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Aryal UK, Reddy SS, Choi J, Woo CY, Jang S, Lee Y, Kim BS, Lee HW, Jin SH. Efficient Cathode Interfacial Materials Based on Triazine/Phosphine Oxide for Conventional and Inverted Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Lin CH, Huang CW, Wang PH, Guo TF, Wen TC. Sol–gel ZnO modified by organic dye molecules for efficient inverted polymer solar cells. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Li T, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tu J, Deng X, Li Q, Li Z. Materials for Interfaces in Organic Solar Cells and Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3301-3326. [PMID: 31845796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interface engineering is very important to the high performance of organic optoelectronic devices that are commonly composed of multilayer thin solid films. Interfacial materials are particularly crucial for interface engineering, and a variety of materials have been employed at the interface to accomplish various different functions. This Review summarizes various materials for the interfaces and some of the latest progress in organic solar cells (OSCs) and organic photodetectors (OPDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Jin Tu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Xianyu Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 30072 , China
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4
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Di Carlo Rasi D, Janssen RAJ. Advances in Solution-Processed Multijunction Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806499. [PMID: 30589124 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of organic solar cells can benefit from multijunction device architectures, in which energy losses are substantially reduced. Herein, recent developments in the field of solution-processed multijunction organic solar cells are described. Recently, various strategies have been investigated and implemented to improve the performance of these devices. Next to developing new materials and processing methods for the photoactive and interconnecting layers, specific layers or stacks are designed to increase light absorption and improve the photocurrent by utilizing optical interference effects. These activities have resulted in power conversion efficiencies that approach those of modern thin film photovoltaic technologies. Multijunction cells require more elaborate and intricate characterization procedures to establish their efficiency correctly and a critical view on the results and new insights in this matter are discussed. Application of multijunction cells in photoelectrochemical water splitting and upscaling toward a commercial technology is briefly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Di Carlo Rasi
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612, AJ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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5
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Ou RX, Lin CH, Guo TF, Wen TC. Improvement in inverted polymer solar cells via 1-benzoyl-2-thiourea as surface modifier on sol-gel ZnO. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Kim S, Jeong J, Hoang QV, Han JW, Prasetio A, Jahandar M, Kim YH, Cho S, Chan Lim D. The role of cation and anion dopant incorporated into a ZnO electron transporting layer for polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:37714-37723. [PMID: 35541802 PMCID: PMC9075736 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06974g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Doping is a widely-implemented strategy for enhancing the inherent electronic properties of charge transport layers in photovoltaic devices. A facile solution-processed zinc oxide (ZnO) and various cation and anion-doped ZnO layers were synthesized via the sol–gel method and employed as electron transport layers (ETLs) for inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). The results indicated that all PSCs with doped ZnO ETLs exhibited better photovoltaic performance compared with the PSCs with a pristine ZnO ETL. By exploring the role of various anion and cation dopants (three compounds with the same Al3+ cation: Al(acac)3, Al(NO3)3, AlCl3 and three compounds with the same Cl− anion: NH4Cl, MgCl2, AlCl3), we found that the work function changed to favor electronic extraction only when the Cl anion was involved. In addition, the conductivity of ZnO was enhanced more with the Al3+ cation. Therefore, in inverted solar cells, doping with Al3+ and Cl− delivered the best power conversion efficiency (PCE). The maximum PCE of 10.38% was achieved from the device with ZnO doped with Al+ and Cl−. The role of cation and anion dopant incorporated into a ZnO layer was systematically investigated. We found that the work function was changed to favor electronic extraction only with Cl anion, while the conductivity change depended on the cation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Kim
- Surface Technology Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jeong
- Surface Technology Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Quoc Viet Hoang
- Vietnam–Korea Technological Innovation Center
- Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality (STAMEQ)
- Ha Noi
- Vietnam
| | - Joo Won Han
- Department of Display Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 48513
- Republic of Korea
| | - Adi Prasetio
- Surface Technology Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Display Engineering
| | - Muhammad Jahandar
- Surface Technology Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Kim
- Department of Display Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan 48513
- Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics
- EHSRC
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chan Lim
- Surface Technology Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
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Chen YC, Lin CH, Guo TF, Wen TC. Surfactant-Enriched ZnO Surface via Sol-Gel Process for the Efficient Inverted Polymer Solar Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26805-26811. [PMID: 30009608 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate that the top surface is enriched by surfactants, tetraoctylammonium bromide, and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), in the sol-gel ZnO, being evidenced by the Br depth profile of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis data. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed the formation of Zn-Br bonding due to the oxygen defects occupied by Br at the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface. The surfactant-enriched ZnO surface possessed a smoother surface and more hydrophobicity than the pristine ZnO from the experimental results of atomic force microscopy and contact angle, respectively. On the basis of ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data, the work function slightly reduced due to the dipole built-up by the electrostatic force between Br- and N+ to enhance the electron extraction ability. The improved properties benefited the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs) by spin-coating the active layer on the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface. The inverted PSCs with the surfactant-enriched ZnO surface showed the highest PCE of 9.55% for the CPB case, in comparison with the pristine ZnO surface (8.08% PCE). This study discloses that turning the ZnO surface is easily achieved by the addition of surfactants with different molecular structures in the sol-gel ZnO for high performance polymer solar cells.
