1
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Kohn JT, Grimme S, Hansen A. A semi-automated quantum-mechanical workflow for the generation of molecular monolayers and aggregates. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:124707. [PMID: 39319657 DOI: 10.1063/5.0230341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic electronics (OE) such as organic light-emitting diodes or organic solar cells represent an important and innovative research area to achieve global goals like environmentally friendly energy production. To accelerate OE material discovery, various computational methods are employed. For the initial generation of structures, a molecular cluster approach is employed. Here, we present a semi-automated workflow for the generation of monolayers and aggregates using the GFNn-xTB methods and composite density functional theory (DFT-3c). Furthermore, we present the novel D11A8MERO dye interaction energy benchmark with high-level coupled cluster reference interaction energies for the assessment of efficient quantum chemical and force-field methods. GFN2-xTB performs similar to low-cost DFT, reaching DFT/mGGA accuracy at two orders of magnitude lower computational cost. As an example application, we investigate the influence of the dye aggregate size on the optical and electrical properties and show that at least four molecules in a cluster model are needed for a qualitatively reasonable description.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kohn
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - A Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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2
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Li J, Wang P, Dong J, Xie Z, Tan X, Zhou L, Ai L, Li B, Wang Y, Dong H. A Domino Protocol toward High-performance Unsymmetrical Dibenzo[d,d']thieno[2,3-b;4,5-b']dithiophenes Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400803. [PMID: 38414106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Unsymmetric organic semiconductors have many advantages such as good solubility, rich intermolecular interactions for potential various optoelectronic applications. However, their synthesis is more challenging due to intricate structures thus normally suffering tedious synthesis. Herein, we report a trisulfur radical anion (S3⋅-) triggered domino thienannulation strategy for the synthesis of dibenzo[d,d']thieno[2,3-b;4,5-b']dithiophenes (DBTDTs) using readily available 1-halo-2-ethynylbenzenes as starting materials. This domino protocol features no metal catalyst and the formation of six C-S and one C-C bonds in a one-pot reaction. Mechanistic study revealed a unique domino radical anion pathway. Single crystal structure analysis of unsymmetric DBTDT shows that its unique unsymmetric structure endows rich and multiple weak S⋅⋅⋅S interactions between molecules, which enables the large intermolecular transfer integrals of 86 meV and efficient charge transport performance with a carrier mobility of 1.52 cm2 V-1 s-1. This study provides a facile and highly efficient synthetic strategy for more high-performance unsymmetric organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaxuan Dong
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ziyi Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangyu Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liankun Ai
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baolin Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Park S, Ryu S, Ho D, Chae W, Earmme T, Kim C, Seo S. Novel benzo[ b]thieno[2,3- d]thiophene derivatives with an additional alkyl-thiophene core: synthesis, characterization, and p-type thin film transistor performance. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01635d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Newly synthesized benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene derivatives were employed as active layers of organic field effect transistors, and these transistors showed decent electrical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Soomin Ryu
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Dongil Ho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Wookil Chae
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeshik Earmme
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - SungYong Seo
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
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4
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Matsui J, Ebata K, Takeda M, Hua KN, Katagiri H, Nakayama K, Masuhara A, Yumusak C, Stadler P, Sharber MC, White MS, Sariciftci NS, Yoshida T, Furis M. Photoconductivity of Micrometer Long Organic Single Crystal Fiber Array Prepared by Evaporation‐Induced Self‐Assembled Method. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Matsui
- Faculty of Science Yamagata University 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi Yamagata 990-8560 Japan
| | - Kazuki Ebata
- Faculty of Science Yamagata University 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi Yamagata 990-8560 Japan
| | - Masaki Takeda
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Kim Ngan Hua
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Program The University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA
| | - Hiroshi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Nakayama
- Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Akito Masuhara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Cigdem Yumusak
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS) Physical Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstraße 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Philipp Stadler
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS) Physical Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstraße 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Markus Clark Sharber
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS) Physical Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstraße 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Matthew Schuette White
