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Xie J, Sun X, Guo X, Feng X, Chen K, Shu X, Wang C, Sun W, Liu Y, Shang B, Liu X, Chen D, Xu W, Li Z. Water-borne, durable and multicolor silicon nanoparticles/sodium alginate inks for anticounterfeiting applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 301:120307. [PMID: 36436869 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recently, water-borne fluorescent inks have attracted extensive attention in anti-counterfeiting applications due to their convenient implementation and eco-friendliness. However, due to poor service durability, the latent authorization information from the inks is easily damaged, and even disappears when encountering water. Moreover, most of the existing fluorescent inks are monochromic, toxic, and allergic to skin, thus are unsuitable for their sustainability during real-life applications. Herein, this work presents environment-friendly, durable, and multicolor fluorescent anti-counterfeiting silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)/sodium alginate (SA) inks. The multicolor SiNPs are synthesized by a one-pot method with defined morphologies and optical properties. Subsequently, SA is employed as the binder to prepare the fluorescent inks with optimized rheological properties. Practicability results show that the SiNPs/SA inks not only exhibit excellent printability, but also impart authentic information with superior covert performance. More notably, spraying solution of calcium dichloride can further improve fluorescent fastnesses of the SiNPs/SA inks by ionic crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Xuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xiang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Kailong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Xin Shu
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Chenhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
| | - Bin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China; State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Dongzhi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China; State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
| | - Weilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Zhujun Li
- College of Textiles, Guangdong Polytechnic, Guangzhou 528041, PR China
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2
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Özbilgin İNG, Yamazaki T, Watanabe J, Sun HT, Hanagata N, Shirahata N. Water-Soluble Silicon Quantum Dots toward Fluorescence-Guided Photothermal Nanotherapy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5188-5196. [PMID: 35083914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report carboxy-terminated silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) that exhibit high solubility in water due to the high molecular coverage of surface monolayers, bright light emission with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), long-term stability in the PL property for monitoring cells, less toxicity to the cells, and a high photothermal response. We prepared water-soluble SiQDs by the thermal hydrosilylation of 10-undecenoic acid on their hydrogen-terminated surfaces, provided by the thermal disproportionation of triethoxysilane hydrolyzed at pH 3 and subsequent hydrofluoric etching. The 10-undecanoic acid-functionalized SiQDs (UA:SiQDs) showed long-term stability in hydrophilic solvents including ethanol and water (pH 7). We assess their interaction with live cells by means of cellular uptake, short-term toxicity, and, for the first time, long-term cytotoxicity. Results show that UA:SiQDs are potential candidates for theranostics, with their good optical properties enabling imaging for more than 18 days and a photothermal response having a 25.1% photothermal conversion efficiency together with the direct evidence of cell death by laser irradiation. UA:SiQDs have low cytotoxicity with full viability of up to 400 μg/mL for the short term and a 50% cell viability value after 14 days of incubation at a 50 μg/mL concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Nur Gamze Özbilgin
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | | | - Junpei Watanabe
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | | | - Naoto Shirahata
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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3
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Furey BJ, Stacy BJ, Shah T, Barba-Barba RM, Carriles R, Bernal A, Mendoza BS, Korgel BA, Downer MC. Two-Photon Excitation Spectroscopy of Silicon Quantum Dots and Ramifications for Bio-Imaging. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6023-6033. [PMID: 35357114 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon excitation in the near-infrared (NIR) of colloidal nanocrystalline silicon quantum dots (nc-SiQDs) with photoluminescence also in the NIR has potential opportunities in the field of deep biological imaging. Spectra of the degenerate two-photon absorption (2PA) cross section of colloidal nc-SiQDs are measured using two-photon excitation over a spectral range 1.46 < ℏω < 1.91 eV (wavelength 850 > λ > 650 nm) above the two-photon band gap Eg(QD)/2, and at a representative photon energy ℏω = 0.99 eV (λ = 1250 nm) below this gap. Two-photon excited photoluminescence (2PE-PL) spectra of nc-SiQDs with diameters d = 1.8 ± 0.2 nm and d = 2.3 ± 0.3 nm, each passivated with 1-dodecene and dispersed in toluene, are calibrated in strength against 2PE-PL from a known concentration of Rhodamine B dye in methanol. The 2PA cross section is observed to be smaller for the smaller diameter nanocrystals, and the onset of 2PA is observed to be blue shifted from the two-photon indirect band gap of bulk Si, as expected for quantum confinement of excitons. The efficiencies of nc-SiQDs for bioimaging using 2PE-PL are simulated in various biological tissues and compared to efficiencies of other quantum dots and molecular fluorophores and found to be comparable or superior at greater depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Furey
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, C1600, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Benjamin J Stacy
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton Street, C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton Street, C2201, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tushti Shah
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton Street, C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Rodrigo M Barba-Barba
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.C., Loma del Bosque 115, Colonia Lomas del Campestre, León, Gto. 37150, México
| | - Ramon Carriles
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.C., Loma del Bosque 115, Colonia Lomas del Campestre, León, Gto. 37150, México
| | - Alan Bernal
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.C., Loma del Bosque 115, Colonia Lomas del Campestre, León, Gto. 37150, México
| | - Bernardo S Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.C., Loma del Bosque 115, Colonia Lomas del Campestre, León, Gto. 37150, México
| | - Brian A Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton Street, C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton Street, C2201, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael C Downer
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, C1600, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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4