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Huang YJ, Chen HC, Lin HK, Wei KH. Doping ZnO Electron Transport Layers with MoS 2 Nanosheets Enhances the Efficiency of Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:20196-20204. [PMID: 29783839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we incorporated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets into sol-gel processing of zinc oxide (ZnO) to form ZnO:MoS2 composites for use as electron transport layers (ETLs) in inverted polymer solar cells featuring a binary bulk heterojunction active layer. We could effectively tune the energy band of the ZnO:MoS2 composite film from 4.45 to 4.22 eV by varying the content of MoS2 up to 0.5 wt %, such that the composite was suitable for use in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices based on poly[bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thien-2-yl)benzodithiophene- alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothienothiophene)-2-carboxylate-2,6-diyl] (PTB7-TH)/phenyl-C71-butryric acid methyl ester (PC71BM). In particular, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PTB7-TH/PC71BM (1:1.5, w/w) device incorporating the ZnO:MoS2 (0.5 wt %) composite layer as the ETL was 10.1%, up from 8.8% for the corresponding device featuring ZnO alone as the ETL, a relative increase of 15%. Incorporating a small amount of MoS2 nanosheets into the ETL altered the morphology of the ETL and resulted in enhanced current densities, fill factors, and PCEs for the devices. We used ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, synchrotron grazing incidence wide-/small-angle X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to characterize the energy band structures, internal structures, surface roughness, and morphologies, respectively, of the ZnO:MoS2 composite films.
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Optoelectronic engineering with organic dyes: utilizing squaraine and perylene diimide to access an electron-deficient molecule with near-IR absorption. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Huo Z, Zhang P, Li J, Tong J, Yang C, Dou W, Xia Y. Wide bandgap conjugated polymers based on bithiophene and benzotriazole for bulk heterojunction solar cells: Thiophene versus thieno[3,2- b]thiophene as π-conjugated spacers. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2017.1309250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zejuan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Tong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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11
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Cai Y, Huo L, Sun Y. Recent Advances in Wide-Bandgap Photovoltaic Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605437. [PMID: 28370466 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed significant advances in the field of organic solar cells (OSCs). Ongoing improvements in the power conversion efficiency of OSCs have been achieved, which were mainly attributed to the design and synthesis of novel conjugated polymers with different architectures and functional moieties. Among various conjugated polymers, the development of wide-bandgap (WBG) polymers has received less attention than that of low-bandgap and medium-bandgap polymers. Here, we briefly summarize recent advances in WBG polymers and their applications in organic photovoltaic (PV) devices, such as tandem, ternary, and non-fullerene solar cells. Addtionally, we also dissuss the application of high open-circuit voltage tandem solar cells in PV-driven electrochemical water dissociation. We mainly focus on the molecular design strategies, the structure-property correlations, and the photovoltaic performance of these WBG polymers. Finally, we extract empirical regularities and provide invigorating perspectives on the future development of WBG photovoltaic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Cai
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
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12
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Qin Y, Chen Y, Cui Y, Zhang S, Yao H, Huang J, Li W, Zheng Z, Hou J. Achieving 12.8% Efficiency by Simultaneously Improving Open-Circuit Voltage and Short-Circuit Current Density in Tandem Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606340. [PMID: 28464533 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tandem organic solar cells (TOSCs), which integrate multiple organic photovoltaic layers with complementary absorption in series, have been proved to be a strong contender in organic photovoltaic depending on their advantages in harvesting a greater part of the solar spectrum and more efficient photon utilization than traditional single-junction organic solar cells. However, simultaneously improving open circuit voltage (Voc ) and short current density (Jsc ) is a still particularly tricky issue for highly efficient TOSCs. In this work, by employing the low-bandgap nonfullerene acceptor, IEICO, into the rear cell to extend absorption, and meanwhile introducing PBDD4T-2F into the front cell for improving Voc , an impressive efficiency of 12.8% has been achieved in well-designed TOSC. This result is also one of the highest efficiencies reported in state-of-the-art organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Qin
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Wanning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer, Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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13
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14
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Wang Z, Sano T, Zhuang T, Sasabe H, Kido J. DBP and C 70 based inverted tandem solar cells using a simple interconnecting layer. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04501h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inverted tandem structure cells with a simple interconnecting layer based on tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP) and fullerene-70 (C70) were studied in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials (Ministry of Education)
- Research Center of Advanced Materials Science and Technology
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Takeshi Sano
- Department of Organic Device Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL)
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
| | - Taojun Zhuang
- Department of Organic Device Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL)
