: PMC5507050 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We discuss a recently proposed novel photonic approach for enhancing the fluorescence of extremely thin chemosensing polymer layers. We present theoretical and experimental results demonstrating the concept of gain-assisted waveguided energy transfer (G-WET) on a very thin polymer nanolayer spincoated on an active ZnO thin film. The G-WET approach is shown to result in an 8-fold increase in polymer fluorescence. We then extend the G-WET concept to nanostructured media. The benefits of using active nanostructured substrates on the sensitivity and fluorescence of chemosensing polymers are discussed. Preliminary theoretical results on enlarged sensing surface and photonic band-gap are presented.
Collapse
|
39
|
Aroonyadet N, Wang X, Song Y, Chen H, Cote RJ, Thompson ME, Datar RH, Zhou C. Highly scalable, uniform, and sensitive biosensors based on top-down indium oxide nanoribbons and electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:1943-51. [PMID: 25636984 DOI: 10.1021/nl5047889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructure field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have shown great promise for ultra sensitive biomolecular detection. Top-down assembly of these sensors increases scalability and device uniformity but faces fabrication challenges in achieving the small dimensions needed for sensitivity. We report top-down fabricated indium oxide (In2O3) nanoribbon FET biosensors using highly scalable radio frequency (RF) sputtering to create uniform channel thicknesses ranging from 50 to 10 nm. We combine this scalable sensing platform with amplification from electronic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to achieve high sensitivity to target analytes such as streptavidin and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 proteins. Our approach circumvents Debye screening in ionic solutions and detects p24 protein at 20 fg/mL (about 250 viruses/mL or about 3 orders of magnitude lower than commercial ELISA) with a 35% conduction change in human serum. The In2O3 nanoribbon biosensors have 100% device yield and use a simple 2 mask photolithography process. The electrical properties of 50 In2O3 nanoribbon FETs showed good uniformity in on-state current, on/off current ratio, mobility, and threshold voltage. In addition, the sensors show excellent pH sensitivity over a broad range (pH 4 to 9) as well as over the physiological-related pH range (pH 6.8 to 8.2). With the demonstrated sensitivity, scalability, and uniformity, the In2O3 nanoribbon sensor platform makes great progress toward clinical testing, such as for early diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noppadol Aroonyadet
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Guo S, Xu P, Yu H, Cheng Z, Li X. Synergistic improvement of gas sensing performance by micro-gravimetrically extracted kinetic/thermodynamic parameters. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 863:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
41
|
Li Y, Zhang W, Sun Z, Sun T, Xie Z, Huang Y, Jing X. Light-induced synthesis of cross-linked polymers and their application in explosive detection. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
42
|
Senthamizhan A, Uyar T. Electrospun Fluorescent Nanofibers for Explosive Detection. ELECTROSPINNING FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE SENSORS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14406-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
43
|
Direct electrodeposition of cable-like CuO@Cu nanowires array for non-enzymatic sensing. Talanta 2015; 132:719-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
44
|
Li Q, Chen N, Xing X, Xiao X, Wang Y, Djerdj I. NiO nanosheets assembled into hollow microspheres for highly sensitive and fast-responding VOC sensors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NiO hollow microspheres synthesized through a SiO2 spheres template-assisted approach show a very good gas response towards volatile organic compound vapors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- School of Physics Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Physics Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- School of Physics Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- School of Physics Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
| | - Yude Wang
- School of Physics Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Qin N, Xiang Q, Zhao H, Zhang J, Xu J. Evolution of ZnO microstructures from hexagonal disk to prismoid, prism and pyramid and their crystal facet-dependent gas sensing properties. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00637b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
46
|
Wang J, Yang F, Wei X, Zhang Y, Wei L, Zhang J, Tang Q, Guo B, Xu L. Controlled growth of conical nickel oxide nanocrystals and their high performance gas sensing devices for ammonia molecule detection. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16711-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01122h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Nie H, Lv Y, Yao L, Pan Y, Zhao Y, Li P, Sun G, Ma Y, Zhang M. Fluorescence detection of trace TNT by novel cross-linking electropolymerized films both in vapor and aqueous medium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 264:474-480. [PMID: 24238808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Electropolymerized (EP) films with high fluorescent efficiency are introduced to the detection of trace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Three electroactive materials TCPC, OCPC and OCz have been synthesized and their EP films have been demonstrated to be sensitive to TNT. Among them, the TCPC EP films have displayed the highest sensitivity to TNT in both vapor and aqueous medium, even in the natural water. It is proposed that the good performances would be caused by the following two factors: first, the cross-linking network of EP films can generate the cavities which benefit the TNT penetration, and remarkably increase the contact area between the EP films and TNT; second, the frontier orbits distribution leads the fast photo-induced electron transfer (PET) from the TCPC EP films to TNT. Our results prove that these EP films are promising TNT sensing candidates and provide a new method to prepare fluorescent porous films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heran Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Guannan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zu B, Guo Y, Dou X. Nanostructure-based optoelectronic sensing of vapor phase explosives--a promising but challenging method. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10693-10701. [PMID: 24072058 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03792d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic sensing of gas phase hazardous chemicals is a newly explored field, which shows great advantages towards low concentration sensing when compared to normal gas sensing in the dark. Here, based on the recent progress on nanostructured vapor phase explosive gas sensors operated in dark conditions, the attractiveness of developing optoelectronic sensors for vapor phase explosive detection was highlighted. Furthermore, we try to propose some new insights to enhance optoelectronic sensing of vapor phase explosives. We suggest employing photocatalysis principles to enhance the sensitivity and employing a molecular imprinting technique (MIT) to enhance the selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiyi Zu
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hammock ML, Chortos A, Tee BCK, Tok JBH, Bao Z. 25th anniversary article: The evolution of electronic skin (e-skin): a brief history, design considerations, and recent progress. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5997-6038. [PMID: 24151185 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Human skin is a remarkable organ. It consists of an integrated, stretchable network of sensors that relay information about tactile and thermal stimuli to the brain, allowing us to maneuver within our environment safely and effectively. Interest in large-area networks of electronic devices inspired by human skin is motivated by the promise of creating autonomous intelligent robots and biomimetic prosthetics, among other applications. The development of electronic networks comprised of flexible, stretchable, and robust devices that are compatible with large-area implementation and integrated with multiple functionalities is a testament to the progress in developing an electronic skin (e-skin) akin to human skin. E-skins are already capable of providing augmented performance over their organic counterpart, both in superior spatial resolution and thermal sensitivity. They could be further improved through the incorporation of additional functionalities (e.g., chemical and biological sensing) and desired properties (e.g., biodegradability and self-powering). Continued rapid progress in this area is promising for the development of a fully integrated e-skin in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory L Hammock
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 381 N. South Axis, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ji J, Zhou Z, Yang X, Zhang W, Sang S, Li P. One-dimensional nano-interconnection formation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:3014-3029. [PMID: 23606447 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Interconnection of one-dimensional nanomaterials such as nanowires and carbon nanotubes with other parts or components is crucial for nanodevices to realize electrical contacts and mechanical fixings. Interconnection has been being gradually paid great attention since it is as significant as nanomaterials properties, and determines nanodevices performance in some cases. This paper provides an overview of recent progress on techniques that are commonly used for one-dimensional interconnection formation. In this review, these techniques could be categorized into two different types: two-step and one-step methods according to their established process. The two-step method is constituted by assembly and pinning processes, while the one-step method is a direct formation process of nano-interconnections. In both methods, the electrodeposition approach is illustrated in detail, and its potential mechanism is emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Ji
- MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|