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Zheng X, Wu H, Shen Z, Wang C, Ma Y. COOH-Terminated Silicon Quantum Dots as a Highly Efficient Drug Nanocarrier for Targeted Tumor Cell Imaging. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1830-1839. [PMID: 34688328 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) characterized by exceptional photostability and colloidal robustness as well as beneficial biocompatibility are fast becoming new pharmaceutical nanocarriers. With a view to efficiently loading cisplatin (CDDP) onto SiQDs, carboxylate group (COOH) terminated SiQDs were imperative because of chelate formation with CDDP. In this work, we employed a facial microwave irradiation route for rapidly synthesizing high-quality COOH-SiQDs through the use of 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane (APTMS) molecules to fulfil the role of silicon precursor and maleic acid (MA) as the agent for facilitating reduction. The SiQDs showed blue fluorescence with an associated photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 40.2%, the size of which was small at 3.2 ±0.6 nm, and long-lasting stability (an extensive range in pH (4-12) and concentrations of electrolytes reaching 3 Molarity of a solution of sodium chloride). As nanocarriers, carboxylic acids chelation generated a high loading of CDDP onto SiQDs (drug loading capacity, DLC up to 32.2% at pH = 9) and a drug release of CDDP up to 57.6% at pH = 5. Furthermore, the MTT assays demonstrated the non or low cytotoxicity of SiQDs and the role of the controlled release of SiQD-CDDP Finally, the prepared SiQD-CDDP were used for cell imaging, and further targeted labeling of some tumors after folic acid (FA) conjugation. These characteristics allow for the deployment of SiQDs as a highly efficient nanocarrier that facilitate the delivery of clinical drugs for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhe Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yunfei Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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5
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Kim GH, Lee G, Kang MH, Kim M, Jin Y, Beck S, Cheon J, Sung J, Joo J. Luminescent silicon nanoparticles for distinctive tracking of cellular targeting and trafficking. Faraday Discuss 2021; 222:304-317. [PMID: 32100767 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00124g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing therapeutic nanoparticles that actively target disease cells or tissues by exploiting the binding specificity of receptors presented on the cell surface has extensively opened up biomedical applications for drug delivery and imaging. An ideal nanoparticle for biomedical applications is required to report confirmation of relevant targeting and the ultimate fate in a physiological environment for further verification, e.g. to adapt dosage or predict response. Herein, we demonstrate tracking of silicon nanoparticles through intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) during the course of cellular targeting and uptake. Time-resolved analysis of PL characteristics in cellular microenvironments provides dynamic information on the physiological conditions where the silicon nanoparticles are exposed. In particular, the PL lifetime of the silicon nanoparticles is in the order of microseconds, which is significantly longer than the nanosecond lifetimes exhibited by fluorescent molecules naturally presented in cells, thus allowing discrimination of the nanoparticles from the cellular background autofluorescence in time-gated imaging. The PL lifetime is a physically intensive property that reports the inherent characteristics of the nanoparticles regardless of surrounding noise. Furthermore, we investigate a unique means to inform the lifespan of the biodegradable silicon nanoparticles responsive to local microenvironment in the course of endocytosis. A multivalent strategy of nanoparticles for enhanced cell targeting is also demonstrated with complementary analysis of time-resolved PL emission imaging and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The result presents the promising potential of the photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles toward advanced cell targeting systems that simultaneously enable tracking of cellular trafficking and tissue microenvironment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Heon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Cheong IT, Morrish W, Sheard W, Yu H, Tavares Luppi B, Milburn L, Meldrum A, Veinot JGC. Silicon Quantum Dot-Polymer Fabry-Pérot Resonators with Narrowed and Tunable Emissions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27149-27158. [PMID: 33983697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent silicon nanoparticles have been widely recognized as an alternative for metal-based quantum dots (QDs) for optoelectronics partly because of the high abundance and biocompatibility of silicon. To date, the broad photoluminescence line width (often >100 nm) of silicon QDs has been a hurdle to achieving competitive spectral purity and incorporating them into light-emitting devices. Herein we report fabrication and testing of straightforward configuration of Fabry-Pérot resonators that incorporates a thin layer of SiQD-polymer hybrid/blend between two reflective silver mirrors; remarkably these devices exhibit up-to-14-fold narrowing of SiQD emission and achieve a spectral bandwidth as narrow as ca. 9 nm. Our polymer-based, SiQD-containing Fabry-Pérot resonators also provide convenient spectral tunability, can be prepared using a variety of polymer hosts and substrates, and enable rigid as well as flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Teng Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - William Morrish
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - William Sheard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Bruno Tavares Luppi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Leanne Milburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Alkiviathes Meldrum
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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7
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Nsanzamahoro S, Wang WF, Zhang Y, Shi YP, Yang JL. Synthesis of orange-emissive silicon nanoparticles as "off-on" fluorescence probe for sensitive and selective detection of l-methionine and copper. Talanta 2021; 231:122369. [PMID: 33965034 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) are of great interest as they are free of heavy ions. However, most of Si NPs exhibit blue or green emission, while orange or red-emitting Si NPs are required for an extensive range of applications. Copper ion (Cu2+) and l-methionine (L-Met) detection is critically valuable point since their abnormal level is an indicator of various diseases. In this work, we illustrate an "off-on" method for sensitively and selectively determination of Cu2+ and L-Met using Si NPs as fluorescent probe. The Si NPs emitting orange fluorescence with the quantum yield of 2.23% were prepared via one and easy step of hydrothermal treatment of 3(2-aminoethylamino) propyl (dimethoxymethylsilane) (AEAPDMMS) and 2-aminophenol as precursors. The fluorescence of Si NPs was quenched in the presence of Cu2+ due to the strong metal-ligand coordination and electrostatic interactions between the large amount of amino and hydroxyl groups on the surface of Si NPs and Cu2+. Surprisingly, the resulted non-fluorescent Si NPs-Cu2+ complex displayed a fluorescence "turn-on" toward L-Met, due to the competitive coordination of Cu2+ between L-Met and Si NPs which leads to the unique "off-on" response to L-Met after the release of free Si NPs. The as-proposed approach is fast, simple, low cost and environmental-friendly. More importantly, it has been applied in the determination of Cu2+ and L-Met in water and urine samples, respectively with satisfactory recoveries. Furthermore, the approach could detect Cu2+ and L-Met with detection limit of 0.012 μM and 0.07 μM, which are lower than the level of Cu2+ in drinking water and of L-Met in human urine sample (maximum ~20 μM and ~5.9 μM, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislas Nsanzamahoro
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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8