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
| | - Hisahiro Sasabe
- Department of Organic Device Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL)
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
| | - Junji Kido
- Department of Organic Device Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Organic Electronics (ROEL)
- Yamagata University
- Yonezawa
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15
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Liang X, Bai S, Wang X, Dai X, Gao F, Sun B, Ning Z, Ye Z, Jin Y. Colloidal metal oxide nanocrystals as charge transporting layers for solution-processed light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:1730-1759. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00122j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This review bridges the chemistry of colloidal oxide nanocrystals and their application as charge transporting interlayers in solution-processed optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Bai
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-581 83 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-581 83 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhizhen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yizheng Jin
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
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16
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Yin Z, Wei J, Zheng Q. Interfacial Materials for Organic Solar Cells: Recent Advances and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1500362. [PMID: 27812480 PMCID: PMC5067618 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have shown great promise as low-cost photovoltaic devices for solar energy conversion over the past decade. Interfacial engineering provides a powerful strategy to enhance efficiency and stability of OSCs. With the rapid advances of interface layer materials and active layer materials, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of both single-junction and tandem OSCs have exceeded a landmark value of 10%. This review summarizes the latest advances in interfacial layers for single-junction and tandem OSCs. Electron or hole transporting materials, including metal oxides, polymers/small-molecules, metals and metal salts/complexes, carbon-based materials, organic-inorganic hybrids/composites, and other emerging materials, are systemically presented as cathode and anode interface layers for high performance OSCs. Meanwhile, incorporating these electron-transporting and hole-transporting layer materials as building blocks, a variety of interconnecting layers for conventional or inverted tandem OSCs are comprehensively discussed, along with their functions to bridge the difference between adjacent subcells. By analyzing the structure-property relationships of various interfacial materials, the important design rules for such materials towards high efficiency and stable OSCs are highlighted. Finally, we present a brief summary as well as some perspectives to help researchers understand the current challenges and opportunities in this emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qingdong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
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17
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Zhang Q, Wan X, Liu F, Kan B, Li M, Feng H, Zhang H, Russell TP, Chen Y. Evaluation of Small Molecules as Front Cell Donor Materials for High-Efficiency Tandem Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:7008-7012. [PMID: 27214707 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three small molecules as front cell donors for tandem cells are thoroughly evaluated and a high power conversion efficiency of 11.47% is achieved, which demonstrates that the oligomer-like small molecules offer a good choice for high-performance tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Materials Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bin Kan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huanran Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Yuan H, Fan Y, Xing C, Niu R, Chai R, Zhan Y, Qi J, An H, Xu J. Conjugated Polymer-Based Hybrid Materials for Turn-On Detection of CO2 in Plant Photosynthesis. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6593-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yibing Fan
- Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Chengfen Xing
- Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Niu
- Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Ran Chai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Qi
- Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Hailong An
- Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, P.R. China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Lee J, Kang H, Kee S, Lee SH, Jeong SY, Kim G, Kim J, Hong S, Back H, Lee K. Long-Term Stable Recombination Layer for Tandem Polymer Solar Cells Using Self-Doped Conducting Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6144-6151. [PMID: 26901273 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, the most efficient tandem polymer solar cells (PSCs) have used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) as a p-type component of recombination layer (RL). However, its undesirable acidic nature, originating from insulating PSS, of PEDOT PSS drastically reduces the lifetime of PSCs. Here, we demonstrate the efficient and stable tandem PSCs by introducing acid-free self-doped conducting polymer (SCP), combined with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), as RL for PEDOT PSS-free tandem PSCs. Moreover, we introduce an innovative and versatile nanocomposite system containing photoactive and p-type conjugated polyelectrolyte (p-CPE) into the tandem fabrication of an ideal self-organized recombination layer. In our new RL, highly conductive SCP facilitates charge transport and recombination process, and p-CPE helps to achieve nearly loss-free charge collection by increasing effective work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) and SCP. Because of the synergistic effect of extremely low electrical resistance, ohmic contact, and pH neutrality, tandem devices with our novel RL performed well, exhibiting a high power conversion efficiency of 10.2% and a prolonged lifetime. These findings provide a new insight for strategic design of RLs using SCPs to achieve efficient and stable tandem PSCs and enable us to review and extend the usefulness of SCPs in various electronics research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Hongkyu Kang