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Program The University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS) Physical Chemistry Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenbergerstraße 69 Linz 4040 Austria
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Madalina Furis
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Program The University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA
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5
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Maeda T, Liess A, Kudzus A, Krause AM, Stolte M, Amitani H, Yagi S, Fujiwara H, Würthner F. Hydrogen bond-rigidified planar squaraine dye and its electronic and organic semiconductor properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9890-9893. [PMID: 32840518 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04306k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The one-step reaction of a dicyanovinyl-functionalized squaric acid with Fischer bases afforded C2v symmetric squaraine dyes with rigid planar structures due to intramolecular N-HO hydrogen bonds. Dense molecular packing, decrease of HOMO level, and sufficient thermal stability for sublimation enabled vacuum-processed OTFTs with hole mobility up to 0.32 cm2 V-1 s-1 and current on/off ratio of 106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Maeda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Andreas Liess
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Astrid Kudzus
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Hitoshi Amitani
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Shigeyuki Yagi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideki Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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6
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Ma X, Yi Y. Electronic polarization in dipolar organic molecular semiconductors: The case study of 1,2,3,4-tetrafluoro-6,7-dimethylnaphthalene crystal. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Ji D, Li T, Hu W, Fuchs H. Recent Progress in Aromatic Polyimide Dielectrics for Organic Electronic Devices and Circuits. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806070. [PMID: 30762268 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric dielectrics play a key role in the realization of flexible organic electronics, especially for the fabrication of scalable device arrays and integrated circuits. Among a wide variety of polymeric dielectric materials, aromatic polyimides (PIs) are flexible, lightweight, and strongly resistant to high-temperature processing and corrosive etchants and, therefore, have become promising candidates as gate dielectrics with good feasibility in manufacturing organic electronic devices. More significantly, the characteristics of PIs can be conveniently modulated by the design of their chemical structures. Herein, from the perspective of structure optimization and interface engineering, a brief overview of recent progress in PI-based dielectrics for organic electronic devices and circuits is provided. Also, an outlook of future research directions and challenges for polyimide dielectric materials is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Ji
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
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8
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Rao GH, Pandey M, Narayanaswamy K, Srinivasa Rao R, Pandey SS, Hayase S, Singh SP. Synthesis and Optoelectrical Characterization of Novel Squaraine Dyes Derived from Benzothiophene and Benzofuran. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:13919-13927. [PMID: 31458088 PMCID: PMC6645072 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and photophysical characterizations of two novel small molecules SQ-BEN-THI and SQ-BEN-FUR with D-A-D molecular structure consisting of squaraine as central unit and benzothiophene and benzofuran as end groups are being reported. Apart from very sharp and intense light absorption by these molecular sensitizers in near-infrared (NIR) wavelength region, their possibility as small molecular organic semiconductor was also explored after fabricating organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Results obtained from photophysical, electrochemical, and quantum chemical studies were combined to elucidate the structural and optoelectronic properties. Electrical characterization pertaining to the charge-transport properties carried after OFET fabrication exhibited field-effect mobilities of 4.0 × 10-5 and 5.4 × 10-5 cm2/(V s) for SQ-BEN-THI and SQ-BEN-FUR, respectively. After thermal annealing at 130 °C, the field-effect mobility was found to increase for both squaraine dyes. Relatively facile carrier transport in SQ-BEN-FUR compared to that of SQ-BEN-THI could be attributed to relatively higher backbone planarity as indicated from optimized molecular structure obtained after density functional theory calculations. This work may guide for further molecular design and synthesis of novel squaraine dyes for high-performance OFET applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Hanumantha Rao
- Polymers
and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Manish Pandey
- Graduate
School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4, Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kamatham Narayanaswamy
- Polymers
and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ravulakollu Srinivasa Rao
- Polymers
and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Shyam S. Pandey
- Graduate
School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4, Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
- E-mail: (S.S.P.)
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Graduate
School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4, Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
- E-mail: (S.H.)
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Polymers
and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
- E-mail: (S.P.S.)