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Alessi B, Macias-Montero M, Maddi C, Maguire P, Svrcek V, Mariotti D. Bridging energy bands to the crystalline and amorphous states of Si QDs. Faraday Discuss 2020; 222:390-404. [PMID: 32133465 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the crystallization process and opto-electronic properties of silicon quantum dots (Si QDs) synthesized by atmospheric pressure plasmas (APPs) is studied in this work. The synthesis of Si QDs is carried out by flowing silane as a gas precursor in a plasma confined to a submillimeter space. Experimental conditions are adjusted to propitiate the crystallization of the Si QDs and produce QDs with both amorphous and crystalline character. In all cases, the Si QDs present a well-defined mean particle size in the range of 1.5-5.5 nm. Si QDs present optical bandgaps between 2.3 eV and 2.5 eV, which are affected by quantum confinement. Plasma parameters evaluated using optical emission spectroscopy are then used as inputs for a collisional plasma model, whose calculations yield the surface temperature of the Si QDs within the plasma, justifying the crystallization behavior under certain experimental conditions. We measure the ultraviolet-visible optical properties and electronic properties through various techniques, build an energy level diagram for the valence electrons region as a function of the crystallinity of the QDs, and finally discuss the integration of these as active layers of all-inorganic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alessi
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK.
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9
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Romano F, Angeloni S, Morselli G, Mazzaro R, Morandi V, Shell JR, Cao X, Pogue BW, Ceroni P. Water-soluble silicon nanocrystals as NIR luminescent probes for time-gated biomedical imaging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7921-7926. [PMID: 32232243 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent probes based on silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) have many advantages for bioimaging compared to more conventional quantum dots: abundancy of silicon combined with its biocompatibility; tunability of the emission color of SiNCs in the red and NIR spectral region to gain deeper tissue penetration; long emission lifetimes of SiNCs (hundreds of μs) enabling time-gated acquisitions to avoid background noise caused by tissue autofluorescence and scattered excitation light. Here we report a new three-step synthesis, based on a low temperature thiol-ene click reaction that can afford SiNCs, colloidally stable in water, with preserved bright red and NIR photoluminescence (band maxima at 735 and 945 nm for nanocrystals with diameters of 4 and 5 nm, respectively) and long emission lifetimes. Their luminescence is insensitive to dioxygen and sensitive to pH changes in the physiological range, enabling pH sensing. In vivo studies demonstrated tumor accumulation, 48 hours clearance and a 3-fold improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio compared to steady-state imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romano
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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10
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Morozova S, Alikina M, Vinogradov A, Pagliaro M. Silicon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Encapsulation, and Application in Light-Emitting Diodes. Front Chem 2020; 8:191. [PMID: 32318540 PMCID: PMC7154098 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are semiconductor Si nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 10 nm that hold great applicative potential as optoelectronic devices and fluorescent bio-marking agents due to their ability to fluoresce blue and red light. Their biocompatibility compared to conventional toxic Group II-VI and III-V metal-based quantum dots makes their practical utilization even more attractive to prevent environmental pollution and harm to living organisms. This work focuses on their possible use for light-emitting diode (LED) manufacturing. Summarizing the main achievements over the past few years concerning different Si quantum dot synthetic methods, LED formation and characteristics, and strategies for their stabilization by microencapsulation and modification of their surface by specific ligands, this work aims to provide guidance en route to the development of the first stable Si-based light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Morozova
- Laboratory of Inkjet Printing of Functional Materials, SCAMT Institute, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mariya Alikina
- Laboratory of Inkjet Printing of Functional Materials, SCAMT Institute, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Vinogradov
- Laboratory of Inkjet Printing of Functional Materials, SCAMT Institute, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Palermo, Italy
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11
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Han Y, Lv W, Chen H, Li H, Chen J, Li Z, Qiu H. Chiral Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles for Aminopropanol Enantiomer: Fluorescence Discrimination and Mechanism Identification. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3949-3957. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangxia Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
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12
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Canham L. Introductory lecture: origins and applications of efficient visible photoluminescence from silicon-based nanostructures. Faraday Discuss 2020; 222:10-81. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights many spectroscopy-based studies and selected phenomenological studies of silicon-based nanostructures that provide insight into their likely PL mechanisms, and also covers six application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Canham
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
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13
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Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoplatform based on silicon nanoparticles for targeted two-photon-excited fluorescence imaging-guided chemo/photodynamic synergetic therapy in vitro. Talanta 2019; 209:120552. [PMID: 31892096 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the nanocomposites based on silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are usually limited to a single therapeutic modality, and the design of the SiNPs nanohybrids with multi-modal synergistic therapeutic functions is still worth being explored to achieve more effective treatment. Herein, we used mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) as a nanoplatform, SiNPs and the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (1-methyl 4-pyridinio) porphyrin tetra (p-toluenesulfonate) (TMPyP) were first embedded in the MSN and was further modified with folic acid (FA) to obtain the mesoporous silica nanocomposite (MSN@SiNPs@TMPyP-FA) for targeted two-photon-excited fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy. The embedded TMPyP could generate singlet oxygen to perform PDT under light irradiation, meanwhile the anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) could be loaded for chemotherapy. Moreover, due to the two-photon excited fluorescence of SiNPs, the nanocomposite successfully achieved targeted two-photon fluorescence cellular imaging at the near-infrared (NIR) laser excitation, which could effectively avoid the interference of biological auto-fluorescence. And in vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed that the synergistic therapy combining PDT and chemotherapy exhibited high therapeutic efficacy for cancer cells.