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Seyoung Kee
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Seoung Ho Lee
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Song Yi Jeong
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Geunjin Kim
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Soonil Hong
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Hyungcheol Back
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
| | - Kwanghee Lee
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics (DNE), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE) and ‡Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Korea
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20
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Li C, Ding Y, Soliman M, Lorenzo J, Dhasmana N, Chantharasupawong P, Ievlev AV, Gesquiere AJ, Tetard L, Thomas J. Probing Ternary Solvent Effect in High V(oc) Polymer Solar Cells Using Advanced AFM Techniques. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:4730-4738. [PMID: 26807919 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a simple method to develop a high V(oc) low band gap PSCs. In addition, two new atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale characterization techniques to study the surface morphology and physical properties of the structured active layer are introduced. With the help of ternary solvent processing of the active layer and C60 buffer layer, a bulk heterojunction PSC with V(oc) more than 0.9 V and conversion efficiency 7.5% is developed. In order to understand the fundamental properties of the materials ruling the performance of the PSCs tested, AFM-based nanoscale characterization techniques including Pulsed-Force-Mode AFM (PFM-AFM) and Mode-Synthesizing AFM (MSAFM) are introduced. Interestingly, MSAFM exhibits high sensitivity for direct visualization of the donor-acceptor phases in the active layer of the PSCs. Finally, conductive-AFM (cAFM) studies reveal local variations in conductivity in the donor and acceptor phases as well as a significant increase in photocurrent in the PTB7:ICBA sample obtained with the ternary solvent processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Yi Ding
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Mikhael Soliman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Josie Lorenzo
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Nitesh Dhasmana
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Panit Chantharasupawong
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Anton V Ievlev
- The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andre J Gesquiere
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Laurene Tetard
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Jayan Thomas
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- CREOL, College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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21
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Yang C, Li H, Tong J, Li J, Zhang P, Xia Y. Dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]naphtho[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene based medium bandgap conjugated polymers for photovoltaic applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yang
- Key Lab of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry, Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Huijuan Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Junfeng Tong
- Key Lab of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry, Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Lab of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry, Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Lab of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry, Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Key Lab of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry, Lanzhou Jiaotong University; Lanzhou 730000 China
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22
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Cai P, Jia H, Chen J, Cao Y. Organic/Organic Cathode Bi-Interlayers Based on a Water-Soluble Nonconjugated Polymer and an Alcohol-Soluble Conjugated Polymer for High Efficiency Inverted Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27871-27877. [PMID: 26618891 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, organic/organic cathode bi-interlayers based on a water-soluble nonconjugated polymer PDMC and an alcohol-soluble conjugated polymer PFN were introduced to modifythe ITO cathode for inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). PDMC with ultrahigh molecular weight would facilitate to form strong adsorption on the ITO substrate, while PFN could provide both compatibly interfacial contacts with the bottom PDMC interlayer and the upper organic active layer. The PDMC/PFN cathode bi-interlayers could decrease work function of the ITO cathode to 3.8 eV, supplying the most efficient ohmic interfacial contacts for electron collection at the ITO cathode. With a PTB7:PC71BM blend as the active layer, inverted PSCs based on the PDMC/PFN cathode bi-interlayers showed the highest efficiency of 9.01% and the best air stability within 60 days if compared with devices based on a separate PDMC or PFN cathode interlayer. The results suggest that the PDMC/PFN cathode bi-interlayers would play an important role to achieve high efficiency and stable inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongfu Jia
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
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23
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An alternating copolymer of fluorene donor and quinoxaline acceptor versus a terpolymer consisting of fluorene, quinoxaline and benzothiadiazole building units: synthesis and characterization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Lim KG, Park SM, Woo HY, Lee TW. Elucidating the Role of Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Interlayers for High-Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3062-3068. [PMID: 26346835 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the promising function of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) as an interfacial layer in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), the underlying mechanism of dipole orientation and the electrical characteristics of CPE interlayers remain unclear. Currently, the ionic functionality of CPEs (i.e., whether they are cationic or anionic) is believed to determine the interfacial dipole alignment and the