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9
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Koch F, Stolte M, Zitzler-Kunkel A, Bialas D, Steinbacher A, Brixner T, Würthner F. Unraveling the structure and exciton coupling for multichromophoric merocyanine dye molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:6368-6378. [PMID: 28197618 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00115k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relative orientation of chromophores is a key factor in determining the relationship between the structure and the functionality in molecular multichromophore ensembles. In the case of structurally flexible molecular systems in solution, the task to clarify the relevant effects of accessible chromophore orientations with spectroscopic observations is very demanding. In this study, we address this issue by investigating a series of differently connected multichromophoric systems composed of highly dipolar merocyanine dyes that are systematically varied in their substitution pattern and the number of chromophores attached to a bridging benzene ring. Combining electro-optical absorption (EOA) and UV/Vis spectroscopy with density functional theory (DFT) as well as exciton theory discloses conformational preferences and rationalizes the optical properties of the interacting chromophores. Our findings suggest for all multichromophoric systems there is a relative orientation of the chromophores which compensates for the individual dipole moments of the merocyanine dyes by pointing preferably in opposing directions. These orientations furthermore rationalize the observed spectral properties by partly excitonically-coupled subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Koch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - André Zitzler-Kunkel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - David Bialas
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Steinbacher
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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10
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Wen J, Xiao C, Lv A, Hayashi H, Zhang L. Tuning the electronic properties of thiophene-annulated NDIs: the influence of the lateral fusion position. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5542-5545. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a new asymmetric thiophene-annulated naphthalenediimide with high electron mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wen
- College of Energy
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- College of Energy
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Aifeng Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Nara 630-0192
- Japan
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Energy
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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11
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Sheng W, Zheng YQ, Wu Q, Wu Y, Yu C, Jiao L, Hao E, Wang JY, Pei J. Synthesis, Properties, and Semiconducting Characteristics of BF2 Complexes of β,β-Bisphenanthrene-Fused Azadipyrromethenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:2893-2896. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanle Sheng
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yayang Wu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
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12
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13
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Zhylitskaya H, Cybińska J, Chmielewski P, Lis T, Stępień M. Bandgap Engineering in π-Extended Pyrroles. A Modular Approach to Electron-Deficient Chromophores with Multi-Redox Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11390-8. [PMID: 27533895 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A family of bandgap-tunable pyrroles structurally related to rylene dyes was computationally designed and prepared using robust, easily scalable chemistry. These pyrroles show highly variable fluorescence properties and can be used as building blocks for the synthesis of electron-deficient oligopyrroles. The latter application is demonstrated through the development of π-extended porphyrins containing naphthalenediamide or naphthalenediimide units. These new macrocycles exhibit simultaneously tunable visible and near-IR absorptions, an ability to accept up to 8 electrons via electrochemical reduction, and high internal molecular free volumes. When chemically reduced under inert conditions, the most electron-deficient of these macrocycles revealed reversible formation of eight charged states, characterized by remarkably red-shifted optical absorptions, extending beyond 2200 nm. Such features make these oligopyrroles of interest as functional chromophores, charge-storage materials, and tectons for crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Zhylitskaya
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Cybińska
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.,Wrocławskie Centrum Badań EIT+ , ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Chmielewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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14
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Gsänger M, Bialas D, Huang L, Stolte M, Würthner F. Organic Semiconductors based on Dyes and Color Pigments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3615-45. [PMID: 27028553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes and pigments constitute a large class of industrial products. The utilization of these compounds in the field of organic electronics is reviewed with particular emphasis on organic field-effect transistors. It is shown that for most major classes of industrial dyes and pigments, i.e., phthalocyanines, perylene and naphthalene diimides, diketopyrrolopyrroles, indigos and isoindigos, squaraines, and merocyanines, charge-carrier mobilities exceeding 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been achieved. The most widely investigated molecules due to their n-channel operation are perylene and naphthalene diimides, for which even values close to 10 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been demonstrated. The fact that all of these π-conjugated colorants contain polar substituents leading to strongly quadrupolar or even dipolar molecules suggests that indeed a much larger structural space shows promise for the design of organic semiconductor molecules than was considered in this field traditionally. In particular, because many of these dye and pigment chromophores demonstrate excellent thermal and (photo-)chemical stability in their original applications in dyeing and printing, and are accessible by straightforward synthetic protocols, they bear a particularly high potential for commercial applications in the area of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Gsänger
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Koch F, Steinbacher A, Consani C, Zitzler-Kunkel A, Stolte M, Würthner F, Brixner T. The role of the dipolar neighborhood on the relaxation dynamics of multichromophoric merocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:19820-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02437h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of neighboring, highly dipolar merocyanine dyes lead to stabilization of the intramolecular charge-transfer state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Koch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Steinbacher
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Cristina Consani
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
| | | | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
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16
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Bekere L, Larina N, Lokshin V, Ellern A, Sigalov M, Khodorkovsky V. A new class of spirocyclic photochromes reacting with light of both UV and visible ranges. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00666c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deep coloration of weakly colored spirocyclic derivatives (R = NMe2, NEt2, and OMe) can be achieved by irradiation with light of any wavelength between 254 and 642 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bekere
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS
- CINaM UMR 7325
- Marseille
- France
| | - Nina Larina
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS
- CINaM UMR 7325
- Marseille
- France
| | | | | | - Mark Sigalov
- Department of Chemistry
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev
- Beer Sheva
- Israel
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17
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Ji D, Wang C, Hu W, Fuchs H. Ultrathin annealing-free polymer layers: new opportunity to enhance mobility and stability of low-voltage thin-film organic transistors. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate an ultrathin annealing-free polymer layer with compact structure and perfect surface state which makes the application of ultra-thin devices and low-power consumption possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Ji
- Center for Nanotechnology
- Physikalisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Institute of Physics & IMN MacroNano®
- Technical University of Ilmenau
- Germany
| | - Wenping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Center for Nanotechnology
- Physikalisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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18
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Kato SI, Noguchi H, Jin S, Nakamura Y. Synthesis and Electronic, Optical, and Electrochemical Properties of a Series of Tetracyanobutadiene-Substituted Carbazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Kato
- Division of Molecular Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Gunma University; 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Hiroto Noguchi
- Division of Molecular Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Gunma University; 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Satoshi Jin
- Division of Molecular Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Gunma University; 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakamura
- Division of Molecular Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Gunma University; 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
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19
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Lv A, Stolte M, Würthner F. Head-to-Tail Zig-Zag Packing of Dipolar Merocyanine Dyes Affords High-Performance Organic Thin-Film Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Lv A, Stolte M, Würthner F. Head-to-Tail Zig-Zag Packing of Dipolar Merocyanine Dyes Affords High-Performance Organic Thin-Film Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Yang J, Yan D, Jones TS. Molecular Template Growth and Its Applications in Organic Electronics and Optoelectronics. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5570-603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Donghang Yan
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tim S. Jones
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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22
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Chen H, Dong S, Bai M, Cheng N, Wang H, Li M, Du H, Hu S, Yang Y, Yang T, Zhang F, Gu L, Meng S, Hou S, Guo X. Solution-processable, low-voltage, and high-performance monolayer field-effect transistors with aqueous stability and high sensitivity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:2113-20. [PMID: 25678213 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201405378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Low-voltage, low-cost, high-performance monolayer field-effect transistors are demonstrated, which comprise a densely packed, long-range ordered monolayer spin-coated from core-cladding liquid-crystalline pentathiophenes and a solution-processed high-k HfO2 -based nanoscale gate dielectric. These monolayer field-effect transistors are light-sensitive and are able to function as reporters to convert analyte binding events into electrical signals with ultrahigh sensitivity (≈10 ppb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural, Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
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23
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Walter C, Ruetzel S, Diekmann M, Nuernberger P, Brixner T, Engels B. Photoisomerization among ring-open merocyanines. II. A computational study. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:224311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4881259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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24
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Schweicher G, Olivier Y, Lemaur V, Geerts YH. What Currently Limits Charge Carrier Mobility in Crystals of Molecular Semiconductors? Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Gsänger M, Kirchner E, Stolte M, Burschka C, Stepanenko V, Pflaum J, Würthner F. High-Performance Organic Thin-Film Transistors of J-Stacked Squaraine Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2351-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ja409496r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Gsänger
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Kirchner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Burschka
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Pflaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems
Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, and ‡Experimentelle Physik VI, Universität Würzburg and Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern e.V.), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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26
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Cai Z, Zhang H, Geng H, Liu Z, Yang S, Luo H, Jiang L, Peng Q, Zhang G, Chen J, Yi Y, Hu W, Zhang D. Thiepin-Fused Heteroacenes: Simple Synthesis, Unusual Structure, and Semiconductors with Less Anisotropic Behavior. Chemistry 2013; 19:14573-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Wang XY, Lin HR, Lei T, Yang DC, Zhuang FD, Wang JY, Yuan SC, Pei J. Azaborine Compounds for Organic Field-Effect Transistors: Efficient Synthesis, Remarkable Stability, and BN Dipole Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Wang XY, Lin HR, Lei T, Yang DC, Zhuang FD, Wang JY, Yuan SC, Pei J. Azaborine compounds for organic field-effect transistors: efficient synthesis, remarkable stability, and BN dipole interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3117-20. [PMID: 23400958 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ye Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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29
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Huang PY, Chen LH, Chen YY, Chang WJ, Wang JJ, Lii KH, Yan JY, Ho JC, Lee CC, Kim C, Chen MC. Enhanced Performance of Benzothieno[3,2-b]thiophene (BTT)-Based Bottom-Contact Thin-Film Transistors. Chemistry 2013; 19:3721-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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