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14
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Mohapatra P, Mendivelso-Perez D, Bobbitt JM, Shaw S, Yuan B, Tian X, Smith EA, Cademartiri L. Large-Scale Synthesis of Colloidal Si Nanocrystals and Their Helium Plasma Processing into Spin-On, Carbon-Free Nanocrystalline Si Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:20740-20747. [PMID: 29847722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple approach to the large-scale synthesis of colloidal Si nanocrystals and their processing into spin-on carbon-free nanocrystalline Si films. The synthesized silicon nanoparticles are capped with decene, dispersed in hexane, and deposited on silicon substrates. The deposited films are exposed to nonoxidizing room-temperature He plasma to remove the organic ligands without adversely affecting the silicon nanoparticles to form crack-free thin films. We further show that the reactive ion etching rate in these films is 1.87 times faster than that for single-crystalline Si, consistent with a simple geometric argument that accounts for the nanoscale roughness caused by the nanoparticle shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyasha Mohapatra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , 2220 Hoover Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Deyny Mendivelso-Perez
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , Gilman Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Jonathan M Bobbitt
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , Gilman Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Santosh Shaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , 2220 Hoover Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , Sweeney Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Xinchun Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , 2220 Hoover Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Emily A Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , Gilman Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Ames Laboratory , U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Ludovico Cademartiri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , 2220 Hoover Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University of Science and Technology , Sweeney Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Ames Laboratory , U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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15
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Huang J, Li Q, Shao Z. Fabricating highly luminescent solid hybrids based on silicon nanoparticles: a simple, versatile and green method. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10250-10255. [PMID: 29790556 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a simple but novel method to transfer highly luminescent silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) from solutions to solids without sacrificing their excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties. Hybrid Si NP/clay phosphors that glowed ultrabright and had colorful PL properties were first obtained. More importantly, large-area and flexible films with superior PL properties can be easily obtained via combining the Si NP/clay hybrids with different kinds of polymer. The Si NP-based phosphors and films from our method show high stabilities with no significant loss of PL performance after long-term storage (several months). In addition, bright yellow-emitting Si NPs were prepared and used as down-converters for white-light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs). Overall, this work presents a simple, versatile and green method to fabricate Si NP-based solid hybrids with superior PL properties, which has promise to be applied in the future in solid-state lighting fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Material Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
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16
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Marro EA, Press EM, Siegler MA, Klausen RS. Directional Building Blocks Determine Linear and Cyclic Silicon Architectures. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5976-5986. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Marro
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Eric M. Press
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rebekka S. Klausen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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17
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Li S, Wang F, He XW, Li WY, Zhang YK. One-pot hydrothermal preparation of gadolinium-doped silicon nanoparticles as a dual-modal probe for multicolor fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3358-3365. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00415c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
One-pot hydrothermal preparation of gadolinium-doped silicon nanoparticles as a dual-modal probe for multicolor fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- College of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition
- Nankai University
| | - Feng Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Xi-Wen He
- College of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition
- Nankai University
| | - Wen-You Li
- College of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition
- Nankai University
| | - Yu-Kui Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition
- Nankai University
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18
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Sacarescu L, Simionescu M, Sacarescu G, Quade A, Kolb JF, Miron C. Nanostructuration of polysilane-SiQDs composite by pulsed electrical discharges in water. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Ravotto L, Chen Q, Ma Y, Vinogradov SA, Locritani M, Bergamini G, Negri F, Yu Y, Korgel BA, Ceroni P. Bright long-lived luminescence of silicon nanocrystals sensitized by two-photon absorbing antenna. Chem 2017; 2:550-560. [PMID: 28966989 PMCID: PMC5619661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals of the average diameter of 5 nm, functionalized with 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole chromophores (TBT) and dodecyl chains, exhibit near-infrared emission upon one-photon (1P) excitation at 515 nm and two-photon (2P) excitation at 960 nm. By using TBT chromophores as an antenna we were able to enhance both 1P and 2P absorption cross-sections of the silicon nanocrystals to more efficiently excite their long-lived luminescence. These results chart a path to two-photon-excitable imaging probes with long-lived oxygen-independent luminescence - a rare combination of properties that should allow for a substantial increase in imaging contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ravotto
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China)
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China)
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mirko Locritani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Yixuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brian A Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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20
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Lahiri A, Lu T, Behrens N, Borisenko N, Li G, Endres F. Hydrofluoric Acid-Free Electroless Deposition of Metals on Silicon in Ionic Liquids and Its Enhanced Performance in Lithium Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11350-11355. [PMID: 28332814 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles such as Au, Ag, Pt, and so forth have been deposited on silicon by electroless deposition in the presence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) for applications such as oxygen reduction reaction, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, as well as for lithium ion batteries. Here, we show an HF-free process wherein metals such as Sb and Ag could be deposited onto electrodeposited silicon in ionic liquids. We further show that, compared to electrodeposited silicon, Sb-modified Si demonstrates a better performance for lithium storage. The present study opens a new paradigm for the electroless deposition technique in ionic liquids for developing and modifying functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Lahiri
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Niklas Behrens
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Natalia Borisenko
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Guozhu Li
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Frank Endres
- Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology , Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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21