resulting electron or hole extraction properties at the interface between an organic photoactive layer and a metal electrode. In this research, we find that in contrast to this common belief, the photovoltaic efficiency can be improved significantly by both cationic and anionic CPE layers regardless of the ion functionality of the CPE. This improvement occurs because the interfacial dipoles of cationic and anionic CPEs are realigned in the identical direction despite the different ionic functionality. The net dipole is determined not by the intrinsic molecular dipole of the CPE but by the ionic redistribution in the CPE layer and the resulting interfacial dipole at the intimate contact with adjacent layers. We also demonstrated that the energy level alignment and performance parameters of OPVs can be controlled systematically by the electrically poled CPE layers with the oriented interfacial dipoles; the distribution of positive and negative ions in the CPE layer was adjusted by applying an appropriate external electric field, and the energy alignment was reversible by changing the electric field direction. The anionic and cationic CPEs (PSBFP-Na and PAHFP-Br) based on the same π-conjugated backbone of fluorene-phenylene were each used as the electron extraction layer on a photoactive layer. Both anionic and cationic CPE interlayers improved the energy level alignment at the interface between the photoactive layer and the electrode and the resulting performance parameters, which thereby increased the power conversion efficiency to 8.3 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Geun Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31 Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784 (Republic of Korea)
| | - Sung Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-713 (Republic of Korea)
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-713 (Republic of Korea).
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31 Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784 (Republic of Korea).
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25
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Zhong Y, Trinh MT, Chen R, Purdum GE, Khlyabich PP, Sezen M, Oh S, Zhu H, Fowler B, Zhang B, Wang W, Nam CY, Sfeir MY, Black CT, Steigerwald ML, Loo YL, Ng F, Zhu XY, Nuckolls C. Molecular helices as electron acceptors in high-performance bulk heterojunction solar cells. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8242. [PMID: 26382113 PMCID: PMC4595599 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous organic semiconducting materials synthesized for organic photovoltaics in the past decade, fullerenes are widely used as electron acceptors in highly efficient bulk-heterojunction solar cells. None of the non-fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells have achieved efficiencies as high as fullerene-based solar cells. Design principles for fullerene-free acceptors remain unclear in the field. Here we report examples of helical molecular semiconductors as electron acceptors that are on par with fullerene derivatives in efficient solar cells. We achieved an 8.3% power conversion efficiency in a solar cell, which is a record high for non-fullerene bulk heterojunctions. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed both electron and hole transfer processes at the donor-acceptor interfaces. Atomic force microscopy reveals a mesh-like network of acceptors with pores that are tens of nanometres in diameter for efficient exciton separation and charge transport. This study describes a new motif for designing highly efficient acceptors for organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - M Tuan Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Rongsheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Geoffrey E Purdum
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Petr P Khlyabich
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Melda Sezen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Seokjoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Brandon Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Chang-Yong Nam
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, New York 11973, USA
| | - Matthew Y Sfeir
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, New York 11973, USA
| | - Charles T Black
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, New York 11973, USA
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Yueh-Lin Loo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Fay Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - X-Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, Havemeyer Hall, MC3130, New York, New York 10027, USA
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26
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Liu Y, Page ZA, Russell TP, Emrick T. Finely Tuned Polymer Interlayers Enhance Solar Cell Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11485-9. [PMID: 26236017 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three conjugated polymer zwitterions (CPZs), containing thiophene-, diketopyrrolopyrrole- (DPP), and naphthalene diimide (NDI) backbones, were synthesized with pendant zwitterions, specifically sulfobetaine groups. Diboronate-ester-functionalized bithiophene and benzothiadiazole monomers were copolymerized with zwitterion-substituted dibromothiophene, DPP, and NDI monomers by A2 + B2 Suzuki polymerization. The CPZs were incorporated into polymer solar cells (PSCs) as interlayers between the photoactive layer and Ag cathode. The thiophene-based CPZs gave power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of about 5%, while the narrow-energy-gap DPP- and NDI-based CPZs performed exceptionally well, giving PCEs of 9.49% and 10.19%, respectively. The interlayer thickness had only a minor impact on the device performance for the DPP- and NDI-CPZs, a finding attributed to their electron-transport properties. Ultraviolet photoelectron and reflectance spectroscopies, combined with external quantum efficiency measurements, provided structure-property relationships that lend insight into the function of CPZ interlayers in PSCs. NDI-based CPZ interlayers provide some of the best performing organic solar cells reported to date, and prove useful in conjunction with high-performing polymer-active layers and stable, high-work-function, metal cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003 (USA)
| | - Zachariah A Page
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003 (USA)
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003 (USA).