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Kim KH, Johnson EV, Kazanskii AG, Khenkin MV, Roca I Cabarrocas P. Unravelling a simple method for the low temperature synthesis of silicon nanocrystals and monolithic nanocrystalline thin films. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40553. [PMID: 28091562 PMCID: PMC5238367 DOI: 10.1038/srep40553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present new results on the plasma processing and structure of hydrogenated polymorphous silicon (pm-Si:H) thin films. pm-Si:H thin films consist of a low volume fraction of silicon nanocrystals embedded in a silicon matrix with medium range order, and they possess this morphology as a significant contribution to their growth comes from the impact on the substrate of silicon clusters and nanocrystals synthesized in the plasma. Quadrupole mass spectrometry, ion flux measurements, and material characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy all provide insight on the contribution to the growth by silicon nanocrystals during PECVD deposition. In particular, cross-section TEM measurements show for the first time that the silicon nanocrystals are uniformly distributed across the thickness of the pm-Si:H film. Moreover, parametric studies indicate that the best pm-Si:H material is obtained at the conditions after the transition between a pristine plasma and one containing nanocrystals, namely a total gas pressure around 2 Torr and a silane to hydrogen ratio between 0.05 to 0.1. From a practical point of view these conditions also correspond to the highest deposition rate achievable for a given RF power and silane flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Hyun Kim
- KIER-UNIST Advanced Center for Energy, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 44919, Ulsan, South Korea.,LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France.,TOTAL New Energies, 92069 Paris, France
| | - Erik V Johnson
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Mark V Khenkin
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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22
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Mazzaro R, Romano F, Ceroni P. Long-lived luminescence of silicon nanocrystals: from principles to applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:26507-26526. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Understanding parameters affecting the luminescence of silicon nanocrystals will guide the design of improved systems for a plethora of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaello Mazzaro
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”
- University of Bologna, and Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy (SolarChem)
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Francesco Romano
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”
- University of Bologna, and Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy (SolarChem)
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”
- University of Bologna, and Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy (SolarChem)
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
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23
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Mobarok MH, Purkait TK, Islam MA, Miskolzie M, Veinot JGC. Instantaneous Functionalization of Chemically Etched Silicon Nanocrystal Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:6073-6077. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Hosnay Mobarok
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Tapas K. Purkait
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Muhammad Amirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Mark Miskolzie
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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24
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Mobarok MH, Purkait TK, Islam MA, Miskolzie M, Veinot JGC. Instantaneous Functionalization of Chemically Etched Silicon Nanocrystal Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Hosnay Mobarok
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Tapas K. Purkait
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Muhammad Amirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Mark Miskolzie
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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25
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Sensitive detection of copper ions via ion-responsive fluorescence quenching of engineered porous silicon nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35565. [PMID: 27752120 PMCID: PMC5067703 DOI: 10.1038/srep35565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has been a problem since the advent of modern transportation, which despite efforts to curb emissions, continues to play a critical role in environmental pollution. Copper ions (Cu2+), in particular, are one of the more prevalent metals that have widespread detrimental ramifications. From this perspective, a simple and inexpensive method of detecting Cu2+ at the micromolar level would be highly desirable. In this study, we use porous silicon nanoparticles (NPs), obtained via anodic etching of Si wafers, as a basis for undecylenic acid (UDA)- or acrylic acid (AA)-mediated hydrosilylation. The resulting alkyl-terminated porous silicon nanoparticles (APS NPs) have enhanced fluorescence stability and intensity, and importantly, exhibit [Cu2+]-dependent quenching of fluorescence. After determining various aqueous sensing conditions for Cu2+, we demonstrate the use of APS NPs in two separate applications – a standard well-based paper kit and a portable layer-by-layer stick kit. Collectively, we demonstrate the potential of APS NPs in sensors for the effective detection of Cu2+.
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26
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Li Q, Luo TY, Zhou M, Abroshan H, Huang J, Kim HJ, Rosi NL, Shao Z, Jin R. Silicon Nanoparticles with Surface Nitrogen: 90% Quantum Yield with Narrow Luminescence Bandwidth and the Ligand Structure Based Energy Law. ACS NANO 2016; 10:8385-8393. [PMID: 27548639 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely accepted as an alternative material for typical quantum dots and commercial organic dyes in light-emitting and bioimaging applications owing to silicon's intrinsic merits of least toxicity, low cost, and high abundance. However, to date, how to improve Si nanoparticle photoluminescence (PL) performance (such as ultrahigh quantum yield, sharp emission peak, high stability) is still a major issue. Herein, we report surface nitrogen-capped Si NPs with PL quantum yield up to 90% and narrow PL bandwidth (full width at half-maximum (fwhm) ≈ 40 nm), which can compete with commercial dyes and typical quantum dots. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to unveil the influence of particle size, structure, and amount of surface ligand on the PL of Si NPs. Especially, a general ligand-structure-based PL energy law for surface nitrogen-capped Si NPs is identified in both experimental and theoretical analyses, and the underlying PL mechanisms are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tian-Yi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hadi Abroshan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jingchun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Material Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hyung J Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study , Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Nathaniel L Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Advanced Material Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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27
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Botas AMP, Anthony RJ, Wu J, Rowe DJ, Silva NJO, Kortshagen U, Pereira RN, Ferreira RAS. Influence of the surface termination on the light emission of crystalline silicon nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:325703. [PMID: 27348305 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/32/325703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The light emission properties of silicon crystalline nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been investigated using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements carried out at 12 K and at room temperature. To enable a comparative study of the role of surface terminal groups on the optical properties, we investigated SiNPs-H ensembles with the same mean NP diameter but differing on the surface termination, namely organic-functionalized with 1-dodecene (SiNPs-C12) and H-terminated (SiNPs-H). We show that although the spectral dependence of the light emission is rather unaffected by surface termination, characterized by a single broad band peaking at ∼1.64 eV, both the exciton recombination lifetimes and quantum yields display a pronounced dependence on the surface termination. Exciton lifetimes and quantum yields are found to be significantly lower in SiNPs-H compared SiNPs-C12. This difference is due to distinct non-radiative recombination probabilities resulting from inter-NP exciton migration, which in SiNPs-C12 is inhibited by the energy barriers imposed by the bulky surface groups. The surface groups of organic-terminated SiPs are responsible for the inhibition of inter-NP exciton transfer, yielding a higher quantum yield compared to SiNPs-H. The surface oxidation of SiNPs-C12 leads to the appearance of a phenomenon of an exciton transference from to the Si core to oxide-related states that contribute to light emission. These excitons recombine radiatively, explaining why the emission quantum of the organic-terminated SiNPs is the same after surface oxidation of SiNPs-C12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre M P Botas
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Department of Physics and I3N, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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28
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Romano F, Yu Y, Korgel BA, Bergamini G, Ceroni P. Light-Harvesting Antennae Based on Silicon Nanocrystals. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:53. [PMID: 27573405 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) nanocrystals are relatively strong light emitters, but are weak light absorbers as a result of their indirect band gap. One way to enhance light absorption is to functionalize the nanocrystals with chromophores that are strong light absorbers. By designing systems that enable efficient energy transfer from the chromophore to the Si nanocrystal, the brightness of the nanocrystals can be significantly increased. There have now been a few experimental systems in which covalent attachment of chromophores, efficient energy transfer and significantly increased brightness have been demonstrated. This review discusses progress on these systems and the remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romano
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yixuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Brian A Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
- Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM), Unità di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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29
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Fermi A, Locritani M, Di Carlo G, Pizzotti M, Caramori S, Yu Y, Korgel BA, Bergamini G, Ceroni P. Light-harvesting antennae based on photoactive silicon nanocrystals functionalized with porphyrin chromophores. Faraday Discuss 2016; 185:481-95. [PMID: 26399301 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00098j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals functionalized with tetraphenylporphyrin Zn(II) chromophores at the periphery perform as light harvesting antennae: excitation of the porphyrin units in the visible spectral region yields sensitized emission of the silicon nanocrystal core in the near infrared with a long lifetime (λ(max) = 905 nm, τ = 130 μs). This result demonstrates that this hybrid material has a potential application as a luminescent probe for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fermi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mirko Locritani
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Pizzotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, INSTM UdR Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 - Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yixuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Brian A Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Giacomo Bergamini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy. and INSTM UdR Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy. and Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM), Italy
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30
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Zarschler K, Rocks L, Licciardello N, Boselli L, Polo E, Garcia KP, De Cola L, Stephan H, Dawson KA. Ultrasmall inorganic nanoparticles: State-of-the-art and perspectives for biomedical applications. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1663-701. [PMID: 27013135 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasmall nanoparticulate materials with core sizes in the 1-3nm range bridge the gap between single molecules and classical, larger-sized nanomaterials, not only in terms of spatial dimension, but also as regards physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Due to these unique properties, ultrasmall nanoparticles appear to be promising materials for nanomedicinal applications. This review overviews the different synthetic methods of inorganic ultrasmall nanoparticles as well as their properties, characterization, surface modification and toxicity. We moreover summarize the current state of knowledge regarding pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and targeting of nanoscale materials. Aside from addressing the issue of biomolecular corona formation and elaborating on the interactions of ultrasmall nanoparticles with individual cells, we discuss the potential diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications of ultrasmall nanoparticles in the emerging field of nanomedicine in the final part of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Zarschler
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Louise Rocks
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Nadia Licciardello
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany; Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France; Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luca Boselli
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ester Polo
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Karina Pombo Garcia
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France; Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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31
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Sahu BB, Yin Y, Gauter S, Han JG, Kersten H. Plasma engineering of silicon quantum dots and their properties through energy deposition and chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25837-25851. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05647d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The authors growth and microstructure of a silicon quantum dot film by tailoring the plasma chemistry and deposition energy are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhuti Bhusan Sahu
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Yongyi Yin
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Sven Gauter
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel
- 19 D-24098 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Jeon Geon Han
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Holger Kersten
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel
- 19 D-24098 Kiel
- Germany
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32
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Sahu BB, Yin Y, Han JG, Shiratani M. Low temperature synthesis of silicon quantum dots with plasma chemistry control in dual frequency non-thermal plasmas. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:15697-710. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01856d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The design of advanced plasma processes by plasma and radical control is essential for the controlled low-temperature deposition of different size QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhuti Bhusan Sahu
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Yongyi Yin
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Jeon Geon Han
- Center for Advanced Plasma Surface Technology (CAPST)
- NU-SKKU Joint Institute for Plasma Nano Materials
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
| | - Masaharu Shiratani
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
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33
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Askari S, Svrcek V, Maguire P, Mariotti D. The Interplay of Quantum Confinement and Hydrogenation in Amorphous Silicon Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:8011-8016. [PMID: 26523743 PMCID: PMC4738462 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation in amorphous silicon quantum dots (QDs) has a dramatic impact on the corresponding optical properties and band energy structure, leading to a quantum-confined composite material with unique characteristics. The synthesis of a-Si:H QDs is demonstrated with an atmospheric-pressure plasma process, which allows for accurate control of a highly chemically reactive non-equilibrium environment with temperatures well below the crystallization temperature of Si QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Askari