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003 (USA).
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27
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Liu Y, Page ZA, Russell TP, Emrick T. Finely Tuned Polymer Interlayers Enhance Solar Cell Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Du P, Jing P, Li D, Cao Y, Liu Z, Sun Z. Plasmonic Ag@oxide nanoprisms for enhanced performance of organic solar cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:2454-2462. [PMID: 25641914 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), light scattering, and lowering the series resistance of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) provide positive effect on the performance of photovoltaic device. However, the exciton recombination on the noble metal NPs accompanying above influences will deteriorate the performance of device. In this report, surface-modified Ag@oxide (TiO2 or SiO2 ) nanoprisms with 1-2 nm shell thickness are developed. The thin film composed of P3HT/Ag@oxides and P3HT:PCBM/Ag@oxides is investigated by absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and transient absorption spectroscopy. The results show a significant absorption, PL enhancement, and long-lived photogenerated polaron in the P3HT/Ag@TiO2 film, indicating the increase of photogenerated exciton population by LSPR of Ag nanoprisms. In the case of P3HT/Ag nanoprisms, partial PL quench and relatively short-lived photogenerated polaron are observed. That indicates that the oxides layer can effectively avoid the exciton recombination. When the Ag@oxide nanoprisms are introduced into the active layer of P3HT:PCBM photovoltaic devices, about 31% of power conversion efficiency enhancement is obtained relative to the reference cell. All these results indicate that Ag@oxides can enhance the performance of the cell, at the same time the ultrathin oxide shell prevents from the exciton recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, P.R. China
| | - Pengtao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Di Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 East Nanhu Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
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29
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Zhou H, Zhang Y, Mai CK, Collins SD, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ, Heeger AJ. Polymer homo-tandem solar cells with best efficiency of 11.3%. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1767-1773. [PMID: 25645197 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rational materials design and interface engineering are both essential to realize a high performance for tandem cells. Two identical bulk heterojunctions are connected in series using novel interconnection layers combining pH-neutral conjugated polyelectrolytes and a thin film of ZnO nanoparticles by a solution process. The best performing tandem cells achieve a power conversion efficiency of 11.3%, with 25% enhancement in efficiency compared with single cells, which arises primarily from the increased light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Zhou
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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30
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Kang H, Kee S, Yu K, Lee J, Kim G, Kim J, Kim JR, Kong J, Lee K. Simplified tandem polymer solar cells with an ideal self-organized recombination layer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1408-1413. [PMID: 25449142 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new tandem architecture for printable photovoltaics using a versatile organic nanocomposite containing photoactive and interfacial materials is demonstrated. The nanocomposite forms an ideal self-organized recombination layer via a spontaneous vertical phase separation, which yields a simplified tandem structure fabricated with only four component layers and a high tandem efficiency of 10.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkyu Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics, Heeger Center for Advanced Materials, Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
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31
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Zheng Z, Zhang S, Zhang M, Zhao K, Ye L, Chen Y, Yang B, Hou J. Highly efficient tandem polymer solar cells with a photovoltaic response in the visible light range. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1189-94. [PMID: 25530506 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient polymer solar cells with a tandem structure are fabricated by using two excellent photovoltaic polymers and a highly transparent intermediate recombination layer. Power conversion -efficiencies over 10% can be realized with a photovoltaic response within 800 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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32
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Wang DH, Kyaw AKK, Park JH. Enhanced fill factor of tandem organic solar cells incorporating a diketopyrrolopyrrole-based low-bandgap polymer and optimized interlayer. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:331-336. [PMID: 25404201 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that reproducible results can be obtained from tandem solar cells based on the wide-bandgap poly[N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4,7-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole] (PCDTBT) and the diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based narrow bandgap polymer (DT-PDPP2T-TT) with a decyltetradecyl (DT) and an electron-rich 2,5-di-2-thienylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene (2T-TT) group fabricated using an optimized interlayer (ZnO NPs/ph-n-PEDOT:PSS) [NPs: nanoparticles; ph-n: pH-neutral PEDOT: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); PSS: polystyrene sulfonate]. The tandem cells are fabricated by applying a simple process without thermal annealing. The ZnO NP interlayer operates well when the ZnO NPs are dispersed in 2-methoxyethanol, as no precipitation and chemical reactions occur. In addition to the ZnO NP film, we used neutral PEDOT:PSS as a second interlayer which is not affect to the sequential deposited bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layer of acidification. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a tandem device reaches 7.4 % (open-circuit voltage VOC =1.53 V, short-circuit current density JSC =7.3 mA cm(-2) , and fill factor FF=67 %). Furthermore, FF is increased to up to 71 % when another promising large bandgap (bandgap ∼1.94 eV) polymer (PBnDT-FTAZ) is used. The surface of each layer with nanoscale morphology (BHJ1/ZnO NPs film/ph-n-PEDOT:PSS/BHJ2) was examined by means of AFM analysis during sequential processing. The combination of these factors, efficient DPP-based narrow bandgap material and optimized interlayer, leads to the high FF (average approaches 70 %) and reproducibly operating tandem BHJ solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwan Wang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756 (Republic of Korea).
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33
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McAfee SM, Topple JM, Sun JP, Hill IG, Welch GC. The structural evolution of an isoindigo-based non-fullerene acceptor for use in organic photovoltaics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16696a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural evolution of an isoindigo molecule acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth M. McAfee
- Department of Chemistry
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | | | - Jon-Paul Sun
- Department of Physics
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Ian G. Hill
- Department of Physics
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Gregory C. Welch
- Department of Chemistry
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
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34
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Hu Z, Zhang K, Huang F, Cao Y. Water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymers for the interface engineering of highly efficient polymer light-emitting diodes and polymer solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5572-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09433f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a summary of the recent developments and applications of water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymers in highly efficient polymer light-emitting diodes and polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
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35
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Allard N, Zindy N, Morin PO, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ, Leclerc M. Synthesis, characterization and device optimisation of new poly(benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-alt-thieno[3,4-d]thiazole) derivatives for solar cell applications. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New alternating copolymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]-dithiophene and thieno[3,4-d]thiazole derivatives have been synthesized and their optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Allard
- Laboratoire des polymères électroactifs et photoactifs
- Université Laval
- Département de Chimie
- Quebec G1 V 0A6
- Canada
| | - Nicolas Zindy
- Laboratoire des polymères électroactifs et photoactifs
- Université Laval
- Département de Chimie
- Quebec G1 V 0A6
- Canada
| | - Pierre-Olivier Morin
- Laboratoire des polymères électroactifs et photoactifs
- Université Laval
- Département de Chimie
- Quebec G1 V 0A6
- Canada
| | - Martijn M. Wienk
- Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- Netherlands
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Laboratoire des polymères électroactifs et photoactifs
- Université Laval
- Département de Chimie
- Quebec G1 V 0A6
- Canada
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36
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Ye L, Jiang W, Zhao W, Zhang S, Qian D, Wang Z, Hou J. Selecting a donor polymer for realizing favorable morphology in efficient non-fullerene acceptor-based solar cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:4658-4663. [PMID: 24947957 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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37
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Guo X, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Imide- and amide-functionalized polymer semiconductors. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8943-9021. [PMID: 25181005 DOI: 10.1021/cr500225d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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38
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Chen CC, Chang WH, Yoshimura K, Ohya K, You J, Gao J, Hong Z, Yang Y. An efficient triple-junction polymer solar cell having a power conversion efficiency exceeding 11%. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5670-7. [PMID: 25043698 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Tandem solar cells have the potential to improve photon conversion efficiencies (PCEs) beyond the limits of single-junction devices. In this study, a triple-junction tandem design is demonstrated by employing three distinct organic donor materials having bandgap energies ranging from 1.4 to 1.9 eV. Through optical modeling, balanced photon absorption rates are achieved and, thereby, the photo-currents are matched among the three subcells. Accordingly, an efficient triple-junction tandem organic solar cell can exhibit a record-high PCE of 11.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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39