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre-NIBEC, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Vladmir Svrcek
- Research Center for Photovoltaic Technologies, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology-AIST, Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Paul Maguire
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre-NIBEC, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre-NIBEC, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK
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34
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots (QDs), are candidates for biological sensing, photovoltaics, and catalysis due to their unique photophysical properties. The most studied QDs are composed of heavy metals like cadmium and lead. However, this engenders concerns over heavy metal toxicity. To address this issue, numerous studies have explored the development of nontoxic (or more accurately less toxic) quantum dots. In this Review, we select three major classes of nontoxic quantum dots composed of carbon, silicon and Group I-III-VI elements and discuss the myriad of synthetic strategies and surface modification methods to synthesize quantum dots composed of these material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adita Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Preston T Snee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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35
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Cheng X, Hinde E, Owen DM, Lowe SB, Reece PJ, Gaus K, Gooding JJ. Enhancing Quantum Dots for Bioimaging using Advanced Surface Chemistry and Advanced Optical Microscopy: Application to Silicon Quantum Dots (SiQDs). ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6144-50. [PMID: 26331712 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy is successfully demonstrated in both one- and two-photon cases with surface modified, nanocrystalline silicon quantum dots in the context of bioimaging. The technique is further demonstrated in combination with Förster resonance energy transfer studies where the color of the nanoparticles is tuned by using organic dye acceptors directly conjugated onto the nanoparticle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Hinde
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dylan M Owen
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart B Lowe
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peter J Reece
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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36
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Zhong Y, Sun X, Wang S, Peng F, Bao F, Su Y, Li Y, Lee ST, He Y. Facile, Large-Quantity Synthesis of Stable, Tunable-Color Silicon Nanoparticles and Their Application for Long-Term Cellular Imaging. ACS NANO 2015; 9:5958-67. [PMID: 26027458 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We herein introduce a facile, low-cost photochemical method capable of rapid (<40 min) and large-quantity (∼10 g) production of highly fluorescent (quantum yield: 25%) silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) of tunable optical properties (peak emission wavelength in the range of 470-560 nm) under ambient air conditions, by introducing 1,8-naphthalimide as a reducing agent and surface ligands. The as-prepared SiNPs feature robust storage stability and photostability preserving strong and stable fluorescent during long-term (>3 h) high-power UV irradiation, in contrast to the rapid fluorescence quenching within 2 h of conventional organic dyes and II-VI quantum dots under the same conditions. The as-prepared SiNPs serving as photostable nanoprobes are workable for cellular imaging in long-term manners. Our findings provide a powerful method for mild-condition and low-cost, large-quantity production of highly fluorescent and photostable SiNPs for various promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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37
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Yu Y, Rowland CE, Schaller RD, Korgel BA. Synthesis and Ligand Exchange of Thiol-Capped Silicon Nanocrystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6886-6893. [PMID: 26024323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydride-terminated silicon (Si) nanocrystals were capped with dodecanethiol by a thermally promoted thiolation reaction. Under an inert atmosphere, the thiol-capped nanocrystals exhibit photoluminescence (PL) properties similar to those of alkene-capped Si nanocrystals, including size-tunable emission wavelength, relatively high quantum yields (>10%), and long radiative lifetimes (26-280 μs). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the ligands attach to the nanocrystal surface via covalent Si-S bonds. The thiol-capping layer, however, readily undergoes hydrolysis and severe degradation in the presence of moisture. Dodecanethiol could be exchanged with dodecene by hydrosilylation for enhanced stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Yu
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
| | - Clare E Rowland
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- §Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Brian A Korgel
- †McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, United States
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38
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Song C, Zhong Y, Jiang X, Peng F, Lu Y, Ji X, Su Y, He Y. Peptide-Conjugated Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles Enabling Simultaneous Tracking and Specific Destruction of Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6718-23. [PMID: 26021403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We herein introduce a kind of fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) bioprobes, that is, peptides-conjugated SiNPs, which simultaneously feature small sizes (<10 nm), biological functionality, and stable and strong fluorescence (photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY): ∼28%), as well as favorable biocompatibility. Taking advantage of these merits, we further demonstrate such resultant SiNPs bioprobes are superbly suitable for real-time immunofluorescence imaging of cancer cells. Meanwhile, malignant tumor cells could be specifically destroyed by the peptides-conjugated SiNPs, suggesting potential promise of simultaneous detection and treatment of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Song
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yiling Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiangxu Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yimei Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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39
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Hwang J, Jeong Y, Lee KH, Seo Y, Kim J, Hong JW, Kamaloo E, Camesano TA, Choi J. Simple Preparation of Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles from Used Si Wafers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jangsun Hwang
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
- Department
of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi 426-791, Korea
| | - Kwan Hong Lee
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
- Department
of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi 426-791, Korea
- OpenView Venture
Partners, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Youngmin Seo
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
- Department
of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi 426-791, Korea
| | - Elaheh Kamaloo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Terri A. Camesano
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department
of Bionano Technology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
- Department
of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi 426-791, Korea
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40
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Elbasiony AM, Olschewski M, El Abedin SZ, Endres F. Template-Free Electrodeposition of SnSi Nanowires from an Ionic Liquid. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Separation of colloidal two dimensional materials by density gradient ultracentrifugation. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Qian C, Sun W, Wang L, Chen C, Liao K, Wang W, Jia J, Hatton BD, Casillas G, Kurylowicz M, Yip CM, Mastronardi ML, Ozin GA. Non-wettable, Oxidation-Stable, Brightly Luminescent, Perfluorodecyl-Capped Silicon Nanocrystal Film. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15849-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5081037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Qian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Wei Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Metal and Molecule-based Material Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