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Zeigler DF, Mazzio KA, Luscombe CK. Fully Conjugated Graft Copolymers Comprising a P-Type Donor–Acceptor Backbone and Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Side Chains Synthesized Via a “Graft Through” Approach. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5009435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David F. Zeigler
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Katherine A. Mazzio
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
| | - Christine K. Luscombe
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, United States
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40
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Cambarau W, Viterisi A, Ryan JW, Palomares E. Small molecule-based tandem solar cells with solution-processed and vacuum-processed photoactive layers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5349-51. [PMID: 24326870 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47333c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A tandem solar cell device whose sub-cells are fabricated exclusively from small molecules (SMs) through both solution-processed and vacuum-processed deposition techniques is described. The front sub-cell's active layer consists of a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) DPP(TBFu)2:PC70BM device while the back cell has a typical bilayer structure employing a 2,4-bis[4-(N,N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (SQ) donor and a C60 acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werther Cambarau
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
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41
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Lv M, Lei M, Zhu J, Hirai T, Chen X. [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid 2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-ethyl ester as an acceptor and cathode interfacial material in polymer solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5844-5851. [PMID: 24660905 DOI: 10.1021/am5007047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An amine-based, alcohol-soluble fullerene [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid 2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-ethyl ester (PCBDAN) with 4-fold electron mobility of 6,6-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is applied successfully as an acceptor and cathode interfacial material in polymer solar cells ITO/P3HT:PCBDAN/MoO3/Ag, where indium tin oxide (ITO) alone is used as the cathode and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is used as a donor. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profile confirming a favorable vertical phase separation is formed where P3HT is rich at the air/active blend interface and PCBDAN is rich at the buried interface with ITO and, thus, reduces the work function of ITO for use as the cathode. A moderate power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.1% is achieved. The slightly low PCE could be due to unoptimized morphology and low structure ordering of P3HT in the blends. However, this result demonstrates that the amine-based fullerene could be used as the acceptor and cathode interfacial material, which eliminated the multilayer device fabrication process. Because PCBDAN has high electron mobility, it would have potential applications in nano-structured organic solar cells. In the near future, alcohol-processable, high-efficient organic/polymer solar cells can be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglan Lv
- Materials Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) , Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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42
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Kim JH, Shin SA, Park JB, Song CE, Shin WS, Yang H, Li Y, Hwang DH. Fluorinated Benzoselenadiazole-Based Low-Band-Gap Polymers for High Efficiency Inverted Single and Tandem Organic Photovoltaic Cells. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4026493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional
Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ah Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional
Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Baek Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional
Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Suk Shin
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 100 Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoichang Yang
- Department of Advanced
Fiber Engineering, Optoelectronic Hybrids Research Center, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences and Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Do-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional
Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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43
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Vaughan B, Williams EL, Holmes NP, Sonar P, Dodabalapur A, Dastoor PC, Belcher WJ. Water-based nanoparticulate solar cells using a diketopyrrolopyrrole donor polymer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:2647-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Zhang Q, Wan X, Lu Y, Li Y, Li Y, Li C, Wu H, Chen Y. The synthesis of 5-alkyl[3,4-c]thienopyrrole-4,6-dione-based polymers using a Pd-catalyzed oxidative C–H/C–H homopolymerization reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12497-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple, mild, atom economical homopolymerization method through Pd-catalyzed oxidative C–H/C–H coupling was developed for the preparation of a series of 5-alkyl[3,4-c]thienopyrrole-4,6-dione-based conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin, China
| | - Yandong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Yuefeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Chenxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
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