| | - Kristine Liao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Wendong Wang
- Wyss
Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jia Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Benjamin D. Hatton
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Gilberto Casillas
- Electron
Microscopy Centre, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Marty Kurylowicz
- Department
of Biochemistry, and Terrence
Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Yip
- Department
of Biochemistry, and Terrence
Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | - Geoffrey A. Ozin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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43
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Jing L, Ding K, Kershaw SV, Kempson IM, Rogach AL, Gao M. Magnetically engineered semiconductor quantum dots as multimodal imaging probes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6367-86. [PMID: 25178258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Light-emitting semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) combined with magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents within a single nanoparticle platform are considered to perform as multimodal imaging probes in biomedical research and related clinical applications. The principles of their rational design are outlined and contemporary synthetic strategies are reviewed (heterocrystalline growth; co-encapsulation or assembly of preformed QDs and magnetic nanoparticles; conjugation of magnetic chelates onto QDs; and doping of QDs with transition metal ions), identifying the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches. Some of the opportunities and benefits that arise through in vivo imaging using these dual-mode probes are highlighted where tumor location and delineation is demonstrated in both MRI and fluorescence modality. Work on the toxicological assessments of QD/magnetic nanoparticles is also reviewed, along with progress in reducing their toxicological side effects for eventual clinical use. The review concludes with an outlook for future biomedical imaging and the identification of key challenges in reaching clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Jing
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing, 100190, China
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44
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Cheng X, Lowe SB, Ciampi S, Magenau A, Gaus K, Reece PJ, Gooding JJ. Versatile "click chemistry" approach to functionalizing silicon quantum dots: applications toward fluorescent cellular imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:5209-5216. [PMID: 24716818 DOI: 10.1021/la500945f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a solution procedure for the preparation and surface modification of photostable colloidal silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) for imaging of cancer cells. Photoluminescent SiQDs were synthesized by reduction of halogenated silane precursors using a microemulsion process. It was shown that 1,8-nonadiyne molecules could be grafted onto the surface of hydrogen-terminated SiQDs via ultraviolet (UV)-promoted hydrosilylation, demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. In addition, various azide molecules were coupled onto nonadiyne-functionalized particles, rendering particles dispersible in selected polar and nonpolar solvents. The photoluminescence of functionalized SiQDs was stable against photobleaching and did not vary appreciably within biologically applicable pH and temperature ranges. To demonstrate compatibility with biological systems, water-soluble SiQDs were used for fluorescent imaging of HeLa cells. In addition, the SiQDs were shown to be non-cytotoxic at concentrations up to 240 μg/mL. The results presented herein provide good evidence for the versatility of functionalized SiQDs for fluorescent bioimaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- School of Chemistry, ‡Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, ∥Centre for Vascular Research, and #School of Physics, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Ghosh B, Shirahata N. Colloidal silicon quantum dots: synthesis and luminescence tuning from the near-UV to the near-IR range. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2014; 15:014207. [PMID: 27877634 PMCID: PMC5090595 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/15/1/014207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This review describes a series of representative synthesis processes, which have been developed in the last two decades to prepare silicon quantum dots (QDs). The methods include both top-down and bottom-up approaches, and their methodological advantages and disadvantages are presented. Considerable efforts in surface functionalization of QDs have categorized it into (i) a two-step process and (ii) in situ surface derivatization. Photophysical properties of QDs are summarized to highlight the continuous tuning of photoluminescence color from the near-UV through visible to the near-IR range. The emission features strongly depend on the silicon nanostructures including QD surface configurations. Possible mechanisms of photoluminescence have been summarized to ascertain the future challenges toward industrial use of silicon-based light emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batu Ghosh
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Naoto Shirahata
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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Choi J, Kim K, Han HS, Hwang MP, Lee KH. Electrochemical Synthesis of Red Fluorescent Silicon Nanoparticles. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li Z, Sun Q, Zhu Y, Tan B, Xu ZP, Dou SX. Ultra-small fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles for bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2793-2818. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21760d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances of ultra-small fluorescence inorganic nanoparticles including quantum dots, metal nanoclusters, carbon and graphene dots, up-conversion nanocrystals, and silicon nanoparticles have been comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Institute of Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- The University of Wollongong
- NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Qiao Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yian Zhu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- Institute of Superconducting and Electronic Materials
- The University of Wollongong
- NSW 2500, Australia
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Chen B, Dong B, Wang J, Zhang S, Xu L, Yu W, Song H. Amphiphilic silane modified NaYF4:Yb,Er loaded with Eu(TTA)3(TPPO)2 nanoparticles and their multi-functions: dual mode temperature sensing and cell imaging. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8541-8549. [PMID: 23892394 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) have become one of the most promising luminescent materials for bio-applications, but their use still meets some limitations by difficulties in obtaining biocompatible UCNPs. To address this problem, we have developed a simple and versatile strategy for converting hydrophobic UCNPs into hydrophilic ones by amphiphilic silane modification with ultrathin thickness at room temperature (RT). In this strategy, the coating layers can also afford the place for loading with Eu(TTA)3(TPPO)2 complex which displays down conversion luminescence (DCL). Due to the UC and DC properties, we achieved the dual mode physiological range temperature sensing and dual mode cell imaging. Such novel nanomaterials offer a new surface modification strategy for the NPs that are formed in the oil phase for bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boting Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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Electrodeposition of silicon from three different ionic liquids: possible influence of the anion on the deposition process. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yan Q, Zuo L, Gu Z, Yang L, Wang R, Wang M, Chen H. Improved Photovoltaic Performance of MEH-PPV/PCBM Solar Cells via Incorporation of Si Nanocrystals. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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